Method for automatically generating tunnel support model, computer equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The method for automatically generating the tunnel support model comprises the steps that a support template data set and a tunnel center line data set are transmitted to a BIM service platform, data extraction is carried out, and the data are structurally stored in a graph database; the surrounding rock section information is transmitted to a BIM service platform, tunnel position data and surrounding rock types in the construction process are collected, and the surrounding rock section information is updated based on the tunnel position data and the surrounding rock types; based on the surrounding rock section information, matching is conducted in the graph database, tunnel center line data, the positions of all construction sections on the tunnel center line and corresponding support template data are obtained, and a three-dimensional support model is constructed. The method has the advantages that the three-dimensional support model is automatically generated, business hooking with each business system of the BIM business platform can be automatically carried out, the operation threshold is reduced, the workload is greatly reduced, the BIM model change processing link is removed, and the updating efficiency of the three-dimensional support model is improved under the condition that the accuracy of the support model is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building information model construction, and in particular to a method, computer equipment and storage medium for automatically generating a tunnel support model. Background Art

[0002] In today's digital wave, the pace of digital transformation in the construction industry is accelerating, and Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology has emerged. With advanced digital means, BIM technology has built an integrated platform covering the entire life cycle of buildings, organically integrating massive data from multiple links such as building design, construction, and operation and maintenance, aiming to achieve multiple goals such as precise control of project progress, all-round quality control, and accurate calculation of engineering quantities, providing a strong impetus for the efficient and high-quality delivery of construction projects.

[0003] In the field of tunnel engineering, support operations are a key link to ensure the stability of tunnel structures and construction safety. The integration of BIM technology has a pivotal strategic significance. In the traditional operation process, BIM designers use mainstream professional design software such as Revit and Bentley to build support models. Tunnel construction follows the principle of segmented advancement. Excavation operations are carried out first, and then the surrounding rock type is accurately determined based on the actual occurrence status of the surrounding rock on site, and the corresponding support plan is determined accordingly.

[0004] However, tunnel construction has the characteristics of dynamic evolution. In order to accurately map the actual working conditions, BIM designers must closely follow the progress of surrounding rock exploration, and repeatedly revise and continuously update the support model as the exploration results are continuously produced. This process involves cumbersome operation steps and huge data processing work, which not only consumes a lot of manpower and time costs, but may also cause errors and omissions due to human factors. Therefore, how to improve the updating efficiency and accuracy of the support model has become an urgent problem to be solved in the field of tunnel engineering.

[0005] What is even more complicated is that in order to realize the data interaction between the BIM support model and the construction business system, and to achieve the vision of seamless connection and collaborative operation between the two, multiple complex processes must be carried out. First, the BIM model needs to be uploaded to the digital platform. Next, the platform needs to use its model parsing capabilities to perform data structuring on the model file so that the system can recognize and process it. After that, a series of complex configuration and data binding links are required to closely link the BIM model with business data such as construction progress and quantity calculation. There are many steps involved in manual participation, and each time the BIM model is modified or updated, the entire process needs to be repeated. This not only increases the workload, but also greatly reduces the efficiency of the digital process, making it difficult to carry out digital business smoothly. In the prior art, there are many attempts to quickly design tunnel models, but each has its limitations. For example: The patent with publication number CN118070406A proposes a method for 3D modeling using finite element calculation template files. However, this method still relies heavily on manual operations by professional model designers in professional modeling software such as Solidworks. In the case of frequent changes in tunnel surrounding rock section information, designers need to constantly modify the model and upload it to the BIM business system platform, making the workflow cumbersome and inefficient.

[0006] Similarly, patents with publication numbers CN116663131A, CN108108566A, and CN113626919A are also intended to provide professional model designers with rapid modeling tools on professional modeling platforms. However, these methods have also failed to get rid of the high dependence on professional designers and have a high threshold for operation. With the frequent update of tunnel surrounding rock section information, the designer's workload is still heavy, and there are also problems with the connection between the BIM model and the BIM business system platform.

[0007] On the other hand, the patent with publication number CN113988776A proposes a method for attaching business codes to components on a lightweight BIM model, and controls the color of model components through coding to meet the business needs of presenting construction progress. However, the patent does not involve solutions for rapid modeling and cannot fundamentally solve the problem of modeling efficiency.

[0008] In addition, the patent with publication number CN101882171A describes a solution for building a tunnel model based on tunnel line position information and tunnel section information. However, the solution does not use a template file to input data, which makes it difficult to carry out subsequent digital services and limits the flexibility and scalability of the model. Summary of the invention

[0009] In view of the problem that the process of binding the BIM model with the business system data is cumbersome due to the frequent modification and update of the BIM model during the tunnel construction process. The method for automatically generating a tunnel support model disclosed by the present invention introduces a support template file and a tunnel centerline file. During the geological exploration process, when new surrounding rock section information is collected, ordinary business personnel only need to simply fill in and update the surrounding rock section information in the BIM business platform. Based on the surrounding rock section information, the support template data of each construction section on the tunnel centerline is matched in the graph database; through the support template data of each construction section on the tunnel centerline, a three-dimensional tunnel support model is automatically generated along the tunnel centerline. The automatically generated three-dimensional tunnel support model can automatically connect with each business system of the BIM business platform for business, which has the advantages of lowering the operation threshold, greatly reducing the workload, removing the BIM model change processing link, and improving the update efficiency of the three-dimensional tunnel support model while ensuring the accuracy of the three-dimensional tunnel support model.

