Antenna assembly and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention provides an antenna assembly and electronic equipment. The antenna assembly comprises a first radiator, a second radiator, a first feed source and an adjustable circuit. The first radiator is provided with a first grounding end, a first feeding point and a first free end, and the first grounding end is grounded; the second radiator is provided with a second grounding end, a connecting point and a second free end, the second grounding end is grounded, and the second free end and the first free end are opposite and arranged at an interval to form a coupling gap; the first feed source is electrically connected to the first feeding point; the adjustable circuit comprises a switch, the switch comprises a first end and a second end, the first end is electrically connected to the connection point, and the second end is grounded; when the switch is in a conducting state, the second radiator supports a first target frequency band, and the antenna assembly has a first radiation pattern; when the switch is in an off state, the first radiator supports the first target frequency band, the antenna assembly has a second radiation pattern, and the second radiation pattern is different from the first radiation pattern.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna assembly and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of technology, electronic devices with communication functions such as mobile phones are becoming more and more popular and their functions are becoming more and more powerful. Electronic devices usually include antenna components to realize the communication function of electronic devices. However, the communication performance of antenna components in electronic devices in related technologies is not good enough and there is still room for improvement. Summary of the invention

[0003] In a first aspect, the present application provides an antenna assembly, the antenna assembly comprising:

[0004] A first radiator, the first radiator having a first grounding end, a first feeding point and a first free end, the first grounding end being grounded;

[0005] a second radiator, the second radiator having a second grounding end, a connection point and a second free end, the second grounding end is grounded, and the second free end is opposite to and spaced from the first free end to form a coupling gap;

[0006] a first feed source electrically connected to the first feed point; and

[0007] An adjustable circuit, the adjustable circuit comprising a switch, the switch comprising a first end and a second end, the first end being electrically connected to the connection point, and the second end being grounded;

[0008] When the switch is in the on state, the second radiator supports the first target frequency band, and the antenna assembly has a first radiation pattern; when the switch is in the off state, the first radiator supports the first target frequency band, and the antenna assembly has a second radiation pattern, wherein the second radiation pattern is different from the first radiation pattern.

[0009] In a second aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, the electronic device comprising a middle frame and the antenna assembly according to the first aspect, the middle frame comprising:

[0010] a frame body; and

[0011] A frame, the frame being arranged around the periphery of the frame body;

[0012] Wherein, the first radiator and the second radiator in the antenna assembly are formed on the frame.

[0013] In summary, the antenna assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application has a switch of the antenna assembly having two states: an on state and an off state. In these two states, the radiators supporting the first target frequency band are different. When the switch is in the on state, the second radiator supports the first target frequency band, and when the switch is in the off state, the first radiator supports the first target frequency band. In these two states, the antenna assembly supports different directional patterns of the first target frequency band, forming a complementary reconfigurable directional pattern, so that the gain of the first radiator supporting the first target frequency band in at least some directions is different from the gain of the second radiator supporting the first target frequency band. Therefore, according to the communication scenario of the antenna assembly, the state of the switch can be controlled to achieve the selection of the directional pattern, thereby improving the signal strength (i.e., gain) and communication experience of the first target frequency band supported by the antenna assembly. It can be seen that the communication effect of the antenna assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application is better. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0016] Figure 2 An implementation method Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the antenna assembly is provided;

[0017] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at I in the middle;

[0018] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing that a switch in an antenna assembly is in an off state;

[0019] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing that a switch in an antenna assembly is in an on state;

[0020] Figure 6 for Figure 4 The three-dimensional radiation pattern when the switch in the antenna assembly shown in is in the off state;

[0021] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A three-dimensional directional pattern when the switch in the antenna assembly shown in is in the on state;

[0022] Figure 8 for Figure 4 Antenna assembly shown disconnected and Figure 5 A comparison diagram of the two-dimensional directional pattern in the XOY plane when in the on state;

[0023] Fig. 9 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of current distribution when the switch in the antenna assembly is in an off state is shown;

[0024] Fig.10 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of current distribution when the switch in the antenna assembly is in the on state;

[0025] Fig.11 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the distance between the connection point and the end face in the antenna assembly shown;

[0026] Fig.12 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the electrical lengths of the first radiator and the second radiator of the antenna assembly shown;

[0027] Fig.13 Another embodiment Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the antenna assembly is provided;

[0028] Fig.14 for Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at II in the middle;

[0029] Fig.15 For one embodiment Fig.14 A schematic diagram of a switch in the provided antenna assembly in an open state;

[0030] Fig.16 for Fig.14 A schematic diagram showing that a switch in an antenna assembly is in an on state;

[0031] Fig.17 for Fig.16 A schematic diagram of the electrical lengths of some components of the antenna assembly shown;

[0032] Fig.18 Another embodiment Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the antenna assembly is provided;

[0033] Fig.19 for Fig.18 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at III in the middle;

[0034] Fig. 20 For one embodiment Fig.19 A schematic diagram of a switch in the provided antenna assembly in an open state;

[0035] Fig.21 for Fig.19 A schematic diagram showing that a switch in an antenna assembly is in an on state;

[0036] Fig. 22 for Fig.21 A schematic diagram of the electrical lengths of some components of the antenna assembly shown;

[0037] Fig.23 A schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Fig.24 An implementation method Fig.23 A schematic diagram of the antenna assembly is provided;

[0039] Fig.25 for Fig.24 A magnified schematic diagram of position IV in the middle;

[0040] Fig.26 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in one embodiment;

[0041] Fig. 27 for Fig.26 A schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of an electronic device;

[0042] Fig.28 for Fig.26 Schematic diagram of the electronic device shown in FIG.

[0043] Description of main component numbers:

[0044] Electronic device 1, antenna assembly 10, middle frame 30, processor 50, display screen 70, housing 90;

[0045] A first radiator 110, a first ground terminal 111, a first feeding point P1, and a first free terminal 112;

[0046] The second radiator 120, the second ground terminal 121, the connection point P2, the second feeding point P3, the second free end 122, and the end surface 122a;

[0047] A first feed source S1, a second feed source S2, a frame body 310, a frame 320, a first frame 321, a second frame 322, an outer surface 320a, a first gap 320b, and a second gap 320c;

[0048] Adjustable circuit 130 , switch 131 , first end 1311 , second end 1312 , matching device 132 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The technical solution of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described in the present application are only a part of the embodiments, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments provided in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0050] Reference to "embodiments" in this application means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative to other embodiments. It can be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0051] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example: a component or device including one or more parts is not limited to the one or more parts listed, but optionally includes one or more parts that are not listed but inherent to the exemplified product, or one or more parts that it should have based on the described function.

