Traveling wave tube amplifier, power enhancement system, base station and related method

Abstract

A traveling wave tube amplifier, a power enhancement system, a base station and a related method relate to the technical field of electromagnetic wave power enhancement equipment, and comprise a plurality of transmitting components which are arranged at the same end of the traveling wave tube amplifier; the traveling wave tube amplifier comprises a plurality of power connection circuits, the plurality of power connection circuits are electrically connected with the plurality of transmitting assemblies in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the power connection circuits are used for driving the transmitting assemblies to transmit electron beams, so that the traveling wave tube amplifier at least works in a first working state or a second working state; in the first working state, a part of the emission assemblies emit electron beams. And in the second working state, the other part of the plurality of emission assemblies emits electron beams, or the plurality of emission assemblies all emit the electron beams. Through the multi-electron-beam traveling wave tube amplifier structure, the power enhancement function within the large-power change range can be achieved, and high efficiency is achieved in both the high-power mode and the low-power mode.

Description

Traveling wave tube amplifier, power boost system, base station and related methods Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electromagnetic wave power enhancement equipment, and in particular to a traveling wave tube amplifier, a power enhancement system, a base station and related methods. Background Art

[0002] Power amplifiers are essential modules in wireless communication systems, and their performance directly determines the performance of electromagnetic wave transmitters. Therefore, to meet the high efficiency and high power requirements of 5G millimeter-wave communications, developing broadband, high-performance electromagnetic wave power amplifiers is crucial. For example, in millimeter-wave base station applications, the use of millimeter-wave traveling-wave tube amplifiers (TWTAs) can significantly improve the base station's equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIRP), thereby reducing the number of base stations and saving deployment costs. To achieve ultra-high system speeds and high frequency utilization, millimeter-wave communication systems typically use broadband, high-order modulated signals, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signals with bandwidths up to 400MHz / 800MHz and modulation schemes such as 16QAM / 64QAM / 256QAM. This results in signals with very high peak-to-average power ratios (PARs). To achieve linear amplification of these signals, TWTAs must operate within the power back-off region. Therefore, TWTAs must possess both broadband and high output power characteristics and high back-off efficiency.

[0003] However, to meet the needs of high-speed and wide-coverage millimeter-wave communication systems, millimeter-wave transceivers typically need to support both power-boost mode (i.e., high-power mode) and normal power mode (i.e., low-power mode). In actual system operation, some users are located in the center of the cell, so part of the system operates in normal mode (i.e., low-power mode), while another part needs to operate in power-boost mode to ensure normal communication for users at the cell edge. Therefore, the traveling wave tube amplifier (TWTA) integrated in the system must also support both high-power and low-power operating modes to accommodate the needs of different scenarios. Furthermore, efficiency is a key technical indicator of a traveling wave tube amplifier (TWTA), directly determining the system's power consumption. Therefore, the TWTA must be highly efficient regardless of whether it is operating in high-power or low-power mode.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a traveling wave tube amplifier, a power boosting system, a base station, and related methods. Through a multi-electron beam structure, a power boosting function with a large power variation range can be achieved. High efficiency can be achieved in both high-power and low-power modes without increasing the size of the traveling wave tube, effectively controlling the product size from increasing significantly.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a traveling wave tube amplifier, comprising a plurality of transmitting components, wherein the plurality of transmitting components are all arranged at the same end of the traveling wave tube amplifier;

[0007] The traveling wave tube amplifier comprises a plurality of power connection circuits, the plurality of power connection circuits being electrically connected to the plurality of transmitting components in a one-to-one correspondence, the power connection circuits being used to drive the transmitting components to emit electron beams, so that the traveling wave tube amplifier operates in at least a first operating state or a second operating state;

[0008] In a first working state, a portion of the plurality of emission components emits electron beams;

[0009] In the second operating state, another portion of the multiple transmitting assemblies emit electron beams, or all of the multiple transmitting assemblies emit electron beams. This application proposes a traveling wave tube amplifier with a power boost mode. This multi-electron beam structure not only achieves a power boost function with a large power range, but also maintains high efficiency in both high-power and low-power modes without increasing the size of the traveling wave tube, effectively preventing a significant increase in product size.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the emission component includes a cathode and a first anode, the cathode is used to emit the electron beam, and the first anode is used to accelerate the electron beam. The electron beam is emitted through the cathode and accelerated by the potential difference between the cathode and the first anode.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the emission assembly further includes a focusing electrode, located between the cathode and the first anode. The focusing electrode has a focusing channel through which the electron beam emitted by the cathode passes. The focusing channel is used to constrain the cross-sectional shape of the electron beam, and the first anode is used to accelerate the electron beam. The focusing electrode can generate a certain magnetic field, which constrains the shape of the electron beam, focusing and compressing it.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the emission assembly further includes a second anode, wherein the acceleration channel of the first anode and the acceleration channel of the second anode intersect, and the second anode is used to accelerate the electron beam emitted by the cathode. The second anode can ensure that the voltage required for the electron beam to interact with different slow-wave structure channels is consistent and constant.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the emitting component has a focusing channel and an accelerating channel, the cross-section of the focusing channel is rectangular, trapezoidal, elliptical or circular, and / or the cross-section of the accelerating channel is rectangular, trapezoidal, elliptical or circular; the electron beam emitted by the emitting component is in the shape of a strip, an elliptical column or a cylinder.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the traveling wave tube amplifier further includes a slow-wave structure, the electron beam enters the slow-wave structure, and the slow-wave structure is used to interact with the electron beam to increase the power of the electromagnetic wave.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the slow-wave structure includes a slow-wave circuit, which extends in a corrugated shape and has an overall planar strip-like structure. The multiple electron beams are located on one side of the plane containing the slow-wave circuit or distributed on both sides of the plane containing the slow-wave circuit. A single slow-wave circuit can interact with two electron beams simultaneously. By using a long strip-like slow-wave circuit with two electron beams located on the upper and lower sides of the planar strip-like slow-wave circuit, the volume of the traveling wave tube amplifier can be effectively reduced while increasing the number of electron beams, preventing a significant increase in the volume of the traveling wave tube amplifier due to an increase in the number of electron beams.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the central axis of the electron beam is parallel to the plane where the slow-wave circuit is located, so as to prevent the electron beam from contacting the slow-wave circuit during transmission at the side of the slow-wave circuit.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the slow-wave structure further includes a shell, a connector is provided on the inner wall of the shell, and the slow-wave circuit is fixed in the shell through the connector to form a relatively fixed integral structure of the shell, the connector and the slow-wave circuit.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the traveling wave tube amplifier further includes a lumped attenuator, located between the slow-wave circuit and the inner wall of the housing, and fixed to the inner wall of the housing. The lumped attenuator can prevent parasitic oscillations within the traveling wave tube amplifier. Reflected waves at the lumped attenuator are absorbed by the lumped attenuator, effectively eliminating feedback and preventing oscillation in the traveling wave tube amplifier.

[0019] In one possible implementation, at least some of the multiple electron beams have different vertical distances from the slow-wave circuit. When the output electron beam power is the same, different degrees of power enhancement are achieved by different spacings between the electron beam and the slow-wave circuit.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the traveling wave tube amplifier further includes a collector, which is located on a side of the slow-wave structure from which the electron beam is emitted, and is configured to collect the electron beam.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the traveling wave tube amplifier further includes a magnetic focusing system, comprising a periodic permanent magnet focusing system and / or a uniform magnetic focusing system. The magnetic field generated by the magnetic focusing system can constrain the shape of the electron beam traveling within the housing, allowing it to smoothly pass through the slow-wave structure and generate effective beam-wave interaction between the electron beam and the electromagnetic field. The magnetic focusing system maintains the electron beam in a desired shape, allowing it to smoothly pass through the slow-wave circuit and effectively interact with the electromagnetic field.

[0022] In one possible implementation, at least some of the multiple electron beams have different cross-sectional areas. When the output electron beam power is the same, different degrees of power enhancement are achieved by different electron beam cross-sectional areas.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present application provides an electron beam emission control method, applicable to any of the above-described traveling wave tube amplifiers, comprising: determining an operating mode of the traveling wave tube amplifier, the operating mode including a first operating mode and a second operating mode; in the first operating mode, a power connection circuit in the traveling wave tube amplifier drives a portion of a plurality of transmitting components to emit electron beams; in the second operating mode, the power connection circuit drives another portion of the plurality of transmitting components to emit electron beams, or the power connection circuit drives all of the plurality of transmitting components to emit electron beams. The present application controls the emission of electron beams in the traveling wave tube amplifier to control the traveling wave tube amplifier to emit different numbers of electron beams, thereby enabling the traveling wave tube amplifier to operate in different power enhancement modes.

[0024] In a third aspect, the present application provides a power enhancement system, comprising any of the traveling wave tube amplifiers described above.

