A method and apparatus for the incineration of high flow rate, high nitrogen content waste gases

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of processing high-flow high nitrogen-containing waste gas incinerator and method, the incinerator includes: burner, for providing stable heat source for incinerator;Incinerator, for providing incineration space and denitration space for waste gas incineration, ensure that waste gas is mixed in incinerator, toxic and harmful gas is completely destroyed, and carries out reduction reaction of nitrogen reduction, reduces the NO x Emission concentration, realize the continuous stable efficient treatment of high-flow high nitrogen-containing organic waste gas.The scheme disclosed by the application adopts mature, advanced and reasonable incineration technology, which can efficiently treat high nitrogen-containing waste gas, ensure complete decomposition of harmful substances, and minimize secondary pollution of NO x , Achieve the effect of energy saving, cost saving and pollution reduction.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of chemical waste incineration, and particularly relates to a device and method for incinerating high-flow and high-nitrogen-containing waste gas. BACKGROUND

[0002] The biggest advantage of the incineration method is that it can rapidly and greatly reduce and harmlessly treat waste gas, and is a very effective waste gas treatment method. The waste gas incineration process is a comprehensive process of multiple disciplines such as physical change, chemical change, reaction kinetics, aerodynamics and heat transfer.

[0003] The waste gas incineration system is an important safety and environmental protection facility of a petrochemical enterprise, and is used for treating waste gas discharged by various process devices and auxiliary facilities, can timely, safely and reliably incinerate and treat the waste gas in a harmless manner, and meets relevant environmental protection requirements. The waste gas treatment technology should have an international advanced level, high thermal efficiency, low energy consumption and low pollutant emission. In view of the characteristics of large flow and a large amount of NOx and fuel nitrogen contained in the byproduct waste gas of a chemical device, a device for incinerating high-flow and high-nitrogen-containing waste gas needs to be provided, and a reasonable incineration treatment method is needed to control the content of NOx in flue gas to the lowest level, meet the emission requirements, and realize long-period operation of the system and ensure the reliability of the system. x x SUMMARY

[0004] The present application solves the problem of the prior art, provides a device and method for incinerating high-flow and high-nitrogen-containing waste gas, and can continuously, stably and efficiently treat high-flow and high-nitrogen-containing organic waste gas, effectively reduce the emission of NOx in flue gas, and meet environmental protection standards. x

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present application discloses a device for incinerating high-flow and high-nitrogen-containing waste gas, comprising:

[0006] A burner is used to provide a stable heat source for the incinerator.

[0007] The incinerator is used to provide an incineration space and a denitration space for waste gas incineration, to ensure that the waste gas is mixed, toxic and harmful gases are completely destroyed, and nitrogen reduction reactions are performed in the incinerator, to reduce the emission concentration of NOx in flue gas, and to realize continuous, stable and efficient treatment of high-flow and high-nitrogen-containing organic waste gas. x

[0008] In the above-mentioned device for incinerating high-flow and high-nitrogen-containing waste gas, the burner comprises a shell, a flame detector, a peripheral ring gun, a center combined gun, an ignition gun, a center ring gun, an adjustable tangential cyclone, a center air distributor, a flame stabilizer, a sight glass, an air inlet a, a wind partition, an adjusting baffle valve, a partition, refractory castable, a connecting flange a and a peripheral air injection hole.​​​​

[0009] Air inlet a is rectangular; the air distribution baffle divides air inlet a into two parts, and the adjusting baffle valve is located at the lower part of the air distribution baffle.

[0010] The central air distributor is located at the center of the housing, and the central combination gun is located in the middle of the central air distributor; the flame stabilizer is located at the end of the central combination gun.

[0011] The central ring gun is located around the central combined gun; the adjustable tangential cyclone separator is fixed to the air distribution baffle plate by bolts and is located outside the central ring gun.

[0012] The outer ring gun is positioned around the central ring gun;

[0013] The ignition gun and the central combination gun are arranged adjacent to each other and connected to the top plate of the housing via a flange;

[0014] The flame detector and sight glass are fixed in the middle of the housing;

[0015] The partition is located at the bottom of the shell and is welded and fixed to the shell;

[0016] A refractory castable lining is filled between the bottom of the partition and the bottom plate of the shell; external air jet holes are provided on the refractory castable lining;

[0017] The connecting flange a is located at the bottom of the outer side of the shell and is used to connect to the incinerator.

[0018] In the aforementioned incineration device for treating large-volume, high-nitrogen-content waste gas,

[0019] The central combination gun has a jacket structure, including a central spray gun and a sleeve spray gun; wherein the central spray gun is fitted inside the sleeve spray gun.

[0020] The central ring gun includes: a ring gun main pipe and an annular spray gun barrel; wherein, the ring gun main pipe is welded and fixed to the top plate of the shell, and the ring gun main pipe is connected to 4 to 16 annular spray gun barrels respectively, and the gas is evenly distributed to 4 to 16 annular spray gun barrels after passing through the ring gun main pipe.

