Vehicle thermal management heat exchange path design method based on temperature sequence

Abstract

The application discloses a vehicle thermal management heat exchange path design method based on a temperature sequence, which comprises the following steps: screening a thermal management demand component, acquiring a best working temperature interval of the component based on test data, calculating a multi-working-condition heat exchange path and heat exchange demand based on the temperature sequence, and designing a heat exchange path based on a cumulative contribution heat exchange amount sequence. The vehicle thermal management heat exchange path design method based on the temperature sequence can guide the design of a high-efficiency and high-integration heat exchange path, and ensure that heat is efficiently utilized or released under various working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle design, and more particularly to a method for designing heat transfer paths for vehicle thermal management based on temperature sequences. Background Technology

[0002] This section provides only background information relevant to this disclosure and is not necessarily prior art.

[0003] With the development of new energy technologies, the integration and complexity of vehicle components have increased significantly. In order to ensure that components are within a reasonable temperature range, avoid potential thermal runaway, and meet the comfort requirements of passengers, thermal management of vehicles is necessary.

[0004] Therefore, establishing a universally applicable thermal management path design method for vehicles with various configurations is an important research direction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The objective of this invention is to at least solve the problem of how to establish a universally applicable thermal management path design method for vehicles with various configurations. This objective is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention proposes a vehicle thermal management heat transfer path design method based on temperature sequence, including:

[0007] Components in a vehicle that have the ability to generate and exchange heat are divided into three categories: Category 1, Category 2, and Category 3. Category 1 components include those that can change the vehicle's motion state and have heat exchange requirements. Category 2 components include the main heat-generating components in the passenger compartment and those that have heat exchange requirements in the passenger compartment. Category 3 components include those that can generate heat exchange and those that can convert electrical energy into heat energy.

[0008] Based on thermal sensitivity, heat flux density, thermal safety, feasibility, and mandatory requirements, each of the first type of component and each of the second type of component is evaluated and scored, and the first type of component and the second type of component with a score greater than a preset value are selected as thermal management components.

[0009] Determine the temperature test range for each of the thermal management components, and divide the temperature test range of each of the thermal management components into multiple temperature intervals;

[0010] Calculate the energy efficiency ratio of each thermal management component in the plurality of temperature ranges, and take the temperature range with the highest energy efficiency ratio as the optimal operating range of the thermal management component;

[0011] Extract loading information and load scene conditions according to the loading information, wherein the loading information includes ambient temperature and speed curves, and the loading information indicates that before the vehicle starts its journey, the temperature of the vehicle's components is consistent and the same as the external environment.

[0012] The characteristic temperature of each thermal management component is calculated based on the scenario conditions, and the characteristic temperatures of all the thermal management components are sorted in descending order according to the characteristic temperatures.

[0013] The state of each thermal management component is determined based on its characteristic temperature and operating range, and the heat exchange power requirement of each thermal management component is calculated.

[0014] The heat exchange paths are determined, including the paths between the thermal management components, the paths between the thermal management components and the third type of component, and the paths between the thermal management components and the environment. All transient optimal heat exchange paths are determined based on the heat exchange power requirement of each thermal management component and the sorting position of the characteristic temperature. The heat exchange power of each thermal management component is determined based on the state, sorting position, and heat exchange power requirement of each thermal management component in each heat exchange path.

[0015] Based on the heat exchange power of all the thermal management components in each heat exchange path, the cumulative heat exchange of each heat exchange path is calculated, the heat exchange paths with a cumulative heat exchange greater than 0 are selected, and the selected heat exchange paths are sorted in descending order according to the cumulative heat exchange to form a cumulative contribution heat exchange path sequence.

[0016] The energy efficiency and simplicity of the total heat exchange path are determined based on the number of heat exchange paths in the selected cumulative contribution heat exchange path sequence and the total number of heat exchange paths in the cumulative contribution heat exchange path sequence.

[0017] The vehicle thermal management heat exchange path design method based on temperature sequence of the present invention can guide the design of high-efficiency and highly integrated heat exchange paths, ensuring that heat is efficiently utilized or released under various operating conditions.

[0018] In some embodiments, the step of evaluating and scoring each of the first type of component and each of the second type of component based on thermal sensitivity, heat flux density, thermal safety, feasibility, and mandatory requirements, and selecting the first type of component and the second type of component with a score greater than a preset value as thermal management components, includes:

[0019] The thermal sensitivity of each first-class component and each second-class component is evaluated based on the degree of influence of temperature on lifespan and functionality, wherein the thermal sensitivity is scored as follows: a score of 1 is given for an influence of less than 5%, a score of 2 is given for an influence of 5% or more but less than 20%, and a score of 3 is given for an influence of 20% or more.

[0020] The heat flux density of each first-type component and each second-type component is evaluated based on the maximum heat flow rate during operation, wherein the heat flux density score includes: the maximum heat flow rate being less than 1 kW / m³. 2 A score of 1 indicates that the maximum heat flow rate is greater than or equal to 1 kW / m³. 2 And less than or equal to 5kW / m 2 The rating is 2, and the maximum heat flow rate is greater than 5 kW / m². 2 The rating is 3;

[0021] The thermal safety of each first-class component and each second-class component is evaluated based on the impact of exceeding the rated temperature range on the overall vehicle safety. The thermal safety score includes: 1 for the vehicle being able to continue driving until the battery is depleted after exceeding the rated temperature range; 2 for the vehicle being able to drive for a short time after exceeding the rated temperature range; and 3 for the vehicle being unable to drive after exceeding the rated temperature range.

[0022] The feasibility of each first-type component and each second-type component is evaluated based on the complexity of heat utilization and the heat exchange power. The complexity score includes: 1 for difficult implementation, 2 for difficult implementation, and 3 for easy implementation. The heat exchange power score includes: 1 for heat exchange power less than 20W, 2 for heat exchange power greater than or equal to 20W and less than 100W, and 3 for heat exchange power greater than or equal to 100W. The feasibility score is the average of the complexity score and the heat exchange power score.

[0023] The implementation of each Class I component and each Class II component shall be evaluated according to national or industry standards, wherein the implementation score includes: a score of 2 for no clearly defined temperature range and a score of 3 for a clearly defined temperature range;

[0024] Using thermal sensitivity, heat flux density, thermal safety, feasibility, and mandatory nature of regulations as evaluation indicators, the weighted one-way score J for each of the first type of component and each of the second type of component is calculated using the following formula. i :

[0025]

[0026] Among them, S i(i = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) represents the score of the i-th evaluation indicator;

[0027] The weighted overall score J for each of the first type of components and each of the second type of components is calculated using the following formula. a :

[0028]

[0029] Among them, S i (i = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) represents the score of the i-th evaluation indicator;

[0030] The final score J for each of the first type of components and each of the second type of components is calculated using the following formula:

[0031]

[0032] The preset value is 0, and the first type of components and the second type of components with a score greater than 0 are selected as the thermal management components.

[0033] In some embodiments, the step of determining the temperature test range of each of the thermal management components and dividing the temperature test range of each of the thermal management components into equal parts to obtain multiple temperature ranges includes:

[0034] The immersion temperature range T is obtained based on the vehicle's energy configuration and national standards. GB ;

[0035] Obtain the rated test temperature range T for each of the thermal management components. st ;

[0036] The temperature test range T for each of the thermal management components is calculated using the following formula. test :

[0037] T test =T GB ∪T st

[0038] The temperature test range of each thermal management component is divided into 10 equal parts according to the following formula to obtain 10 temperature intervals:

[0039]

[0040] Among them, T test,i (k) is the range of the k-th temperature interval of component i, T test,min T represents the minimum value of the temperature testing range. test,max This indicates the maximum value of the temperature test range.

[0041] In some embodiments, the step of calculating the energy efficiency ratio of each of the thermal management components within the plurality of temperature ranges, and using the temperature range with the highest energy efficiency ratio as the optimal operating range of the thermal management component, includes:

[0042] Select a characteristic portion of each of the thermal management components;

[0043] Cool the temperature of the characteristic portion of each of the thermal management components to the minimum value of the temperature test range;

[0044] Each of the thermal management components is tested, and the temperature of the characteristic portion, the discrete instantaneous input power within each temperature range, the discrete instantaneous output power within each temperature range, and the time parameters are recorded.

[0045] The test ends when the temperature of the feature portion reaches the maximum value of the temperature test range, or when the temperature of the feature portion stabilizes.

[0046] The energy efficiency index of each of the thermal management components in each of the temperature ranges is calculated according to the following formula:

[0047]

[0048] Among them, Eff(T) test,i (k) represents the overall energy efficiency of the temperature range described in group k, E i,out (T test,i (k) represents the output energy of the temperature range described in group k, E i,in (T test,i (k) represents the input energy for the k-th temperature range. This represents the discrete instantaneous output power under the k-th temperature range and time t. Let Δt represent the discrete instantaneous input power under the k-th temperature range and time t, where Δt represents the discrete time interval.

[0049] The temperature range T with the highest energy efficiency ratio is obtained using the following formula. test * :

[0050]

[0051] The temperature range T in which the energy efficiency ratio of each of the thermal management components is highest. test * This serves as the optimal operating range for the thermal management component.

[0052] In some embodiments, the step of extracting loading information and loading scene conditions based on the loading information includes ambient temperature and speed curves. The loading information includes the step of ensuring that the temperature of the vehicle's components is consistent with the external environment before the vehicle begins its journey. This step includes:

[0053] Based on the vehicle's energy configuration, obtain the test conditions from the national standard, and load these test conditions as the scenario conditions; and / or,

[0054] Based on historical traffic flow information in the cloud, multiple scenario condition curves are generated, and these scenario condition curves are loaded as the scenario conditions; and / or,

[0055] Based on the user's vehicle usage history information, complete vehicle driving segments are selected and loaded as the scenario conditions.

