Powdered coal pyrolysis oil gas high-temperature dust removal system coupled with cyclone separation and moving particle bed

Abstract

The invention discloses a cyclone separation and moving particle bed coupled pulverized coal pyrolysis oil gas high-temperature dust removal system, and belongs to the technical field of coal clean utilization. The system comprises a cyclone separator, a fine filtration unit, a filter material cyclic regeneration unit and an intelligent control unit, the fine filtration unit comprises a particle bed, a particle bin is arranged at the top end of the particle bed, and a composite filter material layer is arranged on the particle bed; a dust-containing high-temperature oil gas pipeline and a pretreatment high-temperature oil gas pipeline are arranged at the top end of the cyclone separator, dust-containing high-temperature oil gas is introduced into the cyclone separator through the dust-containing high-temperature oil gas pipeline to be pretreated, and the pretreated dust-containing high-temperature oil gas is introduced into the particle bed through the pretreatment high-temperature oil gas pipeline to be finely filtered; and a coke breeze discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom of the cyclone separator. The invention is used for solving the technical problem of low gas-solid separation efficiency at high temperature caused by the adoption of a single filter material in the existing pulverized coal dust removal system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of clean coal utilization technology, specifically relating to a high-temperature dust removal system for pulverized coal pyrolysis oil and gas coupled with cyclone separation and moving particle bed, suitable for dust-laden gas-solid separation scenarios at 300-900℃. Background Technology

[0002] Pulverized coal pyrolysis, as a core technology for the graded and graded utilization of coal, produces high-temperature oil and gas containing a large amount of dust and tar, which seriously restricts the stable operation of subsequent processes and product quality. Traditional dust removal technologies generally face challenges such as decreased efficiency, easy clogging, and high costs in high-temperature environments, becoming a "bottleneck" problem hindering the industrialization of pulverized coal pyrolysis.

[0003] Chinese patent CN105233602B discloses a system for separating high-temperature tar gas from fine dust particles during low-temperature dry distillation of pulverized coal. It employs a three-stage dust removal system, including a cyclone separator, a particle bed interceptor, and a droplet trap. The system achieves efficient separation by pre-treatment with the cyclone separator, secondary filtration with the particle bed interceptor, and removal of extremely fine dust by the droplet trap. However, this system uses a single filter material (semi-coke particles), failing to address the issue of functional differentiation among filter materials. Furthermore, the high dust content in the high-temperature oil and gas easily leads to low gas-solid separation efficiency at high temperatures. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a high-temperature dust removal system for pulverized coal pyrolysis oil and gas coupled with cyclone separation and moving particle bed, so as to solve the technical problem that the existing pulverized coal dust removal system uses a single filter material, which easily leads to low gas-solid separation efficiency at high temperature.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution: This invention provides a high-temperature dust removal system for pulverized coal pyrolysis oil and gas coupled with cyclone separation and a moving particle bed, including a cyclone separator, a fine filtration unit, a filter media circulation and regeneration unit, and an intelligent control unit; the fine filtration unit includes a particle bed, a particle hopper is provided at the top of the particle bed, and a composite filter media layer is provided on the particle bed; The top of the cyclone separator is equipped with a dust-laden high-temperature oil and gas pipeline and a pre-treatment high-temperature oil and gas pipeline. The dust-laden high-temperature oil and gas is fed into the cyclone separator for pre-treatment through the dust-laden high-temperature oil and gas pipeline. The pre-treated dust-laden high-temperature oil and gas is fed into the particle bed for fine filtration through the pre-treatment high-temperature oil and gas pipeline. The bottom of the cyclone separator is equipped with a coke discharge pipe.

[0006] Preferably, the composite filter layer is provided with coke filter material, high-temperature metal membrane filter bag and quartz sand filter material in sequence from the outside to the inside.

[0007] Preferably, in the composite filter media layer, the thickness ratio of coke filter media, high-temperature metal membrane filter bag and quartz sand filter media is 40%:30%:30%.

