Protection device and method for mine shaft tower

Abstract

The invention discloses a protection device and method for a mine shaft tower. The protection device comprises the shaft tower and a hanging scaffold lifting device. A hanging scaffold lifting device used for lifting a hanging scaffold is installed on the shaft tower, and conical barrels are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the upper side and the lower side of the hanging scaffold. The pithead anti-falling mechanism is installed in a mine, and the pithead protection mechanism is installed on the ground. The adjustable air supply assembly is installed on the ground and the inner wall of a mine. The pithead anti-falling mechanism comprises receding assemblies, protective net assemblies and reset assemblies, the multiple receding assemblies are evenly installed on the inner wall of the mine in a circumferential array mode at equal intervals, the protective net assemblies are installed on the receding assemblies, and the reset assemblies are installed on the receding assemblies; the pithead protection mechanism comprises a fixed fence, a first blocking assembly, a second blocking assembly and a blocking assembly, the fixed fence, the first blocking assembly and the second blocking assembly are installed on the ground, and the blocking assembly is installed on the lower side of the first blocking assembly. In this way, personnel or heavy objects are prevented from falling into the mine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of protective devices, and in particular to a protective device for a mine shaft tower and a method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A mine is a tunnel connecting underground mine tunnels and the ground. A mine tower is usually built on the mine. The lifting device on the mine tower drives the hoisting platform to move in the mine to transport personnel, equipment, and minerals. Protective devices are usually installed to ensure the safety of personnel.

[0003] For example, Chinese patent CN114382308A discloses a safety protection device for the excavation of a deep foundation pit of a tower, which is provided with a protection device and an escape device. When the environmental gas in the pit is not suitable for construction workers to stay for a long time, the construction workers can hide in the escape capsule and rise with the rope lifting component to ensure the life safety of the construction workers.

[0004] However, there are safety hazards at the mine entrance. People are prone to falling when working at the edge of the entrance. In addition, there are lifting devices installed in the mine. If an additional escape device is installed, the gas stored in the escape cabin needs regular maintenance, and the overall cost is high. If people are trapped, it is difficult to provide breathable air for a long time.

[0005] Based on this, the present invention designs a protective device for a mine shaft tower and a method thereof to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a protective device and method for a mine shaft tower.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A protective device for a mine shaft tower, comprising a shaft tower and a hoisting device; further comprising a pit mouth anti-falling mechanism, a pit mouth protective mechanism and an adjustable air supply component;

[0009] The shaft tower is fixedly installed on the ground, and the shaft tower is aligned with the pit mouth of the mine; a lifting device for lifting the lifting plate is installed on the shaft tower, and the lifting plate moves in the mine, and a protective wall is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the lifting plate; cones are symmetrically fixedly installed on the upper and lower sides of the lifting plate; the pit mouth anti-fall mechanism is installed in the mine, and the pit mouth protective mechanism is installed on the ground; the adjustable air supply assembly is installed on the ground and the inner wall of the mine;

[0010] The pit mouth anti-fall mechanism comprises a yielding assembly, a protective net assembly and a reset assembly. The inner wall of the mine is evenly installed with multiple sets of yielding assemblies in a circular array with equal spacing. The protective net assembly is installed on the yielding assembly, and the reset assembly is installed on the yielding assembly.

[0011] The pit mouth protection mechanism includes a fixed fence, a first blocking assembly, a second blocking assembly and a blocking assembly. The fixed fence, the first blocking assembly and the second blocking assembly are installed on the ground, and the blocking assembly is installed on the lower side of the first blocking assembly.

[0012] Furthermore, the yielding assembly includes a scissors-type bracket, a fixed block, a straight rod and a roller, and an inner wall of the mine is provided with a mounting groove; the scissors-type bracket is composed of multiple groups of first rotating rods and second rotating rods, the end of the first rotating rod is hinged to the end of the adjacent second rotating rod, and the middle of the first rotating rod is hinged to the middle of the second rotating rod; the hinge axis in the middle of the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod is fixedly installed with a fixed block; one end of the straight rod is fixedly installed on the first inner fixed block, and the other end of the straight rod passes through the remaining fixed blocks, and the straight rod is slidingly connected to the remaining fixed blocks and the ground; the second outer fixed block is fixedly installed in the mounting groove; a roller is rotatably installed on the inner end of the straight rod; and the roller is rollingly connected to the conical cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, the protective net assembly includes a tension rope, a protective net, a net collecting rope, a mounting seat and a first guide roller, the end hinge shafts of the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod of the scissors bracket are fixedly mounted on the same tension rope; the protective net is fixedly mounted on a fixed block, the mounting seat is fixedly mounted on an inner fixed block, and the first guide roller is rotatably mounted on the mounting seat; one end of the net collecting rope is fixedly connected to the ground; the other end of the net collecting rope passes around the first guide roller and passes through the inner edge of the protective net, and then is fixedly connected to an adjacent fixed block.

