Extreme-environment-resistant long-life power cable

Abstract

The invention discloses an extreme-environment-resistant long-service-life power cable which comprises a main body, and the main body comprises a cable sheath, a shielding layer, an insulating layer and a conductor layer from outside to inside in sequence. The shielding layer comprises a shielding net and a metal foil, the shielding net is of a three-dimensional net structure formed by mixing and weaving copper magnesium alloy wires and shape memory alloy, the shielding net wraps the insulating layer in all directions, and a graphene coating is coated between the insulating layer and the shielding net; the metal foil is tightly attached to the surface of the shielding net, the outer surface of the metal foil is subjected to micro-arc oxidation treatment to generate a protective layer, and the inner surface of the protective layer is coated with a self-cleaning coating. According to the self-adaptive shielding net in the shielding layer, the copper magnesium alloy wires and the memory alloy wires are mixed and woven into a three-dimensional net structure, the memory alloy wires can drive the shielding net to deform in a self-adaptive mode, the state of tightly wrapping the insulating layer is maintained, the shielding effectiveness is stable in cooperation with the metal foil, and the shielding effect is stable in various complex electromagnetic environments of extreme environments. And the cable transmission can be effectively prevented from being interfered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention mainly relates to the technical field of power cables, and in particular to a high-life power cable resistant to extreme environments. Background Art

[0002] As the demand for power transmission expands to special areas such as the deep sea, polar regions, deserts, and high-temperature mines, conventional power cables are difficult to meet the requirements of extreme environments. In the deep sea, high pressure, and low temperature environment, the cable sheath is prone to brittle cracks, and the performance of the internal insulation layer will also be greatly degraded due to water pressure and low temperature; the ultra-low temperature in the polar regions causes the cable to lose its flexibility and increase the conductor resistance; the high temperature and wind and sand erosion in the desert, and the humidity and corrosive gases in the mines will accelerate the aging and damage of the cable, causing power transmission interruptions and high maintenance costs. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new cables with long lifespans that are resistant to extreme environments.

[0003] The existing technology discloses a reinforced low-temperature resistant and crack-proof power cable, including a protective sheath, a plurality of cables are installed at equal angles along the circumferential direction on the inner side of the protective sheath, an insulating sheath is sleeved on the outer side of the cable, a conductor is inserted at the symmetrical center position of the inner side of the cable on the inner side of the protective sheath, a special-shaped cuff is embedded and installed on the inner side of the protective sheath at the position of the outer side of the cable, and a covering sheath is sleeved on the outer wall of the special-shaped cuff. The present invention can utilize the heat energy generated during the use of the cable, improve the heat dissipation performance of the cable, and achieve mutual promotion of the heat dissipation work of the cable and the heat preservation work of the protective sheath, so that the overall heat and cold resistance performance of the cable can be greatly improved, the cable can adapt to the changes in the external temperature environment and the load pressure more flexibly and efficiently, and improve the low-temperature resistance threshold of the cable, so that the cable can be more efficiently and stably used in various more severe low-temperature environments.

[0004] However, the above technology only uses double-layer electroplated fine steel wire to weave a shielding net. Its shape is relatively fixed after installation, and it is difficult to cope with the deformation of the cable caused by thermal expansion and contraction, external force extrusion, etc. during long-term use. Gaps may appear, affecting the shielding effect. In addition, the above technical solution is only for cable applications in low-temperature environments, and the reliability of cables in extreme environments such as high temperature, high humidity, and high corrosion is insufficient. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention mainly provides a high-life power cable resistant to extreme environments, so as to solve the technical problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: A high-life power cable resistant to extreme environments, comprising a main body, wherein the main body comprises a cable sheath, a shielding layer, an insulating layer and a conductor layer from the outside to the inside; The shielding layer includes a shielding net and a metal foil. The shielding net is woven into a three-dimensional mesh structure by mixing copper-magnesium alloy wires and memory alloy wires. The shielding net wraps the insulating layer in all directions. A layer of graphene coating is coated between the insulating layer and the shielding net. The metal foil is tightly attached to the surface of the shielding net, and the outer surface of the metal foil is treated by micro-arc oxidation to generate a protective layer, and the inner surface of the protective layer is coated with a self-cleaning coating.

