Antenna assembly and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention provides an antenna assembly and electronic equipment. The antenna assembly comprises a radiator, a feed source and an adjustable circuit. The radiator is provided with a grounding end, a feeding point, a connection point and a free end, the grounding end is grounded, and the connection point is closer to the free end than the feeding point; the feed source is electrically connected to the feed point; the adjustable circuit comprises a switch, the switch comprises a first end and a second end, the first end is electrically connected to the connection point, and the second end is grounded; wherein when the switch is in a first state, the connection point is grounded through the adjustable circuit, and a radiation part, between the connection point and the grounding end, in the radiator supports a target frequency band; when the switch is in the second state, the whole branch knot of the radiator supports the target frequency band, and when the switch is in the first state, a directional diagram of the radiation part supporting the target frequency band is different from a directional diagram of the whole branch knot of the radiator supporting the target frequency band when the switch is in the second state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna assembly and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of technology, electronic devices with communication functions such as mobile phones are becoming more and more popular and their functions are becoming more and more powerful. Electronic devices usually include antenna components to realize the communication function of electronic devices. However, the communication performance of antenna components in electronic devices in related technologies is not good enough and there is still room for improvement. Summary of the invention

[0003] In a first aspect, the present application provides an antenna assembly, the antenna assembly comprising:

[0004] a radiator, the radiator having a grounding end, a feeding point, a connection point and a free end, the grounding end is grounded, and the connection point is closer to the free end than the feeding point;

[0005] a feed source electrically connected to the feed point; and

[0006] An adjustable circuit, the adjustable circuit comprising a switch, the switch comprising a first end and a second end, the first end being electrically connected to the connection point, and the second end being grounded;

[0007] Wherein, when the switch is in a first state, the connection point is grounded through the adjustable circuit, and a radiating portion of the radiator located between the connection point and the ground end supports a target frequency band; when the switch is in a second state, the entire branch of the radiator supports the target frequency band, and a directional pattern of the radiating portion supporting the target frequency band when the switch is in the first state is different from a directional pattern when the entire branch of the radiator supports the target frequency band when the switch is in the second state.

[0008] In a second aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, the electronic device comprising a middle frame and the antenna assembly according to the first aspect, the middle frame comprising:

[0009] a frame body; and

[0010] A frame, the frame being arranged around the periphery of the frame body;

[0011] Wherein, the radiator in the antenna assembly is formed on the frame.

[0012] In summary, the antenna assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application has a switch of the antenna assembly having two states, a first state and a second state. In the first state, the radiating portion of the radiator located from the connection point to the ground terminal is used to support the target frequency band, and in the second state, the entire branch of the radiator is used to support the target frequency band. Therefore, in these two states, the directional patterns when supporting the target frequency band are different, forming a complementary reconfigurable directional pattern, so that in at least some directions, the gain of the radiating portion of the radiator when supporting the target frequency band is different from the gain of the entire branch of the radiator supporting the target frequency band. Therefore, according to the communication scenario of the antenna assembly, the state of the switch can be controlled to achieve the selection of the directional pattern, thereby improving the signal strength (i.e., gain) and communication experience of the target frequency band supported by the antenna assembly. It can be seen that the communication effect of the antenna assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application is better. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0015] Figure 2 for Figure 1 An equivalent schematic diagram of the antenna assembly shown in ;

[0016] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at position I in the middle;

[0017] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a switch in an antenna assembly in a first state;

[0018] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a switch in an antenna assembly in a second state;

[0019] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A three-dimensional directional diagram when the switch in the antenna assembly shown in is in a first state;

[0020] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A three-dimensional directional pattern when the switch in the antenna assembly shown in is in a second state;

[0021] Figure 8 for Figure 4 The Phi-Theta coordinate diagram in the spherical coordinate pattern when the antenna assembly is in the first state and Figure 5 A schematic diagram of Phi-Theta coordinates in the spherical coordinate pattern when the antenna assembly is in the second state;

[0022] Fig. 9 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of current distribution when the switch in the antenna assembly is in a first state;

[0023] Fig.10 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of current distribution when the switch in the antenna assembly is in a second state;

[0024] Fig.11 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the distance between the connection point and the ground terminal in the radiator;

[0025] Fig.12 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the distance between the feeding point and the ground terminal in the radiator;

[0026] Fig.13 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the size identification of some parts of the central radiator;

[0027] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Fig.15 for Fig.14 An equivalent schematic diagram of the antenna assembly shown in ;

[0029] Fig.16 for Fig.15 The enlarged schematic diagram of II in the middle;

[0030] Fig.17 For one embodiment Fig.16 A schematic diagram of the structure when the middle switch is in the first state;

[0031] Fig.18 An implementation method Fig.16 A schematic diagram of a switch in an antenna assembly in a second state;

[0032] Fig.19 for Fig.16 A schematic diagram of the electrical length of a radiator in the antenna assembly shown;

[0033] Fig. 20 A schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Fig.21 for Fig. 20 An equivalent schematic diagram of the antenna assembly shown in ;

[0035] Fig. 22 for Fig.21 The enlarged schematic diagram of the III in the middle;

[0036] Fig.23 For one embodiment Fig. 22 A schematic diagram of a switch in a first state;

[0037] Fig.24 An implementation method Fig. 22 A schematic diagram of the switch in a second state;

[0038] Fig.25 for Fig. 22 A schematic diagram of the electrical lengths of some components of the antenna assembly shown;

[0039] Fig.26 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in one embodiment;

[0040] Fig. 27 for Fig.26 A schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of an electronic device;

[0041] Fig.28 for Fig.26 Schematic diagram of the electronic device shown in FIG.

[0042] Description of main component numbers:

[0043] Electronic device 1, antenna assembly 10, middle frame 30, processor 50, display screen 70, housing 90;

[0044] Radiator 110, first ground terminal 111, feeding point P1, connection point P2, free end 112, radiation portion 112a;

[0045] Feed source S, adjustable circuit 130, switch 131, matching device 132, first end 1311, second end 1312;

[0046] Frame body 310, frame 320, first frame 321, second frame 322;

[0047] Outer surface 320a, first gap 320b, second gap 320c. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The technical solution of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described in the present application are only a part of the embodiments, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments provided in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0049] Reference to "embodiments" in this application means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative to other embodiments. It can be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0050] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example: a component or device including one or more parts is not limited to the one or more parts listed, but optionally includes one or more parts that are not listed but inherent to the exemplified product, or one or more parts that it should have based on the described function.