[0025] One possible implementation further includes a power module and a control module. The traveling wave tube amplifier includes multiple transmitting components configured to emit electron beams. The control module is communicatively coupled to the power module, which is electrically coupled to each of the multiple transmitting components. The control module is configured to control the power module to supply power to at least some of the multiple transmitting components. This implementation utilizes the coordinated cooperation of the power module and the control module to control the operating mode of the traveling wave tube amplifier. This eliminates the need to modify the control structure of the traveling wave tube amplifier. The traveling wave tube amplifier only needs to switch between different operating modes based on the power supply method of the power module, adapting to various application environments.

[0026] In one possible implementation, the power boost system further includes a baseband, an intermediate frequency (IF) module, and an antenna, wherein the baseband, IF module, traveling wave tube amplifier, and antenna are sequentially connected. The control module includes a control circuit, which is communicatively connected to the baseband. The baseband is configured to control the power module to supply power to the electron gun via the control circuit. The power boost system described in this implementation can be switched into different operating modes as needed to increase the power of electromagnetic waves to varying degrees, suitable for signal coverage across different ranges.

[0027] In one possible implementation, there are multiple intermediate radio frequency modules and multiple traveling wave tube amplifiers, multiple intermediate radio frequency modules and multiple traveling wave tube amplifiers are connected one-to-one, and the power supply module and multiple traveling wave tube amplifiers are electrically connected. This implementation provides a multi-channel integrated power enhancement system that can meet system application scenarios such as high-speed wireless access and interaural integration. The multi-channel power enhancement system mainly includes multiple analog channels, each analog channel includes at least one intermediate radio frequency module and one traveling wave tube amplifier, and all analog channels share a control module and a power supply module. In addition, the output end of the multi-channel traveling wave tube amplifier is connected to a tunable antenna, which can realize the transmission of multi-stream data and greatly improve the capacity of the system.

[0028] In a possible implementation, the antenna includes a tunable antenna, and the tunable antenna is used to transmit the multi-path electromagnetic wave signals amplified by the traveling wave tube amplifier.

[0029] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a base station comprising the power enhancement system described in any one of the above items.

[0030] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a control method for controlling any of the aforementioned power boosting systems, comprising: determining an operating mode of the power boosting system, determining which of the multiple transmitting components to enable based on the operating mode, and controlling a power supply module to supply power to the transmitting components to enable. The present application controls the number of electron beams emitted by a transmitting component by controlling whether the power supply module supplies power to the transmitting component.

[0031] In one possible implementation, there are multiple working modes, and the electromagnetic wave powers output in different working modes are different. In different working environments, the power enhancement system can output electromagnetic waves of different powers to cover signals in a wider area.

[0032] In a sixth aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, comprising at least one processor coupled to at least one memory: the at least one processor is configured to execute a computer program or instruction stored in the at least one memory so that the device performs any of the methods described above.

[0033] In a seventh aspect, the present application provides a readable storage medium for storing instructions, which, when executed, enables any of the methods described above to be implemented.

[0034] In an eighth aspect, the present application provides a chip system, comprising:

[0035] a communication interface for inputting and / or outputting information;

[0036] The processor is used to execute a computer program so that a device equipped with the chip system executes any of the control methods described above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application will be described below.

[0038] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a traveling wave tube amplifier provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] FIG2 is a side view of a traveling wave tube amplifier provided in an embodiment of the present application in a first working state;

[0040] FIG3 is a side view of a traveling wave tube amplifier provided in an embodiment of the present application in a second working state;

[0041] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a traveling wave tube amplifier in a low power mode provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a traveling wave tube amplifier in a high power mode provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG6 is a performance comparison diagram of a traveling wave tube amplifier provided in an embodiment of the present application operating in a low power mode and a high power mode;

[0044] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a traveling wave tube amplifier emitting four electron beams provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a traveling wave tube amplifier emitting an electron beam according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a traveling wave tube amplifier emitting three electron beams provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the slow-wave structure of the traveling wave tube amplifier provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 11 is an enlarged view of point I in Figure 10;

[0049] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic focusing system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a slow-wave circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electron gun provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of an electron beam with a trapezoidal cross-section provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] FIG16 is a schematic diagram of an electron beam with an elliptical cross-section provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] FIG17 is a schematic structural diagram of an electron gun including a second anode provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] FIG18 is a schematic diagram of different distances between an electron beam and a slow-wave circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] FIG19 is a schematic diagram of different cross-sectional views of electron injection provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] FIG20 is a schematic diagram of a power enhancement system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] FIG21 is a schematic diagram of a single-channel power enhancement system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] FIG22 is a schematic diagram of a multi-channel power enhancement system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] FIG23 is a schematic diagram of scenarios of different working modes of the power boost system provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] The embodiments of the present application are described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0062] For ease of understanding, the English abbreviations and related technical terms involved in the embodiments of this application are explained and described below.

[0063] It should be clear that the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0064] The terms used in the embodiments of the present application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present application. The singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0065] It should be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein is simply a term used to describe the existence of three possible relationships between related objects. For example, "A and / or B" can represent the existence of A alone, the existence of both A and B, and the existence of B alone. Furthermore, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0066] The word "if," as used herein, may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining" or "in response to detecting," depending on the context. Similarly, the phrases "if it is determined" or "if (stated condition or event) is detected" may be interpreted as "when it is determined" or "in response to the determination" or "when detecting (stated condition or event)" or "in response to detecting (stated condition or event)," depending on the context.

[0067] To meet the ultra-high-capacity transmission needs of communication systems, the existing 3GPP standard has expanded the operating frequency band of 5G communication systems to 40 GHz. This frequency band will continue to expand as communication systems develop. Currently, millimeter-wave transmitters that combine wide bandwidth and high linearity offer significant advantages for high-capacity millimeter-wave wireless communication systems. Unlike traditional low-frequency communication systems, high transmission path loss (especially in non-line-of-sight conditions) limits the application of millimeter waves for mobile access and backhaul applications. Therefore, high-efficiency high-power transmitters are key to current and future millimeter-wave wireless communication systems.

[0068] As an indispensable millimeter-wave amplifier in wireless communication systems, traveling wave tube amplifiers (TWTs) are one of the most commonly used amplifiers. TWTs are electron tubes that amplify ultrahigh-frequency electromagnetic waves (microwaves) by utilizing the continuous interaction between electron currents and electromagnetic waves traveling along a slow-wave structure. To improve power amplifier efficiency, the input power is often backed off by 6-10 decibels from the 1dB compression point (equivalent to the critical point between the amplifier's linear and nonlinear regions), operating at a level far below the 1dB compression point. This moves the amplifier away from saturation and into its linear operating region, thereby improving its third-order intermodulation coefficient (3OCI). This is often referred to as power back-off. Generally, a 1dB reduction in fundamental power results in a 2dB improvement in 3OCI. Power back-off is simple and easy to implement, requiring no additional equipment. It is an effective method for improving amplifier linearity, but its disadvantage is a significant reduction in efficiency. Furthermore, when power back-off reaches a certain level, when the 3OCI falls below -50dBc (relative power), further back-off will no longer improve amplifier linearity. Therefore, in situations where high linearity requirements are required, relying solely on power back-off will not be able to meet the high linearity requirements.

[0069] To meet the needs of high-speed and wide-coverage millimeter-wave communication systems, as shown in Figure 23, the power amplifier integrated in the system generally needs to support both a power boost mode (i.e., high-power mode) and a normal power mode (i.e., low-power mode). For power amplifiers that currently meet the requirements of high-power mode operation, if they need to operate in low-power mode, the input power of the power amplifier needs to be reduced to meet the requirements of low-power mode. However, as the input power decreases, the power back-off degree increases, and the operating efficiency of the power amplifier also decreases significantly, which does not meet the high efficiency requirements of the power amplifier operating in both high-power and low-power modes.

[0070] The present application provides a traveling wave tube amplifier for amplifying electromagnetic waves. Referring to Figures 1 and 14, the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 includes multiple emitting components 111 and a slow-wave structure 120. Each emitting component 111 independently emits a beam of electrons, and multiple emitting components 111 can be integrated into one electron gun 110, or each electron gun 110 is provided with one emitting component 111. The traveling wave tube amplifier 100 includes multiple electron guns 110, and the multiple electron guns 110 are arranged side by side to emit multiple electron beams. In this embodiment, referring to Figure 1, taking the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 as an example of including only one electron gun 110, multiple emitting components 111 are provided in the electron gun 110.

[0071] The electron gun 110 is capable of emitting multiple (at least two) electron beams 150, and the multiple electron beams 150 emitted by the electron gun 110 are independent of each other. The multiple electron beams 150 described in this application are independent of each other, which means that the electron gun 110 can independently emit any one of the multiple electron beams 150, or emit a portion of the multiple electron beams 150, or emit all of the multiple electron beams 150, and the emission state of each electron beam 150 in the multiple electron beams 150 is independent of each other.

[0072] Specifically, the multiple electron beams 150 emitted by the electron gun 110 are independent of each other when emitted, but when the multiple electron beams 150 enter the slow-wave structure 120, they will simultaneously interact with the electromagnetic field generated in the slow-wave structure 120 to synergistically increase the power of the electromagnetic waves flowing through.