[0052] An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna assembly 10. Next, the antenna assembly 10 provided by the embodiment of the present application will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 An implementation method Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the antenna assembly is provided; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at I in the middle; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing that a switch in an antenna assembly is in an off state; Figure 5 for Figure 3Schematic diagram of a switch in an antenna assembly in a conducting state. The antenna assembly 10 includes a first radiator 110, a second radiator 120, a first feed source S1, and an adjustable circuit 130. The first radiator 110 has a first grounding terminal 111, a first feeding point P1, and a first free end 112, and the first grounding terminal 111 is grounded. The second radiator 120 has a second grounding terminal 121, a connection point P2, and a second free end 122. The second grounding terminal 121 is grounded, and the second free end 122 is opposite to and spaced from the first free end 112 and forms a coupling gap 110a. The first feed source S1 is electrically connected to the first feeding point P1. The adjustable circuit 130 includes a switch 131. The switch 131 includes a first end 1311 and a second end 1312, the first end 1311 is electrically connected to the connection point P2, and the second end 1312 is grounded. When the switch 131 is in the on state (also called state 1), the second radiator 120 supports the first target frequency band, and the antenna assembly 10 has a first radiation pattern; when the switch 131 is in the off state (also called state 2), the first radiator 110 supports the first target frequency band, and the antenna assembly 10 has a second radiation pattern, wherein the second radiation pattern is different from the first radiation pattern.

[0053] The first radiator 110 is also called the main radiator or the main branch. The first radiator 110 can be a Laser Direct Structuring (LDS) radiator, or a Flexible Printed Circuit (FPC) radiator, or a Print Direct Structuring (PDS) radiator, or a metal branch radiator. When the antenna assembly 10 is applied to an electronic device 1, the first radiator 110 can be an antenna radiator designed using a structural antenna (Mechanical middle frame 30) designed with metal embedded in the electronic device 1 itself. In addition, the first radiator 110 can also be a metal frame antenna radiator designed with a metal middle frame 30.

[0054] It is understandable that the present application does not specifically limit the shape, structure and material of the first radiator 110. The shapes of the first radiator 110 include but are not limited to bent, straight, L-shaped, sheet, rod, coating, film, etc. When the first radiator 110 is in a strip shape, the present application does not limit the extension trajectory of the first radiator 110, so the first radiator 110 can be extended in a straight line, a curve, a multi-stage bend, etc. The first radiator 110 can be a line with uniform width on the extension trajectory, or it can be an irregular shape with different widths such as a gradual width and a widened area. In the schematic diagram of this embodiment, the first radiator 110 extends along a straight line trajectory. It is understandable that the first radiator 110 shown in the schematic diagram of this embodiment should not be understood as a limitation of the first radiator 110 provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0055] The first radiator 110 has two ends, one of which is a free end, named as a first free end 112, and the other end is a grounded end, named as a first grounded end 111. The first grounded end 111 can be electrically connected to a ground electrode (also called a floor, a ground system, or a system ground) through a grounding structure such as a conductive spring, a conductive connecting rib (such as a metal connecting rib), or a pop-pin connector (POP-pin) to be grounded.

[0056] When the antenna assembly 10 is applied to the electronic device 1, the ground electrode may be, but is not limited to, the frame body 310 of the middle frame 30 in the electronic device 1, or the ground in the circuit board, or the shielding part of the display screen 70, or a conductive battery cover, etc.

[0057] The second radiator 120 is also called a parasitic radiator or a parasitic branch. The second radiator 120 may be a laser direct structuring (LDS) radiator, or a flexible printed circuit (FPC) radiator, or a print direct structuring (PDS) radiator, or a metal branch radiator. When the antenna assembly 10 is applied to an electronic device 1, the second radiator 120 may be a laser direct structuring (LDS) radiator or a flexible printed circuit (FPC) radiator or a print direct structuring (PDS) radiator. Fig.26 ) A mechanical design antenna (MDA) radiator with its own metal insert. For example, the second radiator 120 can utilize the middle frame 30 formed of plastic and metal of the electronic device 1 (see Fig. 27 In addition, the second radiator 120 can also be a metal frame antenna radiator designed by the metal middle frame 30.

[0058] It should be noted that in Figures 2 to 5 In the schematic diagram of the antenna assembly 10 provided, the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 are both radiators formed in the middle frame. It can be understood that this should not be understood as a limitation on the antenna assembly 10 provided in the present application. Figure 2 In the enlarged schematic diagram, the portion framed by the dotted line, in addition to framing the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120, also frames other parts of the middle frame, which should not be understood as a limitation on the external environment of the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 in the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application, and should not be understood as a limitation on the structure of one side of the first radiator 110 (the left side as shown), and should not be understood as a limitation on the structure of one side of the second radiator 120 (the right side as shown). It should not be understood that there is an uninterrupted conductor on one side of the first radiator 110 (the left side as shown), and it should not be understood that there is an uninterrupted conductor on one side of the second radiator 120 (the right side as shown). It can be understood that the above description is also applicable to the antenna assembly 10 provided in other subsequent embodiments of the present application. For example, the above description is also applicable to the subsequent Figures 13 to 17 The antenna assembly 10 shown, Figures 18 to 21 The antenna assembly 10, and Figure 24 to Figure 25 The antenna assembly 10 shown, etc.

[0059] It is understandable that the present application does not specifically limit the shape, structure and material of the second radiator 120. The shapes of the second radiator 120 include but are not limited to bent, straight, L-shaped, sheet-shaped, rod-shaped, coated, thin film, etc. When the second radiator 120 is in a strip shape, the present application does not limit the extension trajectory of the second radiator 120, so the second radiator 120 can extend in a straight line, a curve, a multi-stage bend, etc. The second radiator 120 can be a line with uniform width on the extension trajectory, or it can be an irregular shape with different widths such as a gradual width and a widened area. In the schematic diagram of this embodiment, the first radiator 110 extends along a straight line trajectory. It is understandable that the second radiator 120 shown in the schematic diagram of this embodiment should not be understood as a limitation of the second radiator 120 provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0060] The second radiator 120 has two ends, one of which is a free end, named as the second free end 122, and the other end is a grounded end, named as the second grounded end 121. The second grounded end 121 can be electrically connected to a ground electrode (also called a floor, or a ground system) through a grounding structure such as a conductive spring, a conductive connecting rib (such as a metal connecting rib), or a top pin connector (POP-pin) to be grounded. The way in which the second grounded end 121 can be electrically connected to the ground electrode can be the same as the way in which the first grounded end 111 is electrically connected to the ground electrode, or it can be different, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0061] The second free end 122 is opposite to the first free end 112 and is spaced apart to form a coupling gap 110 a . The second radiator 120 can couple the energy of the first radiator 110 through the coupling gap 110 a .

[0062] The first feed source S1 may be located on a circuit board. The first feed source S1 is used to generate a first excitation signal. The first feed source S1 is electrically connected to the first feed point P1 by, but not limited to, a conductive spring, a conductive connecting rib (such as a metal connecting rib), or a POP-pin or other electrically conductive member connected to the first feed point P1.

