A method for synergistically preventing and controlling combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake induced by thick roof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of thick roof induced rock burst and mine earthquake composite disaster collaborative prevention and control methods, comprising: according to the theory of key layer, the multiple key layers of thick roof are determined, and the main disaster layer model is established using up and down microseismic monitoring system, and the layer position of impact disaster main control layer and the layer position of mine earthquake disaster main control layer are determined in combination with key layer and main disaster layer model;According to the layer position, thickness and stratum information of the layer position of impact disaster main control layer and mine earthquake disaster main control layer, the multi-disaster layer collaborative management scheme is established, and the scheme test is carried out, and the management scheme is corrected according to the test result;According to the revised multi-disaster layer collaborative management scheme and main disaster layer model, the thick roof with impact disaster main control layer or mine earthquake disaster main control layer position is carried out collaborative fracturing prevention and control operation;Test rock burst and mine earthquake composite disaster collaborative prevention and control effect.The application can realize the collaborative prevention and control of thick roof induced rock burst and mine earthquake composite disaster.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of coal seam rock burst prevention and control, and particularly relates to a method for cooperatively preventing and controlling combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake induced by thick roof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, with the gradual transfer of coal resource mining to the west, the problems of mine earthquake and rock burst in Shaanxi-Mongolia region have emerged with an unprecedented frequency, although no serious mine disasters have been caused, the strong ground tremor has led to mine earthquake becoming a sensitive topic and causing social panic.

[0003] At present, the prevention and control of mine earthquake and rock burst in Shaanxi-Mongolia region has the following problems: often after the problem of mine earthquake occurs, the management is carried out according to the layer of mine earthquake, the management effect is not obvious, the target layer of management is not clear, and only the management range can be expanded as much as possible to cover the target layer of management, the management is blind; in actual engineering application, the application of various technical means lacks reliable theoretical basis, and the management effect of the implementation of related technical means lacks reliable and accurate evaluation method, often taking whether mine earthquake or rock burst appears as an index, various schemes often need to be continuously adjusted according to actual management effect, and the mine can only be treated after mine earthquake and rock burst appear, the prevention and control is in the state of "if there is a problem, it is improved, if there is no problem, it is encouraged"; due to the wide distribution of thick and hard roof in Shaanxi-Mongolia region, the disaster-causing properties of thick and hard roof in different layers are different, thick and hard roof in each layer is not cooperatively managed, the roof management is large in amount, high in cost and low in efficiency. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims at at least one of the problems in the related art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a method for cooperatively preventing and controlling combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake induced by thick roof, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1, determining a plurality of key layers of the thick roof according to the key layer theory, and establishing a disaster-causing main control layer model using an up-and-down microseismic monitoring system, and determining the layer position of the rock burst disaster-causing main control layer and the layer position of the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer in combination with the key layer and the disaster-causing main control layer model;

[0007] S2, establishing a multi-disaster layer cooperative management scheme according to the layer position, thickness and rock layer information of the rock burst disaster-causing main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer, and carrying out a multi-disaster layer cooperative management scheme test in the field, and correcting the multi-disaster layer cooperative management scheme according to the test result;

[0008] S3, according to the revised multi-disaster layer collaborative governance scheme and the disaster main control layer model, the thick roof with the position of the impact disaster main control layer or the mine shock disaster main control layer is subjected to collaborative fracturing prevention and control operation;

[0009] S4, the effect of the impact disaster and mine shock compound disaster collaborative prevention and control is tested.

[0010] The present application realizes the collaborative prevention and control of the thick roof induced impact disaster and mine shock compound disaster by synchronous determination and collaborative governance protection of the impact disaster main control layer and the mine shock disaster main control layer, provides a more explicit theoretical basis for the compound disaster governance in the mine shock and impact disaster area, so as to reduce the problems of resource waste and low governance effect caused by blindness in the compound disaster governance.

[0011] Optionally, in S1, when the disaster main control layer is determined, the microseismic monitoring system above and below the well is combined, the microseismic events detected in a certain period of time are counted, the microseismic events occurring in the time period are counted and analyzed in different orders of magnitude, and the box plot and the event scatter normal distribution diagram are combined to analyze the impact of different orders of magnitude, so as to collaboratively determine the impact disaster main control layer and the mine shock disaster main control layer.