[0014] Furthermore, the reset assembly includes a second guide roller, a connecting rope and a counterweight block. The second guide roller is rotatably installed on the inner side of the mounting groove, and a vertical movable groove is provided on the inner side of the mounting groove. The counterweight block moves in the movable groove, and the upper end of the counterweight block is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rope, and the other end of the connecting rope passes around the second guide roller and is fixedly connected to the first fixed block on the outside.

[0015] Furthermore, the fixed fence includes a circular fence, a dividing fence, a limit fence and a column. The circular fence, the dividing fence and the limit fence are fixedly installed on the ground outside the mine pit entrance; one end of the limit fence is fixedly connected to the circular fence, and the other end of the limit fence is fixedly installed with a column; the first blocking component and the second blocking component are respectively located on both sides of the dividing fence; an exit is formed between the circular fence and the dividing fence; an entrance is formed between the limit fence and the dividing fence; the first blocking component is located at the entrance, and the second blocking component is located at the exit.

[0016] Furthermore, the first blocking assembly includes a rotating shaft, a blocking rod, a connecting rod and a return spring. The lower end of the rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the ground, and the blocking rod is evenly and evenly fixedly installed on the upper side of the rotating shaft; the connecting rod is fixedly installed on the lower side of the rotating shaft, one end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the connecting rod, and the other end of the return spring is fixedly installed on the ground.

[0017] Furthermore, the structure of the second blocking component is consistent with that of the first blocking component, and the movement direction of the rotation axis of the second blocking component is opposite to that of the rotation axis of the first blocking component.

[0018] Furthermore, the blocking assembly includes a ratchet, a pawl, a blocking spring, a release rope, a guide wheel and an extension rod, the ratchet is fixedly mounted on the lower side of the rotating shaft, the pawl is rotatably mounted on the ground, the pawl is engaged with the ratchet, one end of the extension rod is fixedly connected to the pawl, the other end of the extension rod is fixedly connected to one end of the blocking spring, and the other end of the blocking spring is fixedly connected to the ground; the guide wheel is rotatably mounted on the ground, one end of the release rope is fixedly connected to the extension rod, and the other end of the extension rod is fixedly connected to the outer fixed block after passing around the guide wheel.

[0019] Furthermore, the adjustable air supply assembly includes a support frame, a winding roller, a baffle, a sliding block, a fan and an air supply pipe. A through groove is opened on the inner wall of the mine, and sliding grooves are symmetrically opened on the inner side of the through groove. The support frame is fixedly installed on the ground, and a winding roller driven by a motor is rotatably installed on the support frame; sliding blocks are symmetrically fixedly installed on the side of the baffle, and the sliding blocks slide within the sliding grooves in the through grooves; an air supply channel is formed between the baffle and the through groove; the fan is fixedly installed on the ground, and the output end of the fan is fixedly connected to one end of the air supply pipe, and the other end of the air supply pipe is inserted into the through groove.

[0020] In order to better achieve the purpose of the present invention, the present invention also provides a method for using a protective device for a mine shaft tower, comprising the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: When the hoisting platform is located at the lower side of the mine, the counterweight block drives the connecting rope to move, and the connecting rope drives the outer fixed block to slide on the straight rod, and the connecting rope drives the outer fixed block to unfold; thereby driving the scissor bracket to unfold, and the fixed block unfolds to drive the straight rod and the roller to extend toward the center of the mine pit; in this process, the overall length of the net collecting rope remains unchanged, and the distance between the first guide roller and the inner wall of the mine becomes longer, thereby shortening the net collecting rope between the fixed blocks, thereby tightening the inner edge of the protective net through the net collecting rope; the protective net is supported by the fixed block, the scissor bracket, the straight rod and the tension rope, and the tension rope bears the tension on the upper side of the scissor bracket when supporting heavy objects; at this time, the second blocking assembly can rotate outward at will, but the second blocking assembly is blocked by the fixed fence and cannot rotate inward; the blocking rod is blocked by the column, so that it cannot rotate outward, and at the same time, the rotating shaft is blocked by the ratchet, pawl and blocking spring at the bottom, and cannot rotate inward; thereby forming a blockage; the circular fence, the dividing fence and the limit fence constitute protection for the upper side of the mine pit;

[0022] Step 2: When the hoisting platform moves to the pit mouth, the conical cylinder contacts the roller, thereby pushing the roller and the straight rod to move horizontally, causing the scissor bracket to retract; during this process, the overall length of the net collecting rope remains unchanged, and the distance between the first guide roller and the inner wall of the mine becomes shorter, thereby making the net collecting rope between the fixed blocks longer, and the net collecting rope no longer tightens the inner edge of the protective net, facilitating the retraction of the protective net; the scissor bracket retracts, driving the outer fixed block to move, and the fixed block drives the counterweight block to move vertically upward through the connecting rope, completing the avoidance; at the same time, the outer fixed block drives the extension rod to move through the release rope, and the extension rod drives the pawl to rotate, thereby causing the pawl to disengage from the ratchet; the pawl no longer blocks the ratchet from rotating inward, thereby allowing the rotating shaft and the stop rod to rotate inward;

