Construction method of lower support type composite floor

Abstract

The application discloses a construction method of a lower support type composite floor slab, which comprises the following steps: step 1, embedding a steel piece for installing a support device on the lower surface of the composite floor slab; step 2, arranging a hanging point on the bottom of a cross beam of the layer where the composite floor slab is arranged, fixing the end of a steel rope on the hanging point, and horizontally placing the steel rope under the installation area of the composite floor slab; step 3, fixing the support device on the steel piece on the lower surface of the composite floor slab; and step 4, hoisting the composite floor slab, so that the composite floor slab falls on the cross beam and the support device falls on the steel rope. The composite floor slab of the application can obtain sufficient bearing capacity by the support force provided by the support device and the steel rope at the bottom after hoisting, the steel rope is fixed on the cross beam of the layer where the composite floor slab is arranged, so that the floor slabs of each layer can be simultaneously constructed, and the construction efficiency is improved; on the other hand, the support device and the steel rope are both arranged below the composite floor slab, and do not affect the construction operation in the space above the composite floor slab.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of construction, and more particularly to a method for constructing a bottom-supported composite floor slab. Background Technology

[0002] Composite floor slabs are prefabricated monolithic floor slabs composed of precast slabs and cast-in-place reinforced concrete layers. The construction method involves: precast slabs and their steel frames being manufactured in the factory, transported to the construction site, hoisted to the designated floor, and then concrete is poured onto the surface of the precast slabs to form a complete floor slab. The advantage of composite floor slabs is that they retain the inherent advantages of precast floor slabs while allowing for the convenient installation of various horizontal equipment and pipelines on the floor surface.

[0003] In traditional composite floor slabs, not all concrete is poured during the prefabrication stage, resulting in insufficient strength and limited load-bearing capacity. Therefore, during hoisting construction, a support structure needs to be pre-installed at the bottom to ensure sufficient load-bearing capacity during construction. Since this support structure can only be installed after the lower floor slab has been poured and reached its expected strength, the installation of the composite floor slabs must proceed from bottom to top, impacting construction progress. To improve construction efficiency, Chinese patent application No. 202211007052.2, "Construction Method of Precast Composite Floor Slabs," provides a suspended construction method for precast composite floor slabs. This method involves setting up lifting points above the installation layer of the composite floor slab and suspending it using steel cables. While this method eliminates the need for bottom support during hoisting, it requires a significant number of steel cables in the upper space of the composite floor slab. However, this upper space is precisely the construction space, and these cables severely hinder various construction operations such as pipe laying on the surface of the composite floor slab. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that, in the prior art, when hoisting composite floor slabs, it is necessary to set up supports at the bottom of the composite floor slabs or set up suspension steel ropes at the top, which affects construction efficiency or occupies subsequent construction space.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a construction method for a bottom-supported composite floor slab, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Embed steel components for installing supports on the lower surface of the composite floor slab;

[0007] Step 2: Set up hanging points at the bottom of the beams on the floor where the composite floor slab is located, and fix the end of the steel rope to the hanging points so that the steel rope is horizontally placed below the installation area of ​​the composite floor slab.

[0008] Step 3: Secure the support to the steel components on the underside of the composite floor slab;

[0009] Step 4: Hoist the composite floor slab so that it rests on the beam and the support rests on the steel cable.

[0010] The composite floor slab of the present invention relies on the support device and steel rope to provide support at the bottom after hoisting, so that the composite floor slab can obtain sufficient load-bearing capacity. The steel rope is fixed on the crossbeam of the floor where the composite floor slab is located, unlike the traditional support frame installed on the floor slab of the lower floor, so that the floor slabs of each floor can be constructed at the same time, improving construction efficiency. On the other hand, the support device and steel rope are located below the composite floor slab, so they do not affect the construction work in the space above the composite floor slab.

