River channel power generation device for water conservancy project and working method of river channel power generation device

Abstract

The river channel power generation device comprises a power generator set and an impeller set which are installed in a river channel dam body, the power generator set comprises a power generator, an input shaft is installed on the bottom side of the power generator, the power generator is installed through a plurality of supporting frames, and first hydraulic cylinders are installed on the supporting frames; the telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected with a lifting sealing ring plate, and a lifting barrel cover is installed on the bottom side of the lifting sealing ring plate. A first hydraulic cylinder works to achieve lifting of a conical protrusion, when the conical protrusion descends, a water distribution groove gap formed by the conical protrusion and a conical cover is gradually reduced, when the conical protrusion moves upwards, the water distribution groove gap is gradually reduced, the water inlet flow is adjusted, meanwhile, impurities are limited between the conical protrusion and the conical cover, and therefore the water distribution effect is improved. And the probability of blade damage caused by impact of impurities in water to the blades is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of river channel power generation, and in particular to a river channel power generation device for water conservancy projects and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Hydropower is a way of generating electricity. The water energy used is mainly the potential energy contained in the water body. It is achieved by using buildings to concentrate the drop of natural water flow to form a head, and using reservoirs to collect and regulate the flow of natural water flow. The basic equipment is a water turbine generator set. When water flows through the turbine, the turbine rotates due to the push of the water flow, and the turbine drives the generator to generate electricity. The mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy, which is then delivered to users through substation and transmission and distribution equipment.

[0003] When the river power generation device generates electricity through water flow, the existing water distribution structure is only used to adjust the water flow rate, and the impurities in the water cannot be blocked by the water distribution mechanism, which leads to a high probability of blade damage; at the same time, the blades are connected to the main shaft by bolts, and the bolt connections are prone to rust, which makes disassembly troublesome. At the same time, during the disassembly and assembly process of the blades, the existing disassembly and assembly method can only disassemble and assemble the blades one by one. Summary of the invention

[0004] The problem solved by the present invention is to provide a river channel power generation device for water conservancy projects and a working method thereof, which solves the problem that when the river channel power generation device generates electricity through water flow, the existing water distribution structure is only used to adjust the water flow rate, and the impurities in the water cannot be blocked by the water distribution mechanism, which leads to a high probability of blade damage; at the same time, the blades are connected to the main shaft by bolts, and the bolt connection is prone to rust, which leads to troublesome disassembly. At the same time, during the disassembly and assembly process of the blades, the existing disassembly and assembly method can only disassemble and assemble the blades one by one.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A river channel power generation device for a water conservancy project, comprising a generator set and an impeller set installed in a river channel dam body, the generator set comprising a generator, an input shaft is installed on the bottom side of the generator, the generator is installed through a plurality of support frames, a first hydraulic cylinder is installed on the support frame, and the telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to a lifting sealing ring plate, a lifting cylinder cover is installed on the bottom side of the lifting sealing ring plate, a conical protrusion is arranged on the outer side of the lifting cylinder cover, a support ring seat is installed on the outer side of the lifting cylinder cover, and a conical cover is installed on the inner side of the support ring seat, and a water distribution trough is arranged between the conical cover and the conical protrusion;

[0007] The impeller assembly comprises a cartridge seat, an output shaft is mounted on the top side of the cartridge seat, and the output shaft is connected to the input shaft via a coupling, and a plurality of blades are detachably mounted at equal angles on the cartridge seat.

[0008] Preferably, the outer diameter of the conical protrusion gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the inner diameter of the conical cover gradually decreases from top to bottom, and as the conical protrusion moves downward, the gap of the water distribution trough gradually decreases.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of fixed limit seats and movable limit seats are installed at equal angles inside the cylinder seat, the blade is connected to the blade seat, and the blade seat is located between the fixed limit seat and the movable limit seat.