[0051] An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna assembly 10. Next, the antenna assembly 10 provided by the embodiment of the present application will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 for Figure 1 An equivalent schematic diagram of the antenna assembly shown in ; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at position I in the middle; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a switch in an antenna assembly in a first state; Figure 5 for Figure 3Schematic diagram of a switch in an antenna assembly in the second state. The antenna assembly 10 includes a radiator 110, a feed source S and an adjustable circuit 130. The radiator 110 has a ground terminal 111, a feed point P1, a connection point P2 and a free end 112. The ground terminal 111 is grounded, and the connection point P2 is closer to the free end 112 than the feed point P1. The feed source S is electrically connected to the feed point P1. The adjustable circuit 130 includes a switch 131, and the switch 131 includes a first end 1311 and a second end 1312, the first end 1311 is electrically connected to the connection point P2, and the second end 1312 is grounded. Wherein, when the switch 131 is in the first state, the connection point P2 is grounded through the adjustable circuit 130, and the radiation part 110a of the radiator 110 located between the connection point P2 and the ground terminal 111 supports the target frequency band. When the switch 131 is in the second state, the entire branch of the radiator 110 supports the target frequency band, and when the switch 131 is in the first state, the radiation pattern of the radiating part 110a supporting the target frequency band is different from the radiation pattern when the entire branch of the radiator 110 supports the target frequency band when the switch 131 is in the second state.

[0052] The radiator 110 may be a laser direct structuring (LDS) radiator 110, or a flexible printed circuit (FPC) radiator, or a print direct structuring (PDS) radiator, or a metal branch radiator. When the antenna assembly 10 is applied to an electronic device 1, the radiator 110 may be a mechanical design antenna (MDA) radiator designed using the metal insert of the electronic device 1 itself. For example, the radiator 110 may be an antenna radiator 110 designed using the middle frame 30 formed of plastic and metal of the electronic device 1. In addition, the radiator 110 may also be a metal frame antenna radiator 110 designed using a metal middle frame 30.

[0053] It is understandable that the present application does not specifically limit the shape, structure and material of the radiator 110. The shapes of the radiator 110 include but are not limited to bent, straight, L-shaped, sheet-shaped, rod-shaped, coated, thin film, etc. When the radiator 110 is in a strip shape, the present application does not limit the extension trajectory of the radiator 110, so the radiator 110 can extend in a straight line, a curve, a multi-stage bend, etc. The above-mentioned radiator 110 can be a line with uniform width on the extension trajectory, or it can be an irregular shape with different widths such as a gradual width and a widened area. In the schematic diagram of this embodiment, the radiator 110 extends along a straight line trajectory. It is understandable that the radiator 110 shown in the schematic diagram of this embodiment should not be understood as a limitation of the radiator 110 provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0054] The radiator 110 has two ends, one of which is a free end 112, named free end 112, and the other end is a grounding end 111, named grounding end 111. The grounding end 111 can be electrically connected to a ground electrode (also called a floor, a ground system, or a system ground) through a grounding structure such as a conductive spring, a conductive connecting rib (such as a metal connecting rib), or a pop-pin connector to be grounded.

[0055] When the antenna assembly 10 is applied to the electronic device 1, the ground electrode may be, but is not limited to, the frame body 310 of the middle frame 30 in the electronic device 1, or the ground in the circuit board, or the shielding part of the display screen 70, or a conductive battery cover, etc.

[0056] In the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present application, the switch 131 is illustrated as a single-pole single-throw switch (Single Pole Single Throw, SPST) as an example. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the switch 131 can also be a single-pole multi-throw switch, etc. The switch 131 shown in the schematic diagram of this embodiment should not be understood as a limitation on the embodiment of the present application. The way in which the first end 1311 of the switch 131 is electrically connected to the connection point P2 can be, but is not limited to, the first end 1311 is directly electrically connected to the connection point P2, or the first end 1311 is electrically connected to the connection point P2 through a matching device 132. It should be noted that the first end 1311 is directly electrically connected to the connection point P2 means that there is no matching device 132 between the first end 1311 and the connection point P2, and the first end 1311 can be electrically connected to the connection point P2 through a conductive line (such as a flexible printed circuit (PCB) trace). Accordingly, the second end 1312 may be grounded in such a manner that the grounding structure of the second end 1312 is electrically connected to the ground, and there is no matching device 132 between the second end 1312 and the ground; or, the second end 1312 is electrically connected to the ground through the grounding structure, and there is a matching device 132 between the second end 1312 and the ground. In the schematic diagram of this embodiment, the first end 1311 is electrically connected to the connection point P2, and there is no matching device 132 between the first end 1311 and the connection point P2, and the second end 1312 is electrically connected to the ground, and there is no matching device 132 between the second end 1312 and the ground. It can be understood that this should not be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0057] In this embodiment, the single-pole single-throw switch is a two-port device, the first end 1311 is electrically connected to the radiator 110 through an electrical connection structure such as a PCB conductor (also called a PCB trace), a spring, etc., and the second end 1312 can be electrically connected to the system ground of the electronic device 1 through a ground electrode in the PCB. In one embodiment, the system ground is a ground electrode formed by the frame body 310 of the middle frame 30.

[0058] The feed source S may be located on a circuit board. The feed source S is used to generate an excitation signal. The feed source S may be electrically connected to the feed point P1 by, but is not limited to, a conductive spring, a conductive connecting rib (such as a metal connecting rib), or a POP-pin or other electrically conductive member connected to the feed point P1.

[0059] In this embodiment, the first end 1311 is electrically connected to the connection point P2, and there is no matching device 132 between the first end 1311 and the connection point P2, and the second end 1312 is electrically connected to the ground, and there is no matching device 132 between the second end 1312 and the ground. In this embodiment, when the first end 1311 and the second end 1312 of the switch 131 are electrically connected, the switch 131 is turned on, and the connection point P2 of the second radiator 110 is grounded; when the first end 1311 and the second end 1312 of the switch 131 are electrically disconnected, the switch 131 is turned off, and the connection point P2 of the second radiator 110 is disconnected from the ground. It can be seen that the switch 131 has two states, which are named the first state and the second state. In this embodiment, the first state is the on state (also referred to as state 1) when the first end 1311 of the switch 131 is electrically connected to the second end 1312, and the second state is the off state (also referred to as state 2) when the first end 1311 of the switch 131 is electrically disconnected from the second end 1312. It can be understood that in this embodiment, the first state represents the on state of the switch 131, and the second state represents the off state of the switch 131; in other embodiments, the first state and the second state of the switch 131 may also refer to the on state of the switch 131 and the two states of the matching device 132 connected to the connection point P2 are different. The first state and the second state of the switch 131 will be described later in conjunction with the specific structure of the on circuit.

[0060] When the switch 131 is in the first state (the on state in this embodiment): the connection point P2 is grounded (that is, the connection point P2 is electrically connected to the ground pole), the radiating portion 110a in the radiator 110 supports the target frequency band, and the radiating portion 110a has a first directional pattern when supporting the target frequency band. When the switch 131 is in the second state (the off state in this embodiment): the connection point P2 is electrically disconnected from the ground pole, the entire branch of the radiator 110 supports the target frequency band, and the entire branch of the radiator 110 has a second directional pattern when supporting the target frequency band. Among them, the second directional pattern is different from the first directional pattern. It can be seen that the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application has different directional patterns supporting the target frequency band when the switch 131 is in the first state or the switch 131 is in the second state, which is also called a complementary reconfigurable directional pattern. The second directional pattern is different from the first directional pattern, which means that in the first directional pattern and the second directional pattern, the gain of the target frequency band in at least some directions is different (also called different signal strength). In other words, in the directional pattern supporting the target frequency band, in at least some directions, the gain when the radiator 110 is used to support the target frequency band is different from the gain when the radiator 110 is used to support the target frequency band.

