Solar panel control method and system based on photovoltaic monitoring platform

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a solar panel control method and system based on a photovoltaic monitoring platform, and relates to the technical field of solar panel control. The solar panel control method based on the photovoltaic monitoring platform comprises the steps of collecting operation data of at least two solar panels; the central control unit receives and analyzes the operation data to obtain an evaluation result, and compares the evaluation result with a preset first threshold value or a preset second threshold value of the power generation efficiency; when the evaluation result is higher than a preset first threshold value, the central control unit adjusts the inclination angle of the solar panel according to the current illumination intensity and the sun position data; and when the evaluation result is higher than a preset second threshold value, adjusting the orientation of the solar panel. Through real-time monitoring and intelligent adjustment, the illumination receiving amount of the solar panel is maximized, and the overall power generation efficiency is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solar panel control, and in particular to a solar panel control method and system based on a photovoltaic monitoring platform. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous growth of global energy demand and the enhancement of environmental protection awareness, the application scope and importance of solar energy as a clean and renewable energy source are becoming increasingly prominent. Photovoltaic power generation systems have become one of the important options to replace traditional fossil energy due to their environmental protection, low carbon and sustainable characteristics. However, the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic power generation systems is affected by many factors, among which light intensity, solar incident angle, ambient temperature, and the installation angle and orientation of the equipment are key influencing factors.

[0003] In the prior art, solar panels are usually installed at a fixed angle. This installation method is simple and low-cost, but it cannot be dynamically adjusted according to changes in the position of the sun and fluctuations in environmental conditions, resulting in low light utilization and limited power generation efficiency. To solve this problem, single-axis and dual-axis solar tracking systems are widely used. These tracking systems can automatically adjust the tilt angle and orientation of solar panels according to the azimuth and altitude of the sun to maximize the amount of light received, thereby improving power generation efficiency. However, existing solar tracking systems still have many shortcomings in intelligent control and real-time monitoring.

[0004] First, traditional tracking systems rely on preset mechanical control algorithms and lack comprehensive collection and intelligent analysis of real-time environmental data, making it difficult to make optimal adjustment decisions under complex and changing environmental conditions. Second, existing monitoring systems usually only focus on the basic operating parameters of solar panels (such as voltage and current), and fail to fully consider the impact of multi-dimensional data such as light intensity, ambient temperature and weather conditions on power generation efficiency. In addition, the data storage and analysis capabilities are limited, making it impossible to achieve long-term trend analysis and continuous optimization of system performance.

[0005] With the development of the Internet of Things (IoT) and big data technology, intelligent solar panel control systems based on photovoltaic monitoring platforms have emerged. Such systems integrate multiple sensors to collect real-time operating data and environmental parameters of solar panels, and use central control units to perform data analysis and intelligent decision-making to achieve dynamic adjustment and optimal management of solar panels. However, the current intelligent control systems on the market still need to be further improved in terms of data processing accuracy, the intelligence level of control algorithms, and the reliability and stability of the system.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a solar panel control system based on a photovoltaic monitoring platform that can comprehensively and accurately collect and analyze operating data, intelligently evaluate power generation efficiency, and automatically adjust the tilt angle and orientation of the solar panels according to real-time evaluation results to maximize the amount of light received and continuously optimize power generation efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a solar panel control method and system based on a photovoltaic monitoring platform are provided to solve the problems raised by the above background technology.

[0008] In a first aspect of the present invention, a solar panel control method based on a photovoltaic monitoring platform is provided.

[0009] The solar panel control method based on the photovoltaic monitoring platform includes:

[0010] S1. Collect operating data of at least two solar panels;

[0011] S2. The central control unit receives and analyzes the operating data, evaluates the power generation efficiency and operating status of each solar panel, obtains the evaluation result, and compares the evaluation result with the first threshold value or the second threshold value of the preset power generation efficiency;

[0012] S3. When the evaluation result is higher than the preset first threshold, the central control unit adjusts the tilt angle of the solar panel according to the current light intensity and sun position data;

[0013] S4. After adjusting the tilt angle of the solar panel, re-execute step S1 and step S2; when the evaluation result is higher than the preset second threshold, adjust the orientation of the solar panel;

[0014] S5. The central control unit records the adjustment operation and operating data of the solar panel, and re-executes steps S1 to S4 to achieve real-time dynamic adjustment.

[0015] Preferably, the step S2 further comprises:

[0016] Pre-process the received operation data, including data cleaning, filtering and noise elimination;

[0017] Based on the preset power generation model, combined with historical operation data and real-time data, the actual power generation of each solar panel is calculated;

[0018] Compare and analyze the actual power generation with the theoretical power generation to evaluate the power generation efficiency of each solar panel;

[0019] A numerical value of power generation efficiency is generated according to the evaluation result, and the numerical value is used to compare with a preset power generation efficiency threshold.