[0023] Step three: After the hoisting platform stops at the pit entrance, the personnel leave through the second blocking component, and the outside personnel push the blocking rod to enter. The rotation of the rotating shaft drives the connecting rod to rotate, and the reset spring is stretched; after the personnel have entered, the reset spring resets and drives the connecting rod to reset, thereby driving the rotating shaft to rotate until the blocking rod on the rotating shaft is blocked by the column.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The shaft tower is constructed on the ground and located on the upper side of the mine. The lifting platform is lifted by the lifting device on the shaft tower, and the lifting platform carries personnel and equipment for movement; a fixed fence, a first blocking component and a second blocking component are used to form protection for the periphery of the mine opening, wherein the first blocking component is located at the entrance of the fixed fence, and the second blocking component is located at the exit of the fixed fence; when the lifting platform is not at the position of the mine opening, the yielding component is in an unfolded state with the cooperation of the protective net component, thereby driving the protective net component to unfold, and the yielding component is used to support the protective net component, thereby preventing personnel from accidentally falling when performing operations around the pit opening; when the lifting platform moves to the pit opening position, The conical cylinder and the protective wall on the outside of the hanging tray contact and squeeze the clearance component, so that the clearance component is compressed, and the protective net component shrinks at the same time, forming a clearance, which does not block the movement of the hanging tray; then the personnel in the fixed fence can leave through the second blocking component, and the outside personnel can enter the fixed fence through the first blocking component; when the hanging tray is not at the pit mouth, the first blocking component is locked by the blocking component and the fixed fence, so that the first blocking component is blocked outside the fixed fence, and the first blocking component is in a locked state, thereby preventing personnel or mine cars from sliding into the mine; when the hanging tray moves to the pit mouth, the conical cylinder drives the clearance component to shrink, and the shrinkage of the clearance component drives the blocking component to unlock, so that the first blocking component can be rotated to facilitate personnel to enter;

[0025] 2. In special circumstances, such as when the lower mine tunnel is blocked and the air cannot flow, there is a large amount of harmful gas in the mine tunnel and the mine. At this time, personnel move upward under the drive of the hanging platform. In order to ensure the safety of personnel in the mine, according to the position of the hanging platform, an air supply channel is quickly formed to the position of the hanging platform or the position where the personnel are trapped through the adjustable air supply component. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 A three-dimensional protective device for a mine shaft tower of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a front view of a protective device for a mine shaft tower of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the hanging plate and its connection structure;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the winding roller and its connection structure;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the protective net and its connection structure;

[0032] Figure 6 for Figure 4 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the scissor bracket and its connection structure;

[0034] Figure 8 for Figure 5 The enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0035] Fig. 9 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0036] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the ratchet and its connection structure.

[0037] The numbers in the figure represent:

[0038] 1. Shaft tower; 11. Mine; 2. Hoisting device for hoisting platform; 21. Hoisting platform; 211. Conical cylinder; 3. Anti-fall mechanism at pit mouth; 31. Displacement assembly; 311. Mounting slot; 312. Scissor bracket; 313. Fixed block; 314. Straight rod; 315. Roller; 32. Protective net assembly; 321. Tension rope; 322. Protective net; 323. Net collection rope; 324. Mounting seat; 325. First guide roller; 33. Reset assembly; 331. Second guide roller; 332. Connecting rope; 333. Counterweight; 334. Moving slot; 4. Pit mouth protection mechanism; 41. Fixed Fence; 411, circular fence; 412, dividing fence; 413, limiting fence; 414, column; 42, first blocking component; 421, rotating shaft; 422, blocking rod; 423, connecting rod; 424, reset spring; 43, second blocking component; 44, blocking component; 441, ratchet; 442, pawl; 443, blocking spring; 444, release rope; 445, guide wheel; 446, extension rod; 5, adjustable air supply component; 51, through slot; 53, support frame; 54, winding roller; 55, blocking piece; 56, slider; 57, fan; 58, air supply duct. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] The terms “left”, “right”, “front”, “back”, “up” and “down” mentioned in the following description are oriented in the viewing direction of the front view.

[0041] Embodiment 1: In some embodiments, please refer to the drawings of the specification Figure 1-Figure 5 , a protective device for a mine shaft tower, comprising a shaft tower 1, a hoisting device 2; and also comprising a pit mouth anti-falling mechanism 3, a pit mouth protective mechanism 4 and an adjustable air supply component 5;

[0042] The shaft tower 1 is fixedly installed on the ground, and the shaft tower 1 is aligned with the pit mouth of the mine 11; a lifting device 2 for lifting a lifting plate 21 is installed on the shaft tower 1, and the lifting plate 21 moves in the mine 11, and a protective wall is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the lifting plate 21; cones 211 are symmetrically fixedly installed on the upper and lower sides of the lifting plate 21; the pit mouth anti-fall mechanism 3 is installed in the mine 11, and the pit mouth protection mechanism 4 is installed on the ground; the adjustable air supply component 5 is installed on the ground and the inner wall of the mine 11;

[0043] The pit mouth anti-fall mechanism 3 includes a yielding assembly 31, a protective net assembly 32 and a reset assembly 33. The inner wall of the mine 11 is evenly and evenly installed with multiple sets of yielding assemblies 31 in a circular array, the protective net assembly 32 is installed on the yielding assembly 31, and the reset assembly 33 is installed on the yielding assembly 31;

[0044] The pit mouth protection mechanism 4 includes a fixed fence 41, a first blocking assembly 42, a second blocking assembly 43 and a blocking assembly 44. The fixed fence 41, the first blocking assembly 42 and the second blocking assembly 43 are installed on the ground, and the blocking assembly 44 is installed on the lower side of the first blocking assembly 42.