[0061] In summary, the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the switch 131 of the antenna assembly 10 has two states, a first state and a second state. In the first state, the radiating portion 110a located from the connection point P2 to the ground terminal 111 in the radiator 110 is used to support the target frequency band, and in the second state, the entire branch of the radiator 110 is used to support the target frequency band. Therefore, in these two states, the directional patterns when supporting the target frequency band are different, forming a complementary reconfigurable directional pattern, so that in at least some directions, the gain of the radiating portion 110a of the radiator 110 when supporting the target frequency band is different from the gain of the entire branch of the radiator 110 supporting the target frequency band. Therefore, according to the communication scenario of the antenna assembly 10, the state of the switch 131 can be controlled to achieve the selection of the directional pattern, thereby improving the signal strength (i.e., gain) and communication experience of the target frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 10. It can be seen that the communication effect of the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is better.

[0062] In addition, the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application does not need to use an antenna array, nor does it need to use a complex phase shift network and power division network. Therefore, the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is small in size and can be applied to a relatively compact electronic device 1, and is easy to assemble with other devices in the electronic device 1. In addition, compared with antenna structures of other structures, the structure of the radiator 110 of the antenna structure of the present application is relatively simple, and the number of switches 131 is relatively small.

[0063] Please continue reading Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 , Figure 6 for Figure 4 A three-dimensional directional diagram when the switch in the antenna assembly shown in is in a first state; Figure 7 for Figure 5 A three-dimensional directional pattern when the switch in the antenna assembly shown in is in a second state; Figure 8 for Figure 4 The Phi-Theta coordinate diagram in the spherical coordinate pattern when the antenna assembly is in the first state and Figure 5 The Phi-Theta coordinate diagram of the spherical coordinates when the antenna assembly is in the second state is shown. In the first preset angle range of the spherical coordinate system directional diagram: when the switch 131 is in the first state (switch 131 is turned on), the radiating part 110a has a first gain when supporting the target frequency band; when the switch 131 is in the second state (disconnected), the entire branch of the radiator 110 has a second gain when supporting the target frequency band, wherein the first gain is greater than the second gain. In the two-dimensional plane defined by the long side of the radiator 110 and the short side of the radiator 110, within the second preset angle range of the directional diagram: when the switch 131 is in the first state (switch 131 is turned on), the radiating part 110a has a third gain when supporting the target frequency band; when the switch 131 is in the second state (disconnected), the entire branch of the radiator 110 has a fourth gain when supporting the target frequency band, wherein the third gain is less than the fourth gain.

[0064] It can be seen that in the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the directional patterns of the switch 131 in the second state and the first state are different. In these two states, the directional patterns supporting the target frequency band are different, forming complementary reconfigurable directional patterns. In addition, within the first preset angle range, the switch 131 is in the second state, and the gain of the radiating part 110a of the radiator 110 when supporting the target frequency band is larger (that is, the first gain is greater than the second gain). Therefore, when the antenna assembly 10 communicates with other communication devices (such as a base station or a router), when the other communication devices are located within the first preset angle range, the switch 131 can be controlled to be in the first state, so that the gain when using the target frequency band is higher (that is, the signal strength is large), and the communication effect is better. Within the second preset angle range, the switch 131 is in the first state, and the gain of the radiating part 110a of the second radiator 110 when supporting the target frequency band is smaller (that is, the third gain is less than the fourth gain). Therefore, when the antenna assembly 10 communicates with other communication devices (for example, a base station or a router), when the other communication devices are located within the second preset angle range, the switch 131 can be controlled to be in the second state so that the gain when using the target frequency band is higher (that is, the signal strength is high) and the communication effect is better.

[0065] To sum up, the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application can control the state of the switch 131 to achieve the selection of the directional pattern according to the communication scenario of the antenna assembly 10, thereby improving the signal strength (ie, gain) and communication experience of the target frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 10.

[0066] The first preset angle range A1 includes: the first preset angle range A1 includes: 0°≤Phi≤90° and 120°≤Theta≤180°, 270°≤Phi≤360° and 120°≤Theta≤180°, 0°≤Phi≤90° and 0°≤Theta≤60°, 270°≤Phi≤360° and 0°≤Theta≤60°; the second preset angle range A2 includes: 90°≤Phi≤165° and 30°≤Theta≤150°, 195°≤Phi≤270° and 30°≤Theta≤150°. Please continue to refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 (a) is a schematic diagram of Phi-Theta coordinates in the spherical coordinates direction diagram when the switch is in the first state; Figure 8 (b) is a schematic diagram of the Phi-Theta coordinates in the spherical coordinates when the switch is in the second state. Figure 8 (a) and Figure 8In (b), the horizontal axis is Phi and the vertical axis is Theta. Each point in the coordinate diagram represents the directional size under the corresponding horizontal axis Phi and the corresponding vertical axis Theta. In the simulation software, different gain values ​​are indicated by different colors. In the schematic diagram, the part with a dotted line frame is the part with a larger gain value. Figure 8 In (a), the gain of the part framed by the dotted line is larger; Figure 8 In (b), the gain of the part framed by the dotted line is larger. Figure 8 In (a), the first preset angle range A1 is 0°≤Phi≤90° and 120°≤Theta≤180° (corresponding to Figure 8 The lower left dashed box in (a), 270°≤Phi≤360° and 120°≤Theta≤180° (corresponding to Figure 8 The lower right dashed box in (a)), 0°≤Phi≤90° and 0°≤Theta≤60° (corresponding to Figure 8 The upper left dashed box in (a), 270°≤Phi≤360° and 0°≤Theta≤60° (corresponding to Figure 8 The dashed box in the upper right corner of (a). Figure 8 In (b), the second preset angle range A2 includes: 90°≤Phi≤165° and 30°≤Theta≤150° (corresponding to Figure 8 (b) in the left dashed box), 195°≤Phi≤270° and 30°≤Theta≤150° (corresponding to Figure 8 (the dashed box on the right in (b)).

[0067] It can be seen that in the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the directional patterns of the switch 131 in the second state and the first state are different. In these two states, the directional patterns supporting the target frequency band are different, forming complementary reconfigurable directional patterns. In addition, within the specific range of the above values ​​of the first preset angle range, the switch 131 is in the first state, and the gain of the radiating part 110a of the radiator 110 when supporting the target frequency band is large (that is, the first gain is greater than the second gain). Therefore, when the antenna assembly 10 communicates with other communication devices (such as a base station or a router), when the other communication devices are within the specific range of the above values ​​of the first preset angle range, the switch 131 can be controlled to be in the first state, so that the gain when using the target frequency band is high (that is, the signal strength is large), and the communication effect is better. Within the second preset angle range, the switch 131 is in the first state, and the gain of the radiating part 110a of the radiator 110 when supporting the target frequency band is small (that is, the third gain is less than the fourth gain). Therefore, when the antenna assembly 10 communicates with other communication devices (for example, a base station or a router), when the other communication devices are located within the second preset angle range, the switch 131 can be controlled to be in the second state so that the gain when using the target frequency band is higher (that is, the signal strength is high) and the communication effect is better.