[0008] More preferably, the particle size range of the coke filter material is 30~100μm, which can coarsely filter particles of 1~30μm to achieve the purpose of adsorbing tar; the high-temperature metal membrane filter bag has a particle size range of 0.1~30μm, a temperature resistance of ≥700℃, and an alumina coating on the surface, which can finely filter particles ≤1μm; the quartz sand filter material has a particle size range of 0.5~3mm, which can filter particles of 0.1~100μm, stabilize the flow field, and assist in filtration.

[0009] Preferably, the filter media recycling unit includes a coke recycling component and a quartz sand recycling component. The coke recycling component includes a first coke conveying pipe and a second coke conveying pipe. The coke discharge pipe branches off from the first coke conveying pipe. The outlet of the first coke conveying pipe is connected to the inlet of the coke filter media. The bottom outlet of the coke filter media is connected to the inlet of the second coke conveying pipe. The outlet of the second coke conveying pipe is connected to the coke discharge pipe. The quartz sand regeneration and circulation component includes a vertical screw conveyor. The inlet of the vertical screw conveyor is connected to the outlet of the quartz sand filter media, and the outlet of the vertical screw conveyor is connected to the inlet of the dust-laden filter media separation tank. The dust-laden filter media separation tank is equipped with a separation element, which separates the dust-laden filter media in the dust-laden filter media separation tank into desorbed material and regenerated filter media. The desorbed material is recycled back to the interior of the granular bed, and the regenerated filter media is recycled back to the granular silo.

[0010] Preferably, the separating element includes a nitrogen-assisted blowing element and a high-pressure nitrogen pulse backflushing element, and the outlet of the nitrogen-assisted blowing element and the outlet of the high-pressure nitrogen pulse backflushing element are respectively connected to the inlet of the dust-laden filter material separating tank.

[0011] More preferably, the vertical screw conveyor is a SIC+M frequency converter with a rotational speed of 0~30 r / min.

[0012] Preferably, a dust-laden material silo buffer tank is provided between the vertical screw conveyor and the dust-laden material separation tank, the outlet of the vertical screw conveyor is connected to the inlet of the dust-laden material silo buffer tank, and the outlet of the dust-laden material silo buffer tank is connected to the inlet of the dust-laden material separation tank.

[0013] Preferably, the particle bed is provided with a number of staggered herringbone baffles, and the spacing between adjacent herringbone baffles is 1 / 10 to 1 / 5 of the diameter of the particle bed.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom of the cyclone separator is conical with a cone angle of 60-75°, the inner wall is lined with a silicon carbide lining with a thickness of 3mm-10mm, the inlet rectangular cross-section has a width × height of (450-550)mm × (350-450)mm, the linear velocity is 18-25m / s, and the coarse separation efficiency for particles with a diameter ≥30μm is ≥95%.

[0015] Preferably, the cyclone separator is provided with a cyclone separator material leg, and the pipe of the dust-laden high-temperature oil and gas pipeline is tangent to the circular cylindrical wall of the cyclone separator, ensuring that the linear velocity of the cyclone separator material leg is 15~25m / s.

[0016] Preferably, the intelligent control unit can monitor and control the circulation and conveying process of the filter media in real time through a flow meter installed on the granular silo, and a speed meter and a level meter installed on the vertical screw conveyor. The level meter ensures the formation of an effective material seal in the vertical screw conveyor to prevent gas leakage; the speed meter is linked with the flow meter of the silo to accurately control the amount of filter media replenished. The above-mentioned "speed-level" linkage control mechanism ensures that the system can effectively prevent the leakage of high-temperature oil and gas while continuously conveying filter media, improving the sealing reliability and operational continuity of the system. When the system operating parameters fluctuate, the intelligent control unit can retrieve the "process" data (such as filter media circulation rate, material seal stability, filter media replenishment status, etc.) recorded by the above-mentioned instruments to accurately diagnose abnormalities and make proactive adjustments, thereby maintaining the stability of dust removal efficiency and reducing unplanned downtime.

