Multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage cooperative scheduling control system

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage cooperative scheduling control system. The system comprises a multi-energy power generation module, an SOEC hydrogen production module, a hydrogen storage module and a main control module. The multi-energy power generation module is used for providing power and at least comprises a photovoltaic power generation unit, a wind power generation unit, a power grid input unit and an SOFC power generation unit; the SOEC hydrogen production module is used for carrying out water electrolysis hydrogen production by utilizing surplus electric power of the photovoltaic power generation unit and the wind power generation unit; the hydrogen storage module is used for storing hydrogen produced by water electrolysis of the SOEC hydrogen production module; the main control module is used for controlling start and stop of the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module and controlling switching between the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module. The system can effectively relieve the influence of intermittency and instability of renewable energy sources on a power grid, improves the utilization efficiency of each energy source, and is high in integration level.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of power supply, and specifically relates to a multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated dispatching and control system. Background Art

[0002] In daily power supply from the power grid, there is often an imbalance in electricity supply and demand due to differences in time and seasonal electricity loads. In particular, the frequent occurrence of extreme weather and the uncontrollable nature of seasonal changes in recent years have led to a situation where power generation, storage and supply in some areas cannot meet demand.

[0003] With the rapid development of renewable energy, renewable energy such as wind power and solar energy has been widely used in the field of power generation. However, the intermittent and instability of renewable energy has posed a great challenge to the power grid. Therefore, improvements need to be made to the current situation. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated dispatching and control system, which comprises: a multi-energy power generation module, a SOEC hydrogen production module, a hydrogen storage module and a main control module;

[0005] The multi-energy power generation module is used to provide electric power, and the multi-energy power generation module at least includes a photovoltaic power generation unit, a wind power generation unit, a grid input unit and a SOFC power generation unit;

[0006] The SOEC hydrogen production module is used to produce hydrogen by water electrolysis using excess electricity from the photovoltaic power generation unit and the wind power generation unit;

[0007] The hydrogen storage module is used to store the hydrogen produced by water electrolysis in the SOEC hydrogen production module;

[0008] The main control module is used to control the start and stop of the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module, and to control the switching between the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module.

[0009] A multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated scheduling and control system provided according to the present invention also includes: an energy management module; the energy management module is used to formulate an operation strategy for the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module based on load data, electricity price trends, power generation data of the multi-energy power generation module and the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage module; the main control module is used to control the start and stop of the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module based on the operation strategy, and control the switching between the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module.

[0010] According to a multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated dispatching and control system provided by the present invention, the operation strategy of the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module is formulated based on load data, electricity price trends, power generation data of the multi-energy power generation module and the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage module, specifically including: determining the current predicted operation strategy of the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module through a strategy prediction model according to historical load demand, historical power generation data of the multi-energy power generation module and the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage module; dynamically optimizing the predicted operation strategy according to the current electricity price, current load demand and current power generation data of the multi-energy power generation module to obtain the operation strategy.

[0011] A multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated dispatching and control system provided according to the present invention also includes: a data acquisition and communication module, the data acquisition and communication module includes a data acquisition unit and a communication unit; the data acquisition unit is at least used to collect load data, electricity price trends and power generation of the multi-energy power generation module; the communication unit is used for the main control module to communicate with the data acquisition unit, the multi-energy power generation module and the SOEC hydrogen production module respectively.

[0012] According to a multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated scheduling and control system provided by the present invention, the energy management module is also used to dynamically optimize the priority of each energy in the multi-energy power generation module in real time based on the current electricity price and the current load demand, and obtain a priority allocation strategy; the main control module is also used to control the multi-energy power generation module to supply power based on the priority allocation strategy.

[0013] According to a multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated scheduling and control system provided by the present invention, the hydrogen storage module includes: a gas-liquid separator, a condenser, a compressor and a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, and the gas-liquid separator, the condenser, the compressor and the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank are connected in sequence; the gas-liquid separator is used to remove water vapor and impurities in the hydrogen; the condenser is used to cool the hydrogen separated by the gas-liquid separator; the compressor is used to compress the cooled hydrogen; and the high-pressure gas storage tank is used to store the compressed hydrogen.

[0014] A multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated dispatching and control system provided according to the present invention also includes an off-grid switching module, which is used to switch between off-grid and on-grid based on the state of the grid.

