Dosimeter circuit

Abstract

The invention provides a dosimeter circuit, and relates to the field of radioactive dose detection. According to the technical scheme, the detector does not need other auxiliary devices, the dose electric signal representing the dose value of the radioactive object can be directly generated according to the action of the formamidine lead bromide crystal, the controller can determine the dose value of the radioactive object according to the dose electric signal, and the dose value of the radioactive object can be determined without designing the auxiliary devices. The size of equipment can be effectively reduced, and the equipment is convenient to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of radioactive dose detection, and in particular to a dose meter circuit. Background Art

[0002] At present, the equipment for radioactive dose detection is mainly silicon semiconductor dosimeter composed of silicon semiconductor, scintillator crystal and photodiode. Among them, the core hardware of silicon semiconductor dosimeter includes silicon detector. The silicon detector contains scintillator crystal, which is combined with photomultiplier tube (PMT) or silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) for radiation measurement. The radiation ions of the radioactive object react with the scintillator crystal to generate light signals, and the photomultiplier tube or silicon photomultiplier amplifies the light signal and converts it into an electrical signal. Photomultiplier tubes or silicon photomultipliers serve as auxiliary devices of scintillator crystals, and the general auxiliary devices are large in size, which leads to the large size of the dosimeter, which is easy to cause inconvenience in use. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the present application provides a dosimeter circuit that can detect the dose value of radioactive objects directly through detectors and controllers without the need for auxiliary devices, thereby reducing the size of the equipment.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first aspect of the present application discloses a dosimeter circuit for measuring the dose value of a radioactive object, comprising:

[0005] A detector, wherein the detector comprises a formamidinium lead bromide crystal, the radiation acts on the formamidinium lead bromide crystal, an electrical parameter of the formamidinium lead bromide crystal changes, and the detector is used to detect the change of the electrical parameter and generate a dose electrical signal;

[0006] A controller is connected to the detector for obtaining the electrical dose signal, and the controller determines the dose value of the radioactive object according to the electrical dose signal.

[0007] Optionally, the detector includes a tube shell cap, a tube shell bottom and the formamidine lead bromide crystal, the tube shell cap and the tube shell bottom are arranged in a box to form a receiving cavity, and the formamidine lead bromide crystal is arranged in the receiving cavity;

[0008] A first electrode sheet is provided on the first surface of the formamidinium lead bromide crystal, a second electrode sheet is provided on the second surface of the formamidinium lead bromide crystal, a third electrode sheet and a fourth electrode sheet are provided on the surface of the bottom of the tube shell facing the formamidinium lead bromide crystal, the first electrode sheet is electrically connected to the third electrode sheet, the second electrode sheet is electrically connected to the fourth electrode sheet, and the first surface and the second surface are arranged opposite to each other.

[0009] Optionally, the first electrode sheet is a bismuth metal electrode sheet, and the second electrode sheet includes a carbon electrode sheet and a silver metal sheet, and the carbon electrode sheet and the silver metal sheet are connected.

[0010] Optionally, the dosimeter circuit further includes: a front-end analog circuit;

[0011] The front-end analog circuit is connected to the detector and the controller;

[0012] The front-end analog circuit includes a first operational amplifier circuit and a second operational amplifier circuit;

[0013] The first operational amplifier circuit includes a first operational amplifier and a first resistor, and the second operational amplifier circuit includes a second operational amplifier, a second resistor and a third resistor;

[0014] The inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier through the first resistor, the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier is grounded, and the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the detector;

[0015] The positive input terminal of the second operational amplifier is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier, the output terminal of the second operational amplifier is grounded through the second resistor and the third resistor connected in series, the negative input terminal of the second operational amplifier is connected to the series position of the second resistor and the third resistor, and the output terminal of the second operational amplifier is connected to the controller.

[0016] Optionally, the front-end analog circuit further includes: a first RC filter circuit and a second RC filter circuit;

[0017] The first RC filter circuit is connected to the first operational amplifier circuit and the second operational amplifier circuit respectively, and the second RC filter circuit is connected to the second operational amplifier circuit and the controller respectively.

