A communication method for implementing 5G edge coverage by integrating positioning and user data

Abstract

The specification provides a communication method for realizing 5G edge coverage by integrating positioning and user data, and relates to the field of 5G mobile communication. When a user terminal cannot access a 5G network, the user terminal creates a UDP broadcast socket, establishes a sending thread and a receiving thread; the sending thread broadcasts the node information of the node through ad hoc networking, the receiving thread receives and records the node information of other nodes to form a terminal information table; the node attribute is determined according to the current 5G module access state; if there are multiple nodes with the attribute of relay nodes in the network, the optimal relay node information is selected from the candidate relay nodes as the user terminal forwarding configuration according to the terminal information table and in combination with the relay node selection rule; the ad hoc networking IP corresponding to the optimal relay node is read in the terminal information table, the configuration command is executed, the route is switched, and the data path forwarded by the relay node is realized. The problem of gradually deteriorating signal quality of the user leaving the current 5G base station coverage range is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This document relates to the field of 5G mobile communications, and in particular to a communication method for achieving 5G edge coverage by integrating positioning and user data. Background Technology

[0002] 5G communication technology boasts extremely high transmission rates, low latency, and high connection density, enabling its widespread application in fields such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and cloud computing. However, high-frequency signals have poor penetration, and in densely populated areas or areas without base station deployments, insufficient base stations can lead to significant signal problems. Furthermore, 5G typically requires relatively fixed base stations, resulting in poor mobility. When 5G signals are weak and unavailable, user data transmission is impossible, leading to connection loss.

[0003] Currently, 5G communication technology faces several challenges, including:

[0004] (1) Base station quantity and coverage limitations: 5G base stations are expensive to build, and due to frequency band characteristics, their coverage area is smaller than that of 4G base stations. This means that there may be significant coverage gaps in some areas. When users leave the coverage area of ​​devices that can currently access the 5G network, if there is no effective mechanism to ensure that they can automatically detect and connect to new network nodes, the signal quality will gradually deteriorate, which may eventually lead to network outages.

[0005] (2) Mobility Management: Network mobility management is one of the key issues. When a device moves from one area to another, an efficient mechanism is needed to quickly switch network connections to ensure communication continuity.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a 5G communication method to solve the problem that signal quality gradually deteriorates when users leave the coverage area of ​​the current 5G base station. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This specification provides a communication method for achieving 5G edge coverage by integrating positioning and user data, which is used to solve the problem that the signal quality gradually deteriorates when the user leaves the coverage area of ​​the current 5G base station.

[0008] Firstly, this specification provides a communication method for achieving 5G edge coverage by integrating positioning and user data, including:

[0009] When a user terminal cannot access the 5G network, the user terminal creates a UDP broadcast socket and establishes a sending thread and a receiving thread respectively. The sending thread broadcasts the node information of its own node through the self-organizing network nodes, and the receiving thread receives and records the node information of other nodes to form a terminal information table.

[0010] Based on the current 5G module access status, the node attributes are determined, including: ordinary nodes and relay nodes;

[0011] If there are multiple nodes in the network that are relay nodes, then according to the terminal information table and the relay node selection rules, the optimal relay node information is selected from the candidate relay nodes as the user terminal forwarding configuration.

[0012] Read the IP address of the optimal relay node corresponding to the self-organizing network from the terminal information table, execute the configuration command, switch the route, and realize the data path forwarded by the relay node.

[0013] Secondly, this specification provides a communication device for achieving 5G edge coverage by integrating positioning and user data, including: a converged networking module, a link and network status detection module, a relay node determination module, an intelligent selection module, a network resource dynamic allocation module, a routing switching module, a control interface module, and an operation and maintenance module; wherein:

[0014] The converged networking module is used to enable devices to access a self-organizing network in areas with insufficient 5G network coverage. The self-organizing network consists of mobile devices that communicate with each other and transmit data. The self-organizing network and the 5G network operate simultaneously, and node information is broadcast within the network through the self-organizing network.

[0015] The link and network status detection module is responsible for detecting the link status and network status of nodes; wherein the link status includes 5G access status, self-organizing network access status, 5G access signal quality, and signal quality between self-organizing network nodes; the network status includes routing information of the self-organizing network, base station information for 5G network access, and frequency bands and frequencies of the 5G network.

[0016] The relay node determination module is used to determine whether user data interaction can be carried out through 5G by the access status and access signal quality of the 5G module. The terminal is divided into relay nodes and ordinary nodes. The relay node has a 5G network and acts as a data relay station for the self-organizing network. The ordinary node does not have a 5G network and does not have the function of self-organizing network data relay.

[0017] The intelligent selection module is used to detect the network topology and link status through automatic detection when the terminal device moves and leaves the coverage area of ​​the current relay node, and to determine whether there are other terminal devices as new relay nodes; if there are new relay nodes, it will intelligently switch to the most suitable relay node based on a comprehensive assessment of link status, load status, and QoS factors.

[0018] The network resource dynamic allocation module is used by devices that cannot access the 5G network to select a relay node to transmit data. This relay node carries the data services of multiple devices and interacts with the access network backend to realize the dynamic redistribution of 5G link network resources.

[0019] The routing switching module is used to execute the result of the intelligent selection module and use the selection result as the data forwarding path of the current node;

[0020] The control interface module is responsible for the initialization and control functions of the hardware module;

[0021] The operation and maintenance module is used to provide users with visual status monitoring and configuration functions.