[0012] Further, the box plot takes the vertical height of the coal seam as the 0 scale;

[0013] The vertical distribution median value determined by the box plot is taken as the central vertical height of the impact disaster main control layer;

[0014] The vertical distribution height corresponding to the upper quartile and the lower quartile of the box plot is taken as the horizon range of the impact disaster main control layer.

[0015] Further, when the mine shock occurs, the energy order of magnitude detected by the microseismic system is high, and the distance between the mine shock disaster main control layer and the coal seam is greater than the distance between the impact disaster main control layer and the coal seam, the horizon of the mine shock occurring in the statistical time period is taken as the mine shock disaster main control layer, and the vertical distribution range of the mine shock occurring in the statistical time period is taken as the horizon range of the mine shock disaster main control layer.

[0016] Further, in S2, when the multi-disaster layer collaborative governance scheme test is carried out, a test field is selected in the field, the impact disaster main control layer and the mine shock disaster main control layer of the thick roof in the test field are subjected to collaborative governance test according to the multi-disaster layer collaborative governance scheme, microseismic monitoring is carried out again, the test comparison model is established according to the detection result, the test comparison model and the disaster main control model are analyzed and compared by using the box plot and the event scatter normal distribution diagram, and the multi-disaster layer collaborative governance scheme is modified according to the analysis and comparison result.

[0017] Further, the multi-disaster layer collaborative governance scheme includes the blasting pre-splitting technology of the impact disaster main control layer, the regional fracturing technology of the impact disaster main control layer, and the ground fracturing technology of the mine earthquake disaster main control layer.

[0018] When selecting the multi-disaster layer collaborative governance scheme, at least one of the blasting pre-splitting technology of the impact disaster main control layer and the regional fracturing technology of the impact disaster main control layer is selected to cooperate with the ground fracturing technology of the mine earthquake disaster main control layer to collaboratively govern the impact disaster main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer.

[0019] The multi-disaster layer collaborative governance scheme needs to consider the layer position, layer thickness, and rock structure factors of the impact disaster main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer to determine the collaborative construction method for synchronously governing the impact disaster main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer.

[0020] When modifying the multi-disaster layer collaborative governance scheme, the scheme is reselected.

[0021] Further, for the low-position thick roof induced impact rock stratum, the deep hole pre-splitting blasting method is selected for pressure relief, which reduces the energy release of the thick roof and weakens the energy released in the roof breaking process to provide dynamic and static load for the occurrence of rock burst, thereby achieving pressure relief and rock burst prevention of the low-position thick roof. The roof deep hole pre-splitting blasting method is carried out in the two crossheading of the working face.

[0022] Further, the regional fracturing scheme of the impact disaster main control layer can be selected for the low-position thick roof induced impact rock stratum. The regional fracturing technology of the impact disaster main control layer includes the ground fracturing and the underground long hole fracturing technology, and the selection of the two technologies is related to the distance between the thick roof and the coal seam, the burial depth, and the fracturing parameters.

[0023] The underground regional fracturing method is carried out in the two crossheading of the working face, or is concentratedly arranged in one of the roadways of the working face, and is cooperated with the ground fracturing technology of the mine earthquake disaster main control layer to collaboratively govern the impact disaster main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer.

[0024] The ground fracturing method of the regional fracturing of the impact disaster main control layer is synchronously implemented with the ground fracturing of the mine earthquake disaster main control layer on the ground, and is cooperated with the ground fracturing technology of the mine earthquake disaster main control layer to collaboratively govern the impact disaster main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer.

[0025] Further, the distance between the mine earthquake disaster main control layer and the coal seam is large, and the ground fracturing technology is selected to govern the mine earthquake disaster main control layer.

[0026] The mine earthquake disaster main control layer includes the upper mine earthquake layer and the lower mine earthquake layer, and the distance between the upper mine earthquake layer and the coal seam is larger than the distance between the lower mine earthquake layer and the coal seam.

[0027] When the upper mine earthquake layer is treated by ground fracturing, the well shaft of the horizontal well is in the center of the upper mine earthquake layer, and the selected impact disaster layer treatment technology is constructed and treated synchronously to realize the collaborative treatment of the impact disaster layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer.

[0028] When the lower mine earthquake layer is treated by ground fracturing, the impact disaster main control layer range needs to be considered synchronously, and the fracturing layer range and the well shaft position of the horizontal well are comprehensively determined, so that the impact disaster main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer are collaboratively treated.