[0021] The peripheral ring gun includes: a peripheral ring gun main pipe and peripheral ring gun branch guns; wherein, the peripheral ring gun main pipe is welded and fixed to the periphery of the shell, and the peripheral ring gun main pipe is connected to 8 to 12 peripheral ring gun branch guns respectively, and the gas is evenly distributed to the 8 to 12 peripheral ring gun branch guns after passing through the peripheral ring gun main pipe; each peripheral ring gun branch gun is located in a peripheral air injection hole;

[0022] The flame stabilizer consists of 8 to 16 swirling flame stabilizer blades, which are used to create swirling air and cause partial recirculation of hot flue gas to stabilize the flame of the center combination gun.

[0023] The adjustable tangential cyclone is a cyclone whose swirl intensity can be manually adjusted. It consists of 10 tangential blades connected by a linkage mechanism. The tilt angle of each tangential blade can be adjusted manually or electrically to obtain tangential swirl combustion air with different swirl intensities, so as to fully mix with the fuel gas.

[0024] The regulating damper valve is located below the air inlet a and is used to adjust the air distribution flow according to the gas distribution situation.

[0025] In the above-mentioned incineration device for treating large-volume, high-nitrogen-content waste gas, combustion air is introduced through air inlet a. The combustion air is divided into three parts and enters the burner: the first part of the combustion air enters the flame stabilizer through the central air distributor, and forms swirling air in the central channel to provide air distribution for the combustion of gas in the central combination gun; the second part of the combustion air enters the adjustable tangential swirling air to form tangential swirling air and enters the central annular channel to provide air distribution for the central annular gun; the third part enters through the adjustable baffle valve, is separated from the combustion air space of the first two parts by the air distribution baffle, and then enters the incinerator through the peripheral air nozzles.

[0026] In the above-mentioned incineration device for treating large-volume, high-nitrogen-content waste gas, the inner wall of the shell is lined with high-alumina fiber felt for heat preservation and insulation.

[0027] In the aforementioned incineration device for treating large-volume, high-nitrogen-content waste gas, the incinerator is a horizontal cylindrical furnace. A connecting flange b for connection to the burner is located at the front of the incinerator, and a small combustion chamber is located behind flange b. The rear of the small combustion chamber is divided into a reduction combustion zone and an oxidation combustion zone, with the concave structure within the furnace body at the oxidation air inlet as the boundary. The reduction combustion zone is further divided into a reduction combustion zone a and a reduction combustion zone b, with the secondary waste gas inlet as the boundary. Following the oxidation combustion zone is the SNCR denitrification zone, with the SNCR denitrification zone separated from the SNCR inlet by the SNCR inlet. A primary waste gas inlet and a primary reducing air inlet are located at the conical section connecting the small combustion chamber and the reduction combustion zone a.

[0028] In the aforementioned incineration device for treating large-volume, high-nitrogen-content waste gas,

[0029] Two rings of primary exhaust gas annular nozzles are evenly arranged on the shoulder of the starting end of the reduction incineration zone A. There are a total of 22 primary exhaust gas annular nozzles, of which 10 primary exhaust gas annular nozzles have primary reducing air nozzles arranged in the center. The primary exhaust gas annular nozzles deflect counterclockwise along the radial direction, so that the exhaust gas enters the incinerator in a tangential rotating flow state.

[0030] Two-stage exhaust gas annular nozzles are evenly arranged at the starting end of the reduction incineration zone b; a two-stage reducing air nozzle is arranged in the middle of each two-stage exhaust gas annular nozzle to ensure that the exhaust gas and oxygen are fully mixed and reacted.

[0031] The starting end of the oxidation incineration zone is equipped with an air inlet b and a concave diameter reduction structure. The air inlet b is used to provide the oxygen required for oxidation incineration. The concave diameter reduction structure is used to increase the flue gas velocity and intensify the turbulence between the flue gas and the oxidation air to achieve full oxidation. The concave diameter reduction structure is equipped with uniformly distributed oxidation air nozzles to provide the air required for oxidation incineration. The oxidation air is introduced into the zone through a ring-shaped main pipe and then through the circumferentially distributed oxidation air nozzles, perpendicular to the flue gas flow direction.

[0032] Ten SNCR spray guns are installed at the inlet of the SNCR denitrification zone, arranged in a uniform ring. The flue gas from the oxidation combustion zone enters the SNCR denitrification zone, where the uniformly arranged SNCR spray guns atomize ammonia water with compressed air and inject it into the furnace to further remove NO from the flue gas. x To achieve NO x Ultra-low emissions; the SNCR spray gun atomizes the spray in a 60-degree angle sheet-like pattern.

[0033] In the aforementioned incineration device for treating large-volume, high-nitrogen waste gas, a re-burning device is installed on the waste gas inlet pipe of the incinerator to reduce NO through a reduction reaction. x Content; the reburning device is a single diffusion nozzle, using a counter-current method to evenly spread the reburning fuel in the air duct to ensure uniform mixing of the reburning fuel and exhaust gas. The reburning fuel and exhaust gas enter the reduction and combustion zone together, and simultaneously react with NO in the reduction and combustion zone. x A reduction reaction is carried out to reduce NO. x The generated and reburned fuel is ammonia water or urea solution ammonia gas.

