Unsteady-state damage detection and evaluation method for rolling bearing

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bearing unsteady-state damage detection, in particular to a rolling bearing unsteady-state damage detection and evaluation method, which comprises the following steps of: respectively carrying out variable-load and variable-speed tests on a rolling bearing by utilizing a single-ball rolling friction-wear testing machine according to the conditions of sudden acceleration / deceleration and sudden variable-load under different unsteady-state service conditions; a reciprocating sliding friction and wear testing machine is used for testing the friction and wear performance of a material under oil lubrication, a three-dimensional topography instrument is used for measuring the grinding crack area in a reciprocating sliding test, and then an unsteady damage influence factor of the bearing material under the rolling condition is calculated according to a wear rate result. Therefore, the unsteady-state damage of the rolling bearing is detected and evaluated. The method is reasonable, feasible and ingenious in design, the damage behavior of the bearing under the unsteady-state service condition is evaluated, a proper rolling bearing unsteady-state damage detection and evaluation method is found, the performance of the bearing is improved, and the service life of the bearing is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bearing non-steady-state damage detection, and in particular to a rolling bearing non-steady-state damage detection and evaluation method. Background Art

[0002] Bearings are regarded as the "joints" of equipment and play a key role in various fields of national defense and people's livelihood.

[0003] During the service of bearings, as the working conditions change, non-steady-state service conditions such as rapid acceleration / deceleration and rapid load changes often occur, leading to premature failure of the bearings or even sudden accidents. In non-steady-state service environments such as rapid speed changes and rapid load changes, due to the large change rates of speed and load, the deformation of the bearing material and the dynamic response of the lubrication system are completely mismatched with the change rates of speed and load, resulting in local sliding and rolling phenomena in the bearings. The occurrence of local sliding phenomena will aggravate the deterioration of bearing performance and reduce bearing life. Therefore, it is necessary to study the sliding behavior under non-steady-state conditions. However, since the rolling and sliding state of the bearing under rolling conditions is random, it is difficult to monitor the transient sliding-rolling ratio of the bearing under rolling conditions, and it is impossible to accurately evaluate the non-steady-state damage behavior of the bearing.

[0004] Therefore, how to design a reasonable and feasible method, ingeniously designed to evaluate the damage behavior of bearings under non-steady-state service conditions, find a suitable rolling bearing non-steady-state damage detection and evaluation method, improve bearing performance, and extend bearing life is a rolling bearing non-steady-state damage detection and evaluation method is a problem that needs to be solved at present. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the technical problems of damage and failure mechanism caused by non-steady-state service conditions such as sudden acceleration / deceleration and sudden load change in the non-steady-state service process of existing bearings, the present invention provides a rolling bearing non-steady-state damage detection and evaluation method, which is of great significance for the high reliability and long life design of bearings.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: a method for detecting and evaluating non-steady-state damage of rolling bearings, wherein a rolling test is performed on the bearing material under non-steady-state service conditions by a single-ball rolling friction and wear testing machine, and the non-steady-state service conditions include variable load conditions and variable speed conditions, wherein the load of the rolling bearing changes and the speed remains unchanged under the variable load conditions, and the speed of the rolling bearing changes and the load remains unchanged under the variable speed conditions; a reciprocating sliding test is performed on the same bearing material by a reciprocating sliding friction and wear testing machine, and the test load of the reciprocating sliding test is determined according to the load during the rolling test, and the linear speed difference between the driving wheel of the testing machine and the steel ball during the rolling test is used as the sliding speed of the reciprocating sliding test, and the non-steady-state damage amount of the bearing material under non-steady-state conditions and the steady-state damage amount under steady-state conditions are calculated according to the test load, sliding speed, set sliding test time and reciprocating sliding stroke during the reciprocating sliding test, and the wear mark area of ​​the bearing material obtained by the test, thereby obtaining the bearing non-steady-state damage influence factor, and judging the non-steady-state damage situation of the rolling bearing according to the bearing non-steady-state damage influence factor.

[0007] The above is a basic implementation of the present invention, and further improvements, perfections and limitations can be made on the above basis: for example, the rolling test and the reciprocating sliding test adopt the same oil lubrication conditions.