[0045] The hanging plate lifting device 2 is configured as a mining hoist, which is a commercially available mature equipment in this field.

[0046] In this embodiment, when the protective device for the mine tower is working normally, the tower 1 is built on the ground and located on the upper side of the mine 11. The lifting platform 21 is lifted by the lifting device 2 on the tower 1, and the lifting platform 21 carries people and equipment for movement; the fixed fence 41, the first blocking component 42 and the second blocking component 43 form a protection for the periphery of the pit mouth of the mine 11, wherein the first blocking component 42 is located at the entrance of the fixed fence 41, and the second blocking component 43 is located at the exit of the fixed fence 41; when the lifting platform 21 is not in the pit of the mine 11 When the pit mouth is reached, the yielding assembly 31 is in an unfolded state with the cooperation of the protection net assembly 32, thereby driving the protection net assembly 32 to be unfolded, and the yielding assembly 31 supports the protection net assembly 32, thereby preventing personnel from accidentally falling when performing operations around the pit mouth; when the hanging plate 21 moves to the pit mouth position, the conical cylinder 211 and the protection wall outside the hanging plate 21 contact and squeeze the yielding assembly 31, so that the yielding assembly 31 is compressed, and at the same time the protection net assembly 32 contracts, forming a yielding state, which does not block the movement of the hanging plate 21; The personnel in the rear fixed fence 41 can leave through the second blocking assembly 43, and the outside personnel can enter the fixed fence 41 through the first blocking assembly 42; when the hanging plate 21 is not at the pit mouth, the first blocking assembly 42 is locked by the blocking assembly 44 and the fixed fence 41, so that the first blocking assembly 42 is blocked outside the fixed fence 41, and the first blocking assembly 42 is in a locked state, thereby preventing personnel or mine cars from sliding into the mine 11; when the hanging plate 21 moves to the pit mouth position, the conical cylinder 211 drives the yield assembly 31 to retract, and the yield assembly The contraction of the component 31 drives the blocking component 44 to unlock, thereby allowing the first blocking component 42 to rotate, making it easier for personnel to enter; in special circumstances, such as when the lower mine tunnel of the mine 11 is blocked and air cannot flow, there is a large amount of harmful gas in the mine tunnel and the mine 11. At this time, the personnel move upward under the drive of the hanging plate 21. To ensure the safety of the personnel in the mine 11, according to the position of the hanging plate 21, an air supply channel is quickly formed to the position of the hanging plate 21 or the position where the personnel are trapped through the adjustable air supply component 5; thereby evacuating the harmful gas.

[0047] Embodiment 2: In some embodiments, Figure 1-Figure 10 As shown, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the yielding assembly 31 includes a scissor bracket 312, a fixed block 313, a straight rod 314 and a roller 315, and a mounting groove 311 is provided on the inner wall of the mine 11; the scissor bracket 312 is composed of a plurality of first rotating rods and second rotating rods, the end of the first rotating rod is hinged to the end of the adjacent second rotating rod, and the middle of the first rotating rod is hinged to the middle of the second rotating rod; the hinge shaft in the middle of the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod is fixedly installed with a fixed block 313; one end of the straight rod 314 is fixedly installed on the first inner fixed block 313, and the other end of the straight rod 314 passes through the remaining fixed blocks 313, and the straight rod 314 is slidingly connected with the remaining fixed blocks 313 and the earth; the second outer fixed block 313 is fixedly installed in the mounting groove 311; the inner end of the straight rod 314 is rotatably installed with a roller 315; the roller 315 is rollingly connected with the conical cylinder 211;

[0048] The protective net assembly 32 includes a tension rope 321, a protective net 322, a net collection rope 323, a mounting seat 324 and a first guide roller 325. The end hinge shafts of the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod of the scissor bracket 312 are fixedly mounted on the same tension rope 321; the protective net 322 is fixedly mounted on the fixed block 313, the mounting seat 324 is fixedly mounted on the inner fixed block 313, and the first guide roller 325 is rotatably mounted on the mounting seat 324; one end of the net collection rope 323 is fixedly connected to the ground; the other end of the net collection rope 323 passes through the inner edge of the protective net 322 after bypassing the first guide roller 325, and then is fixedly connected to the adjacent fixed block 313;

[0049] The reset assembly 33 includes a second guide roller 331, a connecting rope 332 and a counterweight block 333. The second guide roller 331 is rotatably installed on the inner side of the mounting groove 311. A vertical movable groove 334 is provided on the inner side of the mounting groove 311. The counterweight block 333 moves in the movable groove 334. The upper end of the counterweight block 333 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rope 332. The other end of the connecting rope 332 passes around the second guide roller 331 and is fixedly connected to the first fixed block 313 on the outside.