[0010] The method for automatically generating a tunnel support model disclosed in the present invention at least comprises: The support template data set corresponding to the surrounding rock type and the tunnel centerline data set are transmitted to the BIM business platform; Extracting and structuring the support template data set and the tunnel centerline data set through the BIM business platform, and storing them in a graph database; Transmitting the surrounding rock section information of the tunnel to be constructed to the BIM business platform, collecting the tunnel position data and the corresponding surrounding rock type during the construction process, and updating the surrounding rock section information based on the tunnel position data and the corresponding surrounding rock type; Based on the surrounding rock section information, matching is performed in the graph database to obtain tunnel centerline data, positions of each construction section on the tunnel centerline, and support template data corresponding to the construction section positions; A three-dimensional tunnel support model is constructed based on the tunnel centerline data, the positions of each construction section on the tunnel centerline, and the support template data corresponding to the construction section positions.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the support formwork data corresponding to different surrounding rock types in the support formwork data set are encoded in a layer manner or an attribute manner, and any of the support formwork data includes a number of model components with business codes, and the model components include but are not limited to top arches, reinforced concrete linings, asphalt pavements, concrete pavements, concrete cushions, drainage ditches or cable trenches.

[0012] A preferred embodiment, extracting and structuring the support template data set and the tunnel centerline data set through the BIM business platform, and storing them in a graph database, specifically includes the following steps: Extracting and structurally converting the support template data set into a format recognizable by the graph database through the BIM business platform; A top-level node project, a middle-level node Template, and a bottom-level node Entity are created in the graph database, wherein the top-level node project represents the entire support template data set, the middle-level node Template is a child node of the top-level node project, and is used to store different support template data and corresponding codes, and the bottom-level node Entity is a child node of the middle-level node Template, and is used to store the model components and corresponding business codes included in the support template data; The BIM business platform extracts and structurally converts the tunnel centerline data set into a format recognizable by the graph database, stores it in the graph database, and creates a tag ID corresponding to the tunnel centerline data one by one.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the model component includes geometric data of a two-dimensional closed polygon and engineering parameter data, and the geometric data of the model component constitutes a cross-sectional view corresponding to the support template data.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the tunnel centerline data includes tunnel centerline geometry data and pile number data set on the tunnel centerline for positioning.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the surrounding rock section information includes at least the tunnel centerline data tag ID, the pile number data area of ​​each construction section on the tunnel centerline, and the support template data code corresponding to the pile number data area one by one, and the pile number data area includes the pile number data of the starting position and the ending position of each construction section.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the step of collecting tunnel position data and corresponding surrounding rock types during construction, and updating the surrounding rock section information based on the tunnel position data and the corresponding surrounding rock types, specifically comprises the following steps: Collect tunnel location data and corresponding surrounding rock types during construction; Based on the tunnel position data, determine the starting position and the ending position of each construction section of the tunnel, and update the pile number data area of ​​each construction section on the tunnel centerline in the surrounding rock section information according to the starting position and the ending position of each construction section of the tunnel; Based on the surrounding rock type, the support template code of each construction section of the tunnel is determined, and the support template data code in the surrounding rock section information is updated according to the support template code of each construction section of the tunnel.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the matching is performed on the graph database based on the surrounding rock section information to obtain tunnel centerline data, positions of each construction section on the tunnel centerline, and support template data corresponding to the construction section positions, specifically comprising the following steps: Based on the tunnel centerline data tag ID in the surrounding rock section information, matching is performed in the graph database to obtain the tunnel centerline data; Determine the position of each construction section on the tunnel centerline based on the pile number data area of ​​each construction section on the tunnel centerline in the surrounding rock section information; Based on the support template data code corresponding to the pile number data area in the surrounding rock section information, matching is performed in the graph database to obtain the support template data of each construction section.

[0018] A preferred embodiment constructs a three-dimensional tunnel support model based on the tunnel centerline data, the positions of each construction section on the tunnel centerline, and the support template data corresponding to the construction section positions, specifically comprising the following steps: Based on the support template data of the construction section on the tunnel centerline, all the model components and corresponding business codes under the support template data are obtained; Based on the geometric data of the model component and the geometric data of the construction section of the tunnel centerline, the model component is swept along the tunnel centerline from the starting position of the construction section to the ending position to form a model component geometry; Traversing all model components under the support template data to form a three-dimensional support model of the construction section; The support template data of each construction section of the tunnel centerline is traversed to form a three-dimensional tunnel support model of the entire tunnel.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the three-dimensional tunnel support model obtains the geometric data and engineering parameter data of the model components of each construction section in the BIM business platform through the model component business coding.

[0020] The present invention also provides a computer device, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, the computer program is configured to be executed by the processor, and the computer program comprises instructions for executing any of the above methods.