[0008] The above is a basic implementation of the present invention, and further improvements, perfections and limitations can be made on the basis of the above: when the non-steady-state service condition adopts a variable load condition, The single ball rolling friction and wear tester is set to drive wheel speed n1, n1 is a constant value, and the test load is set to P1. After running for a period of time, The load change rate changes from P1 to P t , when the load reaches P t When the load is quickly The load change rate is from P t It suddenly changes to P1, and then runs for a period of time under the conditions of load P1 and speed n1; The non-steady-state mutation time is calculated to be , at any time t of the non-steady-state mutation time t i The corresponding load is P i , the linear velocity difference between the driving wheel and the steel ball is v i .

[0009] The above is a basic implementation of the present invention, and further improvements, perfections and limitations can be made on the above basis: For example, when the non-steady-state service condition adopts a variable speed test, The test load is set to p, p is a constant value, the driving wheel speed is set to n1, and it runs for a period of time, and then The speed change rate changes the speed from n1 to nt , and wait until the driving wheel speed reaches v t When The load rate changes from n t It suddenly changes to n1, and then runs for a period of time under the conditions of speed n1 and load p; The non-steady-state mutation time is calculated to be , at any time t of the non-steady-state mutation time t i The corresponding load is p, and the linear velocity difference between the driving wheel and the steel ball is v i .

[0010] The above is a basic implementation manner of the present invention, and further improvements, perfections and limitations can be made on the above basis: for example, the contact stress between the driving wheel and the steel ball in the rolling test is calculated according to the load of the rolling test; based on the fact that the contact stress between the driving wheel and the steel ball in the rolling test is the same as the contact stress between the ball and the surface in the reciprocating sliding test, the test load of the reciprocating sliding test is calculated according to the contact stress between the ball and the surface in the reciprocating sliding test.

[0011] The above is the basic implementation of the present invention, and further improvements, perfection and limitations can be made on the basis of the above: for example, in the rolling test, the driving wheel and the steel ball are of ball-ring contact type, and the contact stress , where E * is the equivalent elastic modulus, and the calculation formula is , E1 and E2 are the elastic moduli of the steel ball and the driving wheel materials, μ1 and μ2 are the Poisson's ratios of the steel ball and the driving wheel materials, R1 is the radius of the steel ball, and R2 is the curvature radius of the driving wheel raceway; the rolling test load P i Substituting the above formula, the contact stress s between the driving wheel and the steel ball in the rolling test is calculated: i ; In the reciprocating sliding test, the contact type is spherical-surface type, and the contact stress , where E is the equivalent elastic modulus in the reciprocating sliding test, and E * Same, R is the radius of the reciprocating sliding test ball; according to the contact stress s i Calculate the test load F for the reciprocating sliding test i .

[0012] The above is the basic implementation method of the present invention, and further improvements, perfection and limitations can be made on the above basis: for example, the wear of the bearing material under non-steady-state conditions and steady-state conditions is tested by reciprocating sliding test, and the wear scar area A is measured by a three-dimensional profiler during the process. i ; According to the volume wear rate calculation formula , calculate the volume wear rate w of the material under non-steady-state conditions i , where w i Represents any time t in the non-steady-state mutation time t iWear rate of material, A i is the wear scar area, v i is the linear velocity difference between the driving wheel and the steel ball, t 滑 is the reciprocating sliding test time, L is the reciprocating sliding stroke; the volume wear rate w in the non-steady-state mutation process i Superposition to obtain the non-steady-state damage of the bearing material ; Under steady-state conditions, at any time t i The volume wear rate of the material is , where F1 is the reciprocating sliding test load determined according to the load when the rolling test reaches a steady state, v1 is the linear velocity difference between the driving wheel and the steel ball when the rolling test reaches a steady state, and A1 is the wear scar cross-sectional area corresponding to the test load F1 and sliding velocity v1 in the reciprocating sliding test. The steady-state damage amount is further obtained as .

[0013] The above is the basic implementation method of the present invention, and further improvements, perfections and limitations can be made on the above basis: for example, the non-steady-state damage influencing factor of the bearing material can be calculated based on the non-steady-state damage amount of the bearing material under non-steady-state conditions and the steady-state damage amount under steady-state conditions. ;like , indicating that the bearing changes from a stable lubrication state to an unstable lubrication state, and the bearing damage is aggravated under the non-steady-state service condition, and the bearing life is reduced; , indicating that the non-steady-state service condition of the bearing does not affect the bearing damage; , indicating that the bearing changes from an unstable lubrication state to a stable lubrication state, and the bearing damage is reduced under non-steady-state service conditions.

