Coal mine goaf plugging device and plugging method

Abstract

The invention discloses a coal mine goaf plugging device and a plugging method, and relates to mining operation, the coal mine goaf plugging device comprises a plugging retaining wall and a gap filling material, the plugging retaining wall comprises two masonry structures and a wedge-shaped component located between the two masonry structures, the wedge-shaped component and the two masonry structures jointly block a goaf; the masonry structures and the wedge-shaped component are arranged in the horizontal direction, the ends, away from the wedge-shaped component, of the masonry structures are used for abutting against the side wall of a goaf, the opposite ends of the two masonry structures form a wedge-shaped gap used for containing the wedge-shaped component, the lower portion of the blocking retaining wall is semi-buried, and the upper portion of the blocking retaining wall is semi-buried. The upper and lower adjacent brickworks of the brickwork structure are matched through a concave-convex structure; and the gap filling material is used for filling a gap between the blocking retaining wall and the top wall of the goaf. The supporting effect of the retaining wall can be guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of mining operations, and in particular to a coal mine goaf sealing device and a sealing method. Background Art

[0002] Backfill mining refers to a mining method that uses backfill materials to fill the goaf during ore dropping, transportation and other operations. The purpose of backfilling is to support the rocks on both sides of the goaf and to create a base for continued stratified mining above. In order to reduce the environmental pollution and land occupation caused by tailings discharge on the surface, full tailings backfilling has become the mainstream.

[0003] In the backfill mining method, a backfill retaining wall needs to be built next to the goaf to fill the backfill slurry. The traditional backfill retaining wall is built vertically. In order to ensure the supporting effect of the retaining wall and prevent the problem of cracking of the retaining wall, the thickness of the retaining wall is often increased, but this increases the amount of work to build the retaining wall and consumes a lot of building materials. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to reduce the building materials used for the retaining wall while ensuring the supporting effect of the retaining wall, the present application provides a coal mine goaf sealing device and a sealing method.

[0005] The coal mine goaf blocking device and blocking method provided in this application adopt the following technical solutions: A coal mine goaf sealing device comprises a sealing retaining wall and a gap filling material, wherein the sealing retaining wall comprises two masonry structures and a wedge-shaped member located between the two masonry structures, wherein the wedge-shaped member and the two masonry structures jointly seal the goaf; the masonry structure and the wedge-shaped member are arranged in a horizontal direction, and the end of the masonry structure away from the wedge-shaped member is used to abut the side wall of the goaf, and the opposite ends of the two masonry structures form a wedge-shaped gap for accommodating the wedge-shaped member, the lower part of the sealing retaining wall is half-buried, and the upper and lower adjacent masonry of the masonry structure are matched by a concave-convex structure; the gap filling material is used to fill the gap between the sealing retaining wall and the top wall of the goaf.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, the masonry structure and the wedge-shaped member together form a blocking retaining wall that can block the filling material in the goaf. The upper and lower masonry of the masonry structure are matched by a concave-convex structure, so that the masonry structure forms a whole. The lower parts of the masonry structure and the wedge-shaped member are both half-buried, so that the masonry structure and the wedge-shaped member are positioned. When the filling material fills the goaf, the filling material squeezes the masonry structure and the wedge-shaped member at the same time. The wedge-shaped member applies pressure to the two masonry structures through the two wedge-shaped surfaces, so that the masonry structure is close to the side wall of the goaf, and the pressure on the blocking retaining wall can be indirectly applied to the side walls on both sides of the goaf through the two masonry structures, so that the blocking retaining wall can form a reliable blocking effect on the filling material, and the blocking retaining wall does not need to ensure the supporting effect by adding building materials. The gap filling material can fill the gap between the blocking retaining wall and the top wall of the goaf to ensure the sealing effect of the blocking device on the goaf.

[0007] Optionally, the thickness of the masonry structure gradually increases from top to bottom, and the supporting surface of the masonry structure is tilted upward as a whole.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the supporting surface of the masonry structure is arranged to be inclined upward, so that the goaf can form an inclined downward pressure on the masonry structure, which is beneficial to increase the position stability of the masonry structure.