[0068] To sum up, the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application can control the state of the switch 131 to achieve the selection of the directional pattern according to the communication scenario of the antenna assembly 10, thereby improving the signal strength (ie, gain) and communication experience of the target frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 10.

[0069] See also Fig. 9 and Fig.10 , Fig. 9 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of current distribution when the switch in the antenna assembly is in a first state; Fig.10 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of current distribution when the switch in the antenna assembly is in the second state. Fig. 9 When the switch 131 is in the first state, the half-wavelength mode of the radiation portion 110a of the radiator 110 supports the target frequency band. Fig.10 When the switch 131 is in the second state, the three-quarter wavelength mode of the entire branch of the radiator 110 supports the target frequency band.

[0070] Depend on Fig. 9It can be seen that when the switch 131 is in the first state, the radiation portion 110a of the radiator 110 located between the connection point P2 and the ground terminal 111 resonates in a half wavelength mode, that is, a 0.5 wavelength mode. Fig. 9 It can be seen from the current distribution diagram shown that when the switch 131 is in the first state, the radiating portion has a first resonant current, wherein the current strong point of the first resonant current (i.e., the position where the maximum value of the first resonant current is located) is located at the ground terminal 111 and the connection point P2 where the adjustable circuit 130 is connected to the radiator 110, and the current weak point of the first resonant current (i.e., the position where the minimum value of the first resonant current is located, also called the current zero point or zero point) is located in the middle of the connection point P2 and the ground terminal 111. The distribution of the first resonant current is a typical current distribution of a half-wavelength mode. Therefore, it can be seen from the distribution of the first resonant current that the radiating portion 110a of the radiator 110 resonates in a half-wavelength mode. In addition, by Fig. 9 It can also be seen that when the switch 131 is in the first state, the current distribution in other parts of the radiator 110 is weak. Therefore, when the switch 131 is in the first state, the radiating part 110a of the radiator 110 located at the connection point P2 and the ground end 111 supports the target frequency band, while the other parts of the radiator 110 located between the free end 112 and the connection point P2 do not support or basically do not support the target frequency band.

[0071] It can be understood that the “wavelength” of the radiation portion 110 a resonating in the half-wavelength mode refers to the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency point of the target frequency band supported by the radiator 110 .

[0072] Depend on Fig.10 It can be seen that when the switch 131 is in the second state, the radiation portion 110a of the radiator 110 no longer meets the boundary condition of supporting the half-wavelength mode, and the entire branch of the radiator 110 resonates in the three-quarter wavelength mode, that is, the 0.75 wavelength mode. Fig.10 As can be seen from the current distribution diagram, when the switch 131 is in the second state, the radiator 110 has a second resonant current, and the second resonant current has two current strong points and two current weak points. The second resonant current includes a first sub-current I 21 and the second sub-current I 22 The two current strong points of the second resonant current are located at the ground terminal 111 and the first sub-current I 21The corresponding middle part. The two current weak points of the second resonant current are respectively located at the free end 112, and the junction of the first sub-current and the second sub-current. It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the current values ​​at the two current strong points of the second resonant current are equal, and both are the maximum values ​​of the second resonant current; it can be understood that in other embodiments, the two current strong points may be approximately equal. The current weak point of the second resonant current, that is, the position where the minimum value of the second resonant current is located, is also called the current zero point or zero point. It can be seen that the second resonant current is a typical three-quarter wavelength mode current distribution. Therefore, it can be seen from the distribution of the second resonant current that when the switch 131 is in the second state, the radiator 110 resonates in the three-quarter wavelength mode.

[0073] It can be understood that the “wavelength” at which the entire branch of the radiator 110 resonates in the three-quarter wavelength mode refers to the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency point of the target frequency band supported by the radiator 110 .

[0074] See also Fig.11 , Fig.11 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the distance between the connection point and the ground terminal in the radiator. The distance L1 between the connection point P2 and the ground terminal 111 satisfies: 3λ / 8≤L1≤5λ / 8, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the target frequency band.

[0075] As can be seen from the previous introduction, the portion of the radiator 110 located between the connection point P2 and the ground terminal 111 is the radiating portion 110a. When the switch 131 is in the first state, the half-wavelength mode (i.e., 0.5 times the wavelength mode) of the radiating portion 110a supports the target frequency band. Therefore, when the distance between the connection point P2 and the ground terminal 111 (i.e., the electrical length of the radiating portion 110a) is equal to 0.5λ, the radiating portion 110a is equal to the electrical length required for the half-wavelength mode supported by the radiating portion 110a. Therefore, when the switch 131 is in the first state, the radiating portion 110a has better radiation efficiency when supporting the target frequency band. In addition, the distance between the connection point P2 and the grounding point can also be approximated to 0.5λ (i.e., λ / 2), for example, 3λ / 8≤L1≤5λ / 8, that is, the lower limit of the distance L1 is λ / 2-λ / 8=3λ / 8, and the upper limit of the distance L1 is λ / 2+λ / 8=5λ / 8.

[0076] When the L1 satisfies: 3λ / 8≤L1≤5λ / 8, and L1≠λ / 2, that is, the L1 satisfies: 3λ / 8≤L1<λ / 2, or the L1 satisfies: λ / 2<L1≤5λ / 8, the L1 is not much different from the optimal size λ / 2 of the half-wavelength mode supported by the radiating part 110a. When the switch 131 is in the first state, the L1 satisfies: 3λ / 8≤L1<λ / 2, or the L1 satisfies: λ / 2<L1≤5λ / 8, the radiating part 110a can also better support the target frequency band.

[0077] It can be understood that in other embodiments, when the L1 satisfies: 3λ / 8≤L1<λ / 2, it indicates that the electrical length of the radiating portion 110a is short, and the adjustable circuit 130 of the antenna assembly 10 further includes an inductive matching device 132 (such as an inductor) electrically connected to the connection point P2, so that when the switch 131 is in the first state, the radiating portion 110a can better support the half-wavelength mode. The specific circuit structure of the inductive matching device 132 (such as an inductor) included in the adjustable circuit 130 of the antenna assembly 10 will be described in detail later.

[0078] It can be understood that in other embodiments, when the L1 satisfies: λ / 2<L1≤5λ / 8, it indicates that the electrical length of the radiating portion 110a is relatively long, and the adjustable circuit 130 of the adjustable component also includes a capacitive matching device 132 (such as a capacitor) electrically connected to the connection point P2, so that when the switch 131 is in the first state, the radiating portion can better support the half-wavelength mode. The specific circuit structure of the capacitive matching device 132 (such as a capacitor) included in the adjustable circuit 130 of the antenna component 10 will be described in detail later. When the L1 satisfies: λ / 2<L1≤5λ / 8, the capacitive matching device 132 (such as a capacitor) electrically connected to the connection point P2 may not be included in the adjustable circuit 130.