[0017] Further preferred options include clean oil and gas pipelines equipped with oil and gas dust analysis instruments (AT) to monitor the oil and gas dust content in real time to ≤20mg / m³. 3 This achieves closed-loop feedback.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention provides a high-temperature dust removal system for pulverized coal pyrolysis oil and gas by coupling cyclone separation and a moving particle bed. It innovatively proposes a solution that couples a cyclone separator with a particle bed. This solution aims to overcome the limitations of single technologies and the problem of low gas-solid separation efficiency at high temperatures caused by using a single filter material. A cyclone separator is used for coarse dust removal, and a fine filtration unit is used for fine dust removal. The composite filter layer can precisely filter the pulverized coal pyrolysis oil and gas. By combining coarse and fine dust removal, efficient and stable dust removal is achieved under high-temperature conditions, improving the gas-solid separation efficiency at high temperatures and providing key technical support for the upgrading and breakthrough of pulverized coal pyrolysis technology. This invention, by setting up a composite filter layer, a filter material recycling unit, and an intelligent control unit, overcomes the bottlenecks of "efficiency, cost, and continuity" in high-temperature gas-solid separation, and is applicable to high-temperature dust removal scenarios in fields such as coal chemical engineering.

[0019] Furthermore, the use of coke filter media enables reuse, high-temperature metal membrane filter bags enable fine filtration, and quartz sand filter media enables flow stabilization. These three layers of filter media not only utilize industrial byproducts to reduce costs but also improve the fine filtration performance of the filter media. The high-temperature metal membrane filter bag breaks through the fine particle filtration limit in pulverized coal pyrolysis oil and gas, achieving a dust removal efficiency of ≥99.5% for particles with a diameter ≤1μm. The coke filter media can adsorb tar and coarsely filter particles of 1~30μm, with a particle size range of 30~100μm. The middle layer, the high-temperature metal membrane filter bag, is temperature resistant to ≥700℃ and has an alumina coating, enabling fine filtration of particles ≤1μm, with a particle size range of 0.1~30μm. The inner layer, the quartz sand filter media, has a particle size range of 0.5~3mm, enabling filtration of particles of 0.1~100μm, stabilizing the flow field, and assisting in filtration.

[0020] Furthermore, the outer coke filter media, serving as the coarse filtration layer, has a relatively large thickness that ensures sufficient dust holding space. This effectively intercepts and adsorbs most of the fine coke particles and heavy tar in the oil and gas, significantly reducing the load on the downstream precision filter layer. The middle high-temperature metal membrane filter bag, as the core precision filtration layer, maintains extremely high filtration accuracy while avoiding excessive initial pressure drop due to excessive thickness, achieving a balance between high efficiency and low resistance. The inner quartz sand filter media, serving as a support and distribution layer, not only provides stable support for the outer filter media to prevent leakage but also further distributes the airflow evenly, ultimately providing a final "security filtration" effect.

[0021] Furthermore, the dust-adsorbed quartz sand filter media is transported to the coke discharge pipe of the cyclone separator via the second coke conveying pipe, realizing the reuse of the filter media. The dust-adsorbed quartz sand filter media is sent to the dust-laden filter media separation tank via a vertical screw conveyor. The dust / tar on the surface of the dust-adsorbed quartz sand filter media is stripped by a high-pressure nitrogen pulse device to obtain desorbed material and regenerated filter media. The desorbed material is returned to the granular bed, realizing oil and gas recovery and making the filter media loss rate <2%. The regenerated filter media is circulated back to the granular silo, realizing the closed loop of the filter media and making the annual loss rate of the filter media <5%.

[0022] Furthermore, by combining high-pressure nitrogen pulse backflush components and nitrogen-assisted blowing components to deliver nitrogen, a closed loop of "adsorption-desorption-circulation" of the filter media is achieved, solving the cost pain point of traditional filter media being consumed only once.

[0023] Furthermore, the buffer tank, acting as an intermediate silo, continuously receives and temporarily stores filter media from the screw conveyor. When the downstream separation tank is ready to receive the next batch of filter media, the buffer tank then feeds the media in a centralized manner as needed. This solves the problem of clogging or inefficiency that may result from mismatched operating rhythms between upstream and downstream equipment.

