A quickly detachable civil air defense gas filtration device and its usage method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of civil air defense equipment, and discloses a quickly detachable civil air defense gas filtration device and its usage method. The device includes a box body, the bottom of the box body is in contact with a base, a fixing hole is opened on the right side of the base, and the number of the fixing holes is several. A slideway is opened at the bottom of the box body, and a dust box is in contact with the inner wall of the slideway. A quick disassembly component, the quick disassembly component includes a housing, a sliding groove is opened at the top of the housing, a first pressing block is in contact with the inner wall of the sliding groove, a second pressing block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first pressing block, and the spring column that sways left and right will drive the first brush plate to sweep away the impurities and dust remaining and accumulating on the inner wall of the box body, so that they fall on the bottom of the inner wall of the box body, enabling the device to easily and quickly clean the inner wall, avoiding the problem that excessive dust accumulation inside affects the filtration effect. At the same time, when the staff disassembles the whole device, they can also clean the inner wall of the device without manual operation, reducing the workload of the staff.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of civil air defense equipment, and specifically relates to a civil air defense gas filtration device that can be quickly disassembled and its usage method. Background Art

[0002] A civil air defense gas filtration chamber is a facility used to filter toxic and harmful substances in the air and provide a safe breathing environment for personnel. The core of this device is its gas filtration equipment, which can adsorb and decompose harmful substances in the air. An activated carbon filter is a common type, which can absorb toxic gases, while chemical adsorbents are used to handle more complex chemical substances and radioactive substances.

[0003] However, during long-term use of this device, it is inevitable that some dust or dirt will adhere to the inner wall. If too much accumulates, it will cause the device to be affected again after purifying the gas, resulting in a deterioration of the gas filtration plate effect. At the same time, the dust on the inner wall is not convenient to clean, and it takes a lot of time for the staff to clean it. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a civil air defense gas filtration device that can be quickly disassembled, including a box body. The bottom of the box body is in contact with a base. A fixing hole is opened on the right side of the base, and the number of fixing holes is several. A slideway is opened at the bottom of the box body, and a dust box is in contact with the inner wall of the slideway;

[0005] It also includes a quick disassembly component. The quick disassembly component includes a housing. A sliding slot is opened at the top of the housing, and a pressing block one is in contact with the inner wall of the sliding slot. The bottom of the pressing block one is fixedly connected to a pressing block two. A protective shell is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the box body;

[0006] An anti-misoperation component. The number of anti-misoperation components is two, and the parts included in the two anti-misoperation components are the same. The anti-misoperation component includes a fixing cylinder. The bottom of the fixing cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the base. A notch is opened on the inner wall of the fixing cylinder, and a spring bead is in contact with the inner wall of the notch. A moving column one is in contact with the inner wall of the fixing cylinder, and a limiting groove is opened on the outer surface of the moving column one;

[0007] Cleaning assembly, the number of cleaning assemblies is two, and the parts included in the two cleaning assemblies are the same. The cleaning assembly includes a second moving column. A spring column is fixedly connected to the top of the second moving column. The bottom of the spring column contacts a second fixing plate. A first brush plate is fixedly connected to the left side of the spring column. When the staff lifts the whole device, due to the function of the anti-misoperation component, the rise of the box body will not drive the second moving column to move synchronously. However, the second fixing plate will move synchronously when the box body rises. Since the second fixing plate is arranged in a stepped shape, the spring column can shake left and right while contacting it and when the second fixing plate moves. The spring column that shakes left and right will drive the first brush plate to sweep away the impurities and dust remaining and accumulated on the inner wall of the box body, making them fall to the bottom of the inner wall of the box body, so that the device can easily and quickly clean the inner wall, avoiding the problem that excessive dust accumulation inside affects the filtering effect. At the same time, when the staff disassembles the whole device, they do not need to clean the inner wall of the device manually, reducing the workload of the staff.