[0020] Preferably, the operating data described in step S1 includes the output voltage, output current and ambient temperature of the solar panel; the actual power generation of each solar panel is calculated; the formula is as follows:

[0021] P actual =V×I×(1-α(TT ref ))

[0022] Among them, P actual represents the actual power generation of the solar panel; V represents the output voltage of the solar panel; I represents the output current of the solar panel; α represents the temperature coefficient; T represents the current ambient temperature; T ref Indicates the reference temperature;

[0023] The central control unit calculates the theoretical power generation of each solar panel based on the collected light intensity, effective area of ​​the solar panel, conversion efficiency, and incident angle of sunlight; the formula is as follows:

[0024] P theoretical =G×A×η×cos(θ)×δ

[0025] P theoretical represents theoretical power generation; G represents light intensity; A represents the effective area of ​​the solar panel, in square meters; η represents the conversion efficiency of the solar panel; θ represents the incident angle of sunlight, in degrees; δ represents the shielding coefficient, ranging from 0 to 1;

[0026] The central control unit compares and analyzes the calculated actual power generation with the theoretical power generation to evaluate the power generation efficiency of each solar panel; the calculation formula is as follows:

[0027]

[0028] Among them, η evaluation Indicates the power generation efficiency evaluation results.

[0029] Preferably, the central control unit uses a sun tracking algorithm based on the real-time acquired sun position data to calculate the optimal orientation angle of each solar panel; the specific calculation method is as follows:

[0030] θ optimal =f(θ azimuth ,θ elevation , G, φ)

[0031] Among them, θ optimal represents the calculated optimal orientation angle; θ azimuth Indicates the azimuth of the sun; θ elevation represents the altitude angle of the sun; G represents the light intensity; φ represents the local geographical latitude.

[0032] Preferably, the central control unit communicates with the actuator to instruct the solar panel to adjust its orientation to the calculated optimal orientation angle; the adjustment process includes the following steps:

[0033] Start the actuator, according to θ optimal Adjust the rotation angle of the solar panel; during the adjustment process, monitor the operating status of the actuator.

[0034] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a solar panel control system based on a photovoltaic monitoring platform.

[0035] The solar panel control system based on the photovoltaic monitoring platform is used in the above method, including:

[0036] A collection module, directly connected to at least two solar panels, to collect operating data of at least two solar panels;

[0037] A central control unit is used to receive and analyze operating data, evaluate the power generation efficiency and operating status of each solar panel, generate evaluation results, and issue control instructions based on the evaluation results;

[0038] The communication module is connected to the acquisition module and the central control unit, and is used to transmit the real-time data acquired by the operation data acquisition module to the central control unit, and receive control instructions from the central control unit;

[0039] An actuator, connected to the central control unit, is used to control the tilt angle and orientation of the solar panel;

[0040] The data storage module is connected to the central control unit and receives and stores various data from the central control unit.

[0041] Preferably, the operating data includes voltage, current, temperature, light intensity, ambient temperature and weather conditions.

[0042] Preferably, the central control unit comprises:

[0043] The data analysis module is used to analyze the received operation data, calculate the actual power generation of each solar panel and the theoretical power generation of each solar panel according to the operation data; and then calculate the evaluation result according to the actual power generation of the solar panel and the theoretical power generation of each solar panel;

[0044] The control instruction generation module is connected to the data analysis module and is used to generate a control instruction based on the comparison between the evaluation result and the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value.

[0045] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0046] The present invention maximizes the amount of light received by the solar panel through real-time monitoring and intelligent adjustment, significantly improving the overall power generation efficiency. The attitude of the solar panel can be adjusted in time according to the real-time light intensity, sun position and weather conditions to ensure efficient operation under different environmental conditions. The central control unit adopts an intelligent algorithm, which can accurately evaluate the power generation efficiency and formulate corresponding adjustment strategies to achieve automated and intelligent management. Each adjustment operation and operating data is recorded in detail to provide reliable data support for long-term trend analysis and system performance optimization, extend the system life and reduce maintenance costs. Through continuous dynamic adjustment and abnormal monitoring, the stable operation of the photovoltaic system under various environmental conditions is ensured, and the failure rate is reduced. Through real-time dynamic adjustment, the power generation efficiency is ensured to be always at the highest level, improving the overall economic benefits and energy utilization of the photovoltaic system.