[0024] Furthermore, by setting up several staggered herringbone baffles, the directional trend of the particle filter media flow and the directional channel of the oil and gas flow are effectively broken, making the distribution of quartz sand filter media and high-temperature oil and gas more uniform within the particle bed. This structure can continuously cut and reorganize the rising oil and gas streams, forcibly changing their flow direction, thereby avoiding the formation of channeling or local dead zones in the deep bed and improving gas-solid contact efficiency. The airflow is forced to turn, diffuse, and mix between the herringbone baffles, ensuring that the high-temperature oil and gas can make full and uniform contact with the coke powder and quartz sand filter media across the entire bed cross section. This not only avoids the decrease in dust removal efficiency caused by local short circuits, but also enhances the heat exchange between the high-temperature oil and gas and the relatively low-temperature filter media particles, improving the overall dust removal efficiency of the system. The staggered arrangement of the herringbone baffles not only affects the airflow but also the downward-flowing filter media particles. It breaks the "piston flow" tendency of the falling particles, promotes the radial and lateral mixing of the filter media, alleviates the stratification phenomenon that may be caused by particle size differences, ensures uniform distribution of bed porosity, and provides a guarantee for the long-term stable operation of the system. Setting the spacing between adjacent herringbone baffles to 1 / 10 to 1 / 5 of the particle bed diameter achieves the optimal balance between airflow uniformity and system pressure drop costs. This parameter ensures that a sufficient number of baffles are active within the bed at any given time of operation, thereby achieving uniform, continuous, and efficient flow distribution across the entire surface, while keeping the increased pressure drop due to the baffles within a reasonable range.

[0025] Furthermore, the 60-75° cone angle design, compared to a smaller cone angle, reduces the suspension time of particles in the cone section, lowers the risk of coarse particles being re-entrained by the rising airflow, and ensures that separated particles can smoothly slide into the ash hopper. This angle, combined with the specific width-to-height ratio of the inlet, allows the oil and gas to form a stable and efficient rotating flow field upon entry, providing a foundation for efficient centrifugal separation. This avoids the problems of poor discharge and easy clogging caused by an excessively small cone angle, or the instability of the rotating flow field and decreased separation efficiency caused by an excessively large cone angle.

[0026] With a linear velocity range of 18-25 m / s, the centrifugal force is sufficiently large to achieve a coarse separation efficiency of ≥95%, while effectively avoiding secondary particle entrainment, excessive eddy current wear, and a sharp increase in system pressure drop caused by excessive velocity. This approach balances high efficiency with efficient energy consumption and long-term equipment reliability, maximizing both efficiency and economy.

[0027] A 3-10mm silicon carbide lining forms a robust protective layer on the inner wall of the cyclone separator. The extremely high hardness and wear resistance of silicon carbide prevent unplanned shutdowns caused by wear and perforation of critical equipment, ensuring continuous, stable, and long-term operation of the entire pyrolysis unit. This thickness range guarantees sufficient wear resistance life while avoiding the increased costs and thermal stress problems associated with excessive thickness. By controlling the aspect ratio and cross-sectional area, an efficient inlet air velocity range of 18–25 m / s was achieved, ensuring efficient separation of coarse particles ≥30 μm (≥95%) while balancing pressure drop and wear resistance requirements. This design is particularly suitable for the high-temperature, high-dust-concentration pulverized coal pyrolysis conditions and provides optimized airflow conditions for the subsequent fine filtration unit.

[0028] Furthermore, the linear velocity of the material leg in the cyclone separator is designed to be 15~25m / s to ensure a coarse particle separation efficiency of ≥95%. PDT differential pressure transmitters are installed at the inlet and outlet to monitor the pressure drop and ensure the pressure range is 0~15kPa, so as to achieve the purpose of real-time early warning of blockage risk.

