Roof cutting pressure relief gob-side entry retaining roadside supporting device

Abstract

The invention discloses a roof-cutting pressure-relief gob-side entry retaining roadside supporting device, and belongs to the technical field of coal mining. The supporting device comprises a fixed seat, an anchoring assembly, a movable seat, a jacking hydraulic cylinder, a locking assembly and a transverse supporting assembly. The whole device is firmly supported between the top face and the bottom face of a roadway through the anchoring assembly, the moving base and the jacking hydraulic cylinder, and large transverse loads are borne; the whole device transversely abuts against the side wall of the roadway with a certain pre-tightening force by inflating the transverse supporting assembly. Therefore, the supporting device resists a transverse impact load through the cooperation of relatively strong transverse load resistance, the pre-tightening force of the transverse supporting assembly and the elasticity of the air bag; the technical problem that an existing roadside supporting structure is difficult to resist transverse impact dynamic loads is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mining, and in particular relates to a roadside support device for a gob-side roadway retaining with top cutting and pressure relief. Background Art

[0002] The technology of removing pressure from the top and leaving the gob is a coal pillar-free mining technology, which aims to recover the safety coal pillars reserved in traditional mining methods. This technology implements advance pre-cracking of the gob-side gob roof during mining at the working face, and uses the periodic pressure of the mining field roof to cut the gob roof down along the pre-cracking surface beside the gob, forming a supporting structure for the overlying old roof beam, thereby reducing the surrounding rock pressure of the gob-side gob and effectively controlling the stability of the gob roof. The key to the success of the technology of removing pressure from the top and leaving the gob lies in the gob side support, the gob inside support and the gob outside cutting the top. Among them, the gob side support mainly refers to the use of a rock retaining structure to support the side wall of the retained gob to resist the pressure load caused by the collapse of the old roof or other factors in the gob.

[0003] The existing side tunnel support mainly adopts a structure that integrates U-shaped steel and metal mesh to block gangue. This structure can only withstand a certain static load in the lateral direction. However, for the technology of cutting the top to relieve pressure and retaining the goaf along the goaf, the old roof of the goaf will collapse after cutting the top. The collapse of the old roof will produce a large lateral impact dynamic load. The existing side tunnel support structure is difficult to resist this lateral impact dynamic load, and there are certain safety hazards. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and proposes a roadside support device for gob-side entry retention with top cutting and pressure relief; solves the problem that the existing roadside support structure is difficult to resist lateral impact dynamic load; the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A roadside support device for gob-side lane retention with top cutting and pressure relief, comprising a fixed seat, an anchoring assembly, a movable seat, a lifting hydraulic cylinder, a locking assembly and a cross brace assembly; The anchor assembly includes an anchor plate, which is movably connected to the bottom of the fixing seat, and the anchor plate is connected to an anchor driving member; the anchor driving member drives the anchor plate to move relative to the fixing seat so as to have an anchoring state pre-tightened against the bottom surface of the laneway behind the fixing seat and a storage state detached from the bottom surface of the laneway behind the fixing seat; a plurality of crimping units are evenly distributed on the lower surface of the anchor plate, and the crimping units include a pressing plate and a connecting spring, the upper end of the connecting spring is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the anchor plate, and the lower end of the connecting spring is fixedly connected to the pressing plate; The movable seat comprises a movable plate and a top support structure, wherein the movable plate is vertically slidably connected to the top of the fixed seat, and the top support structure is fixed to the top of the movable seat; the top support structure comprises a mounting plate and a top plate, wherein the mounting plate is fixed to the top of the movable plate, and the top plate is supported above the mounting plate by an elastic member; The cylinder body of the lifting hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the fixing seat, and the top end of the piston rod of the lifting hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the mounting plate; The locking assembly is connected between the fixed seat and the movable seat and is used to prevent the movable seat from sliding down; The cross brace assembly includes a plurality of first supporting airbags and a plurality of second supporting airbags, wherein the first supporting airbags are evenly distributed on the front surface of the fixing seat, and the second supporting airbags are evenly distributed on the front surface of the movable plate, and the second supporting airbags are detachably connected to the movable plate.