[0008] Preferably, the inner wall of the protective shell contacts the outer surface of the second pressing block. A first fixing column is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second pressing block. A sliding column is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first fixing column. The bottom of the inner wall of the protective shell is fixedly connected to a slide rail. A sliding block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the slide rail. An inclined groove is formed in the front surface of the sliding block. The outer surface of the sliding column contacts the inner wall of the inclined groove. A first spring is fixedly connected to the right side of the sliding block. The right side of the first spring is fixedly connected to the left side of the inner wall of the protective shell. In the present invention, when the staff presses the first pressing block, the outer shell moves downward. The downward movement of the outer shell will drive the two second pressing blocks to move synchronously at the same time. The movement of the two pressing blocks will press the first fixing column inside the protective shell downward. Since the inclined groove is formed in the front surface of the sliding block, the first fixing column will make the sliding block move in the opposite direction of the box body when driving the sliding column to press downward, so that the sliding block is pulled out from the fixing hole opened in the box body, and the device is released from the restriction. At this time, the staff can lift the outer shell and lift the outer shell out of the base, which is convenient for the staff to quickly disassemble the device. Compared with the previous cumbersome disassembly method, this method can make the staff more convenient and fast when disassembling the device and can save a lot of time.

[0009] Preferably, a telescopic column is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second moving column. A hook is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the telescopic column through a pin shaft. A sliding ring is slidably connected to the outer surface of the telescopic column on the side close to the first moving column. A first fixing plate is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the telescopic column on the side far from the sliding ring.

[0010] Preferably, a rotating rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the first fixing plate. The number of the first fixing plates is several, and the several first fixing plates are arranged in a circular array. The top of the rotating rod is rotatably connected to a first rope. The top of the first rope is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the telescopic column. By continuously lifting the box body in the present invention, the telescopic column drives the first rope to be pulled. The pulling of the first rope causes the rotating rod to rotate under the restriction of the first fixing plate. Since the lower part of the rotating rod is bent, when the first rope is pulled, the bent side of the rotating rod will continuously approach the inner wall of the first moving column until the several rotating rods support the inner wall of the first moving column. At this time, continuing to lift the device upward will drive the first moving column to lift upward. When the limiting groove opened on the first moving column is lifted to the position of the spring bead, the spring bead will pop into the limiting groove to restrict it, so that the first moving column is fixed. At this time, moving the device downward, since the diameter of the first fixing plate is larger than that of the first moving column, the continuously descending telescopic column will drive the hook to continue to move downward until it hangs at the bottom of the telescopic column. The contraction of the telescopic column will cause the rotating rod to reset, cancel the restriction on the first moving column, and enable the device to be taken out as a whole. This device can prevent the problem that when the device and the ventilation duct are not completely disassembled, the staff forgets that they are not completely disassembled or improperly operates to lift the device, resulting in damage to the connection between the device and the ventilation pipe. At the same time, it can also enable the device to operate subsequently.

[0011] Preferably, the two cleaning components are symmetrically arranged with the second fixing plate as the center. The second fixing plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the box body. The back of the second fixing plate is rotatably connected to a spring rotating plate. The number of the spring rotating plates is several, and the several spring rotating plates are arranged in a vertical array.

[0012] Preferably, a collecting component is arranged inside the box body. The number of the collecting components is two. The two collecting components are symmetrically arranged with the spring rotating plate as the center. The parts included in the two collecting components are the same. The collecting component includes a lower pressing plate. The front of the lower pressing plate is fixedly connected to the back of the second moving column. The number of the second moving columns is two. The right side of the second moving column on the right is rotatably connected to a second rope.