[0029] Furthermore, an intelligent control unit is installed on the dust removal system to monitor the consumption and replenishment of the quartz sand filter media in real time. Flow meters, speed meters, level meters, and oil / gas dust analysis instruments are deeply integrated with the control logic to adapt to fluctuations in gas volume and temperature under high-temperature conditions, ensuring continuous system operation and facilitating the system's ability to perform dust removal without downtime. A flow meter (FIC) is installed on the granular silo to regulate the filter media replenishment rate to 0.5~3 m / h, matching gas volume fluctuations (±20%). A speed meter (SIC) is installed on the vertical screw conveyor to adjust the screw conveyor speed, which is linked to a level meter (LIC) to monitor the filter media level, ensuring stable operation of the granular bed. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a high-temperature dust removal system for pulverized coal pyrolysis oil and gas, which is a coupled cyclone separator and a moving particle bed according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 1 In the middle section: 1-Dust-laden high-temperature oil and gas pipeline; 2-Cyclone separator; 3-Cyclone separator material leg; 4-First coke conveying pipe; 5-Coke discharge pipe; 6-Pre-treatment high-temperature oil and gas pipeline; 7-Particle silo; 8-Hinge baffle; 9-Particle bed; 10-Quartz sand filter media; 11-Coke filter media; 12-High-temperature metal membrane filter bag; 13-Second coke conveying pipe; 14-Vertical screw conveyor; 15-Dust-laden silo buffer tank; 16-Dust-laden filter media separation tank; 17-Nitrogen purging gas; 18-High-pressure nitrogen pulse backflushing; 19-Oil and gas return pipe; 20-First filter media conveying pipe; 21-Elevator; 22-Second filter media conveying pipe; 23-Clean oil and gas pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0034] A high-temperature dust removal system for pulverized coal pyrolysis oil and gas coupled with cyclone separation and moving particle bed mainly includes the following key components: The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: See Figure 1 This invention provides a high-temperature dust removal system for pulverized coal pyrolysis oil and gas coupled with cyclone separation and a moving particle bed. The system includes: 1-dust-laden high-temperature oil and gas pipeline; 2-cyclone separator; 3-cyclone separator feed leg; 4-first coke conveying pipe; 5-coke discharge pipe; 6-pre-treatment high-temperature oil and gas pipeline; 7-particle silo; 8-herringbone baffle; 9-particle bed; 10-quartz sand filter media; 11-coke filter media; 12-high-temperature metal membrane filter bag; 13-second coke conveying pipe; 14-vertical screw conveyor; 15-dust-laden silo buffer tank; 16-dust-laden filter media separation tank; 17-nitrogen purging gas; 18-high-pressure nitrogen pulse backflushing; 19-oil and gas return pipe; 20-first filter media conveying pipe; 21-elevator; 22-second filter media conveying pipe; 23-clean oil and gas pipeline.

[0035] The dust-laden high-temperature oil and gas inlet 1 is equipped with a TT temperature transmitter and a PT pressure transmitter.

[0036] The inlet of the cyclone separator 2 is connected to the dust-laden high-temperature oil and gas pipeline 1, which is used to introduce dust-laden high-temperature oil and gas into the cyclone separator 2. The dust-laden high-temperature oil and gas enters the cyclone separator 2 through the dust-laden high-temperature oil and gas pipeline 1. The cyclone separator 2 is equipped with a cyclone separator material leg 3. The linear velocity of the cyclone separator material leg 3 is 15~25m / s. Tangential air intake forms a vortex. Coarse particles with a particle size ≥30μm are thrown towards the wall of the cyclone separator 2 by centrifugal force. A part of the dust particles are discharged directly through the coke discharge pipe 5 and collected directly. The other part of the dust particles enter the outer coke filter material 11 of the particle bed 9 through the first coke conveying pipe 4.