[0015] According to a multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated dispatching and control system provided by the present invention, the off-grid switching module includes: a grid status monitoring unit, which is used to collect power supply parameters of the grid in real time or periodically, and the power supply parameters include voltage, frequency and phase; an intelligent switching unit, which is used to obtain the power supply data collected by the grid status monitoring unit, and analyze the power supply data, and control the multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated dispatching and control system to switch to a grid-connected state when the grid is determined to be stable based on the power supply data; and control the multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated dispatching and control system to switch to an off-grid state when the grid is determined to be unstable based on the power supply data; a redundant protection unit, which is used to maintain the operation of the grid status monitoring unit and the intelligent switching unit in the event of a power outage in the grid, and the redundant protection unit includes an independent backup power supply and a backup control circuit.

[0016] According to a multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated scheduling and control system provided by the present invention, the intelligent switching unit adopts sliding mode control technology to control the multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated scheduling and control system to switch between grid connection and off-grid connection.

[0017] A multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated scheduling and control system provided by the present invention also includes: a waste heat recovery management module, which is used to recover and reuse the heat generated during the operation of the SOFC power generation unit and / or the SOEC hydrogen production module using a heat exchanger based on a heuristic thermal management algorithm.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: through the multi-energy power generation module, the power generation capacity is increased and the power supply resources are increased; through the setting of the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module and the control of the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module by the main control module, the excess electricity can be stored and provided when needed, realizing efficient electricity-hydrogen-electricity conversion, which can effectively alleviate the impact of the intermittent and instability of renewable energy on the power grid, improve the utilization efficiency of each energy source and have a high degree of integration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0020] In the attached picture:

[0021] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated dispatching control system provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated dispatching and control system provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 1 This is one of the structural diagrams of the multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated dispatching control system provided by the present invention. Figure 1 The multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated dispatching and control system of the present invention is described, and the multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated dispatching and control system comprises: a multi-energy power generation module, a SOEC hydrogen production module, a hydrogen storage module and a main control module;

[0025] The multi-energy power generation module is used to provide electric power, and the multi-energy power generation module at least includes a photovoltaic power generation unit, a wind power generation unit, a grid input unit and a SOFC power generation unit;

[0026] The SOEC hydrogen production module is used to produce hydrogen by water electrolysis using excess electricity from the photovoltaic power generation unit and the wind power generation unit;

[0027] The hydrogen storage module is used to store the hydrogen produced by water electrolysis in the SOEC hydrogen production module;

[0028] The main control module is used to control the start and stop of the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module, and to control the switching between the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module.

[0029] Specifically, the multi-energy power generation module can integrate a variety of different power generation energy sources. For example, the multi-energy power generation module can include a photovoltaic power generation unit, a wind power generation unit, a grid input unit and a SOFC power generation unit.

[0030] Among them, the photovoltaic power generation unit can provide a large amount of electricity under sufficient sunlight. The DC power generated by the photovoltaic power generation unit can be converted into AC power for daily power supply through the DC-AC inverter. In order to make full use of solar energy resources, the photovoltaic power generation unit can be configured with a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller. The MPPT controller can adjust the operating point of the photovoltaic array in the photovoltaic power generation unit in real time so that it is always at the maximum power point to achieve optimal utilization of photovoltaic resources. The control algorithm of the MPPT controller may include: perturbation observation method (P&O) and incremental conductance method.

[0031] The wind power generation unit can provide stable power when the wind speed is suitable, especially as a supplementary power source at night or on cloudy days. The wind power generation unit can also adjust the speed of the wind turbine in the wind power generation unit to adapt to the current wind speed through the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller, so that the wind power generation unit can output maximum power. The MPPT controller usually uses tip speed ratio control and power optimization control to achieve maximum power point tracking.

[0032] The SOFC power generation unit relies on the hydrogen storage module. The unit uses the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage module as fuel to generate electricity, which can reduce dependence on the power grid. The unit is suitable for nighttime, peak load or high electricity price periods. It can be used as an emergency or nighttime power generation alternative. When the photovoltaic power generation unit and wind power generation unit are not generating enough electricity or the load demand is high, the SOFC power generation unit can provide independent power support for the load side and optimize the power supply of the system during peak load demand. Before starting the SOFC power generation unit, a preheating function can be set to gradually increase the power at startup and gradually reduce the output when stopping to prevent thermal shock to the equipment due to excessive cooling. This unit can also be equipped with a temperature sensor and a hydrogen flow sensor to monitor the operating status of the unit in real time.

[0033] The grid input unit supplements the system power when the above-mentioned power generation units generate insufficient power, and can intelligently adjust the input priority according to fluctuations in electricity prices. For example, when electricity prices are low, the system gives priority to purchasing electricity for hydrogen production and energy storage to meet future peak demand and achieve cost optimization.