[0013] Preferably, a second fixing column is in contact with the bottom of the second rope. The right side of the second fixing column is fixedly connected to the right inner wall of the box body. A scraper is in contact with the bottom of the inner wall of the box body. A connecting plate is fixedly connected to the top of the scraper. A second brush plate is fixedly connected to the front of the scraper. A second spring is fixedly connected to the back of the scraper. A limiting groove is formed on the right side of the scraper. The inner wall of the limiting groove is slidably connected to the right inner wall of the box body. An assembly groove is formed on the bottom of the inner wall of the box body. A spring pressing block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the assembly groove. A blocking block is fixedly connected to the top of the spring pressing block. In the present invention, the lower pressing plate contacts the spring pressing block and presses it down when the box body is continuously lifted. The spring pressing block drives the blocking block to move synchronously when being pressed down. The movement of the blocking block releases the restriction on the scraper. The scraper after the restriction is released will be ejected under the action of the second spring. The ejected scraper drives the second brush plate to move synchronously, so as to push the dust and residues remaining at the bottom of the inner wall of the box body and the dust scraped by the first brush plate, and scrape all the dust into the dust box. The staff can directly remove the dust box without manually collecting the dust, enabling the device to collect the dust after the internal cleaning is completed, facilitating the thorough cleaning of the inside of the device.

[0014] A using method of a quickly detachable civil air defense gas filtration device includes the following steps:

[0015] S1: Disassemble the whole device;

[0016] S2: Lift and lower the device to clean its interior;

[0017] S3: Disassemble the device and remove the dust box.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] (1) When the staff lifts the whole device in the present invention, due to the function of the anti-misoperation component, the elevation of the box body will not drive the second moving column to move synchronously. However, the second fixing plate will move synchronously when the box body is elevated. Since the second fixing plate is arranged in a stepped shape, the spring column can shake left and right while contacting it and when the second fixing plate moves. The spring column that shakes left and right drives the first brush plate to sweep away the impurities and dust remaining and accumulated on the inner wall of the box body, making them fall to the bottom of the inner wall of the box body, enabling the device to easily and quickly clean the inner wall, avoiding the problem that excessive dust accumulation inside affects the filtration effect. At the same time, when the staff disassembles the whole device, they can clean the inner wall of the device without manual operation, reducing the workload of the staff.

[0020] (2)When the staff of the present invention presses the first pressing block, the outer shell moves downward. The downward movement of the outer shell will simultaneously drive the two second pressing blocks to move synchronously. The movement of the two pressing blocks will press down the first fixing column inside the protective shell. Since the front surface of the sliding block is provided with an inclined groove, when the first fixing column drives the sliding column to press down, the sliding block will move in the opposite direction of the box body, and the sliding block will be withdrawn from the fixing hole provided in the box body, so that the device is released from the restriction. At this time, the staff can lift the outer shell and lift the outer shell out of the base, which is convenient for the staff to quickly disassemble the device. Compared with the previous cumbersome disassembly method, this method can make the staff more convenient and fast when disassembling the device, and a lot of time can be saved.

[0021] (3)When the present invention continuously lifts the box body, the telescopic column drives the first rope to be pulled. The pulling of the first rope will cause the rotating rod to rotate under the restriction of the first fixing plate. Since the lower part of the rotating rod is bent, when the first rope is pulled, the bent side of the rotating rod will continuously approach the inner wall of the first moving column until several rotating rods support the inner wall of the first moving column. At this time, continuing to lift the device upward will drive the first moving column to lift upward. When the limiting groove provided in the first moving column is lifted to the position of the spring bead, the spring bead will pop into the limiting groove to restrict it, so that the first moving column is fixed. At this time, when the device is moved downward, since the diameter of the first fixing plate is larger than that of the first moving column, the continuously descending telescopic column will drive the hook to continue to move downward until it hangs at the bottom of the telescopic column. The contraction of the telescopic column will cause the rotating rod to reset and cancel the restriction on the first moving column, so that the device can be taken out as a whole. This device can prevent the staff from forgetting to completely disassemble or operating improperly to lift the device when the device and the ventilation pipe are not completely disassembled, resulting in damage to the connection between the device and the ventilation pipe. At the same time, it can also make the device operate subsequently.