[0056] In some embodiments, the step of calculating the characteristic temperature of each thermal management component based on the scenario conditions, and sorting all the thermal management components in descending order according to the characteristic temperatures, includes:

[0057] All the thermal management components are divided into multiple first components and multiple second components. The first components include components that can change the vehicle's motion state and have heat exchange requirements. The second components include the main heat-generating components in the passenger compartment and components in the passenger compartment that have heat exchange requirements.

[0058] Calculate the vehicle's acceleration 'a' under the discrete operating condition curve using the following formula. k :

[0059]

[0060] Among them, v k Let v represent the velocity at the k-th discrete point. k-1 Let Δt represent the velocity at the (k-1)th discrete point, and let Δt represent the discrete time interval.

[0061] Calculate the required power P for each wheel end using the following formula. w :

[0062]

[0063] Where m represents the vehicle mass, C r The rolling resistance coefficient is represented by g, and the acceleration due to gravity is represented by v. k Let a represent the velocity at the k-th discrete point. k Let C represent the acceleration at the k-th discrete point, θ represent the slope angle, and C represent the acceleration at the k-th discrete point. dρ represents the drag coefficient, A represents the area of ​​contact between the vehicle and the fluid, ρ represents the vehicle density, and δ represents the rotational mass conversion factor.

[0064] The output power P of each of the first components is calculated according to the following formula. i,out :

[0065]

[0066] Among them, Te i,out n represents the required output torque for the first component. i P represents the output rotational speed of the first component. w For the required power at the wheel end, η i-w (T i ) for at temperature T i Below, during energy transfer from each of the first components to the wheel end, the product of the efficiencies of the first components is i. i-w d represents the product of the speed ratios of the components with speed regulation devices through which energy is transferred from each of the first components to the wheel end. w The diameter of the wheel is represented by π, and v is represented by the mathematical constant pi. k This represents the velocity at the k-th discrete point;

[0067] The input power P of each of the first components is calculated according to the following formula. i,in :

[0068]

[0069] Where, η i (n i ,Te i ,T i This indicates that the component rotates at a speed of n. i Torque is Te i Component characteristic temperature T i The efficiency of the lower;

[0070] The characteristic temperature of each of the first components is calculated according to the following formula:

[0071]

[0072] Among them, T i,k,1 T represents the characteristic temperature of each of the first components at the kth discrete point. i,k-1,1 This represents the characteristic temperature of each of the first components at the (k-1)th discrete point. This represents the heat generation power of each of the first components at the k-th discrete point. The value represents the actual heat transfer power of each of the first components at the kth discrete point, where Δt represents the discrete time interval, m. 1iC represents the mass of the first component. 1i η represents the specific heat capacity of the first component. i (n i ,Te i ,T i This indicates that the component rotates at a speed of n. i Torque is Te i Component characteristic temperature T i The efficiency of the lower;

[0073] Based on the cabin status and design specifications, the heat generation power and heat exchange power of the second component are obtained;

[0074] The characteristic temperature of each of the second components is calculated according to the following formula:

[0075]

[0076] Among them, T i,k,2 T represents the characteristic temperature of each of the second components at the k-th discrete point. i,k-1,2 This represents the characteristic temperature of each of the second components at the (k-1)th discrete point. This represents the heat generation power of each of the second components at the k-th discrete point. m represents the actual heat transfer power of each of the second components at the k-th discrete point. 2i C represents the mass of the second component. 2i The specific heat capacity of the second component is represented by Δt, and the discrete time interval is represented by Δt.

[0077] Based on the characteristic temperatures of all the first components and all the characteristic temperatures of the second components, a temperature sequence T of the thermal management component is formed. k :

[0078] T k =[T 1,k T 2,k T 3,k T 4,k …T i,k ]

[0079] The temperature sequence is sorted in descending order using the following formula to form a descending temperature sequence T. sort :

[0080] T sort =sort(T) k ,′descend′).

[0081] In some embodiments, determining the state of each thermal management component based on its characteristic temperature and operating range, and calculating the heat exchange power requirement of each thermal management component, includes:

[0082] Compare the characteristic temperature of each of the thermal management components with the optimal operating range;

[0083] Based on the characteristic temperature being within the optimal operating range, it is determined that the thermal management component is in an equilibrium state and capable of absorbing and releasing heat. The heat exchange power requirement of the thermal management component is calculated using the following formula:

[0084]

[0085] in, T represents the heat exchange power requirement of the thermal management component. test,max * T is the upper limit of the optimal working range. test,min * This is the lower limit of the optimal working range. The maximum heat dissipation power allowed by the thermal management component. m is the maximum allowable heat absorption power of the thermal management component. i C represents the mass of the thermal management component. i The specific heat capacity of the thermal management component is represented by Δt, which represents the discrete time interval, T. i,k This indicates the characteristic temperature of the thermal management component;

[0086] Based on the characteristic temperature being greater than the upper limit of the optimal operating range, it is determined that the thermal management component has a heat dissipation requirement, and the heat dissipation requirement power of the thermal management component is calculated using the following formula:

[0087]

[0088] in, T represents the heat exchange power requirement of the thermal management component. test,max * This is the upper limit of the optimal working range. m is the maximum allowable heat dissipation power of the thermal management component. i C represents the mass of the thermal management component. i The specific heat capacity of the thermal management component is represented by Δt, which represents the discrete time interval, T. i,k This indicates the characteristic temperature of the thermal management component;

[0089] Based on the fact that the characteristic temperature is less than the lower limit of the optimal operating range, it is determined that the thermal management component has a heat absorption requirement, and the heat release requirement power of the thermal management component is calculated using the following formula:

[0090]

[0091] in, T represents the heat exchange power requirement of the thermal management component. test,min * This is the lower limit of the optimal working range. m is the maximum allowable heat absorption power of the thermal management component. i C represents the mass of the thermal management component. i The specific heat capacity of the thermal management component is represented by Δt, which represents the discrete time interval, T. i,k This indicates the characteristic temperature of the thermal management component.

[0092] In some embodiments, determining the heat exchange path, which includes paths between the thermal management components, paths between the thermal management components and the third type of component, and paths between the thermal management components and the environment, involves determining all transiently optimal heat exchange paths based on the heat exchange power requirement of each thermal management component and its ranking position at the characteristic temperature. The determination of the heat exchange power of each thermal management component is also included based on its state, ranking position, and heat exchange power requirement within each heat exchange path.

[0093] Obtain the position of each of the thermal management components in the descending temperature sequence;

[0094] Determine the state of the thermal management component;

[0095] When the thermal management component has a heat release requirement, determine whether there is a subsequent thermal management component with a heat absorption requirement after the thermal management component in the descending temperature sequence;

[0096] When there is a subsequent thermal management component that has a heat absorption requirement after the thermal management component, the thermal management component releases heat to the subsequent thermal management component that has a heat absorption requirement.

[0097] Based on the heat release power requirement of the thermal management component and the heat absorption power requirement of the subsequent thermal management component with heat absorption requirement, it is determined whether the heat release requirement of the thermal management component can be met.

[0098] When the heat dissipation requirement of the thermal management component cannot be met, or when there is no subsequent thermal management component with heat absorption requirement after the thermal management component, the magnitude of the characteristic temperature of the thermal management component and the ambient temperature is determined.

[0099] When the characteristic temperature of the thermal management component is greater than the ambient temperature, the thermal management component releases heat to the environment.

[0100] When the characteristic temperature of the thermal management component is lower than the ambient temperature, it is determined whether there is a subsequent thermal management component in equilibrium after the thermal management component in the descending temperature sequence.

[0101] When there is a subsequent thermal management component that is in an equilibrium state after the thermal management component, the thermal management component releases heat to the subsequent thermal management component that is in an equilibrium state.

[0102] Based on the heat dissipation power requirement of the thermal management component and the heat exchange power requirement of the subsequent thermal management component which is in a balanced state, it is determined whether the heat dissipation demand of the thermal management component can be met.

[0103] When the heat dissipation demand of the thermal management component cannot be met, or when there is no subsequent thermal management component in equilibrium after the thermal management component, the thermal management component is cooled by the third type of component.

[0104] When the thermal management component has a heat absorption requirement, it is determined whether there is a preceding thermal management component with a heat release requirement before the thermal management component in the descending temperature sequence;

[0105] When there is a preceding thermal management component with a heat release requirement before the thermal management component, the thermal management component absorbs heat from the preceding thermal management component with the heat release requirement.

[0106] Based on the heat release power requirement of the thermal management component and the heat absorption power requirement of the preceding thermal management component, determine whether the heat absorption requirement of the thermal management component can be met.

[0107] When the heat absorption requirement of the thermal management component cannot be met, or there is no preceding thermal management component with heat release requirement before the thermal management component, the magnitude of the characteristic temperature of the thermal management component and the ambient temperature is determined.

[0108] When the characteristic temperature of the thermal management component is lower than the ambient temperature, the thermal management component absorbs heat from the environment.

[0109] When the characteristic temperature of the thermal management component is greater than the ambient temperature, it is determined whether there is a preceding thermal management component in an equilibrium state before the thermal management component in the descending temperature sequence.

[0110] When there is a preceding thermal management component in a state of equilibrium before the thermal management component, the thermal management component absorbs heat from the preceding thermal management component in a state of equilibrium.

[0111] Based on the heat release power requirement of the thermal management component and the heat exchange power requirement of the preceding thermal management component, determine whether the heat absorption requirement of the thermal management component can be met.