[0050] The fixed fence 41 includes a circular fence 411, a partition fence 412, a limit fence 413 and a column 414. The circular fence 411, the partition fence 412 and the limit fence 413 are fixedly installed on the ground outside the pit mouth of the mine 11; one end of the limit fence 413 is fixedly connected to the circular fence 411, and the other end of the limit fence 413 is fixedly installed with a column 414; the first blocking component 42 and the second blocking component 43 are respectively located on both sides of the partition fence 412;

[0051] An exit is formed between the circular fence 411 and the partition fence 412; an entrance is formed between the limit fence 413 and the partition fence 412; the first blocking component 42 is located at the entrance, and the second blocking component 43 is located at the exit;

[0052] The first blocking assembly 42 includes a rotating shaft 421, a blocking rod 422, a connecting rod 423 and a return spring 424. The lower end of the rotating shaft 421 is rotatably mounted on the ground, and the blocking rods 422 are evenly and evenly fixedly mounted on the upper side of the rotating shaft 421; the connecting rod 423 is fixedly mounted on the lower side of the rotating shaft 421, one end of the return spring 424 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 423, and the other end of the return spring 424 is fixedly mounted on the ground;

[0053] The structure of the second blocking component 43 is consistent with that of the first blocking component 42, and the movement direction of the rotating shaft 421 of the second blocking component 43 is opposite to that of the rotating shaft 421 of the first blocking component 42;

[0054] The blocking assembly 44 includes a ratchet 441, a pawl 442, a blocking spring 443, a release rope 444, a guide wheel 445 and an extension rod 446. The ratchet 441 is fixedly mounted on the lower side of the rotating shaft 421, the pawl 442 is rotatably mounted on the ground, the pawl 442 is engaged with the ratchet 441, one end of the extension rod 446 is fixedly connected to the pawl 442, the other end of the extension rod 446 is fixedly connected to one end of the blocking spring 443, and the other end of the blocking spring 443 is fixedly connected to the ground; the guide wheel 445 is rotatably mounted on the ground, one end of the release rope 444 is fixedly connected to the extension rod 446, and the other end of the extension rod 446 is fixedly connected to the outer fixed block 313 after passing around the guide wheel 445;

[0055] The adjustable air supply component 5 includes a support frame 53, a winding roller 54, a baffle 55, a slider 56, a fan 57 and an air supply pipe 58. A through slot 51 is provided on the inner wall of the mine 11, and slide slots are symmetrically provided on the inner side of the through slot 51. The support frame 53 is fixedly installed on the ground, and a winding roller 54 driven by a motor is rotatably installed on the support frame 53; slide slots 56 are symmetrically fixedly installed on the side of the baffle 55, and the slide slots 56 slide within the slide slots in the through slot 51; an air supply channel is formed between the baffle 55 and the through slot 51; the fan 57 is fixedly installed on the ground, and the output end of the fan 57 is fixedly connected to one end of the air supply pipe 58, and the other end of the air supply pipe 58 is inserted into the through slot 51.

[0056] In this embodiment, when the hanging plate 21 is located at the lower side of the mine 11, the counterweight block 333 drives the connecting rope 332 to move, and the connecting rope 332 drives the outer fixed block 313 to slide on the straight rod 314, and the connecting rope 332 drives the outer fixed block 313 to expand; thereby driving the scissor bracket 312 to expand, and the fixed block 313 expands to drive the straight rod 314 and the roller 315 to extend toward the center of the pit mouth of the mine 11; in this process, the overall length of the net collecting rope 323 remains unchanged, and the distance between the first guide roller 325 and the inner wall of the mine 11 becomes longer, thereby shortening the net collecting rope 323 between the fixed block 313, thereby tightening the inner edge of the protective net 322 through the net collecting rope 323; the protective net 322 is supported by the fixed block 313, the scissor bracket 312, the straight rod 314 and the tension rope 321, and the tension rope 321 bears the tension on the upper side of the scissor bracket 312 when supporting heavy objects;

[0057] At this time, the second blocking assembly 43 can rotate outward at will, but the second blocking assembly 43 is blocked by the fixed fence 41 and cannot rotate inward; the blocking rod 422 is blocked by the column 414 and cannot rotate outward, and at the same time, the rotating shaft 421 is blocked by the ratchet 441, the pawl 442 and the blocking spring 443 at the bottom and cannot rotate inward; thus forming a blockage; the circular fence 411, the partition fence 412 and the limit fence 413 constitute protection for the upper side of the pit mouth of the mine 11;