[0021] The present invention also provides a storage medium, comprising a computer program / instruction, which, when executed by a processor, implements any of the above-described methods for automatically generating a tunnel support model.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the method for automatically generating a tunnel support model disclosed in the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The method for automatically generating a tunnel support model disclosed in the present invention comprises at least transmitting a support template data set corresponding to the surrounding rock type and a tunnel centerline data set to a BIM business platform. On the one hand, the support template data set contains a standardized support scheme corresponding to the surrounding rock type, thereby ensuring the consistency of subsequent model construction; on the other hand, the tunnel centerline data provides an accurate spatial positioning basis for model generation, thereby avoiding manual repeated drawing of paths.

[0023] The support template data set and the tunnel centerline data set are extracted and structured through the BIM business platform and stored in a graph database. On the one hand, efficient data management and rapid retrieval are achieved. The graph database stores the support template data and the tunnel centerline data through nodes and relationships, supports complex relationship queries, and rapidly matches the support template data of each section on the tunnel centerline. On the other hand, the data is highly reusable, and the structured stored support template and centerline data can be reused in similar projects, reducing repeated modeling costs.

[0024] The surrounding rock section information of the tunnel to be constructed is transmitted to the BIM business platform, and the tunnel location data and the corresponding surrounding rock type are collected during the construction process. The surrounding rock section information is updated based on the tunnel location data and the corresponding surrounding rock type. On the one hand, the operation threshold is low and it adapts to the dynamic needs of construction. As the on-site construction progresses, new surrounding rock information is obtained during geological exploration. BIM designers do not need to maintain the three-dimensional model of the tunnel. Ordinary business personnel only need to fill in the surrounding rock section information (such as pile number range, surrounding rock type) through the BIM platform interface. No professional design skills are required, which reduces dependence on BIM designers. On the other hand, the newly added surrounding rock section information during the construction process can be entered into the system in real time, triggering the automatic update of the model to ensure that the BIM model is highly synchronized with the on-site working conditions.

[0025] Based on the surrounding rock section information, matching is performed in the graph database to obtain the tunnel centerline data, the positions of each construction section on the tunnel centerline, and the support template data corresponding to the construction section position. The corresponding data is quickly retrieved from the graph database to achieve accurate binding of the support plan and the tunnel position, automatically divide the construction sections, and dynamically generate the geometry of each section based on the centerline data to meet the complex needs of tunnel segmented construction.

[0026] A three-dimensional tunnel support model is constructed based on the tunnel centerline data, the positions of each construction section on the tunnel centerline, and the support template data corresponding to the construction section positions. The three-dimensional support model is automatically generated without human intervention. On the one hand, the modeling time is greatly shortened and the updating efficiency of the three-dimensional support model is improved. The model generation process is fast and accurate, and can respond to changes in the construction process in a timely manner. On the other hand, the automatically generated three-dimensional tunnel support model automatically binds all business data, eliminating the tedious manual steps of uploading, configuring, and mounting models.

[0027] (2) The method for automatically generating a tunnel support model disclosed in the present invention is that the support template data corresponding to different surrounding rock types in the support template data set are encoded in a layer mode or an attribute mode. On the one hand, the support template data is classified and stored through layer or attribute coding to ensure that the support schemes corresponding to different surrounding rock types can be quickly retrieved, eliminating the need for manual screening. On the other hand, the classified storage makes the data management more orderly and convenient for updating and maintaining the support template data. When it is necessary to add a new support template or modify an existing template, it is only necessary to operate in the corresponding layer or attribute. Any support template data includes a number of model components with business codes, and the model components include but are not limited to top arches, reinforced concrete linings, asphalt pavements, concrete pavements, concrete cushions, drainage ditches or cable trenches. The model components include geometric data of two-dimensional closed polygons and engineering parameter data. The geometric data and engineering parameters of the model components are directly retrieved through business codes to support business scenarios such as automatic quantity calculation and progress simulation. After the model is updated, the parameters associated with the business code are automatically synchronized to the construction management system to ensure the data accuracy of cost accounting and resource scheduling. Model components have embedded engineering parameters, which can be directly used to generate construction drawings, material lists and process guidance documents, thus improving the level of construction standardization. The geometric data of model components constitute the corresponding cross-sectional view of the support formwork data. On the one hand, it can intuitively display the cross-sectional structure and geometric shape of the support formwork, improve the intuitiveness and readability of the data, and users can quickly understand the composition and structure of the support formwork through the cross-sectional view; on the other hand, the cross-sectional view can provide important guidance and supervision basis for construction. Construction personnel can understand the installation requirements and construction methods of the support formwork based on the cross-sectional view to ensure construction quality and safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a method for automatically generating a tunnel support model according to the present invention; Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of support template data of an embodiment of the method for automatically generating a tunnel support model of the present invention; Figure 3 A tunnel centerline data diagram of an embodiment of the method for automatically generating a tunnel support model of the present invention; Figure 4 A three-dimensional tunnel model diagram of an embodiment of the method for automatically generating a tunnel support model of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0030] Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although certain embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present disclosure are only for exemplary purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The term "or / and" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0032] In addition, in the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and do not specifically refer to the order or sequence, nor are they used to limit the present invention. They are only used to distinguish components or operations described with the same technical terms, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0033] The method for automatically generating a tunnel support model in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, including at least: Step S1, transmitting the support template data set corresponding to the surrounding rock type and the tunnel centerline data set to the BIM business platform.