[0034] It can be understood that the photovoltaic power generation unit, wind power generation unit, grid input unit and SOFC power generation unit can be connected through the multi-energy interface, and the parallel input and management of multiple energy sources are realized by utilizing the power generation of the above units.

[0035] The SOEC hydrogen production module starts when the load demand is low or the electricity price is low. It can use the excess electricity from photovoltaic and wind power to produce hydrogen through water electrolysis to convert electrical energy into hydrogen for storage. The starting conditions of the SOEC hydrogen production unit can be monitored in real time by the electrolysis voltage sensor and the water flow sensor to ensure the safe and stable start and stop process of the SOEC hydrogen production module.

[0036] The hydrogen storage module is used to store hydrogen produced by water electrolysis in the SOEC hydrogen production module, so as to provide power generation raw materials to the SOFC power generation unit when at least one of the following conditions exists: high load demand, high electricity price, insufficient power generation of the photovoltaic power generation unit and insufficient power generation of the wind power generation unit.

[0037] The main control module can be used to control the start or stop of the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module, for example, to control the start of the SOFC power generation unit when the load demand is high, and to control the start of the SOEC hydrogen production module when the wind power generation unit and / or the photovoltaic power generation unit have excess power. The main control module can also be used for switching between the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module. For example, at a certain moment in history, the wind power generation unit and / or the photovoltaic power generation unit have excess power. The main control module controls the SOEC hydrogen production module to start at the above-mentioned historical moment to produce hydrogen using the excess power of the wind power generation unit and / or the photovoltaic power generation unit. At the current moment, the load demand increases rapidly, and the main control module controls the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module to switch, so that the SOEC hydrogen production module stops producing hydrogen and the SOFC power generation unit starts generating electricity to meet the load demand at the current moment.

[0038] The multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated dispatching and control system provided by the present invention improves the power generation and increases the power supply resources through the multi-energy power generation module. Through the setting of the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module and the control of the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module by the main control module, the excess electricity can be stored and provided when needed, realizing efficient electricity-hydrogen-electricity conversion, which can effectively alleviate the impact of the intermittent and instability of renewable energy on the power grid, improve the utilization efficiency of each energy source and have a high degree of integration.

[0039] Figure 2 This is the second structural diagram of the multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated dispatching control system provided by the present invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the system further comprises: an energy management module;

[0040] The energy management module is used to formulate the operation strategy of the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module based on load data, electricity price trends, power generation data of the multi-energy power generation module and the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage module;

[0041] The main control module is used to control the start and stop of the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module based on the operation strategy, and control the switching between the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module.

[0042] Specifically, it can be understood that the load data reflects the load demand situation, the electricity price trend reflects the fluctuation of the electricity price, the power generation data of the multi-energy power generation module represents the power generation capacity of each energy power generation module, and the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage module represents whether the SOFC power generation unit can operate. Therefore, the energy management module can formulate the operation strategy of the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module based on the above load data, electricity price trend, power generation data of the multi-energy power generation module and the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage module.

[0043] After the energy management module formulates the operation strategy, it can send the operation strategy to the main control module. The main control module can control the start and stop of the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module based on the operation strategy, and control the switching between the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module.

[0044] Through the energy management module and the main control module, seamless switching can be performed between the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module, and intelligent switching can be achieved. In addition, the switching strategy formulated through load data, electricity price trends, power generation data of the multi-energy power generation module, and the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage module can efficiently utilize electricity. For example, when the power supply is sufficient and the electricity price is low, the main control module controls the SOEC hydrogen production module to start the SOEC mode to convert excess electricity into hydrogen; when the load demand increases, the power is insufficient, and the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage module is sufficient, the main control module controls the switch to the SOFC power supply mode to supplement the electricity through hydrogen power generation. This intelligent dual-mode switching realizes the efficient conversion of electricity-hydrogen-electricity, ensures the optimal use of energy, and greatly improves the reserve utilization rate of hydrogen and the overall energy efficiency of the system.

[0045] In one embodiment, the operation strategy of the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module is formulated based on the load data, electricity price trend, power generation data of the multi-energy power generation module and the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage module, specifically including:

[0046] According to the historical load demand, the historical power generation data of the multi-energy power generation module and the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage module, the current predicted operation strategy of the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module is determined through the strategy prediction model;

[0047] The forecast operation strategy is dynamically optimized according to the current electricity price, the current load demand and the current power generation data of the multi-energy power generation module to obtain the operation strategy.