[0007] Furthermore, the shielding net includes a skeleton, which is a mesh made of high-strength polyester fiber material, and the skeleton fiber diameter is 0.1-0.3mm, and the spacing is 2-5mm; The copper-magnesium alloy wire has a diameter of 0.05-0.2 mm, the memory alloy wire is a shape memory alloy wire with a diameter of 0.03-0.1 mm, and the copper-magnesium alloy wire and the memory alloy wire are alternately woven in a ratio of 3:1-5:1 to form a stable three-dimensional network with an initial weaving density of 90%-95%.

[0008] Furthermore, the graphene coating has a thickness of 1-10 μm, and the metal foil is a high-purity aluminum foil with a thickness of 0.02-0.1 mm and a purity of 99.5%; The protective layer has a thickness of 2-8 μm and is doped with rare earth elements. The self-cleaning coating is a titanium dioxide-rare earth composite coating with a thickness of 0.1-0.3 μm.

[0009] Furthermore, the cable sheath comprises an inner sheath and an outer sheath, the inner sheath is a thermoplastic elastomer, and the inner sheath contains memory alloy fibers; The outer protective layer is made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant fluoroplastics, and is provided with drainage grooves and anti-wear protrusions, which are regularly distributed on the outer surface of the outer protective layer.

[0010] Furthermore, the insulating layer is a composite structure, and the insulating layer includes an intermediate layer and a reinforcing layer, the intermediate layer is made of cross-linked polyethylene material, and reinforcing layers are attached to both sides of the intermediate layer, the reinforcing layer is a polyimide film, and ceramic fibers are arranged in the reinforcing layer.

[0011] Furthermore, the ceramic fiber accounts for 5%-10% of the mass of the polyimide film, which gives the insulating layer excellent high temperature resistance and puncture resistance, and aerogel particles are evenly distributed in the insulating layer. The porosity of the aerogel particles is 90%-98%, which fills the tiny gaps in the insulating layer.

[0012] Furthermore, the conductor layer includes a first conductor and a second conductor, the first conductor is provided with a first core, the first core is wrapped with a corrosion-resistant layer, and the first core is twisted clockwise; A second core is arranged in the second conductor, an elastic buffer layer is arranged between the second core and the first core, and the second core is twisted in a counterclockwise direction.

[0013] Furthermore, the first wire core and the second wire core are made of high-purity oxygen-free copper, and their diameters are both 0.2-1 mm. The corrosion-resistant layer is made of nickel-chromium alloy, and its thickness is 0.1-0.3 mm. The corrosion-resistant layer is evenly attached to the outer surfaces of the first wire core and the second wire core; The elastic buffer layer is made of high temperature resistant silicone rubber with a thickness of 0.5-2 mm, and the elastic buffer layer surrounds and fits between the first conductor and the second conductor.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The adaptive shielding net in the shielding layer provided in the present invention is woven into a three-dimensional mesh structure by mixing copper-magnesium alloy wires and memory alloy wires. The memory alloy wires can drive the shielding net to deform adaptively and maintain the state of tightly wrapping the insulating layer. Combined with the metal foil, the shielding efficiency is stable, and the cable transmission can be effectively protected from interference in complex electromagnetic environments in various extreme environments.

[0015] 2. The present invention adopts the special structural advantages of cable shielding, protection, insulation and conductors to enable the cable to adapt to various extreme industrial environments such as petrochemical, marine engineering, metallurgy, etc. Whether in low temperature, high temperature, high humidity, high corrosion, or strong electromagnetic interference scenarios, it can reliably transmit electrical energy, reduce the frequency of failures caused by environmental factors, and reduce operation and maintenance costs.

[0016] 3. The titanium dioxide-rare earth composite self-cleaning coating on the inner surface of the metal foil protective layer of the present invention can use light to decompose pollutants such as oil and dust, keep the protective layer clean, maintain electromagnetic shielding performance for a long time, and reduce manual cleaning and maintenance costs.