[0034] Surrounding rock refers to the rock and soil mass within a certain range around underground projects such as tunnels and shafts that affects the stability of the project. For example, when building a subway tunnel, the soil or rock layer around the tunnel is the surrounding rock. According to relevant national standards, surrounding rock is divided into multiple types according to conditions such as hardness and fragility of the surrounding rock, such as Class I surrounding rock, Class II surrounding rock, Class III surrounding rock, etc. Different support schemes are required to reinforce the surrounding rock to prevent collapse for different surrounding rock types.

[0035] The support model refers to the planning and design of a series of support measures taken during the construction of underground projects (such as tunnels, underground chambers, etc.) to ensure the stability of the surrounding rock of the underground caverns and prevent the surrounding rock from collapsing, deforming and other destructive phenomena. It is determined after comprehensive consideration of multiple factors such as the nature of the surrounding rock, the scale and purpose of the project, and the construction method. In the embodiment shown in the present invention, the support template data set includes a number of support template data corresponding to the surrounding rock type. Any support template data is a standardized support scheme corresponding to the surrounding rock type, ensuring the consistency of the subsequent three-dimensional tunnel model construction.

[0036] The support template data corresponding to different surrounding rock types in the support template data set are encoded in a layer mode or an attribute mode. On the one hand, the support template data is classified and stored through layer or attribute coding to ensure that the support schemes corresponding to different surrounding rock types can be quickly retrieved, eliminating the need for manual screening. On the other hand, classified storage makes data management more orderly and facilitates the updating and maintenance of the support template data. When a new support template needs to be added or an existing template needs to be modified, it is only necessary to operate in the corresponding layer or attribute. In the subsequent automatic construction process of the three-dimensional tunnel model, the support template data corresponding to the support scheme is obtained through a layer query mode or an attribute filtering mode. In this embodiment, the layer mode is used for encoding. For example, the support template data corresponding to Class I surrounding rock is encoded as "support template data 1-1", and the support template data corresponding to Class II surrounding rock is encoded as "support template data 2-2". The support template data encoding corresponding to other surrounding rock types is similar and will not be repeated here.

[0037] Any support template data includes several model components with business codes, including but not limited to top arches, reinforced concrete linings, asphalt pavements, concrete pavements, concrete cushions, drainage ditches or cable trenches. In this embodiment, all model components under the same support template data uniformly create an attribute named "support template data code" and assign it the code of this support template data. For example, all model components under "support template data code 1-1" are uniformly assigned "1-1".

[0038] It should be noted that the BIM business platform is a digital platform built within the enterprise to improve the level of construction management. It provides services such as uploading BIM model files, extracting model file data, and storing data in a structured manner, as well as providing related capabilities for subsequent BIM business data processing. The data extraction service of the BIM business platform will use different model file parsing libraries according to the format of the uploaded model file. For example, for model files modeled using Revit (with the extension "rvt"), the "BimRv SDK" provided by ODA (Open Design Alliance) will be used to extract data from the model files, and store the geometric data and attribute data of all components in the file in the graph database; for IFC model files, IfcOpenShell will be used for data extraction, and the geometric data and attribute data of all components in the file will also be stored in the graph database. It should be noted that a graph database is a database specially designed to process graph-structured data, which organizes data based on the relationships between nodes.

[0039] In order to facilitate the subsequent BIM business platform to associate all model components, an attribute named "business code" is created for each model component and a value is assigned. For example, the "drainage ditch" model component is assigned a value of "PSG-001", and the "top arch" model component is assigned a value of "DG-001", etc.

[0040] In this embodiment, the model component includes geometric data of a two-dimensional closed polygon and engineering parameter data. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the geometric data of the model components constitute the corresponding cross-section of the support template data. The geometric data of the two-dimensional closed polygon of the model components can ensure that the generated three-dimensional model has no cracks or dislocations and meets the engineering accuracy requirements. The geometric data and engineering parameters of the model components are directly retrieved through the business code, supporting business scenarios such as automatic quantity calculation and progress simulation. After the model is updated, the parameters associated with the business code are automatically synchronized to the construction management system to ensure the data accuracy of cost accounting and resource scheduling. The model components have embedded engineering parameters and can be directly used to generate construction drawings, material lists and process guidance documents to improve the level of construction standardization. The geometric data of the model components constitute the corresponding cross-section of the support template data. On the one hand, it can intuitively display the cross-sectional structure and geometric shape of the support template, improve the intuitiveness and readability of the data, and users can quickly understand the composition and structure of the support template through the cross-section; on the other hand, the cross-section can provide important guidance and supervision basis for construction. Construction personnel can understand the installation requirements and construction methods of the support template according to the cross-section to ensure construction quality and safety.