[0047] It should be understood that the contents described in the summary of the invention are not intended to limit the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] The above and other features, advantages and aspects of the embodiments of the present invention will become more apparent with reference to the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements, wherein:

[0049] Figure 1 A method flow chart of a solar panel control method based on a photovoltaic monitoring platform according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0050] Figure 2 A system block diagram of a solar panel control system based on a photovoltaic monitoring platform according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] In addition, the term "and / or" in this article is only a description of the association relationship between the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, the solar panel control method based on the photovoltaic monitoring platform includes:

[0054] S1. Collecting operating data of at least two solar panels and transmitting the collected operating data to a central control unit.

[0055] Furthermore, in actual operation, at least two solar panels collect their operating data in real time through the built-in sensor system. The operating data includes:

[0056] Voltage: Monitor the output voltage of the solar panel to ensure that the voltage is within the safe and designed operating range.

[0057] Current: Measures output current to assess the stability and consistency of the current output.

[0058] Temperature: Record the temperature of the solar panel surface to prevent overheating that may lead to reduced efficiency or equipment damage.

[0059] Light intensity: Measures ambient light intensity to provide a basis for adjustment and ensure that solar panels can absorb maximum light energy.

[0060] Ambient temperature: monitor the temperature of the surrounding environment to assist in analyzing power generation efficiency and equipment operating status.

[0061] Weather conditions: Real-time weather information such as cloud cover, rainfall, wind speed, etc. is obtained through weather sensors to predict the impact of light changes on power generation efficiency.

[0062] The collected operation data is transmitted to the central control unit via wired or wireless communication. The communication method is selected according to the site environment and system requirements. Wireless technologies such as Wi-Fi, Zigbee, LoRa, or wired interfaces such as Ethernet and RS485 can be used to ensure the timeliness and reliability of data transmission.

[0063] The data acquisition module performs preliminary processing on the collected data such as voltage, current, temperature, light intensity, ambient temperature and weather conditions. The processed data is transmitted to the central control unit through the communication module to ensure the integrity and accuracy of the data.

[0064] S2. The central control unit receives and analyzes the operating data, evaluates the power generation efficiency and operating status of each solar panel, obtains the evaluation result, and compares the evaluation result with the preset first threshold value or second threshold value of the power generation efficiency.

[0065] Furthermore, the central control unit pre-processes the received operating data, including data cleaning, filtering and noise elimination, to ensure the accuracy of the data. Based on the preset power generation model, combined with historical data and real-time data, the actual power generation of each solar panel is calculated. The theoretical power generation is calculated, taking into account factors such as light intensity, effective area of ​​solar panels, conversion efficiency, sunlight incident angle and shading coefficient. The actual power generation is compared with the theoretical power generation to evaluate the power generation efficiency. The power generation efficiency evaluation result is calculated for comparison with the preset power generation efficiency threshold.

[0066] For example, the central control unit receives and stores the operating data from the acquisition module. It pre-processes the data to remove outliers and noise to ensure the accuracy of the analysis. It calculates the actual and theoretical power generation of each solar panel based on the power generation model. It evaluates the power generation efficiency of each solar panel and generates corresponding evaluation results.

[0067] S3. When the evaluation result is higher than a preset first threshold, the central control unit adjusts the tilt angle of the solar panel according to the current light intensity and sun position data to maximize the amount of light received.

[0068] The central control unit obtains data on light intensity and sun position (including azimuth and altitude) in real time. Based on the light intensity and sun position data, it calculates the optimal tilt angle to ensure that the solar panel can receive the maximum amount of sunlight. It sends adjustment instructions to the actuator (such as a servo motor) to perform physical adjustments to the tilt angle.

[0069] In a specific example, the central control unit receives the power generation efficiency evaluation result and finds that it is higher than the first threshold. The system obtains the current light intensity and sun position data. It calculates the optimal tilt angle and instructs the actuator to adjust it. The solar panel tilts to the new angle to optimize light reception.

[0070] S4. After adjusting the tilt angle of the solar panel, re-execute step S1 and step S2; when the evaluation result is higher than the preset second threshold, after completing the tilt angle adjustment, further adjust the orientation of the solar panel to make it more accurately align with the sun's path to improve power generation efficiency.

[0071] Recollect the operation data and evaluate the power generation efficiency. If the evaluation result is higher than the second threshold, the central control unit calculates the optimal orientation angle based on the latest sun position data. Send adjustment instructions to the actuator to adjust the orientation of the solar panel so that it is accurately aligned with the sun's path.

[0072] After the system completes the adjustment of the tilt angle, it recollects the operating data and evaluates the power generation efficiency. The evaluation results show that the power generation efficiency is higher than the second threshold. The central control unit calculates the optimal orientation angle and instructs the actuator to adjust the orientation. The solar panel orientation is adjusted to the optimal position, further improving the power generation efficiency.