[0017] 4. The present invention provides the insulation layer with high temperature resistance and puncture resistance by setting the cross-linked polyethylene in the middle of the composite insulation layer and the polyimide film containing ceramic fibers on both sides, and can withstand extreme temperatures of -150℃ to 250℃. The high-porosity aerogel particles fill tiny gaps, reduce the probability of moisture and corrosive gas penetration, maintain a long-term and stable insulation effect, and reduce the risk of leakage.

[0018] The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cable of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shielding layer and the graphene layer of the present invention; Figure 5 is a side cross-sectional view of the cable sheath of the present invention; Figure 6 is a side cross-sectional view of the insulating layer of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a side cross-sectional view of the conductor layer of the present invention.

[0020] Description of the drawings: 1. Main body; 2. Cable sheath; 201. Inner protective layer; 2011. Memory alloy fiber; 202. Outer protective layer; 2021. Drainage groove; 2022. Anti-wear protrusion; 3. Shielding layer; 301. Shielding net; 3011. Skeleton; 3012. Copper-magnesium alloy wire; 3013. Memory alloy wire; 302. Metal foil; 3021. Protective layer; 3022. Self-cleaning coating; 4. Insulating layer; 401. Intermediate layer; 402. Reinforcement layer; 4021. Ceramic fiber; 4022. Aerogel particles; 5. Conductor layer; 501. First conductor; 5011. First core; 502. Second conductor; 5021. Second core; 503. Corrosion-resistant layer; 504. Elastic buffer layer; 6. Graphene coating. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more comprehensively below with reference to the relevant drawings. Several embodiments of the present invention are given in the drawings, but the present invention can be implemented in different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described in the text. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the content disclosed in the present invention more thorough and comprehensive. Example

[0022] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 , 2, 3, and 4, a high-life power cable resistant to extreme environments comprises a main body 1, wherein the main body 1 comprises a cable sheath 2, a shielding layer 3, an insulating layer 4, and a conductor layer 5 from the outside to the inside; the shielding layer 3 comprises a shielding net 301 and a metal foil 302, the shielding net 301 is woven into a three-dimensional mesh structure by mixing copper-magnesium alloy wires 3012 and memory alloy wires 3013, and the shielding net 301 fully wraps the insulating layer 4, and a graphene coating 6 with a thickness of 1-10 μm is coated between the insulating layer 4 and the shielding net 301; the metal The foil 302 is a high-purity aluminum foil with a thickness of 0.02-0.1 mm and a purity of 99.5%. It is tightly attached to the surface of the shielding net 301, and the outer surface of the metal foil 302 is treated by micro-arc oxidation to generate a protective layer 3021. The thickness of the protective layer 3021 is 2-8 μm, and the protective layer 3021 is doped with rare earth elements. In addition, the inner surface of the protective layer 3021 is coated with a self-cleaning coating 3022, which is a titanium dioxide-rare earth composite coating with a thickness of 0.1-0.3 μm.

[0023] It should be noted that the shielding net 301 is a three-dimensional mesh structure woven by mixing copper-magnesium alloy wires 3012 and memory alloy wires 3013. When encountering external force impact or sudden temperature change, the memory alloy wires 3013 can drive the shielding net 301 to adaptively deform and maintain the state of tightly wrapping the insulating layer 4, so that the shielding performance is stable. In a complex and changeable electromagnetic environment, whether it is strong electromagnetic interference in an industrial plant or electromagnetic fluctuations caused by extreme weather outdoors, it can effectively protect the cable transmission signal from interference.

[0024] It should be noted that the graphene coating 6 has ultra-high conductivity and can quickly conduct induced charges. The protective layer 3021 generated by the micro-arc oxidation treatment of the metal foil 302 has both electromagnetic shielding and waterproof and anti-corrosion effects. The two work together to greatly broaden the electromagnetic shielding frequency band, and have a strong blocking effect on various electromagnetic interferences from low frequency to high frequency, allowing the electrical equipment connected to it to operate stably.