[0022] Thirdly, this specification also provides a network device, including: a communication interface, a processor, and a memory;

[0023] The processor invokes program instructions from the memory to perform the following actions:

[0024] A communication method for achieving 5G edge coverage by integrating positioning and user data, characterized in that it includes:

[0025] When a user terminal cannot access the 5G network, the user terminal creates a UDP broadcast socket and establishes a sending thread and a receiving thread respectively. The sending thread broadcasts the node information of its own node through the self-organizing network nodes, and the receiving thread receives the node information of other nodes and records it to form a terminal information table.

[0026] Based on the current 5G module access status, the node attributes are determined, including: ordinary nodes and relay nodes;

[0027] If there are multiple nodes in the network that are relay nodes, then according to the terminal information table and the relay node selection rules, the optimal relay node information is selected from the candidate relay nodes as the user terminal forwarding configuration.

[0028] Read the IP address of the optimal relay node corresponding to the self-organizing network from the terminal information table, execute the configuration command, switch the route, and realize the data path forwarded by the relay node.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0030] This specification provides a communication method for achieving 5G edge coverage by integrating positioning and user data. When a user terminal cannot access the 5G network, the user terminal creates a UDP broadcast socket and establishes both a sending thread and a receiving thread. The sending thread broadcasts its node information through the self-organizing network's network nodes, while the receiving thread receives and records the node information of other nodes, forming a terminal information table. Based on the current 5G module access status, node attributes are determined. If multiple nodes in the network are classified as relay nodes, the optimal relay node information is selected from the candidate relay nodes according to the terminal information table and relay node selection rules, and used as the user terminal's forwarding configuration. The self-organizing network IP corresponding to the optimal relay node is read from the terminal information table, a configuration command is executed, and the route is switched to establish a data forwarding path via the relay node. This method allows for multiple relay nodes that do not conflict with each other; relay nodes can be moved and are no longer fixed in location or attribute; devices unable to access 5G can dynamically select the optimal relay node based on the surrounding network conditions; automatic switching ensures both network coverage and mobility. This method primarily addresses the coverage limitations and mobility issues of 5G networks by utilizing ad hoc network technology to achieve seamless network coverage and intelligent handover. This approach can effectively improve the quality of network services, especially in areas with insufficient 5G signal coverage. Attached Figure Description

[0031] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this specification and form part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this specification, but do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a communication method for achieving 5G edge coverage by integrating positioning and user data, as provided in the embodiments of this specification.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a terminal information collection and broadcasting process provided in the embodiments of this specification;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a node attribute determination process provided in the embodiments of this specification;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a relay node selection process provided in the embodiments of this specification;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a communication device that integrates positioning and user data to achieve 5G edge coverage, as provided in the embodiments of this specification.

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a network device structure provided in the embodiments of this specification. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this specification clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments in this specification, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this document.

[0039] The technical solutions provided in the various embodiments of this specification are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Specific Implementation Example 1:

[0041] This embodiment provides a communication method for achieving 5G edge coverage by integrating positioning and user data;

[0042] First, it's important to clarify that a self-organizing network is a combination of mobile communication and computer networks. It uses low-frequency user terminals, which are portable and mobile devices. Devices within the network can move freely and dynamically establish network connections without requiring fixed infrastructure. However, self-organizing networks have significant limitations, low versatility, and cannot interact with public networks, exhibiting a degree of isolation.

[0043] Secondly, the working principle of the method provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0044] In areas with 5G coverage, a 5G network is used. In edge areas not covered by 5G, a self-organizing network is used. Nodes that can access 5G and meet certain conditions are generally called relay nodes. User data from terminals not connected to the 5G network is transmitted to relay nodes, which then access the public network, achieving edge coverage. If a terminal not connected to the 5G network moves out of the coverage area of ​​the current relay node, automatic detection methods can be used to automatically determine whether there are other qualified terminal devices that can act as relay nodes within the current network, and intelligently switch to the optimal relay node. This embodiment integrates self-organizing network and 5G network convergence technologies, enabling devices to access the 5G network through specific nodes in a self-organizing network environment. Seamless network coverage and intelligent switching are achieved through self-organizing network technology.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the method provided in this embodiment specifically includes the following steps:

[0046] Step S101: Start the control unit module and complete the module initialization; start the operation and maintenance module to realize visual monitoring of status; in the link and network status detection module, monitor and obtain the network status and link status in real time.

[0047] Step 102: When the user terminal cannot access the 5G network, the user terminal creates a UDP broadcast socket and establishes a sending thread and a receiving thread respectively. The sending thread broadcasts the node information of its own node through the self-organizing network nodes, and the receiving thread receives the node information of other nodes and records it to form a terminal information table.

[0048] The node information includes: 5G information, self-organizing network information, and device information; among which:

[0049] The 5G information includes: IMEI, IMSI, access status and signal quality, and access base station information;

[0050] The self-organizing network information includes: self-organizing network IP and SN;

[0051] The device information includes: the attributes of this node, the number of terminals connected to this node, and the routing network segment or IP list of connected devices after this node.

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, specifically, one implementation of step 102 can be:

[0053] S21. The user terminal's sending thread obtains its own node information and broadcasts the node information to the network nodes through the ad hoc network.

[0054] S22. The receiving thread of the user terminal creates a node information linked list and performs an aging time judgment on each piece of information in the linked list.