[0073] Specifically, the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 includes multiple power circuits, which are electrically connected to the transmitting component 111 in a one-to-one correspondence. The power circuits are used to drive the transmitting component 111 to emit electron beams, so that the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 works in at least the first working state or the second working state.

[0074] Among them, the power connection circuit can be connected to an external power supply. For example, there are two transmitting components 111 described in this embodiment, which are electrically connected to the power supply through a first power connection circuit and a second power connection circuit respectively. When the power supply circuit supplies power to the first power connection circuit, one of the transmitting components 111 emits an electron beam 150; when the power supply circuit supplies power to the second power connection circuit, the other transmitting component 111 emits an electron beam 150; when the power supply circuit supplies power to the first power connection circuit and the second power connection circuit at the same time, both transmitting components 111 emit electron beams.

[0075] Specifically, the first working state corresponds to a low power mode, and the second working state corresponds to a high power mode.

[0076] In the first operating state, a portion of the plurality of emitting components 111 emit electron beams; in the second operating state, another portion of the plurality of emitting components 111 emit electron beams, or all of the plurality of emitting components 111 emit electron beams. In the first and second operating states, completely different emitting components 111 may emit electron beams, or some emitting components 111 may emit electron beams 150 in both the first and second operating states. The emitting components 111 that emit electron beams 150 in the first and second operating states are not completely the same, so that the operating power of the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 in the first and second operating states is different.

[0077] Specifically, this embodiment uses two electron beams 150 as an example. Two emission assemblies 111 are provided within an electron gun 110. The multiple electron beams 150 include a first electron beam 151 and a second electron beam 152, which are arranged side by side relative to each other. In this embodiment, the first electron beam 151 and the second electron beam 152 are separated from each other and do not touch each other along their paths. In this application, the first electron beam 151 and the second electron beam 152 can be parallel to each other.

[0078] Specifically, the first electron beam 151 and the second electron beam 152 can both interact with the slow-wave structure 120, and the electromagnetic waves pass through the action space between the electron beam 150 and the slow-wave structure 120. The traveling wave fields in the electron beam 150 and the slow-wave structure 120 continue to interact with each other in the action space to increase the power of the electromagnetic waves.

[0079] In the first working state, as shown in FIG2 , the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 only emits the first electron beam 151 , and the second electron beam 152 is not emitted;

[0080] In the second working state, as shown in FIG. 3 , the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 emits a first electron beam 151 and a second electron beam 152 simultaneously.

[0081] Specifically, the emission assembly 111 for emitting the first electron beam 151 and the emission assembly 111 for emitting the second electron beam 152 are both part of the emission module of the electron gun 110. The input voltages of the power supplies corresponding to the emission assembly 111 and the emission assembly 111 can be the same or different. In other words, the operating powers of the first electron beam 151 and the second electron beam 152 can be the same or different. When the operating powers of the first electron beam 151 and the second electron beam 152 are different, in the second operating state, the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 can also emit only the second electron beam 152.

[0082] In the first working state, the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 only emits the first electron beam 151; in the second working state, the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 can simultaneously emit the first electron beam 151 and the second electron beam 152, so that the power amplification degree of the electromagnetic wave by the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 in the second working state is greater than the power amplification degree of the electromagnetic wave by the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 in the first working state.

[0083] When the traveling wave tube amplifier described in this embodiment needs to operate in a low-power mode, it operates in a first operating state, where only the first electron beam 151 interacts with the slow-wave structure to increase the power of the electromagnetic field. The input power of the first electron beam 151 matches the low-power mode (normal operating mode) of the traveling wave tube amplifier. When it needs to operate in a high-power mode, the traveling wave tube amplifier operates in a second operating state, where both the first electron beam 151 and the second electron beam 152 interact with the slow-wave structure to increase the power of the electromagnetic wave. Furthermore, the operating power of the traveling wave tube amplifier in the second operating state is greater than that in the first operating state, thereby increasing the degree of electromagnetic wave amplification. The traveling wave tube amplifier in the second operating state matches the high-power mode, while the traveling wave tube amplifier in the first operating state matches the low-power mode.

[0084] For a traveling wave tube amplifier (TWT) that only emits a single electron beam, if the TWT amplifier needs to operate in high-power mode, the single electron beam emitted by the TWT amplifier must meet the power requirements of high-power mode. This significantly boosts the power of the input electromagnetic wave in high-power mode and ensures signal coverage over longer distances. Therefore, when the TWT amplifier needs to operate in low-power mode, the power of the single electron beam emitted by the TWT amplifier must be significantly reduced to meet the power requirements of low-power mode. However, this causes the TWT amplifier to enter a deep power backoff region. Due to the excessive power backoff, the TWT amplifier's operating efficiency in low-power mode is significantly reduced, resulting in high power consumption in communication systems such as the TWT amplifier.

[0085] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 according to this embodiment operating in low-power mode. In low-power mode, only a first electron beam 151 is emitted. The first electron beam 151 interacts with the high-frequency electromagnetic field within the slow-wave circuit 122. FIG4 shows that the first electron beam 151 is well clustered at the rear end of the slow-wave circuit 122, indicating that the first electron beam 151 and the slow-wave circuit 122 achieve beam-wave interaction, complete energy exchange, and generate electromagnetic radiation.

[0086] A schematic diagram of the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 according to this embodiment operating in high-power mode is shown in FIG5 . In high-power mode, the first electron beam 151 and the second electron beam 152 are emitted simultaneously, and both electron beams interact with the slow-wave structure 122. As shown in FIG5 , at the rear end of the slow-wave circuit 122, the first electron beam 151 and the second electron beam 152 are well clustered and interact with the slow-wave circuit 122, completing energy exchange and thereby generating stronger electromagnetic radiation.

[0087] Specifically, referring to FIG6 , a performance comparison of the traveling wave tube amplifier operating in low-power mode and high-power mode is shown in FIG6 . In FIG6 , the horizontal axis represents input power and the vertical axis represents output power. As can be seen from FIG6 , under the condition of equal input power, the output power in the high-power mode is greater than the output power in the low-power mode, thereby achieving the regulation of the output power by controlling the opening and closing of the first electron beam 151 and the second electron beam 152 of the electron gun 110.

[0088] In the traveling wave tube amplifier described in the present application, the electron gun 110 emits at least two electron beams 150, namely a first electron beam 151 and a second electron beam 152, and the first electron beam 151 and the second electron beam 152 are emitted independently of each other. The operating power of the first electron beam 151 and the second electron beam 152 matches the high-power mode of the traveling wave tube amplifier. When the traveling wave tube amplifier needs to operate in the high-power mode, the electron gun 110 simultaneously emits the first electron beam 151 and the second electron beam 152. The first electron beam 151 and the second electron beam 152 simultaneously interact with the electromagnetic field generated by the slow-wave structure to significantly enhance the power of the electromagnetic wave in the high-power mode. The power of the first electron beam 151 during operation matches the low-power mode of the traveling wave tube amplifier. When the traveling wave tube amplifier needs to operate in the low-power mode, the electron gun 110 only emits the first electron beam 151 and does not emit the second electron beam 152, thereby meeting the requirements of the low-power mode. At this time, the emission of the second electron beam 152 is directly turned off, and the emitted first electron beam 151 is at the operating power. There is no significant power fallback, and the operating power of the traveling wave tube amplifier is reduced, but the operating efficiency of the traveling wave tube amplifier is not significantly reduced and remains at a high level.

[0089] This application proposes a traveling wave tube structure with a power enhancement mode. It adopts a multi-electron beam structure. On the one hand, it can realize the power enhancement function with a large power variation range. On the other hand, it can have high efficiency in both high power and low power modes without increasing the size of the traveling wave tube, effectively controlling the product size from increasing to a large extent.

[0090] From a product implementation perspective, the aforementioned technical solution can be well integrated with multi-channel, multi-beam, high-power base station systems or wireless backhaul systems, enabling the product to achieve a power-boosting mode. Furthermore, due to its high efficiency and high power advantages, it can significantly enhance product advantages. From the perspective of current technological evolution, with the deep integration of semiconductor and vacuum technologies, multi-channel integrated power-boosting traveling wave tubes are also becoming the direction of this technology's gradual evolution. This implementation is well-suited for a variety of multi-channel systems.

[0091] In a possible implementation, the power connection line may also be a data transmission line, and the power connection line is externally connected to the control module to transmit the control electrical signal sent by the control module.

[0092] A control switch can be integrated inside the transmitting component 111, and each transmitting component 111 corresponds to a switch. The power supply always supplies power to the two transmitting components 111. The power connection line receives the control signal sent by the control module to drive the opening and closing action of the switch. The opening and closing action of the switch controls whether the power supply current is transmitted to the transmitting component 111, so as to control the transmitting component 111 to emit electron beam 150.