[0048] Specifically, the historical load demand is the load demand of the historical time period. For example, for the current situation, the previous day and the previous time period are all historical time periods, and the historical load demand may at least include the load demand of the previous day. The historical power generation data of the multi-energy power generation module may be, for example, the power generation data of the multi-energy power generation module under the same climatic conditions in the historical time. Based on the historical data and the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage module, the energy management module may predetermine a predictive operation strategy so that the main control module may pre-adjust the operating status of the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module based on the predictive operation strategy. The main control module may output a control signal based on the predictive operation strategy to determine whether to start the SOFC power generation unit for power generation or to start the SOEC hydrogen production module for hydrogen production, or to start neither. For example, the strategy prediction model may be a model based on a fuzzy logic prediction algorithm, and the strategy prediction model may be, for example, a regression model, a neural network model, or a time series prediction model.

[0049] Furthermore, the energy management module can also dynamically optimize the predetermined predicted operation strategy based on the current electricity price, the current load demand and the current power generation data of the multi-energy power generation module to determine the operation strategy, wherein the optimization method may include linear programming, optimal control or genetic algorithm, etc. It is understandable that the energy management module can dynamically optimize the predetermined predicted operation strategy based on the current electricity price, the current load demand and the current power generation data of the multi-energy power generation module based on the adaptive feedback algorithm to adjust the power output of the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module in real time according to the immediate demand. The power control sensor can be used to monitor the power output of the multi-energy power generation module, and at the same time, combined with the load monitoring sensor, monitor the changes in load and power generation.

[0050] The operation strategy may include the start / stop status, switching conditions and operation parameters of the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module. Different energy demands and system stability requirements may be met based on the operation strategy.

[0051] Through prediction and real-time dynamic optimization and adjustment, load demand and power generation of multiple energy modules are predicted, and dynamic scheduling is performed to determine the operation strategy based on electricity prices and hydrogen storage status. Energy production and distribution can be optimized based on prediction results and real-time adjustment capabilities, making the system more economical.

[0052] Exemplarily, the operation strategy of the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module may include the following:

[0053] (1) Switching logic

[0054] The power generation mode of the SOFC power generation unit: When the grid load is at its peak, it automatically switches to the power generation mode of the SOFC power generation unit. The SOFC power generation unit uses the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage module to generate electricity to meet the load demand; when the electricity price is at its peak, the electricity cost rises, and the main control module also starts the SOFC power generation unit, which can reduce the amount of electricity purchased from the grid at a high price and use self-generated electricity instead, thereby reducing the power operation cost and achieving a dual improvement in economic benefits and energy utilization efficiency. Based on the above logic, the main control module can ensure the stable power generation of the SOFC power generation unit by accurately controlling the hydrogen input rate and temperature, so as to adjust the power output of the SOFC to meet the current power demand.

[0055] Hydrogen production mode of SOEC hydrogen production module: When the grid load is low or the electricity price is low, the main control module can switch from the power generation mode of the SOFC power generation unit to the hydrogen production mode of the SOEC hydrogen production module through the operation strategy, so as to use the excess electricity for water electrolysis to produce hydrogen. In this mode, the main control module can automatically adjust the electrolysis current and temperature of the SOEC hydrogen production module according to the real-time power input and hydrogen storage status, ensuring that the SOEC hydrogen production module operates at the best efficiency to increase hydrogen production.

[0056] (2) Start-Stop Status Management

[0057] A. Startup conditions: The startup conditions of the power generation mode of the SOFC power generation unit and the hydrogen production mode of the SOEC hydrogen production module are based on real-time monitored load demand, electricity price fluctuations, hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage module and other factors. After meeting the specific power or load demand threshold of a certain mode, the main control module can automatically trigger the startup procedure of the corresponding mode. When the power generation mode of the SOFC power generation unit is started, the main control module can control the SOFC power generation unit to gradually increase the hydrogen supply, and control the temperature and current to gradually rise to a stable power generation state; and when the hydrogen production mode of the SOEC hydrogen production module is activated, the main control module controls the SOEC hydrogen production module to gradually increase the electrolysis voltage to the target value to achieve a smooth hydrogen production start.

[0058] B. Stop conditions: When the load demand or electricity price conditions no longer meet the set threshold of a certain mode, the system gradually reduces the hydrogen input of the SOFC power generation unit or the power input of the SOEC hydrogen production module according to the operation strategy, and controls the reduction of current and temperature to achieve a smooth shutdown, avoiding damage to the SOFC power generation unit and SOEC hydrogen production module due to sudden stop.