[0005] Furthermore, the anchoring drive component includes a driving motor and an arc-shaped bar frame, the housing of the driving motor is fixed on the fixing seat and a driving gear is sleeved and fixed on the output shaft, a single-side arc surface of the arc-shaped bar frame is provided with a transmission tooth and the transmission tooth is meshed with the driving gear, the bottom end of the arc-shaped bar frame is hinged to the anchor plate, and the anchor plate is also hinged with a first connecting rod, an end of the first connecting rod away from the anchor plate is hinged to a second connecting rod, and an end of the second connecting rod away from the first connecting rod is hinged to the output shaft of the driving motor.

[0006] Furthermore, the elastic member includes a main spring and multiple auxiliary springs, the two ends of the main spring are fixedly connected to the middle of the top plate and the middle of the mounting plate respectively, the multiple auxiliary springs are distributed around the main spring and are all inserted with fixed shafts, the upper end of the fixed shaft is fixedly connected to the top plate, and the lower end of the fixed shaft passes through the mounting plate and a movable gap is reserved between the mounting plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the locking assembly includes a locking cylinder and a movable frame, the cylinder body of the locking cylinder is fixed on the fixed seat and the piston rod faces forward, the front end of the piston rod of the locking cylinder is fixed with push rods arranged on the left and right, the movable frame is fixed under the mounting plate, the movable frame is slidably connected to the fixed seat, the movable frame is provided with a combined sliding hole, the combined sliding hole includes a guide strip hole located vertically and a locking strip hole located at the bottom end of the guide strip hole and horizontally arranged, the push rod is placed in the combined sliding hole, and the locking cylinder drives the push rod to move forward into the locking strip hole to achieve locking.

[0008] Furthermore, the combined sliding hole also includes a guide hole connected between the guide strip hole and the locking strip hole, and when the locking cylinder drives the push rod to extend forward, the movable seat rises through the guide hole.

[0009] Furthermore, a folding plate is provided behind the top plate, and the folding plate is coplanar with the top plate when unfolded.

[0010] Furthermore, a connection frame is provided on one side of the fixing seat and a slot adapted to the connection frame is provided on the other side, and the connection frame is used to be inserted into the slot of an adjacent supporting device and fixed by a vertically arranged connection pin.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a sliding component, which includes a guide rail placed on the bottom surface of the tunnel, and the bottom surface of the fixed seat is detachably mounted with support wheels adapted to the guide rail. Top cylinders are also provided on both sides of the fixed seat, and the output shaft of the top cylinder faces downward and a support member is fixed at the bottom, and the support member is an inverted U-shaped frame to accommodate the guide rail.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows: The device for supporting the side of the gob with a top cut and pressure relief provided by the present invention is provided with a locking assembly and an anchoring assembly. When the lifting hydraulic cylinder is extended to the right position, the lifting hydraulic cylinder can make the top support structure and the fixed seat press against the inner wall of the gob with a certain pre-tightening force. At the same time, the locking assembly can improve the vertical load resistance of the device, so that the whole device is firmly supported between the top and bottom surfaces of the gob, and can withstand a large lateral load. The anchoring assembly is fixed to the bottom surface of the gob with a certain pre-tightening force, which can further improve the lateral load resistance of the device. The device is also provided with a cross brace assembly. After the support is completed, the airbag is abutted against the side wall of the gob by inflating the cross brace assembly, so that the whole device is laterally abutted against the side wall of the gob with a certain pre-tightening force. When the old roof of the gob collapses and generates a large lateral impact load, the lateral impact load can be resisted by the strong lateral load resistance of the device as a whole, the pre-tightening force of the cross brace assembly and the elasticity of the airbag itself, thereby ensuring the support capacity of the device and eliminating safety hazards. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a first angle of a support device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the structure of the second angle of the support device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the structure of an anchoring assembly in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a top support structure and a locking assembly in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0014] In the figure: 1. Fixed seat; 11. Connecting frame; 12. Card slot; 2. Anchor assembly; 21. Anchor plate; 22. Anchor drive; 221. Drive motor; 222. Arc bar frame; 223. Drive gear; 224. First connecting rod; 225. Second connecting rod; 23. Pressing unit; 231. Pressing plate; 232. Connecting spring; 3. Moving seat; 31. Moving plate; 32. Top support structure; 321. Mounting plate; 322. Top plate; 32 3. Main spring; 324. Auxiliary spring; 325. Fixed shaft; 326. Folding plate; 4. Lifting hydraulic cylinder; 5. Locking assembly; 51. Locking cylinder; 52. Moving frame; 53. Push rod; 54. Guide strip hole; 55. Locking strip hole; 56. Guide hole; 6. Cross brace assembly; 61. First supporting airbag; 62. Second supporting airbag; 7. Sliding assembly; 71. Guide rail; 72. Support wheel; 8. Lifting cylinder; 81. Support member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.

