Application of amide compound in prevention and treatment of ampullaria gigas

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of pest control, and discloses application of an amide compound in control of ampullaria gigas. The amide compound is 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-N-{4-[9-(4-{[(4-chlorophenoxy) acetyl] amino} phenyl)-9H-fluorene-9-yl] phenyl} acetamide, the amide compound is used as an active component to prepare the attractant, and the attractant has a remarkable killing effect on ampullaria gigas. Tests show that when the usage amount of the amide compound is 4 mg, the usage amount of the cream essence is 4 g and the usage amount of the allicin is 2 g, the attractant can attract the ampullaria gigas to eat to the maximum extent and play a killing role. The dosage of the amide compound is small, the preparation method of the attractant is simple, the raw material cost is low, and the attractant is suitable for actual field production and use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of pest control, and in particular relates to application of an amide compound in controlling Pomacea canaliculata. Background Art

[0002] Pomacea canaliculata, also known as Applesnail and Golden applesnail, belongs to the phylum Mollusca, class Gastropoda, order Mesogastropoda, family Pomacea, genus Pomacea, and is an amphibious freshwater mollusk native to the Amazon River Basin in South America. Pomacea canaliculata is dioecious, with large individuals and complete spiral shells; the shells are yellow-brown and smooth; the body is right-handed, the shells are nearly disc-shaped, and the body whorls are swollen; the umbilicus is large and deep; the female shell is thin, the outer lip is straight or slightly curved, and the periphery of the operculum is flat; the male shell is thickened, the outer lip is tilted outward, the middle of the outer edge of the operculum is slightly raised, and the upper and lower edges are concave toward the soft part.

[0003] Golden apple snails are aquatic animals with a wide and varied diet, mainly feeding on plants. Rice (Oryza sativa) is the main crop that golden apple snails harm, mainly by gnawing on seedlings and tillering seedlings, resulting in a decrease in the number of tillers and insufficient effective panicles, which can cause a 90% reduction in rice production. In addition to harming rice, golden apple snails also harm other aquatic crops. Studies have shown that golden apple snails can feed on common crops such as wild rice stem (Zizania latifolia), lotus root (Nelumbo nucifera) and arrowhead (Sagittaria pygmaea); golden apple snails like to eat water chestnut (Euryale ferox), water caltrop (Trapabis pinosa), water chestnut (Eleocharis dulcis) and other aquatic crops in humid habitats. In lotus fields, golden apple snails like to eat the tender parts of lotus leaves and flower buds that have just emerged from the water. They can also nibble on lotus leaves floating on the water surface from the bottom, causing holes in the leaves. Golden apple snails can also nibble on the lotus stalks at the base of the lotus pod under the water, causing the gnawed parts to break, and then leading to the death of the entire plant.

[0004] Golden Apple Snails like to live in slow-flowing areas or still water, such as ponds, rivers, lakes, ditches, etc. Their growth environment requires sufficient water sources and suitable water temperatures, and the most suitable water temperature for growth is 22-28°C. In actual production activities, Golden Apple Snails are widely distributed in waters and are good at hiding. The traditional prevention and control method of applying pesticides requires a high dosage of pesticides, which is easy to cause environmental pollution and cause Golden Apple Snails to develop drug resistance. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to reduce the environmental pollution caused by killing golden apple snails with chemical agents and avoid the occurrence and development of drug-resistant golden apple snails, the agent for killing golden apple snails is added to the attractant that can attract the golden apple snails to feed, and the golden apple snails are killed after feeding, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing and controlling golden apple snails. To this end, the present invention provides the following technical solution.

[0006] Firstly, the present invention provides an application of an amide compound in preventing and treating Pomacea canaliculata, wherein the amide compound is: 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-N-{4-[9-(4-{[(4-chlorophenoxy)acetyl]amino}phenyl)-9H-fluoren-9-yl]phenyl}acetamide.

[0007] Furthermore, in the above application, the amide compound is used as an active ingredient to prepare an attractant to attract the golden apple snail to feed.

[0008] Based on the above application, the present invention provides an attractant for killing Pomacea canaliculata snails on the other hand, wherein the active ingredient of the attractant is the above amide compound.

[0009] Furthermore, in the attractant, the components of the attractant also include: cereal flour, fish meal, glucose, crop leaves, adhesive, and odorant. The cereal flour is selected from: one or more of millet flour, rice flour, and corn flour. The crop leaves are selected from: one or more of cabbage leaves, cabbage leaves, and rice leaves. The adhesive is selected from: one or more of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, agar powder, and starch dextrin. The odorant is selected from: one or two of allicin and cream flavor.

[0010] Furthermore, the attractant comprises, by mass, 60 to 80 parts of cereal flour, 3 to 6 parts of fish meal, 1 to 5 parts of glucose, 10 to 20 parts of crop leaves, 0.5 to 2 parts of adhesive, 4 to 20 parts of odorant, and 0.001 to 0.008 parts of amide compound.