[0011] Because dimensional errors are unavoidable in building construction, it is difficult to precisely control the distance between the horizontal steel cable and the composite floor slab in practical applications. Using ordinary square steel as a support makes it difficult to ensure sufficient support force on the bottom surface of the composite floor slab. Therefore, this invention provides a dedicated support device comprising an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, and a main spring. Both the inner cylinder and the main spring are located within the outer cylinder. One end of the main spring is connected to the inner cylinder, and the other end rests on the bottom of the outer cylinder. The surface of the outer cylinder has rope grooves along its length. After the composite floor slab is hoisted, the steel cable is embedded in the rope grooves of the support device at the bottom of the composite floor slab, meaning the bottom surface of the main spring rests on the steel cable. This compresses the main spring, which then applies support force to the bottom surface of the composite floor slab through the inner cylinder. This design ensures that the support force at the bottom of the composite floor slab comes directly from the main spring, facilitating control of the support force. Even with some errors in the distance between the composite floor slab and the horizontal steel cable, the support force of the main spring will not change drastically.

[0012] Furthermore, the support also includes a middle cylinder, through which an inner cylinder passes vertically. The bottom of the middle cylinder is frustum-shaped. A first steel ball and a first spring are installed inside the middle cylinder. The first steel ball is located at the frustum-shaped bottom of the middle cylinder and is distributed around it. The first spring is located above the first steel ball. The top of the main spring is supported on the middle cylinder. The middle cylinder, the first steel ball, and the first spring form a one-way movement mechanism, allowing the middle cylinder to move downwards relative to the inner cylinder but not upwards. In practical applications, moving the middle cylinder downwards changes the compression of the main spring, thereby adjusting the upward supporting force exerted by the main spring on the composite floor slab through the middle and inner cylinders. To facilitate downward movement of the middle cylinder, its surface is provided with lugs, to which ropes and hooks are connected. After the composite floor slab is hoisted, workers can temporarily add weights to the ropes and hooks to lower the displacement of the middle cylinder, increasing the compression of the main spring. After removing the temporarily added weights, the supporting force of the support on the composite floor slab increases.

[0013] During application, the support device of this invention allows the middle cylinder to move downwards but not upwards. However, the support device itself is not a disposable item and needs to be recycled and reused after construction. Therefore, this invention requires a corresponding mechanism for the middle cylinder to ensure that it can be readjusted and moved back to its initial position after recycling. Specifically, a first return ring is provided inside the middle cylinder, which fits around the inner cylinder and is located below the steel ball. The bottom of the middle cylinder has a return hole aligned with the first return ring. After removing the support device, the worker inserts a push rod into the return hole and uses the push rod to lift the first return ring and the first steel ball, causing the first steel ball to separate from the inner cylinder. Afterward, the middle cylinder can move freely upwards to its initial position.

[0014] Furthermore, the bottom of the rope groove is flared to facilitate the entry of the steel rope into the groove.

[0015] Furthermore, a connector is provided at the top of the inner cylinder, and a hanger rod is provided on the steel component, with the support fixed to the hanger rod via the connector.

[0016] Specifically, the connector includes an outer cover, a second steel ball, and a second spring. The outer cover is a frustum-shaped structure with a small opening and a large belly, and is fixed to the top of the inner cylinder. The lifting rod is inserted into the outer cover from the top. The second steel ball is located in the upper opening area of ​​the outer cover and is arranged around the lifting rod. The second spring abuts against the second steel ball from below. Similarly, the outer cover, the second steel ball, and the second spring form a one-way moving mechanism, and the connector can only move upward relative to the lifting rod and cannot move downward. After the worker inserts the connector at the top of the support into the lifting rod, the entire support is firmly fixed to the lifting rod.

[0017] Accordingly, to facilitate the disassembly of the support, the connector also includes a second return ring, which fits around the boom and is located above the second steel ball. The second return ring is provided with a downward pull rod, and the bottom of the pull rod is provided with a hook. By pulling down the second return ring, the second steel ball can be moved downward, the second steel ball can be separated from the boom, and the support can be removed.