[0063] In the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present application, the switch 131 is illustrated as a single-pole single-throw switch (Single Pole Single Throw, SPST) as an example. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the switch 131 can also be a single-pole multi-throw switch 131, etc. The switch 131 shown in the schematic diagram of this embodiment should not be understood as a limitation on the embodiment of the present application. The way in which the first end 1311 of the switch 131 is electrically connected to the connection point P2 can be, but is not limited to, the first end 1311 is directly electrically connected to the connection point P2, or the first end 1311 is electrically connected to the connection point P2 through a matching device 132. It should be noted that the first end 1311 is directly electrically connected to the connection point P2 means that there is no matching device 132 between the first end 1311 and the connection point P2, and the first end 1311 can be electrically connected to the connection point P2 through a conductive line (such as a flexible printed circuit (PCB) trace). Accordingly, the second end 1312 may be grounded in such a manner that the grounding structure of the second end 1312 is electrically connected to the ground, and there is no matching device 132 between the second end 1312 and the ground; or, the second end 1312 is electrically connected to the ground through the grounding structure, and there is a matching device 132 between the second end 1312 and the ground. In the schematic diagram of this embodiment, the first end 1311 is electrically connected to the connection point P2, and there is no matching device 132 between the first end 1311 and the connection point P2, and the second end 1312 is electrically connected to the ground, and there is no matching device 132 between the second end 1312 and the ground. It can be understood that this should not be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0064] In this embodiment, the single-pole single-throw switch is a two-port device, the first end 1311 is electrically connected to the second radiator 120 through an electrical connection structure such as a PCB conductor (also called a PCB trace), a spring, etc., and the second end 1312 can be electrically connected to the system ground of the electronic device 1 through a ground electrode in the PCB. In one embodiment, the system ground is a ground electrode formed by the frame body 310 of the middle frame 30.

[0065] When the first end 1311 of the switch 131 is electrically connected to the second end 1312, the switch 131 is turned on, and the connection point P2 of the second radiator 120 is grounded; when the first end 1311 of the switch 131 is electrically disconnected from the second end 1312, the switch 131 is turned off, and the connection point P2 of the second radiator 120 is disconnected from the ground. It can be seen that the switch 131 has two states, one of which is the on state (also referred to as state 1) when the first end 1311 of the switch 131 is electrically connected to the second end 1312, and the other state is the off state (also referred to as state 2) when the first end 1311 of the switch 131 is electrically disconnected from the second end 1312.

[0066] When the switch 131 is in the on state: the connection point P2 is grounded (that is, the connection point P2 is electrically connected to the ground), the second radiator 120 supports the first target frequency band, and the antenna component 10 has a first radiation pattern when supporting the first target frequency band. When the switch 131 is in the off state: the connection point P2 is electrically disconnected from the ground, the first radiator 110 supports the first target frequency band, and the antenna component 10 has a second radiation pattern when supporting the first target frequency band. Among them, the second radiation pattern is different from the first radiation pattern. It can be seen that the antenna component 10 provided in the present application still has different radiation patterns supporting the first target frequency band when the switch 131 is in the on state or the switch 131 is in the off state, also known as a complementary reconfigurable radiation pattern. The second radiation pattern is different from the first radiation pattern, which means that in the first radiation pattern and the second radiation pattern, the gain of the first target frequency band in at least some directions is different (also known as different signal strength). In other words, in the directional diagram supporting the first target frequency band, in at least some directions, the gain when the first radiator 110 is used to support the first target frequency band is different from the gain when the second radiator 120 is used to support the first target frequency band.

[0067] It should be noted that when the switch 131 is in the on state, the radiator in the antenna assembly 10 that supports the first target frequency band is mainly the second radiator 120, and the current on the first radiator 110 is very weak. When the switch 131 is in the off state, the radiator in the antenna assembly 10 that supports the first target frequency band is mainly the first radiator 110, and the current on the second radiator 120 is very weak.

[0068] In summary, the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the switch 131 of the antenna assembly 10 has two states: an on state and an off state. In these two states, the radiators supporting the first target frequency band are different. When the switch 131 is in the on state, the second radiator 120 supports the first target frequency band, and when the switch 131 is in the off state, the first radiator 110 supports the first target frequency band. In these two states, the antenna assembly 10 supports different directional patterns of the first target frequency band, forming a complementary reconfigurable directional pattern, so that the gain of the first radiator 110 when supporting the first target frequency band in at least some directions is different from the gain of the second radiator 120 supporting the first target frequency band. Therefore, according to the communication scenario of the antenna assembly 10, the state of the switch 131 can be controlled to realize the selection of the directional pattern, thereby improving the signal strength (i.e., gain) and communication experience of the first target frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 10. It can be seen that the communication effect of the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is better.

[0069] In addition, the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application does not require the use of an antenna array, nor does it require the use of a complex phase shifting network and a power division network. Therefore, the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is relatively small in size and can be applied to a relatively compact electronic device 1, and is easy to assemble with other devices in the electronic device 1.

[0070] Please continue reading Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 , Figure 6 for Figure 4 The three-dimensional radiation pattern when the switch in the antenna assembly shown in is in the off state; Figure 7 for Figure 5 A three-dimensional directional pattern when the switch in the antenna assembly shown in is in the on state; Figure 8 for Figure 4 Antenna assembly shown disconnected and Figure 5 A comparison diagram of the two-dimensional directional pattern in the XOY plane when in the on state. Figure 6 and Figure 7, the direction in which the second radiator 120 points to the first radiator 110 is the positive direction of the Y axis, and the direction perpendicular to the first radiator 110 and downward (from the perspective of the diagram) is the positive direction of the X axis. In the XOY plane, within the first preset angle range in the directional diagram: when the switch 131 is in the off state, the first radiator 110 has a first gain when supporting the first target frequency band, and when the switch 131 is in the on state, the second radiator 120 has a second gain when supporting the first target frequency band, wherein the second gain is less than the first gain. In this embodiment, the XOY plane is the plane where the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 are located, that is, the plane defined by the long side of the first radiator 110 and the short side of the first radiator 110.

[0071] Within the second preset angle range of the radiation pattern: when the switch 131 is in the off state, the first radiator 110 has a third gain when supporting the first target frequency band; when the switch 131 is in the on state, the second radiator 120 has a fourth gain when supporting the first target frequency band, wherein the fourth gain is greater than the third gain, and the second preset angle range does not overlap with the first preset angle range.

[0072] exist Figure 8 In the figure, curve ① is the directional pattern curve when the switch 131 of the antenna component 10 is in the on state, also called the directional pattern curve in state 1; curve ② is the directional pattern curve when the switch 131 of the antenna component 10 is in the off state, also called the directional pattern curve in state 2.

[0073] It can be seen that in the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the directional patterns of the switch 131 when it is in the off state and the on state are different. In these two states, the directional patterns supporting the first target frequency band are different, forming complementary reconfigurable directional patterns. In addition, within the first preset angle range, the switch 131 is in the off state, and the gain of the first radiator 110 when supporting the first target frequency band is larger (that is, the first gain is greater than the second gain). Therefore, when the antenna assembly 10 communicates with other communication devices (such as a base station or a router), when the other communication devices are within the first preset angle range, the switch 131 can be controlled to be disconnected, so that the gain when using the first target frequency band is higher (that is, the signal strength is large), and the communication effect is better. Within the second preset angle range, the switch 131 is in the on state, and the gain of the second radiator 120 when supporting the second target frequency band is larger (that is, the fourth gain is greater than the fourth gain). Therefore, when the antenna assembly 10 communicates with other communication devices (for example, a base station or a router), when the other communication devices are located within the second preset angle range, the switch 131 can be controlled to be turned on so that the gain when using the first target frequency band is higher (that is, the signal strength is high) and the communication effect is better.