[0073] S5. The central control unit records the adjustment operation and operating data of the solar panel, and re-executes steps S1 to S4 to achieve real-time dynamic adjustment to ensure that the power generation efficiency is always at the highest level.

[0074] The central control unit records each adjustment operation and operation data of the solar panel, and continuously loops through steps S1 to S4 to achieve real-time dynamic adjustment to ensure that the power generation efficiency is always at the highest level. Record each adjustment operation of the tilt angle and the orientation angle, including the angle value before and after the adjustment, the adjustment time, and related operation data. Store each operation data, power generation efficiency evaluation results, and adjustment records for subsequent data analysis and system optimization. Continuously loop through steps S1 to S4, and dynamically adjust the posture of the solar panel based on the real-time collected data and power generation efficiency evaluation results to respond to environmental changes and maintain optimal power generation efficiency.

[0075] For example, after each adjustment operation is completed, the central control unit will record and store the angle value before and after the adjustment, the adjustment time and related operation data. The system continuously executes the cycle of data collection, evaluation and adjustment, and responds to environmental changes such as light and weather in real time. Through continuous dynamic adjustment, it ensures that the solar panels are always in the best posture and maintain efficient power generation.

[0076] In actual implementation, various sensors on the solar panels collect data such as voltage, current, temperature, light intensity, ambient temperature and weather conditions in real time. The operating data is transmitted to the central control unit through the communication module to ensure the timeliness and accuracy of the data. The central control unit receives and pre-processes the operating data, calculates the actual power generation, and evaluates the power generation efficiency. The evaluation results are compared with the preset first and second thresholds to determine whether the posture of the solar panel needs to be adjusted. If the evaluation result is higher than the first threshold, the central control unit instructs to adjust the tilt angle of the solar panel. After adjusting the tilt angle, if the evaluation result is higher than the second threshold, the central control unit instructs to further adjust the direction of the solar panel. Each adjustment operation and related operating data are recorded, and the system continuously loops through steps S1 to S4 to achieve real-time dynamic adjustment of the solar panel.

[0077] The present invention maximizes the amount of light received by the solar panel through real-time monitoring and intelligent adjustment, significantly improving the overall power generation efficiency. The attitude of the solar panel can be adjusted in time according to the real-time light intensity, sun position and weather conditions to ensure efficient operation under different environmental conditions. The central control unit adopts an intelligent algorithm, which can accurately evaluate the power generation efficiency and formulate corresponding adjustment strategies to achieve automated and intelligent management. Each adjustment operation and operating data is recorded in detail to provide reliable data support for long-term trend analysis and system performance optimization, extend the system life and reduce maintenance costs. Through continuous dynamic adjustment and abnormal monitoring, the stable operation of the photovoltaic system under various environmental conditions is ensured, and the failure rate is reduced. Through real-time dynamic adjustment, the power generation efficiency is ensured to be always at the highest level, improving the overall economic benefits and energy utilization of the photovoltaic system.

[0078] In this embodiment, the step S2 further includes:

[0079] Preprocess the received operation data, including data cleaning, filtering and noise elimination, to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data. Use statistical analysis methods (such as box plot method and standard deviation method) to identify and eliminate outliers in the operation data to prevent erroneous data from affecting subsequent analysis. Use interpolation methods (such as linear interpolation and spline interpolation) or data filling technology to complete missing values ​​in the operation data to ensure data continuity. Apply low-pass filters (such as moving average filters and Kalman filters) to remove high-frequency noise, smooth operation data, and improve data quality. Use median filtering methods to further eliminate spike noise and maintain the main trends and characteristics of the data. Use signal processing technologies such as Fourier transform and wavelet transform to separate and remove random noise in the data and retain useful signal information. According to the data characteristics of different sensors, optimize the filter parameters to ensure the noise elimination effect while minimizing signal distortion.

[0080] Based on the preset power generation model, combined with historical operating data and real-time data, the actual power generation of each solar panel is calculated; specifically, it includes: constructing a mathematical model based on the physical characteristics of solar panels (such as conversion efficiency, temperature coefficient, and effective area) to describe the impact of factors such as light intensity and temperature on power generation. Combined with historical operating data, an empirical model is established through regression analysis, machine learning algorithms and other methods to further optimize the accuracy of power generation prediction. The real-time collected light intensity, ambient temperature, voltage, current and other data are input into the power generation model, integrated with historical data, and the power generation prediction is dynamically adjusted. According to the power generation model, the actual power generation of each solar panel under the current environmental conditions is calculated to ensure that the calculation results reflect the actual operating status.