[0112] When the heat absorption demand of the thermal management component cannot be met, or when there is no preceding thermal management component in a balanced state before the thermal management component;

[0113] The thermal management component is heated by the third type of component;

[0114] The heat release path of the thermal management component with heat release requirement, the heat absorption path of the thermal management component with heat absorption requirement, and the heat exchange path of the thermal management component in equilibrium state are obtained, and the transient optimal heat exchange path is determined.

[0115] The heat release power of the thermal management component with heat release requirements, the heat absorption power of the thermal management component with heat absorption requirements, and the heat exchange power of the thermal management component in equilibrium are obtained.

[0116] In some embodiments, the step of calculating the cumulative heat transfer of each heat exchange path based on the heat transfer power of all the thermal management components in each heat exchange path, filtering out heat exchange paths with a cumulative heat transfer greater than 0, and sorting the filtered heat exchange paths in descending order according to the cumulative heat transfer to form a cumulative contribution heat exchange path sequence includes:

[0117] The cumulative heat transfer Q for each heat exchange path is calculated using the following formula. i,i+n :

[0118]

[0119] Δt represents the absolute value of the heat exchange power of all the heat management components in each heat exchange path at time k, and Δt represents the discrete time interval.

[0120] The heat transfer paths with a cumulative heat transfer value greater than 0 are selected according to the following formula, and the selected heat transfer paths are sorted in descending order based on the cumulative heat transfer value to obtain the descending cumulative contribution heat transfer path sequence Q. sort :

[0121] Q sort =sort(Q) i,i+n >0,'descend').

[0122] In some embodiments, the step of determining the energy efficiency and simplicity of the total heat exchange path based on the number of heat exchange paths in the selected cumulative contribution heat exchange path sequence and the total number of heat exchange paths in the cumulative contribution heat exchange path sequence includes:

[0123] The heat transfer path retention ratio Per is calculated using the following formula. path :

[0124]

[0125] Where, N all (Q sort N represents the total number of heat transfer paths in the cumulative contribution heat transfer path sequence. n (Q sort ) represents the number of heat exchange paths selected in the cumulative contribution heat exchange path sequence in the total heat exchange path;

[0126] The energy efficiency and simplicity of the total heat exchange path are determined by the heat exchange path retention ratio, wherein the heat exchange path retention ratio is positively correlated with the energy efficiency and negatively correlated with the simplicity. Attached Figure Description

[0127] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0128] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a vehicle thermal management heat exchange path design method based on temperature sequence according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0129] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of some thermal management components and optimal operating range according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0130] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of some thermal management components and heat exchange requirements according to some embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0131] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0132] To address the problem of establishing a universally applicable thermal management path design method for vehicles with various configurations, embodiments of this invention propose a vehicle thermal management heat exchange path design method based on temperature sequences. This method can guide the design of highly efficient and integrated heat exchange paths, ensuring efficient utilization or release of heat under various operating conditions.

[0133] The following describes, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a vehicle thermal management heat exchange path design method based on temperature sequence according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0134] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention proposes a vehicle thermal management heat transfer path design method based on temperature sequence, including:

[0135] S100. Components in a vehicle that have the ability to generate and exchange heat are divided into three categories: Category 1 components, Category 2 components, and Category 3 components. Category 1 components include components that can change the vehicle's motion state and have heat exchange requirements. Category 2 components include the main heat-generating components in the passenger compartment and components in the passenger compartment that have heat exchange requirements. Category 3 components include components that can generate heat exchange and components that can convert electrical energy into heat energy.

[0136] S200. Based on thermal sensitivity, heat flux density, thermal safety, feasibility and mandatory requirements, each Class I component and each Class II component are evaluated and scored, and Class I and Class II components with scores greater than preset values ​​are selected as thermal management components.

[0137] S300. Determine the temperature test range for each thermal management component and divide the temperature test range of each thermal management component into multiple temperature intervals.

[0138] S400 Calculate the energy efficiency ratio of each thermal management component in multiple temperature ranges, and take the temperature range with the highest energy efficiency ratio as the optimal operating range of the thermal management component.

[0139] S500: Extract loading information and load scene conditions based on loading information. Loading information includes ambient temperature and speed curves. In the loading information, before the vehicle starts its journey, the temperature of the vehicle's components is consistent and the same as the external environment.

[0140] S600: Calculate the characteristic temperature of each thermal management component according to the scenario conditions, and sort all the characteristic temperatures of the thermal management components in descending order.

[0141] S700: Determine the status of each thermal management component based on its characteristic temperature and operating range, and calculate the heat exchange power requirement of each thermal management component.

[0142] S800. Determine the heat exchange path, which includes the path between the thermal management components, the path between the thermal management component and the third type of component, and the path between the thermal management component and the environment. Determine all the transient optimal heat exchange paths according to the sorting position of the heat exchange demand power and characteristic temperature of each thermal management component. Determine the heat exchange power of each thermal management component based on the state, sorting position and heat exchange demand power of each thermal management component in each heat exchange path.

[0143] S900. Based on the heat exchange power of all thermal management components in each heat exchange path, calculate the cumulative heat exchange of each heat exchange path, select heat exchange paths with a cumulative heat exchange greater than 0, and sort the selected heat exchange paths in descending order according to the cumulative heat exchange to form a cumulative contribution heat exchange path sequence.

[0144] S1000. Determine the energy efficiency and simplicity of the total heat exchange path based on the number of heat exchange paths in the selected cumulative contribution heat exchange path sequence and the total number of heat exchange paths in the cumulative contribution heat exchange path sequence.

[0145] It should be noted that the vehicle of this invention can be a complete vehicle or a partial vehicle. A complete vehicle refers to a vehicle that already possesses the designed functions and requires no further manufacturing. A partial vehicle refers to a vehicle that consists of at least a frame or other load-bearing structure, a power system, a transmission system, a running system, a steering system, and a braking system, but still requires manufacturing to become a drivable unit of a complete vehicle. The complete vehicle can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, fuel cell vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles. However, the vehicle of this invention does not include three-wheeled vehicles with a curb weight exceeding 400 kg.

[0146] S100. Components in a vehicle that have the ability to generate and exchange heat are classified into three categories: Category 1 components, Category 2 components, and Category 3 components. Category 1 components include components that can change the vehicle's motion state and have heat exchange requirements. Category 2 components include the main heat-generating components in the passenger compartment and components in the passenger compartment that have heat exchange requirements. Category 3 components include components that can generate heat exchange and components that can convert electrical energy into heat energy.

[0147] The functions of the first category of components are related to the drive system. This category includes drive-related components that alter the vehicle's motion state during operation and have heat exchange requirements. The operation of these components typically involves the release of significant heat for their own use or that of other components. Under extreme conditions, these components often require heat exchange to maintain near-optimal performance.

[0148] The second category of components is related to the cabin. This category includes cabin-related components, which contain the main heat-generating and heat-exchange components in the passenger compartment to meet the occupants' driving experience and comfort requirements.

[0149] The third type of component enables the drive and cockpit to operate at their optimal state. This third type includes components that maintain the drive and cockpit in this optimal condition. It comprises heat exchange components and components that convert electrical energy into heat energy. Acting as a bridge for heat transfer, the third type can transfer the heat required by the first and second type components, allowing for mutual utilization of heat. When the heat exchange requirements of the first and second type components cannot be met, the third type can also perform cooling or heating to satisfy their heat exchange needs.

[0150] In the heat exchange path, the third type of components is of higher importance and therefore needs to be retained. The first and second types of components need to be screened to maintain the simplicity of the heat exchange path.

[0151] Therefore, by classifying components in a vehicle that have the ability to generate and exchange heat into Category I, Category II, and Category III components, the difficulty of selecting parts in a vehicle can be reduced.

[0152] As an example, Table 1 exemplarily lists common drive-related components, cabin-related components, and components related to maintaining the drive and cabin in optimal condition in vehicles with different energy configurations. Here, DC (Direct Current) / DC (Direct Current) refers to a DC / DC converter, and PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) refers to a thermistor.

[0153]

[0154] Table 1

[0155] S200. Based on thermal sensitivity, heat flux density, thermal safety, feasibility, and mandatory requirements, each Class I component and each Class II component are evaluated and scored, and Class I and Class II components with scores greater than preset values ​​are selected as thermal management components.

[0156] By evaluating Category I and Category II components based on thermal sensitivity, heat flux density, thermal safety, feasibility, and mandatory requirements, it becomes possible to determine whether each Category I and Category II component needs to be individually included in the thermal management heat transfer path. Screening Category I and Category II components reduces the complexity of the heat transfer path.

[0157] In some embodiments, the step of evaluating and scoring each first-class component and each second-class component based on thermal sensitivity, heat flux density, thermal safety, feasibility, and mandatory requirements, and selecting first-class and second-class components with scores greater than preset values ​​as thermal management components, includes:

[0158] The thermal sensitivity of each Class I component and each Class II component is evaluated based on the degree of temperature impact on lifespan and functionality. The thermal sensitivity scores are as follows: 1 for an impact of less than 5%, 2 for an impact of 5% or more but less than 20%, and 3 for an impact of 20% or more.

[0159] The heat flux density of each Class I component and each Class II component is evaluated based on the maximum heat flow rate during operation. The heat flux density score includes: a maximum heat flow rate less than 1 kW / m³. 2 A rating of 1 indicates a maximum heat flow rate greater than or equal to 1 kW / m³. 2 And less than or equal to 5kW / m 2 The rating is 2, and the maximum heat flow rate is greater than 5 kW / m². 2 The rating is 3;

[0160] The thermal safety of each Category I component and each Category II component is evaluated based on the impact of exceeding the rated temperature range on the overall vehicle safety. The thermal safety rating includes: 1 for the vehicle being able to continue driving until the battery is depleted after exceeding the rated temperature range; 2 for the vehicle being able to drive for a short time after exceeding the rated temperature range; and 3 for the vehicle being unable to drive after exceeding the rated temperature range.

