Electromagnetic valve with multiple movable iron cores and design method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-movable iron core electromagnetic valve and a design method thereof, the multi-movable iron core electromagnetic valve comprises at least two movable iron cores, and the moving directions of all the movable iron cores are consistent; an adjustable gap is formed between every two adjacent movable iron cores, and the gaps between every two adjacent movable iron cores are gradually increased; a traditional single movable iron core is divided into a plurality of movable iron cores, small gaps are set among the movable iron cores, magnetic field distribution is changed, so that magnetic force is enhanced, the movable iron cores interact after being powered on, air gaps among the movable iron cores are reduced compared with traditional gaps, and the magnetic field distribution is improved. By means of the design, stronger magnetic force can be generated under the same current, so that more efficient valve opening is achieved, due to the fact that a single movable iron core is divided into a plurality of movable iron cores, and small gaps are set between the movable iron cores, the movement displacement of the movable iron cores is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of solenoid valve design, and in particular to a multi-active iron core solenoid valve and a design method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Solenoid valves are widely used in fluid control systems to control the opening and closing of valves through electromagnetic force. Traditional solenoid valves are generally composed of a static iron core and a movable iron core, with a fixed gap between the movable iron core and the static iron core. When the electromagnetic coil is energized, the magnetic field generated acts on the movable iron core, causing it to overcome the spring force or other external force and push the valve to open and close. This structure is simple, reliable, and can effectively control the flow of fluids, so it has been widely used in various industrial applications.

[0003] However, existing solenoid valves have certain limitations in magnetic force transmission and valve opening capabilities. Specifically, the magnetic force of a traditional solenoid valve is mainly determined by the current and the air gap between the static iron core and the movable iron core. The smaller the air gap, the greater the magnetic force generated, and vice versa. In order to ensure that the valve can be opened smoothly, it is usually necessary to maintain a certain air gap, but an air gap that is too large will result in insufficient magnetic force, limiting the valve's ability to open. At the same time, existing solenoid valves generally use a single movable iron core structure, which has limited potential in increasing valve opening and magnetic force.

[0004] In addition, the sensitivity and response speed of traditional solenoid valves are also affected by the size of the air gap, the current, and the core material. In order to improve the performance of the solenoid valve, it is usually necessary to increase the current, but this will increase power consumption and may affect the long-term stability of the equipment. With the advancement of automation technology and the increase in the demand for precision fluid control, the design of traditional solenoid valves is difficult to meet higher performance requirements, especially in terms of valve opening, magnetic force enhancement, and high-frequency switching.

[0005] Therefore, how to enhance the magnetic force and valve opening of the solenoid valve while maintaining low power consumption, and improve its response speed and control accuracy has become an important issue in the current field of solenoid valve design.

[0006] The present invention proposes an electromagnetic valve with multiple movable iron core structures, which uses a smaller gap design between the multiple iron cores to enhance the magnetic force and increase the valve opening under the same current, thereby solving these problems in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the problem that the existing solenoid valves mentioned in the above background technology have limitations in magnetic force transmission and valve opening ability, the present application provides a multi-active iron core solenoid valve and a design method thereof.

[0008] The present application provides a multi-active iron core solenoid valve and a design method thereof using the following technical solutions:

[0009] A multi-movable iron core solenoid valve comprises at least two movable iron cores, and the movable directions of all movable iron cores are consistent;

[0010] An adjustable gap is arranged between two adjacent movable iron cores, and the gap between the two adjacent movable iron cores increases gradually.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the traditional single movable iron core is changed into multiple movable iron cores, and a gradually increasing gap is provided between two adjacent movable iron cores, so as to change the magnetic field distribution in the solenoid valve, so as to generate a stronger magnetic force under the same current, thereby achieving a more efficient valve opening effect, and the movement displacement of the movable iron core can be increased, so that the valve opening can be increased by the sum of the air gaps between the movable iron cores than before, thereby improving the flow capacity and control accuracy of the solenoid valve.

[0012] Optionally, it also includes a static iron core, which is fixed at the end position of the last movable iron core and has a gap with the last movable iron core. The gap between the static iron core and the last movable iron core is larger than the maximum gap between two adjacent movable iron cores.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the movable iron core is adsorbed by the fixed static iron core during operation, so that after the movable iron core is opened, it can move toward the static iron core as a whole, thereby achieving the valve opening effect.

[0014] Optionally, springs are installed at the gap between the static iron core and the endmost movable iron core, and at the gap between two adjacent movable iron cores.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, in a non-working state, a gap can be formed between adjacent iron cores through the spring, and relative movement between the iron cores can be avoided.

