Geotechnical engineering disturbance simulation test bed and test method

Abstract

The invention discloses a geotechnical engineering disturbance simulation test bench and a test method.The test bench comprises a left side plate, the left side plate and a right side plate are connected through a U-shaped supporting plate, a top plate is installed at the top, a top pressure test mechanism is installed in the top plate, an electric telescopic rod is vertically and downwards installed in the middle of the mechanism, and a top pressure plate is installed at the bottom of the telescopic rod; a first pressure sensor is mounted at the bottom of the top pressure plate; a rock-soil side pressure test mechanism is installed on the inner side of the bottom of the U-shaped supporting plate, and a side pressure plate is installed between a left side plate and a right side plate on the two sides of the top of the rock-soil side pressure test mechanism. Through the lateral pressure plate of the rock-soil lateral pressure test mechanism, pressure tests are synchronously carried out on the two sides of rock-soil, and errors of overall pressure test data of the rock-soil caused by too large or too small pressure borne by one face of the rock-soil are avoided; by arranging the rock-soil top pressure test mechanism, the stress position of the rock-soil top is adjusted, and the situation that data are inaccurate due to the fact that only the center position of the rock-soil top can be subjected to pressure test is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering tests and relates to a geotechnical engineering disturbance simulation test bench and a test method. Background Art

[0002] During the construction or use of underground space, it is often affected by the disturbance of the surrounding strata, such as the disturbance of the existing subway line to the new subway below, the disturbance of the underground space by the excavation of the adjacent foundation pit, the disturbance of the adjacent tunnel by the working face coal mining, the disturbance of the underground space by earthquakes, etc. These disturbances will cause different degrees of deformation or damage to the underground project, affecting the use of the structure. Taking the mine tunnel as an example, the tunnel near the working face will not only be affected by the static pressure of the overlying rock strata, but also by the disturbance of mining in the adjacent working face.

[0003] The Chinese patent application with application number 201811596768.4 discloses a three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test bench for geotechnical engineering, comprising a horizontal bottom plate, a left side plate, a rear side plate, a front side plate, a right side plate and an upper side plate. The horizontal bottom plate is located on a horizontal concrete floor. The horizontal bottom plate, the left side plate and the rear side plate are integrally formed. A door panel that can be opened and closed is provided at the lower part of the front side plate or the right side plate. Two parallel first slide groove plates are longitudinally provided on the front side of the horizontal bottom plate. Two parallel second slide groove plates are transversely provided on the right side of the horizontal bottom plate. Slide grooves are provided on the first slide groove plate and the second slide groove plate. Slide blocks matched with the slide grooves are provided at the bottoms of the front side plate and the right side plate. A vibration motor is detachably provided on the upper side plate. The front side plate, the right side plate and the upper side plate are all connected to a loading device. This three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test bench for geotechnical engineering can simulate tests of multiple rock and soil bodies, is easy to use, and saves energy.

[0004] Although the above-mentioned patent discloses that pressure testing on both sides and the top of rock and soil is achieved, the pressure testing mechanism on both sides of the rock and soil needs to be adjusted by multiple sets of hydraulic cylinders, and can only perform pressure testing on one side of the rock and soil at a time; the pressure testing mechanism on the top of the rock and soil can only perform pressure testing on the center of the rock and soil, resulting in a lack of accuracy in the data of the pressure test on the top of the rock and soil. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the existing geotechnical engineering simulation test bench, and to provide a geotechnical engineering disturbance simulation test bench and test method, which has the characteristics of being convenient for simultaneously applying pressure to both sides of the rock and soil and facilitating pressure testing at any position on the top of the rock and soil.

[0006] To achieve its purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A geotechnical engineering disturbance simulation test bench provided by the present invention comprises a left side plate, the side edge of the left side plate is connected to one side of the longitudinal part of a U-shaped support plate, a right side plate is installed on the other side of the longitudinal part of the U-shaped support plate, a top plate is installed on the top of the left and right sides of the plate, a geotechnical top pressure test mechanism is installed inside the top plate, an electric telescopic rod is installed vertically downward in the middle of the geotechnical top pressure test mechanism, a top pressure plate is installed at the bottom of the electric telescopic rod, and a first pressure sensor is installed at the bottom of the top pressure plate; a geotechnical side pressure test mechanism is installed on the inner side of the bottom of the U-shaped support plate, and a side pressure plate is installed between the left and right sides of the top of the geotechnical side pressure test mechanism.