[0014] Beneficial Effects According to the sudden acceleration / deceleration and sudden load change under different non-steady-state service conditions, the present invention uses a single-ball rolling friction and wear tester to respectively perform load and speed change tests on rolling bearing materials. The tester can directly output the instantaneous rotation speed of the driving wheel and the driven wheel, so as to obtain the instantaneous sliding-rolling ratio of the bearing material, and then obtain the instantaneous linear velocity difference between the driving wheel and the steel ball, which is the sliding velocity of the material. Then, a reciprocating sliding friction and wear tester is used to test the friction and wear performance of the material under oil lubrication, and a three-dimensional profiler is used to measure the wear scar area in the sliding test. Then, according to the wear rate result, the non-steady-state damage influencing factor of the bearing material under rolling conditions is calculated, thereby detecting and evaluating the non-steady-state damage of the rolling bearing.

[0015] The method of the present invention is reasonable and feasible, and has an ingenious design. It evaluates the damage behavior of the bearing under non-steady-state service conditions, finds a suitable non-steady-state damage detection and evaluation method for the rolling bearing, improves the bearing performance, and prolongs the bearing life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the non-steady-state test of a single ball rolling bearing; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the reciprocating sliding test of bearing materials; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of load spectrum under non-steady-state conditions in rolling test; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of linear velocity difference (sliding velocity) under non-steady-state conditions in rolling test; Figure 5 It is the schematic diagram of the test load in the sliding test; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the non-steady-state damage wear rate and steady-state damage wear rate of the material under rolling conditions; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the non-steady-state damage wear rate and steady-state damage wear rate of GCr15 steel under the rolling test condition No. 1; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the non-steady-state damage wear rate and steady-state damage wear rate of GCr15 steel under the rolling test condition No. 2; Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the non-steady-state damage wear rate and steady-state damage wear rate of GCr15 steel under the No. 3 rolling test conditions. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to drawings and tables.

[0018] In actual application, for the convenience of description, the bearing material in the following steps of the present invention is GCr15 steel.

[0019] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, a method for detecting and evaluating non-steady-state damage of rolling bearings is provided. A rolling test is performed on bearing materials under non-steady-state service conditions by a single-ball rolling friction and wear testing machine. The non-steady-state service conditions include variable load conditions and variable speed conditions. Under variable load conditions, the load of the rolling bearing changes and the speed remains unchanged. Under variable speed conditions, the speed of the rolling bearing changes and the load remains unchanged. A reciprocating sliding test is performed on the same bearing material by a reciprocating sliding friction and wear testing machine. The test load of the reciprocating sliding test is determined according to the load during the rolling test. The linear velocity difference between the driving wheel of the testing machine and the steel ball during the rolling test is used as the sliding speed of the reciprocating sliding test. According to the test load, sliding speed, set sliding test time and reciprocating sliding stroke during the reciprocating sliding test, and the wear mark area of ​​the bearing material obtained by the test, the non-steady-state damage amount of the bearing material under non-steady-state conditions and the steady-state damage amount under steady-state conditions are calculated, thereby obtaining the bearing non-steady-state damage influencing factor. The non-steady-state damage situation of the rolling bearing is judged according to the bearing non-steady-state damage influencing factor.

[0020] The rolling test and the reciprocating sliding test adopt the same oil lubrication condition.

[0021] When the non-steady-state service condition adopts the variable load condition, such as Figure 3 , 4 As shown in the figure, a non-steady-state test of bearing materials under oil lubrication is carried out using a single ball rolling friction and wear tester. The speed of the driving wheel of the single ball rolling friction and wear tester is set to n1, n1 is a constant value, and the test load is set to P1. After running for a period of time, The load change rate changes from P1 to P t , when the load reaches P t When the load is quickly The load change rate is from P t It suddenly changes to P1, and then runs for a period of time under the conditions of load P1 and speed n1; The non-steady-state mutation time is calculated to be , at any time t of the non-steady-state mutation time t i The corresponding load is P i , the linear velocity difference between the driving wheel and the steel ball is v i .