[0074] To sum up, the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application can control the state of the switch 131 to achieve the selection of the radiation pattern according to the communication scenario of the antenna assembly 10, thereby improving the signal strength (ie, gain) and communication experience of the first target frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 10.

[0075] Further, by Figure 8 It can be seen that the first preset angle range A1 includes: 120°≤A1≤180°, and 225°≤A1≤285°; the second preset angle range A2 includes: 70°≤A2≤110°, and 190°≤A2≤220°. In this embodiment, the specific value of the first preset angle range and the specific value of the second preset angle are related to the position of the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 in the electronic device 1 used by the antenna assembly 10. In this embodiment, when the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 are arranged corresponding to the long side of the electronic device 1, the specific value of the first preset angle range and the specific value of the second preset angle are as above. When the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 are radiators formed on the frame 320 of the middle frame 30, the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 are located on the long side of the frame 320 (that is, the first frame 321), and the specific value of the first preset angle range and the specific value of the second preset angle are as above.

[0076] In order to better see that the antenna assembly 10 has different directional patterns when the switch 131 is in the off state and the on state, a two-dimensional directional pattern of the XOY plane is taken. It can be seen from this simulation diagram that in the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the directional patterns when the switch 131 is in the off state and the on state are different. In these two states, the directional patterns supporting the first target frequency band are different, forming a complementary reconfigurable directional pattern. In addition, within the first preset angle range (including 120°≤A1≤180°, and 225°≤A1≤285°), the switch 131 is in the off state, and the gain of the first radiator 110 when supporting the first target frequency band is larger (that is, the first gain is greater than the second gain). Therefore, when the antenna assembly 10 communicates with other communication devices (such as a base station or a router), when the other communication devices are within the first preset angle range, the switch 131 can be controlled to be disconnected, so that the gain when using the first target frequency band is higher (that is, the signal strength is large), and the communication effect is better. At 120°≤A1≤180°, and 225°≤A1≤285°, the first gain is greater than the second gain, and the maximum exceeds 5dB. Within the second preset angle range (including 70°≤A2≤110°, and 190°≤A2≤220°), the switch 131 is in the on state, and the gain of the second radiator 120 when supporting the second target frequency band is larger (that is, the fourth gain is greater than the third gain). Therefore, when the antenna assembly 10 communicates with other communication devices (such as a base station or a router), when the other communication devices are within the second preset angle range, the switch 131 can be controlled to be turned on, so that the gain when using the first target frequency band is higher (that is, the signal strength is large), and the communication effect is better.

[0077] To sum up, the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application can control the state of the switch 131 to achieve the selection of the radiation pattern according to the communication scenario of the antenna assembly 10, thereby improving the signal strength (ie, gain) and communication experience of the first target frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 10.

[0078] See also Fig. 9 and Fig.10 , Fig. 9 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of current distribution when the switch in the antenna assembly is in an off state is shown; Fig.10 for Figure 5 The current distribution diagram when the switch in the antenna assembly is in the on state is shown. Fig. 9 When the switch 131 is in the on state, the second radiator 120 resonates in the half wavelength mode. Fig.10 When the switch 131 is in an off state, the first radiator 110 resonates in a quarter-wavelength mode.

[0079] Depend on Fig. 9 It can be seen that when the switch 131 is in the off state, the second radiator 120 is open to the ground, and the second radiator 120 does not meet the boundary condition of supporting the half-wavelength mode. Therefore, the second radiator 120 is not excited, and the first radiator 110 resonates in the quarter-wavelength mode, that is, the 0.25-times-wavelength mode. Specifically, Fig. 9 It can be seen from the current distribution diagram that when the switch 131 is in the off state, the first radiator 110 has a first resonant current, wherein the current strong point of the first resonant current (here the strongest current point) is located at the first ground terminal 111, and the current weak point of the first resonant current (here the weakest current point, i.e., zero point) is located at the first free end 112. The first resonant current distribution is a typical current distribution of a quarter-wavelength mode. Therefore, it can be seen from the distribution of the first resonant current that the first radiator 110 resonates in a quarter-wavelength mode. In addition, Fig. 9 It can also be seen that when the switch 131 is in the off state, the current distribution on the second radiator 120 is weak. Therefore, when the switch 131 is in the off state: the first radiator 110 supports the first target frequency band, while the second radiator 120 does not support or basically does not support the first target frequency band. It can be understood that the "wavelength" of the first radiator 110 resonating in the quarter-wavelength mode refers to the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency point of the first target frequency band supported by the first radiator 110.

[0080] Depend on Fig.10 It can be seen that when the switch 131 is in the on state, the second radiator 120 is connected to the ground, and the first radiator 110 does not meet the boundary conditions for supporting the quarter-wavelength mode. Therefore, the first radiator 110 is not excited, and the second radiator 120 resonates in the half-wavelength mode, that is, the 0.5-times-wavelength mode. Fig.10It can be seen from the current distribution diagram that when the switch 131 is in the on state, the second radiator 120 has a second resonant current, wherein the current strong point of the second resonant current is located at the second free end 122 and the second ground end 121, and the current weak point of the second resonant current is located between the second free end 122 and the second ground end 121 (usually located in the middle position between the second free end 122 and the second ground end 121). It should be noted that the second resonant current has a current strong point at the second free end 122, and the second resonant current has a current strong point at the second ground end 121, and the two current strong points are equal, and both are the maximum values ​​of the second resonant current; it can be understood that in other embodiments, the two resonant currents may also be approximately equal. The distribution of the second resonant current is a typical current distribution of a half-wavelength mode. Therefore, it can be seen from the distribution of the second resonant current that the second radiator 120 resonates in a half-wavelength mode. In addition, by Fig.10 It can also be seen that when the switch 131 is in the on state, the current distribution on the first radiator 110 is very weak. Therefore, when the switch 131 is in the on state: the second radiator 120 supports the first target frequency band, while the first radiator 110 does not support or basically does not support the first target frequency band. It can be understood that the "wavelength" of the second radiator 120 resonating in the half-wavelength mode refers to the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency point of the first target frequency band supported by the second radiator 120.

[0081] Please read further Figure 1 , the connection point P2 is located at the second free end 122 .

[0082] The connection point P2 is located at the second free end 122. Therefore, when the switch 131 is in the on state, the second radiator 120 can couple more energy loaded by the feed source to the first radiator 110, and it is easy to stimulate the half-wavelength mode of the second radiator 120, and enable the second radiator 120 to have a better communication effect when supporting the first target frequency band.

[0083] In one embodiment, see Fig.11 , Fig.11 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the distance between the connection point and the end face in the antenna assembly shown. The second free end 122 has an end face 122a facing the first free end 112, and the distance d between the connection point P2 and the end face of the first free end 112 satisfies: 0≤d≤λ1 / 4, where λ1 is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the first target frequency band.