[0041] It should be noted that the model components in different support formwork data have different engineering parameters. For example, the engineering parameters of the model components in support formwork data code 2-2 include the aperture, spacing, length and inclination of the top arch drainage holes; the diameter, length and rock penetration depth of the mortar anchor rods; the diameter and spacing of the lighting anchor rods; the grade and thickness of the top arch mesh sprayed concrete; the grade and thickness of the side wall plain sprayed concrete; the thickness of the asphalt pavement; the thickness of the concrete pavement; the type and thickness of the cable trench; the slope of the drainage ditch; and the structural dimensions of the top arch, reinforced concrete lining, asphalt pavement, concrete pavement, concrete cushion, drainage ditch or cable trench.

[0042] The tunnel centerline data set includes several tunnel centerline data established according to the topography and geological survey results of the tunnel project. The tunnel centerline data includes the tunnel centerline geometry data and the pile number data set on the tunnel centerline for positioning. In this embodiment, the tunnel centerline geometry data indicates the position and direction of the tunnel, and the pile number data is used to locate the position on the tunnel centerline. For example, the pile number data is "ZD0+50", which represents the branch tunnel 0km+50m, that is, 50 meters away from the starting point of the branch tunnel centerline; another example is "ZD1+100", which represents the branch tunnel 1km+100m, that is, 1100 meters away from the starting point of the branch tunnel centerline. The prefix "ZD" is an abbreviation defined by the tunnel business. In this embodiment, "ZD" means "branch tunnel", which is a type of tunnel. The tunnel centerline data provides a precise spatial positioning basis for model generation, avoiding manual repeated drawing of paths.

[0043] Step S2, extract and structure the support template data set and the tunnel centerline data set through the BIM business platform, and store them in the graph database. On the one hand, efficient data management and rapid retrieval are achieved. The graph database stores the support template data and the tunnel centerline data through nodes and relationships, supports complex relationship queries, and quickly matches the support template data of each section on the tunnel centerline. On the other hand, the data is highly reusable, and the structured storage of support templates and centerline data can be reused in similar projects, reducing the cost of repeated modeling.

[0044] Step S2 specifically includes the following steps: Step S201: extract and structure the support template data set into a format that can be recognized by the graph database through the BIM business platform.

[0045] Step S202, create a top-level node project, a middle-level node Template, and a bottom-level node Entity in the graph database. The top-level node project represents the entire support template data set. The middle-level node Template is a child node of the top-level node project, which is used to store different support template data and corresponding codes. The bottom-level node Entity is a child node of the middle-level node Template, which is used to store the model components included in the support template data and the corresponding business codes.

[0046] In this embodiment, the geometric data of each model component is stored as a node in the graph database in a one-dimensional array data structure in the format of [x1, y1, z1, x2, y2, z2, x3, y3, z3, ... x1, y1, z1]. Each group (x, y, z) in the data structure is a floating point value type, which respectively represents the position of the three coordinate axes in the Cartesian coordinate system. The first and last positions of the one-dimensional array are both [x1, y1, z1], indicating that each model component is a closed polygon.

[0047] Step S203, extracting and structurally converting the tunnel centerline data set into a format recognizable by the graph database through the BIM business platform, storing it in the graph database, and creating a label ID corresponding to the tunnel centerline data.

[0048] In this embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the tunnel centerline geometry data is stored as nodes in the graph database in the form of a one-dimensional array data structure in the format of [x1, y1, z1, x2, y2, z2, x3, y3, z3, ...]. Each group (x, y, z) in the data structure is a floating-point value type, representing the positions of the three coordinate axes in the Cartesian coordinate system.

[0049] Step S3, transmitting the surrounding rock section information of the tunnel to be constructed to the BIM business platform, collecting the tunnel position data and the corresponding surrounding rock type during the construction process, and updating the surrounding rock section information based on the tunnel position data and the corresponding surrounding rock type.

[0050] The surrounding rock section information includes at least the tunnel centerline data tag ID, the pile number data area of ​​each construction section on the tunnel centerline, and the support template data code corresponding to the pile number data area one by one. The pile number data area includes the pile number data of the starting position and the ending position of each construction section.

[0051] In this embodiment, the surrounding rock section information of the tunnel to be constructed is transmitted to the BIM business platform and converted into surrounding rock section information in json format. The converted surrounding rock section information json format is as follows: { "modelType": "tunnel", "templateId": "6980247", "lineId":"6980301", "datas": [ { "template": "1-1", "range": [0,10] }, { "template": "2-2", "range": [10,20] } ] } Among them, modelType represents the input 3D modeling type; templateId represents the ID of the top-level node project of the input support template data set in the graph database; lineId represents the label ID of the input tunnel centerline data in the graph database; datas represents the data of each construction section on the input tunnel centerline, template represents the number of the middle-level node of the input support template data in the graph database, and range represents the pile number data area of ​​each construction section on the input tunnel centerline.