[0058] When the hoisting platform 21 moves to the pit mouth, the conical cylinder 211 contacts the roller 315, thereby pushing the roller 315 and the straight rod 314 to move horizontally, so that the scissor bracket 312 shrinks; during this process, the overall length of the net-collecting rope 323 remains unchanged, and the distance between the first guide roller 325 and the inner wall of the mine 11 becomes shorter, so that the net-collecting rope 323 between the fixed block 313 becomes longer, and the net-collecting rope 323 no longer tightens the inner edge of the protective net 322, which facilitates the collection of the protective net 322. The scissor bracket 312 contracts, driving the outer fixed block 313 to move, and the fixed block 313 drives the counterweight block 333 to move vertically upward through the connecting rope 332; the avoidance is completed; at the same time, the outer fixed block 313 drives the extension rod 446 to move through the release rope 444, and the extension rod 446 drives the pawl 442 to rotate, so that the pawl 442 is disengaged from the ratchet 441; the pawl 442 no longer blocks the ratchet 441 from rotating inwardly; so that the rotating shaft 421 and the blocking rod 422 can rotate inwardly;

[0059] After the hoisting platform 21 stops at the pit mouth, the personnel leave through the second blocking assembly 43, and the outside personnel push the blocking rod 422 to enter, the rotating shaft 421 rotates to drive the connecting rod 423 to rotate, and the reset spring 424 stretches; after the personnel have entered, the reset spring 424 resets to drive the connecting rod 423 to reset, thereby driving the rotating shaft 421 to rotate until the blocking rod 422 on the rotating shaft 421 is blocked by the column 414;

[0060] When special circumstances occur, the winding roller 54 drives the baffle 55 to move in the through slot 51, and the baffle 55 moves vertically inside the through slot 51 through the slider 56; until the lower edge of the baffle 55 is located at the position of the hanging plate 21; thereby, through the cooperation of the through slot 51 and the baffle 55, an air supply channel is quickly formed to the designated position; the fan 57 supplies air between the through slot 51 and the baffle 55 through the air supply pipe 58, thereby quickly providing fresh air to the trapped persons.

[0061] Embodiment 3: In some embodiments, Figure 1-Figure 10 As shown, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a method for using a protective device for a mine shaft tower comprises the following steps:

[0062] Step 1: When the hanging platform 21 is located at the lower side of the mine 11, the counterweight block 333 drives the connecting rope 332 to move, and the connecting rope 332 drives the outer fixed block 313 to slide on the straight rod 314, and the connecting rope 332 drives the outer fixed block 313 to expand; thereby driving the scissor bracket 312 to expand, and the fixed block 313 expands to drive the straight rod 314 and the roller 315 to extend toward the center of the pit mouth of the mine 11; in this process, the overall length of the net-collecting rope 323 remains unchanged, and the distance between the first guide roller 325 and the inner wall of the mine 11 becomes longer, thereby shortening the net-collecting rope 323 between the fixed blocks 313, thereby tightening the inner edge of the protective net 322 through the net-collecting rope 323; The protective net 322 is supported by the fixed block 313, the scissor bracket 312, the straight rod 314 and the tension rope 321, and the tension rope 321 bears the tension on the upper side of the scissor bracket 312 when supporting heavy objects; at this time, the second blocking component 43 can rotate outward at will, but the second blocking component 43 is blocked by the fixed fence 41 and cannot rotate inward; the blocking rod 422 is blocked by the column 414, so that it cannot rotate outward, and at the same time, the rotating shaft 421 is blocked by the ratchet 441, the pawl 442 and the blocking spring 443 at the bottom, and cannot rotate inward; thus forming a blockage; the circular fence 411, the partition fence 412 and the limit fence 413 constitute protection for the upper side of the pit mouth of the mine 11;

[0063] Step 2: When the hoisting plate 21 moves to the pit mouth, the conical cylinder 211 contacts the roller 315, thereby pushing the roller 315 and the straight rod 314 to move horizontally, so that the scissor bracket 312 shrinks; during this process, the overall length of the net-collecting rope 323 remains unchanged, and the distance between the first guide roller 325 and the inner wall of the mine 11 becomes shorter, so that the net-collecting rope 323 between the fixed block 313 becomes longer, and the net-collecting rope 323 no longer tightens the inner edge of the protective net 322; 2 Contraction; the scissor bracket 312 contracts, driving the outer fixed block 313 to move, and the fixed block 313 drives the counterweight block 333 to move vertically upward through the connecting rope 332; the avoidance is completed; at the same time, the outer fixed block 313 drives the extension rod 446 to move through the release rope 444, and the extension rod 446 drives the pawl 442 to rotate, so that the pawl 442 is disengaged from the ratchet 441; the pawl 442 no longer blocks the ratchet 441 from rotating inward; so that the rotating shaft 421 and the blocking rod 422 can rotate inward;

[0064] Step three: After the hoisting platform 21 stops at the pit mouth, the personnel leave through the second blocking component 43, and the outside personnel push the blocking rod 422 to enter. The rotating shaft 421 rotates to drive the connecting rod 423 to rotate, and the reset spring 424 is stretched; after the personnel have entered, the reset spring 424 resets to drive the connecting rod 423 to reset, thereby driving the rotating shaft 421 to rotate until the blocking rod 422 on the rotating shaft 421 is blocked by the column 414.