[0084] For example, the d may be, but is not limited to, 0, or λ1 / 32, or λ1 / 16, or λ1 / 8, or λ1 / 4. It is understandable that the d may also be other values ​​other than the above examples, as long as 0≤d≤λ1 / 4 is satisfied.

[0085] The closer the connection point P2 is to the end face 122a, when the switch 131 is in the on state, the second radiator 120 can be more coupled to the energy loaded by the feed source to the first radiator 110, and it is easy to stimulate the half-wavelength mode of the second radiator 120, and the second radiator 120 has a better communication effect when supporting the first target frequency band. In the embodiment of the present application, when d satisfies: 0≤d≤λ1 / 4, when the switch 131 is in the on state, the second radiator 120 can be more coupled to the energy loaded by the feed source to the first radiator 110, and it is easy to stimulate the half-wavelength mode of the second radiator 120, and the second radiator 120 has a better communication effect when supporting the first target frequency band.

[0086] See also Fig.12 , Fig.12 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the electrical lengths of the first radiator and the second radiator of the antenna assembly is shown. In this embodiment, the electrical length of the first radiator 110 is d1, and the electrical length of the second radiator 120 is d2, wherein d2 / d1=2.

[0087] It can be seen from d2 / d1=2 that the first radiator 110 is a short radiator (also called a terminal branch), the second radiator 120 is a long radiator (also called a long branch), and the electrical length of the second radiator 120 is twice the electrical length of the first radiator 110.

[0088] When d2 / d1=2, the electrical length of the first radiator 110 can be well matched with the electrical length required by the quarter-wavelength mode of the supported first target frequency band, and the electrical length of the second radiator 120 can be well matched with the electrical length required by the half-wavelength mode of the supported first target frequency band, so that the supported first target frequency band has good radiation efficiency. In addition, when d2 / d1=2, the antenna assembly 10 does not need to be provided with a matching device 132 to adjust the electrical length of the second radiator 120, so that the antenna assembly 10 is smaller in size. Since the matching device 132 is not required, the cost of the antenna assembly 10 can be saved.

[0089] In addition, in one embodiment, the electrical length of the first radiator 110 is one quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the first target frequency band; correspondingly, the electrical length of the second radiator 120 is one half of the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the first target frequency band. Since the first radiator 110 resonates in a quarter wavelength mode when the switch 131 is in an off state, when the electrical length of the first radiator 110 is one quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the first target frequency band, the electrical length of the first radiator 110 matches the wavelength mode of the first target frequency band supported by the first radiator 110, so that the first target frequency band supported by the first radiator 110 has better radiation efficiency. Since the second radiator 120 resonates in a half-wavelength mode when the switch 131 is in the on state, when the electrical length of the second radiator 120 is half of the center frequency of the second target frequency band, the electrical length of the second radiator 120 matches the wavelength mode of the first target frequency band supported by the second radiator 120, so that the first target frequency band supported by the second radiator 120 has better radiation efficiency.

[0090] See also Fig.13 , Fig.14 , Fig.15 and Fig.16 , Fig.13 Another embodiment Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the antenna assembly is provided; Fig.14 for Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at II in the middle; Fig.15 For one embodiment Fig.14 A schematic diagram of a switch in the provided antenna assembly in an open state; Fig.16 for Fig.14 Schematic diagram of a switch in an antenna assembly in the on state. The electrical length of the first radiator 110 is d1, and the electrical length of the second radiator 120 is d2, wherein d2 / d1≠2. The adjustable circuit 130 further includes a plurality of matching devices 132, and when the switch 131 is in the on state: the switch 131 electrically connects at least one of the plurality of matching devices 132 to the connection point P2, so that the sum d3 of the electrical length of the second radiator 120 and the electrical length of the at least one satisfies d3 / d1=2.

[0091] The matching device 132 includes a capacitor or an inductor. When the switch 131 electrically connects the at least one of the plurality of matching devices 132 to the connection point P2, the sum of the electrical lengths of the second radiator 120 and the at least one changes compared to the second radiator 120. In this embodiment, since d2 / d1≠2, the adjustable circuit 130 includes a plurality of matching devices 132, and the matching devices 132 can be used to make the sum d3 of the electrical lengths of the second radiator 120 and the at least one electrically connected to the connection point P2 meet the electrical length required by the half-wavelength mode of the first target frequency band. In addition, the sum d3 of the electrical length d2 of the second radiator 120 and the electrical length d2' of the at least one electrically connected to the connection point P2 (marked as 132a in the figure) (i.e., d2+d2'=d3) can be better matched with the electrical length required by the half-wavelength mode of the supported first target frequency band, so that the supported first target frequency band has better radiation efficiency.

[0092] d2 / d1≠2 includes d2 / d1<2 and d2 / d1>2. These two cases will be described in detail later. Fig.17 , Fig.17 for Fig.16 The electrical length diagram of some parts of the antenna assembly is shown in FIG. Figures 2 to 5 In the antenna assembly 10 shown, d2 / d1=2 is taken as an example; Figures 13 to 17 In the antenna assembly shown, d2 / d1>2 is taken as an example for illustration.

[0093] See also Fig.15 and Fig.16 The switch 131 includes a plurality of first ends 1311, each first end 1311 is electrically connected to one of the plurality of matching devices 132 to the connection point P2, and the types of the matching devices 132 electrically connected to each first end 1311 are different, or the types of the matching devices 132 electrically connected to each first end 1311 are the same but with different parameters; when the switch 131 is in the on state, the second end 1312 is electrically connected to one of the plurality of first ends 1311.

[0094] In the embodiment of the present application, the number of the first ends 1311 is two as an example for illustration. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the number of the first ends 1311 can also be greater than two, such as four, or six, etc., as long as the number of the first ends 1311 is greater than or equal to 2. The number of the matching components 132 is equal to the number of the first ends 1311, each first end 1311 is electrically connected to a matching component 132 to the connection point P2, and different first ends 1311 are electrically connected to different matching components 132. It can be understood that the matching component 132 may include one or more matching sub-components. The type of the matching component 132 electrically connected to each first end 1311 is different. For example, the matching component 132 electrically connected to one first end 1311 is an inductor, and the matching component 132 electrically connected to another first end 1311 is a capacitor. The matching devices 132 electrically connected to each first end 1311 are of the same type but have different parameters. For example, the matching devices 132 connected to each first end 1311 are inductors, but the inductance values ​​of each inductor are different; or, the matching devices 132 connected to each first end 1311 are capacitors, but the capacitance values ​​of each capacitor are different.

[0095] The switch 131 in the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a plurality of first ends 1311, and the adjustable circuit 130 also includes a plurality of matching devices 132. Therefore, by controlling the second end 1312 to be electrically connected to one of the plurality of first ends 1311, so that the sum of the electrical lengths of the second radiator 120 and the at least one changes compared to the second radiator 120, so that the sum of the electrical lengths of the second radiator 120 and the at least one electrically connected to the connection point P2 can be better matched with the electrical length required by the half-wavelength mode of the supported first target frequency band, so that the supported first target frequency band has better radiation efficiency. In addition, in the present embodiment, the second grounding end 121 is electrically connected to the ground electrode, so that the number of grounding structures used is small, so that the antenna assembly 10 is small in size and the cost of the antenna assembly 10 can be saved.