[0037] The tangential air intake refers to the inlet design: the dust-laden high-temperature oil and gas enters through the dust-laden high-temperature oil and gas pipeline 1. This inlet pipeline is designed to be tangential to the circular wall of the cyclone separator 2. Due to the tangential air intake design, as soon as the high-temperature oil and gas enters the cyclone separator 2, it is forced to rotate at high speed along the inner wall of the cylinder, forming a strongly rotating outer vortex around the central axis. The dust particles (coke) carried in the oil and gas are subjected to strong centrifugal force as they rotate with the airflow. Coarse particles with higher density (≥30μm) have greater inertia and stronger centrifugal force, and are therefore violently thrown against the separator wall. Under the combined action of airflow and gravity, the coarse particles that collide with the wall spiral downwards along the inner wall. Some dust particles are directly discharged and collected through the coke discharge pipe 5. The other part of the dust particles is transported to the subsequent particle bed 9 through the first coke conveying pipe 4, serving as a supplement to its outer coke filter material 11. This is a clever design that uses the coarse particles separated in the pre-filter as the filter media for the subsequent fine filtration layer, thus achieving material recycling.

[0038] The cyclone separator 2 has a conical bottom with a cone angle of 60-75°. Its inner wall is lined with a silicon carbide lining ≥3mm thick. The inlet rectangular cross-section has dimensions of width × height = 500mm × 400mm, and a linear velocity of 1-25m / s. It achieves a coarse separation efficiency of ≥95% for particles with a diameter ≥30μm. The cyclone separator 2 also includes cyclone separator material legs 3 with a linear velocity of 15~25m / s. The rectangular cross-section of the entrance has dimensions of width × height = (450-550)m × 500mm × (350-450) × 400mm. A particle hopper 7 is located at the top of the particle bed 9. Pretreated oil and gas (with a fine particle content ≤20%) enters the particle bed 9 through the pretreated high-temperature oil and gas pipeline 6. Quartz sand filter media 10 moves downward from the particle hopper 7, capturing fine particles with a diameter ≤30μm in the pre-purified oil and gas through screening and inertial collision. A herringbone baffle distributor installed in the particle hopper 7 ensures a uniform flow field (velocity deviation <5%). The herringbone baffles have an inclination angle of 45° and a spacing of 400mm. The herringbone baffles 8 are 900mm away from the top of the particle bed 9. Six herringbone baffles 8 are arranged alternately, and the spacing between adjacent herringbone baffles 8 is 1 / 10 to 1 / 5 of the diameter of the particle bed 9. The pre-purified oil and gas passes through the filter media layer from bottom to top. The filter media layer, from the outside to the inside, comprises coke powder filter media 11, a high-temperature metal membrane filter bag 12, and a quartz sand filter media 10. Fine particles with a diameter ≤1μm in the pre-purified oil and gas are retained by the filter media layer. The thickness ratio of the coke powder filter media 11, the high-temperature metal membrane filter bag 12, and the quartz sand filter media 10 is 40%:30%:30%.

[0039] The outlet of the coke filter media 11 is connected to the inlet of the second coke conveying pipe 13, and the outlet of the second coke conveying pipe 13 is connected to the coke discharge pipe 5 of the cyclone separator 2. A vertical screw conveyor 14 is provided at the bottom of the granular bed 9. The inlet of the vertical screw conveyor 14 is connected to the outlet of the quartz sand filter media 10, and the outlet of the vertical screw conveyor 14 is connected to the inlet of the dust-laden filter media separation tank 16. The dust-laden filter media in the dust-laden filter media separation tank 16 is separated into desorbed material and regenerated filter media by a nitrogen-assisted blowing component 17 and a high-pressure nitrogen pulse backflushing component 1. The outlet of the desorbed material is connected to the interior of the granular bed 9 through an oil and gas return pipe 19. The outlet of the nitrogen-assisted blowing component 17 and the outlet of the high-pressure nitrogen pulse backflush component 1 are respectively connected to the inlet of the dust-containing filter media separation tank 16. The regenerated filter media outlet is connected in sequence to the first filter media conveying pipe 20 and the second filter media conveying pipe 22. The second filter media conveying pipe 22 is connected to the inlet of the granular material bin 7. The second filter media conveying pipe 22 is equipped with an elevator 21.

[0040] A dust-laden material silo buffer tank 15 is provided between the vertical screw conveyor 14 and the dust-laden filter material separation tank 16. The outlet of the vertical screw conveyor 14 is connected to the inlet of the dust-laden material silo buffer tank 15, and the outlet of the dust-laden material silo buffer tank 15 is connected to the inlet of the dust-laden filter material separation tank 16.