[0161] The feasibility of each Class I component and each Class II component is evaluated based on the complexity of heat utilization and the heat exchange power. The complexity score includes: 1 for difficult implementation, 2 for difficult implementation, and 3 for easy implementation. The heat exchange power score includes: 1 for heat exchange power less than 20W, 2 for heat exchange power greater than or equal to 20W and less than 100W, and 3 for heat exchange power greater than or equal to 100W. The feasibility score is the average of the complexity score and the heat exchange power score.

[0162] The implementation of the specifications for each Category I component and each Category II component is evaluated according to national or industry standards. The implementation score includes: a score of 2 for no clearly specified temperature range and a score of 3 for a clearly specified temperature range. For example, GB / T 38661-2020 specifies that the operating temperature of the battery is -20℃ to 65℃.

[0163] Using thermal sensitivity, heat flux density, thermal safety, feasibility, and mandatory nature of regulations as evaluation indicators, the weighted one-way score J for each Category I component and each Category II component is calculated using the following formula. i :

[0164]

[0165] Among them, S i (i = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) represents the score of the i-th evaluation indicator;

[0166] The weighted overall score J for each Category I component and each Category II component is calculated using the following formula. a :

[0167]

[0168] Among them, S i (i = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) represents the score of the i-th evaluation indicator;

[0169] The final score J for each Class I component and each Class II component is calculated using the following formula:

[0170]

[0171] The default value is 0. First-class and second-class components with scores greater than 0 are selected as thermal management components.

[0172] Table 2 provides an example of how to score Class I and Class II components based on thermal sensitivity, heat flux density, thermal safety, feasibility, and mandatory requirements.

[0173]

[0174] Table 2

[0175] Thermal sensitivity, heat flux density, thermal safety, feasibility, and mandatory requirements can be used as the i-th evaluation index in any order. For example, the first evaluation index can be thermal sensitivity, heat flux density, thermal safety, etc.

[0176] Taking thermal sensitivity as the first evaluation indicator as an example, that is, S1 is the score of thermal sensitivity, in the formula In the above, if S1 is 1 or 2, then J1 is 0; if S1 is 3, then J1 is 1.

[0177] In the formula If the cumulative score of each evaluation indicator is less than 8, then J a If the cumulative score of each evaluation indicator is greater than or equal to 8, then J is 0. a The value is 1.

[0178] Through formula It can calculate the final total score to determine whether each Category 1 component and each Category 2 component needs to be included in the thermal management heat exchange path separately, thereby reducing the complexity of the heat exchange path.

[0179] S300. Determine the temperature test range for each thermal management component and divide the temperature test range of each thermal management component into multiple temperature ranges.

[0180] The operating temperature range of each thermal management component may be large, and the optimal operating range may differ between different thermal management components. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the temperature test range of each thermal management component individually and divide the temperature test range equally to obtain multiple temperature ranges, so as to find the optimal operating range from the temperature ranges in subsequent steps.

[0181] In some embodiments, the step of determining the temperature test range of each thermal management component and dividing the temperature test range of each thermal management component into equal parts to obtain multiple temperature ranges includes:

[0182] The immersion temperature range T is obtained based on the vehicle's energy configuration and national standards. GB ;

[0183] Obtain the rated test temperature range T for each thermal management component. st ;

[0184] The temperature test range T for each thermal management component is calculated using the following formula. test :

[0185] T test =T GB ∪T st

[0186] T GB ∪T st Indicates T GB and T st Take the union.

[0187] The temperature test range of each thermal management component is divided into 10 equal parts and 10 temperature intervals are obtained according to the following formula:

[0188]

[0189] Among them, T test,i (k) represents the temperature range of component i in the k-th temperature interval, T test,min T represents the minimum value of the temperature testing range. test,max This indicates the maximum value of the temperature test range.

[0190] This embodiment enables the individual determination of the temperature test range for each thermal management component, and the temperature test range is divided equally to obtain multiple temperature intervals, so as to find the optimal operating interval from the temperature intervals through subsequent steps.

[0191] Table 3 illustrates, for example, the immersion temperature range (T) under national testing standards for some energy configurations of vehicles. GB .

[0192]

[0193]

[0194] Table 3

[0195] S400 Calculate the energy efficiency ratio of each thermal management component in multiple temperature ranges, and take the temperature range with the highest energy efficiency ratio as the optimal operating range of the thermal management component.

[0196] By calculating the energy efficiency ratio (EER) within each temperature range, the temperature range with the highest EER is obtained, and this range is taken as the optimal operating range. When the thermal management component is within its optimal operating range, it is in a transient optimal state.

[0197] By obtaining the optimal operating range of the thermal management component, we can determine the temperature range within which the thermal management component is in its transient optimal state, which facilitates calculations in subsequent steps.

[0198] In some embodiments, the step of calculating the energy efficiency ratio of each thermal management component across multiple temperature ranges and selecting the temperature range with the highest energy efficiency ratio as the optimal operating range for the thermal management component includes:

[0199] Select the characteristic parts of each thermal management component;

[0200] Cool the temperature of the characteristic portion of each thermal management component to the minimum of the temperature test range;

[0201] Each thermal management component was tested, and the temperature of the characteristic part, the discrete instantaneous input power in each temperature range, the discrete instantaneous output power in each temperature range, and the time parameters were recorded.

[0202] The test ends when the temperature of the feature portion reaches the maximum value of the temperature test range, or when the temperature of the feature portion stabilizes.

[0203] The energy efficiency index of each thermal management component in each temperature range is calculated using the following formula:

[0204]

[0205] Among them, Eff(T)test,i (k) represents the overall energy efficiency of the k-th temperature range, E i,out (T test,i (k) represents the output energy of the k-th temperature range, E i,in (T test,i (k) represents the input energy for the k-th temperature range. This represents the discrete instantaneous output power under the k-th temperature range and time t. Let Δt represent the discrete instantaneous input power under the k-th temperature range and time t, where Δt represents the discrete time interval.

[0206] The temperature range T with the highest energy efficiency ratio can be obtained using the following formula. test * :

[0207]

[0208] The temperature range T where each thermal management component has the highest energy efficiency ratio test * This is the optimal operating range for thermal management components.

[0209] Thermal management components operate in a non-steady-state process, and different parts of the thermal management component have different problems. Therefore, representative parts of the thermal management component are selected as characteristic parts, and the temperature of the characteristic parts is used to measure the temperature of the thermal management component. For example, the chip surface is used as the characteristic part of the computing chip, the stator is used as the characteristic part of the electric drive system, and the battery cell is used as the characteristic part of the power battery.

[0210] This embodiment enables the calculation of the energy efficiency ratio of each thermal management component across multiple temperature ranges, thereby selecting the optimal operating range.

[0211] In some specific embodiments, the input and output power of the thermal management component operating in the form of chemical energy is calculated using the following formula:

[0212]

[0213] in The heat release power of fuel combustion, To test volumetric flow rate, LHV i To test the low calorific value of the fuel.

[0214] The input and output power of the thermal management component, which operates in the form of mechanical energy, can be calculated using the following formula:

[0215]

[0216] The input and output power of the thermal management component operating in the form of electrical energy is calculated using the following formula:

[0217]

[0218] in For electrical power, U i For testing voltage, I i Test current for components.

[0219] The chip's computing power is calculated using the following formula:

[0220] FLOPS = FLOPS s ×N where FLOPS is the total computing power of the chip. s

[0221] This embodiment enables the calculation of the input and output power of thermal management components under various operating conditions, thereby facilitating the calculation of the discrete instantaneous output power of the thermal management components within each temperature range.

[0222] S500: Extract loading information and load scene conditions based on the loading information. The loading information includes ambient temperature and speed curves. The loading information indicates that before the vehicle starts its journey, the temperature of the vehicle's components is consistent and the same as the external environment.

[0223] Before the vehicle begins its journey, the temperature of the vehicle's components is uniform and the same as the external environment, which enables the initial temperature of the thermal management components to be controllable, so as to facilitate the calculation of the characteristic temperature of the thermal management components.

[0224] By including ambient temperature and speed curves in the loaded information, the load on the thermal management components can be discretized, thereby reducing the difficulty of calculating the characteristic temperature of the thermal management components.

[0225] In some embodiments, loading information is extracted, and scene conditions are loaded based on the loading information. The loading information includes ambient temperature and speed curves. The loading information includes the step of ensuring that the temperatures of the vehicle's components are consistent with the external environment before the vehicle begins its journey, which includes:

[0226] Based on the vehicle's energy configuration, obtain the test conditions from national standards and load them as scenario conditions; and / or,

[0227] Based on historical traffic flow information from the cloud, multiple scenario-specific curves are generated, and these curves are loaded as scenario-specific conditions; and / or,

[0228] Based on the user's vehicle usage history, complete driving segments of the vehicle are selected and loaded as scene conditions.

[0229] Based on the vehicle's energy configuration, the system obtains test conditions from national standards, generates multiple scenario condition curves based on cloud-based traffic flow history information, and filters complete vehicle driving segments based on user vehicle usage history information. All of these methods enable the extracted information loaded as scenario conditions to include ambient temperature and speed curves. Furthermore, the system ensures that the temperature of the vehicle's components is consistent with the external environment before the vehicle begins its journey, thereby reducing the difficulty of calculating the characteristic temperatures of thermal management components.

[0230] As an example, the test conditions in the national standard can be found in Table 3.

[0231] S600: Calculate the characteristic temperature of each thermal management component according to the scenario conditions, and sort all the characteristic temperatures of the thermal management components in descending order.