[0096] It can be understood that in this embodiment, the switch 131 includes a plurality of first ends 1311, the adjustable circuit 130 also includes a plurality of matching devices 132, each first end 1311 electrically connects one of the plurality of matching devices 132 to the connection point P2, and is combined with the antenna component 10 shown in d2 / d1>2 for illustration. It can be understood that the switch 131 includes a plurality of first ends 1311, each first end 1311 electrically connects one of the plurality of matching devices 132 to the connection point P2, and can also be combined with the embodiment of the antenna component 10 with d2 / d1<2.

[0097] Please also read Fig.18 , Fig.19 , Fig. 20 , Fig.21 , Fig.18 Another embodiment Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the antenna assembly is provided; Fig.19 for Fig.18 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at III in the middle; Fig. 20 For one embodiment Fig.19 A schematic diagram of a switch in the provided antenna assembly in an open state; Fig.21 for Fig.19 The switch 131 includes a plurality of second ends 1312, each second end 1312 is electrically connected to one of the plurality of matching devices 132 to ground, and the types of matching devices 132 electrically connected to each second end 1312 are different, or the types of matching devices 132 electrically connected to each second end 1312 are the same but with different parameters; when the switch 131 is in the on state, the first end 1311 is electrically connected to one of the plurality of second ends 1312.

[0098] In the embodiment of the present application, the number of the second ends 1312 is two as an example for illustration. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the number of the second ends 1312 can also be greater than two, such as four, or six, etc., as long as the number of the second ends 1312 is greater than or equal to 2. The number of the matching components 132 is equal to the number of the second ends 1312, each second end 1312 is electrically connected to a matching component 132 to the ground, and different second ends 1312 are electrically connected to different matching components 132. It can be understood that the matching component 132 may include one or more matching sub-components. The type of the matching component 132 electrically connected to each second end 1312 is different. For example, the matching component 132 electrically connected to one second end 1312 is an inductor, and the matching component 132 electrically connected to another second end 1312 is a capacitor. The matching devices 132 electrically connected to each second end 1312 are of the same type but have different parameters. For example, the matching devices 132 connected to each second end 1312 are inductors, but the inductance values ​​of each inductor are different; or, the matching devices 132 connected to each second end 1312 are capacitors, but the capacitance values ​​of each capacitor are different.

[0099] The switch 131 in the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes multiple second ends 1312, and the adjustable circuit 130 also includes multiple matching devices 132. Therefore, by controlling the first end 1311 to be electrically connected to one of the multiple second ends 1312, the sum of the electrical length of the second radiator 120 and the electrical length d2' of the at least one (marked as 132a in the figure) changes compared with the second radiator 120, so that the sum of the electrical lengths of the second radiator 120 and at least one electrically connected to the connection point P2 can be better matched with the electrical length required by the half-wavelength mode of the supported first target frequency band, so that the supported first target frequency band has better radiation efficiency. Specifically, the sum d3 of the electrical length d2 of the second radiator 120 and the electrical length d2' electrically connected to at least one of the connection points P2 (marked as 132a in the figure) (i.e., d2+d2'=d3) can better match the electrical length required by the half-wavelength mode of the supported first target frequency band, so that the supported first target frequency band has better radiation efficiency.

[0100] See also Fig. 22 , Fig. 22 for Fig.21 The electrical length diagram of some parts of the antenna assembly is shown in FIG. Figures 2 to 5 In the antenna assembly 10 shown, d2 / d1=2 is taken as an example; Figures 13 to 17 In the antenna assembly shown, d2 / d1>2 is used as an example for illustration; Figures 19 to 22 In the antenna assembly shown, d2 / d1<2 is taken as an example for illustration.

[0101] It can be understood that in this embodiment, the switch 131 includes a plurality of second ends 1312, the adjustable circuit 130 also includes a plurality of matching devices 132, and each second end 1312 is electrically connected to one of the plurality of matching devices 132 to the ground, and is combined with the antenna assembly 10 shown in d2 / d1<2 for illustration. It can be understood that the switch 131 includes a plurality of second ends 1312, the adjustable circuit 130 also includes a plurality of matching devices 132, and each second end 1312 is electrically connected to one of the plurality of matching devices 132 to the ground, and can also be combined with the embodiment of the antenna assembly 10 in which d2 / d1>2.

[0102] In combination with the antenna assembly 10 described in the previous embodiment, further, the plurality of matching devices 132 include inductors, and when d2 / d1<2, the switch 131 electrically connects the inductors in the plurality of matching devices 132 to the connection point P2.

[0103] When d2 / d1<2, it indicates that the electrical length of the second radiator 120 is small, and the switch 131 electrically connects the inductor to the connection point P2, and the inductor can be equivalent to a section of the radiator. The sum of the electrical lengths of the second radiator 120 and the inductor electrically connected to the connection point P2 is greater than the electrical length of the second radiator 120. Therefore, when d2 / d1<2, the switch 131 electrically connects the inductor in the plurality of matching devices 132 to the connection point P2, so that the sum of the electrical lengths of the second radiator 120 and the inductor electrically connected to the connection point P2 d3 / d1=2, so that the sum of the electrical lengths of the second radiator 120 and the inductor electrically connected to the connection point P2 can be better matched with the electrical length required by the half-wavelength mode of the supported first target frequency band, so that the supported first target frequency band has better radiation efficiency.

[0104] In combination with the antenna assembly 10 described in the previous embodiment, further, the plurality of matching devices 132 include capacitors, and when d2 / d1 > 2, the switch 131 electrically connects the capacitors in the plurality of matching devices 132 to the connection point P2.

[0105] When d2 / d1>2, it indicates that the electrical length of the second radiator 120 is larger, the switch 131 is electrically connected to the capacitor to the connection point P2, and the sum of the electrical lengths of the second radiator 120 and the capacitor electrically connected to the connection point P2 is less than the electrical length of the second radiator 120. Therefore, when d2 / d1>2, the switch 131 electrically connects the capacitor in the multiple matching devices 132 to the connection point P2, so that the sum of the electrical lengths of the second radiator 120 and the capacitor electrically connected to the connection point P2 d3 / d1=2, so that the sum of the electrical lengths of the second radiator 120 and the inductor electrically connected to the connection point P2 can be better matched with the electrical length required by the half-wavelength mode of the supported first target frequency band, so that the supported first target frequency band has better radiation efficiency.

[0106] Further, in combination with the antenna assembly 10 described in any of the previous embodiments, the first target frequency band includes one of the Sub-6G frequency band, the 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) frequency band, the 5G New Radio (NR) frequency band, the WIFI 2.4G frequency band, and the WIFI 5G frequency band.