[0034] In the aforementioned incineration device for treating large-volume, high-nitrogen-content waste gas,

[0035] A reduction zone thermocouple and a laser CO analyzer are installed at the outlet of the reduction incineration zone b to monitor the temperature and CO content of the reduction incineration zone b in order to control the reduction air flow rate.

[0036] The SNCR denitrification zone outlet is equipped with a laser O2 analyzer, an outlet thermocouple, and a pressure sensor to monitor O2 content, flue gas temperature, and pressure at the outlet, in order to control the oxidation air flow rate.

[0037] Accordingly, the present invention also discloses an incineration method for treating large-volume, high-nitrogen-content waste gas based on the above-mentioned incineration device, comprising: providing a stable heat source to the incinerator through a burner; under the stable heat source provided by the burner, the incinerator, by setting a reasonable flue gas residence time, and based on staged multi-stage incineration technology, gradient enhanced cyclone incineration technology, reburning denitrification technology and SNCR denitrification technology, achieves continuous, stable and efficient treatment of large-volume, high-nitrogen-content organic waste gas.

[0038] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0039] (1) This invention discloses an incineration device and method for treating large-volume, high-nitrogen-content waste gas. It adopts mature, advanced, and reasonable incineration technology, which can efficiently treat high-nitrogen-content waste gas, ensure complete decomposition of harmful substances, and minimize NO. x This reduces secondary pollution and achieves the effects of energy saving, cost saving, and pollution reduction.

[0040] (2) This invention discloses an incineration device and method for treating large-volume, high-nitrogen-content waste gas, which is applicable to the treatment of large-volume, high-nitrogen-content waste gas in various industrial fields such as petrochemical and coal chemical industries. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a burner according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 AA view;

[0044] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 BB view;

[0045] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 The CC view. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0047] One of the core ideas of this invention is to disclose an incineration device for treating large-volume, high-nitrogen-content waste gas, which can achieve the reduction, harmlessness, and resource recovery of such waste gas. The incineration device mainly includes a burner and an incinerator. The burner provides a high-temperature heat source for treating the high-nitrogen-content waste gas. The burner is a multi-swirling, high-power, combined low-NOx burner primarily used for treating fuel gas; it can provide a power of 5-50 MW and can use various fuel gases. The incinerator adopts a horizontal furnace body. Its function is to provide sufficient combustion and denitrification space for the waste gas, ensuring that the waste gas is mixed within the incinerator, toxic and harmful gases are completely destroyed, and a nitrogen reduction reaction is carried out to reduce NOx content in the flue gas. x Emission concentration.

[0048] Reference Figures 1-5In this embodiment, the incineration device for treating large-volume, high-nitrogen-content waste gas includes a burner 10 and an incinerator. The burner 10 provides a stable heat source for the incinerator; the incinerator provides combustion and denitrification space for the waste gas, ensuring that the waste gas is mixed within the incinerator, toxic and harmful gases are completely destroyed, and a nitrogen reduction reaction is performed to reduce the NO content in the flue gas. x The emission concentration is reduced to achieve continuous, stable, and efficient treatment of large-volume, high-nitrogen organic waste gas.

[0049] In this embodiment, the burner 10 mainly includes: a shell 101, a flame detector 102, an outer ring gun 104, a central combination gun 108, an ignition gun 109, a central ring gun 110, an adjustable tangential swirl diffuser 113, a central air distributor 115, a flame stabilizer 116, a sight glass 117, an air inlet a118, an air distribution baffle 119, an adjusting damper valve 120, a baffle 121, refractory castable 124, a connecting flange a125, and an outer air nozzle 126. The low NO content of the burner is ensured by dispersing and uniformly distributing the gas and rationally distributing the air to avoid localized high-temperature zones. x Important factors affecting emissions. The burner's gas nozzles consist of three sets: a central combination nozzle 108, a central ring nozzle 110, and a peripheral ring nozzle 104. The burner's internal structure is divided into three independent spaces, each supplying air to one of the three gas nozzle sets. One part consists of a central air distributor and a flame stabilizer combined to form a central channel, supplying air to the central combination nozzle. The second part consists of an adjustable tangential vortex diffuser combined with the central annular channel, supplying air to the central ring nozzle. The third part consists of a regulating baffle valve and peripheral air nozzles, with a peripheral ring nozzle branch nozzle arranged in the middle of each peripheral air nozzle for its air supply. Specifically, the air inlet a118 is rectangular; the air distribution baffle 119 divides the air inlet a118 into two parts, and the regulating baffle valve 120 is located at the lower part of the air distribution baffle 119. The central air distributor 115 is located at the center of the housing 101, and the central combination nozzle 108 is located in the middle of the central air distributor 115; the flame stabilizer 116 is located at the end of the central combination nozzle 108. A central ring gun 110 is positioned around the central combined gun 108; an adjustable tangential cyclone separator 113 is bolted to the air distribution baffle 119 and located outside the central ring gun 110; an outer ring gun 104 is positioned around the central ring gun 110. An ignition gun 109 is positioned adjacent to the central combined gun 108 and connected to the top plate of the housing 101 via a flange. A flame detector 102 and a sight glass 117 are fixed in the middle of the housing 101. A baffle 121 is positioned at the lower part of the housing 101 and welded to it. A refractory castable lining 124 is filled between the baffle 121 and the bottom plate of the housing 101; peripheral air nozzles 126 are provided on the refractory castable lining 124. A connecting flange a125 is positioned at the bottom outer side of the housing 101 for connection to the incinerator.