[0093] Alternatively, within a traveling wave tube amplifier, the power supply continuously supplies power to all transmitting components 111, and all transmitting components 111 continuously emit electron beams 150 when powered. A mechanism for collecting electron beams 150 is provided within the traveling wave tube amplifier. This mechanism is located along the path of the electron beams 150 and at the front end of the slow-wave structure 120. For example, in a traveling wave tube amplifier having two transmitting components 111, in low-power mode, the control module sends a first control signal to the power connection. When the first control signal reaches the collection mechanism, the collection mechanism collects and intercepts the electron beam 150 emitted by one of the transmitting components 111. Only one of the two electron beams 150 emitted by the two transmitting components 111 enters the slow-wave structure 120 for power amplification. In high-power mode, the control module sends a second control signal to the power connection. When the second control signal reaches the collection mechanism, the collection mechanism shuts down and does not collect or intercept the electron beams 150. Both electron beams 150 enter the slow-wave structure 120 for power amplification.

[0094] In the present application, the power circuit capable of driving the emission component 111 to emit an electron beam 150 means that the power circuit can drive the emission component 111 to emit the electron beam 150 to an area outside the emission component 111, for example, to emit the electron beam 150 to a structure such as the slow-wave structure 120. In one possible embodiment, referring to FIG14 , the electron gun 110 includes a first emission component 1111 and a second emission component 1112. The first emission component 1111 is used to emit the first electron beam 151, and the second emission component 1112 is used to emit the second electron beam 152. The first emission component 1111 and the second emission component 1112 have different power supply input voltages. The power supply input voltage corresponding to the second emission component 1112 is greater than the power supply input voltage corresponding to the first emission component 1111. The operating power of the second electron beam 152 is greater than the operating power of the first electron beam 151. The second electron beam 152 interacts with the slow-wave structure to increase the degree of increase in electromagnetic wave power, which is greater than the degree of increase in electromagnetic wave power caused by the interaction between the first electron beam 151 and the slow-wave structure.

[0095] Specifically, the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 includes the following two working modes: low power mode and high power mode. The traveling wave tube amplifier presents a first working state when working in the low power mode, and presents a second working state when working in the high power mode.

[0096] In the first working state, the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 only emits the first electron beam 151 , and the second electron beam 152 is not emitted.

[0097] In the second working state, the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 only emits the second electron beam 152 , and the first electron beam 151 is not emitted.

[0098] When the traveling wave tube amplifier described in this embodiment needs to operate in low-power mode, it operates in a first operating state, where only the first electron beam 151 interacts with the slow-wave structure to increase the power of the electromagnetic field. The input power of the first electron beam 151 matches the traveling wave tube amplifier's low-power mode (normal operating mode). When it needs to operate in high-power mode, the traveling wave tube amplifier operates in a second operating state, where the second electron beam 152 interacts with the slow-wave structure to increase the power of the electromagnetic wave. Furthermore, the operating power of the traveling wave tube amplifier in the second operating state is greater than that in the first operating state, thereby increasing the degree of electromagnetic wave amplification. The traveling wave tube amplifier in the second operating state matches the high-power mode, while the traveling wave tube amplifier in the first operating state matches the low-power mode.

[0099] In the TWT amplifier described in this embodiment, the input power of first electron beam 151 matches the TWT amplifier's low-power mode, and the input power of second electron beam 152 matches the TWT amplifier's high-power mode. Neither first electron beam 151 nor second electron beam 152 requires significant power backoff during operation. The TWT amplifier does not experience significant power backoff when operating in either high-power or low-power mode, and its operating efficiency remains high without significant degradation.

[0100] The traveling wave tube amplifier described in this embodiment can also emit the first electron beam 151 and the second electron beam 152 simultaneously. In this case, the operating power of the traveling wave tube amplifier is higher, and the degree of increase in the electromagnetic wave power is greater.

[0101] In one possible embodiment, as shown in FIG7 , the number of electron beams 150 emitted by the electron gun 110 may be greater than two. For example, the electron gun 110 may emit four electron beams 150 , namely a first electron beam 151 , a second electron beam 152 , a third electron beam 153 , and a fourth electron beam 154 . The operating powers of the four electron beams 150 may be the same or different.

[0102] The traveling wave tube amplifier 100 includes two operating modes, namely a low power mode and a high power mode. The traveling wave tube amplifier presents a first operating state when operating in the low power mode, and presents a second operating state when operating in the high power mode.

[0103] In the first working state, as shown in FIG8 , the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 may emit only one of the electron beams, such as the first electron beam 151 , while the other three electron beams are not emitted.

[0104] In the second working state, as shown in FIG7 , the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 can emit four electron beams simultaneously;

[0105] Among them, the operating power of the first electron beam 151 matches the low-power mode of the traveling wave tube amplifier; when the four electron beams are emitted at the same time, the traveling wave tube amplifier matches the requirements of the high-power mode, and when the four electron beams interact with the slow-wave structure, the electromagnetic waves are amplified to a higher degree, and the electromagnetic waves are amplified to a greater extent.

[0106] Specifically, when the electron gun 110 emits multiple electron beams 150, different combinations can be used to achieve different operating powers of the traveling wave tube amplifier. The traveling wave tube amplifier has multiple operating modes, and different operating modes amplify electromagnetic waves to different degrees.

[0107] For example, the traveling wave tube amplifier also includes multiple other operating states. For example, in the third operating state, as shown in FIG9 , the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 simultaneously emits a second electron beam 152, a third electron beam 153, and a fourth electron beam 154. In this state, the power amplification of the electromagnetic wave is greater than that in the first operating state, but less than that in the second operating state.

[0108] As mentioned above, the traveling wave tube amplifier also includes other operating states, emitting different combinations of electron beams. The operating powers of the four electron beams can be the same or different. When different electron beams emit different powers, and when different beams are combined, they operate at different powers, creating a variety of operating modes to achieve varying degrees of electromagnetic wave amplification.

[0109] In one possible embodiment, as shown in Figures 10-13 , the slow-wave structure 120 includes a housing 121 and a slow-wave circuit 122. The housing 121 is a box-shaped structure having a hollow cavity 123. In this embodiment, the housing 121 is a rectangular box. Specifically, to facilitate visualization of the internal structure of the slow-wave mechanism 120, the end of the housing 121 distal from the electron gun 110 is not shown in Figure 10 . In actual products, the end of the housing 121 distal from the electron gun 110 is a closed structure, or a collector is connected at the rear end. When the traveling wave tube amplifier is operating, the housing 121 seals the slow-wave circuit 122 within the hollow cavity 123, and the hollow cavity 123 is evacuated. In this embodiment, the housing 121 can be made of a highly conductive metal.

[0110] The slow-wave circuit 122 is arranged in the hollow cavity 123 of the shell 121, wherein the slow-wave circuit 122 can be spiral, strip-shaped or other shapes. In this embodiment, the strip-shaped slow-wave circuit 122 is taken as an example. Referring to Figures 1, 9, 10 and 13, the slow-wave circuit 122 bends back and forth and extends in a corrugated shape along the length direction of the shell 121. The slow-wave circuit 122 presents a planar strip-shaped structure as a whole.

[0111] Specifically, when the slow-wave circuit 122 has a strip-shaped structure, the first electron beam 151 and the second electron beam 152 can be located at the upper side or lower side of the slow-wave circuit 122 at the same time, or they can be located at the upper and lower sides of the slow-wave circuit 122 respectively. As shown in Figure 11, this embodiment takes the case where the first electron beam 151 and the second electron beam 152 are located at the upper and lower sides of the slow-wave circuit 122 respectively as an example.

[0112] In the traveling wave tube amplifier described in this embodiment, one slow-wave circuit 122 can interact with two electron beams 150 simultaneously. The slow-wave circuit 122 has a long strip structure, and the electron gun 110 emits two electron beams, a first electron beam 151 and a second electron beam 152. The first electron beam 151 and the second electron beam 152 are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the planar strip slow-wave circuit 122. This can effectively reduce the volume of the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 while increasing the number of electron beams, and the volume of the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 will not increase significantly due to the increase in the number of electron beams.

[0113] Due to the planar structure of the slow-wave structure 122, semiconductor processing can be used to process the slow-wave structure 122. Therefore, the present invention has advantages such as small size and a wide power adjustment range. In low-power mode, it still has the same high efficiency advantage as the original single electron beam traveling wave tube, effectively solving the technical problems of low efficiency and large size in the existing technology, and can also achieve large-scale processing at low cost.

[0114] In one possible embodiment, as shown in FIG11 , the slow-wave structure 120 further includes a connector 124. Specifically, the connector 124 can be a connecting rod or a connecting plate. In this embodiment, a clamping rod is used as an example. Two clamping rods clamp the slow-wave circuit 122 within the housing 121. One side of the connector 124 is fixedly connected to a side plate of the housing 121, and the other side of the connector 124 is fixedly connected to a side edge of the slow-wave circuit 122. Specifically, there are two connectors 124, which respectively fix the two side edges of the slow-wave circuit 122 and the inner walls of the two side plates of the housing 121. The two connectors 124 clamp and fix the slow-wave circuit 122 within the housing 121. The slow-wave circuit 122 is suspended in the air, and the electron beam 150 can pass through both sides of the slow-wave circuit 122.