[0018] Optionally, the controller includes a single-chip microcomputer circuit, and the dosimeter circuit also includes a power supply;

[0019] The single-chip microcomputer circuit includes a single-chip microcomputer and a single-chip microcomputer peripheral circuit;

[0020] The single chip microcomputer peripheral circuit includes: a bypass capacitor circuit and an RC delay network circuit;

[0021] The bypass capacitor circuit is used to connect to the power port of the single-chip computer and the power supply, and the bypass capacitor circuit includes a first capacitor and a second capacitor;

[0022] The first end of the first capacitor and the first end of the second capacitor are grounded together, the second end of the first capacitor and the second end of the second capacitor are connected, the second end of the first capacitor is connected to the power supply, and the second end of the second capacitor is connected to the power port;

[0023] The RC delay network circuit is used to connect to the enable port of the microcontroller and the bypass capacitor circuit. The RC delay network circuit includes a fourth resistor and a third capacitor. The first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the power port of the microcontroller, the second end of the fourth resistor is grounded through the third capacitor, and the second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the enable port of the microcontroller.

[0024] Optionally, the dosimeter circuit further includes: a power supply module;

[0025] The power supply module comprises a first power supply module, the first power supply module is powered by the first power supply and the second power supply, the first power supply module is used to supply power to the detector, and the first power supply module comprises: an inverting charge pump chip, a fourth capacitor, a fifth capacitor and a ripple filtering circuit;

[0026] The input end of the inverting charge pump chip is connected to the first power supply, the input end of the inverting charge pump chip is grounded through the fourth capacitor, the positive terminal of the flying capacitor of the inverting charge pump chip is connected to the negative terminal of the flying capacitor of the inverting charge pump chip through the fifth capacitor, the grounding end of the inverting charge pump chip is grounded, and the output end of the inverting charge pump chip is connected to the power supply end of the detector;

[0027] The ripple filtering circuit includes a sixth capacitor, a fifth resistor and a seventh capacitor. The output end of the inverting charge pump chip is connected to the ground end of the inverting charge pump chip through the sixth capacitor, the output end of the inverting charge pump chip is connected to the second power supply through the fifth resistor, and the second power supply is connected to the ground end of the inverting charge pump chip through the seventh capacitor.

[0028] Optionally, the power module includes a second power module, the first power module is powered by a first power supply and a third power supply, and the second power module is used to supply power to the controller;

[0029] The second power supply module includes: a low-voltage difference linear regulator chip, an eighth capacitor and a ninth capacitor, the input end of the low-voltage difference linear regulator chip and the enable end of the low-voltage difference linear regulator chip are respectively connected to the first power supply, the input end of the low-voltage difference linear regulator chip and the enable end of the low-voltage difference linear regulator chip are respectively grounded through the eighth capacitor, the output end of the low-voltage difference linear regulator chip and the adjustable detection end of the low-voltage difference linear regulator chip are respectively connected to the third power supply, and the output end of the low-voltage difference linear regulator chip and the adjustable detection end of the low-voltage difference linear regulator chip are respectively grounded through the eighth capacitor.

[0030] Optionally, the single chip microcomputer includes: an analog-to-digital converter;

[0031] The analog-to-digital converter is connected to the detector via an input terminal of the single-chip microcomputer.

[0032] Optionally, the single chip microcomputer includes: a communication module;

[0033] The communication module is connected to the analog-to-digital converter, and is used to upload the digital signal generated by the analog-to-digital converter converting the dosage electrical signal.

[0034] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising: a dosimeter circuit as disclosed in any one of the first aspects.