[0016] Optionally, the axes of the static iron core and all the movable iron cores coincide with each other, and a coil frame is provided on the periphery of the static iron core and the movable iron core, and an electromagnetic coil is wound on the coil frame.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, a magnetic field is generated after the electromagnetic coil is energized, thereby applying electromagnetic force to the iron core, causing the iron core to move.

[0018] The present invention also provides a design method for a multi-active iron core solenoid valve, comprising the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: Determine the number of movable iron cores and the gap between each iron core according to the opening force and opening range required by the solenoid valve during operation, and optimize the iron core structure according to the electromagnetic principle to ensure that the solenoid valve generates a larger opening magnetic force under the same current;

[0020] Step 2: By optimizing the gap between the core activities, ensure that multiple electromagnetic forces can overcome the spring force, hydraulic pressure and core gravity to achieve accurate opening of the valve.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the core structure can be further optimized according to the required opening force and opening range and combined with the electromagnetic principle, the response ability and opening force of the solenoid valve under the same current can be improved, and the opening of the solenoid valve can be improved to a certain extent, providing more flexible fluid control for different applications.

[0022] Optionally, in step 1 and step 2, the step of determining the number of movable cores and the gaps between the cores, and the step of optimizing the gaps between the cores include:

[0023] S1. Calculate the opening force F required in a traditional solenoid valve k ; The forces that the opening force needs to overcome are: spring force F t , core gravity F m , hydraulic pressure F y , calculation formula 1 is as follows:

[0024] F k =F m +F t +F y ;

[0025] S2. Calculate the electromagnetic force F; the magnetic induction intensity B generated by the electromagnetic coil, the magnetic circuit cross-sectional area S, and the magnetic permeability μ0 of the air, the electromagnetic force F can be calculated by the following formula 2:

[0026]

[0027] in:

[0028] α is the correction coefficient, and the empirical value is 3 to 5;

[0029] δ is the working air gap length;

[0030] S3. Calculate the maximum valve opening; that is, let the electromagnetic force be equal to the opening force, so that the working air gap length can be calculated, which is the gap between the moving iron core and the static iron core, and is also the maximum valve opening:

[0031]

[0032] S4. Calculation of electromagnetic force F1 in case of two movable iron cores: When the solenoid valve has two movable iron cores, the gap between the two movable iron cores is set to δ1 and δ1<δ, then the electromagnetic force F1 generated can be obtained by formula 2 as follows:

[0033]

[0034] It can be seen that the electromagnetic force F1 is greater than the electromagnetic force F, that is, the two movable iron cores can significantly improve the opening efficiency and opening range of the solenoid valve;

[0035] S5. Optimize based on two movable iron cores; divide the movable iron core into N movable iron cores, and the gap between each movable iron core is δ1, δ2, ... δ N-1 , but the hydraulic pressure F y As the movable core slowly opens, its value will first increase and then decrease, so when designing the gap between each movable core, the maximum value of the hydraulic pressure F should be considered. ymax First, the electromagnetic force generated by the gap between the movable iron core used to block the valve port and its adjacent movable iron core must be greater than or equal to the opening force. Secondly, assuming that the core displacement δ a When the liquid pressure reaches the maximum value, and the gap between the cores in the first direction should be gradually increased to ensure that the closing order of the cores is the first direction, so the gap between the cores should meet the requirements of δ1<δ, δ1<δ2<δ3......<δ N-1 ,δ1+δ2+......δ N-2 <δ a <δ1+δ2+......δ N-1 And the gap is δ N-1 The electromagnetic force F generated when N-1 Greater than the opening force F at maximum hydraulic pressure kmax , that is, Formula 4:

[0036] F kmax <F N-1 ;

[0037] It can pass the maximum hydraulic pressure, and the opening degree at this time is δ+δ1+δ2......+δ N-1 , which not only improves the opening efficiency of the valve but also increases the opening degree of the valve.

[0038] Optionally, the first direction is a direction from a position close to the valve port inside the solenoid valve, passing through multiple movable iron cores, and then to the static iron core.

[0039] By adopting the above technical solution, the first direction is the direction in which the gaps between the iron cores gradually increase, so as to ensure the accuracy of the closing sequence of the iron cores.

[0040] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0041] The present invention decomposes a traditional single movable iron core into multiple movable iron cores and sets smaller gaps between the movable iron cores to change the magnetic field distribution, thereby enhancing the magnetic force.