[0079] See also Fig.12 , Fig.12 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the distance between the feeding point and the ground terminal in the radiator. The distance L2 between the feeding point P1 and the ground terminal 111 satisfies: λ / 16≤L2≤λ / 4, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the target frequency band.

[0080] The distance L2 between the feeding point P1 and the ground terminal 111 satisfies: λ / 16≤L2≤λ / 4, which can better stimulate the half-wavelength mode of the radiating part 110a to support the target frequency band when the switch 131 is in the first state. Specifically, as can be seen from the previous introduction, the part of the radiator 110 located between the connection point P2 and the ground terminal 111 is the radiating part 110a. When the switch 131 is in the first state, the half-wavelength mode (that is, the 0.5 times wavelength mode) of the radiating part 110a supports the target frequency band, and the current weak point of the first resonant current on the radiating part (that is, the position where the minimum value of the first resonant current is located, also called the current zero point or zero point) is located in the middle position between the connection point P2 and the ground terminal 111. When L2>λ / 4, it is too close to the middle position between the connection point P2 and the ground terminal 111, and there is no way to stimulate the half-wavelength mode of the radiating portion well; when L2<λ / 16, the feeding point P1 is too close to the ground terminal 111, and there is a risk that the connector electrically connected to the feeding point P1 or the feeding point P1 is short-circuited with the ground terminal 111. If the connector electrically connected to the feeding point P1 or the feeding point P1 is short-circuited with the ground terminal 111, the radiating portion 110a also cannot support the half-wavelength mode.

[0081] The distance L2 between the feeding point P1 and the ground terminal 111 provided in the embodiment of the present application satisfies: λ / 16≤L2≤λ / 4. On the one hand, the half-wavelength mode of the radiating part 110a can be better stimulated when the switch 131 is in the first state. On the other hand, the risk of short-circuiting the connector electrically connected to the feeding point P1 or the feeding point P1 and the ground terminal 111 caused by the feeding point P1 being too close to the ground terminal 111 can be reduced or even avoided.

[0082] See also Fig.13 , Fig.13 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the size identification of some parts of the radiator. The electrical length d1 of the radiator 110 satisfies: d1=0.75λ, and the electrical length d2 of the radiating portion 110a satisfies: d2=0.5λ, wherein λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the target frequency band, the first state is the on-state in which the first end 1311 is electrically connected to the second end 1312, and the second state is the off-state in which the first end 1311 and the second end 1312 are disconnected.

[0083] In this embodiment, the electrical length d1 of the radiator 110 satisfies: d1 = 0.75λ, so that the electrical length of the radiator 110 can be better matched with the electrical length required for the three-quarter wavelength mode when the entire branch of the radiator 110 supports the target frequency band, so that the three-quarter wavelength mode of the radiator 110 has better radiation efficiency when supporting the target frequency band.

[0084] In addition, the electrical length d1 of the radiator 110 satisfies: d1=0.75λ, and the matching device 132 for adjusting the electrical length of the radiator 110 is not required, so that the volume of the antenna assembly 10 is small. Therefore, the matching device 132 for adjusting the electrical length of the radiator 110 is not required, so the cost of the antenna assembly 10 can be saved.

[0085] The electrical length d2 of the radiating portion 110a satisfies: d2=0.5λ, so that the electrical length of the radiating portion 110a matches the electrical length required when the radiating portion 110a supports the half-wavelength mode of the target frequency band, so that the half-wavelength mode of the radiating portion 110a has better radiation efficiency when supporting the target frequency band.

[0086] In addition, the electrical length d2 of the radiation portion 110a satisfies: d2=0.5λ, and the matching device 132 for adjusting the electrical length of the radiation portion 110a does not need to be provided, so that the volume of the antenna assembly 10 is small. Therefore, the matching device 132 for adjusting the electrical length of the radiation portion 110a does not need to be provided, so the cost of the antenna assembly 10 can be saved.

[0087] See also Fig.14 , Fig.15 , Fig.16 , Fig.17 and Fig.18 , Fig.14 A schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided in another embodiment of the present application; Fig.15 for Fig.14 An equivalent schematic diagram of the antenna assembly shown in ; Fig.16 for Fig.15 The enlarged schematic diagram of II in the middle; Fig.17 For one embodiment Fig.16 A schematic diagram of the structure when the middle switch is in the first state; Fig.18 An implementation method Fig.16Schematic diagram of a switch in an antenna assembly in the second state. The electrical length d1 of the radiator 110 satisfies: d1≠0.75λ, and the electrical length d2 of the radiating portion 110a is 0.5λ. The adjustable circuit 130 also includes a plurality of matching devices 132. When the switch 131 is in the second state, the switch 131 electrically connects one of the plurality of matching devices 132 (marked as 132b in the figure) to the connection point P2, so that the radiator 110 resonates in a 0.75 times wavelength mode, wherein the one includes a capacitor or an inductor; when the switch 131 is in the first state (conduction state), the switch 131 electrically connects a zero-ohm matching device 132 (marked as 132a in the figure) to the connection point P2. The matching device 132 includes a capacitor or an inductor. When the switch 131 electrically connects the at least one of the plurality of matching devices 132 to the connection point P2, the sum of the electrical length of the radiator 110 and the electrical length of the at least one changes compared to the electrical length of the radiator 110. In this embodiment, since d1≠0.75λ, the adjustable circuit 130 includes a plurality of matching devices 132, and the matching devices 132 can be used to make the sum of the electrical length of the radiator 110 and the electrical length of the at least one equal to 0.75λ, which can better match the electrical length required by the three-quarter wavelength mode supporting the target frequency band, so that the supported target frequency band has better radiation efficiency.

[0088] d1≠0.75λ includes d1<0.75λ and d1>0.75λ. These two cases will be described in detail later. Fig.19 , Fig.19 for Fig.16 A schematic diagram of the electrical length of the radiator in the antenna assembly shown. Figures 14 to 19 In the antenna assembly 10 shown in FIG. , d1 > 0.75λ is taken as an example for illustration.

[0089] See also Fig.17 and Fig.18 The switch 131 includes a plurality of first ends 1311, each first end 1311 electrically connects one of the plurality of matching devices 132 to the connection point P2, and the types of the matching devices 132 electrically connected to each first end 1311 are different, or the types of the matching devices 132 electrically connected to each first end 1311 are the same but with different parameters; when the switch 131 is in the second state, the switch 131 electrically connects the one of the plurality of matching devices 132 to the connection point P2.

[0090] In the embodiment of the present application, the number of the first ends 1311 is two as an example for illustration. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the number of the first ends 1311 can also be greater than two, such as four, or six, etc., as long as the number of the first ends 1311 is greater than or equal to 2. The number of the matching components 132 is equal to the number of the first ends 1311, each first end 1311 is electrically connected to a matching component 132 to the connection point P2, and different first ends 1311 are electrically connected to different matching components 132. It can be understood that the matching component 132 may include one or more matching sub-components. The type of the matching component 132 electrically connected to each first end 1311 is different. For example, the matching component 132 electrically connected to one first end 1311 is an inductor, the matching component 132 electrically connected to another first end 1311 is a capacitor, and the matching component 132 electrically connected to another first end 1311 is a zero-ohm matching component 132. The matching devices 132 electrically connected to each first end 1311 are of the same type but have different parameters. For example, the matching devices 132 connected to each first end 1311 are inductors, but the inductance values ​​of each inductor are different; or, the matching devices 132 connected to each first end 1311 are capacitors, but the capacitance values ​​of each capacitor are different.