[0016] See also Figures 1 to 4 This embodiment proposes a roadside support device for cutting top and relieving pressure along the goaf-retaining roadway, including a fixed seat 1, an anchoring assembly 2, a moving seat 3, a lifting hydraulic cylinder 4, a locking assembly 5 and a cross bracing assembly 6.

[0017] Among them, the fixed seat 1 is mainly used to install other components. The shape of the fixed seat 1 is not limited, but the bottom surface of the fixed seat 1 needs to be set as a plane so that the fixed seat 1 can be supported on the bottom surface of the tunnel with a larger force-bearing area, which is conducive to the stability of the support device. This is well known to people in this field.

[0018] Specifically, the fixing seat 1 of this embodiment is provided with a connection frame 11 on one side in the left-right direction and a slot 12 adapted to the connection frame 11 on the other side. The connection frame 11 is used to be inserted into the slot 12 of the adjacent lane support device and fixed by a vertically arranged connecting pin. During support, since anchor cables are arranged at intervals on the side walls of the lane, the supporting devices cannot be arranged adjacent to each other when multiple supporting devices are used for support. However, connecting multiple supporting devices to form a whole can indeed improve the support capacity. Therefore, this embodiment adds a connection frame 11 and a slot 12 structure to the fixing seat 1, and compensates the spacing between adjacent lane support devices by the connection frame 11. The connection frame 11 is inserted into the slot 12 of the adjacent support device and fixed by the connecting pin to achieve connection with the adjacent support device. It should be noted that adjacent means a number of objects arranged in a certain order. The two objects closest to each other are adjacent, and the two adjacent objects are not necessarily in contact; adjacent means adjacent and in contact.

[0019] It is easy to understand that the connection frame 11 provided in this embodiment cooperates with the slot 12 to realize the connection of adjacent support devices, so as to greatly improve the support capacity when multiple support devices of the present invention are used for support; however, the cooperation between the connection frame 11 and the slot 12 as well as the connecting pin requires higher assembly precision, and the overall weight of the support device is also relatively large. It is obviously time-consuming and laborious to adjust the position of the support device by repeatedly moving the support device. Therefore, this embodiment adds a sliding assembly 7 on the basis of the aforementioned device connection structure. The sliding assembly 7 includes a guide rail 71 placed on the bottom surface of the tunnel in the left and right directions, and a support wheel 72 adapted to the guide rail 71 is detachably installed on the bottom surface of the fixed seat 1. A top cylinder 8 is also provided on the left and right sides of the fixed seat 1. The output shaft of the top cylinder 8 faces downward and a support member 81 is fixed to the bottom end. The support member 81 is an inverted U-shaped frame to accommodate the guide rail 71. When in use, first all the support devices are moved to the target position away from the side wall of the tunnel, and then the top cylinder 8 is started to make the support member 81 contact the bottom surface of the tunnel. The top cylinder 8 continues to extend downward to lift the fixed seat 1, and then the guide rail 71 is inserted into the support member 81, and then the support wheel 72 is installed under the fixed seat 1. Finally, the top cylinder 8 is retracted so that the support wheel 72 is supported on the guide rail 71. In this way, the left and right positions of the support devices can be adjusted by pushing the fixed seat 1 along the guide rail 71 to meet the assembly accuracy required for the connection of the support devices; after multiple support devices are connected, first, the top cylinders 8 of all support devices are synchronously controlled to extend downward so that the support wheels 72 of all support devices are separated from the guide rail 71, and then the support wheels 72 are removed, and then the guide rail 71 is removed from the support member 81, and finally the top cylinder 8 is retracted so that the fixed seat 1 is supported on the bottom surface of the tunnel.