[0029] Further, when the lower mine earthquake layer is treated by ground fracturing, the fracturing layer range consideration factors include:

[0030] The layer range of the lower mine earthquake layer and the layer range of the impact disaster main control layer are obtained.

[0031] The working face mining predicted caving zone height is estimated, the fracture zone height of the roof is controlled by taking the ground fracturing advanced pre-fracturing, and a buffer cushion layer is formed to weaken the mine earthquake induced by the high roof fracture.

[0032] When the layer position of the horizontal well shaft is selected, the target layer position of each horizontal well is determined according to all the columnar charts of the rock layers in the treatment area.

[0033] Further, in S3, after the corresponding fracturing operation or blasting operation is performed according to the preliminary modified multi-disaster layer collaborative treatment scheme, high-strength energy-absorbing support equipment is arranged in the roadway to provide stable support force to the surrounding rock and maintain the integrity of the roadway.

[0034] Further, in S4, the impact ground pressure and mine earthquake composite disaster collaborative prevention and control effect is tested by using the impact ground pressure prevention and control effect testing technology and the mine earthquake prevention and control effect testing technology.

[0035] Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following and / or can be learned by practice of the application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the application will become apparent and be readily understood from the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0037] Figure 1 A method step schematic diagram of a thick roof induced impact ground pressure and mine earthquake composite disaster collaborative prevention and control method according to the application;

[0038] Figure 2It is a technical disassembly schematic diagram of a thick roof induced rock burst and mine earthquake combined disaster collaborative prevention method according to the present application, and is used for disassembling and displaying the combined technology used for collaboratively governing the rock burst and mine earthquake combined disaster;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a key layer analysis schematic diagram of a thick roof induced rock burst and mine earthquake combined disaster collaborative prevention method according to the present application, and is used for displaying the determined position of the disaster main control layer in multiple key layers;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a box plot and event scatter normal distribution diagram combined schematic diagram of a thick roof induced rock burst and mine earthquake combined disaster collaborative prevention method according to the present application, and is used for displaying the microseismic event distribution before and after the governance;

[0041] Figure 5 It is a bottom surface fracturing governance schematic diagram of an embodiment of a thick roof induced rock burst and mine earthquake combined disaster collaborative prevention method according to the present application;

[0042] Figure 6 It is a thick roof deep hole pre-splitting blasting port profile schematic diagram in a rock burst disaster main control layer blasting pre-splitting technology of a thick roof induced rock burst and mine earthquake combined disaster collaborative prevention method according to the present application;

[0043] Figure 7 It is a thick roof ultra-deep hole pre-splitting blasting port profile schematic diagram in a rock burst disaster main control layer blasting pre-splitting technology of a thick roof induced rock burst and mine earthquake combined disaster collaborative prevention method according to the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference signs represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0045] The present application provides a thick roof induced rock burst and mine earthquake combined disaster collaborative prevention method, which is described in detail below with reference to Figure 1 to the drawings.

[0046] A thick roof induced rock burst and mine earthquake combined disaster collaborative prevention method, comprising the following steps:

[0047] S1, determining multiple key layers of the thick roof according to the key layer theory, and establishing a disaster main control layer model using an uphole and downhole microseismic monitoring system, and determining the layer position of the rock burst disaster main control layer and the layer position of the mine earthquake disaster main control layer in combination with the key layer and the disaster main control layer model;

[0048] S2, according to the layer position, thickness and the information of the rock layer where the layer position of the impact disaster main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer are located, a multi-disaster layer cooperative management scheme is established, and a multi-disaster layer cooperative management scheme test is carried out on site, and the multi-disaster layer cooperative management scheme is corrected according to the test result;

[0049] S3, according to the corrected multi-disaster layer cooperative management scheme and the disaster main control layer model, the thick roof with the impact disaster main control layer or the mine earthquake disaster main control layer position is subjected to cooperative fracturing prevention and control operation;

[0050] S4, the cooperative prevention and control effect of the rock burst and mine earthquake compound disaster is tested.

[0051] The present application realizes the cooperative prevention and control of the thick roof induced rock burst and mine earthquake compound disaster by synchronous determination and cooperative management protection of the impact disaster main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer, provides a more explicit theoretical basis for the compound disaster management of the mine earthquake and the rock burst area, and reduces the problems of resource waste and low management effect caused by blindness in the compound disaster management.