[0091] The switch 131 in the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a plurality of first ends 1311, and the adjustable circuit 130 also includes a plurality of matching devices 132. Therefore, by controlling the second end 1312 to be electrically connected to one of the plurality of first ends 1311, the sum of the electrical lengths of the radiating portion 110a and the at least one of them is changed compared to the radiator 110, so that the sum of the electrical length of the radiating portion 110a and the electrical length of at least one electrically connected to the connection point P2 can be better matched with the electrical length required by the three-quarter wavelength mode of the supported target frequency band, so that the supported target frequency band has better radiation efficiency. In addition, in the present embodiment, the grounding end 111 is electrically connected to the ground electrode, so the number of grounding structures used is small, so that the antenna assembly 10 is small in size and the cost of the antenna assembly 10 can be saved.

[0092] It should be noted that, in the antenna assembly 10 provided in the previous embodiment, the first state of the switch 131 is a conducting state in which the first end 1311 is electrically connected to the second end 1312, and the second state of the switch 131 is a disconnected state in which the first end 1311 is electrically disconnected from the second end 1312. In the antenna assembly 10 provided in this embodiment, the first state and the second state of the switch 131 are both a conducting state in which the first end 1311 is electrically connected to the second end 1312, and the difference is that: the first state is a state in which the switch 131 is in a conducting state, and the switch 131 is electrically connected to the zero-ohm matching device 132 to the connection point P2; the second state is a state in which the switch 131 is in a conducting state, and the switch 131 is electrically connected to one of the multiple matching devices 132 (wherein the one includes a capacitor or an inductor) to the connection point P2. It can be understood that in this embodiment, the switch 131 includes a plurality of first ends 1311, the adjustable circuit 130 also includes a plurality of matching devices 132, each first end 1311 electrically connects one of the plurality of matching devices 132 to the connection point P2, and is combined with the antenna component 10 shown in d1>0.75λ for illustration. It can be understood that the switch 131 includes a plurality of first ends 1311, each first end 1311 electrically connects one of the plurality of matching devices 132 to the connection point P2, and can also be combined with the embodiment of the antenna component 10 in which d1<0.75λ.

[0093] Please also read Fig. 20 , Fig.21 , Fig. 22 , Fig.23 , Fig.24 , Fig. 20 A schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided in another embodiment of the present application; Fig.21 for Fig. 20 An equivalent schematic diagram of the antenna assembly shown in ; Fig. 22 for Fig.21 The enlarged schematic diagram of the III in the middle; Fig.23 For one embodiment Fig. 22 A schematic diagram of a switch in a first state; Fig.24 An implementation method Fig. 22 The switch 131 is in a second state. The switch 131 includes a plurality of second ends 1312, each second end 1312 electrically connects one of the plurality of matching devices 132 to ground, and the matching devices 132 electrically connected to each second end 1312 are of different types, or the matching devices 132 electrically connected to each second end 1312 are of the same type but with different parameters; when the switch 131 is in an on state, the first end 1311 is electrically connected to one of the plurality of second ends 1312.

[0094] In the embodiment of the present application, the number of the second ends 1312 is two as an example for illustration. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the number of the second ends 1312 can also be greater than two, such as four, or six, etc., as long as the number of the second ends 1312 is greater than or equal to 2. The number of the matching components 132 is equal to the number of the second ends 1312, each second end 1312 is electrically connected to a matching component 132 to the ground, and different second ends 1312 are electrically connected to different matching components 132. It can be understood that the matching component 132 may include one or more matching sub-components. The type of the matching component 132 electrically connected to each second end 1312 is different. For example, the matching component 132 electrically connected to one second end 1312 is an inductor, the matching component 132 electrically connected to another second end 1312 is a capacitor, and the matching component 132 electrically connected to another first end 1311 is a zero-ohm matching component 132. The matching devices 132 electrically connected to each second end 1312 are of the same type but have different parameters. For example, the matching devices 132 connected to each second end 1312 are inductors, but the inductance values ​​of each inductor are different; or, the matching devices 132 connected to each second end 1312 are capacitors, but the capacitance values ​​of each capacitor are different.

[0095] The switch 131 in the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a plurality of second ends 1312, and the adjustable circuit 130 also includes a plurality of matching devices 132. Therefore, when the switch 131 is in the second state, the first end 1311 is controlled to be electrically connected to one of the plurality of second ends 1312 (marked as 132b in the figure), so that the sum of the electrical length of the radiator 110 and the electrical length of the at least one (marked as 132b in the figure) changes compared with the radiator 110, thereby making the sum of the electrical lengths of the radiator 110 and at least one electrically connected to the connection point P2 can be better matched with the electrical length required by the three-quarter wavelength mode of the supported target frequency band, so that the supported target frequency band has better radiation efficiency. When the switch 131 is in the first state (conduction state), the switch 131 electrically connects the zero-ohm matching device 132 (marked as 132a in the figure) to the connection point P2.

[0096] See also Fig.25 , Fig.25 for Fig. 22 The electrical length diagram of some parts of the antenna assembly is shown in FIG. Figures 19 to 24 In the antenna assembly 10 shown, d1 < 0.75λ is taken as an example for illustration.

[0097] It can be understood that in this embodiment, the switch 131 includes a plurality of second ends 1312, the adjustable circuit 130 also includes a plurality of matching devices 132, and each second end 1312 is electrically connected to one of the plurality of matching devices 132 to the ground, and is combined with the antenna assembly 10 shown in d1<0.75λ for illustration. It can be understood that the switch 131 includes a plurality of second ends 1312, the adjustable circuit 130 also includes a plurality of matching devices 132, and each second end 1312 is electrically connected to one of the plurality of matching devices 132 to the ground, and can also be combined with the embodiment of the antenna assembly 10 in which d1>0.75λ.

[0098] In combination with the antenna assembly 10 described in the previous embodiment, further, the multiple matching devices 132 include inductors, and when d1<0.75λ and when the switch 131 is in the second state, the switch 131 electrically connects the inductors in the multiple matching devices 132 to the connection point P2.

[0099] When d1<0.75λ, it indicates that the electrical length of the radiator 110 is small, and the switch 131 electrically connects the inductor to the connection point P2, and the inductor can be equivalent to a section of the radiator. The sum of the electrical lengths of the radiator 110 and the inductor electrically connected to the connection point P2 is greater than the electrical length of the radiator 110. Therefore, when d1<0.75λ, the switch 131 electrically connects the inductor in the plurality of matching devices 132 to the connection point P2, so that the sum of the electrical lengths of the radiator 110 and the inductor electrically connected to the connection point P2 is equal to 0.75λ, so that the sum of the electrical lengths of the radiator 110 and the inductor electrically connected to the connection point P2 can be better matched with the electrical length required by the three-quarter wavelength mode of the supported target frequency band, so that the supported target frequency band has better radiation efficiency.