[0009] Optionally, the bottom surface of the blocking retaining wall gradually slopes upward in a direction away from the supporting surface, and the thickness of the gap filling material gradually decreases in a direction away from the supporting surface of the blocking retaining wall.

[0010] By adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, the bottom surface of the blocking retaining wall gradually tilts upward in the direction away from the supporting surface, so that a wedge-shaped gap is formed between the top of the blocking retaining wall and the top wall of the goaf, so that the gap filling material is wedge-shaped, making it difficult for the filling material to escape from the gap between the blocking retaining wall and the goaf under the squeezing of the filling material.

[0011] Optionally, the gap filling material includes an upper filling layer, a lower filling layer and an airbag layer, and the airbag layer is located between the upper filling layer and the lower filling layer.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the airbag layer can expand and deform under the action of gas pressure to adapt to the shape of the gap between the blocking retaining wall and the top wall of the goaf, so that the gap filling material can reliably block the gap between the blocking retaining wall and the top wall of the goaf. The upper and lower surfaces of the airbag layer are separated and protected by the upper filling layer and the lower filling layer, so that the airbag layer is not easily damaged by friction, and the airbag is protected.

[0013] Optionally, the upper filling layer is connected to the lower filling layer as a whole, and the connection portion between the upper filling layer and the lower filling layer is used to support the filling material of the goaf.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the upper filling layer and the lower filling layer are connected as a whole, and the relative position between the upper filling layer and the lower filling layer is easy to keep fixed, so that the filling work of the gap filling material is relatively easy to carry out. The connection part between the upper filling layer and the lower filling layer is used to support the filling material, which can reduce the friction effect of the filling material on the airbag.

[0015] Optionally, the wedge-shaped component includes a plurality of wedge-shaped blocks stacked up and down.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the wedge blocks are stacked up and down to form a wedge-shaped component, so that the wedge-shaped component is easy to manufacture and install.

[0017] A method for sealing a coal mine goaf, based on any of the above-mentioned coal mine goaf sealing devices, comprises the following steps: excavating a bottom trench on the ground of the goaf; building a masonry structure and a wedge-shaped component upward in the bottom trench so that the masonry structure and the wedge-shaped component form a sealing retaining wall, and a filling gap is reserved between the top of the sealing retaining wall and the top wall of the goaf, and the height of the filling gap is less than the thickness of the masonry of the masonry structure; and filling the filling gap between the top of the sealing retaining wall and the top wall of the goaf with a gap filling material.

[0018] By adopting the above technical scheme, after the bottom trench is excavated on the ground of the goaf area, the masonry structure and wedge-shaped components are built in the bottom trench, so that the lower part of the blocking retaining wall is half-buried, thereby positioning the blocking retaining wall.

[0019] Optionally, before building the blocking retaining wall, vertically extending grooves are excavated on the side walls on both sides of the goaf, the grooves are connected to the bottom groove, and the bottom of the grooves are inclined toward the area to be filled in the goaf; the two ends of the blocking retaining wall are respectively embedded in the grooves on both sides of the wall, and the two end surfaces of the blocking retaining wall respectively abut the bottom of the groove, so that the pressure on the blocking retaining wall can act on the bottom of the groove.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the bottom of the groove is inclined toward the area to be filled in the goaf, so that the two end faces of the blocking retaining wall gradually approach each other in the direction away from the supporting surface, so that the blocking retaining wall forms a wedge-shaped insertion effect on the two side walls of the goaf, so that the side walls of the goaf can form a reliable limiting effect on the blocking retaining wall, thereby making the position of the blocking retaining wall more stable and reliable.