[0052] In some embodiments, in S1, when the disaster main control layer is determined, the microseismic monitoring system above and below the well is combined, the microseismic events detected in a certain time are counted, the microseismic events occurring in the time period are counted and analyzed in different orders of magnitude, and the box plot and event scatter normal distribution diagram are combined to count and analyze the impact in different orders of magnitude, so as to cooperatively determine the impact disaster main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer.

[0053] In some embodiments, as Figure 4 The left box plot and event scatter normal distribution diagram show that the box plot takes the vertical height of the coal seam as the 0 scale;

[0054] The vertical distribution median value determined by the box plot is taken as the central vertical height of the impact disaster main control layer;

[0055] The vertical distribution height corresponding to the upper quartile and the lower quartile of the box plot is taken as the layer position range of the impact disaster main control layer.

[0056] Specifically, when the microseismic events are divided into different orders of magnitude, the thick roof needs to be monitored in real time before the mine earthquake causes production stoppage, the monitored vibration energy is taken as the division standard, the unit is J, 10 different powers are taken as different number levels, and the detected and the above microseismic events are counted.

[0057] And since the energy order of magnitude of the mine earthquake generated horizon is obviously higher than the energy order of magnitude detected by the impact disaster main control layer, in the box plot, the microseismic event corresponding to the mine earthquake is obviously higher than the upper quartile corresponding range, and the vertical distribution range of the microseismic event corresponding to the upper quartile is obviously higher, which is used as the range of the mine earthquake disaster main control layer.

[0058] In one embodiment, in order to further determine the horizontal well shaft arrangement range of the impact disaster main control layer during fracturing, a high position fracturing test is performed on the impact pressure area, and then microseismic monitoring is performed again in the area, and the box plot and event scatter normal distribution diagram are combined to statistically analyze the impacts of different orders of magnitude, and the microseismic event box plot after high position fracturing is obtained, as shown in the middle box plot and event scatter normal distribution diagram, and the median value in the box plot is used as the first value, and the median value of the microseismic event measured before shutdown is used as the second value, and the vertical distribution range with the first and second values as endpoints is formed, which is used as the arrangement range of the impact disaster main control layer horizontal well shaft. Figure 4

[0059] Further, after the overall treatment is completed, the microseismic events detected by the uphole and downhole microseismic monitoring system can be collected again, and the box plot and event scatter normal distribution diagram are combined to statistically analyze the impacts of different orders of magnitude, as shown in the right box plot and event scatter normal distribution diagram, and the vertical distribution range and occurrence frequency of the microseismic events after treatment are observed, and the distribution range is reduced and the occurrence frequency is reduced, which indicates that the treatment has a significant effect. Figure 4

[0060] In some embodiments, when a mine earthquake occurs, the energy order of magnitude detected by the microseismic system is high, and the distance between the mine earthquake disaster main control layer and the coal seam is greater than the distance between the impact disaster main control layer and the coal seam, and the layer where the mine earthquake occurs in the statistical time period is taken as the mine earthquake disaster main control layer, and the vertical distribution range of the mine earthquake in the statistical time period is taken as the range of the mine earthquake disaster main control layer.

[0061] In some embodiments, in S2, when the multi-disaster layer collaborative treatment scheme test is performed, a test field is selected on site, the impact disaster main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer are collaboratively treated in the thick roof of the test field according to the multi-disaster layer collaborative treatment scheme, and microseismic monitoring is performed again, a test comparison model is built according to the detection results, and the test comparison model and the disaster main control model are analyzed and compared using the box plot and event scatter normal distribution diagram, and the multi-disaster layer collaborative treatment scheme is modified according to the analysis and comparison results.

[0062] ​​In some embodiments, the optional solution in the multi-disaster layer collaborative governance scheme includes: impact disaster main control layer blasting pre-cracking technology, impact disaster main control layer regional fracturing technology, and mine shock disaster main control layer ground fracturing technology.

[0063] When selecting the multi-disaster layer collaborative governance scheme, at least one of the impact disaster main control layer blasting pre-cracking technology and the impact disaster main control layer regional fracturing technology is selected to cooperate with the mine shock disaster main control layer ground fracturing technology to collaboratively govern the impact disaster main control layer and the mine shock disaster main control layer.