[0059] (3) Mode conversion control process

[0060] Mode conversion is automatically managed by the main control module based on the operation strategy. The main control module can dynamically adjust the operation mode of the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module according to the operation strategy during operation, and automatically switch to the appropriate mode based on the operation strategy. During the conversion process, the main control module can control the smooth reduction of the current and temperature of the current mode, and gradually increase the input parameters according to the new mode to achieve a smooth mode transition and ensure the stability of system operation and the life of the equipment.

[0061] In one embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the system further includes: a data acquisition and communication module, the data acquisition and communication module includes a data acquisition unit and a communication unit;

[0062] The data acquisition unit is used at least to collect load data, electricity price trends and power generation of the multi-energy power generation module;

[0063] The communication unit is used for the main control module to communicate with the data acquisition unit, the multi-energy power generation module and the SOEC hydrogen production module respectively.

[0064] Specifically, the system may also include a data acquisition and communication unit, which is the information core of the system and is responsible for data transmission between modules and coordination of control signals. The module may include a data acquisition unit and a communication unit, and the data acquisition unit is used to collect data, such as load data, electricity price trends, power generation of multi-energy power generation modules, operating status data of SOFC power generation units and SOEC hydrogen production modules, etc. The communication unit is used for the main control module to communicate with the data acquisition unit, the multi-energy power generation module and the SOEC hydrogen production module respectively.

[0065] Among them, the data acquisition and communication module can adopt a hybrid communication solution of wireless and wired:

[0066] Wireless communication: used for data collection units to collect loads, electricity prices, and power generation of multi-energy generation modules. Wireless methods such as Wi-Fi or Zigbee are used to collect information, increase connection flexibility, and reduce wiring complexity. Other protocols (such as LoRa, NB-IoT, etc.) can also be considered in large-scale, long-distance communication systems.

[0067] Wired communication: used for communication between the main control module and each unit in the multi-energy power generation module, SOEC hydrogen production module and other modules to ensure low latency and high reliability of key information.

[0068] Optionally, the data acquisition and communication module also has a fault-tolerant and backup mechanism, through which it can automatically switch to a backup path in the event of a wireless communication interruption to ensure the continuity and stability of data transmission.

[0069] In one embodiment, the energy management module is further used to dynamically optimize the priority of each energy source in the multi-energy power generation module in real time based on the current electricity price and the current load demand to obtain a priority allocation strategy;

[0070] The main control module is also used to control the multi-energy power generation module to supply power based on the priority allocation strategy.

[0071] Specifically, the energy management module can also dynamically optimize the priority of each energy source in the multi-energy power generation module in real time based on the current electricity price and current load demand, and is responsible for the dynamic priority allocation and load scheduling between each power generation unit (such as photovoltaic, wind power, SOFC and power grid), and specifies the priority allocation strategy of each power generation unit. The priority allocation strategy may include a global strategy and a local strategy. The global strategy is used to adjust the priority of each energy source according to the load demand and electricity price, and the local strategy is used to optimize and adjust the status of each power generation unit. The energy management module can collect load demand, electricity price fluctuations and energy supply in real time, and combine a variety of intelligent algorithms to ensure the optimal configuration of energy under different load and power conditions, thereby improving the operating efficiency and economy of the system.

[0072] The energy management module is mainly responsible for real-time monitoring and dispatching of photovoltaic, wind power, SOFC and grid input power, and can dynamically adjust the priority of each power generation unit according to load demand and electricity price fluctuations. Through this priority allocation strategy, energy resources can be effectively allocated under different energy availability and load conditions, and the main control module can flexibly adjust the output of each energy between peak load and valley load.

[0073] For example, when the load is at a peak, the main control module can give priority to starting the SOFC power generation unit to generate electricity to stabilize the power supply; when the load is at a low point, the main control module can give priority to using the photovoltaic power generation unit and the wind power generation unit to generate electricity, and control the SOEC hydrogen production module to use the excess electricity for hydrogen production and energy storage, thereby achieving the purpose of peak shaving and valley filling. Load sensors and electricity price monitoring sensors can be equipped to track changes in load and electricity prices in real time, and transmit data to the energy management module for analysis and processing.

[0074] For example, when the electricity price is low or the load demand is low, the photovoltaic power generation unit and the wind power generation unit can be given priority for power supply, and the excess power can be allocated to the SOEC hydrogen production module for hydrogen production; when the electricity price is high or the load demand is high, the system will give priority to calling the SOFC power generation unit for power generation and supplement the grid input when necessary. The above priority allocation strategy can embed the electricity price threshold setting and the automatic load judgment mechanism to ensure that the system can quickly switch energy allocation when the load changes.