[0041] The dust-laden filter media separation tank 16 employs a stepped high-pressure nitrogen pulse backflushing 18 to achieve in-situ regeneration of the quartz sand filter media 10. The backflushing sequence is linked to the filtration cycle (automatically triggered when the pressure difference reaches a set value to avoid over-frequency / under-frequency). Residual oil and gas are transported to the moving particle bed 9 via the auxiliary nitrogen 17. The stepped high-pressure nitrogen pulse backflushing 18 is one of the core innovations of this system in achieving efficient and energy-saving in-situ regeneration. It refers to an intelligent backflushing control mechanism that proceeds "from weak to strong, from local to overall, and in stages."

[0042] The stepped high-pressure nitrogen pulse backflushing 18 specifically includes: Phase 1: Check if the pressure differential from the low-pressure / low-flow backflush has recovered; Phase 2: Check if the pressure differential of medium-pressure / medium-flow backflush has recovered; Phase 3: Check if the high-pressure / high-flow backflush pressure differential has recovered; If all three stages mentioned above are restored, then the backflushing process ends. If the above three stages of detection do not resolve the issue, an alarm will be triggered indicating that manual intervention or more thorough cleaning is required.

[0043] The intelligent control unit includes a flow meter, a speed meter, a level meter, and an oil and gas dust analysis instrument. The flow meter is installed on the particle silo 7, and the speed meter and the level meter are installed on the vertical screw conveyor 14. The system also integrates instruments such as TT (temperature), PT (pressure), LIC (level), FIC (flow rate), SIC (speed), and AT (oil and gas dust analysis), covering the entire process of the cyclone separator, particle bed, and its inlet and outlet.

[0044] In the granular bed 9, the coke filter material 11, which adsorbs dust, is sent to the coke discharge pipe 5 via the second coke conveying pipe 13. The quartz sand filter material 10 is sent to the dust-laden material silo buffer tank 15 for temporary storage of the filter material to be regenerated via the frequency conversion control of the vertical screw conveyor 14, and then sent to the dust-laden material separation tank 16. When the pressure of the high-pressure nitrogen pulse backflush component 1 is 0.1 MPa, the pulse duration is 0.5s, and the interval is 15s, it is automatically triggered when the differential pressure of the material level in the granular bed 9 monitored by LIC is ≥10kPa. The tar desorption rate is ≥9%. The residual oil and gas separated from the dust-laden material separation tank 16 is then sent to the top inlet of the granular bed 9 via the nitrogen-assisted blowing component 17 through the oil and gas return pipe 19. The separated filter material is sent to the elevator 21 via the first filter material conveying pipe 20 under the action of gravity, and then circulated back to the granular material silo 7 via the second filter material conveying pipe 22. The clean oil and gas is output through the clean oil and gas pipeline 23, which is located on the upper side of the granular bed.

[0045] The above content is only for illustrating the technical concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications made to the technical solution based on the technical concept proposed in this invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A high-temperature dust removal system for pulverized coal pyrolysis oil and gas coupled with cyclone separation and moving particle bed, characterized in that, It includes a cyclone separator (2), a fine filtration unit, a filter media circulation and regeneration unit, and an intelligent control unit; the fine filtration unit includes a particle bed (9), a particle hopper (7) is provided at the top of the particle bed (9), and a composite filter media layer is provided on the particle bed (9); The top of the cyclone separator (2) is provided with a dust-laden high-temperature oil and gas pipeline (1) and a pre-treatment high-temperature oil and gas pipeline (6). The dust-laden high-temperature oil and gas is fed into the cyclone separator (2) through the dust-laden high-temperature oil and gas pipeline (1) for pre-treatment. The pre-treated dust-laden high-temperature oil and gas is fed into the particle bed (9) through the pre-treatment high-temperature oil and gas pipeline (6) for fine filtration. The bottom of the cyclone separator (2) is provided with a coke discharge pipe (5).