[0010] Preferably, a first triangular protrusion is provided on the top side of the fixed limit seat, a second triangular protrusion is provided on the bottom side of the movable limit seat, and the top end of the movable limit seat is provided as an arc surface, and triangular grooves are provided at both ends of the blade seat.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of mounting grooves and adjustment grooves are provided at equal angles on the outer side of the cylinder seat, the blade seat is installed inside the cylinder seat through the mounting grooves, and a sliding arm penetrating the adjustment grooves is installed on the movable limit seat.

[0012] Preferably, a mounting plate is installed inside the cylinder seat through a mounting arm, a second hydraulic cylinder is installed at the top center of the mounting plate, the telescopic end of the second hydraulic cylinder passes through the pressure plate and is installed with a pressure plate, and the pressure plate and the telescopic end of the second hydraulic cylinder are connected by a support, and a seat groove is opened on the pressure plate.

[0013] Preferably, an annular groove is provided on the top side of the pressure plate, a swivel is installed in the annular groove, and a guide rod penetrating the mounting plate is installed on the top side of the swivel.

[0014] Preferably, a motor is mounted on the pressure plate, a rotating gear is mounted on the output end of the motor, and the rotating gear is meshed with the gear plate.

[0015] Preferably, a plurality of limit rods are installed on the inner bottom wall of the cylinder seat, and the limit rods are respectively located on both sides of the fixed limit seat and the movable limit seat, and the limit rods are in contact with the side walls of the fixed limit seat and the movable limit seat.

[0016] A working method of a river channel power generation device for a water conservancy project, the specific operating steps of the working method are as follows:

[0017] Step 1: The water in the river acts on the blades of the impeller group through the water channel and the water distribution trough, driving the output shaft and the input shaft to rotate, and the rotor in the generator is driven to rotate through the input shaft, and cooperates with the stator to generate electricity;

[0018] Step 2: The lifting seal ring plate is driven to lift by the first hydraulic cylinder, thereby realizing the lifting of the lifting cylinder cover and the conical protrusion. When the conical protrusion descends, the gap between the water distribution trough formed by the conical protrusion and the conical cover gradually becomes smaller. When the conical protrusion moves upward, the gap between the water distribution trough gradually becomes smaller, which can not only adjust the water inlet flow, but also facilitate the confinement of impurities between the conical protrusion and the conical cover.

[0019] Step 2: The pressure plate and the gear plate are driven to move up and down by the operation of the second hydraulic cylinder. When the second hydraulic cylinder contracts, it is convenient to load and unload the blades. The movable limit seat is driven to move up by the upward movement of the sliding arm in the annular groove, so that the blade seat can be taken out from between the fixed limit seat and the movable limit seat through the seat groove, and the blade seat can be placed between the fixed limit seat and the movable limit seat through the seat groove. Then the sliding arm is released, and the movable limit seat automatically falls. When installing the blade seat, the pressure plate is pressed against the top side of the movable limit seat by extending the second hydraulic cylinder, and then the movable limit seat is clamped between the fixed limit seat and the movable limit seat. At this time, the first triangular protrusion and the second triangular protrusion are clamped in the triangular groove for limiting. At this time, the unified loading and unloading of all blades is completed;

[0020] Step three: The second hydraulic cylinder works to drive the pressure plate to move slightly upward, and the motor drives the rotating gear to rotate, cooperating with the meshing gear plate to drive the pressure plate to rotate. When the seat groove on the pressure plate rotates to above the movable limit seat, it is used for loading and unloading a single blade, and after the blades are installed, the seat groove is located in the middle position of two adjacent movable limit seats.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the first hydraulic cylinder is used to realize the lifting and lowering of the conical protrusion. When the conical protrusion is lowered, the gap between the water distribution trough formed by the conical protrusion and the conical cover gradually becomes smaller. When the conical protrusion moves upward, the gap between the water distribution trough gradually becomes smaller, and the water inlet flow is adjusted. At the same time, impurities are limited between the conical protrusion and the conical cover, reducing the probability of impurities in the water impacting the blades and causing damage to the blades.