[0025] It should be noted that the titanium dioxide-rare earth composite self-cleaning coating 3022 on the surface of the metal foil 302 protective layer 3021 can use light to decompose pollutants such as oil and dust, keep the protective layer 3021 clean, maintain electromagnetic shielding performance for a long time, and reduce manual cleaning and maintenance costs.

[0026] It should be noted that the shielding net 301 is entirely attached to the frame 3011, and the frame 3011 is a grid made of high-strength polyester fiber material with a fiber diameter of 0.1-0.3mm and a spacing of 2-5mm. It provides basic support for the shielding net 301 to prevent excessive deformation.

[0027] It should be noted that the memory alloy wire 3013 uses nickel-titanium-based shape memory alloy, which is drawn into a filament with a diameter of 0.03-0.1mm. This alloy can accurately restore the preset shape within the temperature range of -50℃-150℃; when encountering external force impact, or the temperature change exceeds 10℃ / min, the memory alloy wire 3013 will respond quickly and restore the preset shape; the copper-magnesium alloy wire 3012 has a diameter of 0.05-0.2mm to ensure basic conductivity. It is alternately woven with the memory alloy wire 3013 at a ratio of 3:1-5:1 through a professional 3D braiding machine. During weaving, there are 20-50 interweavings per centimeter length to form a stable three-dimensional mesh, with an initial weaving density of 90%-95%, which fully wraps the insulation layer 4.

[0028] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 3 and 5, the cable sheath 2 includes an inner sheath 201 and an outer sheath 202. The inner sheath 201 is a thermoplastic elastomer and contains memory alloy fibers 2011. The outer sheath 202 is a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant fluoroplastic and is provided with drainage grooves 2021 and anti-wear protrusions 2022. The drainage grooves 2021 and the anti-wear protrusions 2022 are regularly distributed on the outer surface of the outer sheath 202.

[0029] It should be noted that the inner sheath 201 made of thermoplastic elastomer material has excellent flexibility. It can deform appropriately with the bending and twisting of the cable, and will not easily crack or break. The diameter of the memory alloy fiber 2011 contained in it is between 0.05-0.2mm, and these fibers are evenly dispersed in the thermoplastic elastomer matrix. When the cable encounters unexpected hot and cold shocks, it instantly transitions from high temperature exposure to low temperature freezing environment, or is squeezed by external force and partially deformed, the memory alloy fiber 2011 will drive the inner sheath 201 to automatically restore its original flat and tight state by virtue of its unique shape memory effect. The inner sheath 201 always protects the shielding layer 3, insulation layer 4 and conductor layer 5 inside it, and prevents water vapor and dust from intruding due to damage to the cable sheath 2, which affects the performance of the cable.

[0030] It should be noted that the outer sheath 202 made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant fluoroplastic material ensures the ability to resist the harsh external environment from the source of the material. The drainage grooves 2021 regularly distributed on the outer sheath 202 have a depth of 0.1-0.5mm and a width of 0.5-2mm. They are connected to each other to form a set of "drainage and sand removal system". When laying cables in rainy and humid outdoor environments, or in desert areas full of sand and dust, rainwater and sand can flow quickly along these drainage grooves 2021 to avoid long-term accumulation and erosion of cables. The anti-wear protrusions 2022 have a height of 0.2-1mm and are distributed in an array on the outer surface of the outer sheath 202. When the cable rubs against the ground, wall or other surface, the protrusions first contact and share the friction, greatly reducing the wear of the outer sheath 202, extending the overall service life of the cable sheath 2, and maintaining the long-term stable operation of the cable.

[0031] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 3 and 6, the insulating layer 4 is a composite structure, and the insulating layer 4 includes an intermediate layer 401 and a reinforcing layer 402. The intermediate layer 401 is made of cross-linked polyethylene, and the reinforcing layers 402 are attached to both sides of the intermediate layer 401. The reinforcing layer 402 is a polyimide film, and ceramic fibers 4021 are arranged in the reinforcing layer 402. In addition, aerogel particles 4022 are evenly distributed in the insulating layer 4.