[0007] As a further preferred embodiment of the technical solution of the present invention, the rock and soil side pressure testing mechanism includes two groups of slide plates located on both sides of the U-shaped support plate, and a driving assembly is installed on either side of any group of slide plates, and the driving assembly is located at one end inside the slide plate and connected to one end of a two-way screw rod one, and the other end of the two-way screw rod one extends to the outside of the slide plate on the other side of the U-shaped support plate, and a gear one is installed at the end, and the gear one is meshed with one end of a chain, and a gear two is meshed and installed inside the other end of the chain, and a two-way screw rod two is arranged inside the gear two, which passes through one side wall of the other group of slide plates and is located inside the other group of slide plates, and the side pressure plate is installed on the top of the two-way screw rod one and the two-way screw rod two through sliding nuts.

[0008] Preferably, the driving assembly includes a motor 1 installed on the side of the slide plate, a small gear is installed at the output end of the motor 1, and a large gear fixedly connected to a bidirectional screw rod 1 is meshed and installed at the bottom of the small gear.

[0009] Preferably, a slide groove is provided inside the slide groove plate, and the sliding nut is slidably installed in the slide groove.

[0010] Preferably, the rock and soil top pressure testing mechanism includes a second motor installed on the side of the top plate, the output end of the second motor is located inside the top plate, and the end is connected to one end of a screw rod, the other end of the screw rod extends to the other inner wall of the top plate, and a mounting seat fixedly connected to the electric telescopic rod is installed in the middle of the screw rod.

[0011] Preferably, the rock and soil top pressure testing mechanism further comprises a limit groove arranged inside one side of the top plate, a limit block is slidably connected in the limit groove, and the limit block is connected to the top of the mounting seat.

[0012] The method for conducting a geotechnical engineering disturbance test using the simulation test bench provided by the present invention comprises the following steps: Step 1: Install the second pressure sensor on the side of the side pressure plate and place the rock and soil at the top center of the U-shaped support plate; Step 2, turn on the motor 1, the motor 1 drives the small gear, the large gear, the bidirectional screw rod 1, the gear 1, the chain, the gear 2 and the bidirectional screw rod 2 to rotate in sequence through the output end, the bidirectional screw rod 1 and the bidirectional screw rod 2 rotate to drive the sliding nut to approach each other, thereby driving the side pressure plate to pressurize the rock and soil on the side, and the side pressure condition of the rock and soil can be tested through the second pressure sensor on the side of the side pressure plate; Step 3: Transmit the data of the second sensor to an external display screen for display, so as to know the lateral strength of the rock and soil; Step 4. When it is necessary to test the top of the rock and soil at the same time, turn on motor 2. Motor 2 drives the screw to rotate through the output end. The rotation of the screw drives the mounting seat, the electric telescopic rod and the top pressure plate to move in turn. After the top pressure plate is moved to the specified position, the electric telescopic rod is started to drive the top pressure plate to pressurize the top of the rock and soil. The pressure data is then detected by the first pressure sensor, and the data of the first pressure sensor is transmitted to the external display screen for display, so that the top strength of the rock and soil can be known.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention sets up a rock and soil side pressure test mechanism, which can synchronously perform pressure tests on the rock and soil through a group of side pressure plates to ensure that the pressure test on the rock and soil can be more accurate, and can avoid the problem of errors in the pressure test data of the rock and soil as a whole due to excessive or insufficient pressure on one side of the rock and soil.

[0014] 2. The present invention provides a rock and soil top pressure test mechanism, which can adjust the force position at the top of the rock and soil, thereby avoiding the problem of inaccurate data generated when only the pressure test is performed on the center position of the top of the rock and soil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the geotechnical engineering disturbance simulation test bench of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rock and soil side pressure test mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the drive assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rock and soil top pressure test mechanism of the present invention; In the figure: 1. left side plate; 2. top plate; 3. geotechnical top pressure test mechanism; 31. mounting seat; 32. screw; 33. motor 2; 34. limit groove; 35. limit block; 4. right side plate; 5. geotechnical side pressure test mechanism; 51. drive assembly; 511. motor 1; 512. small gear; 513. large gear; 52. slide plate; 53. bidirectional screw 1; 54. sliding nut; 55. gear 1; 56. chain; 57. gear 2; 58. bidirectional screw 2; 6. side pressure plate; 7. U-shaped support plate; 8. electric telescopic rod; 9. top pressure plate; 10. first pressure sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention is described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] See also Figure 1-4 A geotechnical engineering disturbance simulation test bench provided in this embodiment includes a left side plate 1, the side edge of the left side plate 1 is connected to one side of the longitudinal part of a U-shaped support plate 7, a right side plate 4 is installed on the other side of the longitudinal part of the U-shaped support plate 7, a top plate 2 is installed on the top of the left side plate 1 and the right side plate 4, a geotechnical top pressure test mechanism 3 is installed inside the top plate 2, an electric telescopic rod 8 is installed vertically downward in the middle of the geotechnical top pressure test mechanism 3, a top pressure plate 9 is installed at the bottom of the electric telescopic rod 8, and a first pressure sensor 10 is installed at the bottom of the top pressure plate 9; a geotechnical side pressure test mechanism 5 is installed on the inner side of the bottom of the U-shaped support plate 7, and a side pressure plate 6 is installed between the left side plate 1 and the right side plate 4 on both sides of the top of the geotechnical side pressure test mechanism 5.