[0232] According to the second law of thermodynamics, heat cannot spontaneously transfer from a low-temperature object to a high-temperature object. By sorting the characteristic temperatures of all thermal management components in descending order, the heat flow sequence between the heat pipe components can be preliminarily determined, which facilitates the design of the heat exchange path in subsequent steps.

[0233] In some embodiments, the step of calculating the characteristic temperature of each thermal management component based on the scenario conditions and sorting all thermal management components in descending order according to the characteristic temperatures includes:

[0234] All thermal management components are divided into multiple first components and multiple second components. The first components include components that can change the vehicle's motion state and have heat exchange requirements, while the second components include the main heat-generating components in the passenger compartment and components in the passenger compartment that have heat exchange requirements.

[0235] Calculate the vehicle's acceleration 'a' under the discrete operating condition curve using the following formula. k :

[0236]

[0237] Among them, v k Let v represent the velocity at the k-th discrete point. k-1 Let Δt represent the velocity at the (k-1)th discrete point, and let Δt represent the discrete time interval.

[0238] Calculate the required power P for each wheel end using the following formula. w :

[0239]

[0240] Where m represents the vehicle mass, C r The rolling resistance coefficient is represented by g, and the acceleration due to gravity is represented by v. kLet a represent the velocity at the k-th discrete point. k Let C represent the acceleration at the k-th discrete point, θ represent the slope angle, and C represent the acceleration at the k-th discrete point. d ρ represents the drag coefficient, A represents the area of ​​contact between the vehicle and the fluid, ρ represents the vehicle density, and δ represents the rotational mass conversion factor.

[0241] The output power P of each first component is calculated according to the following formula. i,out :

[0242]

[0243] Among them, Te i,out n represents the required output torque for the first component. i P represents the output speed of the first component. w For the required power at the wheel end, η i-w (T i ) for at temperature T i Below, during energy transfer from each first component to the wheel end, the product of the efficiencies of the first components is i. i-w d represents the product of the speed ratios of the components with speed regulation as energy is transferred from each first component to the wheel end. w The diameter of the wheel is represented by π, and v is represented by the mathematical constant pi. k This represents the velocity at the k-th discrete point;

[0244] The input power P of each first component is calculated according to the following formula. i,in :

[0245]

[0246] Where, η i (n i ,Te i ,T i This indicates that the component rotates at a speed of n. i Torque is Te i Component characteristic temperature T i The efficiency of the lower;

[0247] The characteristic temperature of each first component is calculated using the following formula:

[0248]

[0249] Among them, T i,k,1 T represents the characteristic temperature of each first component at the k-th discrete point. i,k-1,1 This represents the characteristic temperature of each first component at the (k-1)th discrete point. This represents the heat generation power of each first component at the k-th discrete point. The value represents the actual heat transfer power of each first component at the k-th discrete point, where Δt represents the discrete time interval, m. 1i C represents the mass of the first component. 1i η represents the specific heat capacity of the first component. i (n i ,Te i ,T i This indicates that the component rotates at a speed of n. i Torque is Te i Component characteristic temperature T i The efficiency of the lower;

[0250] Based on the cabin status and design specifications, obtain the heat generation and heat exchange power of the second component;

[0251] The characteristic temperature of each second component is calculated using the following formula:

[0252]

[0253] Among them, T i,k,2 T represents the characteristic temperature of each second component at the k-th discrete point. i,k-1,2 This represents the characteristic temperature of each second component at the (k-1)th discrete point. This represents the heat generation power of each second component at the k-th discrete point. m represents the actual heat transfer power of each second component at the k-th discrete point. 2i C represents the mass of the second component. 2i The specific heat capacity of the second component is represented by Δt, and the discrete time interval is represented by Δt.

[0254] Based on the characteristic temperatures of all the first components and all the characteristic temperatures of the second components, a temperature sequence T for the thermal management components is formed. k :

[0255] T k =[T 1,k T 2,k T 3,k T 4,k …T i,k ]

[0256] The temperature series is sorted in descending order using the following formula to form a descending temperature series T. sort :

[0257] T sort =sort(T) k ,′descend′).

[0258] By dividing all thermal management components into multiple first components and multiple second components, the characteristic temperature can be calculated through the working modes of the first and second components, thereby simplifying the calculation of the characteristic temperature.

[0259] S700: Determine the status of each thermal management component based on its characteristic temperature and operating range, and calculate the heat exchange power requirement of each thermal management component.

[0260] This embodiment can further determine the heat flow sequence between heat pipe components, which will further facilitate the design of the heat exchange path in subsequent steps.

[0261] In some embodiments, determining the state of each thermal management component based on its characteristic temperature and operating range, and calculating the heat exchange power requirement of each thermal management component, includes:

[0262] Compare the characteristic temperature of each thermal management component with its optimal operating range;

[0263] Based on the characteristic temperature being within the optimal operating range, it is determined that the thermal management component is in equilibrium and capable of absorbing and releasing heat. The heat exchange power requirement of the thermal management component is calculated using the following formula:

[0264]

[0265] in, T represents the heat exchange power required by the thermal management components. test,max * T is the upper limit of the optimal working range. test,min * This represents the lower limit of the optimal working range. The maximum heat dissipation power allowed by the thermal management components, m is the maximum allowable heat absorption power of the thermal management component. i C represents the mass of the thermal management component. i T represents the specific heat capacity of the thermal management component, Δt represents the discrete time interval. i,k Indicates the characteristic temperature of the thermal management component;

[0266] Based on the characteristic temperature being greater than the upper limit of the optimal operating range, it is determined that the thermal management component has a heat dissipation requirement. The heat dissipation power requirement of the thermal management component is calculated using the following formula:

[0267]

[0268] in, T represents the heat exchange power required by the thermal management components. test,max * This is the upper limit of the optimal working range. For the maximum allowable heat dissipation power of the thermal management components, m i C represents the mass of the thermal management component. i T represents the specific heat capacity of the thermal management component, Δt represents the discrete time interval. i,k Indicates the characteristic temperature of the thermal management component;

[0269] Based on the characteristic temperature being lower than the lower limit of the optimal operating range, it is determined that the thermal management component has a heat absorption requirement. The heat release requirement power of the thermal management component is calculated using the following formula:

[0270]

[0271] in, T represents the heat exchange power required by the thermal management components. test,min * This represents the lower limit of the optimal working range. m is the maximum allowable heat absorption power of the thermal management component. i C represents the mass of the thermal management component. i T represents the specific heat capacity of the thermal management component, Δt represents the discrete time interval. i,k This indicates the characteristic temperature of the thermal management component.

[0272] This embodiment enables the determination of the status of each thermal management component and the calculation of the heat exchange power of each thermal management component. This allows for the determination of the heat flow sequence between the heat pipe components and facilitates the design of the heat exchange path in subsequent steps.

[0273] S800. Determine the heat exchange path, which includes the path between the thermal management components, the path between the thermal management component and the third type of component, and the path between the thermal management component and the environment. Determine all the transient optimal heat exchange paths according to the sorting position of the heat exchange demand power and characteristic temperature of each thermal management component. Determine the heat exchange power of each thermal management component based on the state, sorting position and heat exchange demand power of each thermal management component in each heat exchange path.

[0274] The heat exchange path of a thermal management component can be a heat exchange path between thermal management components or a heat exchange path between a thermal management component and the environment.

[0275] Determining the heat exchange power of each thermal management component facilitates the evaluation of the heat exchange path in subsequent steps.

[0276] In some embodiments, heat exchange paths are determined, including paths between the thermal management components, paths between the thermal management components and the third type of component, and paths between the thermal management components and the environment. All transiently optimal heat exchange paths are determined based on the sorting position of the heat exchange power demand and characteristic temperature of each thermal management component. The heat exchange power of each thermal management component is determined based on its state, sorting position, and heat exchange power demand in each heat exchange path, including:

[0277] Obtain the position of each thermal management component in the descending temperature sequence;

[0278] Determine the condition of the thermal management components;

[0279] When a thermal management component has a heat release requirement, determine whether there is a subsequent thermal management component with a heat absorption requirement after the thermal management component in the descending temperature sequence.

[0280] When there is a subsequent thermal management component that has a heat absorption requirement after the thermal management component, the thermal management component releases heat to the subsequent thermal management component that has a heat absorption requirement.

[0281] Based on the heat release power requirement of the thermal management component and the heat absorption power requirement of the subsequent thermal management component with heat absorption requirement, determine whether the heat release requirement of the thermal management component can be met.

[0282] When the heat dissipation demand of the thermal management component cannot be met, or when there is no subsequent thermal management component with heat absorption demand after the thermal management component, determine the magnitude of the characteristic temperature of the thermal management component relative to the ambient temperature.

[0283] When the characteristic temperature of the thermal management component is greater than the ambient temperature, the thermal management component releases heat to the environment;

[0284] When the characteristic temperature of the thermal management component is lower than the ambient temperature, determine whether there is a subsequent thermal management component in the descending temperature sequence that is in an equilibrium state.

[0285] When there is a subsequent thermal management component that is in equilibrium after the thermal management component, the thermal management component releases heat to the subsequent thermal management component that is in equilibrium.

[0286] Based on the heat dissipation power demand of the thermal management component and the heat exchange power demand of the subsequent thermal management component which is in equilibrium, determine whether the heat dissipation demand of the thermal management component can be met.

[0287] When the heat dissipation demand of the thermal management component cannot be met, or when there is no subsequent thermal management component in equilibrium after the thermal management component, the thermal management component is cooled by a third type of component.