[0022] When the non-steady-state service condition adopts the variable speed test, The test load is set to p, p is a constant value, the driving wheel speed is set to n1, and it runs for a period of time, and then The speed change rate changes the speed from n1 to n t , and wait until the driving wheel speed reaches v t When The load rate changes from n t It suddenly changes to n1, and then runs for a period of time under the conditions of speed n1 and load p; The non-steady-state mutation time is calculated to be , at any time t of the non-steady-state mutation time t i The corresponding load is p, and the linear velocity difference between the driving wheel and the steel ball is v i .

[0023] The contact stress between the driving wheel and the steel ball in the rolling test is calculated based on the load of the rolling test. The contact stress between the driving wheel and the steel ball in the rolling test is the same as the contact stress between the ball and the surface in the reciprocating sliding test. The test load of the reciprocating sliding test is calculated based on the contact stress between the ball and the surface in the reciprocating sliding test. The sliding speed in the reciprocating sliding test is the linear speed difference v between the driving wheel and the steel ball in the rolling variable load test. i , the sliding test time in the reciprocating sliding test is t 滑 (fixed value), the reciprocating sliding stroke is L (fixed value).

[0024] Figure 5 As shown in the figure, in the rolling test, the driving wheel and the steel ball are in ball-ring contact type, and the contact stress , where E * is the equivalent elastic modulus, and the calculation formula is , E1 and E2 are the elastic moduli of the steel ball and the driving wheel materials, μ1 and μ2 are the Poisson's ratios of the steel ball and the driving wheel materials, R1 is the radius of the steel ball, and R2 is the curvature radius of the driving wheel raceway; the rolling test load P i Substituting the above formula, the contact stress s between the driving wheel and the steel ball in the rolling test is calculated: i ; In the reciprocating sliding test, the contact type is spherical-surface type, and the contact stress , where E is the equivalent elastic modulus in the reciprocating sliding test, and E * Same, R is the radius of the reciprocating sliding test ball; according to the contact stress s i Calculate the test load F for the reciprocating sliding test i .

[0025] The wear of bearing materials under non-steady-state and steady-state conditions is tested by reciprocating sliding tests, such as Figure 6 As shown, the wear scar area A was measured using a three-dimensional profiler during the process. i ; According to the volume wear rate calculation formula , calculate the volume wear rate w of the material under non-steady-state conditions i , where w i Represents any time t in the non-steady-state mutation time t i Wear rate of material, A i is the wear scar area, v i is the linear velocity difference between the driving wheel and the steel ball, t 滑 is the reciprocating sliding test time, L is the reciprocating sliding stroke; the volume wear rate w in the non-steady-state mutation process i Superposition to obtain the non-steady-state damage of the bearing material ; Under steady-state conditions, at any time t i The volume wear rate of the material is , where F1 is the reciprocating sliding test load determined according to the load when the rolling test reaches a steady state, v1 is the linear velocity difference between the driving wheel and the steel ball when the rolling test reaches a steady state, and A1 is the wear scar cross-sectional area corresponding to the test load F1 and sliding velocity v1 in the reciprocating sliding test. The steady-state damage amount is further obtained as .

[0026] The above is the basic implementation method of the present invention, and further improvements, perfections and limitations can be made on the above basis: for example, the non-steady-state damage influencing factor of the bearing material can be calculated based on the non-steady-state damage amount of the bearing material under non-steady-state conditions and the steady-state damage amount under steady-state conditions. ;like , indicating that the bearing changes from a stable lubrication state to an unstable lubrication state, and the bearing damage is aggravated under the non-steady-state service condition, and the bearing life is reduced; , indicating that the non-steady-state service condition of the bearing does not affect the bearing damage; , indicating that the bearing changes from an unstable lubrication state to a stable lubrication state, and the bearing damage is reduced under non-steady-state service conditions.