[0050] Preferably, the central combination gun 108 has a jacket structure, mainly comprising: a central spray gun 106 and a sleeve spray gun 107. The central spray gun 106 is fitted inside the sleeve spray gun 107.

[0051] Preferably, the central ring gun 110 mainly includes: a ring gun main pipe 111 and an annular spray gun barrel 112. The ring gun main pipe 111 is welded and fixed to the top plate of the housing 101, and the ring gun main pipe 111 is connected to 4 to 16 annular spray gun barrels 112 respectively. The gas is evenly distributed to the 4 to 16 annular spray gun barrels 112 after passing through the ring gun main pipe 111.

[0052] Preferably, the peripheral ring gun 104 mainly includes: a peripheral ring gun main pipe 103 and peripheral ring gun branch guns 105. The peripheral ring gun main pipe 103 is welded and fixed to the periphery of the housing 101, and is connected to 8 to 12 peripheral ring gun branch guns 105 respectively. The gas is evenly distributed to the 8 to 12 peripheral ring gun branch guns 105 after passing through the peripheral ring gun main pipe 103. Each peripheral ring gun branch gun 105 of the peripheral ring gun 104 is located in a peripheral air nozzle 126.

[0053] Preferably, the flame stabilizer 116 consists of 8 to 16 swirling flame stabilizing blades, used to form swirling air and cause partial recirculation of hot flue gas to stabilize the flame of the central combination gun 108.

[0054] Preferably, the adjustable tangential cyclone 113 is a cyclone with manually adjustable swirl intensity, consisting of 10 tangential blades connected by a linkage mechanism. The tilt angle of each tangential blade can be adjusted manually or electrically to obtain tangential swirl combustion air with different swirl intensities, which can be used to fully mix with the combustion gas.

[0055] Preferably, the regulating baffle valve 120 is located below the air inlet a118 and is used to adjust the air distribution flow according to the gas distribution situation.

[0056] Preferably, combustion air is introduced through air inlet a118. The combustion air is divided into three parts and enters the burner: the first part of the combustion air enters the flame stabilizer 116 through the central air distributor 115, and forms swirling air in the central channel to provide air distribution for the combustion of gas in the central combination gun 108; the second part of the combustion air enters the adjustable tangential swirling air distributor 113 to form tangential swirling air and enters the central annular channel to provide air distribution for the central ring gun 110; the third part enters through the adjusting baffle valve 120, is separated from the combustion air space of the first two parts by the air distribution baffle 119, and then enters the incinerator through the peripheral air nozzle 126.

[0057] Preferably, the inner wall of the shell 101 is provided with a high-alumina fiber felt 114 for heat preservation and insulation.

[0058] In this embodiment, the incinerator is a horizontal cylindrical furnace. A connecting flange b for connection to the burner 10 is provided at the front of the incinerator, and a small combustion chamber 60 is provided behind flange b. The small combustion chamber 60 is divided into a reduction combustion zone and an oxidation combustion zone 40 by the concave structure within the furnace body at the oxidation air inlet. The reduction combustion zone is further divided into a reduction combustion zone a 20 and a reduction combustion zone b 30 by the secondary exhaust gas inlet. Following the oxidation combustion zone 40 is an SNCR denitrification zone 50, which is separated from the SNCR denitrification zone 50 by the SNCR inlet. A primary exhaust gas inlet and a primary reducing air inlet are provided at the conical section connecting the small combustion chamber 60 and the reduction combustion zone a 20.

[0059] Preferably, two rings of primary exhaust gas annular nozzles 201 are evenly arranged in a ring at the shoulder of the starting end of the reduction incineration zone a 20; there are a total of 22 primary exhaust gas annular nozzles 201, of which 10 primary exhaust gas annular nozzles have primary reducing air nozzles 202 arranged in their centers; the primary exhaust gas annular nozzles 201 are deflected counterclockwise along the radial direction, so that the exhaust gas enters the incinerator in a tangential rotating flow state. This flow state does not affect the main flame, and at the same time, it introduces the primary exhaust gas and air into the incinerator under the premise of sufficient mixing. Secondary exhaust gas annular nozzles 303 are evenly arranged at the starting end of the reduction incineration zone b 30; a secondary reducing air nozzle 304 is arranged in the center of each secondary exhaust gas annular nozzle 303 to ensure that the exhaust gas and oxygen are fully mixed and reacted; the secondary exhaust gas annular nozzles 303 are evenly distributed in a ring, and further impact and mix the rotating flow state formed by the previous flue gas at a higher speed, increasing the turbulence in the furnace and enhancing the mixing of exhaust gas, air and hot flue gas. The starting end of the oxidation combustion zone 40 is equipped with an air inlet b and a concave diameter reduction structure. Air inlet b provides the oxygen required for oxidation combustion. The concave diameter reduction structure increases the flue gas velocity and intensifies the turbulence between the flue gas and the oxidizing air to achieve complete oxidation. Uniformly distributed oxidizing air nozzles 401 are installed at the concave diameter reduction structure to provide the air required for oxidation combustion. The oxidizing air enters through a ring-shaped main pipe and then through the circumferentially distributed oxidizing air nozzles 401, perpendicular to the flue gas flow direction. Based on the above-mentioned "gradient-enhanced swirl combustion technology," the dynamic flow field of the flue gas inside the incinerator can be optimized through aerodynamic design to ensure combustion efficiency.