[0100] In combination with the antenna assembly 10 described in the previous embodiment, further, the multiple matching devices 132 include capacitors, and when d1>0.75λ, and when the switch 131 is in the second state, the switch 131 electrically connects the capacitors in the multiple matching devices 132 to the connection point P2.

[0101] When d1>0.75λ, it indicates that the electrical length of the radiator 110 is relatively large, the switch 131 is electrically connected to the capacitor to the connection point P2, and the sum of the electrical lengths of the radiator 110 and the capacitor electrically connected to the connection point P2 is less than the electrical length of the radiator 110. Therefore, when d1>0.75λ, and when the switch 131 is in the second state, the switch 131 electrically connects the capacitors in the multiple matching devices 132 to the connection point P2, so that the sum of the electrical lengths of the radiator 110 and the capacitor electrically connected to the connection point P2 is equal to 0.75λ, so that the sum of the electrical lengths of the radiator 110 and the inductor electrically connected to the connection point P2 can be better matched with the electrical length required by the three-quarter wavelength mode of the supported target frequency band, so that the supported target frequency band has better radiation efficiency.

[0102] Further, in combination with the antenna assembly 10 described in any of the previous embodiments, the target frequency band includes one of the Sub-6G frequency band, the 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) frequency band, the 5G New Radio (NR) frequency band, the WIFI 2.4G frequency band, and the WIFI 5G frequency band.

[0103] The embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device 1. The electronic device 1 includes but is not limited to mobile phones, telephones, televisions, tablet computers (Pads), cameras, personal computers, laptop computers (Personal Computers, PCs), vehicle-mounted devices, headphones, watches, wearable devices, base stations, vehicle-mounted radars, customer premise equipment (Customer Premise Equipment, CPE) and other devices that can send and receive electromagnetic wave signals. In this application, the electronic device 1 is taken as an example of a mobile phone, and other devices can refer to the specific description in this application. The electronic device 1 includes an antenna assembly 10 as described in any of the previous embodiments.

[0104] Please refer to Fig.26 and Fig. 27 , Fig.26 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in one embodiment; Fig. 27 for Fig.26 The electronic device 1 further comprises a display screen 70, a middle frame 30 and a housing 90 (also referred to as a battery cover). The display screen 70 and the housing 90 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the middle frame 30. Fig. 27 The middle frame 30 includes a frame body 310 and a frame 320 . The frame 320 is disposed around the periphery of the frame body 310 . The radiator 110 in the antenna assembly 10 is formed on the frame 320 .

[0105] The middle frame 30 is usually conductive, such as a metal material (such as aluminum or aluminum-magnesium alloy). In the electronic device 1, the middle frame 30 is usually used to support the display screen 70 and the battery cover. Since the middle frame 30 is conductive, the middle frame 30 can also be used as a ground electrode. The devices in the electronic device 1 can be directly or indirectly electrically connected to the middle frame 30 for grounding.

[0106] Specifically, in this embodiment, the frame 320 has an outer surface 320a away from the frame body 310. A first gap 320b is provided between the frame body 310 and a portion of the frame 320, and the frame 320 has a second gap 320c located on the outer surface 320a and connected to the first gap 320b, so that the portion of the frame 320 forms the radiator 110.

[0107] In this embodiment, the frame body 310 can be used as a ground electrode. The ground terminal 111 of the radiator 110 is electrically connected to the frame body 310 to be grounded.

[0108] Compared with the structure in which the radiator 110 is independent of the middle frame 30 , in this embodiment, part of the frame 320 of the middle frame 30 of the electronic device 1 is reused as the radiator 110 , which can make the electronic device 1 smaller and easier to assemble.

[0109] In addition, in one embodiment, the middle frame 30 and at least one of the housing 90 and the display screen 70 also form a receiving space. The electronic device 1 also includes a battery, functional devices (the functional devices may include one or more of a camera module, a microphone, a receiver, a speaker, a face recognition module, and a fingerprint recognition module) and other devices that can realize the basic functions of the mobile phone, which are arranged in the receiving space, and will not be repeated in this embodiment. It can be understood that the above introduction to the electronic device 1 is only a description of an environment in which the antenna assembly 10 is used, and the specific structure of the electronic device 1 should not be understood as a limitation on the antenna assembly 10 provided in this application. In other embodiments, the electronic device 1 may also not include the display screen 70 and at least one of the housing 90.

[0110] Please continue reading Fig. 27 The frame 320 includes a first frame 321 and a second frame 322 which are connected by bending. The length of the first frame 321 is greater than the length of the second frame 322 , and the radiator 110 is located in the first frame 321 .

[0111] Generally speaking, the lower the frequency band supported by the radiator 110, the longer the electrical length of the radiator 110; correspondingly, the higher the frequency band supported by the radiator 110, the shorter the length of the radiator 110. In this embodiment, the length of the first frame 321 is greater than that of the second frame 322, the first frame 321 is a long frame, and the second frame 322 is a short frame. The radiator 110 is located in the first frame 321, so the first frame 321 has a sufficient size to prepare the radiator 110, and when the frequency of the target frequency band supported by the radiator 110 is low, the first frame 321 also has a relatively sufficient size.

[0112] In another embodiment, the radiator 110 is located in the second frame 322; or, the radiator 110 is partially located in the first frame 321 and partially located in the second frame 322. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the position of the radiator 110 in the frame 320.

[0113] See also Fig.28 , Fig.28 for Fig.26 The electronic device 1 further comprises a processor 50. The processor 50 is electrically connected to the switch 131 of the adjustable circuit 130, and the processor 50 is used to control the state of the switch 131.

[0114] In one embodiment, the processor 50 is electrically connected to the switch 131, so the processor 50 can control the state of the switch 131 to select the directional pattern according to the communication scenario of the antenna assembly 10, thereby improving the signal strength (i.e., gain) and communication experience of the target frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 10. It can be understood that in the electronic device 1 shown in this embodiment, the electronic device 1 also includes a processor 50 combined with the antenna assembly 10 provided in the previous embodiment is used as an example for illustration, and it can be understood that it should not constitute a limitation on the embodiment of the present application, and the electronic device 1 also includes a processor 50 and can also be combined with the antenna assembly 10 provided in any of the previous embodiments.

[0115] Furthermore, when the electronic device 1 is in a preset posture: when the switch 131 is in a first state, the radiating part 110a of the radiator 110 has a first preset gain when supporting the target frequency band; when the switch 131 is in a second state, the entire branch of the radiator 110 has a second preset gain when supporting the target frequency band; if the second preset gain is greater than the first preset gain, the processor 50 controls the switch 131 to switch to the second state or maintain the second state; if the second preset gain is less than the first preset gain, the processor 50 controls the switch 131 to switch to the first state or maintain the first state.