2. The high-temperature dust removal system for pulverized coal pyrolysis oil and gas coupled with cyclone separation and moving particle bed as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The composite filter media layer comprises, from the outside to the inside, coke filter media (11), high-temperature metal membrane filter bag (12), and quartz sand filter media (10).

3. The high-temperature dust removal system for pulverized coal pyrolysis oil and gas coupled with cyclone separation and moving particle bed as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In the composite filter media layer, the thickness ratio of coke filter media (11), high-temperature metal membrane filter bag (12) and quartz sand filter media (10) is 40%:30%:30%.

4. The high-temperature dust removal system for pulverized coal pyrolysis oil and gas coupled with cyclone separation and moving particle bed as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The filter media recycling unit includes a coke recycling component and a quartz sand recycling component. The coke recycling component includes a first coke conveying pipe (4) and a second coke conveying pipe (13). The coke discharge pipe (5) is branched by the first coke conveying pipe (4). The outlet of the first coke conveying pipe (4) is connected to the inlet of the coke filter media (11). The bottom outlet of the coke filter media (11) is connected to the inlet of the second coke conveying pipe (13). The outlet of the second coke conveying pipe (13) is connected to the coke discharge pipe (5). The quartz sand regeneration circulation component includes a vertical screw conveyor (14). The inlet of the vertical screw conveyor (14) is connected to the outlet of the quartz sand filter media (10). The outlet of the vertical screw conveyor (14) is connected to the inlet of the dust-laden filter media separation tank (16). The dust-laden filter media separation tank (16) is equipped with a separation component. The separation component separates the dust-laden filter media in the dust-laden filter media separation tank (16) into desorbed material and regenerated filter media. The desorbed material is recycled back to the particle bed (9), and the regenerated filter media is recycled back to the particle silo (7).

5. A high-temperature dust removal system for pulverized coal pyrolysis oil and gas coupled with cyclone separation and moving particle bed as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The separation unit includes a nitrogen-assisted blowing unit (17) and a high-pressure nitrogen pulse backflushing unit (18). The outlet of the nitrogen-assisted blowing unit (17) and the outlet of the high-pressure nitrogen pulse backflushing unit (18) are respectively connected to the inlet of the dust-containing filter material separation tank (16).

6. The high-temperature dust removal system for pulverized coal pyrolysis oil and gas coupled with cyclone separation and moving particle bed as described in claim 4, characterized in that, A dust-laden material silo buffer tank (15) is provided between the vertical screw conveyor (14) and the dust-laden filter material separation tank (16). The outlet of the vertical screw conveyor (14) is connected to the inlet of the dust-laden material silo buffer tank (15), and the outlet of the dust-laden material silo buffer tank (15) is connected to the inlet of the dust-laden filter material separation tank (16).

7. The high-temperature dust removal system for pulverized coal pyrolysis oil and gas coupled with cyclone separation and moving particle bed as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The particle bed (9) is provided with a number of staggered herringbone baffles (8), and the spacing between adjacent herringbone baffles (8) is 1 / 10 to 1 / 5 of the diameter of the particle bed (9).

8. The high-temperature dust removal system for pulverized coal pyrolysis oil and gas coupled with cyclone separation and moving particle bed as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the cyclone separator (2) is conical, with a cone angle of 60-75°. The inner wall is lined with a silicon carbide lining with a thickness of 3mm-10mm. The rectangular cross-section of the inlet has a width × height of (450-550)mm × (350-450)mm.

9. A high-temperature dust removal system for pulverized coal pyrolysis oil and gas coupled with cyclone separation and moving particle bed as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cyclone separator (2) is equipped with a cyclone separator material leg (3), and the pipe of the dust-laden high-temperature oil and gas pipeline (1) is tangent to the circular cylindrical wall of the cyclone separator (2).

10. A high-temperature dust removal system for pulverized coal pyrolysis oil and gas coupled with cyclone separation and moving particle bed as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The intelligent control unit includes a flow meter, a speed meter, a level meter and an oil and gas dust analyzer. The flow meter is installed on the granular silo (7), and the speed meter and the level meter are installed on the vertical screw conveyor (14).

Images