[0115] Among them, the shell 121 can be made of a metal material, and can be made of a metal with high conductivity, such as oxygen-free copper or stainless steel. The slow-wave circuit 122 is made of a metal conductive material. The connector 124 can be made of materials such as aluminum oxide, boron nitride or beryllium oxide. Metallization treatment is first performed on the two side surfaces of the connector 124 connecting the slow-wave circuit 122 and the inner wall of the shell 121, such as by gluing or other fixing methods. Metal plates are fixed on the two side surfaces of the connector 124, and then the shell 121 and the connector 124 are fixedly connected by welding, and the connector 124 and the slow-wave circuit 122 are fixedly connected by welding.

[0116] Specifically, after the two connectors 124 clamp and secure the slow-wave circuit 122, the slow-wave circuit 122 can be parallel to the top and bottom plates of the housing 121. In this structure, the first electron beam 151 and the second electron beam 152 emitted by the electron gun 110 are located on the upper and lower sides of the planar strip-shaped slow-wave circuit 122, respectively.

[0117] In one possible implementation, referring to FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 , the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 described in this implementation further includes a magnetic focusing system 170 , and the magnetic focusing system 170 includes a periodic permanent magnet focusing system and / or a uniform magnetic focusing system.

[0118] After exiting the electron gun 110, the electron beam 150 must pass through the elongated slow-wave circuit 122. To ensure sufficient energy exchange during the interaction between the electron beam 150 and the slow-wave circuit 122, the electron beam 150 must be kept as close to the slow-wave circuit 122 as possible, preventing it from deviating. The electrons in the electron beam 150 are negatively charged, and these negatively charged electrons repel each other, causing the electron beam 150 to gradually diverge and collide with the slow-wave circuit 122. This hinders the interaction between the electron beam 150 and the high-frequency electromagnetic field. Furthermore, the collision between the electron beam 150 and the slow-wave line generates a large amount of heat, which can easily cause thermal runaway and, in severe cases, burn the slow-wave line.

[0119] The magnetic field generated by magnetic focusing system 170 constrains the shape of electron beam 150 within housing 121, allowing it to smoothly pass through slow-wave structure 120 and generate effective beam-wave interaction between electron beam 150 and the electromagnetic field. Magnetic focusing system 170 maintains the desired shape of electron beam 150, allowing it to smoothly pass through slow-wave circuit 122 and effectively interact with the electromagnetic field.

[0120] A uniform magnetic focusing system can be a magnet structure with a uniformly distributed magnetic field, and can be either a permanent magnet or an electromagnetic structure. Specifically, the slow-wave circuit is located in a uniform magnetic field. Furthermore, the electron gun 110 can also be located in a uniform magnetic field, aligning the movement of the electron beam 150 with the magnetic field lines. For a uniform magnetic focusing system, a stronger magnetic field results in better focusing and greater focusing stability.

[0121] Periodic permanent magnetic focusing can be achieved by combining a series of magnetic lenses with alternating positive and negative polarity. The lens parameters are selected so that the focusing force of the periodic magnetic field, after averaging, can offset the divergent force of the electron beam's space charge. There are two types of periodic permanent magnetic focusing: radial field focusing (magnetic rings are magnetized radially) and axial field focusing (magnetic rings are magnetized axially). Periodic permanent magnetic focusing is relatively lightweight and suitable for slender systems, particularly for slender electron beams.

[0122] Specifically, referring to FIG10 , the magnetic focusing system 170 includes a first magnetic focusing body 171 and a second magnetic focusing body 172 , which are located on either side of the slow-wave structure 120. Specifically, the first magnetic focusing body 171 is located on the upper side of the slow-wave structure 120, and the second magnetic focusing body 172 is located on the lower side of the slow-wave structure 120, with the slow-wave structure 120 located between the first magnetic focusing body 171 and the second magnetic focusing body 172.

[0123] The first magnetic focusing body 171 and the second magnetic focusing body 172 each include a plurality of magnetic focusing pieces 173 , which are sequentially spaced apart along the length direction of the slow-wave mechanism 120 to form the magnetic focusing system 170 described in this embodiment.

[0124] In one possible implementation, referring to FIG11 , the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 described in this implementation further includes a centralized attenuator 180 , which is located between the slow-wave circuit 122 and the inner wall of the housing 121 , and is fixed to the inner wall of the housing 121 .

[0125] When the impedance match between the input electromagnetic wave and slow-wave circuit 121 is poor, a certain degree of electromagnetic wave reflection occurs. This reflected electromagnetic wave gradually causes feedback, leading to parasitic oscillations within the traveling wave tube amplifier 100. The lumped attenuator, constructed from a lossy coating or lossy ceramic disc, prevents parasitic oscillations within the traveling wave tube amplifier 100. At the lumped attenuator 180, the reflected wave is absorbed by the lumped attenuator 180, effectively eliminating feedback and preventing oscillations within the traveling wave tube amplifier 100.

[0126] In a possible implementation, as shown in FIG. 12 , the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 described in this implementation further includes a collector 160 . The collector 160 is located on a side of the slow-wave mechanism 120 from which the electron beam 150 is emitted.

[0127] As shown in Figure 12 , electron gun 110 is located at the left end of traveling wave tube amplifier 100, slow-wave structure 120 is located in the middle section of traveling wave tube amplifier 100, and collector 160 is located to the right of slow-wave structure 120. Electron gun 110 emits an electron beam 150 to the right. Slow-wave structure 120 also includes an electromagnetic wave input window 125 and an electromagnetic wave output window 126. Electromagnetic wave input signals enter slow-wave structure 120 through electromagnetic wave input window 125. Within slow-wave structure 120, electron beam 150, slow-wave circuit 122, and electromagnetic waves interact, and the amplified electromagnetic waves are output through electromagnetic wave output window 126. Electron beam 150 passes through slow-wave structure 120 from left to right and is emitted on the right side of slow-wave structure 120. The emitted electron beam 150 is collected by collector 160.

[0128] In one possible embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 and 14 , the present application provides a specific embodiment of an electron gun 110. Specifically, the electron gun 110 includes a gun housing 116, the shape of which is not limited. In this embodiment, the gun housing 116 is square-box-shaped. The shape of the housing 121 of the slow-wave structure 120 can match or be different from the shape of the gun housing 116. The gun housing 116 and the housing 121 are sealed together.

[0129] A plurality of emission components 111 are disposed in the gun housing 116. The gun housing 116 has a hollow cavity, and the emission components 111 are located in the hollow cavity. The plurality of emission components 111 are disposed side by side in the gun housing 116, and the electron beams 150 emitted by the emission components 111 are parallel.

[0130] Specifically, this embodiment takes two transmitting components 111 as an example. The two transmitting components 111 are arranged with a certain gap between the two transmitting components 111, so that after emitting two electron beams 150, the two electron beams 150 can be located on the upper and lower sides of the planar strip slow wave circuit 122.

[0131] The emission assembly 111 includes a cathode 112 and a first anode 113. When energized, cathode 112 can emit an electron beam 150. First anode 113 is located to the right of cathode 112. When energized, a potential difference is generated between first anode 113 and cathode 112, accelerating electron beam 150. Furthermore, by adjusting the supply voltage of first anode 113, the magnitude of the potential difference between first anode 113 and cathode 112 can be adjusted to adjust the speed of electron beam 150. In this embodiment, cathode 112 can be a hot cathode, a cold cathode, a plasma cathode, a virtual cathode, or a photocathode, selected based on actual needs.

[0132] Specifically, the transmitting assembly 111 also includes a focusing electrode 114, which is located between the cathode 112 and the first anode 113. For the traveling wave tube amplifier 100, it is necessary to constrain the shape of the electron beam 150 to be columnar. Otherwise, the electron beam 150 will diverge and collide with the first anode 113. Electrons traveling in the electron beam 150 will be absorbed by the first anode 113, resulting in a certain degree of loss in the electron beam 150. The focusing electrode 114 can generate a certain magnetic field, which constrains the shape of the electron beam 150, focusing and compressing it.

[0133] Specifically, the focusing electrode 114 has a focusing channel 1141. The electron beam 150 emitted by the cathode 112 passes through the focusing channel 1141, and the focusing channel 1141 constrains the cross-sectional shape of the electron beam 150. FIG. 14 shows a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the electron gun 110, which only illustrates the longitudinal cross-sectional view of the focusing electrode 114. The focusing electrode 114 is generally cylindrical in structure, and may be a circular cylinder, an elliptical cylinder, or a cylindrical cylinder. The focusing channel 1141 is a through-channel within the cylindrical focusing electrode 114. The electron beam 150 passes through the focusing channel 1141. The focusing channel 1141 is located circumferentially outside the electron beam 150 to constrain the shape of the electron beam 150.