[0020] The anchor assembly 2 includes an anchor plate 21, which is movably connected to the bottom of the fixed seat 1 and is connected to an anchor driving member 22, which drives the anchor plate 21 to move relative to the fixed seat 1 so as to have an anchoring state of pre-tightening and fitting to the bottom surface of the tunnel behind the fixed seat 1 and a storage state of detaching from the bottom surface of the tunnel behind the fixed seat 1. The anchor plate 21 is pre-tightened and fitted to the bottom surface of the tunnel behind the fixed seat 1, which can increase the maximum static friction between the support device and the bottom surface of the tunnel, thereby making the support device have a higher lateral load resistance.

[0021] Specifically, the anchoring drive member 22 of the present embodiment includes a driving motor 221 and an arc-shaped bar frame 222, the shell of the driving motor 221 is fixed on the fixed seat 1 and a driving gear 223 is sleeved and fixed on the output shaft, a single-side arc surface of the arc-shaped bar frame 222 is provided with a transmission tooth and the transmission tooth is meshed with the driving gear 223, the bottom end of the arc-shaped bar frame 222 is hinged to the anchor plate 21, and the anchor plate 21 is also hinged with a first connecting rod 224, and the end of the first connecting rod 224 away from the anchor plate 21 is hinged with a second connecting rod 225, and the end of the second connecting rod 225 away from the first connecting rod 224 is hinged to the output shaft of the driving motor 221. During anchoring, the output shaft of the driving motor 221 drives the driving gear 223 to rotate, and the driving gear 223 drives the arc-shaped bar frame 222 to move through engagement. Since the arc-shaped bar frame 222 is hinged to the anchor plate 21 and the anchor plate 21 is hinged to the output shaft of the driving motor 221 through the first connecting rod 224 and the second connecting rod 225, the movement of the arc-shaped bar frame 222 can drive the anchor plate 21 to flip to switch between the anchoring state and the storage state.

[0022] It should be noted that since the anchor plate 21 needs to contact the bottom surface of the tunnel with a certain pre-tightening force when in the anchored state, the anchor plate 21 must be switched to the anchored state only after the position of the support device is adjusted. In other words, the anchor plate 21 needs to be in a stored state so that it does not contact the bottom surface of the tunnel during the transportation and adjustment process before the support device is supported.

[0023] Furthermore, a plurality of crimping units 23 are evenly distributed on the lower surface of the anchor plate 21, and the crimping units 23 include a pressing plate 231 and a connecting spring 232, the upper end of the connecting spring 232 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the anchor plate 21, and the lower end of the connecting spring 232 is fixedly connected to the pressing plate 231. During anchoring, since the actual bottom surface of the tunnel is not a standard plane and has uneven surfaces, in order to improve the anchoring stability of the anchor plate 21, the present embodiment adds a plurality of crimping units 23 on the lower surface of the anchor plate 21, and the plurality of crimping units 23 are independently stressed to match tunnel surfaces of various shapes.

[0024] The movable seat 3 includes a movable plate 31 and a supporting structure 32 . The movable plate 31 is vertically slidably connected above the fixed seat 1 , and the supporting structure 32 is fixed on the top of the movable seat 3 .

[0025] Specifically, the supporting structure 32 of the present embodiment includes a mounting plate 321 and a top plate 322. The mounting plate 321 is fixed on the top of the movable plate 31. The top plate 322 is supported above the mounting plate 321 by an elastic member. The elastic member includes a main spring 323 and a plurality of auxiliary springs 324. The two ends of the main spring 323 are respectively fixedly connected to the middle of the top plate 322 and the middle of the mounting plate 321. The plurality of auxiliary springs 324 are distributed around the main spring 323 and are all inserted with a fixed shaft 325. The upper end of the fixed shaft 325 is fixedly connected to the top plate 322. The lower end of the fixed shaft 325 passes through the mounting plate 321 and a movable gap is reserved between the mounting plate 321. During the top support, since the actual top surface of the tunnel may have a certain inclination angle, in order to improve the stability of the top support, the top support structure 32 is designed as a combination structure of a mounting plate 321, an elastic member and a top plate 322. When the top surface of the tunnel has a certain inclination angle, the top plate 322 can be deflected at a small angle relative to the mounting plate 321, so that the top plate 322 can still fit the top surface of the tunnel to ensure the supporting force of the top support structure 32.