[0075] In the above embodiment, low-cost photovoltaic and wind power generation can be preferentially used through the priority allocation strategy. Combined with electricity price monitoring and predictive control, the energy management module can reserve energy when the electricity price is low, achieve efficient response under load and electricity price fluctuation conditions, provide electricity when the electricity price is high, reduce the overall operating cost of the system, achieve economic optimization of energy, and enhance the adaptability and stability of the system. In addition, in the case of sudden load changes, the module can quickly adjust energy allocation to maintain the continuity and stability of the system's power supply, significantly improving the system's adaptability to complex load conditions.

[0076] In one embodiment, the hydrogen storage module comprises: a gas-liquid separator, a condenser, a compressor and a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, wherein the gas-liquid separator, the condenser, the compressor and the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank are connected in sequence;

[0077] The gas-liquid separator is used to remove water vapor and impurities in hydrogen;

[0078] The condenser is used to cool the hydrogen separated by the gas-liquid separator;

[0079] The compressor is used to compress the cooled hydrogen;

[0080] The high-pressure gas storage tank is used to store compressed hydrogen.

[0081] Specifically, in the hydrogen production mode of the SOEC hydrogen production module, the hydrogen generated by water electrolysis needs to be purified and stored under pressure to ensure the purity and safety of the hydrogen. Therefore, the hydrogen storage module includes: a gas-liquid separator, a condenser, a compressor and a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, and the gas-liquid separator, condenser, compressor and high-pressure hydrogen storage tank are connected in sequence.

[0082] The gas-liquid separator is used to remove water vapor and impurities contained in the hydrogen produced by electrolysis, ensure the purity of hydrogen, and protect the hydrogen storage system. The gas-liquid separator can use physical separation methods to remove water and impurities in hydrogen, thereby improving the purity of hydrogen, reducing the corrosion of impurities to the compressor and hydrogen storage tank, and extending the service life of the equipment. The gas-liquid separator automatically operates after the electrolysis hydrogen production mode is started. When the water content in the hydrogen exceeds the set threshold (for example, 3%), the separator can automatically separate the water. A hydrogen separation membrane can be used instead of a gas-liquid separator and a condenser to achieve efficient separation of hydrogen and impurities. Membrane separation technology can further improve the purity of hydrogen, but its manufacturing and maintenance costs are high, and it is suitable as an alternative in application scenarios where the purity of hydrogen is particularly high. For some electrolytic hydrogen products with high humidity, an adsorption drying system can also be used to remove water vapor. This type of adsorption system can provide a certain water vapor removal effect in small-scale hydrogen production applications.

[0083] The hydrogen separated by the gas-liquid separator enters the condenser for cooling to ensure a safe storage temperature. The condenser automatically starts when the hydrogen temperature is higher than the hydrogen storage requirement (such as 35°C) to cool the hydrogen to a suitable storage temperature.

[0084] The compressor is used to pressurize the condensed hydrogen and store it in a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank to ensure that the hydrogen can be safely stored for subsequent use in the power generation mode of the SOFC power generation unit. The hydrogen after gas-liquid separation and cooling enters the compressor, and the hydrogen is pressurized to a preset storage pressure (such as 350bar or 700bar) under the action of the compressor to ensure the safety of hydrogen storage. When the hydrogen reaches the purity and temperature required for hydrogen storage, the compressor starts and pressurized storage is carried out to ensure the stability and safety of hydrogen storage.

[0085] In one embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the system further includes an off-grid and on-grid switching module, which is used to switch between off-grid and on-grid based on the grid status.

[0086] Specifically, the system may also include an off-grid switching module, which can identify power supply scenarios. The power supply scenarios may include urban power supply, industrial power supply, microgrid power supply, etc. The off-grid switching module can adjust the off-grid strategy based on different scenarios. For example, in the urban power supply scenario, the grid-connected mode is given priority to reduce the grid load; in remote areas, photovoltaic, wind power and hydrogen storage are given priority to ensure self-sufficiency.

[0087] In one embodiment, the off-grid switching module includes:

[0088] A power grid status monitoring unit, used to collect power supply parameters of the power grid in real time or periodically, wherein the power supply parameters include voltage, frequency and phase;

[0089] an intelligent switching unit, configured to obtain the power supply data collected by the power grid status monitoring unit, analyze the power supply data, and control the multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated dispatching and control system to switch to a grid-connected state when the power grid is determined to be stable based on the power supply data, and control the multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated dispatching and control system to switch to an off-grid state when the power grid is determined to be unstable based on the power supply data;

[0090] The redundant protection unit is used to maintain the operation of the grid state monitoring unit and the intelligent switching unit in the event of a grid power outage. The redundant protection unit includes an independent backup power supply and a backup control circuit.