[0116] Generally speaking, when the electronic device 1 communicates with other communication devices (for example, a base station or a router), the relative position relationship between the other communication devices and the electronic device 1 is not easy to obtain. Therefore, when the electronic device 1 is in a preset posture: the processor 50 can control the switch 131 to be in a first state and control the switch 131 to be in a second state, record the gain of the switch 131 in the first state as the first preset gain, and record the gain of the switch 131 in the second state as the second preset gain, and compare the first preset gain and the second preset gain, and control the switch 131 according to the first preset gain and the second preset gain, so that the gain of the supported target frequency band is larger. Therefore, the antenna assembly 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application has a better communication effect.

[0117] In summary, the antenna assembly 10 provided in one embodiment of the present application includes a switch 131 in the adjustable circuit 130 of the antenna assembly 10, and the switch 131 can switch between the radiating portion 110a and the entire branch of the radiator 110 required for the working mode of the antenna assembly 10, thereby realizing the reconfiguration of the directional pattern of the antenna assembly 10. Therefore, according to the communication scenario of the antenna assembly 10, the state of the switch 131 can be controlled to realize the selection of the directional pattern, thereby improving the signal strength (i.e., gain) and communication experience of the target frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 10.

[0118] Furthermore, when the switch 131 is in the first state, the radiation part 110a of the radiator 110 resonates in the half-wavelength mode; when the switch 131 is in the second state, the entire branch of the radiator 110 resonates in the three-quarter wavelength mode. Therefore, the switch 131 of the adjustable circuit 130 can realize the switching of the working mode of the antenna assembly 10 between the half-wavelength mode of the radiation part 110a and the three-quarter wavelength mode of the entire branch of the radiator 110, thereby realizing the reconfiguration of the directional pattern of the antenna assembly 10. Therefore, according to the communication scenario of the antenna assembly 10, the state of the switch 131 can be controlled to realize the selection of the directional pattern, thereby improving the signal strength (i.e., gain) and communication experience of the target frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 10.

[0119] The above is part of the implementation methods of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present application. These improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna assembly, characterized in that: The antenna assembly comprises: a radiator, the radiator having a grounding end, a feeding point, a connection point and a free end, the grounding end is grounded, and the connection point is closer to the free end than the feeding point; a feed source electrically connected to the feed point; and An adjustable circuit, the adjustable circuit comprising a switch, the switch comprising a first end and a second end, the first end being electrically connected to the connection point, and the second end being grounded; Wherein, when the switch is in a first state, the connection point is grounded through the adjustable circuit, and a radiating portion of the radiator located between the connection point and the ground end supports a target frequency band; when the switch is in a second state, the entire branch of the radiator supports the target frequency band, and a directional pattern of the radiating portion supporting the target frequency band when the switch is in the first state is different from a directional pattern when the entire branch of the radiator supports the target frequency band when the switch is in the second state.

2. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, within a first preset angle range of the directional pattern of the spherical coordinate system: when the switch is in the first state, the radiating part has a first gain when supporting the target frequency band; when the switch is in the second state, the entire branch of the radiator has a second gain when supporting the target frequency band, wherein: The first gain is greater than the second gain; In a two-dimensional plane defined by the long side of the radiator and the short side of the radiator, within a second preset angle range in the radiation pattern: when the switch is in the first state, the radiating part has a third gain when supporting the target frequency band; when the switch is in the second state, the entire branch of the radiator has a fourth gain when supporting the target frequency band, wherein the third gain is less than the fourth gain.

3. The antenna assembly according to claim 2, wherein: The first preset angle range A1 includes: at least one of the range of 0°≤Phi≤90° and 120°≤Theta≤180°, the range of 270°≤Phi≤360° and 120°≤Theta≤180°, the range of 0°≤Phi≤90° and 0°≤Theta≤60°, and the range of 270°≤Phi≤360° and 0°≤Theta≤60°; the second preset angle range A2 includes: at least one of the range of 90°≤Phi≤165° and 30°≤Theta≤150°, and the range of 195°≤Phi≤270° and 30°≤Theta≤150°.

4. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein: When the switch is in a first state, a half-wavelength mode of the radiating portion of the radiator supports a target frequency band; when the switch is in a second state, a three-quarter-wavelength mode of the entire branch of the radiator supports the target frequency band.

5. The antenna assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that A distance L1 between the connection point and the ground end satisfies: 3λ / 8≤L1≤5λ / 8, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the target frequency band.

6. The antenna assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that A distance L2 between the feeding point and the ground terminal satisfies: λ / 16≤L2≤λ / 4, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the target frequency band.

7. The antenna assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The electrical length d1 of the radiator satisfies: d1=0.75λ, and the electrical length d2 of the radiating part satisfies: d2=0.5λ, wherein λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the target frequency band, the first state is a conducting state in which the first end is electrically connected to the second end, and the second state is a disconnected state in which the first end is electrically disconnected from the second end.

8. The antenna assembly according to claim 4, wherein: The electrical length d1 of the radiator satisfies: d1≠0.75λ, and the electrical length d2 of the radiating part=0.5λ; The adjustable circuit also includes multiple matching devices. When the switch is in the second state, the switch electrically connects one of the multiple matching devices to the connection point so that the radiator resonates in a 0.75 times wavelength mode; when the switch is in the first state, the switch electrically connects a zero-ohm matching device to the connection point.

9. The antenna assembly according to claim 8, wherein: The switch includes a plurality of first ends, each of which is electrically connected to one of the plurality of matching devices to the connection point, and the types of matching devices electrically connected to each first end are different, or the types of matching devices electrically connected to each first end are the same but with different parameters; when the switch is in the second state, the switch electrically connects the one of the plurality of matching devices to the connection point.

10. The antenna assembly according to claim 8, wherein: The switch includes multiple second ends, each second end is electrically connected to one of the multiple matching devices to the ground, and the types of matching devices electrically connected to each second end are different, or the types of matching devices electrically connected to each second end are the same but with different parameters; when the switch is in the on state, the first end is electrically connected to one of the multiple second ends.

11. The antenna assembly according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that: The plurality of matching devices include inductors, and when d1<0.75λ and when the switch is in the second state, the switch electrically connects the inductors in the plurality of matching devices to the connection point.

12. The antenna assembly according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that: The plurality of matching devices include capacitors, and when d1>0.75λ and when the switch is in the second state, the switch electrically connects the capacitors in the plurality of matching devices to the connection point.

13. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The target frequency band includes one of a Sub-6G frequency band, an LTE frequency band, an NR frequency band, a WIFI 2.4G frequency band, and a WIFI 5G frequency band.

14. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises a middle frame and an antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the middle frame comprises: a frame body; and A frame, the frame being arranged around the periphery of the frame body; Wherein, the radiator in the antenna assembly is formed on the frame.

15. The electronic device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The electronic device also includes a processor. When the electronic device is in a preset posture: when the switch is in a first state, the radiating part has a first preset gain when supporting the target frequency band; when the switch is in a second state, the entire branch of the radiator has a second preset gain when supporting the target frequency band; if the second preset gain is greater than the first preset gain, the processor controls the switch to switch to the second state or maintain the second state; if the second preset gain is less than the first preset gain, the processor controls the switch to switch to the first state or maintain the first state.

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