[0022] (4)When the present invention continuously lifts the box body, the lower pressing plate contacts the spring pressing block and presses it down. When the spring pressing block is pressed down, it will drive the stopper to move synchronously. The movement of the stopper will release the restriction on the scraper. After the restriction is released, the scraper will be ejected under the action of the second spring. The ejected scraper will drive the second brush plate to move synchronously, and then the dust and residues remaining at the bottom of the inner wall of the box body and the dust scraped by the first brush plate can be pushed, and all the dust will be scraped into the dust box. The staff can directly remove the dust box without manually collecting the dust, so that the device can collect the dust after the internal cleaning is completed, which is convenient for the thorough cleaning of the inside of the device. Description of the Drawings

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 Schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the quick-disassembly component of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged structural schematic diagram of part A in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the anti-misoperation component of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the cleaning component of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the collection component of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged structural schematic diagram of part B in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the working process of the present invention.

[0033] In the accompanying drawings, the list of components represented by each reference numeral is as follows:

[0034] In the figure: 1, box body; 11, base; 111, dust box; 2, quick-disassembly component; 21, outer shell; 211, pressing block one; 22, protective shell; 221, pressing block two; 222, fixing column one; 223, sliding column; 23, sliding block; 231, spring one; 24, slide rail; 3, anti-misoperation component; 31, fixed cylinder; 311, spring bead; 32, moving column one; 321, limiting groove; 33, telescopic column; 331, hook; 332, sliding ring; 34, fixing plate one; 341, rotating rod; 342, rope one; 4, cleaning component; 41, moving column two; 411, spring column; 412, brush plate one; 42, fixing plate two; 43, spring rotating plate; 5, collection component; 51, lower pressing plate; 52, rope two; 521, fixing column two; 522, connecting plate; 53, scraping plate; 531, brush plate two; 54, spring two; 55, assembly groove; 551, spring pressing block; 56, stop block. Detailed implementation mode

[0035] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0036] Example 1, please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 4 In this case, the present invention is a quickly detachable civil air defense gas filtration device, including a box body 1. The bottom of the box body 1 is in contact with a base 11. A fixing hole is opened on the right side of the base 11, and the number of fixing holes is several. A slideway is opened at the bottom of the box body 1, and the inner wall of the slideway is in contact with a dust box 111;

[0037] It also includes a quick detachment component 2. The quick detachment component 2 includes a housing 21. A sliding slot is opened at the top of the housing 21, and the inner wall of the sliding slot is in contact with a first pressing block 211. The bottom of the first pressing block 211 is fixedly connected to a second pressing block 221. A protective shell 22 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the box body 1;

[0038] An anti-misoperation component 3. The number of anti-misoperation components 3 is two, and the parts included in the two anti-misoperation components 3 are the same. The anti-misoperation component 3 includes a fixing cylinder 31. The bottom of the fixing cylinder 31 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 11. A notch is opened on the inner wall of the fixing cylinder 31, and the inner wall of the notch is in contact with a spring bead 311. A first moving column 32 is in contact with the inner wall of the fixing cylinder 31, and a limiting groove 321 is opened on the outer surface of the first moving column 32;

[0039] Cleaning assembly 4, the number of cleaning assemblies 4 is two, and the parts included in the two cleaning assemblies 4 are the same. The cleaning assembly 4 includes a second moving column 41. A spring column 411 is fixedly connected to the top of the second moving column 41. A second fixing plate 42 is in contact with the bottom of the spring column 411. A first brush plate 412 is fixedly connected to the left side of the spring column 411. When the staff lifts the whole device in the present invention, due to the function of the anti-misoperation component 3, the elevation of the box body 1 will not drive the second moving column 41 to move synchronously. However, the second fixing plate 42 will move synchronously when the box body 1 rises. Since the second fixing plate 42 is arranged in a stepped shape, the spring column 411 can shake left and right while contacting it and when the second fixing plate 42 moves. The spring column 411 that shakes left and right will drive the first brush plate 412 to sweep away the impurities and dust remaining and accumulated on the inner wall of the box body 1, making them fall to the bottom of the inner wall of the box body 1, so that the device can clean the inner wall easily and quickly, avoiding the problem that excessive dust accumulation inside affects the filtering effect. At the same time, when the staff disassembles the whole device, they can clean the inner wall of the device without manual operation, reducing the workload of the staff.