[0011] Further, the preparation method of the attractant is:

[0012] S1. Weigh the following raw materials: by mass: 60-80 parts of cereal flour, 3-6 parts of fish meal, 1-5 parts of glucose, 10-20 parts of crop leaves, 0.5-2 parts of adhesive, 4-20 parts of odorant, and 0.001-0.008 parts of amide compound.

[0013] S2. Add 300 to 500 parts of water to the weighed raw materials and mix well into a paste to obtain a mixture.

[0014] S3. heating the mixture to complete boiling, pouring it into a mold, shaping it, cooling it, and making it into a pellet or block to obtain the attractant.

[0015] Finally, the present invention also provides a method for preventing and controlling Pomacea canaliculata, which comprises: using the above-mentioned amide compounds as active ingredients to prepare an attractant to attract the Pomacea canaliculata to feed.

[0016] Furthermore, in the above method for controlling golden apple snails, the attractant also includes: cereal flour, fish meal, glucose, crop leaves, adhesive, and odorant. The cereal flour is selected from: one or more of millet flour, rice flour, and corn flour. The crop leaves are selected from: one or more of cabbage leaves, cabbage leaves, and rice leaves. The adhesive is selected from: one or more of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, agar powder, and starch dextrin. The odorant is selected from: one or two of allicin and cream flavor.

[0017] Specifically, in the above method for controlling golden apple snails, the components of the attractant are: by mass, 60-80 parts of cereal flour, 3-6 parts of fish meal, 1-5 parts of glucose, 10-20 parts of crop leaves, 0.5-2 parts of adhesive, 4-20 parts of odorant, and 0.001-0.008 parts of amide compound.

[0018] Furthermore, in the above method for preventing and controlling Pomacea canaliculata, the attractant is prepared by:

[0019] S1. Weigh the following raw materials: by mass: 60-80 parts of cereal flour, 3-6 parts of fish meal, 1-5 parts of glucose, 10-20 parts of crop leaves, 0.5-2 parts of adhesive, 4-20 parts of odorant, and 0.001-0.008 parts of amide compound.

[0020] S2. Add 300 to 500 parts of water to the weighed raw materials and mix well into a paste to obtain a mixture.

[0021] S3. heating the mixture to complete boiling, pouring it into a mold, shaping it, cooling it, and making it into a pellet or block to obtain the attractant.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the invention "application of an amide compound in preventing and treating Pomacea canaliculata" has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The present invention adds an amide compound having the activity of killing golden apple snails to an attractant capable of attracting golden apple snails to feed, and the attractant exerts a stomach poisoning effect after the golden apple snails feed, thereby achieving the purpose of killing the golden apple snails. Specifically, when the usage amount of the amide compound is 4 mg, the corrected mortality rate of the golden apple snails can reach 90%, and the effect is good.

[0024] The attractant provided by the present invention has excellent attracting effect. Specifically, when the cream flavor is 4g and the allicin is 2g, the attracting rate can reach more than 90%.

[0025] Compared with the traditional method of directly applying pesticides to kill, the method for preventing and controlling golden apple snails provided by the present invention uses less active ingredients to kill, has less environmental pollution, and the golden apple snails are directly killed after feeding, so it is not easy for the golden apple snails to develop drug resistance. Specifically, when the usage amount of the amide compound is 4 mg, the cream flavor is 4 g, and the allicin is 2 g, the corrected mortality rate of the golden apple snails killed by the attractant reaches more than 80%.

[0026] The attractant preparation method of the present invention is simple and has low raw material cost, and is more suitable for actual production use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is the chemical structural formula of the amide compound. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention is explained below in conjunction with the embodiments, and the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] The experimental methods in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional methods, and are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the field or according to the product instructions. The materials, reagents, etc. used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, can all be obtained from commercial channels.

[0030] In the following examples, the millet flour, fish meal, and cabbage leaves were purchased from Aerospace Market in Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan Province; glucose was purchased from Tianjin Juhengda Chemical Co., Ltd.; agar powder was purchased from Nanjing Quanlong Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and allicin and butter flavor were purchased from Henan Jiahe Xuri Food Co., Ltd.

[0031] The amide compound is: 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-N-{4-[9-(4-{[(4-chlorophenoxy)acetyl]amino}phenyl)-9H-fluoren-9-yl]phenyl}acetamide, which is purchased from SPECS Company, and the chemical structure is shown in Figure 1 .

[0032] In the following embodiments, the preparation method of the Pomacea canaliculata attractant is:

[0033] S1. Weigh the raw materials according to the ratio: by mass, 60-80 parts of cereal flour, 3-6 parts of fish meal, 1-5 parts of glucose, 10-20 parts of crop leaves, 0.5-2 parts of adhesive, 4-20 parts of odorant, and 0.001-0.008 parts of amide compound.