[0018] Specifically, the geotechnical side pressure test mechanism 5 includes two groups of slide plates 52 located on both sides of the U-shaped support plate 7. A driving assembly 51 is installed on either side of any group of slide plates 52. The driving assembly 51 is located inside the slide plate 52 and one end is connected to one end of a two-way screw rod 53. The other end of the two-way screw rod 53 extends to the outside of the slide plate 52 on the other side of the U-shaped support plate 7, and a gear 55 is installed at the end. The gear 55 is meshed with one end of a chain 56, and a gear 2 57 is meshed inside the other end of the chain 56. A two-way screw rod 2 58 is arranged inside the gear 2 57, which passes through one side wall of the other group of slide plates 52 and is located inside the other group of slide plates 52. The side pressure plate 6 is installed on the top of the two-way screw rod 53 and the two-way screw rod 2 58 through a sliding nut 54. By adopting the above technical solution, the side pressure plate 6 can be adjusted so that the rock and soil can be subjected to pressure tests on two surfaces at the same time.

[0019] Specifically, the driving assembly 51 includes a motor 511 installed on the side of the slide plate 52, a small gear 512 is installed at the output end of the motor 511, and a large gear 513 fixedly connected to the bidirectional screw rod 53 is meshed and installed at the bottom of the small gear 512.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the bidirectional screw rod 53 can be driven to rotate more labor-savingly.

[0021] Specifically, a sliding groove is provided inside the sliding groove plate 52, and the sliding nut 54 is slidably installed in the sliding groove.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the stability of the sliding nut 54 during the sliding process can be improved.

[0023] Specifically, the geotechnical top pressure testing mechanism 3 includes a motor 33 installed on the side of the top plate 2. The output end of the motor 33 is located inside the top plate 2, and the end is connected to one end of a screw 32. The other end of the screw 32 extends to the other inner wall of the top plate 2. A mounting seat 31 fixedly connected to the electric telescopic rod 8 is installed in the middle of the screw 32.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the position of the top pressure plate 9 can be easily adjusted.

[0025] Specifically, the rock and soil top pressure test mechanism 3 also includes a limit groove 34 arranged inside one side of the top plate 2, and a limit block 35 is slidably connected in the limit groove 34, and the limit block 35 is connected to the top of the mounting seat 31.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the stability of the mounting seat 31 during the sliding process can be improved.

[0027] When using the above-mentioned simulation test bench to conduct a geotechnical engineering disturbance test, first install a second pressure sensor (existing technology, not shown in the figure) on the side of the side pressure plate 6, and place the geotechnical on the top center of the U-shaped support plate 7. Turn on the motor 1 511, and the motor 1 511 drives the pinion 512, the large gear 513, the bidirectional screw 1 53, the gear 1 55, the chain 56, the gear 2 57 and the bidirectional screw 2 58 to rotate in sequence through the output end. The bidirectional screw 1 53 and the bidirectional screw 2 58 rotate to drive the sliding nut 54 to approach each other, thereby driving the side pressure plate 6 to pressurize the geotechnical on the side. The side pressure condition of the geotechnical can be tested through the second pressure sensor on the side of the side pressure plate 6. The data of the second sensor is transmitted to the external display screen for display, and the side strength of the geotechnical can be obtained, so as to know whether the geotechnical can bear the influence of the disturbance, so as to ensure that the underground building will not be deformed due to disturbance and other reasons. When it is necessary to test the top of the rock and soil at the same time, turn on the motor 2 33, and the motor 2 33 drives the screw 32 to rotate through the output end. The rotation of the screw 32 drives the mounting seat 31, the electric telescopic rod 8 and the top pressure plate 9 to move in turn. After the top pressure plate 9 is moved to the specified position, the electric telescopic rod 8 is started to drive the top pressure plate 9 to pressurize the top of the rock and soil. The pressure data is then detected by the first pressure sensor 10. The data of the first pressure sensor 10 is transmitted to the external display screen for display, so that the top strength of the rock and soil can be known.

[0028] The structure and use principle of the first pressure sensor 10 and the second pressure sensor in the present invention have been disclosed in a three-dimensional comprehensive simulation test bench for geotechnical engineering in Chinese patent application No. 201811596768.4. Its working principle is to test the pressure of rock and soil through sensors, connect the data to an external monitoring and control system, and then display the data on a display screen for observation by personnel.