[0064] The multi-disaster layer collaborative governance scheme needs to consider the layer position, layer thickness, and rock structure factors of the impact disaster main control layer and the mine shock disaster main control layer to determine the collaborative construction method for synchronous governance of the impact disaster main control layer and the mine shock disaster main control layer.

[0065] When modifying the multi-disaster layer collaborative governance scheme, the scheme is reselected.

[0066] In some embodiments, for low-position thick roof induced rock stratum of rock burst, deep hole pre-cracking blasting method can be selected for pressure relief, which reduces the energy release of thick roof and weakens the energy released in the roof breaking process to provide dynamic and static load for rock burst occurrence, thereby achieving pressure relief and rock burst prevention of low-position thick roof. The roof deep hole pre-cracking blasting method can be carried out in the two crossheading of the working face. The deep hole pre-cracking blasting technology is selected to cooperate with the mine shock disaster main control layer ground fracturing technology to collaboratively govern the impact disaster main control layer and the mine shock disaster main control layer.

[0067] In a specific embodiment, when deep hole pre-cracking blasting method is used for pressure relief, the blasting opening is 2.2 m away from the old pit slope, and multiple groups of blasting holes are arranged in the rubber transport crossheading and the auxiliary transport crossheading. Each group of blasting holes is arranged with three blasting holes (ZK1 hole, ZK2 hole and ZK3 hole), and the group spacing is 15 m, as shown in Figure 6 The information corresponding to each group of blasting holes is as follows:

[0068] The ZK1 hole is 62 m deep, the charging section is 40 m long, the charge is 140 kg, and the elevation angle is 45°.

[0069] The ZK2 hole is 62 m deep, the charging section is 40 m long, the charge is 140 kg, and the elevation angle is 60°.

[0070] The ZK3 hole is 56 m deep, the charging section is 36 m long, the charge is 126 kg, and the elevation angle is 75°.

[0071] In another embodiment, the impact disaster main control layer is far away from the coal seam, and a super deep hole pre-splitting blasting method can be selected to govern the impact disaster main control layer. In a specific embodiment, when the super deep hole blasting method is used, the blasting opening is 2.2 m away from the old pit slope, a plurality of groups of blasting holes are arranged in the glue transport groove and the auxiliary transport groove, each group is arranged with three blasting holes (ZK4 hole, ZK5 hole and ZK6 hole), the group spacing is 60 m, as shown in FIG. 8, and the information corresponding to each group of blasting holes is as follows: Figure 7

[0072] The ZK5 hole is 80 m deep, the charging section is 47 m long, the charge amount is 165 kg, and the elevation angle is 55°;

[0073] The ZK6 hole is 80 m deep, the charging section is 47 m long, the charge amount is 165 kg, and the elevation angle is 65°;

[0074] The ZK7 hole is 80 m deep, the charging section is 47 m long, the charge amount is 165 kg, and the elevation angle is 75°.

[0075] In some embodiments, the impact disaster main control layer induced by the low-thickness roof can select a regional fracturing scheme of the impact disaster main control layer. The regional fracturing technology of the impact disaster main control layer includes surface fracturing and downhole long-hole fracturing technology. The selection of the two technologies is related to the distance between the thick roof and the coal seam, the burial depth, and the fracturing parameters. The greater the rock thickness, the greater the distance between the coal seam, and the greater the burial depth, the more advantageous the surface fracturing. The downhole disaster ground treatment has higher safety, is more advanced, regional, and advanced; and the downhole long-hole fracturing is more suitable for lower disaster degree and smaller fracturing range, specifically:

[0076] The downhole regional fracturing method can not only be carried out in the two gateways of the working face, but also can be concentratedly arranged in one of the gateways of the working face, and can be cooperated with the surface fracturing technology of the mine shock disaster main control layer to cooperatively govern the impact disaster main control layer and the mine shock disaster main control layer.

[0077] The surface fracturing method of the impact disaster main control layer regional fracturing can be implemented synchronously with the surface fracturing of the mine shock disaster main control layer on the ground, and can be cooperated with the surface fracturing technology of the mine shock disaster main control layer to cooperatively govern the impact disaster main control layer and the mine shock disaster main control layer.

[0078] In some embodiments, the distance between the mine shock disaster main control layer and the coal seam is generally large, but in some cases, the distance between the mine shock disaster main control layer and the coal seam is close to the distance between the impact disaster main control layer and the coal seam. The surface fracturing technology is selected to govern the mine shock disaster main control layer.