[0035] In summary, according to the technical solution disclosed in the present application, the present application provides a dosimeter circuit for measuring the dose value of the radiation radiated by a radioactive object, including: a detector, the detector includes a formamidinium lead bromide crystal, the radiation acts on the formamidinium lead bromide crystal, the electrical parameters of the formamidinium lead bromide crystal change, the detector is used to detect the change of the electrical parameters and generate a dose electrical signal; a controller, the controller is connected to the detector for communication, and is used to obtain the dose electrical signal, and the controller determines the dose value of the radioactive object according to the dose electrical signal. In the technical solution of the present application, the detector in the dosimeter circuit includes a formamidinium lead bromide crystal, and when the detector is used to measure a radioactive object, the radiation radiated by the radioactive object acts on the formamidinium lead bromide crystal, causing the electrical parameters of the formamidinium lead bromide crystal to change, the detector can directly generate a dose electrical signal according to the change of the electrical parameters, the controller reads the dose electrical signal, and determines the dose value of the radioactive object according to the dose electrical signal. By adopting the technical solution of the present application, the detector does not need other auxiliary devices, and can directly generate a dose electrical signal representing the dose value of the radioactive object based on the action of the formamidinium lead bromide crystal, so that the controller can determine the dose value of the radioactive object based on the dose electrical signal. When there is no need to design auxiliary devices, the size of the equipment can be effectively reduced, making it easier to use the equipment.

[0036] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0039] Figure 1 The circuit structure diagram of the dosimeter provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0040] Figure 2 The structure diagram of the detector provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0041] FIG. 3( a) and FIG. 3( b) show the crystal structure diagram of lead bromide of formamidinium provided in the examples of the present application;

[0042] Figure 4 The front-end analog circuit structure provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown Figure 1 ;

[0043] Figure 5 The front-end analog circuit structure provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown Figure 2 ;

[0044] Figure 6 The structure diagram of the single chip circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0045] Figure 7 A structural diagram of a first power supply module provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0046] Figure 8 A structural diagram of a second power supply module provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0047] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a battery interface provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0048] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the detector pins provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0049] Fig.11A schematic diagram of switches on a circuit board provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to better understand the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this specification, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this specification are described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments of this specification and the specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this specification, rather than limitations on the technical solutions of this specification. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of this specification and the technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0051] In this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or equipment. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements limited by the statement "comprise one..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or equipment including the elements. The term "more than two" includes two or more than two situations.

[0052] At present, the equipment for radioactive dose detection is mainly silicon semiconductor dosimeter, whose core hardware includes silicon detector, current amplifier, analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and display module. When the silicon semiconductor dosimeter detects the dose value of radioactive objects, the radiation emitted by the radioactive objects triggers the ionization of the silicon detector to generate a current signal, which is amplified by the amplifier and collected by the analog-to-digital converter to finally display the radiation intensity.

[0053] Silicon detectors contain scintillator crystals such as NaI(Tl) or CsI(Tl) and auxiliary devices. Scintillator crystals are combined with auxiliary devices such as photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) or silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) to measure radiation. The radiation particles that make up the rays interact with the scintillator to generate light signals. The photomultiplier tubes convert the light signals into electrical signals and amplify them. The electrical signals are output to the current amplifier. However, dosimeters with scintillator crystals as the core usually require auxiliary devices such as photomultiplier tubes. These devices are large in size, resulting in a complex system structure and are not suitable for portable applications.

[0054] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a dosimeter circuit for measuring the dose value of a radioactive object, such as Figure 1 As shown, including:

[0055] The detector 11 includes a formamidinium lead bromide crystal. When the radiation from the radioactive object acts on the formamidinium lead bromide crystal, the electrical parameters of the formamidinium lead bromide crystal change. The detector is used to detect the change of the electrical parameters and generate a dose electrical signal.

[0056] The controller 12 is connected to the detector for communication and is used to obtain the dose electrical signal. The controller determines the dose value of the radioactive object according to the dose electrical signal.

[0057] Formamidinium lead bromide crystal (FAPbBr3) is a special semiconductor material with the characteristics of high sensitivity and rapid response, and can be used for the detection of gamma rays and other high-energy rays. In the present embodiment, the detector in the dosimeter circuit includes formamidinium lead bromide crystal, and when the rays (such as gamma rays, X-rays, etc.) emitted by the radioactive object irradiate the formamidinium lead bromide crystal, the electrons inside the crystal will be excited to produce electron-hole pairs. These carriers will move under the action of the electric field, causing the electrical parameters (such as resistance, capacitance or current) of the crystal to change. The controller is connected to the detector through a communication interface (such as an analog signal line or a digital communication bus), and the detector monitors the changes of these electrical parameters through a built-in sensor, and converts the changes into electrical signals (i.e., dose electrical signals). The controller converts the electrical signals into actual radiation dose values ​​according to a pre-calibrated relationship (usually a linear or nonlinear function).