[0081] Compare and analyze the actual power generation with the theoretical power generation to evaluate the power generation efficiency of each solar panel; adjust the theoretical power generation calculation based on the current light intensity data to consider the direct impact of light intensity on power generation capacity. Take into account factors such as ambient temperature and sun position (azimuth and altitude) to compensate for the theoretical power generation and improve calculation accuracy. Calculate the ratio of actual power generation to theoretical power generation to obtain the power generation efficiency ratio of each solar panel. Based on the ratio results, evaluate the operating status of the solar panel and determine whether its power generation performance meets the expected standards.

[0082] The numerical form of power generation efficiency is generated according to the evaluation results, and the numerical value is used to compare with the preset power generation efficiency threshold. After completing the power generation efficiency evaluation, the central control unit presents the evaluation results in numerical form and compares them with the preset power generation efficiency threshold to determine the subsequent control operation. The specific steps include: converting the power generation efficiency ratio into a percentage form for intuitive understanding and comparison, ensuring that the generated power generation efficiency value meets the data format standard of the system, and facilitating subsequent processing and storage. If the power generation efficiency value is higher than the preset first threshold, the tilt angle adjustment operation is triggered. If the power generation efficiency value is higher than the preset second threshold, the orientation angle adjustment operation is further triggered to achieve higher power generation efficiency. According to the comparison results, the central control unit automatically determines whether the solar panel needs to be adjusted to ensure the intelligent and efficient operation of the system. The comparison results and related operation records are stored in the system database for subsequent analysis and optimization.

[0083] In this embodiment, the operating data described in step S1 includes the output voltage, output current and ambient temperature of the solar panel; the actual power generation of each solar panel is calculated; the formula is as follows:

[0084] P actual =V×I×(1-α(TT ref ))

[0085] Among them, P actual It represents the actual power generation of the solar panel in watts; V represents the output voltage of the solar panel in volts; I represents the output current of the solar panel in amperes; α represents the temperature coefficient, which reflects the effect of temperature on power generation in degrees Celsius; T represents the current ambient temperature in degrees Celsius; T ref Indicates the reference temperature, usually 25°C;

[0086] The central control unit calculates the theoretical power generation of each solar panel based on the collected light intensity, effective area of ​​the solar panel, conversion efficiency, and incident angle of sunlight; the formula is as follows:

[0087] P theoretical =G×A×η×cos(θ)×δ

[0088] P theoretical represents the theoretical power generation in watts; G represents the light intensity in watts per square meter; A represents the effective area of ​​the solar panel in square meters; η represents the conversion efficiency of the solar panel, usually expressed as a decimal (for example, 0.18 represents 18%); θ represents the incident angle of sunlight in degrees; δ represents the shielding coefficient, which takes into account possible shading or dust accumulation and ranges from 0 to 1;

[0089] The central control unit compares and analyzes the calculated actual power generation with the theoretical power generation to evaluate the power generation efficiency of each solar panel; the calculation formula is as follows:

[0090]

[0091] Among them, η evaluation Indicates the power generation efficiency evaluation result in percentage.

[0092] By calculating the ratio of actual power generation to theoretical power generation and multiplying it by 100%, the central control unit can obtain the current power generation efficiency evaluation value of each solar panel. This evaluation value is used to compare with the preset power generation efficiency threshold to determine whether the operating status of the solar panel is normal, and then decide whether it is necessary to adjust its tilt angle or direction to optimize power generation performance.

[0093] To further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, examples are given below in combination with specific data.

[0094] Table 1: Example of running data

[0095]

[0096] Table 2: Power generation calculation

[0097]

[0098] Referring to Table 1 and Table 2, in the above data examples, the actual power generation of solar panel 1 and solar panel 2 are 142.5W and 134.4W respectively. According to the preset power generation model and environmental parameters, the calculated theoretical power generation is 189W and 176.25W respectively. By dividing the theoretical power generation by the actual power generation, the power generation efficiency evaluation results are 132.63% and 131.19% respectively. These evaluation results are used to compare with the preset first threshold and second threshold to determine whether the solar panel needs to be tilted or oriented to optimize the power generation efficiency.

[0099] In this embodiment, the central control unit uses a sun tracking algorithm (e.g., a single-axis or dual-axis tracking algorithm) to calculate the optimal orientation angle of each solar panel based on the real-time acquired sun position data (including the sun's azimuth and altitude), light distribution information, and additional data collected by the environmental sensor. The specific calculation method is as follows:

[0100] θ optimal =f(θ azimuth ,θ elevation ,G,φ)

[0101] Among them, θ optimal Represents the calculated optimal orientation angle in degrees; θ azimuth Indicates the azimuth of the sun in degrees; θ elevation It represents the altitude angle of the sun in degrees; G represents the light intensity in watts per square meter; φ represents the local geographic latitude in degrees.