[0091] Specifically, the off-grid switching module is the core guarantee unit for the system to cope with grid fluctuations and unstable power supply. The off-grid switching module may include a grid status monitoring unit and an intelligent switching unit. The grid status monitoring unit is used to continuously collect power supply parameters of the grid in real time, and the power supply parameters may include voltage, frequency and phase.

[0092] The intelligent switching unit can obtain the power supply data collected by the grid status monitoring unit and analyze the power supply data. The unit judges the stability of the grid by preset multiple thresholds (such as voltage deviation of ±10%, frequency deviation exceeding ±2Hz), and can control the multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated dispatching and control system to switch to the grid-connected state when the grid stability is determined based on the power supply data. Once the grid parameters exceed the safety range, the system immediately sends an off-grid switching signal to control the multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated dispatching and control system to switch to the off-grid state, thereby avoiding the impact of abnormal grids on the system and loads, and ensuring stable power supply to the load. The unit can realize automatic off-grid and grid-connected switching by comprehensively analyzing the power supply parameters.

[0093] For example, when the intelligent switching unit determines that the power grid fluctuates or is out of power based on the power supply parameters, the control system automatically switches to the off-grid mode to rely on the SOFC power generation unit and the hydrogen storage module to provide independent power supply; when the power grid is restored to stability and remains stable for a period of time (for example, 2 minutes), the control system can be gradually switched back to the grid-connected mode to ensure the safety of the grid connection. Before the grid connection, the intelligent switching unit will automatically adjust the phase and voltage synchronously to avoid current shocks during instantaneous grid connection and ensure the safety of the system and the grid.

[0094] The off-grid switching module can quickly switch the system from the grid-connected mode to the off-grid mode when the grid voltage, frequency and other parameters are abnormal, ensuring the stable operation of the system, and intelligently and safely switch back to the grid-connected mode after the grid is restored to stability. The off-grid switching module is particularly suitable for remote areas with unstable grids, industrial scenarios with high requirements for power supply reliability, and microgrid systems with large load fluctuations.

[0095] The off-grid switching module can also have a redundant protection design, namely a redundant protection unit, which includes an independent backup power supply and a backup control circuit. Even if the power grid is completely out of power, the off-grid and grid-connected switching module can still maintain basic operation, ensuring that the system can smoothly switch from the grid-connected state to the off-grid mode, and ensuring continuous power supply to the load. The independent power supply design can also automatically restore to the backup power supply when the main power supply fails, ensuring that the switching process is not disturbed, further improving system reliability.

[0096] In one embodiment, the intelligent switching unit uses sliding mode control technology to control the multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated scheduling control system to switch between grid connection and off-grid connection.

[0097] Specifically, in order to ensure smooth switching from grid-connected to off-grid and off-grid to grid-connected, the off-grid switching module also applies the sliding mode control technology to achieve seamless switching between grid-connected and off-grid. The sliding mode control technology is used to accurately regulate the voltage and current changes during the switching process, so that the system can reduce the risk of power outages or voltage changes during off-grid switching. This seamless switching mechanism is particularly critical for application scenarios with high requirements for power supply continuity. It can ensure stable power supply at the load end during switching and protect the safety of system equipment and loads. The seamless switching mechanism enables the system to cope with grid fluctuations and provides a guarantee for reliable power supply in multiple scenarios.

[0098] For example, in scenarios where the sliding mode control cost is high or the response speed requirement is low, a similar switching effect can be achieved by using a switch delay switching method. The switch delay switching method controls the switching through a delay device. Although the response speed is slow, it can effectively protect the power supply safety on the load side.

[0099] For example, in scenarios where the frequency of grid fluctuations is low, a dual-power automatic transfer switch (ATS) can be used instead of sliding mode control. The ATS can detect the grid status and automatically switch to off-grid mode when the power is off. This solution is suitable for power supply systems that do not require high real-time response, but can achieve automatic switching and stability of power supply.

[0100] In the above embodiments, the sliding mode control technology is used to seamlessly switch between the grid-connected and off-grid modes, control the transition process of voltage and current, and enable the system to respond quickly and stabilize the power supply when the grid fluctuates. The sliding mode control algorithm can automatically adapt to changes in grid frequency and voltage, and quickly adjust the output when the grid power fluctuates to ensure the stability of voltage and current at the load end. Sliding mode control improves the system's response speed to grid fluctuations, effectively reduces the adverse effects of grid fluctuations on the system, ensures the continuity of power supply at the load end, and is suitable for application scenarios with high requirements for power supply stability.