[0021] Optionally, before building the blocking retaining wall, a sandbag weir is set in front of the blocking retaining wall, a layer of lubricating fine sand is pre-laid on the bottom of the sandbag weir, and the lubricating fine sand layer and the sandbag weir are separated by a plastic film layer; the space between the sandbag weir and the blocking retaining wall is filled with full tailings.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, a sandbag weir is set in front of the blocking retaining wall, and the space between the sandbag weir and the blocking retaining wall is filled with full tailings, so that the filling material of the goaf can indirectly squeeze the blocking device through the sandbag weir and the full tailings, which is conducive to making the pressure on the blocking device more balanced. The sandbag weir and the ground of the goaf are separated by a lubricating fine sand layer and a plastic film layer, so that the sandbag weir can move under the pressure of the filling material in the goaf, so that the pressure of the sandbag weir is easier to transfer to the blocking device.

[0023] Optionally, a vibration motor is pre-placed between the sandbag weir and the blocking retaining wall, the vibration motor is covered with a membrane material, and the wires of the vibration motor pass through the gap between the top wall of the goaf and the top of the blocking retaining wall.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the vibration motor can vibrate the whole tailings between the sandbag weir body and the blocking retaining wall, so that the whole tailings can be filled densely.

[0025] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The masonry structure and the wedge-shaped components together form a blocking retaining wall that can block the filling material in the goaf. The wedge-shaped components apply pressure to the two masonry structures through the two wedge-shaped surfaces, so that the masonry structures are close to the side walls of the goaf, and the pressure on the blocking retaining wall can be indirectly applied to the side walls on both sides of the goaf through the two masonry structures, so that the blocking retaining wall can form a reliable blocking effect on the filling material.

[0026] 2. The bottom of the groove is inclined toward the area to be filled in the goaf, so that the two end faces of the blocking retaining wall gradually approach each other in the direction away from the supporting surface, so that the blocking retaining wall forms a wedge-shaped insertion effect on the two side walls of the goaf, so that the side walls of the goaf can form a reliable limiting effect on the blocking retaining wall, thereby making the position of the blocking retaining wall more stable and reliable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a top view of the blocking retaining wall of the blocking device of Example 1.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a side view of the masonry structure of the plugging device of Example 1.

[0029] Figure 3 4 is a side view of the wedge-shaped component of the occluding device of Example 1.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a side view of the masonry structure of the plugging device of Example 2.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a side view of the gap filling material used in Example 2 Description of reference numerals: 1. Blocking retaining wall; 11. Masonry structure; 111. Masonry; 1111. Protrusion; 1112. Notch; 12. Wedge-shaped member; 121. Wedge-shaped block; 2. Gap filling material; 21. Upper filling layer; 22. Lower filling layer; 23. Air bag layer; 231. Air bag; 2311. First switch valve; 2312. Second switch valve; 2313. Feed pipe; 24. Closed container; 3. Sandbag weir; 31. Fine sand lubrication layer; 32. Plastic film layer; 4. Goaf; 41. Bottom trough; 42. Recess. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following is combined with Figure 1-5 This application is described in further detail.

[0033] Example 1 The present application embodiment discloses a coal mine goaf blocking device. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The coal mine goaf plugging device includes a plugging retaining wall 1 and a gap filling material 2. The plugging retaining wall 1 includes two masonry structures 11 and a wedge-shaped member 12 located between the two masonry structures 11. The wedge-shaped member 12 and the two masonry structures 11 together plug the goaf 4. The masonry structures 11 and the wedge-shaped member 12 are arranged in a horizontal direction. The end of the masonry structure 11 away from the wedge-shaped member 12 is used to abut against the side wall of the goaf 4. The end of the masonry structure 11 away from the wedge-shaped member 12 is set as an inlay structure. The opposite ends of the two masonry structures 11 form a wedge-shaped gap for accommodating the wedge-shaped member 12. The lower part of the plugging retaining wall 1 is half-buried. The gap filling material 2 is used to fill the gap between the plugging retaining wall 1 and the top wall of the goaf 4. The gap filling material 2 is nylon mesh, cloth, rubber or foam plastic, etc.