[0058] The dosimeter circuit senses the radiation emitted by radioactive materials through the formamidinium lead bromide crystal in the detector and converts it into electrical signals; the controller is responsible for collecting and processing these signals and calculating the accurate radiation dose value. This design not only improves the sensitivity and accuracy of the measurement, but also has the characteristics of real-time and automation, and is widely used in radiation protection, medical imaging, environmental monitoring and other fields.

[0059] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the detector includes a tube shell cap 21, a tube shell bottom 22, and a formamidine lead bromide crystal 23. The tube shell cap 21 and the tube shell bottom 22 are arranged in a box to form a receiving cavity, and the formamidine lead bromide crystal 23 is arranged in the receiving cavity;

[0060] A first electrode sheet 231 is provided on the first surface of the formamidinium lead bromide crystal 23, a second electrode sheet 232 is provided on the second surface of the formamidinium lead bromide crystal, a third electrode sheet 221 and a fourth electrode sheet 222 are provided on the surface of the bottom of the tube shell facing the formamidinium lead bromide crystal, the first electrode sheet 231 is electrically connected to the third electrode sheet 221, the second electrode sheet 232 is electrically connected to the fourth electrode sheet 222, and the first surface and the second surface are arranged opposite to each other.

[0061] The present application further discloses the specific structure of the detector. The outer shell of the detector is composed of a tube shell cap and a tube shell bottom. The tube shell cap and the tube shell bottom can be combined into a box. The combined tube shell cap and the tube shell bottom can form a receiving cavity, and formamidine lead bromide crystals are arranged in the receiving cavity.

[0062] As shown in Figure 3 (a) and Figure 3 (b), the formamidinium lead bromide crystal is shown as a cube in the figure. Figure 3 (a) shows the first surface of the formamidinium lead bromide crystal, and the sheet disposed on the first surface is a first electrode sheet. In some embodiments, the first electrode sheet is a bismuth metal electrode sheet. Figure 3 (b) shows the second surface of the formamidinium lead bromide crystal, and the sheet disposed on the second surface is a second electrode sheet. In some embodiments, the second electrode sheet is a carbon electrode sheet.

[0063] When the lead bromide crystal is connected to the bottom of the tube shell, Figure 2 As shown, the surface of the bottom of the tube shell facing the formamidinium lead bromide crystal is provided with a third electrode sheet 221 and a fourth electrode sheet 222, the first electrode sheet is electrically connected to the third electrode sheet, and when the second electrode sheet is a carbon electrode sheet, in order to achieve electrical connection with the fourth electrode sheet, the second electrode sheet is connected to a silver metal sheet to achieve electrical connection with the fourth electrode sheet. The third electrode sheet and the fourth electrode sheet can be used to lead out pins from the bottom of the tube shell to achieve electrical connection between the detector and other components.

[0064] When the formamidinium lead bromide crystal is irradiated by radiation, the electrical parameters of the formamidinium lead bromide crystal change, and the changed electrical parameters can be output through the first electrode sheet and the second electrode sheet, and output to the controller through the third electrode sheet and the fourth electrode sheet.

[0065] In some embodiments, the dosimeter circuit further includes: Figure 4 The front-end analog circuit 13 shown;

[0066] The front-end analog circuit 13 connects the detector 11 and the controller 12;

[0067] The front-end analog circuit 13 includes a first operational amplifier circuit 131 and a second operational amplifier circuit 132;

[0068] The first operational amplifier circuit 131 includes a first operational amplifier U1 and a first resistor R1, and the second operational amplifier circuit 132 includes a second operational amplifier U2, a second resistor R2 and a third resistor R3;

[0069] The reverse input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 through the first resistor R1, the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 is grounded, and the reverse input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected to the detector 11;

[0070] The positive input terminal of the second operational amplifier U2 is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier U1, the output terminal of the second operational amplifier U2 is grounded through the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 connected in series, the reverse input terminal of the second operational amplifier U2 is connected to the series position of the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3, and the output terminal of the second operational amplifier U2 is connected to the controller 12.