[0288] When a thermal management component has a heat absorption requirement, determine whether there is a preceding thermal management component with a heat release requirement before the thermal management component in the descending temperature sequence;

[0289] When there is a preceding thermal management component with heat release requirement before the thermal management component, the thermal management component absorbs heat from the preceding thermal management component with heat release requirement.

[0290] Based on the heat release power requirement of the thermal management component and the heat absorption power requirement of the preceding thermal management component, determine whether the heat absorption requirement of the thermal management component can be met.

[0291] When the heat absorption demand of the thermal management component cannot be met, or there is no preceding thermal management component with heat release demand, determine the magnitude of the characteristic temperature of the thermal management component relative to the ambient temperature.

[0292] When the characteristic temperature of the thermal management component is lower than the ambient temperature, the thermal management component absorbs heat from the environment.

[0293] When the characteristic temperature of the thermal management component is greater than the ambient temperature, determine whether there is a preceding thermal management component in an equilibrium state before the thermal management component in the descending temperature sequence.

[0294] When there is a preceding thermal management component in a state of equilibrium before the thermal management component, the thermal management component absorbs heat from the preceding thermal management component in a state of equilibrium.

[0295] Based on the heat release power requirement of the thermal management component and the heat exchange power requirement of the preceding thermal management component, determine whether the heat absorption requirement of the thermal management component can be met.

[0296] When the heat absorption demand of the thermal management component cannot be met, or when there is no preceding thermal management component in equilibrium, the thermal management component is heated by a third type of component.

[0297] The heat release path of the thermal management component with heat release requirement, the heat absorption path of the thermal management component with heat absorption requirement, and the heat exchange path of the thermal management component in equilibrium state are obtained, and the transient optimal heat exchange path is determined.

[0298] The heat release power of the thermal management component with heat release requirements, the heat absorption power of the thermal management component with heat absorption requirements, and the heat exchange power of the thermal management component in equilibrium are obtained.

[0299] Heat management components with heat release requirements preferentially release heat to subsequent heat management components with heat absorption requirements in the descending temperature sequence, thereby improving the heat utilization rate in the heat exchange path. When the heat release requirement of a heat management component cannot be met, or when there is no subsequent heat management component with heat absorption requirements, the heat management component releases heat to the environment. When a heat management component cannot release heat to the environment, it releases heat to subsequent heat management components in equilibrium. When the heat release requirement of a heat management component cannot be met, or when there is no subsequent heat management component in equilibrium, a third type of component cools the heat management component to meet its heat release requirement, thus bringing the heat management component to its transient optimal state.

[0300] Thermal management components with heat absorption needs preferentially absorb heat from preceding thermal management components with heat release needs in a descending temperature sequence, thereby improving heat utilization in the heat exchange path. When the heat absorption needs of a thermal management component cannot be met, or when there is no preceding thermal management component with heat release needs, the thermal management component absorbs heat from the environment. When the thermal management component cannot absorb heat from the environment, it releases heat to a preceding thermal management component in equilibrium. When the heat absorption needs of a thermal management component cannot be met, or when there is no preceding thermal management component in equilibrium, a third type of component heats the thermal management component, thereby bringing it to a transient optimal state.

[0301] Specifically, by loading the scene conditions to obtain the heat exchange path, the workload of obtaining the heat exchange path can be reduced, thereby reducing the difficulty of obtaining the heat exchange path.

[0302] Figure 3 The horizontal axis represents the thermal management components and environment arranged in descending order of characteristic temperature, with the engine having the highest characteristic temperature and component D having the lowest. Both the reducer and component B have heat absorption and release requirements, indicating that both are in a state of equilibrium.

[0303] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, as examples, the engine has a heat absorption requirement, but the engine's characteristic temperature is high, it does not have a preceding thermal management component, and the ambient temperature is lower than the engine's characteristic temperature. Therefore, the engine is heated by a third type of component.

[0304] The computing chip has heat dissipation requirements, and it also has downstream thermal management components that need heat absorption: the power battery and the drive motor. The computing chip can dissipate heat to the power battery and the drive motor. If the power battery and the drive motor cannot meet the cooling requirements of the computing chip, since the ambient temperature is lower than the characteristic temperature of the computing chip, the computing chip can also dissipate heat to the environment. In addition, the computing chip can also dissipate heat to component B.

[0305] Both the power battery and the drive motor have heat absorption requirements, and both have a preceding thermal management component that has heat dissipation requirements: the computing chip. The power battery and drive motor can absorb heat from the computing chip. When the heat dissipation requirement of the computing chip cannot meet the heat absorption requirement of the power battery and drive motor, there is another preceding thermal management component in a balanced state: the reducer. The power battery and drive motor can absorb heat from the reducer. When the heat dissipation requirement of the reducer cannot meet the heat absorption requirement of the power battery and drive motor, a third type of component heats the power battery and drive motor.

[0306] Component A has a heat release requirement. Component A does not have any subsequent thermal management components with a heat absorption requirement, but it does have a subsequent thermal management component, component B, in an equilibrium state. Component A can release heat to component B. Because the characteristic temperature of component A is lower than the ambient temperature, when component B cannot meet the heat release requirement of component A, cooling is provided to component A through a third type of component.

[0307] Components C and D have heat release requirements. Neither component C nor component D has any subsequent thermal management components with heat absorption requirements, nor is there any subsequent thermal management component in equilibrium. Furthermore, the characteristic temperatures of components C and D are both lower than the ambient temperature. Therefore, cooling is provided to components C and D through a third type of component.

[0308] In summary, the optimal transient heat transfer paths include: engine - third type of component, computing chip - power battery, computing chip - drive motor, computing chip - environment, computing chip - component B, component A - component B, component C - third type of component, and component D - third type of component.

[0309] When the heat dissipation demand of the computing chip cannot meet the heat absorption demand of the power battery, there is a transient optimal heat exchange path: power battery - reducer. When the heat dissipation demand of the reducer cannot meet the heat absorption demand of the power battery, there is a transient optimal heat exchange path: power battery - third type of component.

[0310] When the heat dissipation demand of the computing chip cannot meet the heat absorption demand of the drive motor, there is still a transient optimal heat exchange path: drive motor - reducer. When the heat dissipation demand of the reducer cannot meet the heat absorption demand of the drive motor, there is still a transient optimal heat exchange path: drive motor - third type of component.

[0311] When the heat absorption demand of component B cannot meet the heat release demand of component A, there is still a transient optimal heat exchange path: component A - third type of component.

[0312] S900. Based on the heat exchange power of all thermal management components in each heat exchange path, calculate the cumulative heat exchange of each heat exchange path, select heat exchange paths with a cumulative heat exchange greater than 0, and sort the selected heat exchange paths in descending order according to the cumulative heat exchange to form a cumulative contribution heat exchange path sequence.

[0313] A cumulative heat transfer value greater than 0 indicates that the heat exchange path has been activated. The larger the cumulative heat transfer value of the heat exchange path, the more important the heat exchange path is. The selected heat exchange paths are sorted in descending order according to the cumulative heat transfer value to form a cumulative contribution heat exchange path sequence, which can intuitively reflect the importance of the heat exchange path and facilitate the design of the overall heat exchange path.

[0314] In some embodiments, the steps of calculating the cumulative heat transfer of each heat exchange path based on the heat transfer power of all thermal management components in each heat exchange path, selecting heat exchange paths with a cumulative heat transfer greater than 0, and sorting the selected heat exchange paths in descending order according to the cumulative heat transfer to form a cumulative contribution heat exchange path sequence include:

[0315] The cumulative heat transfer Q for each heat exchange path is calculated using the following formula. i,i+n :

[0316]

[0317] Δt represents the absolute value of the heat exchange power of all thermal management components in each heat exchange path at time k, and Δt represents the discrete time interval.

[0318] Heat transfer paths with a cumulative heat transfer value greater than 0 are selected using the following formula. These selected paths are then sorted in descending order based on their cumulative heat transfer value, resulting in a descending sequence of cumulative contribution heat transfer paths, Q. sort :

[0319] Q sort =sort(Q) i,i+n >0,'descend').

[0320] This embodiment can calculate the cumulative heat exchange of each heat exchange path, filter out heat exchange paths with a cumulative heat exchange greater than 0, and sort the filtered heat exchange paths in descending order according to the cumulative heat exchange, thereby intuitively reflecting the importance of the heat exchange paths, so as to facilitate the design of the overall heat exchange path.

[0321] S1000. Based on the number of heat exchange paths in the selected cumulative contribution heat exchange path sequence and the total number of heat exchange paths in the cumulative contribution heat exchange path sequence, determine the energy efficiency and simplicity of the overall heat exchange path. Simplicity is used to indicate the complexity of the overall heat exchange path.

[0322] This embodiment allows for the evaluation of the energy efficiency and simplicity of the overall heat exchange path, thereby facilitating the design of the overall heat exchange path based on energy efficiency and simplicity.

[0323] In some embodiments, the step of determining the energy efficiency and simplicity of the total heat transfer path based on the number of heat transfer paths in the selected cumulative contribution heat transfer path sequence and the total number of heat transfer paths in the cumulative contribution heat transfer path sequence includes:

[0324] The heat transfer path retention ratio Per is calculated using the following formula. path :

[0325]

[0326] Where, N all (Q sort N represents the total number of heat transfer paths in the cumulative heat transfer path sequence. n (Q sort This indicates the number of heat transfer paths selected in the cumulative contribution heat transfer path sequence in the total heat transfer path;

[0327] The energy efficiency and simplicity of the total heat exchange path are determined by the heat exchange path retention ratio. The heat exchange path retention ratio is positively correlated with energy efficiency and negatively correlated with simplicity.

[0328] This embodiment calculates the heat exchange path retention ratio to evaluate the energy efficiency and simplicity of the overall heat exchange path, thereby facilitating the design of the overall heat exchange path based on energy efficiency and simplicity.