[0101] In one embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the system further includes: a waste heat recovery management module, which is used to recover and reuse the heat generated during the operation of the SOFC power generation unit and / or the SOEC hydrogen production module using a heat exchanger based on a heuristic thermal management algorithm.

[0102] Specifically, the system also includes a waste heat recovery management module, which can capture waste heat during operation and use it for electrolytic water preheating or heating needs, thereby reducing the demand for external heat energy. The setting of this waste heat recovery management module not only improves the electrolysis efficiency, but also can heat buildings in cold environments, and is suitable for industrial and commercial applications with high requirements for comprehensive energy efficiency.

[0103] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0104] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated dispatching and control system, characterized in that: include: Multi-energy power generation module, SOEC hydrogen production module, hydrogen storage module and main control module; The multi-energy power generation module is used to provide electric power, and the multi-energy power generation module at least includes a photovoltaic power generation unit, a wind power generation unit, a grid input unit and a SOFC power generation unit; The SOEC hydrogen production module is used to produce hydrogen by water electrolysis using excess electricity from the photovoltaic power generation unit and the wind power generation unit; The hydrogen storage module is used to store the hydrogen produced by water electrolysis in the SOEC hydrogen production module; The main control module is used to control the start and stop of the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module, and to control the switching between the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module.

2. The multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated dispatching and control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Also includes: Energy management module; The energy management module is used to formulate an operation strategy for the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module based on load data, electricity price trends, power generation data of the multi-energy power generation module and the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage module; the main control module is used to control the start and stop of the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module based on the operation strategy, and control the switching between the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module.

3. The multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated dispatching and control system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The operation strategy of the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module is formulated based on the load data, electricity price trends, power generation data of the multi-energy power generation module and the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage module, specifically including: determining the current predicted operation strategy of the SOFC power generation unit and the SOEC hydrogen production module through a strategy prediction model according to historical load demands, historical power generation data of the multi-energy power generation module and the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage module; dynamically optimizing the predicted operation strategy according to the current electricity price, current load demand and current power generation data of the multi-energy power generation module to obtain the operation strategy, wherein the optimization objectives include at least one of the following: minimizing operating costs, maximizing system efficiency and balancing power loads.

4. The multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated dispatching and control system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Also includes: The data acquisition and communication module comprises a data acquisition unit and a communication unit; the data acquisition unit is used at least to collect load data, electricity price trends and power generation of the multi-energy power generation module; the communication unit is used for the main control module to communicate with the data acquisition unit, the multi-energy power generation module and the SOEC hydrogen production module respectively.

5. The multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated dispatching and control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The energy management module is also used to dynamically optimize the priority of each energy in the multi-energy power generation module in real time based on the current electricity price and the current load demand to obtain a priority allocation strategy; The main control module is also used to control the multi-energy power generation module to supply power based on the priority allocation strategy.

6. The multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated dispatching and control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The hydrogen storage module includes: a gas-liquid separator, a condenser, a compressor and a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, wherein the gas-liquid separator, the condenser, the compressor and the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank are connected in sequence; the gas-liquid separator is used to remove water vapor and impurities in the hydrogen; the condenser is used to cool the hydrogen separated by the gas-liquid separator; the compressor is used to compress the cooled hydrogen; and the high-pressure gas storage tank is used to store the compressed hydrogen.

7. The multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated dispatching and control system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It also includes an off-grid and on-grid switching module, which is used to switch between off-grid and on-grid based on the state of the power grid.

8. The multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated dispatching and control system according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The off-grid switching module includes: a grid status monitoring unit, which is used to collect power supply parameters of the grid in real time or periodically, and the power supply parameters include voltage, frequency and phase; an intelligent switching unit, which is used to obtain the power supply data collected by the grid status monitoring unit and analyze the power supply data, and control the multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated dispatching and control system to switch to the grid-connected state when the grid is determined to be stable based on the power supply data; and control the multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated dispatching and control system to switch to the off-grid state when the grid is determined to be unstable based on the power supply data; a redundant protection unit, which is used to maintain the operation of the grid status monitoring unit and the intelligent switching unit in the event of a power outage in the grid, and the redundant protection unit includes an independent backup power supply and a backup control circuit.

9. The multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated dispatching and control system according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The intelligent switching unit uses sliding mode control technology to control the multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated scheduling control system to switch between grid connection and off-grid connection.

10. The multi-energy power supply and hydrogen energy storage coordinated dispatching and control system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Also includes: A waste heat recovery management module is used to recover and reuse the heat generated during the operation of the SOFC power generation unit and / or the SOEC hydrogen production module using a heat exchanger based on a heuristic thermal management algorithm.

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