[0040] Preferably, the inner wall of the protective shell 22 is in contact with the outer surface of the second pressing block 221. A first fixing column 222 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second pressing block 221. A sliding column 223 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first fixing column 222. A slide rail 24 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the protective shell 22. A sliding block 23 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the slide rail 24. An inclined groove is formed in the front surface of the sliding block 23, and the outer surface of the sliding column 223 is in contact with the inner wall of the inclined groove. A first spring 231 is fixedly connected to the right side of the sliding block 23, and the right side of the first spring 231 is fixedly connected to the left side of the inner wall of the protective shell 22. In the present invention, when the staff presses the first pressing block 211, the outer shell 21 moves downward. The downward movement of the outer shell 21 will drive the two second pressing blocks 221 to move synchronously at the same time. The movement of the two pressing blocks will press the first fixing column 222 inside the protective shell 22 downward. Since the inclined groove is formed in the front surface of the sliding block 23, the first fixing column 222 will drive the sliding block 23 to move in the opposite direction of the box body 1 when pressing the sliding column 223 downward, so that the sliding block 23 is pulled out from the fixing hole formed in the box body 1, and the device is released from the restriction. At this time, the staff can lift the outer shell 21 and lift the outer shell 21 out of the base 11, which is convenient for the staff to quickly disassemble the device. Compared with the previous cumbersome disassembly method, this method can make the staff more convenient and fast when disassembling the device, and a large amount of time can be saved.

[0041] Embodiment 2, please refer to Figure 5 - Figure 9, the present invention is a quickly detachable civil air defense gas filtration device. On the basis of Embodiment 1, a telescopic column 33 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second moving column 41. A hook 331 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the telescopic column 33 through a pin shaft. A sliding ring 332 is slidably connected to the side of the outer surface of the telescopic column 33 close to the first moving column 32. A first fixing plate 34 is fixedly connected to the side of the outer surface of the telescopic column 33 away from the sliding ring 332.

[0042] A rotating rod 341 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the first fixing plate 34. The number of the first fixing plates 34 is several, and several first fixing plates 34 are arranged in an annular array. A first rope 342 is rotatably connected to the top of the rotating rod 341. The top of the first rope 342 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the telescopic column 33. By continuously lifting the box body 1 of the present invention, the telescopic column 33 drives the first rope 342 to be pulled. The pulling of the first rope 342 will cause the rotating rod 341 to rotate under the restriction of the first fixing plate 34. Since the lower part of the rotating rod 341 is bent, when the first rope 342 is pulled, the bent side of the rotating rod 341 will continuously approach the inner wall of the first moving column 32 until several rotating rods 341 exert an inner support effect on the inner wall of the first moving column 32. At this time, continuing to lift the device upward will drive the first moving column 32 to lift upward. When the limiting groove 321 opened on the first moving column 32 is lifted to the position of the spring bead 311, the spring bead 311 will pop into the limiting groove 321 to restrict it, so that the first moving column 32 is fixed. At this time, when the device is moved downward, since the first fixing plate 34 is larger than the diameter of the first moving column 32, the continuously descending telescopic column 33 will drive the hook 331 to continue to move downward until it hangs at the bottom of the telescopic column 33. The contraction of the telescopic column 33 will cause the rotating rod 341 to reset, cancel the restriction on the first moving column 32, and enable the device to be taken out as a whole. This device can avoid the problem that when the device and the ventilation pipe are not completely disassembled, the staff forgets that it is not completely disassembled or the device is lifted due to improper operation, resulting in damage to the connection between the device and the ventilation pipe. At the same time, it can also enable the device to operate subsequently.