[0018] To facilitate disassembly of the support, the support is also equipped with a disassembly tool, which includes a long rod and a cylinder mounted on the top of the long rod. The top of the cylinder is open and has an inwardly folding section. During disassembly, the support is fixed to the lower surface of the composite floor slab. The worker first goes to the lower level of the composite floor slab, where the support is located on the floor above the worker's head. The worker then holds the long rod and inserts the cylinder into the inner cylinder of the support. Using the folding section of the cylinder, the worker hooks the hook of the pull rod and pulls down the disassembly tool, causing the second return ring to descend and the second steel ball to separate from the hanger. The support then automatically separates from the hanger. At this point, the support is perfectly fitted onto the cylinder of the disassembly tool, and the worker can slowly remove the support to complete the disassembly. Throughout the entire disassembly process, the worker remains on the floor, without the need for ladders or scaffolding, making it safe and quick.

[0019] Beneficial effects: (1) After hoisting, the bottom support of the composite floor slab construction method of the present invention relies on the support and steel rope to provide support at the bottom. The installation of the steel rope does not depend on the lower floor slab, so that the floor slabs of each floor can be constructed at the same time, improving construction efficiency. On the other hand, the support and steel rope are both located below the composite floor slab, which does not affect the construction work in the space above the composite floor slab. (2) The bottom support of the composite floor slab construction method of the present invention sets a main spring in the support, and uses the main spring to provide direct support for the composite floor slab, which helps to reduce the influence of construction dimensional errors on the magnitude of the support force. (3) The bottom support of the composite floor slab construction method of the present invention is equipped with a central cylinder that can only move in one direction in the support, so that the magnitude of the support force applied by the support to the composite floor slab can still be adjusted after the composite floor slab is hoisted. (4) The bottom support of the composite floor slab construction method of the present invention sets a connector at the top of the support, so that workers can install the support by manually inserting the support and the hoisting rod, which is very convenient. (5) The construction method of the under-supported composite floor slab of the present invention is equipped with corresponding dismantling tools, so that workers can stand on the floor and poke the long rod to disconnect the support and hanger and remove the support at the same time. The whole dismantling process is easy to install. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is the front view of the composite floor slab in Example 1.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a top view of the composite floor slab in Example 1.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the support in Example 1.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the composite floor slab in Example 1.

[0024] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 AA cross-section view.

[0025] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Enlarged view of A.

[0026] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 Enlarged view of B.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the disassembly tool in Example 1.

[0028] The components are as follows: 100, precast floor slab; 200, steel frame; 300, steel components; 310, hanger; 400, support; 410, outer cylinder; 411, rope groove; 420, inner cylinder; 430, main spring; 440, middle cylinder; 441, first steel ball; 442, first spring; 443, hanging lug; 444, rope; 445, hook; 446, first return ring; 447, return hole; 450, connector; 451, outer cover; 452, second steel ball; 453, second spring; 454, second return ring; 454-1, tie rod; 454-2, hook part; 500, dismantling tool; 510, long rod; 520, cylinder; 521, turning part; 600, crossbeam; 700, steel rope. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the composite floor slab in this embodiment includes a precast floor slab 100, a steel frame 200, and steel components 300. A portion of the steel frame 200 is located within the precast floor slab 100, while another portion is exposed above the precast floor slab 100. During the construction phase, a complete floor slab can be formed by pouring concrete onto the precast floor slab 100. During the production phase of the precast floor slab 100, the steel components 300 are embedded in the bottom of the precast floor slab 100, and hangers 310 are also provided on the bottom surface of the steel components 300.

[0032] In this embodiment, the bottom-supported composite floor slab requires the use of, during the construction phase, the following... Figures 3 to 8 The support 400 and disassembly tool 500 are shown. The support 400 includes an outer cylinder 410, an inner cylinder 420, a main spring 430, a middle cylinder 440, and a connector 450. The inner cylinder 420, the middle cylinder 440, and the main spring 430 are all vertically arranged within the outer cylinder 410. The surface of the outer cylinder 410 is provided with a rope groove 411 along the length of the outer cylinder 410, and the bottom of the rope groove 411 is flared.