[0107] See also Fig.23 , Fig.24 and Fig.25 , Fig.23 A schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided in another embodiment of the present application; Fig.24 An implementation method Fig.23A schematic diagram of the antenna assembly is provided; Fig.25 for Fig.24 An enlarged schematic diagram of point IV in the figure. The second radiator 120 also has a second feeding point P3. The antenna assembly 10 also includes a second feed source S2. The second feed source S2 is electrically connected to the second feeding point P3 to excite the second radiator 120 to support the second target frequency band. In the schematic diagram of the present embodiment, the second radiator 120 also has a second feeding point P3; the antenna assembly 10 also includes a second feed source S2, and the second feed source S2 is electrically connected to the second feeding point P3, which is combined with the schematic diagram of the previous embodiment as an example for illustration. It can be understood that it should not be understood as a limitation on the embodiment of the present application. The second radiator 120 also has a second feeding point P3; the antenna assembly 10 also includes a second feed source S2, and the second feed source S2 is electrically connected to the second feeding point P3, which can also be combined with the antenna assembly 10 provided in any embodiment.

[0108] The second feed source S2 may be located on a circuit board. The second feed source S2 is used to generate a second excitation signal. The second feed source S2 may be electrically connected to the second feed point P3 by, but is not limited to, a conductive spring, a conductive connecting rib (such as a metal connecting rib), or a POP-pin or other electrically conductive member connected to the second feed point P3.

[0109] The second target frequency band may be, but is not limited to, a frequency band of 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) or a frequency band of 5G New Radio (NR). It can be understood that in one embodiment, the second target frequency band is different from the first target frequency band.

[0110] In this embodiment, the antenna assembly 10 also includes a second feed source S2, which can excite the second radiator 120 to support a second target frequency band. It can be seen that the antenna assembly 10 can use the second radiator 120 to support more frequency bands. Compared with using an additional radiator to support the second target frequency band, the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is smaller in size and more compact in structure.

[0111] The embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device 1. The electronic device 1 includes but is not limited to a mobile phone, a telephone, a television, a tablet computer (Pad), a camera, a personal computer, a laptop computer (Personal Computer, PC), a vehicle-mounted device, a headset, a watch, a wearable device, a base station, a vehicle-mounted radar, a customer premise equipment (Customer Premise Equipment, CPE) and other devices that can send and receive electromagnetic wave signals. In this application, the electronic device 1 is taken as an example of a mobile phone, and other devices can refer to the specific description in this application. The electronic device 1 may include an antenna assembly 10 as described in any of the previous embodiments.

[0112] Please refer to Fig.26 and Fig. 27 , Fig.26 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in one embodiment; Fig. 27 for Fig.26 The electronic device 1 further comprises a display screen 70, a middle frame 30 and a housing 90 (also referred to as a battery cover). The display screen 70 and the housing 90 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the middle frame 30. Fig. 27 The middle frame 30 includes a frame body 310 and a frame 320. The frame 320 is disposed around the periphery of the frame body 310. The first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 in the antenna assembly 10 are formed on the frame 320.

[0113] The middle frame 30 is usually conductive, such as a metal material (such as aluminum or aluminum-magnesium alloy). In the electronic device 1, the middle frame 30 is usually used to support the display screen 70 and the battery cover. Since the middle frame 30 is conductive, the middle frame 30 can also be used as a ground electrode. The devices in the electronic device 1 can be directly or indirectly electrically connected to the middle frame 30 for grounding.

[0114] Specifically, in this embodiment, the frame 320 has an outer surface 320a away from the frame body 310. A first gap 320b is provided between the frame body 310 and a portion of the frame 320, and the frame 320 has a second gap 320c (i.e., the coupling gap 110a) located on the outer surface 320a and connected to the first gap 320b, thereby forming the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 as the portion of the frame 320.

[0115] In this embodiment, the frame body 310 can be used as a ground electrode. The first grounding terminal 111 of the first radiator 110 is electrically connected to the frame body 310 for grounding, and the second grounding terminal 121 of the second radiator 120 is electrically connected to the frame body 310 for grounding.

[0116] Compared with a structure in which at least one of the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 is independent of the middle frame 30, in this embodiment, part of the frame 320 of the middle frame 30 of the electronic device 1 is reused as the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120, which can make the electronic device 1 smaller and easier to assemble.

[0117] In addition, in one embodiment, the middle frame 30 and at least one of the housing 90 and the display screen 70 also form a receiving space. The electronic device 1 also includes a battery, functional devices (the functional devices may include one or more of a camera module, a microphone, a receiver, a speaker, a face recognition module, and a fingerprint recognition module) and other devices that can realize the basic functions of the mobile phone, which are arranged in the receiving space, and will not be repeated in this embodiment. It can be understood that the above introduction to the electronic device 1 is only a description of an environment in which the antenna assembly 10 is used, and the specific structure of the electronic device 1 should not be understood as a limitation on the antenna assembly 10 provided in this application. In other embodiments, the electronic device 1 may also not include the display screen 70 and at least one of the housing 90.

[0118] Please continue reading Fig. 27 The frame 320 includes a first frame 321 and a second frame 322 which are bent and connected. The length of the first frame 321 is greater than the length of the second frame 322 , and the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 are located in the first frame 321 .

[0119] Generally speaking, the lower the frequency band supported by the radiator, the longer the electrical length of the radiator; correspondingly, the higher the frequency band supported by the radiator, the shorter the length of the radiator. In this embodiment, the length of the first border 321 is greater than that of the second border 322, the first border 321 is a long border 320, and the second border 322 is a short border 320. The first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 are located in the first border 321, so the first border 321 has a sufficient size to prepare the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120, and when the size of the first target frequency band supported by the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 is low, the first border 321 also has a relatively sufficient size.

[0120] In another embodiment, the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 are located in the second frame 322; or, the first radiator 110 is located in one of the first frame 321 and the second frame 322, and the second radiator 120 is located in the other of the first frame 321 and the second frame 322; or, part of the first radiator 110 is located in the first frame 321, the other part of the first radiator 110 is located in the second frame 322, and the second radiator 120 is located in the first frame 321 or the second frame 322. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the positions of the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 in the frame 320.

[0121] See also Fig.28 , Fig.28 for Fig.26 The electronic device 1 further comprises a processor 50. The processor 50 is electrically connected to the switch 131 of the adjustable circuit 130, and the processor 50 is used to control the on and off of the switch 131.

[0122] In one embodiment, the processor 50 is electrically connected to the switch 131, so the processor 50 can control the state of the switch 131 to select the directional pattern according to the communication scenario of the antenna assembly 10, thereby improving the signal strength (i.e., gain) and communication experience of the first target frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 10. It can be understood that in the electronic device 1 shown in this embodiment, the electronic device 1 also includes a processor 50 combined with the antenna assembly 10 provided in the previous embodiment is used as an example for illustration. It can be understood that it should not constitute a limitation on the embodiment of the present application, and the electronic device 1 also includes a processor 50 and can also be combined with the antenna assembly 10 provided in any of the previous embodiments.