[0043] Two cleaning components 4 are symmetrically arranged with the second fixing plate 42 as the center. The second fixing plate 42 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the box body 1. A spring rotating plate 43 is rotatably connected to the back of the second fixing plate 42. The number of the spring rotating plates 43 is several, and several spring rotating plates 43 are arranged in a vertical array.

[0044] A collection component 5 is arranged inside the box body 1. The number of the collection components 5 is two. The two collection components 5 are symmetrically arranged with the spring rotating plate 43 as the center. The parts included in the two collection components 5 are the same. The collection component 5 includes a lower pressing plate 51. The front of the lower pressing plate 51 is fixedly connected to the back of the second moving column 41. The number of the second moving columns 41 is two. A second rope 52 is rotatably connected to the right side of the second moving column 41 on the right.

[0045] The bottom of the second rope 52 is in contact with the second fixed column 521. The right side of the second fixed column 521 is fixedly connected to the right side of the inner wall of the box body 1. The bottom of the inner wall of the box body 1 is in contact with a scraping plate 53. The top of the scraping plate 53 is fixedly connected to a connecting plate 522. The front of the scraping plate 53 is fixedly connected to a second brush plate 531. The back of the scraping plate 53 is fixedly connected to a second spring 54. A limiting groove is opened on the right side of the scraping plate 53. The inner wall of the limiting groove is slidably connected to the right side of the inner wall of the box body 1. An assembly groove 55 is opened at the bottom of the inner wall of the box body 1. A spring pressing block 551 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the assembly groove 55. The top of the spring pressing block 551 is fixedly connected to a blocking block 56. In the present invention, the continuous lifting of the box body 1 causes the lower pressing plate 51 to contact the spring pressing block 551 and press it down. While being pressed down, the spring pressing block 551 will drive the blocking block 56 to move synchronously. The movement of the blocking block 56 will release the restriction on the scraping plate 53. After the restriction is released, the scraping plate 53 will be ejected under the action of the second spring 54. The ejected scraping plate 53 will drive the second brush plate 531 to move synchronously, so as to push the dust and residues remaining at the bottom of the inner wall of the box body 1 and the dust scraped by the first brush plate 412, and scrape all the dust into the dust box 111. The staff can directly remove the dust box 111, without manually collecting the dust, enabling the device to collect the dust after the internal cleaning is completed, facilitating the thorough cleaning of the interior of the device.

[0046] The usage method of the quickly detachable civil air defense gas filtration device includes the following steps:

[0047] S1: Disassemble the whole device;

[0048] S2: Lift and lower the device to clean its interior;

[0049] S3: Disassemble the device and remove the dust box.

[0050] A specific application of this embodiment is as follows: When replacement is needed, the staff presses the first pressing block 211, causing the outer shell 21 to move downward. The downward movement of the outer shell 21 will drive the two second pressing blocks 221 to move synchronously. The movement of the two pressing blocks will press down the first fixed column 222 inside the protective shell 22. Since an inclined groove is opened on the front of the sliding block 23, the first fixed column 222 will drive the sliding column 223 to move downward, causing the sliding block 23 to move in the opposite direction of the box body 1, and the sliding block 23 is pulled out from the fixing hole opened on the box body 1, releasing the restriction on the device. At this time, the staff can lift the outer shell 21 and lift the outer shell 21 out of the base 11, facilitating the staff to quickly disassemble the device. Compared with the previous cumbersome disassembly method, this method enables the staff to disassemble the device more conveniently and quickly, saving a lot of time.