[0033] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the inner cylinder 420 passes vertically through the middle cylinder 440. The bottom of the middle cylinder 440 is frustum-shaped. A first steel ball 441 and a first spring 442 are disposed inside the middle cylinder 440. The first steel ball 441 is located at the frustum-shaped bottom of the middle cylinder 440 and is distributed around the middle cylinder 440. The first spring 442 is located above the first steel ball 441. The top of the main spring 430 is supported on the middle cylinder 440. The middle cylinder 440, the first steel ball 441, and the first spring 442 form a one-way moving mechanism, allowing the middle cylinder 440 to move downwards relative to the inner cylinder 420, but not upwards. The surface of the middle cylinder 440 is provided with a hanging lug 443, to which a rope 444 and a hook 445 are connected. Clearly, by temporarily adding a weight to the rope 444 and the hook 445, the displacement of the middle cylinder 440 can be lowered.

[0034] The middle cylinder 440 is also provided with a first return ring 446, which fits around the inner cylinder 420 and is located below the steel ball. The bottom of the middle cylinder 440 is provided with a return hole 447 that aligns with the first return ring 446. After the support 400 is removed, if the worker inserts a push rod into the return hole 447, the push rod will lift the first return ring 446 and the first steel ball 441, causing the first steel ball 441 to separate from the inner cylinder 420. After that, the middle cylinder 440 can move freely back to its initial position.

[0035] like Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, a connector 450 is provided on the top of the inner cylinder 420. The connector 450 includes an outer cover 451, a second steel ball 452, a second spring 453, and a second return ring 454. The outer cover 451 is a frustum-shaped structure with a small opening and a large belly and is fixed to the top of the inner cylinder 420. The lifting rod 310 is inserted into the outer cover 451 from the top. The second steel ball 452 is located in the upper opening area of ​​the outer cover 451 and is arranged around the lifting rod 310. The second spring 453 abuts against the second steel ball 452 from below. Similarly, the outer cover 451, the second steel ball 452, and the second spring 453 form a one-way moving mechanism. The connector 450 can only move upward relative to the lifting rod 310 and cannot move downward. After the worker inserts the connector 450 on the top of the support 400 into the lifting rod 310, the entire support 400 is firmly fixed to the lifting rod 310. The second return ring 454 is fitted onto the boom 310 and is located above the second steel ball 452. The second return ring 454 is provided with a downward pull rod 454-1, and the bottom of the pull rod 454-1 is provided with a hook part 454-2. By pulling down the second return ring 454, the second steel ball 452 can be moved downward, the second steel ball 452 is separated from the boom 310, and the support 400 can be removed.

[0036] like Figure 8As shown, the disassembly tool 500 includes a long rod 510 and a cylinder 520 mounted on the top of the long rod 510. The top of the cylinder 520 is open and is provided with an inwardly folding portion 521.

[0037] The construction method of the bottom-supported composite floor slab in this embodiment is as follows:

[0038] Step 1: Producing in the processing plant, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 The composite floor slab shown has steel parts 300 pre-embedded on its lower surface for installing the support 400; then the composite floor slab is transported to the construction site.

[0039] Step 2: As Figure 4 As shown, a hanging point is set at the bottom of the beam 600 of the floor where the composite floor slab is located, and the end of the steel rope 700 is fixed to the hanging point, so that the steel rope 700 is horizontally placed below the installation area of ​​the composite floor slab.

[0040] Step 3: As Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the worker aligns and inserts the connector 450 on the top of the support 400 with the boom 310 to fix the support 400 to the boom 310.

[0041] Step 4: As Figure 4 As shown, the composite floor slab is hoisted so that both ends of the composite floor slab rest on the crossbeam 600. The rope groove 411 of the support 400 is aligned with the steel rope 700. The steel rope 700 is inserted into the rope groove 411 and contacts the bottom of the main spring 430, so that the main spring 430 is compressed.

[0042] Step 5: As Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, based on the actual installation situation, the workers temporarily added weights to the ropes 444 and hooks 445, causing the displacement of the middle cylinder 440 to drop, which increased the compression of the main spring 430. After removing the temporarily added weights, the support force of the support device 400 on the composite floor slab increased. Through this adjustment method, all support devices 400 applied a support force of basically the same magnitude and within the design range to the composite floor slab.