Claims

1. A geotechnical engineering disturbance simulation test bench, characterized in that: The invention comprises a left side plate (1), wherein the side edge of the left side plate (1) is connected to one side of the longitudinal part of a U-shaped support plate (7), a right side plate (4) is installed on the other side of the longitudinal part of the U-shaped support plate (7), a top plate (2) is installed on the top of the left side plate (1) and the right side plate (4), a rock and soil top pressure test mechanism (3) is installed inside the top plate (2), an electric telescopic rod (8) is installed vertically downward in the middle of the rock and soil top pressure test mechanism (3), a top pressure plate (9) is installed at the bottom of the electric telescopic rod (8), and a first pressure sensor (10) is installed at the bottom of the top pressure plate (9); a rock and soil side pressure test mechanism (5) is installed on the inner side of the bottom of the U-shaped support plate (7), and side pressure plates (6) are installed between the left side plate (1) and the right side plate (4) on both sides of the top of the rock and soil side pressure test mechanism (5).

2. A geotechnical engineering disturbance simulation test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rock and soil side pressure test mechanism (5) comprises two groups of slide plates (52) located on both sides of a U-shaped support plate (7), and a driving assembly (51) is installed on either side of any group of slide plates (52). The driving assembly (51) is located inside the slide plate (52) and one end is connected to one end of a bidirectional screw rod (53). The other end of the bidirectional screw rod (53) extends to the outside of the slide plate (52) on the other side of the U-shaped support plate (7), and a gear (55) is installed at the end. The gear (55) is meshed with one end of a chain (56), and a gear (57) is meshed inside the other end of the chain (56). A bidirectional screw rod (58) is provided inside the gear (57) and passes through a side wall of the other group of slide plates (52) and is located inside the other group of slide plates (52). The tops of the bidirectional screw rods (53) and (58) are mounted on the side pressure plate (6) through sliding nuts (54).

3. A geotechnical engineering disturbance simulation test bench according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving assembly (51) comprises a motor 1 (511) mounted on the side of the slide plate (52), a small gear (512) being mounted on the output end of the motor 1 (511), and a large gear (513) being meshed and mounted on the bottom of the small gear (512) and fixedly connected to a bidirectional screw rod 1 (53).

4. A geotechnical engineering disturbance simulation test bench according to claim 2, characterized in that: A sliding groove is provided inside the sliding groove plate (52), and the sliding nut (54) is slidably installed in the sliding groove.

5. A geotechnical engineering disturbance simulation test bench according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rock and soil top pressure test mechanism (3) comprises a second motor (33) installed on the side of the top plate (2), the output end of the second motor (33) is located inside the top plate (2), and the end is connected to one end of a screw rod (32), the other end of the screw rod (32) extends to the other inner side wall of the top plate (2), and a mounting seat (31) fixedly connected to the electric telescopic rod (8) is installed in the middle of the screw rod (32).

6. A geotechnical engineering disturbance simulation test bench according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rock and soil top pressure test mechanism (3) further comprises a limit groove (34) provided inside one side of the top plate (2), a limit block (35) being slidably connected inside the limit groove (34), and the limit block (35) being connected to the top of the mounting seat (31).

7. A method for conducting a geotechnical engineering disturbance test using the simulation test bench as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Install a second pressure sensor on the side of the side pressure plate (6), and place the rock and soil at the top center of the U-shaped support plate (7); Step 2, turn on the motor 1 (511), the motor 1 (511) drives the small gear (512), the large gear (513), the bidirectional screw rod 1 (53), the gear 1 (55), the chain (56), the gear 2 (57) and the bidirectional screw rod 2 (58) to rotate in sequence through the output end, the bidirectional screw rod 1 (53) and the bidirectional screw rod 2 (58) rotate to drive the sliding nut (54) to approach each other, thereby driving the side pressure plate (6) to pressurize the rock and soil on the side, and the side pressure condition of the rock and soil can be tested through the second pressure sensor on the side of the side pressure plate (6); Step 3: Transmit the data of the second sensor to an external display screen for display, so as to know the lateral strength of the rock and soil; Step 4: When it is necessary to test the top of the rock and soil at the same time, turn on the second motor (33). The second motor (33) drives the screw rod (32) to rotate through the output end. The rotation of the screw rod (32) drives the mounting seat (31), the electric telescopic rod (8) and the top pressure plate (9) to move in turn. After the top pressure plate (9) is moved to a specified position, the electric telescopic rod (8) is started to drive the top pressure plate (9) to pressurize the top of the rock and soil. Then, the pressure data is detected by the first pressure sensor (10), and the data of the first pressure sensor (10) is transmitted to an external display screen for display, so that the top strength of the rock and soil can be obtained.

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