[0102] After receiving and storing the operating data from the solar panels, the central control unit obtains the current sun position data and light distribution information in real time. Through the sun tracking algorithm, combined with factors such as light intensity and geographical latitude, the optimal orientation angle θ of each solar panel is calculated. optimal The calculated optimal heading angle is used for subsequent heading adjustment operations.

[0103] To further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, examples are given below in combination with specific data.

[0104] Table 3: Example of optimal orientation angle calculation

[0105]

[0106] Table 4: Actuator Adjustment Examples

[0107]

[0108] In this embodiment, the central control unit communicates with an actuator (such as a servo motor, a stepper motor or a hydraulic drive device) to instruct the solar panel to adjust its orientation to the calculated optimal orientation angle. The adjustment process includes the following steps:

[0109] Start the actuator, according to θ optimal Adjust the rotation angle of the solar panel; during the adjustment process, monitor the operating status of the actuator to ensure the smoothness and accuracy of the adjustment process; after the adjustment is completed, verify whether the solar panel is accurately aligned with the target angle.

[0110] Table 5: Example of orientation adjustment monitoring data

[0111]

[0112] During the heading adjustment process, the central control unit continuously monitors relevant operating parameters, including but not limited to:

[0113] Monitor the output voltage and current changes of the solar panels during the adjustment process to evaluate the immediate impact of the adjustment on power generation efficiency and ensure that the adjustment operation has a positive effect on power generation performance.

[0114] Monitor the actuator's motor temperature, speed and load to ensure the safety of adjustment operations and prevent equipment damage due to overload or overheating.

[0115] Real-time monitoring of data collected by environmental sensors, such as wind speed and ambient temperature, determines whether operations need to be suspended or adjusted to prevent damage to equipment due to severe weather conditions (such as high winds and extreme temperatures).

[0116] During the orientation adjustment process, the central control unit collects and analyzes the output voltage and current changes in real time to ensure the improvement of power generation efficiency. At the same time, the central control unit monitors the operating status of the actuator to ensure the safety and accuracy of the adjustment process. When the data of the environmental sensor changes, such as abnormal wind speed and temperature, the central control unit will automatically pause or adjust the operation to protect the equipment from damage.

[0117] Table 6: Example of operating parameter monitoring data

[0118]

[0119] Table 6 shows the continuous monitoring data of the output voltage, current, actuator operation status and environmental parameters of solar panels 1 and 2 by the central control unit during the orientation adjustment process. Through these data, the central control unit can evaluate the effect and safety of the adjustment operation in real time to ensure the stability and efficiency of the system operation.

[0120] In specific implementation, the sensors on the solar panels collect operating data such as output voltage, output current and ambient temperature in real time. The operating data is transmitted to the central control unit through the communication module to ensure the timeliness and accuracy of the data. The central control unit receives and pre-processes the operating data, performs data cleaning, filtering and noise elimination. Based on the preset power generation model, combined with historical operating data and real-time data, the actual power generation of each solar panel is calculated. The theoretical power generation is calculated, and the theoretical power generation is compared with the actual power generation to evaluate the power generation efficiency. According to the power generation efficiency evaluation result, it is compared with the preset first threshold and second threshold to determine whether the posture of the solar panel needs to be adjusted. If the evaluation result is higher than the first threshold, the central control unit instructs the execution mechanism to adjust the tilt angle of the solar panel to optimize the light reception. After adjusting the tilt angle, if the evaluation result is higher than the second threshold, the central control unit instructs the execution mechanism to further adjust the orientation of the solar panel so that it is accurately aligned with the path of the sun. Each adjustment operation and related operating data are recorded, and the central control unit continuously loops through steps S1 to S4 to achieve real-time dynamic adjustment of the solar panel to ensure that the power generation efficiency is always at the highest level.

[0121] In summary, by describing in detail the calculation method of the optimal orientation angle, the adjustment process of the actuator and the monitoring of the operating parameters in step S4, and combining specific data examples, this implementation not only improves the operability and practicality of the method, but also ensures that the solar panels are always in the best working state through intelligent control decisions and real-time monitoring, thereby significantly improving the overall performance and economic benefits of the photovoltaic system.