[0042] In the present invention, multiple movable iron cores interact with each other after being energized, and the air gap between the movable iron cores is reduced compared to the traditional gap. Such a design can generate a stronger magnetic force under the same current, thereby achieving more efficient valve opening.

[0043] Since the present invention decomposes a single movable iron core into multiple movable iron cores and sets smaller gaps between these movable iron cores, the movement displacement of the movable iron core is increased. Therefore, the opening of the valve can be increased by the sum of the air gaps between the movable iron cores, thereby improving the flow capacity and control accuracy of the solenoid valve.

[0044] The multi-active iron core structure of the present invention can adopt two or more active iron cores, and maintain a certain gap between every two iron cores. This design can not only improve the response ability and opening force of the solenoid valve under the same current, but also improve the opening degree of the solenoid valve to a certain extent, providing a more flexible fluid control solution for different application scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the solenoid valve of the present invention.

[0046] Description of reference numerals:

[0047] 1. Valve body; 101. Valve port; 2. Movable iron core; 3. Guide rod; 4. Coil frame; 5. Spring; 6. Static iron core. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0049] As shown in the figure, the embodiment of the present application discloses a multi-movable iron core solenoid valve, including a valve body 1, and a valve port 101 is provided on the valve body 1.

[0050] The electromagnetic valve further comprises a static iron core 6 which is fixed inside the electromagnetic valve.

[0051] It also includes at least two movable iron cores 2, and the movable directions of all movable iron cores 2 are consistent, for example Figure 1In the figure, there are two movable cores 2, and both movable cores 2 can move up and down along the vertical direction in the figure, and an adjustable gap is set between two adjacent movable cores 2, and the gap between two adjacent movable cores 2 gradually increases. In this example, the gradually increasing direction is the bottom-up direction shown in the figure. Among them, the gap between the multiple movable cores 2 is designed to be smaller than the gap between the static core and the moving core in the traditional solenoid valve, which is used to increase the magnetic concentration between the cores, thereby generating a greater magnetic force under the same current.

[0052] In addition, it also includes a guide rod 3 for guiding the moving path of the movable iron core 2 near the valve port 101. The guide rod 3 is installed inside the solenoid valve and is used to make the movable iron core 2 move along its own axial direction. Its structure and principle belong to the conventional settings in the prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0053] In this example, the static iron core 6 is fixed at the end position of the last movable iron core 2 and a gap is formed between the static iron core 6 and the last movable iron core 2 . The gap between the static iron core 6 and the last movable iron core 2 is larger than the maximum gap between two adjacent movable iron cores 2 .

[0054] In this example, springs 5 ​​are installed in the gap between the static iron core 6 and the endmost movable iron core 2, as well as in the gap between two adjacent movable iron cores 2, wherein the static iron core 6 and the movable iron core 2 can be designed as cylindrical structures, and grooves are provided at the end faces of adjacent iron cores, and the ends of the springs 5 ​​are placed in the grooves.

[0055] In this example, the axes of the static iron core 6 and all the movable iron cores 2 coincide with each other, and a coil frame 4 is provided on the periphery of the static iron core 6 and the movable iron core 2, and an electromagnetic coil is wound on the coil frame 4. After the electromagnetic coil is energized, the movable iron core 2 can move. In this solution, the movable iron core 2 near the valve port 101 has the smallest gap with the adjacent movable iron core 2, so the iron core at this position can be closed first, and then the adjacent iron cores are closed in turn, which can significantly improve the opening efficiency and opening range of the solenoid valve.

[0056] This embodiment also provides a design method for a multi-active iron core solenoid valve, comprising the following steps:

[0057] Step 1: Determine the number of movable iron cores and the gap between each iron core according to the opening force and opening range required by the solenoid valve during operation, and optimize the iron core structure according to the electromagnetic principle to ensure that the solenoid valve generates a larger opening magnetic force under the same current;

[0058] Step 2: By optimizing the gap between the core activities, ensure that multiple electromagnetic forces can overcome the spring force, hydraulic pressure and core gravity to achieve accurate opening of the valve.