[0123] Furthermore, when the electronic device 1 is in a preset posture: when the switch 131 is in an off state, the first radiator 110 has a first preset gain when supporting the first target frequency band; when the switch 131 is in an on state, the second radiator 120 has a second preset gain when supporting the first target frequency band; if the second preset gain is greater than the first preset gain, the processor 50 controls the switch 131 to be turned on; if the second preset gain is less than the first preset gain, the processor 50 controls the switch 131 to be turned off.

[0124] Generally speaking, when the electronic device 1 communicates with other communication devices (for example, a base station or a router), the relative position relationship between the other communication devices and the electronic device 1 is not easy to obtain. Therefore, when the electronic device 1 is in a preset posture: the processor 50 can control the switch 131 to be in an off state and control the switch 131 to be in an on state, record the gain of the switch 131 when it is in the on state as the first preset gain, and record the gain of the switch 131 when it is in the off state as the second preset gain, and compare the first preset gain and the second preset gain, and control the switch 131 according to the first preset gain and the second preset gain, so that the gain of the first target frequency band supported is larger. Therefore, the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application has a better communication effect.

[0125] In summary, the antenna assembly 10 provided in one embodiment of the present application includes a switch 131 in the adjustable circuit 130 of the antenna assembly 10, and the switch 131 can switch the working mode of the antenna assembly 10 between the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120, thereby realizing the reconfiguration of the directional pattern of the antenna assembly 10. Therefore, according to the communication scenario of the antenna assembly 10, the state of the switch 131 can be controlled to realize the selection of the directional pattern, thereby improving the signal strength (i.e., gain) and communication experience of the first target frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 10.

[0126] Furthermore, when the switch 131 is in the on state, the second radiator 120 resonates in the half-wavelength mode; when the switch 131 is in the off state, the first radiator 110 resonates in the quarter-wavelength mode. Therefore, the switch 131 of the switching circuit can realize the switching of the working mode of the antenna assembly 10 between the quarter-wavelength mode of the first radiator 110 and the half-wavelength mode of the second radiator 120, thereby realizing the reconfigurable directional pattern of the antenna assembly 10. Therefore, according to the communication scenario of the antenna assembly 10, the state of the switch 131 can be controlled to realize the selection of the directional pattern, thereby improving the signal strength (i.e., gain) and communication experience of the first target frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 10.

[0127] The above is part of the implementation methods of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present application. These improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna assembly, characterized in that: The antenna assembly comprises: A first radiator, the first radiator having a first grounding end, a first feeding point and a first free end, the first grounding end being grounded; a second radiator, the second radiator having a second grounding end, a connection point and a second free end, the second grounding end is grounded, and the second free end is opposite to and spaced from the first free end to form a coupling gap; a first feed source electrically connected to the first feed point; and An adjustable circuit, the adjustable circuit comprising a switch, the switch comprising a first end and a second end, the first end being electrically connected to the connection point, and the second end being grounded; When the switch is in the on state, the second radiator supports the first target frequency band, and the antenna assembly has a first radiation pattern; when the switch is in the off state, the first radiator supports the first target frequency band, and the antenna assembly has a second radiation pattern, wherein the second radiation pattern is different from the first radiation pattern.

2. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein: In the two-dimensional plane where the first radiator and the second radiator are located, within the first preset angle range in the directional diagram: when the switch is in the off state, the first radiator has a first gain when supporting the first target frequency band, and when the switch is in the on state, the second radiator has a second gain when supporting the first target frequency band, wherein the second gain is less than the first gain; Within the second preset angle range of the radiation pattern: when the switch is in an off state, the first radiator has a third gain when supporting the first target frequency band; when the switch is in an on state, the second radiator has a fourth gain when supporting the first target frequency band, wherein the fourth gain is greater than the third gain, and the second preset angle range does not overlap with the first preset angle range.

3. The antenna assembly according to claim 2, wherein: The first preset angle range A1 includes: 120°≤A1≤180°, and 225°≤A1≤285°; the second preset angle range A2 includes: 70°≤A2≤110°, and 190°≤A2≤220°.

4. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein: When the switch is in an on state, the second radiator resonates in a half-wavelength mode; when the switch is in an off state, the first radiator resonates in a quarter-wavelength mode.

5. The antenna assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that The connection point is located at the second free end.

6. The antenna assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that The electrical length of the first radiator is d1, and the electrical length of the second radiator is d2, wherein d2 / d1=2.

7. The antenna assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electrical length of the first radiator is d1, and the electrical length of the second radiator is d2, wherein d2 / d1≠2; The adjustable circuit also includes multiple matching devices. When the switch is in the on state: the switch electrically connects at least one of the multiple matching devices to the connection point so that the sum d3 of the electrical length of the second radiator and the electrical length of the at least one satisfies d3 / d1=2.

8. The antenna assembly according to claim 7, wherein: The switch includes a plurality of first ends, each of which is electrically connected to one of the plurality of matching devices to the connection point, and the types of matching devices electrically connected to each first end are different, or the types of matching devices electrically connected to each first end are the same but with different parameters; when the switch is in an on state, the second end is electrically connected to one of the plurality of first ends.

9. The antenna assembly according to claim 7, wherein: The switch includes multiple second ends, each second end is electrically connected to one of the multiple matching devices to ground, and the types of matching devices electrically connected to each second end are different, or the types of matching devices electrically connected to each second end are the same but with different parameters; when the switch is in an on state, the first end is electrically connected to one of the multiple second ends.

10. The antenna assembly according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that: The plurality of matching devices include inductors, and when d2 / d1 < 2, the switch electrically connects the inductors in the plurality of matching devices to the connection point.

11. The antenna assembly according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that: The plurality of matching devices include capacitors, and when d2 / d1 > 2, the switch electrically connects the capacitors in the plurality of matching devices to the connection point.

12. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The first target frequency band includes one of a Sub-6G frequency band, an LTE frequency band, a NR frequency band, a WIFI 2.4G frequency band, and a WIFI 5G frequency band.

13. The antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The second radiator further has a second feeding point, and the antenna assembly further includes: A second feed source is electrically connected to the second feed point to excite the second radiator to support a second target frequency band.

14. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises a middle frame and an antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the middle frame comprises: a frame body; and A frame, the frame being arranged around the periphery of the frame body; Wherein, the first radiator and the second radiator in the antenna assembly are formed on the frame.

15. The electronic device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The electronic device further comprises: A processor is electrically connected to the switch, and is used to control the on and off of the switch.

16. The electronic device according to claim 15, characterized in that: When the electronic device is in a preset posture: when the switch is in an off state, the first radiator has a first preset gain when supporting the first target frequency band; when the switch is in an on state, the second radiator has a second preset gain when supporting the first target frequency band; if the second preset gain is greater than the first preset gain, the processor controls the switch to be turned on; if the second preset gain is less than the first preset gain, the processor controls the switch to be turned off.

17. The electronic device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The frame includes a first frame and a second frame that are bent and connected to each other. The length of the first frame is greater than the length of the second frame. The first radiator and the second radiator are located in the first frame.

Images