[0034] Reference Figure 2 The bottom surface of the blocking retaining wall 1 gradually tilts upward in the direction away from the supporting surface, so that a wedge-shaped gap can be formed between the top of the blocking retaining wall 1 and the top of the goaf 4. When the flexible material fills the gap between the blocking retaining wall 1 and the top wall of the goaf 4, the gap filling material 2 forms a wedge-shaped structure whose thickness gradually decreases in the direction away from the supporting surface of the blocking retaining wall 1, so that the gap filling material 2 is not easy to escape from the gap between the top of the blocking retaining wall 1 and the top wall of the goaf 4 under the squeezing of the filling material in the goaf 4.

[0035] Reference Figure 2 The thickness of the masonry structure 11 gradually increases from top to bottom, and the supporting surface of the masonry structure 11 is tilted upward as a whole. The upper and lower adjacent masonry 111 of the masonry structure 11 are matched with each other through a concave-convex structure. Specifically, a protrusion 1111 is set at the bottom of the masonry 111 of the masonry structure 11, and two notches 1112 that can avoid the protrusion 1111 are set on the upper surface of the masonry 111.

[0036] During the stacking process, the masonry 111 can be cut into half pieces and then stacked as needed. The masonry 111 can be bonded together using concrete.

[0037] Reference Figure 3 The wedge-shaped component 12 includes a plurality of wedge-shaped blocks 121 stacked up and down, and the upper and lower adjacent wedge-shaped blocks 121 are matched with each other by using a concave-convex structure, or are connected in series by using a rod structure.

[0038] The implementation principle of the coal mine goaf plugging device of the embodiment of the present application is as follows: the masonry structure 11 and the wedge-shaped member 12 of the plugging device together form a plugging retaining wall 1 that can block the filling material in the goaf 4. The upper and lower masonry 111 of the masonry structure 11 are matched through a concave-convex structure, so that the masonry structure 11 forms a whole, and the lower parts of the masonry structure 11 and the wedge-shaped member 12 are both half-buried, so that the masonry structure 11 and the wedge-shaped member 12 are positioned. When the filling material fills the goaf 4, the filling material squeezes the masonry structure 11 and the wedge-shaped member 12 at the same time, and the wedge-shaped member 12 applies pressure to the two masonry structures 11 through the two wedge-shaped surfaces, so that the masonry structure 11 is close to the side wall of the goaf 4, and the pressure on the plugging retaining wall 1 can be indirectly applied to the side walls on both sides of the goaf 4 through the two masonry structures 11, so that the plugging retaining wall 1 can form a reliable plugging effect on the filling material, and the plugging retaining wall 1 does not need to ensure the supporting effect by adding building materials. The gap filling material 2 can fill the gap between the sealing retaining wall 1 and the top wall of the goaf 4 to ensure the sealing effect of the sealing device on the goaf 4.

[0039] This embodiment also discloses a method for blocking a coal mine goaf, based on the above-mentioned coal mine goaf blocking device, comprising the following steps: Step 1: stacking and setting a sandbag weir 3 in front of the location where the blocking retaining wall 1 is to be set, and pre-laying a layer of lubricating fine sand on the bottom of the sandbag weir 3, and separating the lubricating fine sand layer and the sandbag weir 3 with a plastic film layer 32; Step 2, excavating a bottom trench 41 on the ground of the goaf 4, laying a waterproof plastic film in the bottom trench 41, and covering the inner wall of the bottom trench 41 with the waterproof plastic film; excavating vertically extending grooves 42 on the side walls of both sides of the goaf 4, the grooves 42 are connected to the bottom trench 41, and the bottom of the grooves 42 is inclined toward the area to be filled in the goaf 4; Step 3, build the masonry structure 11 and the wedge-shaped member 12 upward in the bottom groove 41, so that the masonry structure 11 and the wedge-shaped member 12 form a blocking retaining wall 1, the two ends of the blocking retaining wall 1 are respectively embedded in the grooves 42 on both sides of the wall, and the two end surfaces of the blocking retaining wall 1 are respectively against the bottom of the groove 42, the bottom of the groove 42 refers to the inner wall of the groove 42 facing the horizontal direction, and the blocking retaining wall 1 is inserted between the two side walls of the goaf 4 in the form of a wedge-shaped piece, so that the pressure on the blocking retaining wall 1 can act on the bottom of the groove 42; a filling gap is reserved between the top of the blocking retaining wall 1 and the top wall of the goaf 4, and the height of the filling gap is less than the thickness of the masonry 111 of the masonry structure 11; Step 4, using the full tailings to fill the space between the sandbag weir 3 and the blocking retaining wall 1; A vibration motor can be placed in advance between the sandbag weir body 3 and the blocking retaining wall 1. The vibration motor is covered with a membrane material, and the wires of the vibration motor pass through the gap between the top wall of the goaf 4 and the top of the blocking retaining wall 1. The vibration motor can vibrate and compact the entire tailings; Step 5, using the gap filling material 2 to fill the gap between the top of the retaining wall 1 and the top wall of the goaf 4.