[0022] The lifting and lowering of the pressure plate is realized by the operation of the second hydraulic cylinder. When the pressure plate acts on the movable limit seat, the movable limit seat is clamped between the fixed limit seat and the movable limit seat. The first triangular protrusion and the second triangular protrusion are clamped into the triangular groove for limiting, so as to realize the installation of the blade. When the pressure plate moves up and separates from the movable limit seat, it is convenient to disassemble, repair and replace the blade, so as to realize the unified installation and disassembly of all blades.

[0023] The operation of the second hydraulic cylinder drives the pressure plate to move slightly upward, and the motor drives the rotating gear to rotate, which cooperates with the meshing gear plate to drive the pressure plate to rotate. When the seat groove on the pressure plate rotates to above the movable limit seat, it is used for loading and unloading and maintenance of a single blade. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the impeller assembly of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first internal structure of the impeller assembly of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure inside the impeller assembly of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the limit rod of the present invention.

[0030] Legend:

[0031] 1. Generator set; 2. Impeller group; 3. Generator; 4. Input shaft; 5. Support frame; 6. First hydraulic cylinder; 7. Lifting sealing ring plate; 8. Lifting cylinder cover; 9. Conical protrusion; 10. Support ring seat; 11. Conical cover; 12. Water distribution trough; 13. Cylinder seat; 14. Output shaft; 15. Coupling; 16. Fixed limit seat; 17. First triangular protrusion; 18. Movable limit seat; 19. Second triangular protrusion; 20. Blade seat; 21. Triangular groove; 22. Blade; 23. Mounting groove; 24. Adjustment groove; 25. Sliding arm; 26. Mounting plate; 27. Mounting arm; 28. Second hydraulic cylinder; 29. ​​Pressure plate; 30. Seat groove; 31. Ring groove; 32. Swivel; 33. Guide rod; 34. Toothed disc; 35. Motor; 36. Rotating gear; 37. Limit rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Specific examples are given below.

[0034] See also Figure 1 to Figure 6A river channel power generation device for a water conservancy project comprises a generator set 1 and an impeller set 2 installed in a river channel dam body, the generator set 1 comprises a generator 3, an input shaft 4 is installed on the bottom side of the generator 3, the generator 3 is installed through a plurality of support frames 5, a first hydraulic cylinder 6 is installed on the support frame 5, and the telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder 6 is connected to a lifting sealing ring plate 7, a lifting cylinder cover 8 is installed on the bottom side of the lifting sealing ring plate 7, a conical protrusion 9 is arranged on the outer side of the lifting cylinder cover 8, a support ring seat 10 is installed on the outer side of the lifting cylinder cover 8, and a conical cover 11 is installed on the inner side of the support ring seat 10, a water distribution trough 12 is arranged between the conical cover 11 and the conical protrusion 9, and the conical protrusion 9 is provided with a water distribution trough 12. The outer diameter gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the inner diameter of the conical cover 11 gradually decreases from top to bottom. As the conical protrusion 9 moves downward, the gap of the water distribution trough 12 gradually decreases. The lifting and lowering of the conical protrusion 9 is realized by the operation of the first hydraulic cylinder 6. When the conical protrusion 9 descends, the gap of the water distribution trough 12 formed by the conical protrusion 9 and the conical cover 11 gradually decreases. When the conical protrusion 9 moves upward, the gap of the water distribution trough 12 gradually decreases, and the water inlet flow is adjusted. At the same time, impurities are limited between the conical protrusion 9 and the conical cover 11 to reduce the probability of impurities in the water impacting the blades and causing damage to the blades. The water flow is disconnected, and the conical protrusion 9 moves upward at this time to facilitate the discharge of impurities from the water distribution trough 12;