[0027] In the specific implementation process of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 7-9 , Figure 7-9 The non-steady-state damage wear rate diagram and steady-state damage wear rate diagram of GCr15 steel under different conditions. The overall gray area in the figure is the non-steady-state damage amount, and the cross-section area is the steady-state damage amount. Among them, Figure 7 The rolling test conditions shown are set as load 1~2.5~1 KN, speed 1000 rpm, load change rate 1 KN / min, and non-steady-state time 180 s (No. 1); Figure 8 The rolling test conditions shown are set as load 1~2.5~1 KN, speed 1000rpm, load change rate 1.5 KN / min, and non-steady-state time 120 s (No. 2); Fig. 9 The rolling test conditions shown are set to a speed of 3000~1000~3000 rpm, a load of 1 KN, a speed change rate of 400rpm / s, and a non-steady-state time of 20 s (No. 3). The driving wheel, driven wheel, and steel ball in all rolling tests are made of GCr15 steel, with elastic moduli E1 and E2 of 210 GPa, Poisson's ratios μ1 and μ2 of 0.3, the diameters of the driving wheel and driven wheel are both D=60.404 mm, the radius R1 of the steel ball is 8.731 mm, and the curvature radius R2 of the driving wheel raceway is 8.99 mm; the steel ball material in all sliding tests is GCr15 steel, with an elastic modulus E of 210 GPa, a radius R of the steel ball of 3.175 mm, and a sliding test time of 1. t 滑 =10 min, and the reciprocating sliding stroke is set to L=12 mm. The wear scar area A of GCr15 steel in the sliding test was measured using a three-dimensional topography instrument. i , according to the volume wear rate calculation formula , calculate the volume wear rate w of the material under non-steady-state conditions i and the volume wear rate w of the material under steady-state conditions 稳态 , the volume wear rate w in the non-steady-state mutation process i and the volume wear rate w of the material under steady-state conditions i稳态 Superimpose them respectively to obtain the non-steady-state damage amount of the bearing material and the steady-state damage is , and further calculated the non-steady-state damage influence factor h of the bearing material under rolling conditions, as shown in Table 1.

[0028] Table 1 Influencing factors of unsteady-state damage of GCr15 steel under different unsteady-state conditions It can be seen from Table 1 that the non-steady-state damage influence factors of No. 1 and No. 2 are both greater than 1, indicating that under these two service conditions, the bearing changes from a stable lubrication state to an unstable lubrication state, material damage is aggravated, and the bearing life is reduced. In addition, the non-steady-state damage influence factor of No. 1 is smaller than that of No. 2, indicating that the bearing damage caused by the non-steady-state condition of No. 2 is more serious. The non-steady-state damage influence factor of No. 3 is less than 1, indicating that the bearing changes from an unstable lubrication state to a stable lubrication state, and under the service conditions shown in No. 3, the material damage is reduced.

[0029] The method of the present invention is reasonable and feasible, and is ingeniously designed. It evaluates the damage behavior of the bearing under non-steady-state service conditions, and is of great significance for the high reliability and long life design of the bearing.

[0030] The preferred specific implementation modes and embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the diagrams, but the present invention is not limited to the above implementation modes and embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of those skilled in the art without departing from the concept of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rolling bearing non-steady-state damage detection and assessment method, characterized in that: The rolling test of the bearing material under non-steady-state service conditions is carried out by a single ball rolling friction and wear tester. The non-steady-state service conditions include variable load conditions and variable speed conditions. Under variable load conditions, the load of the rolling bearing changes but the speed remains unchanged. Under variable speed conditions, the speed of the rolling bearing changes but the load remains unchanged. The same bearing material is subjected to a reciprocating sliding test by a reciprocating sliding friction and wear testing machine. The test load of the reciprocating sliding test is determined according to the load during the rolling test. The linear velocity difference between the driving wheel and the steel ball of the rolling test machine during the rolling test is used as the sliding velocity of the reciprocating sliding test. According to the test load, sliding velocity, set sliding test time and reciprocating sliding stroke during the reciprocating sliding test, and the wear scar area of ​​the bearing material obtained in the test, the non-steady-state damage amount of the bearing material under non-steady-state conditions and the steady-state damage amount under steady-state conditions are calculated, thereby obtaining the bearing non-steady-state damage influencing factor, and judging the non-steady-state damage condition of the rolling bearing according to the bearing non-steady-state damage influencing factor.

2. A rolling bearing non-steady-state damage detection and assessment method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The rolling test and the reciprocating sliding test adopted the same oil lubrication condition.