[0040] A sandbag weir 3 is arranged in front of the blocking retaining wall 1, and the space between the sandbag weir 3 and the blocking retaining wall 1 is filled with full tailings, so that the filling material of the goaf 4 indirectly squeezes the blocking device through the sandbag weir 3 and the full tailings, which is conducive to making the pressure on the blocking device more balanced. The sandbag weir 3 and the ground of the goaf 4 are separated by a lubricating fine sand layer and a plastic film layer 32, so that the sandbag weir 3 can move under the squeezing of the filling material of the goaf 4, so that the pressure of the sandbag weir 3 is easier to be transmitted to the blocking device.

[0041] In this embodiment, the vibration motor is suitable for the case where the filling material contains cement. In this case, after the filling material is solidified, the blocking retaining wall 1 can be disassembled to recover the vibration motor.

[0042] Example 2 The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the gap filling material 2 in this embodiment is different from that in the first embodiment.

[0043] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 The gap filling material 2 in this embodiment includes an upper filling layer 21, a lower filling layer 22 and an airbag layer 23. The airbag layer 23 is located between the upper filling layer 21 and the lower filling layer 22. The upper filling layer and the lower filling layer 22 are connected as a whole. The connecting part between the upper filling layer and the lower filling layer 22 is used to support the filling material of the goaf 4. The materials of the upper filling layer and the lower filling layer 22 are cloth or nylon mesh.

[0044] The airbag layer 23 includes an airbag 231 and a concrete filling material filled in the airbag 231. The airbag 231 is provided with a first switch valve 2311 and a second switch valve 2312. The second switch valve 2312 is detachably provided with a feed pipe 2313. The feed pipe 2313 and the second switch valve 2312 can be interference-fitted or threadedly connected. One end of the feed pipe 2313 away from the airbag 231 extends to the outside of the goaf 4. One end of the feed pipe 2313 away from the airbag 231 is provided with a closed container 24. The position of the closed container 24 is higher than the top wall of the goaf 4.

[0045] In this embodiment, the process of filling the gap filling material 2 includes the following steps: Step 51, first insert the upper filling layer, the lower filling layer 22 and the air bag 231 between the blocking retaining wall 1 and the top wall of the goaf 4, and place the closed container 24 pre-configured with concrete outside the goaf 4, at this time, the first switch valve 2311 and the second switch valve 2312 are both closed; Step 52, then open the first switch valve 2311 and the second switch valve 2312, inflate the airbag 231 and the closed container 24 through the first switch valve 2311, so that the airbag 231 expands to fill the gap between the blocking wall 1 and the top wall of the goaf 4, and at the same time, the concrete in the closed container 24 flows into the airbag 231 under the action of gravity, so that the concrete fills the airbag 231; after the concrete fills the airbag 231, close the first switch valve 2311 and the second switch valve 2312, and when the concrete is hardened and finalized, open the first switch valve 2311 and the second switch valve 2312; Step 53, before the concrete solidifies, the feed pipe 2313 is removed and the feed pipe 2313 and the closed container 24 are cleaned.

[0046] When the concrete in the air bag 231 solidifies, the gap filling material 2 can reliably seal the gap between the retaining wall 1 and the top wall of the goaf 4 .