[0079] The mine shock disaster main control layer includes an upper mine shock layer and a lower mine shock layer. The distance between the upper mine shock layer and the coal seam is greater than the distance between the lower mine shock layer and the coal seam, and the vertical distribution height of the lower mine shock layer is close to that of the impact disaster main control layer.

[0080] ​When the upper mine earthquake layer is treated by ground fracturing, the well axis of the horizontal well is in the center of the upper mine earthquake layer; at this time, the horizontal well of the impact disaster layer is in the center of the impact disaster main control layer, and the bottom surface fracturing technology of the mine earthquake disaster layer is synchronous with the treatment technology of the impact disaster layer to realize the collaborative treatment of the impact disaster layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer.

[0081] When the lower mine earthquake layer is treated by ground fracturing, the range of the impact disaster main control layer needs to be considered, and the fracturing layer range and the well axis position of the horizontal well are comprehensively determined to realize the collaborative treatment of the impact disaster main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer.

[0082] In some embodiments, when the lower mine earthquake layer is treated by ground fracturing, the determination of the fracturing layer range considering factors includes:

[0083] The layer range of the lower mine earthquake layer and the layer range of the impact disaster main control layer are obtained.

[0084] The working face mining predicted caving zone height is estimated, the fracture zone height is controlled by taking ground fracturing advanced pre-fracturing roof, and a buffer cushion layer is formed to weaken the mine earthquake induced by high roof fracture.

[0085] In the selection of the layer position of the horizontal well axis, the target layer position of each horizontal well is determined according to the comprehensive determination of all the rock columnar graphs in the treatment area.

[0086] The mine earthquake disaster main control layer and the impact disaster main control layer are treated by ground fracturing, and for different disaster layers, the "two rows and double layers" horizontal well arrangement is implemented, "double layers" means that the fracturing layers are recorded as the first fracturing layer and the second fracturing layer according to the impact disaster main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer, and "double rows" means that two rows of horizontal wells are formed in each fracturing layer for fracturing.

[0087] In the construction process, first, the first horizontal well arrangement is performed on the first fracturing layer and the second fracturing layer synchronously, and the first fracturing operation is performed; then, the second horizontal well arrangement is performed on the first fracturing layer and the second fracturing layer synchronously, and the second fracturing operation is performed.

[0088] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 5 8 horizontal wells are arranged, which are numbered as 1-8 wells, 1-4 wells are a group, and 5-8 wells are a group, and the two groups of horizontal wells are cross-arranged to cover the blind area and reduce the fracturing blind area.

[0089] When the first fracturing operation is performed, 1# well and 5# well are staggered arranged in the first fracturing layer (impact disaster main control layer), and 2# well and 6# well are staggered arranged in the second fracturing layer (mine earthquake disaster main control layer).

[0090] When the second fracturing operation is performed, the No. 3 well and the No. 7 well are staggered in the first fracturing layer (the main controlling layer of the impact disaster), and the No. 4 well and the No. 8 well are staggered in the second fracturing layer (the main controlling layer of the mine earthquake disaster).

[0091] Since the main controlling layer of the mine earthquake disaster has a large span range, the No. 2 well, the No. 4 well, the No. 6 well and the No. 8 well can have a certain height difference in the vertical direction.

[0092] In some embodiments, in S3, after the corresponding fracturing operation or blasting operation is performed according to the preliminary modified multi-disaster layer cooperative management scheme, high-strength energy-absorbing support equipment is arranged in the roadway to provide stable support force to the surrounding rock and maintain the integrity of the roadway.

[0093] The support strength and energy-absorbing capacity of the roadway support are the key to preventing and controlling the rock burst in the roadway, that is, the support not only needs to provide high support strength in the normal support state, but also needs to quickly give way to absorb energy when the surrounding rock impact occurs, and the stable support force to the surrounding rock is maintained during the giving way process to maintain the integrity of the roadway.

[0094] The energy-absorbing support for rock burst prevention not only needs to meet the requirements of the energy-absorbing support equipment, but also needs the cooperative action of the energy-absorbing support and the surrounding rock, which determines the energy-absorbing effect of the energy-absorbing support and the stress field regulation effect, and further improves the rock burst prevention and resistance to mine earthquake prevention effect.