[0026] Furthermore, a folding plate 326 is provided behind the top plate 322, and when the folding plate 326 is unfolded, it is coplanar with the top plate 322. The folding plate 326 can be driven manually or mechanically. The folding plate 326 can increase the contact area between the top support assembly and the top surface of the tunnel, thereby further increasing the lateral load resistance of the support device.

[0027] The cylinder body of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 4 is fixed on the fixing seat 1 and the top end of the piston rod is fixedly connected to the supporting structure 32 .

[0028] It is easy to understand that the lifting hydraulic cylinder 4 needs to press the fixing seat 1 and the supporting structure 32 against the corresponding inner wall of the tunnel with a certain pre-tightening force, so the extended length of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 4 during operation should be less than its maximum extended length.

[0029] The locking assembly 5 is connected between the fixed seat 1 and the movable seat 3 and is used to prevent the movable seat 3 from sliding down.

[0030] Specifically, the locking assembly 5 of this embodiment includes a locking cylinder 51 and a moving frame 52. The cylinder body of the locking cylinder 51 is fixed on the fixed seat 1 and the piston rod faces forward. The front end of the piston rod of the locking cylinder 51 is fixed with a push rod 53 arranged on the left and right. The moving frame 52 is fixed under the mounting plate 321. The moving frame 52 is slidably connected to the fixed seat 1. The moving frame 52 is provided with a combined sliding hole. The combined sliding hole includes a guide strip hole 54 arranged vertically and a locking strip hole 55 located at the bottom end of the guide strip hole 54 and arranged horizontally. The push rod 53 is placed in the combined sliding hole. The locking cylinder 51 drives the push rod 53 to move forward to the locking strip hole 55 to achieve locking. When the movable plate 31 drives the mounting plate 321 and the movable frame 52 to rise synchronously, the locking cylinder 51 is in a retracted state, and the push rod 53 is placed in the guide strip hole 54 of the movable frame 52 to avoid the rising of the movable frame 52; when the movable plate 31 rises to its position, the push rod 53 is placed at the bottom end of the guide strip hole 54. At this time, the locking cylinder 51 extends out to drive the push rod 53 to slide into the locking strip hole 55. Since the locking strip hole 55 is horizontally arranged, the movable plate 31 can be prevented from vertically retracting.

[0031] Furthermore, the combined sliding hole also includes a guide hole 56 connected between the guide bar hole 54 and the locking bar hole 55. When the locking cylinder 51 drives the push rod 53 to extend forward, the movable seat 3 is raised through the guide hole 56. By setting the guide hole 56, the movable seat 3 can be raised a small distance when the locking cylinder 51 completes the locking action, and the elastic member can be used to further increase the top support preload force of the top support structure 32.

[0032] The cross brace assembly 6 includes a first supporting airbag 61 and a second supporting airbag 62. The first supporting airbag 61 is provided in a plurality and evenly distributed on the front surface of the fixing seat 1. The second supporting airbag 62 is provided in a plurality and evenly distributed on the front surface of the moving plate 31. The second supporting airbag 62 is detachably connected to the moving plate 31. During operation, after the support device is adjusted, the first supporting airbag 61 and the second supporting airbag 62 are inflated, and the first supporting airbag 61 and the second supporting airbag 62 expand and press against the side wall of the lane with a certain preload force. The preload force and the elasticity of the airbag itself can resist a large lateral impact load.