[0035] The impeller assembly 2 includes a cartridge seat 13, an output shaft 14 is mounted on the top side of the cartridge seat 13, and the output shaft 14 is connected to the input shaft 4 through a coupling 15, a plurality of blades 22 are detachably mounted at equal angles on the cartridge seat 13, a plurality of fixed limit seats 16 and movable limit seats 18 are mounted at equal angles inside the cartridge seat 13, the blades 22 are connected to the blade seats 20, and the blade seats 20 are located between the fixed limit seats 16 and the movable limit seats 18, a first triangular protrusion 17 is arranged on the top side of the fixed limit seat 16, and a second triangular protrusion 17 is arranged on the bottom side of the movable limit seat 18 A triangular protrusion 19 is provided, and the top of the movable limit seat 18 is set as an arc surface. Triangular grooves 21 are provided at both ends of the blade seat 20. A plurality of mounting grooves 23 and adjustment grooves 24 are provided at equal angles on the outer side of the cylinder seat 13. The blade seat 20 is installed inside the cylinder seat 13 through the mounting groove 23. A sliding arm 25 penetrating the adjustment groove 24 is installed on the movable limit seat 18. A mounting plate 26 is installed inside the cylinder seat 13 through a mounting arm 27. A second hydraulic cylinder 28 is installed at the top center of the mounting plate 26. The telescopic end of the second hydraulic cylinder 28 penetrates the pressure plate 29 A pressure plate 29 is installed, and the pressure plate 29 and the second hydraulic cylinder 28 telescopic end are connected by a support. A seat groove 30 is opened on the pressure plate 29, and a motor 35 is installed on the pressure plate 29. A rotating gear 36 is installed at the output end of the motor 35, and the rotating gear 36 is engaged with the gear plate 34. The lifting and lowering of the pressure plate 29 is realized by the operation of the second hydraulic cylinder 28. When the pressure plate 29 acts on the movable limit seat 18, the movable limit seat 18 is clamped between the fixed limit seat 16 and the movable limit seat 18, and the first triangular protrusion 17 and the second triangular protrusion 1 9 is inserted into the triangular groove 21 for limiting, so as to realize the installation of the blade 22. When the pressure plate 29 moves up and separates from the movable limiting seat 18, it is convenient for the blade 22 to be disassembled, repaired and replaced, so as to realize the unified installation and disassembly of all the blades 22. The second hydraulic cylinder 28 drives the pressure plate 29 to move slightly upward, and drives the rotating gear 36 to rotate through the motor 35, and cooperates with the meshing toothed disc 34 to drive the pressure plate 29 to rotate. When the seat groove 30 on the pressure plate 29 rotates to above the movable limiting seat 18, it is used for the loading and unloading and maintenance of a single blade 22.

[0036] An annular groove 31 is provided on the top side of the pressure plate 29, a swivel 32 is installed in the annular groove 31, and a guide rod 33 penetrating the mounting plate 26 is installed on the top side of the swivel 32. When the pressure plate 29 rotates, the swivel 32 is fixed differently, and when the pressure plate 29 is raised or lowered, the guiding function is activated by the guide rod 33.

[0037] A plurality of limit rods 37 are installed on the inner bottom wall of the cylinder seat 13, and the limit rods 37 are respectively located on both sides of the fixed limit seat 16 and the movable limit seat 18, and the limit rods 37 are in contact with the side walls of the fixed limit seat 16 and the movable limit seat 18, so as to facilitate guiding and limiting the fixed limit seat 16, the movable limit seat 18 and the blade seat 20, and avoid the movable limit seat 18 and the blade seat 20 from deviating left and right.

[0038] A working method of a river channel power generation device for a water conservancy project, the specific operating steps of the working method are as follows:

[0039] Step 1: The water in the river acts on the blades 22 of the impeller assembly 2 through the water channel and the water distribution trough 12, driving the output shaft 14 and the input shaft 4 to rotate, and the rotor in the generator 3 is driven to rotate through the input shaft 4, and cooperates with the stator to generate electricity;

[0040] Step 2: The lifting seal ring plate 7 is driven to lift by the first hydraulic cylinder 6, thereby realizing the lifting of the lifting cylinder cover 8 and the conical protrusion 9. When the conical protrusion 9 descends, the gap between the water distribution trough 12 formed by the conical protrusion 9 and the conical cover 11 gradually becomes smaller. When the conical protrusion 9 moves upward, the gap between the water distribution trough 12 gradually becomes smaller, which can adjust the water inlet flow rate and facilitate the confinement of impurities between the conical protrusion 9 and the conical cover 11.