[0134] Specifically, an acceleration channel 1131 is defined inside the first anode 113 . The acceleration channel 1131 is a through-channel of the cylindrical first anode 113 . The electron beam 150 passes through the acceleration channel 1131 and is emitted from the electron gun 110 in a beam shape.

[0135] Specifically, the cross section of the focusing channel 1141 can be rectangular, trapezoidal, elliptical, circular or other regular or irregular structures, so that the cross section of the electron beam 150 passing through the focusing channel 1141 is a square, trapezoidal, elliptical or circular shape.

[0136] Specifically, the cross-section of the acceleration channel 1131 can be a rectangular, trapezoidal, elliptical or circular shape or other regular or irregular structure, so that the cross-section of the electron beam 150 passing through the acceleration channel 1131 is a square, trapezoidal, elliptical or circular shape, and the electron beam 150 as a whole is strip-shaped, elliptical or cylindrical.

[0137] The shapes of the focusing channel 1141 and the accelerating channel 1131 can be the same or different. When the focusing channel 1141 and the accelerating channel 1131 have the same shape, the focusing channel 1141 and the accelerating channel 1131 jointly constrain the shape of the electron beam 150. For example, if the cross-sections of the focusing channel 1141 and the accelerating channel 1131 are both rectangular, the cross-section of the electron beam 150 emitted from the focusing channel 1141 and the accelerating channel 1131 is rectangular, and the electron beam 150 as a whole has a ribbon-like shape (flat ribbon shape). If the cross-sections of the focusing channel 1141 and the accelerating channel 1131 are both trapezoidal, the cross-section of the electron beam 150 emitted from the focusing channel 1141 and the accelerating channel 1131 has a trapezoidal shape. As shown in FIG. 15 , the upper and lower bases of the trapezoid are longer than the waist, resulting in the electron beam 150 also having a ribbon-like shape (flat ribbon shape) as a whole. 16 , when the cross sections of the focusing channel 1141 and the accelerating channel 1131 are both elliptical, the cross sections of the electron beam 150 emitted from the focusing channel 1141 and the accelerating channel 1131 are elliptical, and the electron beam 150 is elliptical in shape as a whole.

[0138] It should be noted that the strip structure described in the present application refers to the overall shape of the electron beam 150 and the slow-wave circuit 122, which has two nearly parallel surfaces, such as the upper side surface and the lower side surface are parallel to each other (when the upper side surface and the lower side surface are both planes, the two planes are parallel; when the upper side surface and the lower side surface are both arc surfaces, the curvature of the arc surface is small and approximates to a plane), and the widths of the upper side surface and the lower side surface are similar, and the thickness between the upper side surface and the lower side surface is small relative to the width of the upper side surface, presenting a flat strip structure.

[0139] Specifically, the shapes of the focusing channel 1141 and the accelerating channel 1131 can also differ, with the focusing channel 1141 primarily constraining the shape of the electron beam 150. For example, if the cross-section of the focusing channel 1141 is elliptical, the electron beam 150 emitted from the focusing channel 1141 will have an elliptical cross-section; while the cross-section of the accelerating channel 1131 is rectangular, while the accelerating channel 1131 also affects the cross-sectional shape of the electron beam 150, the shape is not significantly altered. The cross-sectional shape of the electron beam 150 will exhibit an intermediate state between an elliptical and a rectangular shape, while still presenting an overall ribbon-like structure.

[0140] In this embodiment, the electron beam 150 emitted by the electron gun 110 is strip-shaped, and the strip-shaped electron beam 150 can be parallel to the planar strip-shaped slow-wave circuit 122 .

[0141] This embodiment uses two emitting assemblies 111 as an example. Referring to FIG. 14 , emitting assemblies 111 include a first emitting assembly 1111 and a second emitting assembly 1112. The first emitting assembly 1111 and the second emitting assembly 1112 have identical structures and are arranged side by side. The first emitting assembly 1111 is configured to emit a first electron beam 151, while the second emitting assembly is configured to emit a second electron beam 152. The electron gun 110 described in this embodiment can achieve power enhancement without increasing the volume or hardware complexity of the traveling wave tube amplifier 100, or with minimal increase in volume. Furthermore, because the second emitting assembly 1112 has a greater degree of freedom in adjusting the current, the power adjustment range of the traveling wave tube amplifier is increased.

[0142] In one possible embodiment, referring to FIG. 17 , the emission assembly 111 described in this embodiment further includes a second anode 115 , and the acceleration channel of the first anode 113 and the acceleration channel of the second anode 115 are interconnected. After the electron beam 150 is ejected from the acceleration channel of the first anode 113 , it enters the acceleration channel of the second anode 115 .

[0143] Specifically, the second anode 115 can be located on the side of the first anode 113 facing away from the cathode 112. Under the control of the control module, the first anode 113 can enable and disable the emission of the electron beam 150. The emission current can also be regulated by adjusting the supply voltage of the first anode 113, thereby adjusting the operating power of the electron beam 150 and enabling the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 to amplify the electromagnetic wave to varying degrees of power. Referring to FIG. 17 , when it is necessary to emit a first electron beam 151, power can be supplied to the first anode 113 in the upper emission assembly 111, causing the upper emission assembly 111 to emit the first electron beam 151. When it is necessary to emit a second electron beam 152, power can be supplied to the first anode 113 in the lower emission assembly 111, causing the lower emission assembly 111 to emit the second electron beam 152.

[0144] Second anode 115 ensures consistent and constant voltage when electron beam 150 interacts with different channels of slow-wave structure 120. When electron gun 110 is operating, first anode 113 in emission assembly 111 that needs to emit electron beam 150 is always on. First anode 113 can also be used to adjust the power of electron beam 150 emitted by its corresponding cathode 112.

[0145] This embodiment utilizes multiple anodes, such as first anode 113 and second anode 115, to facilitate the formation of electron beam 150, prevent backflow or back bombardment of electron beam 150, and provide more flexible adjustment of electron beam 150. When a 10 kV electron beam 150 is required, second anode 115 can maintain 10 kV, while first anode 113 can be adjusted to 8-9 kV, providing more flexible adjustment.

[0146] In a possible implementation, the electron gun 110 may emit multiple electron beams 150 , and at least some of the multiple electron beams 150 have different vertical distances from the slow-wave circuit 122 , which may be completely different or partially different.

[0147] In this embodiment, as shown in FIG18 , multiple electron beams 150 include a first electron beam 151 and a second electron beam 152. The first electron beam 151 is located above the slow-wave circuit 122, while the second electron beam 152 is located below the slow-wave circuit 122. The first electron beam 151 is located at a distance L1 from the slow-wave circuit 122, while the second electron beam 152 is located at a distance L2 from the slow-wave circuit 122. Distance L1 is smaller than distance L2, and the first electron beam 151 is closer to the slow-wave circuit 122 than the second electron beam 152.

[0148] In this embodiment, the second electron beam 152 is located further away from the slow-wave circuit 122 than the first electron beam 151. This reduces the interception rate of the second electron beam 152 by the energized circuit of the slow-wave circuit 122. A certain tolerance can exist between the first electron beam 151 and the second electron beam 152, eliminating the need for the first electron beam 151 and the second electron beam 152 to be at the same distance from the planar slow-wave circuit 122. This reduces the difficulty of assembling the electron gun 110. The closer the electron beam 150 is to the planar slow-wave circuit 122, the more complete the energy conversion between the electron beam 150 and the slow-wave circuit 122, and the greater the radiated power. This embodiment also controls the output power of the electromagnetic wave by controlling the distance between the electron beam 150 and the planar slow-wave circuit 122.

[0149] In a possible implementation, the electron gun 110 may emit multiple electron beams 150 , and cross-sectional areas of at least some of the multiple electron beams 150 are different, and may be completely different or partially different.

[0150] In this embodiment, as shown in FIG19 , multiple electron beams 150 include a first electron beam 151 and a second electron beam 152. The first electron beam 151 is located above the slow-wave circuit 122, while the second electron beam 152 is located below the slow-wave circuit 122. The cross-sectional area of ​​the first electron beam 151 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second electron beam 152.

[0151] Different cross-sectional areas of the first electron beam 151 and the second electron beam 152 can generate different currents. The larger the cross-sectional area of ​​the electron beam 150, the greater the power generated. The total power generated by the second electron beam 152 is less than the power generated by the first electron beam 151.

[0152] In this embodiment, by setting the cross-sectional areas of the first electron beam 151 and the second electron beam 152 to be different, the powers of the first electron beam 151 and the second electron beam 152 can be different, thereby forming three working modes: emitting only the first electron beam 151, emitting only the second electron beam 152, and emitting the first electron beam 151 and the second electron beam 152 at the same time.