3. A rolling bearing non-steady-state damage detection and assessment method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: When the non-steady-state service condition adopts the variable load condition, The single ball rolling friction and wear tester is set to drive wheel speed n1, n1 is a constant value, and the test load is set to P1. After running for a period of time, The load change rate changes from P1 to P t , when the load reaches P t When the load is quickly The load change rate is from P t It suddenly changes to P1, and then runs for a period of time under the conditions of load P1 and speed n1; The non-steady-state mutation time is calculated to be , at any time t of the non-steady-state mutation time t i The corresponding load is P i , the linear velocity difference between the driving wheel and the steel ball is v i .

4. A rolling bearing non-steady-state damage detection and assessment method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: When the non-steady-state service condition adopts the variable speed test, The test load is set to p, p is a constant value, the driving wheel speed is set to n1, and it runs for a period of time, and then The speed change rate changes the speed from n1 to n t , and wait until the driving wheel speed reaches v t When The load rate changes from n t It suddenly changes to n1, and then runs for a period of time under the conditions of speed n1 and load p; The non-steady-state mutation time is calculated to be , at any time t of the non-steady-state mutation time t i The corresponding load is p, and the linear velocity difference between the driving wheel and the steel ball is v i .

5. A rolling bearing non-steady-state damage detection and assessment method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The contact stress between the driving wheel and the steel ball in the rolling test is calculated according to the load of the rolling test. Based on the fact that the contact stress between the driving wheel and the steel ball in the rolling test is the same as the contact stress between the ball and the surface in the reciprocating sliding test, the test load of the reciprocating sliding test is calculated according to the contact stress between the ball and the surface in the reciprocating sliding test.

6. A rolling bearing non-steady-state damage detection and assessment method as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: In the rolling test, the driving wheel and the steel ball are in ball-ring contact type, and the contact stress , where E * is the equivalent elastic modulus, and the calculation formula is , E1 and E2 are the elastic moduli of the steel ball and the driving wheel materials, μ1 and μ2 are the Poisson's ratios of the steel ball and the driving wheel materials, R1 is the radius of the steel ball, and R2 is the curvature radius of the driving wheel raceway; the rolling test load P i Substituting the above formula, the contact stress s between the driving wheel and the steel ball in the rolling test is calculated: i ; In the reciprocating sliding test, the contact type is spherical-surface type, and the contact stress , where E is the equivalent elastic modulus in the reciprocating sliding test, and E * Same, R is the radius of the reciprocating sliding test ball; according to the contact stress s i Calculate the test load F for the reciprocating sliding test i .

7. A rolling bearing non-steady-state damage detection and assessment method as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The wear of the bearing material under non-steady-state and steady-state conditions was tested by reciprocating sliding test. The wear scar area A was measured by a three-dimensional profiler during the process. i ; According to the volume wear rate calculation formula , calculate the volume wear rate w of the material under non-steady-state conditions i , where w i Represents any time t in the non-steady-state mutation time t i Wear rate of material, A i is the wear scar area, v i is the linear velocity difference between the driving wheel and the steel ball, t 滑 is the reciprocating sliding test time, L is the reciprocating sliding stroke; the volume wear rate w in the non-steady-state mutation process i Superposition to obtain the non-steady-state damage of the bearing material ; Under steady-state conditions, at any time t i The volume wear rate of the material is , where F1 is the reciprocating sliding test load determined according to the load when the rolling test reaches a steady state, v1 is the linear velocity difference between the driving wheel and the steel ball when the rolling test reaches a steady state, and A1 is the wear scar cross-sectional area corresponding to the test load F1 and sliding velocity v1 in the reciprocating sliding test. The steady-state damage amount is further obtained as .

8. A rolling bearing non-steady-state damage detection and assessment method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The non-steady-state damage influencing factor of the bearing material is calculated based on the non-steady-state damage amount under non-steady-state conditions and the steady-state damage amount under steady-state conditions. ;like , indicating that the bearing changes from a stable lubrication state to an unstable lubrication state, and the bearing damage is aggravated under the non-steady-state service condition, and the bearing life is reduced; , indicating that the non-steady-state service condition of the bearing does not affect the bearing damage; , indicating that the bearing changes from an unstable lubrication state to a stable lubrication state, and the bearing damage is reduced under non-steady-state service conditions.

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