[0032] It should be noted that the insulating layer 4 adopts a "sandwich" composite structure, in which the middle layer 401 is made of cross-linked polyethylene. The cross-linked polyethylene itself has good electrical insulation properties, which can effectively block current and prevent leakage, thus building the first line of defense for the stable transmission of electric energy. The reinforcing layer 402, which is tightly fitted on both sides of the middle layer 401, further improves the overall insulation performance. The reinforcing layer 402 adopts polyimide film, which is a material resistant to high temperatures and has excellent mechanical properties. Ceramic fiber 4021 is evenly distributed inside it, accounting for between 5% and 10%. Ceramic fiber 4021 has excellent heat resistance and stability. Even in a high temperature environment, it will not soften and deform, so that the insulating layer 4 can easily cope with high temperature conditions in places such as chemical smelting workshops and high temperature mines; at the same time, ceramic fiber 4021 also greatly enhances the puncture resistance of the polyimide film, avoiding the damage of the insulation structure due to the penetration of sharp objects from the outside, and ensuring the safety of the internal conductor.

[0033] It should be noted that the porosity of the aerogel particles 4022 evenly distributed in the insulating layer 4 is 90%-98%. These tiny aerogel particles 4022 are precisely filled into the tiny gaps in the insulating layer 4. In the humid underground pipeline laying scene, or the seaside environment with high salt and humidity, the dense barrier formed by the aerogel particles 4022 with ultra-high porosity can greatly reduce the probability of moisture and corrosive gas penetration, isolate external erosion factors, maintain the insulation performance of the insulating layer 4 for a long time, effectively ensure the stable operation of the cable, and extend the service life.

[0034] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 3 and 7, the conductor layer 5 includes a first conductor 501 and a second conductor 502. The first conductor 501 is provided with a first core 5011, the first core 5011 is wrapped with a corrosion-resistant layer 503, and the first core 5011 is twisted clockwise; the second conductor 502 is provided with a second core 5021, an elastic buffer layer 504 is provided between the second core 5021 and the first core 5011, and the second core 5021 is twisted counterclockwise.

[0035] It should be noted that the first core 5011 is twisted in a clockwise direction. This twisting method allows the cores to be arranged in order and initially integrated to form a stable conductive foundation, while the adjacent second core 5021 is twisted in a counterclockwise direction. Due to electromagnetic induction, the first conductor 501 and the second conductor 502 will generate torque when the cable is powered on, and the twisting of the first core 5011 and the second core 5021 in opposite directions can utilize the principle of torque offsetting each other to stabilize the electromagnetic environment inside the cable. This ensures that the cable can transmit power stably, whether in a complex electromagnetic environment filled with various electrical equipment in a large factory or in a high-intensity electromagnetic field around a substation, and minimizes interference with signal transmission and normal operation of the electrical equipment connected thereto.

[0036] It should be noted that the first wire core 5011 and the second wire core 5021 are both made of high-purity oxygen-free copper, and their diameters are both 0.2-1mm. High-purity oxygen-free copper has extremely excellent electrical conductivity, and electrons are minimally hindered when moving in it, which can minimize the loss in the process of power transmission and ensure efficient power transmission. The wire cores in this diameter range can not only meet the current carrying capacity requirements in conventional power transmission scenarios, but also take into account the overall flexibility of the cable, making it easy to lay and install, and adapt to various complex laying environments, such as narrow pipes inside building walls, or underground cable projects in areas with large terrain undulations in the wild.

[0037] It should be noted that the corrosion-resistant layer 503 is made of nickel-chromium alloy with a thickness of 0.1-0.3mm, and the corrosion-resistant layer 503 is uniformly attached to the outer surfaces of the first core 5011 and the second core 5021. The chromium element in the nickel-chromium alloy is highly active. When it comes into contact with external oxygen, it will first generate a continuous and dense Cr2O3 oxide film on the alloy surface, which can block corrosive ions such as sulfur dioxide in industrial waste gas and chloride ions in the marine environment from penetrating into the internal oxygen-free copper core; the nickel element plays a role in stabilizing the film layer and enhancing toughness, so that even if this protective film encounters a certain degree of physical friction and bumps, it can still adhere firmly, continue to protect the core from corrosion, and greatly extend the service life of the cable under harsh working conditions.