[0095] In some embodiments, in S4, the rock burst prevention and control effect testing technology and the mine earthquake prevention and control effect testing technology are used to test the cooperative prevention and control effect of the rock burst and the mine earthquake combined disaster. The uphole and downhole microseismic monitoring system, the coal stress, and the multi-base point displacement monitoring equipment are used to monitor the working face during the mining process, and the energy release and stress evolution process of the thick roof collapse are analyzed.

[0096] Sensitive indexes for evaluating the thick roof management are proposed to evaluate the disaster-causing property of the thick roof after the management and the effectiveness of the engineering measures. The indexes include the thick roof breaking energy release strength, the large energy microseismic event energy level and frequency, the microseismic event clustering effect, the high roof breaking energy, the working face support pressure influence range, the periodic weighting step distance and the surface subsidence velocity, etc.

[0097] In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements indicated thereby must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0098] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated thereby. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second", etc. can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited.

[0099] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected or in communication with each other; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication or interaction relationship of two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0100] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature can be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "over" and "on" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or it can only mean that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "below", "under" and "under" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or it can only mean that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0101] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0102] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for collaboratively preventing and controlling combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquakes induced by thick roof, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Determine multiple key layers of the thick roof based on key layer theory, and establish a disaster-causing main control layer model using the microseismic monitoring system above and below the well. Combine the key layer and disaster-causing main control layer model to determine the layer location of the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the layer location of the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer; S2. Establish a multi-disaster-causing layer collaborative governance plan based on the position, thickness, and rock formation information of the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer, and conduct on-site multi-disaster-causing layer collaborative governance plan tests. Modify the multi-disaster-causing layer collaborative governance plan based on the test results; In S2, when conducting the collaborative governance program for multiple disaster-causing layers, a test site was selected on site. According to the collaborative governance program for multiple disaster-causing layers, collaborative governance tests were conducted on the thick roof in the test site for the impact disaster main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer. Microseismic monitoring was conducted again. Based on the test results, a test comparison model was established. The test comparison model was analyzed and compared with the disaster main control model using a combination of box plots and event scatter normal distribution plots. The collaborative governance program for multiple disaster-causing layers was revised based on the analysis and comparison results. The multi-hazard layer collaborative governance solution includes blasting pre-splitting technology for the impact-caused main control layer, regional fracturing technology for the impact-caused main control layer, and surface fracturing technology for the mine earthquake-caused main control layer. When selecting a coordinated control scheme for multiple disaster-causing layers, at least one technical scheme shall be selected from the blasting pre-splitting technology for the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the regional fracturing technology for the impact disaster-causing main control layer in combination with the ground fracturing technology for the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer, to coordinate the control of the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer; The coordinated control plan for multiple disaster-causing layers must simultaneously consider the location, layer thickness, and rock tectonic factors of the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer, so as to determine the coordinated construction method for synchronously controlling the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layer; When revising the collaborative governance plan for multiple disaster-causing layers, it includes reselecting the plan; S3. Based on the revised multi-disaster-causing layer collaborative management plan and the disaster-causing main control layer model, conduct collaborative fracturing control operations on thick roof layers with impact disaster-causing main control layers or mine earthquake disaster-causing main control layers; S4. Examine the coordinated prevention and control effects of combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquakes.

2. The method for collaboratively preventing and controlling combined disasters of rock burst and mine earthquake induced by thick roof as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, when determining the main control layer of disaster-causing factors, the microseismic monitoring systems above and below the well are combined to count the microseismic events detected within a certain period of time, and the microseismic events occurring within this period are divided and counted into different orders of magnitude. The box plot and the event scatter normal distribution diagram are combined to conduct statistical analysis on the impacts of different orders of magnitude, so as to collaboratively determine the main control layer of impact disasters and the main control layer of mine earthquake disasters.

3. The method for collaboratively preventing and controlling combined disasters of rock burst induced by thick roof and mine earthquake according to claim 2, characterized in that: The box plot uses the vertical height of the coal seam as the 0 scale; The median value of the vertical distribution determined by the box plot is used as the central vertical height of the main control layer of the impact disaster; The vertical distribution heights corresponding to the upper quartile and lower quartile of the box plot are used as the horizon range of the main control layer of the impact disaster.