[0122] like Figure 2 As shown, in a second aspect of the present invention, a solar panel control system based on a photovoltaic monitoring platform is provided, which is used to execute the above method, including:

[0123] A collection module, directly connected to at least two solar panels, to collect operating data of at least two solar panels;

[0124] A central control unit is used to receive and analyze operating data, evaluate the power generation efficiency and operating status of each solar panel, generate evaluation results, and issue control instructions based on the evaluation results;

[0125] The communication module is connected to the acquisition module and the central control unit, and is used to transmit the real-time data acquired by the operation data acquisition module to the central control unit, and receive control instructions from the central control unit;

[0126] An actuator, connected to the central control unit, is used to control the tilt angle and orientation of the solar panel;

[0127] The data storage module is connected to the central control unit to receive and store various data from the central control unit. The operating data includes voltage, current, temperature, light intensity, ambient temperature and weather conditions. The central control unit includes:

[0128] The data analysis module is used to analyze the received operation data, calculate the actual power generation of each solar panel and the theoretical power generation of each solar panel according to the operation data; and then calculate the evaluation result according to the actual power generation of the solar panel and the theoretical power generation of each solar panel;

[0129] The control instruction generation module is connected to the data analysis module and is used to generate a control instruction based on the comparison between the evaluation result and the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value.

[0130] Furthermore, the acquisition module is directly connected to at least two solar panels and is responsible for real-time acquisition of operating data such as the output voltage, output current, temperature, light intensity, ambient temperature and weather conditions of the solar panels. These data are transmitted to the central control unit through the communication module to ensure the timeliness and accuracy of data transmission. As the core of the system, the central control unit receives and analyzes the operating data from the acquisition module, calculates the actual power generation and theoretical power generation of each solar panel through the built-in data analysis module, and then evaluates its power generation efficiency and operating status.

[0131] During the data analysis process, the central control unit first pre-processes the received operating data, including data cleaning, filtering and noise elimination, to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data. Subsequently, based on the preset power generation model, combined with historical operating data and real-time data, the actual power generation and theoretical power generation of each solar panel are accurately calculated. By comparing and analyzing the theoretical power generation with the actual power generation, the system can generate an evaluation result of the power generation efficiency and compare the result with the preset first and second thresholds of the power generation efficiency.

[0132] According to the evaluation results, the central control unit generates corresponding control instructions through the control instruction generation module and sends them to the actuator through the communication module. If the power generation efficiency evaluation result is higher than the first threshold, the system will instruct the actuator to adjust the tilt angle of the solar panel to optimize the light reception; if the evaluation result is further higher than the second threshold, the system will further instruct the actuator to adjust the orientation of the solar panel so that it is more accurately aligned with the sun's path, thereby further improving the power generation efficiency. During the adjustment process, the central control unit continuously monitors relevant operating parameters, including changes in the output voltage and current of the solar panel during the adjustment process, the operating status of the actuator (such as motor temperature, speed and load), and changes in data collected by environmental sensors (such as wind speed and ambient temperature). This monitoring mechanism ensures the smoothness and accuracy of the adjustment process, and suspends or adjusts the operation when necessary to prevent equipment damage.

[0133] All operating data, adjustment operations and power generation efficiency evaluation results are received and stored by the data storage module, which is convenient for subsequent long-term trend analysis and system performance optimization. By continuously executing the above steps, the system can realize real-time dynamic adjustment of solar panels to ensure that power generation efficiency is always at the highest level.

[0134] During actual operation, the system first monitors the operating parameters of at least two solar panels in real time through the acquisition module, and transmits the data to the central control unit through the communication module. The central control unit preprocesses and analyzes the data, calculates the actual and theoretical power generation of each solar panel, and evaluates its power generation efficiency. According to the evaluation results, the central control unit generates corresponding control instructions, which are sent to the actuator through the communication module to adjust the tilt angle and orientation of the solar panel. At the same time, the system continuously monitors various operating parameters during the adjustment process to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the adjustment operation. All adjustment operations and related data are recorded and stored, and the system continuously executes the above process in a loop to achieve real-time optimization control of the solar panels.

[0135] Through precise data collection and analysis, the control system can evaluate the power generation efficiency of solar panels in real time, and intelligently adjust the posture of solar panels according to the evaluation results to maximize the amount of light received, significantly improving the overall power generation efficiency. At the same time, the system continuously monitors the operating parameters to ensure the stability and safety of the adjustment process and reduce the equipment failure rate. The integration of the data storage module enables the system to perform long-term trend analysis and performance optimization, further improving the economic benefits and sustainable development capabilities of the photovoltaic system. Overall, the solar panel control system based on the photovoltaic monitoring platform realizes efficient, intelligent and reliable solar power generation management, significantly enhancing the overall performance and market competitiveness of the photovoltaic system.