[0041] Step 2: The second hydraulic cylinder 28 drives the pressure plate 29 and the toothed plate 34 to move up and down. When the second hydraulic cylinder 28 contracts, it is convenient to load and unload the blade 22. The movable limit seat 18 is driven upward by the sliding arm 25 in the annular groove 31, so that the blade seat 20 can be taken out from between the fixed limit seat 16 and the movable limit seat 18 through the seat groove 30, and the blade seat 20 can be placed between the fixed limit seat 16 and the movable limit seat 18 through the seat groove 30. Then the sliding arm 25 is released, and the movable limit seat 18 automatically falls down. When installing the blade seat 20, the second hydraulic cylinder 28 is extended to press the pressure plate 29 on the top side of the movable limit seat 18, and then the movable limit seat 18 is clamped between the fixed limit seat 16 and the movable limit seat 18. At this time, the first triangular protrusion 17 and the second triangular protrusion 19 are clamped in the triangular groove 21 for limiting. At this time, the unified loading and unloading of all blades 22 is completed;

[0042] Step three: The second hydraulic cylinder 28 works to drive the pressure plate 29 to move slightly upward, and the motor 35 drives the rotating gear 36 to rotate, and cooperates with the meshing gear plate 34 to drive the pressure plate 29 to rotate. When the seat groove 30 on the pressure plate 29 rotates to above the movable limit seat 18, it is used for loading and unloading a single blade 22, and after the blades 22 are installed, the seat groove 30 is located in the middle position of two adjacent movable limit seats 18.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A river channel power generation device for water conservancy projects, characterized in that: The invention comprises a generator set (1) and an impeller set (2) installed in a river channel dam body, wherein the generator set (1) comprises a generator (3), an input shaft (4) is installed on the bottom side of the generator (3), the generator (3) is installed through a plurality of support frames (5), a first hydraulic cylinder (6) is installed on the support frame (5), and the telescopic end of the first hydraulic cylinder (6) is connected to a lifting sealing ring plate (7), a lifting cylinder cover (8) is installed on the bottom side of the lifting sealing ring plate (7), a conical protrusion (9) is arranged on the outer side of the lifting cylinder cover (8), a support ring seat (10) is installed on the outer side of the lifting cylinder cover (8), and a conical cover (11) is installed on the inner side of the support ring seat (10), and a water distribution trough (12) is arranged between the conical cover (11) and the conical protrusion (9); The impeller assembly (2) comprises a cartridge seat (13), an output shaft (14) is mounted on the top side of the cartridge seat (13), and the output shaft (14) is connected to the input shaft (4) via a coupling (15), and a plurality of blades (22) are detachably mounted at equal angles on the cartridge seat (13).

2. A river channel power generation device for water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the conical protrusion (9) gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the inner diameter of the conical cover (11) gradually decreases from top to bottom. As the conical protrusion (9) moves downward, the gap of the water distribution trough (12) gradually decreases.

3. A river channel power generation device for water conservancy projects according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of fixed limit seats (16) and movable limit seats (18) are installed at equal angles inside the cylinder seat (13); the blade (22) is connected to the blade seat (20), and the blade seat (20) is located between the fixed limit seat (16) and the movable limit seat (18).

4. A river channel power generation device for water conservancy projects according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top side of the fixed limit seat (16) is provided with a first triangular protrusion (17), the bottom side of the movable limit seat (18) is provided with a second triangular protrusion (19), and the top end of the movable limit seat (18) is provided with an arc-shaped surface, and both ends of the blade seat (20) are provided with triangular grooves (21).

5. A river channel power generation device for water conservancy projects according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer side of the cylinder seat (13) is provided with a plurality of installation grooves (23) and adjustment grooves (24) at equal angles, the blade seat (20) is installed inside the cylinder seat (13) through the installation grooves (23), and a sliding arm (25) penetrating the adjustment grooves (24) is installed on the movable limit seat (18).