[0047] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A coal mine goaf plugging device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a blocking retaining wall (1) and a gap filling material (2), wherein the blocking retaining wall (1) comprises two masonry structures (11) and a wedge-shaped component (12) located between the two masonry structures (11), wherein the wedge-shaped component (12) and the two masonry structures (11) jointly block a goaf (4); the masonry structures (11) and the wedge-shaped components (12) are arranged in a horizontal direction, and an end of the masonry structure (11) away from the wedge-shaped component (12) is used to abut against a side wall of the goaf (4), and the opposite ends of the two masonry structures (11) form a wedge-shaped gap for accommodating the wedge-shaped component (12); the lower part of the blocking retaining wall (1) is half-buried, and upper and lower adjacent masonry structures (111) of the masonry structure (11) are matched via a concave-convex structure; and the gap filling material (2) is used to fill the gap between the blocking retaining wall (1) and the top wall of the goaf (4).

2. The coal mine goaf blocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the masonry structure (11) gradually increases from top to bottom, and the supporting surface of the masonry structure (11) is tilted upward as a whole.

3. The coal mine goaf blocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the blocking retaining wall (1) gradually slopes upward in a direction away from the supporting surface, and the thickness of the gap filling material (2) gradually decreases in a direction away from the supporting surface of the blocking retaining wall (1).

4. The coal mine goaf blocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap filling material (2) comprises an upper filling layer (21), a lower filling layer (22) and an airbag layer (23), wherein the airbag layer (23) is located between the upper filling layer (21) and the lower filling layer (22).

5. The coal mine goaf blocking device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper filling layer (21) and the lower filling layer (22) are connected as a whole, and the connection portion between the upper filling layer (21) and the lower filling layer (22) is used to support the filling material of the goaf (4).

6. The coal mine goaf blocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wedge-shaped component (12) comprises a plurality of wedge-shaped blocks (121) stacked up and down.

7. A method for sealing a coal mine goaf, based on the coal mine goaf sealing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The steps include: Excavating a bottom trench (41) on the ground of the goaf (4); A masonry structure (11) and a wedge-shaped member (12) are built upwards in the bottom groove (41) so that the masonry structure (11) and the wedge-shaped member (12) form a blocking retaining wall (1), and a filling gap is reserved between the top of the blocking retaining wall (1) and the top wall of the goaf (4), wherein the height of the filling gap is less than the thickness of the masonry (111) of the masonry structure (11); The gap filling material (2) is used to fill the gap between the top of the retaining wall (1) and the top wall of the goaf (4).

8. The method for sealing coal mine goaf according to claim 7, characterized in that: Before building the blocking retaining wall (1), vertically extending grooves (42) are excavated on the side walls on both sides of the goaf (4); the grooves (42) are connected to the bottom grooves (41); the bottom of the grooves (42) are inclined toward the area to be filled in the goaf (4); the two ends of the blocking retaining wall (1) are respectively embedded in the grooves (42) on both sides of the wall, and the two end surfaces of the blocking retaining wall (1) are respectively in contact with the bottom of the grooves (42), so that the pressure on the blocking retaining wall (1) can act on the bottom of the grooves (42).

9. The method for sealing coal mine goaf according to claim 7, characterized in that: Before the blocking retaining wall (1) is built, a sandbag weir (3) is arranged in front of the blocking retaining wall (1), a layer of lubricating fine sand is pre-laid on the bottom of the sandbag weir (3), and the lubricating fine sand layer and the sandbag weir (3) are separated by a plastic film layer (32); the space between the sandbag weir (3) and the blocking retaining wall (1) is filled with full tailings.

10. The method for sealing coal mine goaf according to claim 7, characterized in that: A vibration motor is pre-placed between the sandbag weir body (3) and the blocking retaining wall (1), the vibration motor is covered with a membrane material, and the wires of the vibration motor pass through the gap between the top wall of the goaf (4) and the top of the blocking retaining wall (1).

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