4. The method for collaboratively preventing and controlling combined disasters of rock burst induced by thick roof and mine earthquake according to claim 3, characterized in that: When a mine earthquake occurs, the energy magnitude detected by the microseismic system is high, and the distance between the main control layer of the mine earthquake disaster and the coal seam is greater than the distance between the main control layer of the impact disaster and the coal seam. The layer where the mine earthquake occurs within the statistical time period is the main control layer of the mine earthquake disaster, and the vertical distribution range of the mine earthquake within the statistical time period is the layer range of the main control layer of the mine earthquake disaster.

5. The method for collaboratively preventing and controlling combined disasters of rock burst induced by thick roof and mine earthquake according to claim 1, characterized in that: In order to reduce the energy release of the thick roof and weaken the energy released during the roof breaking process to provide dynamic and static loads for the impact of rock pressure, the deep hole pre-splitting blasting method is selected to relieve the pressure in the low-lying thick roof and prevent impact. The deep hole pre-splitting blasting method of the roof is carried out in both longitudinal slots of the working face.

6. The method for collaboratively preventing and controlling combined disasters of rock burst induced by thick roof and mine earthquake according to claim 1, characterized in that: For rock bursts induced by low-lying thick roof layers, a regional fracturing scheme for the main controlling layer of rock bursts is selected. The regional fracturing technologies for the main controlling layer of rock bursts include surface fracturing and downhole long-hole fracturing. The choice of the two technologies is related to the distance between the thick roof and the coal seam, the burial depth, and the fracturing parameters. The underground regional fracturing method is carried out in the two drifts of the working face, or is concentrated in one of the tunnels of the working face, and is coordinated with the ground fracturing technology of the main control layer of mine earthquake disasters to jointly control the main control layer of impact disasters and the main control layer of mine earthquake disasters; The ground fracturing method for regional fracturing of the impact disaster main control layer and the ground fracturing of the mine earthquake disaster main control layer are implemented simultaneously on the surface, and coordinated with the ground fracturing technology of the mine earthquake disaster main control layer to jointly manage the impact disaster main control layer and the mine earthquake disaster main control layer.

7. The method for collaboratively preventing and controlling combined disasters of rock burst induced by thick roof and mine earthquake according to claim 6, characterized in that: The distance between the main control layer of mine earthquake disaster and the coal seam is large, so the surface fracturing technology is used to treat the main control layer of mine earthquake disaster; The main controlling layers of mine earthquake disasters include the upper mine earthquake layer and the lower mine earthquake layer. The distance between the upper mine earthquake layer and the coal seam is greater than that between the lower mine earthquake layer and the coal seam. When conducting surface fracturing treatment on the upper mine-seismic layer, the well axis of the horizontal well is located in the center of the upper mine-seismic layer, and the treatment is carried out synchronously with the selected impact disaster layer treatment technology to achieve coordinated treatment of the impact disaster layer and the mine-seismic disaster main control layer; When conducting surface fracturing treatment on the lower mine-seismic layer, it is necessary to simultaneously take into consideration the range of the impact disaster-causing main control layer, comprehensively determine the range of the fracturing layer and the well axis position of the horizontal well, so as to achieve coordinated treatment of the impact disaster-causing main control layer and the mine-seismic disaster-causing main control layer.

8. The method for collaboratively preventing and controlling combined disasters of rock burst induced by thick roof and mine earthquake according to claim 7, characterized in that: When conducting surface fracturing treatment on the lower mine-vibration layer, the factors to be considered in determining the range of the fracturing layer include: Obtain the horizon range of the lower mine earthquake layer and the horizon range of the main control layer of the impact disaster; Estimate the height of the expected collapse zone during mining at the working face, and control the height of the fracture zone by pre-cracking the roof with ground fracturing to form a buffer layer to reduce mining tremors easily induced by high-level roof fractures; When selecting the rock formation where the horizontal well axis is located, the target formation of each horizontal well is uniformly determined based on the histograms of all rock formations in the treatment area.

9. The method for collaboratively preventing and controlling combined disasters of rock burst induced by thick roof and mine earthquake according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, after carrying out corresponding fracturing or blasting operations according to the preliminary multi-hazard layer coordinated management plan, high-strength energy-absorbing support equipment is arranged in the tunnel to provide stable support force for the surrounding rock and maintain the integrity of the tunnel.

10. The method for collaboratively preventing and controlling combined disasters of rock burst induced by thick roof and mine earthquake according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, the rock burst prevention and control effect test technology and the mine earthquake prevention and control effect test technology are used to test the coordinated prevention and control effect of rock burst and mine earthquake combined disasters.

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