[0060] Preferably, 10 SNCR spray guns 504 are installed at the inlet of the SNCR denitrification zone 50, and the 10 SNCR spray guns 504 are arranged in a ring evenly. The SNCR denitrification zone 50 is used to further remove NO from the flue gas when ultra-low NOx emissions are required. x Specifically: the flue gas from the oxidation incineration zone 40 enters the SNCR denitrification zone 50, where SNCR spray guns 504, arranged in a ring, atomize ammonia water with compressed air and spray it into the furnace to further remove NO from the flue gas. x To achieve NO xUltra-low emissions; the SNCR spray gun 504 atomizes into a 60-degree angle sheet spray.

[0061] Preferably, a reburning device 205 is installed on the exhaust gas inlet pipe of the incinerator to reduce NO through a reduction reaction. x Content; the reburning device 205 is a single diffusion nozzle, using a counter-current method to evenly spread the reburning fuel in the air duct in a counter-current manner, ensuring uniform mixing of the reburning fuel and exhaust gas. The reburning fuel and exhaust gas enter the reduction and combustion zone together, and simultaneously react with NO in the reduction and combustion zone. x A reduction reaction is carried out to reduce NO. x The generated and reburned fuel is ammonia water or urea solution ammonia gas. Through the aforementioned "reburning denitrification technology," NO reduction can be further achieved. x The purpose.

[0062] It is evident that the reduction incineration zone and reburning device can be used to reduce NO in exhaust gas. x The generation of NO is further addressed in the oxidation and incineration zone, which is used to further oxidize and destroy unreacted organic matter. The SNCR denitrification zone, in addition to meeting the requirements for NO... x It can further reduce nitrogen oxide emissions when it reaches ultra-low emissions.

[0063] Furthermore, a reduction zone thermocouple 301 and a laser CO analyzer 302 are installed at the outlet of the reduction incineration zone b 30 to monitor the temperature and CO content of the reduction incineration zone b 30, thereby controlling the reduction air flow rate. Preferably, a laser O2 analyzer 501, an outlet thermocouple 502, and a pressure sensor 503 are installed at the outlet of the SNCR denitrification zone 50 to monitor the O2 content, the outlet flue gas temperature, and the pressure, thereby controlling the oxidation air flow rate.

[0064] In this embodiment, the air is divided into burner combustion air, reducing air, and oxidizing air, which enter the burner, reduction combustion zone, and oxidizing combustion zone, respectively. The airflow is mainly allocated to the air volume required by the reduction and oxidizing combustion zones to ensure the air coefficient required for the chemical reaction. The burner air distribution design has an oxygen deficiency coefficient range of 0.65 to 0.85; the reduction combustion zone air distribution design has an oxygen deficiency coefficient of 0.8 to 0.9, and the operating temperature of the reduction combustion zone is between 900°C and 1000°C; the oxidizing combustion zone air distribution design uses the oxygen content in the outlet flue gas and the combustion temperature as indicators, generally with an oxygen content of 2% to 4% and a combustion temperature of 850% to 900°C.

[0065] The staged combustion of waste gas in an incinerator mainly refers to dividing the waste gas into two stages, with design flow rates of 50% and 50% of the total flow rate, respectively. These stages then enter the reduction combustion zone A and reduction combustion zone B through waste gas loop pipes. The "staged multi-stage combustion technology" achieves low-NOx combustion by dividing the air and waste gas in the incinerator into multiple stages with different combustion functions.

[0066] The total residence time of flue gas in the incinerator furnace is 2.3–5 seconds. Specifically, the residence time in the reduction combustion zone is 0.8–1.5 seconds; in the oxidation combustion zone, it is 1–2 seconds; and in the SNCR denitrification zone, it is 0.5–1.5 seconds. By setting a reasonable flue gas residence time during low-NOx incineration, sufficient reaction and decomposition of the waste gas can be achieved, thus meeting safe emission standards.

[0067] Based on the above embodiments, the present invention also discloses an incineration method for treating large-flow, high-nitrogen-content waste gas based on the above-mentioned incineration device, comprising: providing a stable heat source to the incinerator through a burner; under the stable heat source provided by the burner, the incinerator, by setting a reasonable flue gas residence time, and based on staged multi-stage incineration technology, gradient enhanced cyclone incineration technology, reburning denitrification technology, and SNCR denitrification technology, achieving continuous, stable, and efficient treatment of large-flow, high-nitrogen-content organic waste gas. Wherein:

[0068] 1) Reasonable flue gas residence time

[0069] The total residence time of flue gas in the incinerator furnace is 2.3–5 seconds. Specifically, the residence time in the reduction combustion zone is 0.8–1.5 seconds; in the oxidation combustion zone, it is 1–2 seconds; and in the SNCR denitrification zone, it is 0.5–1.5 seconds. By setting a reasonable flue gas residence time during low-NOx incineration, sufficient reaction and decomposition of the waste gas can be achieved, thus meeting safe emission standards.