[0043] In the construction method of the under-supported composite floor slab in this embodiment, the installation of the steel cable 700 does not depend on the lower floor slab, allowing the floor slabs of each floor to be constructed simultaneously, thus improving construction efficiency. Furthermore, since both the support 400 and the steel cable 700 are located below the composite floor slab, they do not affect construction work in the space above the composite floor slab. Once the equipment on the composite floor slab is installed and the concrete is poured, the composite floor slab has reached its design strength and no longer requires support. At this point, the support should be removed. Specifically:

[0044] (1) Remove steel cable 700. At this time, support 400 is still hanging at the bottom of the composite floor slab.

[0045] (2) The worker stands on the lower floor slab, holding a... Figure 8 The disassembly tool 500 has a long rod 510, and then the cylinder 520 at the top of the long rod 510 is inserted from bottom to top as shown. Figure 5 and Figure 7 The inner cylinder 420 is shown. The folding part 521 of the cylinder 520 hooks the hook part 454-2 of the pull rod 454-1. Then, the disassembly tool 500 is pulled down to make the second return ring 454 go down and the second steel ball 452 separate from the lifting rod 310. The support 400 then automatically separates from the lifting rod 310. At this time, the support 400 will fit perfectly on the cylinder 520 of the disassembly tool 500. The worker can slowly remove the support 400 to complete the disassembly of the support 400.

[0046] Throughout the entire dismantling process, the workers remained on the floor, without the need for ladders or scaffolding, making it safe and quick.

[0047] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described in the specification, these embodiments are merely illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Various omissions, substitutions, and modifications made without departing from the spirit of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method for a bottom-supported composite floor slab, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Embed steel components for installing supports on the lower surface of the composite floor slab; Step 2: Set up hanging points at the bottom of the beams on the floor where the composite floor slab is located, and fix the end of the steel rope to the hanging points so that the steel rope is horizontally placed below the installation area of ​​the composite floor slab. Step 3: Secure the support to the steel components on the underside of the composite floor slab; Step 4: Hoist the composite floor slab so that it rests on the crossbeam and the support is on the steel cable; The aforementioned support includes an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, and a main spring. Both the inner cylinder and the main spring are located inside the outer cylinder, and the surface of the outer cylinder is provided with rope grooves along the length of the outer cylinder. The support also includes a middle cylinder, with an inner cylinder passing through it vertically. The bottom of the middle cylinder is frustum-shaped. A first steel ball and a first spring are disposed inside the middle cylinder. The first steel ball is located at the frustum-shaped bottom of the middle cylinder and is distributed around the middle cylinder. The first spring is located on top of the first steel ball. The top of the main spring is supported on the middle cylinder. A steel rope can be inserted into the rope groove and contact the bottom of the main spring, so that the main spring is compressed. The surface of the middle cylinder is provided with a hanging ear, and a rope and a hook are connected to the hanging ear; the middle cylinder, the first steel ball and the first spring form a one-way moving mechanism, so that the middle cylinder can only move downward relative to the inner cylinder and cannot move upward.

2. The construction method for bottom-supported composite floor slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle cylinder is also provided with a first return ring, which fits around the inner cylinder and is located below the first steel ball. The bottom of the middle cylinder is provided with a return hole aligned with the first return ring.

3. The construction method for bottom-supported composite floor slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the rope groove is flared.

4. The construction method for bottom-supported composite floor slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connector is provided at the top of the inner cylinder, and a hanger rod is provided on the steel part. The support is fixed to the hanger rod through the connector.

5. The construction method for bottom-supported composite floor slabs according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connector includes an outer cover, a second steel ball, and a second spring. The outer cover is a frustum-shaped structure with a small opening and a large belly and is fixed to the top of the inner cylinder. The lifting rod is inserted into the outer cover from the top. The second steel ball is located in the upper opening area of ​​the outer cover and is arranged around the lifting rod. The second spring abuts against the second steel ball from below.

6. The construction method for bottom-supported composite floor slabs according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connector also includes a second return ring, which fits around the boom and is located above the second steel ball. The second return ring is provided with a downward pull rod, and the bottom of the pull rod is provided with a hook.

7. The construction method for bottom-supported composite floor slabs according to claim 6, characterized in that: The support is also equipped with a disassembly tool, which includes a long rod and a cylinder mounted on top of the long rod. The top of the cylinder is open and has an inwardly folding section.

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