[0055] S23. After traversing the entire linked list, receive the broadcast packet. After receiving the data packet, record the current time and parse the data.

[0056] S24. The IMEI value in the data information is a unique value of the linked list index. Based on the IMEI value, it is determined whether the current node information exists in the current linked list. The current entry parameter information or node parameters are updated; the update time of the current entry is refreshed.

[0057] S25. Based on the node information, the updated entry parameter information, the node parameters, and the update time, a terminal information table is formed.

[0058] The terminal information table includes: the update time of node information, 5G network signal quality and signal-to-noise ratio, self-organizing network signal quality, and the number of hops between nodes.

[0059] It should be noted that the terminal information table provides parameter information for subsequent relay selection and routing configuration; the table contains the IMEI of the terminal in the self-organizing network, 5G network information, self-organizing network information and device information. This information serves as the input parameter for the subsequent automatic relay selection module, providing a basis for realizing intelligent handover.

[0060] Step 104: Determine the node attributes based on the current 5G module access status. The node attributes include: ordinary node and relay node.

[0061] like Figure 3 As shown, specifically, one implementation of step 104 can be:

[0062] S41. Based on the access status instructions provided by the 5G module, obtain its network registration status and access status; based on the network registration status and access status, determine whether the current node has completed 5G network access; if 5G network access has not been completed, re-enter the dialing process; if the dialing fails, select the self-organizing network data forwarding mode and determine that the node attribute is a normal node.

[0063] S42. If the node has already accessed the 5G network, or if it has successfully redialed before access is completed, then a 5G signal quality judgment is performed. The two parameters, the user-configured signal quality threshold and the signal quality compliance time, are compared and judged. When the signal quality reaches the specified threshold and remains stable for a specific time, the node is determined to be a relay node.

[0064] Relay nodes can be multiple and dynamically moved via drones or vehicles to adapt to changing network coverage needs. By drawing on mobility management protocols and utilizing distributed algorithms to dynamically manage network topology, terminal devices can smoothly switch to new relay nodes. Signal strength data is collected by deployed network nodes, and machine learning algorithms are used to monitor and predict signal quality in real time, thus preparing for handover in advance. Network resources, such as spectrum, power, and bandwidth, are intelligently allocated to ensure users continue to receive stable network service while on the move.

[0065] It should be noted that when a terminal is classified as a regular node, although it cannot be used as a relay, it can still use 5G for data communication if the 5G link is properly connected. Regular nodes are not required to use ad hoc network communication.

[0066] Step 106: If there are multiple nodes in the network with the attribute of relay nodes, then according to the terminal information table and the relay node selection rules, select the optimal relay node information from the candidate relay nodes as the user terminal forwarding configuration.

[0067] See Figure 4 The relay node selection rules include:

[0068] S61. Based on the 5G network signal quality and signal-to-noise ratio, perform the first sorting and screening of all candidate relay node information;

[0069] S62. Based on the results of the first screening, if there are two or more candidate relay nodes with 5G signal quality differences within 5dB, a second screening shall be performed.

[0070] S63. Sort the screening results according to the self-organizing network quality of the candidate relay nodes;

[0071] S64. After sorting the candidate relay nodes according to the quality of the self-organizing network, if there are nodes whose 5G signal quality differs by more than 5dB, then the node is determined as a relay node.

[0072] S65. If there are nodes with 5G signal quality differences within 5dB, compare the hop count of the candidate node with that of the current node, and select the node with the lower hop count as the relay node.

[0073] S66. If multiple candidate nodes have the same hop count as the current node, the node with the newest update time shall be preferred as the relay node.

[0074] S67. If a device that cannot access the 5G network has already selected a relay node, as long as the relay node in the terminal information table still has the relay attribute, it will not be reselected and updated to ensure network stability.

[0075] Step 108: Read the self-organizing network IP corresponding to the optimal relay node from the terminal information table, execute the configuration command, switch the route, and realize the data path forwarded by the relay node.

[0076] Furthermore, after performing step 108, the method further includes a relay node switching step, which can specifically be:

[0077] S91. When the terminal device moves and leaves the coverage area of ​​the current relay node, or when the current relay node moves and can no longer cover the terminal device, the remote non-connected 5G terminal uses automatic detection methods to detect the network topology and link status to determine whether there are other terminal devices as new relay nodes.

[0078] S92. If a new relay node exists, the system will intelligently switch to the most suitable relay node based on a comprehensive assessment of link status, load status, and QoS.

[0079] In summary, in this embodiment, when a user terminal cannot access the 5G network, the user terminal creates a UDP broadcast socket and establishes sending and receiving threads. The sending thread broadcasts its node information through the self-organizing network's network nodes, while the receiving thread receives and records the node information of other nodes, forming a terminal information table. Based on the current 5G module access status, node attributes are determined. If multiple nodes in the network are relay nodes, the optimal relay node information is selected from the candidate relay nodes according to the terminal information table and relay node selection rules, serving as the user terminal's forwarding configuration. The self-organizing network IP corresponding to the optimal relay node is read from the terminal information table, configuration commands are executed, and routing is switched to achieve a data forwarding path via the relay node. This method allows for multiple relay nodes that do not conflict with each other; relay nodes can move and are no longer fixed in location or attribute; devices unable to access 5G can dynamically select the optimal relay node based on the surrounding network conditions; automatic switching ensures network coverage and mobility. This method primarily addresses the coverage limitations and mobility issues of 5G networks, achieving seamless network coverage and intelligent switching through self-organizing network technology. This approach can effectively improve the quality of network services, especially in areas with insufficient 5G signal coverage. Specific Implementation Example 2:

[0081] This embodiment provides a communication device that integrates positioning and user data to achieve 5G edge coverage. See [link to documentation]. Figure 5 It includes: a converged networking module, a link and network status detection module, a relay node determination module, an intelligent selection module, a network resource dynamic allocation module, a route switching module, a control interface module, and an operation and maintenance module; among which:

[0082] The link and network status detection module is connected to the relay node determination module; the selectable module, the network resource dynamic allocation module, and the route switching module are connected in sequence; the control interface module, the operation and maintenance module, and the converged networking module are connected in sequence.