[0071] In order to realize the communication connection between the detector and the controller, and at the same time, enable the dose electrical signal generated by the detector to be read by the controller, the technical solution of this embodiment sets a front-end analog circuit between the detector and the controller, and the front-end analog circuit is mainly composed of a first operational amplifier circuit and a second operational amplifier circuit. In the first operational amplifier circuit, the output end of the first operational amplifier is connected to the inverting input end of the first operational amplifier through R1, forming a transimpedance amplifier structure with negative feedback connection. The purpose of establishing the first operational amplifier circuit is to convert the current signal transmitted from the detector end into a voltage signal. The output end of the second operational amplifier is connected to the inverting end of the second operational amplifier through a resistor divider network composed of R2 and R3, forming a negative feedback connection in-phase amplifier structure, and the purpose of establishing the second operational amplifier circuit is to further amplify the voltage signal so that the amplified voltage signal matches the readable voltage range of the controller 0-3.3V.

[0072] In this embodiment, a front-end analog circuit is provided in the dosimeter circuit to establish a connection between the detector and the controller, so that the controller can read the dose electrical signal from the detector. The controller can determine the dose value of the radioactive object based on the acquired dose electrical signal.

[0073] In some embodiments, the front-end analog circuit 13 further includes: Figure 5 The first RC filter circuit 133 and the second RC filter circuit 134 shown;

[0074] The first RC filter circuit 133 is connected to the first operational amplifier circuit 131 and the second operational amplifier circuit 132 , respectively. The second RC filter circuit 134 is connected to the second operational amplifier circuit 132 and the controller 12 , respectively.

[0075] In this embodiment, in the front-end analog circuit, a first RC filter circuit and a second RC filter circuit may also be provided. The first RC filter circuit is provided between the first operational amplifier circuit and the second operational amplifier. The first operational amplifier converts the current signal transmitted from the detector end into a voltage signal, and the first operational amplifier filters out the high-frequency components in the voltage signal. The second RC filter circuit is provided between the second operational amplifier and the controller. After the second operational amplifier amplifies the voltage signal, the second RC filter circuit filters out the high-frequency noise generated by the second resistor and the third resistor in the second operational amplifier circuit, thereby ensuring the high-quality dose electrical signal received by the controller and improving the reliability of the dose electrical signal.

[0076] In some embodiments, the controller 12 includes a single chip microcomputer circuit 15, such as Figure 6 As shown;

[0077] The single chip computer circuit 15 includes a single chip computer 151 and a single chip computer peripheral circuit 152, and the dosimeter circuit also includes a power supply 16;

[0078] The single chip peripheral circuit 152 includes: a bypass capacitor circuit 1521 and an RC delay network circuit 1522;

[0079] The bypass capacitor circuit 1521 is used to connect to the power port of the single chip computer and the power supply 16, and the bypass capacitor circuit 1521 includes a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2;

[0080] The first end of the first capacitor C1 and the first end of the second capacitor C2 are grounded together, the second end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the second end of the second capacitor C2, the second end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to a power supply, and the second end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to a power supply port;

[0081] The RC delay network circuit 1522 is used to connect to the enable port of the microcontroller and the bypass capacitor circuit 1521. The RC delay network circuit 1522 includes a fourth resistor R4 and a third capacitor C3. The first end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the power port of the microcontroller, the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is grounded through the third capacitor C3, and the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the enable port of the microcontroller.

[0082] In this embodiment, the single-chip microcomputer can be an ESP32-S3-WROOM-2 single-chip microcomputer, whose three GND pins are all grounded, the 3V3 pin (power port) is connected to the 3.3V power supply through bypass capacitors C1 and C2, and the EN pin is connected to the 3.3V power supply through an RC delay network. The functions of C1 and C2 are to filter out high-frequency noise in the 3.3V power supply voltage, and the function of the RC delay network is to delay the rising edge of the 3.3V voltage before inputting it to the enable pin, so as to achieve the effect of powering on first and then enabling. The technical solution of this embodiment discloses the connection of the single-chip microcomputer circuit. Through the circuit connection method shown in this embodiment, the use of the controller can be realized, thereby realizing the determination of the dose value of the radioactive object through the dose electrical signal.