[0065] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. Such modifications or replacements will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A protective device for a mine shaft tower, comprising a shaft tower (1), a hoisting device (2); a pit mouth anti-falling mechanism (3), a pit mouth protection mechanism (4) and an adjustable air supply component (5), characterized in that: The shaft tower (1) is fixedly mounted on the ground, and the shaft tower (1) is aligned with the pit mouth of the mine (11); a tray lifting device (2) for lifting a hanging tray (21) is installed on the shaft tower (1); the hanging tray (21) moves in the mine (11), and a protective wall is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the hanging tray (21); cone-shaped cylinders (211) are symmetrically fixedly mounted on the upper and lower sides of the hanging tray (21); a pit mouth anti-falling mechanism (3) is installed in the mine (11), and a pit mouth protective mechanism (4) is installed on the ground; an adjustable air supply component (5) is installed on the ground and the inner wall of the mine (11); The pit mouth anti-fall mechanism (3) comprises a clearance component (31), a protective net component (32) and a reset component (33); a plurality of sets of clearance components (31) are evenly installed at equal intervals in a circular array on the inner wall of the mine (11); the protective net component (32) is installed on the clearance component (31); and the reset component (33) is installed on the clearance component (31); The pit mouth protection mechanism (4) comprises a fixed fence (41), a first blocking assembly (42), a second blocking assembly (43) and a blocking assembly (44); the fixed fence (41), the first blocking assembly (42) and the second blocking assembly (43) are installed on the ground, and the blocking assembly (44) is installed on the lower side of the first blocking assembly (42).

2. The protective device for a mine shaft tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The yielding assembly (31) comprises a scissor bracket (312), a fixing block (313), a straight rod (314) and a roller (315); an inner wall of the mine (11) is provided with a mounting groove (311); the scissor bracket (312) is composed of a plurality of first rotating rods and second rotating rods, the ends of the first rotating rods are hinged to the ends of the adjacent second rotating rods, and the middle of the first rotating rods is hinged to the middle of the second rotating rods; the fixing block (314) is fixedly mounted on the hinge shaft in the middle of the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod 3); one end of the straight rod (314) is fixedly mounted on the first inner fixing block (313), the other end of the straight rod (314) passes through the remaining fixing blocks (313), and the straight rod (314) is slidingly connected to the remaining fixing blocks (313) and the ground; the second outer fixing block (313) is fixedly mounted in the mounting groove (311); a roller (315) is rotatably mounted on the inner end of the straight rod (314); the roller (315) is rollingly connected to the conical cylinder (211).

3. The protective device for a mine shaft tower according to claim 2, characterized in that: The protective net assembly (32) comprises a tension rope (321), a protective net (322), a net collection rope (323), a mounting seat (324) and a first guide roller (325); the end hinge shafts of the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod of the scissor bracket (312) are fixedly mounted on the same tension rope (321); the protective net (322) is fixedly mounted on the fixed block (313); the mounting seat (324) is fixedly mounted on the inner fixed block (313); the first guide roller (325) is rotatably mounted on the mounting seat (324); one end of the net collection rope (323) is fixedly connected to the ground; the other end of the net collection rope (323) passes through the inner edge of the protective net (322) after bypassing the first guide roller (325), and then is fixedly connected to the adjacent fixed block (313).

4. The protective device for a mine shaft tower according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reset assembly (33) comprises a second guide roller (331), a connecting rope (332) and a counterweight (333); the second guide roller (331) is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the mounting groove (311); a vertical moving groove (334) is provided on the inner side of the mounting groove (311); the counterweight (333) moves in the moving groove (334); the upper end of the counterweight (333) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rope (332); the other end of the connecting rope (332) passes around the second guide roller (331) and is fixedly connected to the first fixed block (313) on the outer side.

5. The protective device for a mine shaft tower according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixed fence (41) comprises a circular fence (411), a partition fence (412), a limit fence (413) and a column (414); the circular fence (411), the partition fence (412) and the limit fence (413) are fixedly installed on the ground outside the pit mouth of the mine (11); one end of the limit fence (413) is fixedly connected to the circular fence (411), and the other end of the limit fence (413) is fixedly installed with a column (414); the first blocking component (42) and the second blocking component (43) are respectively located on both sides of the partition fence (412); an exit is formed between the circular fence (411) and the partition fence (412); an entrance is formed between the limit fence (413) and the partition fence (412); the first blocking component (42) is located at the entrance, and the second blocking component (43) is located at the exit.

6. The protective device for a mine shaft tower according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first blocking assembly (42) comprises a rotating shaft (421), a blocking rod (422), a connecting rod (423) and a return spring (424); the lower end of the rotating shaft (421) is rotatably mounted on the ground, and the blocking rods (422) are evenly and evenly fixedly mounted on the upper side of the rotating shaft (421); the connecting rod (423) is fixedly mounted on the lower side of the rotating shaft (421), one end of the return spring (424) is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (423), and the other end of the return spring (424) is fixedly mounted on the ground.