[0038] It should be noted that the elastic buffer layer 504 is made of high temperature resistant silicone rubber, which is a thin sheet with a thickness of 0.5-2mm, and the elastic buffer layer 504 is surrounded and attached between the first conductor 501 and the second conductor 502. The molecular chain of silicone rubber itself is extremely flexible and has a moderate degree of cross-linking, which gives it excellent elasticity. When the cable is inevitably bent and stretched by external forces, the stress conditions are relatively complicated due to the different twisting directions. The elastic buffer layer 504 uses its own good elasticity, one side is squeezed and the other side is stretched, and it quickly deforms by relying on its own good elasticity, evenly dispersing the stress originally concentrated on the conductor part, preventing excessive stress accumulation, and avoiding excessive accumulation of stress on the first core 5011 or the second core 5021, causing conductor damage, and maintaining the structural integrity of the entire conductor layer 5. At the same time, as a high-temperature resistant material, silicone rubber has relatively stable performance in a high-temperature environment of 150-250°C. When the cable is energized, the core temperature will rise rapidly, especially in industrial applications where the cable is operated for a long time at a high current carrying capacity or is in a high-temperature environment. The elastic buffer layer 504 will not lose its buffering and protective functions due to high-temperature aging or deformation, and will continue to ensure the safety of the conductor layer 5, allowing for stable power transmission.

[0039] The specific operation process of the present invention is as follows: First, high-purity oxygen-free copper is drawn into a wire core with a diameter of 0.2-1 mm, and a nickel-chromium alloy corrosion-resistant layer 503 is wrapped by an extrusion process. The first wire core 5011 and the second wire core 5021 are twisted in clockwise and counterclockwise directions respectively, and a high-temperature resistant silicone rubber sheet is added between the two as an elastic buffer layer 504 to obtain a conductor layer 5; Then, cross-linked polyethylene is used as the middle layer 401, and a polyimide film containing ceramic fibers 4021 is laminated on both sides thereof as a reinforcing layer 402 to form an insulating layer 4, and then aerogel particles 4022 are evenly mixed into the insulating layer 4, and finally the conductor layer 5 is wrapped with the insulating layer 4; A 3D braiding machine is then used to weave the copper-magnesium alloy wire 3012 and the memory alloy wire 3013 into a shielding net 301 at a ratio of 3:1-5:1, and the shielding net 301 is attached to a high-strength polyester fiber skeleton 3011. The inside of the shielding net 3011 is coated with a graphene coating 6 and then wrapped in an insulating layer 4. The metal foil 302 is then subjected to micro-arc oxidation treatment and doped with rare earth elements to form a protective layer 3021. After a self-cleaning coating 3022 is applied to the outer surface of the protective layer 3021, the metal foil 302 is attached to the outer layer of the shielding net 301. Finally, the memory alloy fiber 2011 is mixed into the thermoplastic elastomer to form the inner protective layer 201 by injection molding, and the fluoroplastic outer protective layer 202 is extruded by a mold. Drainage grooves 2021 and anti-wear protrusions 2022 are made on its outer surface, and the molded cable sheath 2 is placed on the shielding layer 3.

[0040] The above is an exemplary description of the present invention in combination with the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned method. As long as such non-substantial improvements are made by adopting the method concept and technical solution of the present invention, or the concept and technical solution of the present invention are directly applied to other occasions without improvement, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A long-life power cable resistant to extreme environments, comprising a main body (1), characterized in that: The main body (1) comprises, from the outside to the inside, a cable sheath (2), a shielding layer (3), an insulating layer (4) and a conductor layer (5); The shielding layer (3) comprises a shielding net (301) and a metal foil (302); the shielding net (301) is a three-dimensional mesh structure woven from a mixture of copper-magnesium alloy wires (3012) and memory alloy wires (3013); the shielding net (301) wraps the insulating layer (4) in all directions; and a layer of graphene coating (6) is coated between the insulating layer (4) and the shielding net (301); The metal foil (302) is tightly attached to the surface of the shielding net (301), and the outer surface of the metal foil (302) is subjected to micro-arc oxidation treatment to generate a protective layer (3021), and the inner surface of the protective layer (3021) is coated with a self-cleaning coating (3022).