[0070] 2) Staged multi-stage incineration technology

[0071] The incinerator is configured according to its function as follows: reduction combustion zone, oxidation combustion zone and SNCR denitrification zone.

[0072] In the oxygen-deficient environment of the reduction incineration zone, various nitrogen-containing compounds and NO carried in the exhaust gas... x It was reduced to N2, rather than forming NO. x The operating temperature of the reduction incineration zone is adjusted by controlling the stoichiometry. By controlling the stoichiometry and incineration temperature, the reduction incineration zone significantly suppresses the generation of fuel-type NO. x The generation of .

[0073] The oxidation incineration zone thoroughly decomposes CO and unreacted organic matter in the flue gas by introducing sufficient air.

[0074] SNCR denitrification zone, as a denitrification method, in NO x It will be activated when emission requirements are extremely low.

[0075] Air is divided into combustion air, reducing air, and oxidizing air, which enter the burner, reduction combustion zone, and oxidizing combustion zone, respectively. Airflow is primarily designed to allocate the required air volume for the reduction and oxidizing combustion zones to ensure the necessary air coefficient for the chemical reactions. The burner air distribution design has an oxygen deficiency coefficient range of 0.65–0.85; the reduction combustion zone air distribution design has an oxygen deficiency coefficient range of 0.8–0.9, with an operating temperature between 900℃ and 1000℃; the oxidizing combustion zone air distribution design is based on the oxygen content and combustion temperature in the outlet flue gas, typically with an oxygen content of 2–4% and a combustion temperature of 850–900℃.

[0076] The incinerator's staged combustion process mainly refers to dividing the waste gas into two stages, with design flow rates of 50% and 50% of the total flow rate, respectively. These stages enter the reduction combustion zone A and reduction combustion zone B through waste gas loop pipes. When the waste gas flow rate decreases under low load, the distribution of the two stages can be adjusted according to the actual waste gas volume. The small flow rate of waste gas is concentrated at the first-stage waste gas inlet and injected into the furnace to ensure the waste gas injection velocity and mixing efficiency.

[0077] 3) Gradient-enhanced swirl combustion technology

[0078] The burner employs swirling combustion, generating swirling air supply through a flame stabilizer, adjustable tangential swirler, and peripheral circumferential air ducts to promote the mixing of air and fuel gas. The burner produces a rotating flame, providing a heat source for the entire incinerator furnace.

[0079] By arranging swirling nozzles and opposing nozzles for the exhaust gas in the incinerator, the combined flow patterns increase the turbulence within the incinerator furnace, effectively organizing the combustion flow throughout the furnace. Specifically, exhaust gas nozzles are arranged at the shoulder of the starting end of reduction incineration zone A, with uniform circumferential arrangement and tangential rotation angles to create swirling flow. A ring of opposing central exhaust gas nozzles is evenly arranged at the starting end of reduction incineration zone B to disperse the swirling flow and increase turbulence. Combustion air inlets are respectively installed at the starting ends of reduction incineration zones A and B, using nozzles located at the center of the exhaust gas nozzles to provide the oxygen required for combustion. A concave diameter reduction structure is installed between the oxidation and reduction incineration zones, with evenly distributed oxidation air inlet nozzles in the concave area to provide the air required for oxidation combustion. This concave diameter reduction structure increases the flue gas velocity and intensifies the turbulence between the flue gas and oxidation air, achieving thorough oxidation.

[0080] The incinerator employs a multi-stage nozzle combination of front-to-back swirling and counter-flowing jets. Primary exhaust gas and primary reducing air are injected through swirling nozzles, forming a ring-shaped tangential combustion and mixing flow around the central flame. Secondary exhaust gas and secondary reducing air are injected through circumferential nozzles in a counter-flowing manner, which disperses the swirling flow field formed earlier and promotes mixing. Oxidation air continues to be injected through annular nozzles at the constricted end in a counter-flowing manner to ensure thorough mixing of the oxidizing air and flue gas. The entire furnace aerodynamic layout of the incinerator adopts a gradient distribution, using a combination of swirling and counter-flowing jets to promote thorough mixing and reaction of exhaust gas and air within the furnace, thereby improving the reaction efficiency of large-volume nitrogen-containing exhaust gas.

[0081] 4) Reburning denitrification technology

[0082] A re-combustion device is installed on the exhaust gas inlet pipe. This device uses ammonia gas, ammonia water, or urea solution as re-combustion fuel and employs a counter-current flow method to evenly distribute the re-combustion fuel in the ductwork, ensuring uniform mixing between the re-combustion fuel and the exhaust gas. After the exhaust gas enters the reduction and combustion zone, the re-combustion fuel mixes with NO... x The reaction generates N2, thereby reducing NO levels. x The purpose.