[0153] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the cross-sectional areas of the first electron beam 151 and the second electron beam 152 can be selected based on the actual usage scenario of the traveling wave tube amplifier 100. When a higher radiated power is required in the high-power mode, an electron gun 110 capable of emitting a second electron beam 152 with a larger cross-sectional area is selected; when a lower radiated power is required in the high-power mode, an electron gun 110 capable of emitting a second electron beam 152 with a smaller cross-sectional area is selected. When a higher radiated power is required in the low-power mode, an electron gun 110 capable of emitting a first electron beam 151 with a larger cross-sectional area is selected; when a lower radiated power is required in the low-power mode, an electron gun 110 capable of emitting a first electron beam 151 with a smaller cross-sectional area is selected.

[0154] The present application also provides an electron beam emission control method, which is applied to the traveling wave tube amplifier described in any of the above embodiments, specifically comprising:

[0155] determining an operating mode of the traveling wave tube amplifier; specifically, the operating mode of the traveling wave tube amplifier may be calculated based on the electromagnetic wave input signal power and the target output power, or may be determined by obtaining an externally transmitted mode signal or mode instruction, the operating mode including a first operating mode (low power mode) and a second operating mode (high power mode);

[0156] In the first operating mode, the power connection circuit in the traveling wave tube amplifier drives a portion of the multiple transmitting components 111 to emit electron beams 150. These electron beams 150 can enter the slow-wave structure 120 to interact with each other to enhance the power of the electromagnetic wave signal. In the first operating mode, the traveling wave tube amplifier operates in the first operating state.

[0157] In the second working mode, the power circuit drives another part of the multiple transmitting components 111 to emit electron beams 150, or the power circuit drives all of the multiple transmitting components 111 to emit electron beams 150. The electron beams 150 emitted in this mode enter the slow-wave structure 120 to interact with each other to enhance the power of the electromagnetic wave signal, and the degree of power increase in the second working mode is greater than the degree of power increase in the first working mode.

[0158] This application controls the emission of electron beams in a traveling wave tube amplifier to control the amplifier to emit different numbers of electron beams, thereby enabling the traveling wave tube amplifier to operate in different power boost modes. This application also provides a power boost system, including the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 described in any of the above embodiments. The power boost system can be applied to base stations for radio frequency, microwave, millimeter wave, and terahertz waves (THz), as well as to wireless communication system application scenarios such as satellite payloads for the above electromagnetic waves.

[0159] The power boosting system can receive electromagnetic wave input signals and perform digital-to-analog conversion and other processing on the input signals. The traveling wave tube amplifier 100 can determine whether to operate in a high-power mode or a low-power mode according to the coverage area of ​​the wireless communication system, and amplify the electromagnetic waves in the corresponding power mode, thereby achieving high working efficiency.

[0160] Specifically, referring to FIG. 20 , the power boost system further includes a power module 200 and a control module 300. The power module 200 and the control module 300 are electrically connected, and the power module 200 can supply power to the control module 300. Furthermore, the power module 200 and the control module 300 are communicatively connected, and the control module 300 can control whether the power module 200 supplies power externally.

[0161] The traveling wave tube amplifier 100 includes an electron gun 110 capable of emitting multiple electron beams 150. This embodiment uses the emission of two electron beams 150 as an example. The electron gun 110 includes a first emission component 1111 and a second emission component 1112. The first emission component 1111 is configured to emit the first electron beam 151, and the second emission component 1112 is configured to emit the second electron beam 152.

[0162] When the power boost system needs to operate in low-power mode, the control module 300 generates a corresponding control signal and sends it to the power module 200. Under the control instructions corresponding to the control signal, the power module 200 only supplies power to the first transmitting component 1111, and not to the second transmitting component 1112. In this case, the first transmitting component 1111 only emits the first electron beam 151, while the second transmitting component 1112 does not emit the second electron beam 152. The traveling wave tube amplifier 100 only contains the first electron beam 151 and the slow-wave line 122 interacting to amplify the electromagnetic wave at a relatively low power.

[0163] When the power boost system needs to operate in high-power mode, the control module 300 generates a corresponding control signal. The control signal corresponds to a control instruction that controls the power supply module 200 to simultaneously supply power to the first transmitting component 1111 and the second transmitting component 1112. In high-power mode, the first transmitting component 1111 emits a first electron beam 151, and the second transmitting component 1112 emits a second electron beam 152. The first electron beam 151 and the second electron beam 152 simultaneously interact with the slow-wave line 122 to amplify the electromagnetic wave at a relatively high power. The operating power of the electromagnetic wave after amplification in high-power mode is greater than the operating power after amplification in low-power mode.

[0164] Specifically, the power boost system is provided with buttons for low power mode and high power mode. When the button corresponding to the low power mode is closed, the control module 300 generates a corresponding control signal, and the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 emits the first electron beam 151. When the button corresponding to the high power mode is closed, the control module 300 generates a corresponding control signal, or generates a corresponding control signal and a corresponding control signal, and the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 simultaneously emits the first electron beam 151 and the second electron beam 152.

[0165] This embodiment controls the operating mode of the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 through the coordinated cooperation of the power module 200 and the control module 300. This eliminates the need to modify the control structure of the traveling wave tube amplifier 100. The traveling wave tube amplifier 100 only needs to switch between different operating modes based on the power supply method of the power module 200, adapting to various application environments. Specifically, the power module 200 can be electrically connected to the first anodes 113 of each of the multiple transmitting assemblies 111 to control whether the transmitting assemblies 111 emit electron beams 150 by controlling whether the first anodes 113 are energized.

[0166] In one possible implementation, as shown in FIG21 , the power boost system described in this implementation further includes a baseband 400, an intermediate frequency (IF) module 500, and an antenna 600. The baseband 400, IF module 500, traveling wave tube amplifier 100, and antenna 600 are sequentially connected. The power boost system described in this implementation uses a single-channel system architecture as an example, primarily addressing applications such as point-to-point (P2P) or point-to-multipoint (P2MP) backhaul.

[0167] The baseband module 400 is used to receive an electromagnetic wave input signal, process its encoding and predistortion, and send the processed electromagnetic wave signal to the intermediate frequency (RF) module 500. The intermediate frequency (RF) module 500 can perform digital-to-analog conversion on the baseband phase signal, implement frequency conversion, amplification, and filtering on the electromagnetic wave signal, and output a constant envelope phase modulated RF signal that meets the requirements of the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 under saturation operation.

[0168] The electromagnetic wave input signal passes through the baseband 400, the intermediate frequency module 500, and the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 for power amplification. The amplified electromagnetic wave is then transmitted to other communication devices via the antenna 600. Furthermore, the power boosting system can switch to different operating modes as needed to increase the power of the electromagnetic wave to varying degrees, suitable for different signal coverage ranges.

[0169] In one possible implementation, the control module 300 may include a control circuit, which is communicatively connected to the baseband 400; specifically, the control circuit may be communicatively connected to the chip in the baseband 400, and the chip in the baseband 400 may generate a control signal for the electron gun 110 according to system requirements, and control the power module 200 to supply power to the electron gun 110 through the control circuit.

[0170] Among them, when the power enhancement system needs to work in low power mode, the chip of the baseband 400 receives a start signal of the low power mode, and at the same time, the chip of the baseband 400 generates a corresponding control signal, and controls the power module 200 through the control circuit according to the control signal to only supply power to the first transmitting component 1111, and the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 only emits the first electron beam 151, thereby realizing the power enhancement system amplifying the electromagnetic wave power in the low power mode.

[0171] When the power enhancement system needs to work in high power mode, the chip of the baseband 400 receives a start signal of the high power mode, and at the same time, the chip of the baseband 400 generates a corresponding control signal, and controls the power supply module 200 through the control circuit according to the control signal to simultaneously supply power to the first transmitting component 1111 and the second transmitting component 1112, and the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 simultaneously emits the first electron beam 151 and the second electron beam 152, thereby realizing the power enhancement system amplifying the electromagnetic wave power in high power mode.

[0172] In one possible implementation, as shown in FIG22 , the power boost system described in this embodiment includes multiple intermediate RF modules 500 and multiple traveling wave tube amplifiers 100. Multiple intermediate RF modules 500 are connected to multiple traveling wave tube amplifiers 100 in a one-to-one manner, with one intermediate RF module 500 connected to one traveling wave tube amplifier 100. The three-dot pattern in FIG22 indicates that the power boost system may also include analog paths in which other sets of intermediate RF modules 500 and traveling wave tube amplifiers 100 are connected in series.

[0173] The power supply module 200 is electrically connected to multiple TWT amplifiers 100, capable of independently supplying power to each TWT amplifier 100 and controlling the operation of the TWT amplifier 100 by switching the power supply on and off. Furthermore, the power supply module 200 is electrically connected to multiple transmitting components 111 in each TWT amplifier 100, and controls whether the TWT amplifier 100 operates in low-power mode or high-power mode by switching the power supply on and off.

[0174] This embodiment provides a multi-channel integrated power boost system that can meet system application scenarios such as high-speed wireless access and interaural integration. The multi-channel power boost system primarily includes multiple analog channels, each of which contains at least one intermediate frequency (IF) module and one traveling wave tube amplifier (TWTA). All analog channels share a control module 300 and power module 200. Furthermore, the outputs of the multiple TWTA amplifiers are connected to a tunable antenna, enabling multi-stream data transmission and significantly increasing system capacity.