[0059] Specifically, in step 1 and step 2, the step of determining the number of movable cores and the gaps between the cores, and the step of optimizing the gaps between the cores include:

[0060] S1. Calculate the opening force F required in a traditional solenoid valve k ; The forces that the opening force needs to overcome are: spring force F t , core gravity F m , hydraulic pressure F y , calculation formula 1 is as follows:

[0061] F k =F m +F t +F y ;

[0062] S2. Calculate the electromagnetic force F; the magnetic induction intensity B generated by the electromagnetic coil, the magnetic circuit cross-sectional area S, and the magnetic permeability μ0 of the air, the electromagnetic force F can be calculated by the following formula 2:

[0063]

[0064] in:

[0065] α is the correction coefficient, and the empirical value is 3 to 5;

[0066] δ is the working air gap length;

[0067] S3. Calculate the maximum valve opening; that is, let the electromagnetic force be equal to the opening force, so that the working air gap length can be calculated, which is the gap between the moving iron core and the static iron core, and is also the maximum valve opening:

[0068]

[0069] S4. Calculation of electromagnetic force F1 in case of two movable iron cores: When the solenoid valve has two movable iron cores, the gap between the two movable iron cores is set to δ1 and δ1<δ, then the electromagnetic force F1 generated can be obtained by formula 2 as follows:

[0070]

[0071] It can be seen that the electromagnetic force F1 is greater than the electromagnetic force F, that is, the two movable iron cores can significantly improve the opening efficiency and opening range of the solenoid valve;

[0072] S5. Optimize based on two movable iron cores; divide the movable iron core into N movable iron cores, and the gap between each movable iron core is δ1, δ2, ... δ N-1 , but the hydraulic pressure F y As the movable core slowly opens, its value will first increase and then decrease, so when designing the gap between each movable core, the maximum value of the hydraulic pressure F should be considered.ymax First, the electromagnetic force generated by the gap between the movable iron core used to block the valve port and its adjacent movable iron core must be greater than or equal to the opening force. Secondly, assuming that the core displacement δ a When the liquid pressure reaches the maximum value, and the gap between the cores in the first direction should be gradually increased to ensure that the closing order of the cores is the first direction, so the gap between the cores should meet the requirements of δ1<δ, δ1<δ2<δ3......<δ N-1 ,δ1+δ2+......δ N-2 <δ a <δ1+δ2+......δ N-1 And the gap is δ N-1 The electromagnetic force F generated when N-1 Greater than the opening force F at maximum hydraulic pressure kmax , that is, Formula 4:

[0073] F kmax <F N-1 ;

[0074] It can pass the maximum hydraulic pressure, and the opening degree at this time is δ+δ1+δ2......+δ N-1 , which not only improves the opening efficiency of the valve but also increases the opening degree of the valve.

[0075] Specifically, the first direction is the direction from the position near the valve port inside the solenoid valve, through multiple movable iron cores, to the static iron core. In this example, the first direction is Figure 1 Bottom-up direction shown.

[0076] The above design method is further explained below in combination with specific data.

[0077] Assume that the required opening force F in a conventional solenoid valve is known k =10N, the maximum opening force F is generated when the core displacement is 0.15mm kmax =20N, the magnetic induction intensity generated by the coil is B = 1.5T, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the magnetic circuit is S = 50mm 2 , the magnetic permeability of air μ0=4π×10 -7 H / m, correction factor a=4, so the required gap size can be calculated by formula 3:

[0078]

[0079] So we can get δ = 0.87mm, and also get the valve opening range of 0-0.87mm. But suppose it is improved to two movable iron cores, the gap between the two moving iron cores is 0.1mm, other conditions remain unchanged, the gap between the static iron core and the adjacent moving iron core is set to 0.87mm, then the generated electromagnetic force F1 can be calculated by formula 2:

[0080]

[0081] It can be obtained that the electromagnetic force F1 is equal to 45N, which is much larger than the original 10N, so the valve opening efficiency will also be improved. Because the original moving iron core is divided into two movable iron cores and there is a gap of 0.1mm between the two iron cores, the valve opening range is now 0-0.97mm, which is 0.1mm larger than the original opening.

[0082] Now we can also divide the moving iron core into three active iron cores. Let the first gap δ1 = 0.08mm, that is, the gap between the moving iron core used for blocking and its adjacent moving iron core, the electromagnetic force generated will be greater than 10N, meeting the opening requirement. The second gap δ2 = 0.1mm, the electromagnetic force F2 at this time can be calculated by formula 2:

[0083]

[0084] It can be obtained that the electromagnetic force F2 is equal to 45N, which is greater than the maximum opening force F kmax =20N, which meets the requirements. Therefore, the valve opening range is also increased by 0.18mm, which can reach 0-1.15mm. Therefore, this design not only improves the valve opening efficiency but also increases the valve opening.