2. The extreme environment resistant and long life power cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shielding net (301) comprises a frame (3011), wherein the frame (3011) is a mesh made of high-strength polyester fiber material, and the fiber diameter of the frame (3011) is 0.1-0.3 mm, and the spacing is 2-5 mm; The copper-magnesium alloy wire (3012) has a diameter of 0.05-0.2 mm, the memory alloy wire (3013) is a shape memory alloy wire (3013) with a diameter of 0.03-0.1 mm, and the copper-magnesium alloy wire (3012) and the memory alloy wire (3013) are alternately woven at a ratio of 3:1-5:1 to form a stable three-dimensional network, with an initial weaving density of 90%-95%.

3. The extreme environment resistant and long life power cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The graphene coating (6) has a thickness of 1-10 μm, and the metal foil (302) is a high-purity aluminum foil with a thickness of 0.02-0.1 mm and a purity of 99.5%. The protective layer (3021) has a thickness of 2-8 μm, and rare earth elements are doped in the protective layer (3021); the self-cleaning coating (3022) is a titanium dioxide-rare earth composite coating, and has a thickness of 0.1-0.3 μm.

4. The extreme environment resistant and long life power cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cable sheath (2) comprises an inner sheath (201) and an outer sheath (202); the inner sheath (201) is a thermoplastic elastomer, and the inner sheath (201) contains memory alloy fibers (2011); The outer protective layer (202) is made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant fluoroplastic, and the outer protective layer (202) is provided with drainage grooves (2021) and anti-wear protrusions (2022), and the drainage grooves (2021) and anti-wear protrusions (2022) are regularly distributed on the outer surface of the outer protective layer (202).

5. The extreme environment resistant and long life power cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulating layer (4) is a composite structure, and comprises an intermediate layer (401) and a reinforcing layer (402); the intermediate layer (401) is made of a cross-linked polyethylene material, and reinforcing layers (402) are bonded to both sides of the intermediate layer (401); the reinforcing layer (402) is a polyimide film, and ceramic fibers (4021) are provided in the reinforcing layer (402).

6. The extreme environment resistant and long life power cable according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ceramic fibers (4021) account for 5%-10% of the mass of the polyimide film, and impart excellent high temperature resistance and puncture resistance to the insulating layer (4). Aerogel particles (4022) are evenly distributed in the insulating layer (4), and the porosity of the aerogel particles (4022) is 90%-98%, so that they fill the tiny gaps in the insulating layer (4).

7. The extreme environment resistant and long life power cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductor layer (5) comprises a first conductor (501) and a second conductor (502); a first wire core (5011) is provided inside the first conductor (501); the first wire core (5011) is wrapped with a corrosion-resistant layer (503) outside, and the first wire core (5011) is twisted in a clockwise direction; A second wire core (5021) is provided in the second conductor (502), an elastic buffer layer (504) is provided between the second wire core (5021) and the first wire core (5011), and the second wire core (5021) is twisted in a counterclockwise direction.

8. The extreme environment resistant and long life power cable according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first wire core (5011) and the second wire core (5021) are made of high-purity oxygen-free copper, and their diameters are both 0.2-1 mm; the corrosion-resistant layer (503) is made of nickel-chromium alloy, and its thickness is 0.1-0.3 mm; and the corrosion-resistant layer (503) is evenly attached to the outer surfaces of the first wire core (5011) and the second wire core (5021); The elastic buffer layer (504) is made of high temperature resistant silicone rubber and has a thickness of 0.5-2 mm. The elastic buffer layer (504) surrounds and fits between the first conductor (501) and the second conductor (502).

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