[0052] In this embodiment, "modelType": "tunnel" indicates that the required 3D modeling type is tunnel; "templateId": "6980247" indicates that the ID of the top-level node project of the support template data set in the graph database is 6980247; "lineId": "6980301" indicates that the label ID of the tunnel centerline data in the graph database is 6980301; "template": "1-1" indicates that the number of the middle-level node of the support template data in the graph database is 1-1, and "range": [0, 10] indicates that the construction section pile number data area on the tunnel centerline is [0, 10], that is, the starting position is 0 meters and the ending position is 10 meters, and the "support template data 1-1" support scheme is used to construct the 3D model; "template": "2-2" means that the middle layer node of the support template data in the graph database is numbered 2-2, and "range":[10,20] means that the construction section pile number data area on the tunnel centerline is [10,20], that is, the starting position is 10 meters and the ending position is 20 meters. The "support template data 2-2" support scheme is used to construct the three-dimensional model.

[0053] Collect tunnel location data and corresponding surrounding rock types during construction, and update surrounding rock section information based on tunnel location data and corresponding surrounding rock types. On the one hand, the operation threshold is low and it adapts to the dynamic needs of construction. As the on-site construction progresses, new surrounding rock information is obtained during geological exploration. BIM designers do not need to maintain the three-dimensional model of the tunnel. Ordinary business personnel only need to fill in the surrounding rock section information (such as pile number range, surrounding rock type) through the BIM platform interface. No professional design skills are required, which reduces dependence on BIM designers. On the other hand, the newly added surrounding rock section information during the construction process can be entered into the system in real time, triggering the automatic update of the model to ensure that the BIM model is highly synchronized with the on-site working conditions. The specific steps include the following: Step S301, collecting tunnel location data and corresponding surrounding rock types during the construction process.

[0054] Step S302, based on the tunnel position data, determine the starting position and the ending position of each construction section of the tunnel, and update the pile number data area of ​​each construction section on the tunnel centerline in the surrounding rock section information according to the starting position and the ending position of each construction section of the tunnel.

[0055] Step S303, based on the surrounding rock type, determine the support template code of each construction section of the tunnel, and update the support template data code in the surrounding rock section information according to the support template code of each construction section of the tunnel.

[0056] As the exploration progresses during the construction process, the excavation process of the tunnel will continuously explore the latest surrounding rock section information. If the latest surrounding rock section information is inconsistent with the original surrounding rock section information, the surrounding rock section information is updated to ensure that the surrounding rock section information input into the BIM business system is consistent with the surrounding rock information explored during the construction process, so that the subsequent three-dimensional model of the tunnel can be accurately constructed. For example, the tunnel location data shows that the position is 0, the end position is 15 meters, and the surrounding rock type is Class III surrounding rock. The surrounding rock section information is updated accordingly and transmitted to the BIM business platform. The converted surrounding rock section information json format is as follows: { "modelType": "tunnel", "templateId": "6980247", "lineId":"6980301", "datas": [ { "template": "3-3", "range": [0,15] }, { "template": "2-2", "range": [15,20] } ] } Among them, "template": "3-3" means that the number of the middle layer node of the support template data in the graph database is 3-3, "range": [0,15] means that the data area of ​​the pile number of the construction section on the center line of the tunnel is [0,15], that is, the starting position is 0 meters and the ending position is 15 meters, and the "support template data 3-3" support scheme is used to construct the three-dimensional model; "template": "2-2" means that the number of the middle layer node of the support template data in the graph database is 2-2, "range": [15,20] means that the data area of ​​the pile number of the construction section on the center line of the tunnel is [15,20], that is, the starting position is 15 meters and the ending position is 20 meters, and the "support template data 2-2" support scheme is used to construct the three-dimensional model.

[0057] Step S4, based on the surrounding rock segment information, matching is performed in the graph database to obtain the tunnel centerline data, the locations of each construction segment on the tunnel centerline, and the support template data corresponding to the construction segment location. The corresponding data is quickly retrieved from the graph database to achieve accurate binding of the support scheme and the tunnel location, automatically divide the construction segment, and dynamically generate the geometry of each segment in combination with the centerline data to meet the complex needs of tunnel segment construction.

[0058] Step S4 specifically includes the following steps: Step S401, based on the tunnel centerline data tag ID in the surrounding rock section information, matching is performed in the graph database to obtain the tunnel centerline data. In this embodiment, taking the above updated surrounding rock section information as an example, the tunnel centerline data with tag ID 6980301 is obtained.

[0059] Step S402, based on the pile number data area of ​​each construction section on the tunnel centerline in the surrounding rock section information, determine the position of each construction section on the tunnel centerline. In this embodiment, taking the above-mentioned updated surrounding rock section information as an example, the positions of each construction section on the tunnel centerline are obtained as two construction sections of 0-15 meters and 15-20 meters respectively.

[0060] Step S403, based on the support template data code corresponding to the pile number data area in the surrounding rock section information, the support template data of each construction section is matched in the graph database. In this embodiment, taking the above-mentioned updated surrounding rock section information as an example, the support template data of the 0-15 meter construction section on the tunnel centerline is obtained as "support template data 3-3", and the support template data of the 15-20 meter construction section on the tunnel centerline is obtained as "support template data 2-2".