[0051] By continuously lifting the box body 1, the telescopic column 33 drives the first rope 342 to be pulled. The pulling of the first rope 342 causes the rotating rod 341 to rotate under the restriction of the first fixed plate 34. Since the lower part of the rotating rod 341 is bent, when the first rope 342 is pulled, the bent side of the rotating rod 341 will continuously approach the inner wall of the first moving column 32 until several rotating rods 341 exert an inner support effect on the inner wall of the first moving column 32. At this time, continuing to lift the device upward will drive the first moving column 32 to lift upward. When the limiting groove 321 opened on the first moving column 32 is lifted to the position of the spring bead 311, the spring bead 311 will pop into the limiting groove 321 to restrict it, fixing the first moving column 32. At this time, moving the device downward, since the first fixed plate 34 is larger than the diameter of the first moving column 32, the continuously descending telescopic column 33 will drive the hook 331 to continue moving downward until it hangs at the bottom of the telescopic column 33. The contraction of the telescopic column 33 will cause the rotating rod 341 to reset, canceling the restriction on the first moving column 32, enabling the device to be taken out as a whole. This device can prevent the problem that when the device and the ventilation duct are not completely disassembled, the staff forgets that it is not completely disassembled or improperly operates to lift the device, resulting in damage to the connection between the device and the ventilation pipe. At the same time, it can also enable the device to operate subsequently.

[0052] When the staff lifts the device as a whole, due to the function of the anti-misoperation component 3, the elevation of the box body 1 will not drive the second moving column 41 to move synchronously. However, the second fixed plate 42 will move synchronously when the box body 1 is elevated. Since the second fixed plate 42 is arranged in a stepped shape, the spring column 411 can shake left and right while contacting it and when the second fixed plate 42 moves. The left and right shaking spring column 411 will drive the first brush plate 412 to sweep away the impurities and dust accumulated on the inner wall of the box body 1, making them fall to the bottom of the inner wall of the box body 1, enabling the device to easily and quickly clean the inner wall, avoiding the problem that excessive dust accumulation inside affects the filtering effect. At the same time, when the staff disassembles the device as a whole, they do not need to clean the inner wall of the device manually, reducing the workload of the staff.

[0053] By continuously lifting the box body 1, the lower pressing plate 51 comes into contact with the spring pressing block 551 and presses it down. While being pressed down, the spring pressing block 551 drives the stopper 56 to move synchronously. The movement of the stopper 56 releases the restriction on the scraper 53. After the restriction is released, the scraper 53 is ejected under the action of the second spring 54. The ejected scraper 53 drives the second brush plate 531 to move synchronously, and then the dust and residues remaining at the bottom of the inner wall of the box body 1 and the dust scraped by the first brush plate 412 can be pushed, and all the dust is scraped into the dust box 111. The staff can directly remove the dust box 111 without manually collecting the dust, enabling the device to collect the dust after the internal cleaning is completed, facilitating the thorough cleaning of the interior of the device. When resetting is required, by lowering the box body 1, the second moving column 41 can drive the second rope 52 to move, and under the restriction of the second fixed column 521, the scraper 53 is pulled back to its original position. Since the stopper 56 is arc-shaped, it will be pressed down when the scraper 53 passes through this position, and the stopper 56 will pop up again after the scraper 53 passes to restrict the scraper 53. At the same time, the movement of the scraper 53 causes the second brush plate 531 to be pulled back to its reset position.