[0175] This embodiment further provides a base station, including the power boosting system described in any of the above embodiments. The base station can be used for signal transmission of electromagnetic waves such as radio frequency, microwave, millimeter wave and terahertz wave (THz).

[0176] This embodiment also provides a power enhancement system control method for controlling any of the power enhancement systems described above. The power enhancement system includes a traveling wave tube amplifier 100, a power module 200, and a control module 300. The electron gun 110 of the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 includes multiple transmitting components 111. The control module 300 is communicatively connected to the power module 200, and the power module 200 is electrically connected to the multiple transmitting components 111 respectively.

[0177] The method comprises:

[0178] Determining an operating mode of the power boosting system. Specifically, the operating mode of the power boosting system can be calculated based on the electromagnetic wave input signal power and the target output power, or the operating mode can be determined by obtaining an externally sent mode signal or mode instruction. The operating mode is exemplified by a high power mode and a low power mode.

[0179] Determine the transmitting components that need to be turned on among the multiple transmitting components 111 according to the determined working mode; for example, when the low power mode is required, only the first transmitting component 1111 among the multiple transmitting components 111 needs to be turned on; when the high power mode is required, both the first transmitting component 1111 and the second transmitting component 1112 among the multiple transmitting components 111 need to be turned on;

[0180] After determining the transmitting component 111 that needs to be turned on, the control module 300 controls the power module 200 to supply power to the transmitting component that needs to be turned on, so that the traveling wave tube amplifier 100 emits the corresponding electron beam 150 to meet the power enhancement of the electromagnetic wave in the current working mode.

[0181] Specifically, there are multiple working modes, and the power of the electromagnetic waves output in different working modes is different. For example, the power of the electromagnetic waves output in the high power mode is greater than the power of the electromagnetic waves output in the low power mode.

[0182] The present application also provides an electronic device, which includes at least one processor, and the at least one processor is coupled to at least one memory: the at least one processor is used to execute a computer program or instruction stored in the at least one memory, so that the electronic device executes the method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0183] The present application also provides a readable storage medium for storing instructions, which, when executed, enables the method described in any one of the above embodiments to be implemented.

[0184] The present application also provides a chip system, comprising: a communication interface for inputting and / or outputting information; a processor for executing a computer program so that a device equipped with the chip system executes a control method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0185] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0186] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned embodiments and will not be repeated here. In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods can be implemented in other ways.

[0187] In the above embodiments, the control method can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function described in this application is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via a wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) method. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (e.g., a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., a solid-state drive).

[0188] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A traveling wave tube amplifier, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of transmitting components, and the plurality of transmitting components are all arranged at the same end of the traveling wave tube amplifier; The traveling wave tube amplifier comprises a plurality of power connection circuits, the plurality of power connection circuits being electrically connected to the plurality of transmitting components in a one-to-one correspondence, the power connection circuits being used to drive the transmitting components to emit electron beams, so that the traveling wave tube amplifier operates in at least a first operating state or a second operating state; In a first working state, a portion of the plurality of emission components emits electron beams; In the second working state, another part of the plurality of emitting components emit electron beams, or all of the plurality of emitting components emit electron beams.

2. The traveling wave tube amplifier according to claim 1, wherein: The emission assembly includes a cathode and a first anode, wherein the cathode is used to emit the electron beam and the first anode is used to accelerate the electron beam.

3. The traveling wave tube amplifier according to claim 2, characterized in that: The emission assembly also includes a focusing electrode, which is located between the cathode and the first anode. The focusing electrode has a focusing channel, and the electron beam emitted by the cathode passes through the focusing channel. The focusing channel is used to constrain the cross-sectional shape of the electron beam. The first anode is used to accelerate the electron beam.

4. The traveling wave tube amplifier according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The emission assembly further includes a second anode. The acceleration channel of the first anode and the acceleration channel of the second anode are interconnected. The second anode is used to accelerate the electron beam emitted by the cathode.

5. The traveling wave tube amplifier according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The emission assembly comprises a focusing channel and an accelerating channel, wherein the cross section of the focusing channel is rectangular, trapezoidal, elliptical or circular, and / or the cross section of the accelerating channel is rectangular, trapezoidal, elliptical or circular; The electron beam emitted by the emission component is in the shape of a strip, an elliptical column or a cylinder.

6. The traveling wave tube amplifier according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The traveling wave tube amplifier further includes a slow-wave structure, the electron beam enters the slow-wave structure, and the slow-wave structure is used to interact with the electron beam to increase the power of the electromagnetic wave.

7. The traveling wave tube amplifier according to claim 6, characterized in that: The slow-wave structure includes a slow-wave circuit, which extends in a corrugated shape and has a planar strip structure as a whole. The multiple electron beams are located on one side of the plane where the slow-wave circuit is located or distributed on both sides of the plane where the slow-wave circuit is located.

8. The traveling wave tube amplifier according to claim 7, characterized in that: The central axis of the electron beam is parallel to the plane where the slow-wave circuit is located.

9. The traveling wave tube amplifier according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The slow-wave structure further includes a shell, an inner wall of which is provided with a connector, and the slow-wave circuit is fixed in the shell via the connector.

10. The traveling wave tube amplifier according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that: The traveling wave tube amplifier further includes a concentrated attenuator, which is located between the slow-wave circuit and the inner wall of the housing and is fixed on the inner wall of the housing.

11. The traveling wave tube amplifier according to any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that: At least some of the electron beams in the multiple electron beams have different vertical distances from the slow-wave circuit.

12. The traveling wave tube amplifier according to any one of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that: The traveling wave tube amplifier further includes a collector, which is located on a side of the slow-wave structure from which the electron beam is emitted, and is used to collect the electron beam.

13. The traveling wave tube amplifier according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The traveling wave tube amplifier further includes a magnetic focusing system, which includes a periodic permanent magnet focusing system and / or a uniform magnetic focusing system.

14. The traveling wave tube amplifier according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that: At least some of the electron beams in the plurality of electron beams have different cross-sectional areas.

15. An electron beam emission control method, applied to the traveling wave tube amplifier according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: include: Determining an operating mode of the traveling wave tube amplifier, where the operating mode includes a first operating mode and a second operating mode; In the first working mode, the power circuit in the traveling wave tube amplifier drives a portion of the plurality of transmitting components to emit electron beams; In the second working mode, the power connection circuit drives another part of the plurality of emitting components to emit electron beams, or the power connection circuit drives all of the plurality of emitting components to emit electron beams.

16. A power enhancement system, characterized in that: The traveling wave tube amplifier comprises the traveling wave tube amplifier according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

17. The power enhancement system according to claim 16, wherein: The traveling wave tube amplifier further comprises a power supply module and a control module. The traveling wave tube amplifier comprises a plurality of transmitting components, and the transmitting components are used to transmit electron beams. The control module is communicatively connected to the power supply module, and the power supply module is electrically connected to the plurality of transmitting components respectively. The control module is used to control the power supply module to supply power to at least part of the plurality of transmitting components.

18. The power enhancement system according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that: The power boost system further includes a baseband, an intermediate radio frequency module and an antenna, wherein the baseband, the intermediate radio frequency module, the traveling wave tube amplifier and the antenna are connected in sequence; The control module includes a control circuit, which is communicatively connected to the baseband. The baseband is used to control the power supply module to supply power to the electron gun through the control circuit.

19. The power enhancement system according to claim 18, wherein: There are multiple intermediate radio frequency modules and multiple traveling wave tube amplifiers, and the multiple intermediate radio frequency modules are connected to the multiple traveling wave tube amplifiers in a one-to-one manner. The power supply module is electrically connected to the multiple traveling wave tube amplifiers.

20. The power enhancement system according to any one of claims 16 to 19, characterized in that: The antenna comprises a tunable antenna, and the tunable antenna is used to transmit the multi-path electromagnetic wave signals amplified by the traveling wave tube amplifier.

21. A base station, characterized in that: The power enhancement system comprises any one of claims 16 to 20.

22. A control method for controlling the power boost system according to any one of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that: include: Determine the working mode of the power enhancement system, determine the transmitting components that need to be turned on among the multiple transmitting components according to the working mode, and control the power supply module to supply power to the transmitting components that need to be turned on.

23. The control method according to claim 22, characterized in that: There are multiple working modes, and the power of the electromagnetic waves outputted in different working modes is different.

24. An electronic device, characterized in that: The device includes at least one processor coupled to at least one memory: the at least one processor is configured to execute a computer program or instruction stored in the at least one memory, so that the device performs the method according to any one of claims 15, 22 and 23.

25. A readable storage medium, characterized in that Used to store instructions, which, when executed, enable the method according to any one of claims 15, 22 and 23 to be implemented.

26. A chip system, characterized in that: include: a communication interface for inputting and / or outputting information; A processor, configured to execute a computer program so that a device equipped with the chip system executes the control method as described in any one of claims 15, 22 and 23.

Images