[0061] Step S5, construct a three-dimensional tunnel support model based on the tunnel centerline data, the positions of each construction section on the tunnel centerline, and the support template data corresponding to the construction section position. The three-dimensional support model is automatically generated without manual intervention. On the one hand, it greatly shortens the modeling time and improves the efficiency of updating the three-dimensional support model. The model generation process is fast and accurate, and can respond to changes in the construction process in a timely manner; on the other hand, the automatically generated three-dimensional tunnel support model automatically binds all business data, eliminating the tedious manual steps of uploading, configuring, and mounting models.

[0062] Step S5 specifically includes the following steps: Step S501, based on the support template data of the construction section on the tunnel centerline, all model components and corresponding business codes under the support template data are obtained. In this embodiment, taking the above-mentioned updated surrounding rock section information as an example, the support template data of the 0-15 meter construction section on the tunnel centerline is "support template data 3-3", and all model components under the same support template data are obtained, that is, all model components with the attribute value of "support template data code" assigned to "3-3". The support template data of the 15-20 meter construction section on the tunnel centerline is "support template data 2-2", and all model components under the same support template data are obtained, that is, all model components with the attribute value of "support template data code" assigned to "2-2".

[0063] Step S502, based on the geometric data of the model component and the geometric data of the tunnel centerline construction section, the model component is swept along the tunnel centerline from the starting position of the construction section to the ending position to form a model component geometry.

[0064] Step S503, traverse all model components under the support template data to form a three-dimensional support model of the construction section.

[0065] Step S504, traverse the support template data of each construction section of the tunnel centerline to form a three-dimensional tunnel support model of the entire tunnel.

[0066] This embodiment takes Python programming language as an example and uses Trimesh library to process geometric data. It should be noted that the core idea of ​​the present invention is not limited to Python, and is also applicable to other programming languages.

[0067] (1) Convert the geometric data of all model components into polygon objects and store these objects in the polygonList array. It should be clear that the polygon object is a structure provided by the Trimesh library for storing two-dimensional polygon data. Its data form is an array of all the points that make up the polygon graphics. Therefore, the polygonList array summarizes the polygon objects of all model components.

[0068] (2) Traverse all polygon objects in polygonList and convert them into 3D geometry mesh. Specifically, for each polygon object, call the function of generating swept geometry in the Trimesh library to convert it into a mesh object. The data structure of the mesh object includes the vertex and vertex index data of all triangles that make up the mesh. The function of generating swept geometry provided by the Trimesh library is as follows: mesh = trimesh.creation.sweep_polygon(polygon, lineData, engine='triangle') The input parameters are polygon objects and lineData. LineData is an array of geometric data points of the tunnel centerline data. The sweep geometry function provided by the Trimesh library converts all polygon objects along the direction of the tunnel centerline into model component geometry, converts them into mesh objects, and summarizes these mesh objects in the meshes array.

[0069] (3) Traverse each mesh object in the meshes array, create the corresponding model component node, and connect all model component nodes as needed. In the graph database, create a model component node for each mesh object and create a project model node. After the project model node and component node are created, create a relationship between the two types of nodes, named "HAS", which is expressed in the graph database as: project model node-"HAS"->component node. At the same time, assign a model component business code to each model component node to meet subsequent business needs.

[0070] (4) Figure 4 As shown, the meshes array is exported as a gltf model file to meet the model rendering requirements of the BIM business platform. gltf is a three-dimensional visualization model format that is widely used in the BIM business platform to ensure efficient rendering and display of the model.

[0071] In the BIM business platform, the three-dimensional tunnel support model obtains the geometric data and engineering parameter data of each construction section model component through the model component business code. It should be noted that all model components in the support template data have corresponding business codes, which can be used to query materials, costs and other information during the later calculation. All business data are automatically bound, eliminating the tedious manual steps of model uploading, configuration, and mounting.

[0072] The embodiment shown in the present invention is a method for automatically generating a tunnel support model by introducing a support template file and a tunnel centerline file. Before the project construction, the two types of files are uploaded to the BIM business platform in advance, and the support template file and the tunnel centerline file are respectively extracted and structured and stored in a graph database through the BIM business platform. During the geological exploration process, when new surrounding rock section information is collected, ordinary business personnel only need to simply fill in and update the surrounding rock section information in the BIM business platform. Based on the surrounding rock section information, the support template data of each construction section on the tunnel centerline is matched in the graph database; through the support template data of each construction section on the tunnel centerline, a three-dimensional tunnel support model is automatically generated along the tunnel centerline. The automatically generated three-dimensional tunnel support model can automatically connect to the various business systems of the BIM business platform for business, which has the advantages of lowering the operation threshold, greatly reducing the workload, removing the BIM model change processing link, and improving the update efficiency of the three-dimensional tunnel support model while ensuring the accuracy of the three-dimensional tunnel support model.

[0073] The embodiment shown in the present invention also provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, the computer program is configured to be executed by the processor, and the computer program includes instructions for executing any of the above methods.

[0074] The embodiment shown in the present invention also provides a storage medium, including a computer program / instruction, which, when executed by a processor, implements any of the above-mentioned methods for automatically generating a tunnel support model.