[0329] As examples, Table 4 illustrates the energy efficiency and simplicity under different heat transfer path retention ratios.

[0330]

[0331]

[0332] Table 4

[0333] Furthermore, make N M (Q sort The number of the top n heat exchange paths in the cumulative contribution heat exchange path sequence selected in the total heat exchange path is used to make the replacement heat path retention ratio more consistent with the actual design, so as to more accurately assess energy efficiency and ease of use.

[0334] The vehicle thermal management heat exchange path design method based on temperature sequence of the present invention can guide the design of high-efficiency and highly integrated heat exchange paths, ensuring that heat is efficiently utilized or released under various operating conditions.

[0335] It should be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “described” as used herein may also include the plural forms. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “containing,” and “having” are inclusive and therefore indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not construed as requiring them to be performed in a particular order described or illustrated unless the order of performance is explicitly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0336] Although terms such as first, second, third, etc., may be used in this document to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be used only to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or segment from another. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms used herein do not imply order or sequence. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer, or segment discussed below may be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer, or segment without departing from the teachings of the exemplary embodiments.

[0337] For ease of description, spatial relative terms may be used in the text to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to another element or feature, as shown in the figure. These relative terms include, for example, "inside," "outside," "middle," "outer," "below," "below," "above," "over," etc. Such spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation, other than those depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, an element described as "below other elements or features" or "below other elements or features" would subsequently be oriented as "above other elements or features" or "above other elements or features." Therefore, the example term "below" can include both upper and lower orientations. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or in other directions), and the spatial relative descriptors used in the text will be interpreted accordingly.

[0338] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above may include multiple steps or multiple stages. These steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the steps or stages of other steps.

[0339] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A temperature sequence-based vehicle thermal management heat exchange path design method, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: dividing components in a vehicle having heat generation and heat exchange capacity into first, second and third categories, wherein the first category includes components capable of changing the motion state of the vehicle and having heat exchange requirements, the second category includes main heat generating components in the passenger cabin and components in the passenger cabin having heat exchange requirements, and the third category includes components capable of generating heat exchange and components capable of converting electrical energy into heat energy; evaluating and scoring each of the first and second categories according to thermal sensitivity, heat flux density, thermal safety, implementability and mandatory requirements, and screening the first and second categories with scores greater than a preset value as thermal management components; determining the temperature test range of each of the thermal management components, and equally dividing the temperature test range of each of the thermal management components to obtain a plurality of temperature intervals; calculating the energy efficiency ratio of each of the thermal management components in the plurality of temperature intervals, and taking the temperature interval with the highest energy efficiency ratio as the optimal working interval of the thermal management component; extracting loading information, and loading a scene working condition according to the loading information, wherein the loading information includes ambient temperature and speed curve, and in the loading information, the temperature of the components of the vehicle is consistent and the same as the external environment before the vehicle starts the trip; calculating the characteristic temperature of each of the thermal management components according to the scene working condition, and sorting the characteristic temperatures of all the thermal management components in descending order according to the characteristic temperatures; judging the state of each of the thermal management components and calculating the heat exchange requirement power of each of the thermal management components according to the characteristic temperature and the working interval of each of the thermal management components; determining heat exchange paths, wherein the heat exchange paths include paths between the thermal management components, paths between the thermal management components and the third category components, and paths between the thermal management components and the environment, determining all transient optimal heat exchange paths according to the heat exchange requirement power and the sorting position of the characteristic temperature of each of the thermal management components, and determining the heat exchange power of each of the thermal management components based on the state, sorting position and heat exchange requirement power of each of the thermal management components in each of the heat exchange paths; calculating the cumulative heat exchange amount of each of the heat exchange paths according to the heat exchange power of all the thermal management components in each of the heat exchange paths, screening the heat exchange paths with cumulative heat exchange amount greater than 0, and descendingly sorting the screened heat exchange paths in descending order according to the cumulative heat exchange amount to form a cumulative contribution heat exchange path sequence; determining the energy efficiency and simplicity of the total heat exchange path according to the number of heat exchange paths in the selected cumulative contribution heat exchange path sequence and the total number of heat exchange paths in the cumulative contribution heat exchange path sequence; the step of determining the energy efficiency and simplicity of the total heat exchange path according to the number of heat exchange paths in the selected cumulative contribution heat exchange path sequence and the total number of heat exchange paths in the cumulative contribution heat exchange path sequence comprises: The heat exchange path retention ratio is calculated by the following equation : wherein, represents the number of heat exchange paths in the selected sequence of cumulatively contributing heat exchange paths in the total heat exchange path, represents the number of heat exchange paths in the selected sequence of cumulatively contributing heat exchange paths in the total heat exchange path; The heat exchange path retention ratio is determined to determine the energy efficiency and simplicity of the total heat exchange path, wherein the heat exchange path retention ratio is positively correlated with the energy efficiency, and the heat exchange path retention ratio is negatively correlated with the simplicity.

2. The temperature sequence based vehicle thermal management heat exchange path design method of claim 1, wherein, The step of evaluating and scoring each of the first type of components and each of the second type of components according to heat sensitivity, heat flow density, heat safety, implementability, and mandatory implementation, and screening the first type of components and the second type of components with scores greater than a preset value as the thermal management components, comprises: The heat sensitivity of each of the first type of components and each of the second type of components is evaluated according to the degree of influence of temperature on service life and functionality, wherein the score of the heat sensitivity includes: 1 for the degree of influence less than 5%, 2 for the degree of influence greater than or equal to 5% and less than 20%, and 3 for the degree of influence greater than or equal to 20%; The heat flux density of each of said first type of components and each of said second type of components is evaluated according to the maximum heat flow rate during operation, wherein the score of said heat flux density comprises: a score of 1 if said maximum heat flow rate is less than 1 kW / m 2 a score of 2 if said maximum heat flow rate is greater than 1 kW / m 2 and less than or equal to 5 kW / m 2 a score of 3 if said maximum heat flow rate is greater than 5 kW / m 2 a score of 3. The heat safety of each of the first type of components and each of the second type of components is evaluated according to the influence of exceeding the rated temperature range on the safety of the whole vehicle, wherein the score of the heat safety includes: 1 for the vehicle being able to continue driving until the power is exhausted after exceeding the rated temperature range, 2 for the vehicle being able to drive for a short time after exceeding the rated temperature range, and 3 for the vehicle being unable to drive after exceeding the rated temperature range; The implementability of each of the first type of components and each of the second type of components is evaluated according to the complexity of developing heat utilization and heat exchange power, wherein the score of the complexity includes: 1 for being difficult to implement, 2 for having difficulty, and 3 for being easy to implement, the score of the heat exchange power includes: 1 for the heat exchange power being less than 20W, 2 for the heat exchange power being greater than or equal to 20W and less than 100W, and 3 for the heat exchange power being greater than or equal to 100W, and the score of the implementability is the average of the score of the complexity and the score of the heat exchange power; The mandatory implementation of each of the first type of components and each of the second type of components is evaluated according to national standards or industry standards, wherein the score of the mandatory implementation includes: 2 for no clear temperature range, and 3 for existing clear temperature range; With thermal sensitivity, heat flow density, thermal safety, implementability, and prescribed mandatory as evaluation indexes, the weighted one-way score of each of the first type of components and each of the second type of components is calculated by the following formula : wherein, is the score of the i-th evaluation indicator; the score of the i-th evaluation indicator; The weighted overall score for each of the first type of components and each of the second type of components is calculated by the following equation : wherein, is the score of the i-th evaluation criterion; The final score of each of the first type of components and each of the second type of components is calculated by the following formula : The preset value is 0, and the first type of components and the second type of components with scores greater than 0 are screened as the thermal management components.

3. The temperature sequence based vehicle thermal management heat exchange path design method of claim 1, wherein, The step of determining the temperature test range of each of the thermal management components, and equally dividing the temperature test range of each of the thermal management components to obtain a plurality of temperature intervals, comprises: Obtain the range of immersion vehicle temperature according to the vehicle energy configuration and based on national standards ; acquiring a rated test temperature range for each of the thermal management components ; The temperature test range of each of the thermal management components is calculated by the following equation : = ∪ The temperature test range of each of the thermal management components is equally divided by 10 according to the following formula to obtain 10 temperature intervals: wherein is a component The range of the temperature interval, represents the minimum value of the temperature test range, represents the maximum value of the temperature test range.

4. The temperature sequence based vehicle thermal management heat exchange path design method of claim 3, wherein, The step of calculating the energy efficiency ratio of each of the thermal management components in the plurality of temperature intervals, and taking the temperature interval with the highest energy efficiency ratio as the optimal working interval of the thermal management component, comprises: Selecting a characteristic part of each of the thermal management components; Cooling the temperature of the characteristic part of each of the thermal management components to the minimum value of the temperature test range; Testing each of the thermal management components and recording the temperature of the feature part, the discrete instantaneous input power in each of the temperature intervals, the discrete instantaneous output power in each of the temperature intervals and the time parameter; the test ends when the temperature of the feature part reaches the maximum value of the temperature test range or when the temperature of the feature part stabilizes, calculating the energy efficiency index of each of the thermal management components in each of the temperature intervals according to the following formula: wherein, represents the first group of temperature intervals, represents the integrated energy efficiency of the group of temperature intervals, represents the output energy of the group of temperature intervals, represents the input energy of the group of temperature intervals and time discretely below the instantaneous output power, represents the first group of temperature intervals and time discretely below the instantaneous input power, represents a discrete time interval; The temperature interval with the highest energy efficiency ratio is obtained by the following equation : with the highest energy efficiency ratio of each of the thermal management components as the optimal operating interval of the thermal management components.