[0083] Specifically, the functions of each module are as follows:

[0084] The converged networking module is used to enable devices to access a self-organizing network in areas with insufficient 5G network coverage. The self-organizing network consists of mobile devices that communicate with each other and transmit data. The self-organizing network and the 5G network operate simultaneously, and node information is broadcast within the network through the self-organizing network.

[0085] The link and network status detection module is responsible for detecting the link status and network status of nodes; wherein the link status includes 5G access status, self-organizing network access status, 5G access signal quality, and signal quality between self-organizing network nodes; the network status includes routing information of the self-organizing network, base station information for 5G network access, and frequency bands and frequencies of the 5G network.

[0086] The relay node determination module is used to determine whether user data interaction can be carried out through 5G by the access status and access signal quality of the 5G module. The terminal is divided into relay nodes and ordinary nodes. The relay node has a 5G network and acts as a data relay station for the self-organizing network. The ordinary node does not have a 5G network and does not have the function of self-organizing network data relay.

[0087] Relay nodes can be multiple and dynamically moved via drones or vehicles to adapt to changing network coverage needs. By drawing on mobility management protocols and utilizing distributed algorithms to dynamically manage network topology, terminal devices can smoothly switch to new relay nodes. Signal strength data is collected by deployed network nodes, and machine learning algorithms are used to monitor and predict signal quality in real time, thus preparing for handover in advance. Network resources, such as spectrum, power, and bandwidth, are intelligently allocated to ensure users continue to receive stable network service while on the move.

[0088] Furthermore, there can be multiple relay nodes that do not conflict with each other; relay nodes can be moved and are no longer fixed in location or with fixed attributes; devices that cannot access 5G can dynamically select the optimal relay node based on the surrounding network conditions; and automatic switching can ensure network coverage and mobility.

[0089] The intelligent selection module is used to detect the network topology and link status through automatic detection when the terminal device moves and leaves the coverage area of ​​the current relay node, and to determine whether there are other terminal devices as new relay nodes; if there are new relay nodes, it will intelligently switch to the most suitable relay node based on a comprehensive assessment of link status, load status, and QoS factors.

[0090] The network resource dynamic allocation module is used by devices that cannot access the 5G network to select a relay node to transmit data. This relay node carries the data services of multiple devices and interacts with the access network backend to realize the dynamic redistribution of 5G link network resources.

[0091] The routing switching module is used to execute the result of the intelligent selection module and use the selection result as the data forwarding path of the current node;

[0092] The control interface module is responsible for the initialization and control functions of the hardware module;

[0093] The operation and maintenance module is used to provide users with visual status monitoring and configuration functions.

[0094] In summary, in this embodiment, when a user terminal cannot access the 5G network, the user terminal creates a UDP broadcast socket and establishes sending and receiving threads. The sending thread broadcasts its node information through the self-organizing network's network nodes, while the receiving thread receives and records the node information of other nodes, forming a terminal information table. Based on the current 5G module access status, node attributes are determined. If multiple nodes in the network are relay nodes, the optimal relay node information is selected from the candidate relay nodes according to the terminal information table and relay node selection rules, serving as the user terminal's forwarding configuration. The self-organizing network IP corresponding to the optimal relay node is read from the terminal information table, configuration commands are executed, and routing is switched to achieve a data forwarding path via the relay node. This method allows for multiple relay nodes that do not conflict with each other; relay nodes can move and are no longer fixed in location or attribute; devices unable to access 5G can dynamically select the optimal relay node based on the surrounding network conditions; automatic switching ensures network coverage and mobility. This method primarily addresses the coverage limitations and mobility issues of 5G networks, achieving seamless network coverage and intelligent switching through self-organizing network technology. This approach can effectively improve the quality of network services, especially in areas with insufficient 5G signal coverage. Specific Implementation Example 3:

[0096] This embodiment provides a communication method for achieving 5G edge coverage by integrating positioning and user data. The main operation flow is as follows:

[0097] The first step is to start the control unit module and complete the module initialization; then start the operation and maintenance module to enable visual monitoring of the status.

[0098] The second step involves real-time monitoring and acquisition of network and link status in the link and network status detection module.

[0099] The third step, the converged networking module, mainly includes the implementation of 5G waveforms and protocols, the implementation of self-organizing network waveforms and networking, and also includes broadcasting the information of this terminal to the network nodes through the self-organizing network.

[0100] During operation, the terminal needs to broadcast relevant information about this node, including (but not limited to):

[0101] 1) 5G: IMEI, IMSI, access status and signal quality, access base station information

[0102] 2) Self-organizing network: Self-organizing network IP (pre-configured self-organizing network IP), SN

[0103] 3) Devices: Node attributes, number of terminals connected to this node, and list of routing network segments or connected device IPs after this node.