[0075] In short, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for automatically generating a tunnel support model, characterized in that: At least the following steps are included: The support template data set corresponding to the surrounding rock type and the tunnel centerline data set are transmitted to the BIM business platform; Extracting and structuring the support template data set and the tunnel centerline data set through the BIM business platform, and storing them in a graph database; Transmitting the surrounding rock section information of the tunnel to be constructed to the BIM business platform, collecting the tunnel position data and the corresponding surrounding rock type during the construction process, and updating the surrounding rock section information based on the tunnel position data and the corresponding surrounding rock type; Based on the surrounding rock section information, matching is performed in the graph database to obtain tunnel centerline data, positions of each construction section on the tunnel centerline, and support template data corresponding to the construction section positions; A three-dimensional tunnel support model is constructed based on the tunnel centerline data, the positions of each construction section on the tunnel centerline, and the support template data corresponding to the construction section positions.

2. The method for automatically generating a tunnel support model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support template data corresponding to different surrounding rock types in the support template data set are encoded in a layer manner or an attribute manner, and any of the support template data includes a number of model components with business codes.

3. The method for automatically generating a tunnel support model according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support template data set and the tunnel centerline data set are extracted and structured through the BIM business platform and stored in a graph database, specifically including the following steps: Extracting and structurally converting the support template data set into a format recognizable by the graph database through the BIM business platform; A top-level node project, a middle-level node Template, and a bottom-level node Entity are created in the graph database, wherein the top-level node project represents the entire support template data set, the middle-level node Template is a child node of the top-level node project, and is used to store different support template data and corresponding codes, and the bottom-level node Entity is a child node of the middle-level node Template, and is used to store the model components and corresponding business codes included in the support template data; The BIM business platform extracts and structurally converts the tunnel centerline data set into a format recognizable by the graph database, stores it in the graph database, and creates a tag ID corresponding to the tunnel centerline data one by one.

4. The method for automatically generating a tunnel support model according to claim 3, characterized in that: The model component includes geometric data of a two-dimensional closed polygon and engineering parameter data, and the geometric data of the model component constitutes a cross-sectional view corresponding to the support template data.

5. The method for automatically generating a tunnel support model according to claim 4, characterized in that: The tunnel centerline data includes tunnel centerline geometry data and pile number data set on the tunnel centerline for positioning.

6. The method for automatically generating a tunnel support model according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surrounding rock section information at least includes the tunnel centerline data tag ID, the pile number data area of ​​each construction section on the tunnel centerline, and the support template data code corresponding to the pile number data area one by one, and the pile number data area includes the pile number data of the starting position and the ending position of each construction section.

7. The method for automatically generating a tunnel support model according to claim 6, characterized in that: The collecting of tunnel location data and corresponding surrounding rock types during the construction process, and updating the surrounding rock section information based on the tunnel location data and the corresponding surrounding rock types, specifically includes the following steps: Collect tunnel location data and corresponding surrounding rock types during construction; Based on the tunnel position data, determine the starting position and the ending position of each construction section of the tunnel, and update the pile number data area of ​​each construction section on the tunnel centerline in the surrounding rock section information according to the starting position and the ending position of each construction section of the tunnel; Based on the surrounding rock type, the support template code of each construction section of the tunnel is determined, and the support template data code in the surrounding rock section information is updated according to the support template code of each construction section of the tunnel.

8. The method for automatically generating a tunnel support model according to claim 7, characterized in that: The matching is performed on the graph database based on the surrounding rock section information to obtain the tunnel centerline data, the positions of each construction section on the tunnel centerline, and the support template data corresponding to the construction section positions, which specifically includes the following steps: Based on the tunnel centerline data tag ID in the surrounding rock section information, matching is performed in the graph database to obtain the tunnel centerline data; Determine the position of each construction section on the tunnel centerline based on the pile number data area of ​​each construction section on the tunnel centerline in the surrounding rock section information; Based on the support template data code corresponding to the pile number data area in the surrounding rock section information, matching is performed in the graph database to obtain the support template data of each construction section.

9. The method for automatically generating a tunnel support model according to claim 8, characterized in that: A three-dimensional tunnel support model is constructed based on the tunnel centerline data, the positions of each construction section on the tunnel centerline, and the support template data corresponding to the construction section positions, specifically including the following steps: Based on the support template data of the construction section on the tunnel centerline, all the model components and corresponding business codes under the support template data are obtained; Based on the geometric data of the model component and the geometric data of the construction section of the tunnel centerline, the model component is swept along the tunnel centerline from the starting position of the construction section to the ending position to form a model component geometry; Traversing all model components under the support template data to form a three-dimensional support model of the construction section; The support template data of each construction section of the tunnel centerline is traversed to form a three-dimensional tunnel support model of the entire tunnel.

10. The method for automatically generating a tunnel support model according to claim 9, characterized in that: The three-dimensional tunnel support model obtains the geometric data and engineering parameter data of the model components of each construction section in the BIM business platform through the model component business coding.

11. A computer device, characterized in that: The method comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, the computer program is configured to be executed by the processor, and the computer program comprises instructions for executing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. A storage medium comprising a computer program / instructions, characterized in that: When the computer program / instructions are executed by a processor, the method for automatically generating a tunnel support model as described in any one of claims 1-10 is implemented.

Images