7. The protective device for a mine shaft tower according to claim 6, characterized in that: The structure of the second blocking component (43) is consistent with that of the first blocking component (42), and the movement direction of the rotating shaft (421) of the second blocking component (43) and the rotating shaft (421) of the first blocking component (42) are opposite.

8. The protective device for a mine shaft tower according to claim 7, characterized in that: The blocking assembly (44) comprises a ratchet (441), a pawl (442), a blocking spring (443), a release rope (444), a guide wheel (445) and an extension rod (446); the ratchet (441) is fixedly mounted on the lower side of the rotating shaft (421); the pawl (442) is rotatably mounted on the ground; the pawl (442) is engaged with the ratchet (441); one end of the extension rod (446) is fixedly connected to the pawl (442); the other end of the extension rod (446) is fixedly connected to one end of the blocking spring (443); and the other end of the blocking spring (443) is fixedly connected to the ground; the guide wheel (445) is rotatably mounted on the ground; one end of the release rope (444) is fixedly connected to the extension rod (446); and the other end of the extension rod (446) is fixedly connected to the outer fixed block (313) after passing around the guide wheel (445).

9. The protective device for a mine shaft tower according to claim 8, characterized in that: The adjustable air supply component (5) comprises a support frame (53), a winding roller (54), a baffle (55), a slider (56), a fan (57) and an air supply pipe (58). A through groove (51) is provided on the inner wall of the mine (11), and a slide groove is symmetrically provided on the inner side of the through groove (51). The support frame (53) is fixedly installed on the ground, and a winding roller (54) driven by a motor is rotatably installed on the support frame (53); a slider (56) is symmetrically fixedly installed on the side of the baffle (55), and the slider (56) slides in a limited position in the slide groove in the through groove (51); an air supply channel is formed between the baffle (55) and the through groove (51); the fan (57) is fixedly installed on the ground, and the output end of the fan (57) is fixedly connected to one end of the air supply pipe (58), and the other end of the air supply pipe (58) is inserted into the through groove (51).

10. A method of use, using the protective device for a mine shaft tower according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: When the hanging plate (21) is located at the lower side of the mine (11), the counterweight block (333) drives the connecting rope (332) to move, and the connecting rope (332) drives the outer fixed block (313) to slide on the straight rod (314), and the connecting rope (332) drives the outer fixed block (313) to unfold; thereby driving the scissor bracket (312) to unfold, and the unfolding of the fixed block (313) drives the straight rod (314) and the roller (315) to extend toward the center of the pit mouth of the mine (11); in this process, the overall length of the net-collecting rope (323) remains unchanged, and the distance between the first guide roller (325) and the inner wall of the mine (11) of the net-collecting rope (323) becomes longer, thereby shortening the net-collecting rope (323) between the fixed blocks (313), thereby tightening the inner edge of the protective net (322) through the net-collecting rope (323). The protective net (322) is supported by a fixed block (313), a scissor bracket (312), a straight rod (314) and a tension rope (321), and the tension rope (321) bears the tension on the upper side of the scissor bracket (312) when supporting heavy objects; at this time, the second blocking component (43) can rotate outward at will, but the second blocking component (43) is blocked by the fixed fence (41) and cannot rotate inward; the blocking rod (422) is blocked by the column (414) and cannot rotate outward, and at the same time, the rotating shaft (421) is blocked by the ratchet (441), the pawl (442) and the blocking spring (443) at the bottom and cannot rotate inward; thus forming a blockage; the circular fence (411), the partition fence (412) and the limit fence (413) constitute protection for the upper side of the pit mouth of the mine (11); Step 2: When the hanging plate (21) moves to the pit mouth, the conical cylinder (211) contacts the roller (315), thereby pushing the roller (315) and the straight rod (314) to move horizontally, so that the scissor bracket (312) contracts; during this process, the overall length of the net-collecting rope (323) remains unchanged, and the distance between the first guide roller (325) and the inner wall of the mine (11) becomes shorter, so that the net-collecting rope (323) between the fixed block (313) becomes longer, and the net-collecting rope (323) no longer tightens the inner edge of the protective net (322); it is convenient for the protective net (322) to Contraction; the scissor bracket (312) contracts, driving the outer fixed block (313) to move, and the fixed block (313) drives the counterweight block (333) to move vertically upward through the connecting rope (332); the avoidance is completed; at the same time, the outer fixed block (313) drives the extension rod (446) to move through the release rope (444), and the extension rod (446) drives the pawl (442) to rotate, so that the pawl (442) is disengaged from the ratchet (441); the pawl (442) no longer blocks the ratchet (441) from rotating inward; thereby, the rotating shaft (421) and the blocking rod (422) can rotate inward; Step 3: After the hoisting platform (21) stops at the pit entrance, the personnel leave through the second blocking assembly (43), and the external personnel push the blocking rod (422) to enter, the rotating shaft (421) rotates to drive the connecting rod (423) to rotate, and the return spring (424) is stretched; After the personnel have entered, the reset spring (424) is reset to drive the connecting rod (423) to reset, thereby driving the rotating shaft (421) to rotate until the blocking rod (422) on the rotating shaft (421) is blocked by the column (414).

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