[0104] After the device starts up, a UDP broadcast socket is created, and separate sending and receiving threads are established. The sending thread is mainly used to broadcast information from this node, while the receiving thread is used to receive and record information from other nodes, providing parameter information for subsequent relay selection and routing configuration, as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0105] The sending thread obtains relevant information about this node (the information mentioned above) and broadcasts the information through the ad hoc network.

[0106] The receiving thread needs to create and manage a linked list of node information entries, which is called the "terminal information table." The user needs to preset the aging time of the linked list. When the thread executes, it needs to check the aging time of each entry in the linked list; if an entry has reached its aging time and has not been updated, it is deleted. After traversing the entire linked list, it begins receiving broadcast packets. Upon receiving a data packet, it records the current time and parses the data. The IMEI value in the data information is a unique value for the linked list index. Based on this value, it checks whether the node information exists in the current linked list. If it exists, the entry's parameters are updated; if it does not exist, a new entry is created and the node parameters are updated. Finally, the update time of the entry is refreshed.

[0107] The fourth step is to run the final relay node determination module to determine the node attributes based on the current 5G module access status; see [link / reference]. Figure 3 ;

[0108] The 5G module provides access status commands to obtain its network registration status and access status. After reading the information, it determines whether the access is completed. If the access is not completed, the dialing process is restarted. If the dialing fails, the self-organizing network data forwarding mode is selected, which is the ordinary node.

[0109] If the connection has been established, or if the connection has not been established but a successful redial has been made, the process of judging the 5G signal quality will begin. Users need to configure two parameters: signal quality threshold and signal quality compliance time. Once the signal quality reaches the threshold and remains stable for x seconds, it is defined as a relay node, and data forwarding communication can be performed by either 5G or a self-organizing network.

[0110] It should be noted that when a terminal is classified as a regular node, although it cannot be used as a relay, it can still use 5G for data communication if the 5G link is properly connected. Regular nodes are not required to use ad hoc network communication.

[0111] The fifth step involves using the intelligent switching module to determine the node attributes of the current terminal based on the output of the relay node determination module.

[0112] One or more relay nodes can exist within the network; multiple pieces of information need to be obtained from the "Terminal Information Table", and the parameters of multiple relay information are compared and judged according to the requirements, and one of the relay node information is selected as the forwarding configuration for this terminal.

[0113] Since this process is an automatic sorting and selection process, in order to ensure network stability, users need to configure the update time to ensure that ordinary nodes do not frequently switch relay selections when the network quality of multiple relay nodes meets the usage standards.

[0114] To further explain, the rules for selecting relay nodes involve filtering out terminals that can serve as relay nodes from the terminal information table, and then selecting the best option based on other information:

[0115] (1) The update time of information of relay nodes;

[0116] (2) 5G network signal quality and signal-to-noise ratio of relay nodes;

[0117] (3) Signal quality of the relay node in the self-organizing network;

[0118] (4) The number of hops between the relay node and the current node;

[0119] like Figure 4 As shown, firstly, all candidate relay node information is sorted according to 5G network signal quality and signal-to-noise ratio; if there are two or more candidate relay nodes with 5G signal quality differences within 5dB, then the results of sequentially filtering nodes within this range are subjected to secondary filtering.

[0120] Next, the secondary screening rules are clarified. The results of the primary screening are sorted according to the self-organizing network quality of the candidate relay nodes. If there is a 5G signal quality difference of more than 5dB, the node is determined as a relay node. If there is a 5G signal quality difference of less than 5dB, the hop count of the candidate node is compared with that of the current node, and the node with the lower hop count is selected as the relay node.

[0121] If multiple candidate nodes have the same hop count as the current node, the node with the newest update time is preferred as the relay node.

[0122] If a device that cannot access the 5G network has already selected a node as a relay node, as long as that node is still classified as a relay node in the terminal information table, it will not be reselected and updated to ensure network stability.

[0123] The sixth step is to detect when the device is running and finds that the current node cannot access the network. Through the network resource dynamic allocation module, the number of devices carrying services and the service traffic are interacted with the access network. Remote authentication access, number of devices, traffic bandwidth application, etc. are initiated to the access network. The service bandwidth is dynamically adjusted on the 5G side to ensure QoS capability.

[0124] It should be noted that, in order to ensure the feasibility of the relay node, the following technical means are mainly adopted in this embodiment:

[0125] Dynamic relay deployment: There can be multiple relay nodes, which can be dynamically moved by means of drones or vehicles to adapt to changes in network coverage requirements.

[0126] Enhanced mobility management: By drawing on mobility management protocols and using distributed algorithms to dynamically manage network topology, terminal devices can be smoothly switched to new relay nodes.

[0127] Improved signal quality monitoring and prediction: Signal strength data is collected by deployed network nodes, and machine learning algorithms are used to monitor and predict signal quality in real time, thereby preparing for handover in advance.

[0128] Dynamic allocation of network resources: Intelligent allocation of network resources, such as spectrum, power, and bandwidth, to ensure that users can still obtain stable network services while on the move.

[0129] Step 7: If the current node cannot access the network in the case of step 6, then the configuration switch is performed through the routing policy module; based on the result of step 5, the self-organizing network IP corresponding to the selected relay node is read from the terminal information table, the configuration command is executed, the route is switched, and the data path forwarded by the relay node is realized.