6. A river channel power generation device for water conservancy projects according to claim 5, characterized in that: A mounting plate (26) is installed inside the cylinder seat (13) via a mounting arm (27), a second hydraulic cylinder (28) is installed at the top center of the mounting plate (26), the telescopic end of the second hydraulic cylinder (28) passes through a pressure plate (29) and is installed with a pressure plate (29), and the pressure plate (29) and the telescopic end of the second hydraulic cylinder (28) are connected via a support, and a seat groove (30) is provided on the pressure plate (29).

7. A river channel power generation device for water conservancy projects according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top side of the pressure plate (29) is provided with an annular groove (31), a rotating ring (32) is installed in the annular groove (31), and a guide rod (33) penetrating the mounting plate (26) is installed on the top side of the rotating ring (32).

8. A river channel power generation device for water conservancy projects according to claim 7, characterized in that: A motor (35) is installed on the pressure plate (29), and a rotating tooth (36) is installed on the output end of the motor (35), and the rotating tooth (36) is meshed with the toothed plate (34).

9. A river channel power generation device for water conservancy projects according to claim 8, characterized in that: A plurality of limiting rods (37) are installed on the inner bottom wall of the cylinder seat (13), and the limiting rods (37) are respectively located on both sides of the fixed limiting seat (16) and the movable limiting seat (18), and the limiting rods (37) are in contact with the side walls of the fixed limiting seat (16) and the movable limiting seat (18).

10. The working method of a river channel power generation device for water conservancy engineering according to claim 9, characterized in that: The specific steps of this working method are as follows: Step 1: Water in the river channel acts on the blades (22) of the impeller assembly (2) through the water channel and the water distribution trough (12), driving the output shaft (14) and the input shaft (4) to rotate, and the rotor in the generator (3) is driven to rotate through the input shaft (4), and cooperates with the stator to generate electricity; Step 2: The lifting seal ring plate (7) is driven to lift and lower by the first hydraulic cylinder (6), thereby realizing the lifting and lowering of the lifting cylinder cover (8) and the conical protrusion (9). When the conical protrusion (9) descends, the gap between the water distribution trough (12) formed by the conical protrusion (9) and the conical cover (11) gradually decreases. When the conical protrusion (9) moves upward, the gap between the water distribution trough (12) gradually decreases, which can adjust the water inlet flow rate and facilitate the confinement of impurities between the conical protrusion (9) and the conical cover (11). Step 2: The second hydraulic cylinder (28) drives the pressure plate (29) and the toothed plate (34) to move up and down. When the second hydraulic cylinder (28) is retracted, it is convenient to load and unload the blade (22). The sliding arm (25) moves upward in the annular groove (31) to drive the movable limit seat (18) to move upward, so that the blade seat (20) can be taken out from between the fixed limit seat (16) and the movable limit seat (18) through the seat groove (30), and the blade seat (20) can be placed between the fixed limit seat (16) and the movable limit seat (18) through the seat groove (30). The movable limit seat (18) is moved between the fixed limit seat (16) and the movable limit seat (18), and then the sliding arm (25) is released, and the movable limit seat (18) automatically falls down. When the blade seat (20) is installed, the second hydraulic cylinder (28) is extended to press the pressure plate (29) on the top side of the movable limit seat (18), and then the movable limit seat (18) is clamped between the fixed limit seat (16) and the movable limit seat (18). At this time, the first triangular protrusion (17) and the second triangular protrusion (19) are inserted into the triangular groove (21) for limiting, and the unified loading and unloading of all blades (22) is completed at this time; Step 3: The second hydraulic cylinder (28) drives the pressure plate (29) to move slightly upward, and drives the rotating gear (36) to rotate through the motor (35), and cooperates with the meshing toothed plate (34) to drive the pressure plate (29) to rotate. When the seat groove (30) on the pressure plate (29) rotates to the top of the movable limit seat (18), it is used for loading and unloading a single blade (22), and after the blades (22) are installed, the seat groove (30) is located in the middle position of two adjacent movable limit seats (18).

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