[0083] 5) SNCR denitrification technology

[0084] SNCR denitrification zone is used for NO x It is used when ultra-low emission levels are required, or when the nitrogen content in the exhaust gas is increased, to further remove NO from the flue gas. x For example, at the furnace outlet NO x If emissions meet standards, this zone does not need to be activated. Combustion products from the oxidation incineration zone enter the SNCR denitrification zone (NOx). x Selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) system atomizes ammonia water with compressed air and injects it into the furnace, where ammonia reacts with NO. x The reaction reduces NO to N2. The SNCR denitrification zone is effective against NO. x The reduction efficiency is 30% to 60%.

[0085] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention by utilizing the methods and techniques disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

[0086] The contents not described in detail in this specification are common knowledge to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An incineration device for treating large-volume, high-nitrogen-content waste gas, characterized in that, include: Burner (10) is used to provide a stable heat source for the incinerator; An incinerator provides combustion and denitrification space for waste gas incineration, ensuring that the waste gas is mixed within the incinerator, toxic and harmful gases are completely destroyed, and nitrogen reduction reactions are carried out to reduce NO in the flue gas. x Emission concentration, enabling continuous, stable, and efficient treatment of large-volume, high-nitrogen-content organic waste gas; The burner (10) includes: a shell (101), a flame detector (102), an outer ring gun (104), a central combination gun (108), an ignition gun (109), a central ring gun (110), an adjustable tangential swirl generator (113), a central air distributor (115), a flame stabilizer (116), a sight glass (117), an air inlet a (118), an air distribution baffle (119), an adjusting damper valve (120), a baffle plate (121), and refractory castable. Lining (124), connecting flange a (125), and peripheral air nozzles (126); wherein, the air inlet a (118) is rectangular; the air distribution baffle (119) divides the air inlet a (118) into two parts, and the regulating baffle valve (120) is located at the lower part of the air distribution baffle (119); the central air distributor (115) is located at the center of the housing (101), and the central combination gun (108) is located in the middle of the central air distributor (115); the flame stabilizer (116) is provided At the end of the central combination gun (108); the central ring gun (110) is located around the central combination gun (108); the adjustable tangential cyclone separator (113) is fixed to the air distribution baffle (119) by bolts and is located outside the central ring gun (110); the peripheral ring gun (104) is located around the central ring gun (110); the ignition gun (109) is located adjacent to the central combination gun (108) and is connected to the top plate of the housing (101) by a flange; the flame detector (1... 02) and sight glass (117) are fixed in the middle of the shell (101); partition (121) is set in the lower part of the shell (101) and welded to the shell (101); refractory castable lining (124) is filled between the bottom of the partition (121) and the bottom plate of the shell (101); peripheral air nozzles (126) are provided on the refractory castable lining (124); connecting flange a (125) is set at the bottom of the outer side of the shell (101) for connection with the incinerator.

2. The incineration device for treating large-flow-rate, high-nitrogen-content waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central combination gun (108) has a jacket structure, including: a central spray gun (106) and a sleeve spray gun (107); wherein, the central spray gun (106) is fitted inside the sleeve spray gun (107); The central ring gun (110) includes: a ring gun main pipe (111) and an annular spray gun barrel (112); wherein, the ring gun main pipe (111) is welded and fixed to the top plate of the shell (101), and the ring gun main pipe (111) is connected to 4 to 16 annular spray gun barrels (112) respectively, and the gas is evenly distributed to the 4 to 16 annular spray gun barrels (112) after passing through the ring gun main pipe (111). The peripheral ring gun (104) includes: a peripheral ring gun main pipe (103) and peripheral ring gun branch guns (105); wherein, the peripheral ring gun main pipe (103) is welded and fixed to the periphery of the housing (101), and the peripheral ring gun main pipe (103) is connected to 8 to 12 peripheral ring gun branch guns (105) respectively, and the gas is evenly distributed to the 8 to 12 peripheral ring gun branch guns (105) after passing through the peripheral ring gun main pipe (103); each peripheral ring gun branch gun (105) of the peripheral ring gun (104) is located in a peripheral air nozzle (126); The flame stabilizer (116) consists of 8 to 16 swirling flame stabilizer blades, which are used to form swirling air and cause partial recirculation of hot flue gas to stabilize the flame of the central assembly gun (108); The adjustable tangential cyclone separator (113) is a cyclone separator whose swirl intensity can be manually adjusted. It consists of 10 tangential blades connected by a linkage mechanism. The tilt angle of each tangential blade can be adjusted by manual or electric handle to obtain tangential swirl combustion air with different swirl intensities, which can be used to fully mix with the combustion gas. The regulating baffle valve (120) is located below the air inlet a (118) and is used to adjust the air distribution flow according to the gas distribution situation.

3. The incineration device for treating large-flow-rate, high-nitrogen-content waste gas according to claim 2, characterized in that, Combustion air is introduced through air inlet a (118). The combustion air is divided into three parts and enters the burner: the first part of the combustion air enters the flame stabilizer (116) through the central air distributor (115), and forms a swirling air through the central channel to provide air distribution for the combustion of gas in the central combination gun (108); the second part of the combustion air enters the adjustable tangential swirling air distributor (113) to form a tangential swirling air that enters the central annular channel to provide air distribution for the central ring gun (110); the third part enters through the adjusting baffle valve (120), is separated from the combustion air space of the first two parts by the air distribution baffle (119), and then enters the incinerator through the peripheral air nozzle (126).