[0130] In summary, in this embodiment, when a user terminal cannot access the 5G network, the user terminal creates a UDP broadcast socket and establishes sending and receiving threads. The sending thread broadcasts its node information through the self-organizing network's network nodes, while the receiving thread receives and records the node information of other nodes, forming a terminal information table. Based on the current 5G module access status, node attributes are determined. If multiple nodes in the network are relay nodes, the optimal relay node information is selected from the candidate relay nodes according to the terminal information table and relay node selection rules, serving as the user terminal's forwarding configuration. The self-organizing network IP corresponding to the optimal relay node is read from the terminal information table, configuration commands are executed, and routing is switched to achieve a data forwarding path via the relay node. This method allows for multiple relay nodes that do not conflict with each other; relay nodes can move and are no longer fixed in location or attribute; devices unable to access 5G can dynamically select the optimal relay node based on the surrounding network conditions; automatic switching ensures network coverage and mobility. This method primarily addresses the coverage limitations and mobility issues of 5G networks, achieving seamless network coverage and intelligent switching through self-organizing network technology. This approach can effectively improve the quality of network services, especially in areas with insufficient 5G signal coverage. Specific Implementation Example 4:

[0132] This manual also provides a network device, see [link to documentation]. Figure 6 The network device can implement the details of the method described in the above embodiments and achieve the same effect. For example... Figure 6 As shown, network device 600 includes: processor 601, transceiver 602, memory 603, user interface 604, and bus interface, wherein:

[0133] In this embodiment of the specification, the network device 600 further includes: a computer program stored in the memory 603 and executable by the processor 601, the computer program being executed by the processor 601 to perform the following steps:

[0134] When a user terminal cannot access the 5G network, the user terminal creates a UDP broadcast socket and establishes a sending thread and a receiving thread respectively. The sending thread broadcasts the node information of its own node through the self-organizing network nodes, and the receiving thread receives and records the node information of other nodes to form a terminal information table.

[0135] Based on the current 5G module access status, the node attributes are determined, including: ordinary nodes and relay nodes;

[0136] If there are multiple nodes in the network that are relay nodes, then according to the terminal information table and the relay node selection rules, the optimal relay node information is selected from the candidate relay nodes as the user terminal forwarding configuration.

[0137] Read the IP address of the optimal relay node corresponding to the self-organizing network from the terminal information table, execute the configuration command, switch the route, and realize the data path forwarded by the relay node.

[0138] exist Figure 6 In this document, the bus framework may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically linking various circuits of one or more processors represented by processor 601 and memory represented by memory 603 together. The bus framework may also link various other circuits such as peripheral devices, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and therefore will not be described further here. The bus interface provides an interface. Transceiver 602 may be multiple elements, including transmitters and receivers, providing a unit for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium. For different user equipment, user interface 604 may also be an interface capable of connecting external or internal devices, including but not limited to keypads, displays, speakers, microphones, joysticks, etc.

[0139] The processor 601 has an amplitude management bus architecture and normal processing. The memory 603 can store data used by the processor 601 during operation. Optionally, when a computer program is executed by the processor 601, it can also perform the following steps:

[0140] Optionally, the node information includes: 5G information, self-organizing network information, and device information; wherein:

[0141] The 5G information includes: IMEI, IMSI, access status and signal quality, and access base station information;

[0142] The self-organizing network information includes: self-organizing network IP and SN;

[0143] The device information includes: the attributes of this node, the number of terminals connected to this node, and the list of routing network segments or connected device IPs after this node.

[0144] Optionally, the user terminal creates a UDP broadcast socket and establishes a sending thread and a receiving thread respectively; the sending thread broadcasts its node information to other nodes in the ad hoc network, and the receiving thread receives and records the node information of other nodes to form a terminal information table, including:

[0145] The user terminal's sending thread obtains its own node information and broadcasts the node information to the network nodes of the ad hoc network.

[0146] The receiving thread of the user terminal creates a linked list of node information and performs an aging time determination on each piece of information in the linked list.

[0147] After traversing the entire linked list, receive broadcast packets, record the current time after receiving the data packets, and parse the data.

[0148] The IMEI value in the data information is a unique value for the linked list index. Based on the IMEI value, it is determined whether the current node information exists in the current linked list, and the current entry parameter information or node parameters are updated; the update time of the current entry is refreshed.

[0149] A terminal information table is formed based on node information, updated node parameter information, node parameters, and update time.

[0150] Optionally, the terminal information table includes: the update time of node information, 5G network signal quality and signal-to-noise ratio, self-organizing network signal quality, and hop count between nodes.

[0151] Optionally, determining node attributes based on the current 5G module access status includes:

[0152] Based on the access status instructions provided by the 5G module, obtain its network registration status and access status;

[0153] Based on the network registration status and access status, determine whether the current node has completed 5G network access;

[0154] If 5G network access is not completed, the dialing process will be restarted. If the dialing fails, the self-organizing network data forwarding mode will be selected, and the node attribute will be determined as an ordinary node.

[0155] Optionally, determining node attributes based on the current 5G module access status includes:

[0156] If the node has already connected to the 5G network, or if it has successfully redialed before completing the connection, then a 5G signal quality assessment will be performed.

[0157] The system compares two parameters: the user-configured signal quality threshold and the signal quality compliance time. Once the signal quality reaches the specified threshold and remains stable for a certain period of time, the node is determined to be a relay node.