[0033] It is easy to understand that, since the movable plate 31 needs to be lifted and lowered relative to the fixed seat 1, the movable plate 31 has two states: extending outward from the fixed seat 1 and retracting inward from the fixed seat 1, so the second support airbag 62 provided on the movable plate 31 needs to be detachably connected to the movable plate 31, so as to be connected to the movable plate 31 when the movable plate 31 extends outward from the fixed seat 1, and to be removed from the movable plate 31 when the movable plate 31 retracts inward from the fixed seat 1. The first support airbag 61 provided on the fixed seat 1 does not have this limitation, and can be connected to the fixed seat 1 in a detachable manner or in a non-detachable manner.

[0034] Specifically, the first support airbag 61 and the second support airbag 62 are both installed using an anti-drop hook, which is easy to operate. The anti-drop design of the hook can also prevent the first support airbag 61 and the second support airbag 62 from falling, thereby ensuring the supporting capacity of the support device.

[0035] The working principle of the roadside support device for cutting top and unloading pressure along gob-side entry retention in this embodiment is as follows: A plurality of support devices of this embodiment are used to support the side walls of the tunnel.

[0036] During installation, first place each support device between two adjacent anchor cables, and realize the connection of multiple support devices through the cooperation of the sliding assembly 7, the top cylinder 8, the connecting frame 11 and the slot 12 to form an integral structure; then unfold the folding plate 326, and press the top plate 322 and the folding plate 326 against the top surface of the tunnel through the lifting hydraulic cylinder 4, and then lock it through the locking assembly 5; then switch the anchor plate 21 to the anchoring state through the anchor driving member 22 for reinforced support; finally, inflate the support airbag through the cross brace assembly 6 to press it against the side wall of the tunnel, and the installation is completed.

[0037] During support, the top plate 322 is pressed against the top surface of the tunnel, and the fixed seat 1 is pressed against the bottom surface of the tunnel, so that the supporting device as a whole is firmly supported between the top and bottom surfaces of the tunnel; the anchor plate 21 is mortgaged to the bottom surface of the tunnel, further improving the lateral load-bearing capacity of the supporting device; the lateral impact load can be resisted through the cooperation of the overall strong lateral load-bearing capacity of the supporting device, the preload force of the cross brace assembly 6 and the elasticity of the airbag itself, thereby ensuring the supporting capacity of the supporting device and eliminating safety hazards.

[0038] The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in combination with a specific preferred embodiment. It cannot be determined that the specific embodiments of the present invention are limited to this. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the present invention, which should be regarded as belonging to the present invention and the scope of patent protection determined by the submitted claims.

Claims

1. A roadside support device for gob-side entry retention with top cutting and pressure relief, characterized in that: It comprises a fixed seat (1), an anchoring assembly (2), a movable seat (3), a lifting hydraulic cylinder (4), a locking assembly (5) and a cross bracing assembly (6); The anchor assembly (2) comprises an anchor plate (21), the anchor plate (21) being movably connected to the bottom of the fixing seat (1), and the anchor plate (21) being connected to an anchor driving member (22); the anchor driving member (22) drives the anchor plate (21) to move relative to the fixing seat (1) so as to have an anchoring state in which the anchor plate (21) is pre-tightened and fitted to the bottom surface of the laneway behind the fixing seat (1) and a storage state in which the anchor plate (21) is detached from the bottom surface of the laneway behind the fixing seat (1); a plurality of crimping units (23) are evenly distributed on the lower surface of the anchor plate (21), the crimping units (23) comprising a pressing plate (231) and a connecting spring (232), the upper end of the connecting spring (232) being fixedly connected to the lower surface of the anchor plate (21), and the lower end of the connecting spring (232) being fixedly connected to the pressing plate (231); The movable seat (3) comprises a movable plate (31) and a top support structure (32); the movable plate (31) is vertically slidably connected to the top of the fixed seat (1); the top support structure (32) is fixed to the top of the movable seat (3); the top support structure (32) comprises a mounting plate (321) and a top plate (322); the mounting plate (321) is fixed to the top of the movable plate (31); and the top plate (322) is supported above the mounting plate (321) by an elastic member; The cylinder body of the lifting hydraulic cylinder (4) is fixed on the fixing seat (1), and the top end of the piston rod of the lifting hydraulic cylinder (4) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (321); The locking assembly (5) is connected between the fixed seat (1) and the movable seat (3) and is used to prevent the movable seat (3) from sliding down; The cross brace assembly (6) comprises a plurality of first supporting airbags (61) and a plurality of second supporting airbags (62), wherein the first supporting airbags (61) are evenly distributed on the front surface of the fixing seat (1), and the second supporting airbags (62) are evenly distributed on the front surface of the movable plate (31), and the second supporting airbags (62) are detachably connected to the movable plate (31).