4. The incineration device for treating large-flow-rate, high-nitrogen-content waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the shell (101) is provided with high-alumina fiber felt (114) for heat preservation and insulation.

5. The incineration device for treating large-flow-rate, high-nitrogen-content waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The incinerator is a horizontal cylindrical furnace; a connecting flange b for connecting to the burner (10) is provided at the front of the incinerator, and a small combustion chamber (60) is provided at the rear of the flange b; the rear of the small combustion chamber (60) is divided into a reduction combustion zone and an oxidation combustion zone (40) by the concave structure of the furnace body at the oxidation air inlet; the reduction combustion zone is divided into a reduction combustion zone a (20) and a reduction combustion zone b (30) by the secondary exhaust gas inlet; the SNCR denitrification zone (50) is located after the oxidation combustion zone (40), and the SNCR denitrification zone (50) is divided by the SNCR inlet; a primary exhaust gas inlet and a primary reducing air inlet are provided at the connecting cone section between the small combustion chamber (60) and the reduction combustion zone a (20).

6. The incineration device for treating large-flow-rate, high-nitrogen-content waste gas according to claim 5, characterized in that, The shoulder of the starting end of the reduction incineration zone a (20) is uniformly arranged with two rings of primary exhaust gas annular nozzles (201); there are a total of 22 primary exhaust gas annular nozzles (201), of which 10 primary exhaust gas annular nozzles are arranged with primary reduction air nozzles (202) in the center; the primary exhaust gas annular nozzles (201) are deflected counterclockwise along the radial direction, so that the exhaust gas enters the incinerator in a tangential rotating flow state; The starting end of the reduction incineration zone b (30) is uniformly arranged with secondary exhaust gas annular nozzles (303); each secondary exhaust gas annular nozzle (303) has a secondary reduction air nozzle (304) arranged in the middle to ensure that the exhaust gas and oxygen are fully mixed and reacted. The starting end of the oxidation incineration zone (40) is provided with an air inlet b and a concave diameter reduction structure; wherein, the air inlet b is used to provide oxygen required for oxidation incineration; the concave diameter reduction structure is used to increase the flue gas flow rate and intensify the disturbance between the flue gas and the oxidation air in order to achieve the purpose of full oxidation; uniformly distributed oxidation air nozzles (401) are provided at the concave diameter reduction structure to provide air required for oxidation incineration; the oxidation air is introduced into the zone through a ring main pipe and then through the circumferentially distributed oxidation air nozzles (401), which are perpendicular to the flue gas flow direction; Ten SNCR spray guns (504) are installed at the inlet of the SNCR denitrification zone (50), and the ten SNCR spray guns (504) are arranged in a ring evenly. Among them, the flue gas from the oxidation incineration zone (40) enters the SNCR denitrification zone (50), and the SNCR spray guns (504) arranged in a ring evenly spray ammonia water into the furnace after being atomized by compressed air, so as to further remove NO in the flue gas. x To achieve NO x Ultra-low emissions; the SNCR spray gun (504) atomizes into a 60-degree angle sheet spray.

7. The incineration device for treating large-flow-rate, high-nitrogen-content waste gas according to claim 5, characterized in that, A reburning device (205) is installed on the exhaust gas inlet pipe of the incinerator to reduce NO through a reduction reaction. x Content; The reburning device (205) is a single diffusion nozzle, which adopts a counter-current method to evenly spread the reburning fuel in the air duct in a counter-current manner to ensure that the reburning fuel and the exhaust gas are mixed evenly. The reburning fuel and the exhaust gas enter the reduction and combustion zone together, and at the same time, they react with the NO in the reduction and combustion zone. x A reduction reaction is carried out to reduce NO. x The generated and reburned fuel is ammonia water or urea solution ammonia gas.

8. The incineration device for treating large-volume, high-nitrogen-content waste gas according to claim 5, characterized in that, A reduction zone thermocouple (301) and a laser CO analyzer (302) are installed at the outlet of the reduction incineration zone b (30) to monitor the temperature and CO content of the reduction incineration zone b (30) in order to control the reduction air flow rate; The SNCR denitrification zone (50) is equipped with a laser O2 analyzer (501), an outlet thermocouple (502), and a pressure sensor (503) at the outlet to monitor the O2 content, the flue gas temperature and pressure at the outlet, so as to control the oxidation air flow rate.

9. A method for treating large-volume, high-nitrogen-content waste gas by incineration based on the incineration device described in claim 1, characterized in that, include: The burner (10) provides a stable heat source for the incinerator. Under the stable heat source provided by the burner (10), the incinerator achieves continuous, stable and efficient treatment of large flow of high nitrogen-containing organic waste gas by setting a reasonable flue gas residence time and based on staged multi-stage incineration technology, gradient enhanced cyclone incineration technology, reburning denitrification technology and SNCR denitrification technology.

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