[0158] Optionally, the relay node selection rules include:

[0159] Based on the 5G network signal quality and signal-to-noise ratio, all candidate relay node information is sorted and filtered for the first time.

[0160] Based on the results of the first screening, if there are two or more candidate relay nodes with 5G signal quality differences within 5dB, a second screening will be conducted.

[0161] The results of the first screening are sorted according to the self-organizing network quality of the candidate relay nodes;

[0162] After sorting the candidate relay nodes according to the self-organizing network quality, if there are nodes whose 5G signal quality differs from that of more than 5dB, then that node is determined as a relay node.

[0163] If there are nodes with 5G signal quality differences within 5dB, the hop count of the candidate node is compared with that of the current node, and the node with the lower hop count is selected as the relay node.

[0164] If multiple candidate nodes have the same hop count as the current node, the node with the newest update time is preferred as the relay node.

[0165] If a device that cannot access the 5G network has already selected a relay node, as long as the relay node in the terminal information table still has the relay attribute, it will not be reselected and updated.

[0166] Optionally, after reading the ad hoc network IP corresponding to the optimal relay node from the terminal information table, executing the configuration command, switching the route, and establishing a data path forwarded by the relay node, the method further includes:

[0167] When a terminal device moves and leaves the coverage area of ​​the current relay node, or when the current relay node moves and its coverage area can no longer reach the terminal device, the remote non-connected 5G terminal uses automatic detection methods to detect the network topology and link status to determine whether there are other terminal devices as new relay nodes.

[0168] If a new relay node is available, the system will intelligently switch to the most suitable relay node based on a comprehensive assessment of link status, load status, and QoS.

[0169] In summary, in this embodiment, when a user terminal cannot access the 5G network, the user terminal creates a UDP broadcast socket and establishes sending and receiving threads. The sending thread broadcasts its node information through the self-organizing network's network nodes, while the receiving thread receives and records the node information of other nodes, forming a terminal information table. Based on the current 5G module access status, node attributes are determined. If multiple nodes in the network are relay nodes, the optimal relay node information is selected from the candidate relay nodes according to the terminal information table and relay node selection rules, serving as the user terminal's forwarding configuration. The self-organizing network IP corresponding to the optimal relay node is read from the terminal information table, configuration commands are executed, and routing is switched to achieve a data forwarding path via the relay node. This method allows for multiple relay nodes that do not conflict with each other; relay nodes can move and are no longer fixed in location or attribute; devices unable to access 5G can dynamically select the optimal relay node based on the surrounding network conditions; automatic switching ensures network coverage and mobility. This method primarily addresses the coverage limitations and mobility issues of 5G networks, achieving seamless network coverage and intelligent switching through self-organizing network technology. This approach can effectively improve the quality of network services, especially in areas with insufficient 5G signal coverage.

[0170] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this specification and is not intended to limit this specification. Various modifications and variations can be made to this specification by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this specification should be included within the scope of protection of this specification.

Claims

1. A communication method for achieving 5G edge coverage by integrating positioning and user data, characterized in that, include: When a user terminal cannot access the 5G network, the user terminal creates a UDP broadcast socket and establishes a sending thread and a receiving thread respectively. The sending thread broadcasts its node information to other nodes in the ad hoc network, while the receiving thread receives and records the node information from other nodes to form a terminal information table. Based on the current 5G module access status, the node attributes are determined, including: ordinary nodes and relay nodes; If there are multiple nodes in the network that are relay nodes, then according to the terminal information table and the relay node selection rules, the optimal relay node information is selected from the candidate relay nodes as the user terminal forwarding configuration. Read the self-organizing network IP corresponding to the optimal relay node from the terminal information table, execute the configuration command, switch the route, and realize the data path forwarded by the relay node; The relay node selection rules include: Based on the 5G network signal quality and signal-to-noise ratio, all candidate relay node information is sorted and filtered for the first time. Based on the results of the first screening, if there are two or more candidate relay nodes with 5G signal quality differences within 5dB, a second screening will be conducted. The results of the first screening are sorted according to the self-organizing network quality of the candidate relay nodes; After sorting the candidate relay nodes according to the self-organizing network quality, if there are nodes whose 5G signal quality differs from that of more than 5dB, then that node is determined as a relay node. If there are nodes with 5G signal quality differences within 5dB, the hop count of the candidate node is compared with that of the current node, and the node with the lower hop count is selected as the relay node. If multiple candidate nodes have the same hop count as the current node, the node with the newest update time is preferred as the relay node. If a device that cannot access the 5G network has already selected a relay node, as long as the relay node in the terminal information table still has the relay attribute, it will not be reselected and updated.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The node information includes: 5G information, self-organizing network information, and device information; wherein: The 5G information includes: IMEI, IMSI, access status and signal quality, and access base station information; The self-organizing network information includes: self-organizing network IP and SN; The device information includes: the attributes of this node, the number of terminals connected to this node, and the list of routing network segments or connected device IPs after this node.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The user terminal creates a UDP broadcast socket and establishes a sending thread and a receiving thread respectively. The sending thread broadcasts its node information to other nodes in the ad hoc network, while the receiving thread receives and records the node information from other nodes to form a terminal information table, including: The user terminal's sending thread obtains its own node information and broadcasts the node information to the network nodes of the ad hoc network. The receiving thread of the user terminal creates a linked list of node information and performs an aging time determination on each piece of information in the linked list. After traversing the entire linked list, receive broadcast packets, record the current time after receiving the data packets, and parse the data. The IMEI value in the data information is a unique value for the linked list index. Based on the IMEI value, it is determined whether the current node information exists in the current linked list, and the current entry parameter information or node parameters are updated; the update time of the current entry is refreshed. A terminal information table is formed based on node information, updated node parameter information, node parameters, and update time.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, The terminal information table includes: the update time of node information, 5G network signal quality and signal-to-noise ratio, self-organizing network signal quality, and the number of hops between nodes.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining node attributes based on the current 5G module access status includes: Based on the access status instructions provided by the 5G module, obtain its network registration status and access status; Based on the network registration status and access status, determine whether the current node has completed 5G network access; If 5G network access is not completed, the dialing process will be restarted. If the dialing fails, the self-organizing network data forwarding mode will be selected, and the node attribute will be determined as an ordinary node.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of determining node attributes based on the current 5G module access status also includes: If the node has already connected to the 5G network, or if it has successfully redialed before completing the connection, then a 5G signal quality assessment will be performed. The system compares two parameters: the user-configured signal quality threshold and the signal quality compliance time. Once the signal quality reaches the specified threshold and remains stable for a certain period of time, the node is determined to be a relay node.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After reading the ad hoc network IP corresponding to the optimal relay node from the terminal information table, executing configuration commands, switching routes, and establishing a data path forwarded by the relay node, the method further includes: When a terminal device moves and leaves the coverage area of ​​the current relay node, or when the current relay node moves and its coverage area can no longer reach the terminal device, the remote non-connected 5G terminal uses automatic detection methods to detect the network topology and link status to determine whether there are other terminal devices as new relay nodes. If a new relay node is available, the system will intelligently switch to the most suitable relay node based on a comprehensive assessment of link status, load status, and QoS.