[0136] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar panel control method based on a photovoltaic monitoring platform, characterized in that: include: S1. Collect operating data of at least two solar panels; S2. The central control unit receives and analyzes the operating data, evaluates the power generation efficiency and operating status of each solar panel, obtains the evaluation result, and compares the evaluation result with the first threshold value or the second threshold value of the preset power generation efficiency; S3. When the evaluation result is higher than the preset first threshold, the central control unit adjusts the tilt angle of the solar panel according to the current light intensity and sun position data; S4. After adjusting the tilt angle of the solar panel, re-execute step S1 and step S2; when the evaluation result is higher than the preset second threshold, adjust the orientation of the solar panel; S5. The central control unit records the adjustment operation and operating data of the solar panel, and re-executes steps S1 to S4 to achieve real-time dynamic adjustment.

2. The solar panel control method based on the photovoltaic monitoring platform according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step S2 further comprises: Pre-process the received operation data, including data cleaning, filtering and noise elimination; Based on the preset power generation model, combined with historical operation data and real-time data, the actual power generation of each solar panel is calculated; Compare and analyze the actual power generation with the theoretical power generation to evaluate the power generation efficiency of each solar panel; A numerical value of power generation efficiency is generated according to the evaluation result, and the numerical value is used to compare with a preset power generation efficiency threshold.

3. The solar panel control method based on the photovoltaic monitoring platform according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The operating data described in step S1 includes the output voltage, output current and ambient temperature of the solar panel; the actual power generation of each solar panel is calculated; the formula is as follows: P actual =V×I×(1-α(T-T ref )) Among them, P actual represents the actual power generation of the solar panel; V represents the output voltage of the solar panel; I represents the output current of the solar panel; α represents the temperature coefficient; T represents the current ambient temperature; T ref Indicates the reference temperature; The central control unit calculates the theoretical power generation of each solar panel based on the collected light intensity, effective area of ​​the solar panel, conversion efficiency, and incident angle of sunlight; the formula is as follows: P theoretical =G×A×η×cos(θ)×δ P theoretical represents theoretical power generation; G represents light intensity; A represents the effective area of ​​the solar panel, in square meters; η represents the conversion efficiency of the solar panel; θ represents the incident angle of sunlight, in degrees; δ represents the shielding coefficient, ranging from 0 to 1; The central control unit compares and analyzes the calculated actual power generation with the theoretical power generation to evaluate the power generation efficiency of each solar panel; the calculation formula is as follows: Among them, η evaluation Indicates the power generation efficiency evaluation results.

4. The solar panel control method based on the photovoltaic monitoring platform according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The central control unit calculates the optimal orientation angle of each solar panel based on the real-time sun position data. The specific calculation method is as follows: i optimal =f(θ azimuth ,the elevation ,G,φ) Among them, θ optimal represents the calculated optimal orientation angle; θ azimuth Indicates the azimuth of the sun; θ elevation represents the altitude angle of the sun; G represents the light intensity; φ represents the local geographical latitude.

5. The solar panel control method based on the photovoltaic monitoring platform according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The central control unit communicates with the actuator to instruct the solar panel to adjust its orientation to the calculated optimal orientation angle; the adjustment process includes the following steps: Start the actuator, according to θ optimal Adjust the rotation angle of the solar panel; During the adjustment process, monitor the operating status of the actuator.

6. The solar panel control system based on the photovoltaic monitoring platform is characterized by: For executing the method of claims 1 to 5, comprising: A collection module, directly connected to at least two solar panels, to collect operating data of at least two solar panels; A central control unit is used to receive and analyze operating data, evaluate the power generation efficiency and operating status of each solar panel, generate evaluation results, and issue control instructions based on the evaluation results; The communication module is connected to the acquisition module and the central control unit, and is used to transmit the real-time data acquired by the operation data acquisition module to the central control unit, and receive control instructions from the central control unit; An actuator, connected to the central control unit, is used to control the tilt angle and orientation of the solar panel; The data storage module is connected to the central control unit and receives and stores various data from the central control unit.

7. The solar panel control system based on the photovoltaic monitoring platform according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The operating data includes voltage, current, temperature, light intensity, ambient temperature and weather conditions.

8. The solar panel control system based on the photovoltaic monitoring platform according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The central control unit comprises: The data analysis module is used to analyze the received operation data, calculate the actual power generation of each solar panel and the theoretical power generation of each solar panel according to the operation data; and then calculate the evaluation result according to the actual power generation of the solar panel and the theoretical power generation of each solar panel; The control instruction generation module is connected to the data analysis module and is used to generate a control instruction based on the comparison between the evaluation result and the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value.

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