[0083] In some embodiments, the single chip microcomputer includes: an analog-to-digital converter; the analog-to-digital converter is connected to the detector via the input terminal of the single chip microcomputer.

[0084] In some embodiments, the single-chip microcomputer obtains the dosage electrical signal from the controller through the IO port, and the IO port serves as the input terminal of the single-chip microcomputer. The dosage electrical signal obtained by the single-chip microcomputer may be an analog signal. At this time, the analog-to-digital converter built in the single-chip microcomputer can convert the analog signal into a digital signal, which is convenient for further processing of the dosage electrical signal.

[0085] In some embodiments, the single chip microcomputer includes: a communication module;

[0086] The communication module is connected to the analog-to-digital converter, and the communication module is used to upload the digital signal generated by the analog-to-digital converter converting the dosage electrical signal.

[0087] After the analog-to-digital converter generates a digital signal of the dosage electrical signal, the communication module built into the microcontroller can

[0088] In some embodiments, the dosimeter circuit is as follows Figure 7 As shown, it also includes: a power module 17;

[0089] The power module 17 includes a first power module 171, which is powered by a first power supply 181 and a second power supply 182. The first power module 171 is used to supply power to the detector 11. The first power module 171 includes: an inverting charge pump chip U3, a fourth capacitor C4, a fifth capacitor C5 and a ripple filtering circuit 1711;

[0090] The input end of the inverting charge pump chip U3 is connected to the first power supply 181, the input end of the inverting charge pump chip U3 is grounded through the fourth capacitor C4, the positive terminal CFLY+ of the flying capacitor of the inverting charge pump chip U3 is connected to the negative terminal CFLY- of the flying capacitor of the inverting charge pump chip U3 through the fifth capacitor C5, the ground end of the inverting charge pump chip U3 is grounded, and the output end of the inverting charge pump chip U3 is connected to the power supply end of the detector 12;

[0091] The ripple filtering circuit 1711 includes a sixth capacitor C6, a fifth resistor R5 and a seventh capacitor C7. The output end of the inverting charge pump chip U3 is connected to the ground terminal GND of the inverting charge pump chip U3 through the sixth capacitor C6. The output end of the inverting charge pump chip U3 is connected to the second power supply 182 through the fifth resistor R5. The second power supply 182 is connected to the ground terminal GND of the inverting charge pump chip U3 through the seventh capacitor C7.

[0092] U3 is an inverting charge pump chip, model TPS60403 chip, input terminal IN is connected to an external 3.7V power supply, and is bypassed to ground through capacitor C4, which plays a role in filtering out battery voltage noise; CFLY+ and CFLY- are connected through capacitor C5; the output terminal OUT of the inverting charge pump chip is connected by a Π-type network composed of C6, R5 and C7, the purpose is to filter out the ripple mixed in the -3.7V DC voltage. The circuit of the technical solution of this embodiment can realize power supply to the detector and ensure the normal use of the detector.

[0093] In some embodiments, Figure 8 As shown, the power module 17 includes a second power module 172, the second power module is powered by the first power supply 181 and the third power supply 183, and the second power module 172 is used to supply power to the controller 12;

[0094] The second power supply module 172 includes: a low-voltage difference linear regulator chip U4, an eighth capacitor C8 and a ninth capacitor C9, the input terminal IN of the low-voltage difference linear regulator chip U4 and the enable terminal #SHDN of the low-voltage difference linear regulator chip U4 are respectively connected to the first power supply 181, the input terminal IN of the low-voltage difference linear regulator chip U4 and the enable terminal #SHDN of the low-voltage difference linear regulator chip are respectively grounded through the eighth capacitor C8, the output terminal OUT of the low-voltage difference linear regulator chip U4 and the adjustable detection terminal SENSE / ADJ of the low-voltage difference linear regulator chip are respectively connected to the third power supply 183, the output terminal OUT of the low-voltage difference linear regulator chip U4 and the adjustable detection terminal SENSE / ADJ of the low-voltage difference linear regulator chip U4 are respectively grounded through the eighth capacitor C8.