[0085] The fluid load will first increase and then decrease during the process of valve opening, so the maximum value of the fluid load and the corresponding opening must be determined first, and then a maximum gap value is determined according to the size of the magnetic force. Then the maximum gap gradually accumulates to be larger than the opening corresponding to the maximum load. Several movable iron cores can be set according to the actual needs by accumulating several layers.

[0086] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-active iron core solenoid valve, characterized in that: It comprises at least two movable iron cores, and the movable directions of all movable iron cores are consistent; An adjustable gap is arranged between two adjacent movable iron cores, and the gap between the two adjacent movable iron cores increases gradually.

2. A multi-active iron core solenoid valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a static iron core, which is fixed at the end position of the last movable iron core and has a gap with the last movable iron core. The gap between the static iron core and the last movable iron core is larger than the maximum gap between two adjacent movable iron cores.

3. A multi-active iron core solenoid valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: Springs are installed at the gap between the static iron core and the endmost movable iron core, and at the gap between two adjacent movable iron cores.

4. A multi-active iron core solenoid valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: The axes of the static iron core and all the movable iron cores coincide with each other, and coil frames are arranged on the peripheries of the static iron core and the movable iron core, and electromagnetic coils are wound on the coil frames.

5. A method for designing a multi-active iron core solenoid valve according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Determine the number of movable iron cores and the gap between each iron core according to the opening force and opening range required by the solenoid valve during operation, and optimize the iron core structure according to the electromagnetic principle to ensure that the solenoid valve generates a larger opening magnetic force under the same current; Step 2: By optimizing the gap between the core activities, ensure that multiple electromagnetic forces can overcome the spring force, hydraulic pressure and core gravity to achieve accurate opening of the valve.

6. The design method of a multi-active iron core solenoid valve according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 1 and step 2, the step of determining the number of movable cores and the gaps between the cores, and the step of optimizing the gaps between the cores include: S1. Calculate the opening force F required in a traditional solenoid valve k ; The forces that the opening force needs to overcome are: spring force F t , core gravity F m , hydraulic pressure F y , calculation formula 1 is as follows: F k =F m +F t +F y ; S2. Calculate the electromagnetic force F; the magnetic induction intensity B generated by the electromagnetic coil, the magnetic circuit cross-sectional area S, and the magnetic permeability μ0 of the air, the electromagnetic force F can be calculated by the following formula 2: in: α is the correction coefficient, and the empirical value is 3 to 5; δ is the working air gap length; S3. Calculate the maximum valve opening; that is, let the electromagnetic force be equal to the opening force, so that the working air gap length can be calculated, which is the gap between the moving iron core and the static iron core, and is also the maximum valve opening: S4. Calculation of electromagnetic force F1 in case of two movable iron cores: When the solenoid valve has two movable iron cores, the gap between the two movable iron cores is set to δ1 and δ1<δ, then the electromagnetic force F1 generated can be obtained by formula 2 as follows: It can be seen that the electromagnetic force F1 is greater than the electromagnetic force F, that is, the two movable iron cores can significantly improve the opening efficiency and opening range of the solenoid valve; S5. Optimize based on two movable iron cores; divide the movable iron core into N movable iron cores, and the gap between each movable iron core is δ1, δ2, ... δ N-1 , but the hydraulic pressure F y As the movable core slowly opens, its value will first increase and then decrease, so when designing the gap between each movable core, the maximum value of the hydraulic pressure F should be considered. ymax First, the electromagnetic force generated by the gap between the movable iron core used to block the valve port and its adjacent movable iron core must be greater than or equal to the opening force. Secondly, assuming that the core displacement δ a When the liquid pressure reaches the maximum value, and the gap between the cores in the first direction should be gradually increased to ensure that the closing order of the cores is the first direction, so the gap between the cores should meet the requirements of δ1<δ, δ1<δ2<δ3......<δ N-1 ,δ1+δ2+......δ N-2 <δ a <δ1+δ2+......δ N-1 And the gap is δ N-1 The electromagnetic force F generated when N-1 Greater than the opening force F at maximum hydraulic pressure kmax , that is, Formula 4: F kmax <F N-1 ; It can pass the maximum hydraulic pressure, and the opening degree at this time is δ+δ1+δ2......+δ N-1 , which not only improves the opening efficiency of the valve but also increases the opening degree of the valve.

7. The design method of a multi-active iron core solenoid valve according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first direction is a direction from a position close to the valve port inside the solenoid valve, through a plurality of movable iron cores, to the stationary iron core.

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