2. A roadside support device for gob-side entry retention with top cutting and pressure relief according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchoring drive member (22) comprises a driving motor (221) and an arc-shaped bar frame (222); the housing of the driving motor (221) is fixed on the fixing seat (1) and a driving gear (223) is sleeved and fixed on the output shaft; a single-side arc surface of the arc-shaped bar frame (222) is provided with a transmission tooth and the transmission tooth meshes with the driving gear (223); the bottom end of the arc-shaped bar frame (222) is hinged to the anchor plate (21); the anchor plate (21) is further hinged to a first connecting rod (224); an end of the first connecting rod (224) away from the anchor plate (21) is hinged to a second connecting rod (225); an end of the second connecting rod (225) away from the first connecting rod (224) is hinged to the output shaft of the driving motor (221).

3. A roadside support device for gob-side entry retention with top cutting and pressure relief according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic member comprises a main spring (323) and a plurality of auxiliary springs (324); two ends of the main spring (323) are respectively fixedly connected to the middle of the top plate (322) and the middle of the mounting plate (321); the plurality of auxiliary springs (324) are distributed around the main spring (323) and are all provided with a fixed shaft (325); the upper end of the fixed shaft (325) is fixedly connected to the top plate (322); the lower end of the fixed shaft (325) passes through the mounting plate (321) and a movable gap is reserved between the fixing shaft (325) and the mounting plate (321).

4. A roadside support device for gob-side entry retention with top cutting and pressure relief according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking assembly (5) comprises a locking cylinder (51) and a moving frame (52); the cylinder body of the locking cylinder (51) is fixed on the fixing seat (1) and the piston rod faces forward; the front end of the piston rod of the locking cylinder (51) is fixed with push rods (53) arranged left and right; the moving frame (52) is fixed below the mounting plate (321); the moving frame (52) is slidably connected to the fixing seat (1); the moving frame (52) is provided with a combined sliding hole; the combined sliding hole comprises a guide bar hole (54) arranged vertically and a locking bar hole (55) located at the bottom end of the guide bar hole (54) and arranged horizontally; the push rod (53) is placed in the combined sliding hole; the locking cylinder (51) drives the push rod (53) to move forward into the locking bar hole (55) to achieve locking.

5. A roadside support device for gob-side entry retaining with top cutting and pressure relief according to claim 4, characterized in that: The combined sliding hole also includes a guide hole (56) connected between the guide bar hole (54) and the locking bar hole (55); when the locking cylinder (51) drives the push rod (53) to extend forward, the movable seat (3) is lifted through the guide hole (56).

6. A roadside support device for gob-side entry retention with top cutting and pressure relief according to claim 1, characterized in that: A folding plate (326) is provided at the rear of the top plate (322); the folding plate (326) is coplanar with the top plate (322) when unfolded.

7. A roadside support device for gob-side entry retaining with top cutting and pressure relief according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The fixing seat (1) is provided with a connection frame (11) on one side and a slot (12) adapted to the connection frame (11) on the other side, wherein the connection frame (11) is used to be inserted into the slot (12) of an adjacent supporting device and fixed by a vertically arranged connection pin.

8. A roadside support device for gob-side entry retention with top cutting and pressure relief according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also comprises a sliding assembly (7), the sliding assembly (7) comprising a guide rail (71) for being placed on the bottom surface of the tunnel, a support wheel (72) adapted to the guide rail (71) being detachably mounted on the bottom surface of the fixed seat (1), and a top cylinder (8) being arranged on both sides of the fixed seat (1), the output shaft of the top cylinder (8) being downwardly facing and a support member (81) being fixed at the bottom end, the support member (81) being an inverted U-shaped frame capable of accommodating the guide rail (71).

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