[0095] U4 is a low-dropout linear regulator chip, model TPS7A4533. The input terminal IN and the enable terminal #SHDN are both connected to the 3.7V power supply and bypassed to the ground through C8 to filter out the noise in the power supply voltage; the GND pin is connected to the ground; the OUT pin outputs a 3.3V power supply and bypasses to the ground through C9 to filter out ripples. At the same time, the 3.3V voltage is connected to the SENSE / ADJ pin in order to provide feedback to the U4 chip. The circuit of the technical solution of this embodiment can realize power supply to the controller and ensure the normal use of the controller.

[0096] Fig. 9 The interface device 1 on the PCB circuit board with the dosimeter circuit is shown. CN1 is a 3.7V standard lithium battery interface, model ZX-XH2.54, pin 1 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery, the circuit board is connected to the VBAT network, and pin 2 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery, and the circuit board is grounded.

[0097] Fig.10 The schematic diagram of the detector is shown. U5 is the TO39 package interface of the detector. The GND pin is connected to the TO39 shell and the internal ground of the circuit board. The P pin is connected to the positive pole of the TO39 package and the internal SIG network of the circuit board. The N pin is connected to the negative pole of the TO39 package and the internal -3.7V network of the circuit board.

[0098] Fig.11 The switch installed in the circuit is shown. SW2 is a dosimeter slide switch with a single-pole double-throw. The metal shell of the switch is connected to 4 and 5 and grounded. The fixed end 2 pin is connected to the 3.7V network. Pins 1 and 3 select one of them to be connected to 2 according to the switch state, where 1 is grounded and 3 is connected to the VBAT network.

[0099] It should be noted that in the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0100] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0101] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0102] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

[0103] Although preferred embodiments of the present specification have been described, additional changes and modifications may be made to these embodiments by those skilled in the art once the basic inventive concepts are known. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present specification. Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present specification without departing from the spirit and scope of the present specification. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present specification fall within the scope of the claims of the present specification and their equivalents, the present specification is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A dosimeter circuit, characterized in that: Used to measure the dose value of radioactive objects, including: A detector, the detector comprising a formamidinium lead bromide crystal, the radiation of the radioactive object acts on the formamidinium lead bromide crystal, the electrical parameters of the formamidinium lead bromide crystal change, and the detector is used to detect the change of the electrical parameters and generate a dose electrical signal; A controller is connected to the detector for obtaining the electrical dose signal, and the controller determines the dose value of the radioactive object according to the electrical dose signal.

2. The dosimeter circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detector comprises a tube shell cap, a tube shell bottom and the formamidine lead bromide crystal, the tube shell cap and the tube shell bottom are arranged in a box to form a receiving cavity, and the formamidine lead bromide crystal is arranged in the receiving cavity; A first electrode sheet is provided on the first surface of the formamidinium lead bromide crystal, a second electrode sheet is provided on the second surface of the formamidinium lead bromide crystal, a third electrode sheet and a fourth electrode sheet are provided on the surface of the bottom of the tube shell facing the formamidinium lead bromide crystal, the first electrode sheet is electrically connected to the third electrode sheet, the second electrode sheet is electrically connected to the fourth electrode sheet, and the first surface and the second surface are arranged opposite to each other.

3. The dosimeter circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first electrode sheet is a bismuth metal electrode sheet, and the second electrode sheet includes a carbon electrode sheet and a silver metal sheet, and the carbon electrode sheet and the silver metal sheet are connected.