8. A communication device for achieving 5G edge coverage by integrating positioning and user data, used to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, include: The system includes a converged networking module, a link and network status detection module, a relay node determination module, an intelligent selection module, a network resource dynamic allocation module, a route switching module, a control interface module, and an operation and maintenance module; among which: The converged networking module is used to enable devices to access a self-organizing network in areas with insufficient 5G network coverage. The self-organizing network consists of mobile devices that communicate with each other and transmit data. The self-organizing network and the 5G network operate simultaneously, and node information is broadcast within the network through the self-organizing network. The link and network status detection module is responsible for detecting the link status and network status of nodes; wherein the link status includes 5G access status, self-organizing network access status, 5G access signal quality, and signal quality between self-organizing network nodes; the network status includes routing information of the self-organizing network, base station information for 5G network access, and frequency bands and frequencies of the 5G network. The relay node determination module is used to determine whether user data interaction can be carried out through 5G by the access status and access signal quality of the 5G module. The terminal is divided into relay nodes and ordinary nodes. The relay node has a 5G network and acts as a data relay station for the self-organizing network. The ordinary node does not have a 5G network and does not have the function of self-organizing network data relay. The intelligent selection module is used to detect the network topology and link status through automatic detection when the terminal device moves and leaves the coverage area of ​​the current relay node, and to determine whether there are other terminal devices as new relay nodes; if there are new relay nodes, it will intelligently switch to the most suitable relay node based on a comprehensive assessment of link status, load status, and QoS factors. The network resource dynamic allocation module is used by devices that cannot access the 5G network to select a relay node to transmit data. This relay node carries the data services of multiple devices and interacts with the access network backend to realize the dynamic redistribution of 5G link network resources. The routing switching module is used to execute the result of the intelligent selection module and use the selection result as the data forwarding path of the current node; The control interface module is responsible for the initialization and control functions of the hardware module; The operation and maintenance module is used to provide users with visual status monitoring and configuration functions.

9. A network device, characterized in that, include: Communication interface, processor, and memory; The processor invokes program instructions from the memory to perform the following actions: When a user terminal cannot access the 5G network, the user terminal creates a UDP broadcast socket and establishes a sending thread and a receiving thread respectively. The sending thread broadcasts the node information of its own node through the self-organizing network nodes, and the receiving thread receives the node information of other nodes and records it to form a terminal information table. Based on the current 5G module access status, the node attributes are determined, including: ordinary nodes and relay nodes; If there are multiple nodes in the network that are relay nodes, then according to the terminal information table and the relay node selection rules, the optimal relay node information is selected from the candidate relay nodes as the user terminal forwarding configuration. Read the self-organizing network IP corresponding to the optimal relay node from the terminal information table, execute the configuration command, switch the route, and realize the data path forwarded by the relay node; The relay node selection rules include: Based on the 5G network signal quality and signal-to-noise ratio, all candidate relay node information is sorted and filtered for the first time. Based on the results of the first screening, if there are two or more candidate relay nodes with 5G signal quality differences within 5dB, a second screening will be conducted. The results of the first screening are sorted according to the self-organizing network quality of the candidate relay nodes; After sorting the candidate relay nodes according to the self-organizing network quality, if there are nodes whose 5G signal quality differs from that of more than 5dB, then that node is determined as a relay node. If there are nodes with 5G signal quality differences within 5dB, the hop count of the candidate node is compared with that of the current node, and the node with the lower hop count is selected as the relay node. If multiple candidate nodes have the same hop count as the current node, the node with the newest update time is preferred as the relay node. If a device that cannot access the 5G network has already selected a relay node, as long as the relay node in the terminal information table still has the relay attribute, it will not be reselected and updated.

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