5. The temperature sequence based vehicle thermal management heat exchange path design method of claim 1, wherein, loading the information and loading the scene working condition according to the loading information, wherein the loading information includes the ambient temperature and the speed curve, and the step of loading the information in which the temperature of the components of the vehicle is consistent and the same as the external environment before the vehicle starts the trip includes: obtaining the test working condition in the national standard based on the energy configuration of the vehicle and loading the test working condition as the scene working condition; and / or, generating a plurality of scene working condition curves based on the cloud traffic flow historical information and loading the scene working condition curves as the scene working condition; and / or, screening a complete driving segment of the vehicle based on the user vehicle driving historical information and loading the driving segment as the scene working condition.

6. The temperature sequence based vehicle thermal management heat exchange path design method of claim 1, wherein, The step of calculating the feature temperature of each of the thermal management components according to the scene working condition and sorting all of the thermal management components in descending order according to the feature temperature includes: dividing all of the thermal management components into a plurality of first components and a plurality of second components, wherein the first components include components capable of changing the motion state of the vehicle and having heat exchange requirements, and the second components include main heat generating components in the passenger compartment and components having heat exchange requirements in the passenger compartment; The acceleration of the vehicle under the discrete operating condition curve is calculated according to the following formula : wherein, denotes the velocity at the discrete point, denotes the velocity at the discrete point, denotes a discrete time interval; The required power at each wheel end is calculated according to the following equation : in, Indicates vehicle mass. Indicates the rolling resistance coefficient. Represents gravitational acceleration. Indicates the first The velocity at each discrete point Indicates the first Acceleration at discrete points Indicates the slope angle. Indicates the drag coefficient. This indicates the area of ​​contact between the vehicle and the fluid. Indicates vehicle density. Indicates the rotational mass conversion factor; The output power of each of the first components is calculated according to the following formula : in, This indicates the required output torque for the first component. This indicates the output rotational speed of the first component. For the power required at the wheel end, To be at temperature The product of the efficiencies of each of the first components during energy transfer from the first component to the wheel end. This represents the product of the speed ratios of the components with speed regulation devices that the energy is transferred from each of the first components to the wheel end. Indicates the diameter of the wheel. Represents pi (π). Indicates the first The velocity at each discrete point; The input power of each of the first components is calculated according to the following formula : wherein, represents the efficiency of the component at a rotational speed of , a torque of , a component characteristic temperature . calculating the feature temperature of each of the first components according to the following formula: wherein, represents a characteristic temperature of each of the first components at the first discrete point, represents a characteristic temperature of each of the first components at the second discrete point, represents a heat production power of each of the first components at the third discrete point, represents an actual heat exchange power of each of the first components at the fourth discrete point, represents a discrete time interval, represents a mass of the first component, represents a specific heat capacity of the first component, represents an efficiency of a component at a rotational speed of , a torque of , a component characteristic temperature of . obtaining the heat generating power and the heat exchange power of the second components according to the cabin state and based on the design index; calculating the feature temperature of each of the second components according to the following formula: wherein, represents a characteristic temperature of each of said second components at a discrete point, represents a characteristic temperature of each of said second components at a discrete point, represents a heat production power of each of said second components at a discrete point, represents an actual heat exchange power of each of said second components at a discrete point, represents a mass of said second components, represents a specific heat capacity of said second components, represents a discrete time interval; forming a temperature sequence of the thermal management components from the characteristic temperature of all of the first components and the characteristic temperature of all of the second components : The temperature sequence is sorted in descending order and a descending temperature sequence is formed by the following formula : 。 7. The temperature sequence based vehicle thermal management heat exchange path design method of claim 6, wherein, The step of judging the state of each of the thermal management components and calculating the heat exchange requirement power of each of the thermal management components according to the feature temperature of each of the thermal management components and the working interval includes: comparing the feature temperature of each of the thermal management components with the optimal working interval; judging that the thermal management component is in a balanced state and can absorb and release heat according to the feature temperature being located in the optimal working interval, and calculating the heat exchange requirement power of the thermal management component by the following formula: ] wherein, represents a heat exchange demand power of the thermal management component, is an upper limit value of the optimal operating interval, is a lower limit value of the optimal operating interval, is a maximum exothermic power allowed for the thermal management component, is a maximum endothermic power allowed for the thermal management component, represents a mass of the thermal management component, represents a specific heat capacity of the thermal management component, represents a discrete time interval, represents a characteristic temperature of the thermal management component; judging that the thermal management component has heat release requirement according to the feature temperature being greater than the upper limit value of the optimal working interval, and calculating the heat release requirement power of the thermal management component by the following formula: wherein, represents a heat exchange demand power of the thermal management component, is an upper limit value of the optimal operating interval, is a maximum exothermic power allowed by the thermal management component, represents a mass of the thermal management component, represents a specific heat capacity of the thermal management component, represents a discrete time interval, represents a characteristic temperature of the thermal management component; judging that the thermal management component has heat absorption requirement according to the feature temperature being less than the lower limit value of the optimal working interval, and calculating the heat release requirement power of the thermal management component by the following formula: wherein, represents a heat exchange demand power of the thermal management component, is a lower limit value of the optimal operating interval, is a maximum heat absorption power allowed by the thermal management component, represents a mass of the thermal management component, represents a specific heat capacity of the thermal management component, represents a discrete time interval, represents a characteristic temperature of the thermal management component.

8. The temperature sequence based vehicle thermal management heat exchange path design method of claim 7, wherein, The determining of the heat exchange path, the heat exchange path including the path between the heat management components, the path between the heat management components and the third type components and the path between the heat management components and the environment, determines all transient optimal heat exchange paths according to the heat exchange demand power of each heat management component and the sorting position of the characteristic temperature, determines the heat exchange power of each heat management component based on the state, the sorting position and the heat exchange demand power of each heat management component in each heat exchange path, including: Acquiring the position of each heat management component in the descending temperature sequence; Judging the state of the heat management component; When the heat management component has heat release demand, judging whether there is a subsequent heat management component with heat absorption demand after the heat management component in the descending temperature sequence; When there is a subsequent heat management component with heat absorption demand after the heat management component, making the heat management component release heat to the subsequent heat management component with heat absorption demand; Judging whether the heat release demand of the heat management component can be met according to the heat release demand power of the heat management component and the heat absorption demand power of the subsequent heat management component with heat absorption demand; When the heat release demand of the heat management component cannot be met, or when there is no subsequent heat management component with heat absorption demand after the heat management component, judging the size of the characteristic temperature of the heat management component and the environment temperature; When the characteristic temperature of the heat management component is greater than the environment temperature, making the heat management component release heat to the environment; When the characteristic temperature of the heat management component is less than the environment temperature, judging whether there is a subsequent heat management component in equilibrium state after the heat management component in the descending temperature sequence; When there is a subsequent heat management component in equilibrium state after the heat management component, making the heat management component release heat to the subsequent heat management component in equilibrium state; Judging whether the heat release demand of the heat management component can be met according to the heat release demand power of the heat management component and the heat exchange demand power of the subsequent heat management component in equilibrium state; When the heat release demand of the heat management component cannot be met, or when there is no subsequent heat management component in equilibrium state after the heat management component, refrigerating the heat management component through the third type component; When the heat management component has heat absorption demand, judging whether there is a previous heat management component with heat release demand before the heat management component in the descending temperature sequence; When there is a previous heat management component with heat release demand before the heat management component, making the heat management component absorb heat from the previous heat management component with heat release demand; Judging whether the heat absorption demand of the heat management component can be met according to the heat release demand power of the heat management component and the heat absorption demand power of the previous heat management component; When the heat absorption demand of the heat management component cannot be met, or when there is no previous heat management component with heat release demand before the heat management component, judging the size of the characteristic temperature of the heat management component and the environment temperature; When the characteristic temperature of the heat management component is less than the environment temperature, making the heat management component absorb heat from the environment; determining whether there is a previous heat management component in equilibrium state before the heat management component in the descending temperature sequence when the feature temperature of the heat management component is greater than the ambient temperature; making the heat management component absorb heat from the previous heat management component in equilibrium state when there is a previous heat management component in equilibrium state before the heat management component; determining whether the heat absorption demand of the heat management component can be met according to the heat release demand power of the heat management component and the heat exchange demand power of the previous heat management component; heating the heat management component by the third type of component when the heat absorption demand of the heat management component cannot be met or there is no previous heat management component in equilibrium state before the heat management component; obtaining the heat release path of the heat management component with heat release demand, the heat absorption path of the heat management component with heat absorption demand and the heat exchange path of the heat management component in equilibrium state, and determining the heat exchange path with the best transient state; obtaining the heat release power of the heat management component with heat release demand, the heat absorption power of the heat management component with heat absorption demand and the heat exchange power of the heat management component in equilibrium state.

9. The temperature sequence based vehicle thermal management heat exchange path design method of claim 8, wherein, The step of calculating the cumulative heat exchange amount of each heat exchange path according to the heat exchange power of all the heat management components in each heat exchange path, screening the heat exchange path with cumulative heat exchange amount greater than 0, and descendingly sorting the screened heat exchange path according to the cumulative heat exchange amount in descending order to form the cumulative contribution heat exchange path sequence, comprises: The cumulative heat exchange amount of each of the heat exchange paths is calculated according to the following formula : represents an absolute value of a heat exchange power of each of the heat management components of the heat exchange paths at the time, represents a discrete time interval; The heat exchange path with the cumulative heat exchange amount greater than 0 is screened according to the following formula, and the screened heat exchange path is sorted in descending order according to the cumulative heat exchange amount in descending order, thereby obtaining a descending cumulative contribution heat exchange path sequence : 。

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