[0054] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. These embodiments are selected and specifically described in this specification to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the relevant technical fields can understand and utilize the present invention well. The present invention is only limited by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A quickly detachable civil air defense gas filtration device, including a box body (1), the bottom of the box body (1) is in contact with a base (11), a fixing hole is opened on the right side of the base (11), the number of the fixing holes is several, a sliding track is opened at the bottom of the box body (1), and the inner wall of the sliding track is in contact with a dust box (111); characterized in that: It further includes a quick detachment component (2), the quick detachment component (2) includes a housing (21), a sliding groove is opened at the top of the housing (21), the inner wall of the sliding groove is in contact with a first pressing block (211), the bottom of the first pressing block (211) is fixedly connected to a second pressing block (221), and a protective shell (22) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the box body (1); An anti-misoperation component (3), the number of the anti-misoperation components (3) is two, and the parts included in the two anti-misoperation components (3) are the same. The anti-misoperation component (3) includes a fixing cylinder (31), the bottom of the fixing cylinder (31) is fixedly connected to the top of the base (11), a notch is opened on the inner wall of the fixing cylinder (31), a spring bead (311) is in contact with the inner wall of the notch, a first moving column (32) is in contact with the inner wall of the fixing cylinder (31), and a limiting groove (321) is opened on the outer surface of the first moving column (32); A cleaning component (4), the number of the cleaning components (4) is two, and the parts included in the two cleaning components (4) are the same. The cleaning component (4) includes a second moving column (41), the top of the second moving column (41) is fixedly connected to a spring column (411), the bottom of the spring column (411) is in contact with a second fixing plate (42), and a first brush plate (412) is fixedly connected to the left side of the spring column (411); The inner wall of the protective shell (22) is in contact with the outer surface of the second pressing block (221), the bottom of the second pressing block (221) is fixedly connected to a first fixing column (222), the bottom of the first fixing column (222) is fixedly connected to a sliding column (223), the bottom of the inner wall of the protective shell (22) is fixedly connected to a slide rail (24), a sliding block (23) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the slide rail (24), an inclined groove is opened on the front surface of the sliding block (23), the inner wall of the inclined groove is in contact with the outer surface of the sliding column (223), and a first spring (231) is fixedly connected to the right side of the sliding block (23), and the right side of the first spring (231) is fixedly connected to the left side of the inner wall of the protective shell (22); The bottom of the second moving column (41) is fixedly connected to a telescopic column (33), a hook (331) is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the telescopic column (33) through a pin shaft, a sliding ring (332) is slidably connected to the outer surface of the telescopic column (33) on the side close to the first moving column (32), and a first fixing plate (34) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the telescopic column (33) on the side far from the sliding ring (332); A rotating rod (341) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the first fixing plate (34), a first rope (342) is rotatably connected to the top of the rotating rod (341), and the top of the first rope (342) is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the telescopic column (33).

2. The rapid-detachable civil air defense gas filtration device according to claim 1, wherein: The number of the first fixing plates (34) is several, and the several first fixing plates (34) are arranged in an annular array.

3. The quickly detachable civil air defense gas filtration device according to claim 2, wherein: The two cleaning components (4) are symmetrically arranged with the second fixing plate (42) as the center. The second fixing plate (42) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the box body (1). A spring rotating plate (43) is rotatably connected to the back of the second fixing plate (42). The number of the spring rotating plates (43) is several, and the several spring rotating plates (43) are arranged in a vertical array.

4. The quick-detachable civil air defense gas filtration device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A collecting component (5) is arranged inside the box body (1). The number of the collecting components (5) is two. The two collecting components (5) are symmetrically arranged with the spring rotating plate (43) as the center. The parts included in the two collecting components (5) are the same. The collecting component (5) includes a lower pressing plate (51). The front of the lower pressing plate (51) is fixedly connected to the back of the second moving column (41). The number of the second moving columns (41) is two. A second rope (52) is rotatably connected to the right side of the second moving column (41) on the right side.

5. The rapid-disassembly civil air defense gas filtration device according to claim 4, wherein: The bottom of the second rope (52) contacts a second fixing column (521). The right side of the second fixing column (521) is fixedly connected to the right inner wall of the box body (1). A scraping plate (53) contacts the bottom of the inner wall of the box body (1). A connecting plate (522) is fixedly connected to the top of the scraping plate (53). A second brush plate (531) is fixedly connected to the front of the scraping plate (53). A second spring (54) is fixedly connected to the back of the scraping plate (53). A limiting groove is formed in the right side of the scraping plate (53). The inner wall of the limiting groove is slidably connected to the right inner wall of the box body (1). An assembly groove (55) is formed in the bottom of the inner wall of the box body (1). A spring pressing block (551) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the assembly groove (55). A blocking block (56) is fixedly connected to the top of the spring pressing block (551).

6. A method for using a quickly detachable civil air defense gas filtration device, which is implemented based on a quickly detachable civil air defense gas filtration device as described in claim 5, characterized in that: Including the following steps: S1: Disassemble the whole device; S2: Lift and drop the device to clean its interior; S3: Remove the device and take down the dust box.

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