4. The dosimeter circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dosimeter circuit also includes: a front-end analog circuit; The front-end analog circuit is connected to the detector and the controller; The front-end analog circuit includes a first operational amplifier circuit and a second operational amplifier circuit; The first operational amplifier circuit includes a first operational amplifier and a first resistor, and the second operational amplifier circuit includes a second operational amplifier, a second resistor and a third resistor; The inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier through the first resistor, the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier is grounded, and the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the detector; The positive input terminal of the second operational amplifier is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier, the output terminal of the second operational amplifier is grounded through the second resistor and the third resistor connected in series, the negative input terminal of the second operational amplifier is connected to the series position of the second resistor and the third resistor, and the output terminal of the second operational amplifier is connected to the controller.

5. The dosimeter circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The front-end analog circuit further includes: a first RC filter circuit and a second RC filter circuit; The first RC filter circuit is connected to the first operational amplifier circuit and the second operational amplifier circuit respectively, and the second RC filter circuit is connected to the second operational amplifier circuit and the controller respectively.

6. The dosimeter circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller includes a single-chip microcomputer circuit, and the dosimeter circuit also includes a power supply; The single-chip microcomputer circuit includes a single-chip microcomputer and a single-chip microcomputer peripheral circuit; The single chip microcomputer peripheral circuit includes: a bypass capacitor circuit and an RC delay network circuit; The bypass capacitor circuit is used to connect to the power port of the single-chip computer and the power supply, and the bypass capacitor circuit includes a first capacitor and a second capacitor; The first end of the first capacitor and the first end of the second capacitor are grounded together, the second end of the first capacitor and the second end of the second capacitor are connected, the second end of the first capacitor is connected to the power supply, and the second end of the second capacitor is connected to the power port; The RC delay network circuit is used to connect to the enable port of the microcontroller and the bypass capacitor circuit. The RC delay network circuit includes a fourth resistor and a third capacitor. The first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the power port of the microcontroller, the second end of the fourth resistor is grounded through the third capacitor, and the second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the enable port of the microcontroller.

7. The dosimeter circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dosimeter circuit also includes: a power supply module; The power supply module comprises a first power supply module, the first power supply module is powered by the first power supply and the second power supply, the first power supply module is used to supply power to the detector, and the first power supply module comprises: an inverting charge pump chip, a fourth capacitor, a fifth capacitor and a ripple filtering circuit; The input end of the inverting charge pump chip is connected to the first power supply, the input end of the inverting charge pump chip is grounded through the fourth capacitor, the positive terminal of the flying capacitor of the inverting charge pump chip is connected to the negative terminal of the flying capacitor of the inverting charge pump chip through the fifth capacitor, the grounding end of the inverting charge pump chip is grounded, and the output end of the inverting charge pump chip is connected to the power supply end of the detector; The ripple filtering circuit includes a sixth capacitor, a fifth resistor and a seventh capacitor. The output end of the inverting charge pump chip is connected to the ground end of the inverting charge pump chip through the sixth capacitor, the output end of the inverting charge pump chip is connected to the second power supply through the fifth resistor, and the second power supply is connected to the ground end of the inverting charge pump chip through the seventh capacitor.

8. The dosimeter circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply module includes a second power supply module, the first power supply module is powered by a first power supply and a third power supply, and the second power supply module is used to supply power to the controller; The second power supply module includes: a low-voltage difference linear regulator chip, an eighth capacitor and a ninth capacitor, the input end of the low-voltage difference linear regulator chip and the enable end of the low-voltage difference linear regulator chip are respectively connected to the first power supply, the input end of the low-voltage difference linear regulator chip and the enable end of the low-voltage difference linear regulator chip are respectively grounded through the eighth capacitor, the output end of the low-voltage difference linear regulator chip and the adjustable detection end of the low-voltage difference linear regulator chip are respectively connected to the third power supply, and the output end of the low-voltage difference linear regulator chip and the adjustable detection end of the low-voltage difference linear regulator chip are respectively grounded through the eighth capacitor.

9. The dosimeter circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The single chip microcomputer comprises: an analog-to-digital converter; The analog-to-digital converter is connected to the detector via an input terminal of the single-chip microcomputer.

10. The dosimeter circuit according to claim 9, characterized in that: The single chip microcomputer includes: a communication module; The communication module is connected to the analog-to-digital converter, and is used to upload the digital signal generated by the analog-to-digital converter converting the dosage electrical signal.

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