[0034] In S1, the cereal flour is selected from one or more of millet flour, rice flour, and corn flour. The crop leaves are selected from one or more of cabbage leaves, cabbage leaves, and rice leaves. The adhesive is selected from one or more of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, agar powder, and starch dextrin. The odorant is selected from one or two of allicin and cream flavor.

[0035] In the preparation of raw materials, cereal flour and fish meal can increase the palatability of the attractant to the snails and attract them to feed. Glucose is used to provide feeding stimulation for the snails and can enhance the attractiveness of the attractant to the snails. Adhesives are used to form a stable solid form so that it can be directly spread in paddy fields. Odorants can attract snails from a long distance to feed and improve the efficiency of attracting.

[0036] S2. Add 300 to 500 parts of water to the weighed raw materials and mix well into a paste to obtain a mixture.

[0037] S3. The mixture is placed in a microwave oven and heated until completely boiling, poured into a mold to be shaped and cooled, and made into a pill or block to obtain a golden apple snail attractant.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] This embodiment describes how to obtain the optimal usage amount of the amide compound in the Pomacea canaliculata attractant.

[0040] The amide compounds were added to the raw materials in different amounts, and the killing effects of the attractants on Pomacea canaliculata were measured respectively. The specific method is as follows:

[0041] According to the raw material ratios in Table 1, prepare Pomacea canaliculata attractants A, B, C, and D respectively.

[0042] Table 1. Raw material ratio of Pomacea canaliculata attractant

[0043]

[0044] Take 50g of each of the attractants A, B, C, and D and place them in the same storage box (bottom area of ​​about 1m 2 ), water of about 5 cm in height was added to the storage box, and 50 golden apple snails of similar size and vitality were placed in each storage box (i.e., the ratio of the number of golden apple snails placed to the grams of attractant was 1:1). After 48 hours, the number of dead golden apple snails was counted, and the experiment was repeated three times, with the attractant without the amide compound as a blank control. The mortality rate and the corrected mortality rate of the test group and the control group were calculated, and the test results are shown in Table 2.

[0045] Mortality rate (%) = cumulative number of deaths / total number of experiments × 100%;

[0046] Corrected mortality rate (%) = [(mortality rate of treatment group - mortality rate of control group) / (1 - mortality rate of control group)] × 100%.

[0047] Table 2. Mortality of each group of golden snails under indoor conditions

[0048] Attractants Attractant A Attractant B Attractant C Attractant D Blank control mortality rate 12.67％ 38.00％ 91.33％ 86.00％ 5.33％ Adjusted mortality rate 7.75％ 34.51％ 90.84％ 85.21％ /

[0049] As shown in Table 2, after 48 hours of treatment, the effect of attractant C in killing golden apple snails was significantly better than that of attractant A and attractant B, and higher than that of attractant D, with the corrected mortality rate reaching more than 90%, and the killing effect was significant. Compared with the blank control, attractant A, attractant B, and attractant D all had a certain toxic effect on golden apple snails.

[0050] Based on the test results of this embodiment, it can be seen that when the usage of the amide compound is 4 mg, the corrected mortality rate of Pomacea canaliculata can reach 90%. When the usage of the amide compound is 8 mg, the corrected mortality rate will decrease slightly. The reason may be that the large dose of amide compound reduces the palatability of the attractant, and the Pomacea canaliculata eats less attractants, which in turn affects the effect of the attractant. Therefore, in practical applications, by controlling the usage of the compound in the attractant, the effective killing of Pomacea canaliculata can be achieved while reducing the usage, reducing costs, avoiding environmental pollution, and achieving the best prevention and control effect.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] This embodiment describes how to obtain the best ratio of odorants in the Pomacea canaliculata attractant.

[0053] The odorants were added to the prepared raw materials in different amounts, and the indoor attracting effects of the attractants on Pomacea canaliculata were measured respectively. The specific method is as follows:

[0054] According to the raw material ratios in Table 3, prepare Pomacea canaliculata attractants E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, and M respectively.

[0055] Table 3. Raw material ratio of Pomacea canaliculata attractant

[0056]

[0057] Take 50g of each of the attractants E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, and M and place them in the same commercially available conventional funnel-shaped trapping devices. Place the trapping devices in the same storage box (bottom area of ​​about 1m 2), water that can completely submerge the trapping device was added to the storage box (water surface height is about 30cm), and 50 golden apple snails of similar size and vitality were placed in each storage box (that is, the ratio of the number of golden apple snails placed to the grams of attractant was 1:1). After 48 hours, the number of golden apple snails in the device was counted, and the experiment was repeated three times, with the attractant without any odorant added as a blank control. The test results are shown in Table 4.

[0058] Table 4. Number of golden apple snails trapped in each device under indoor conditions

[0059]

[0060] As shown in Table 4, the attractant luring rate of the experimental group was higher than that of the blank control, and the attractant M of the golden apple snail had the best attracting effect, with an attracting rate of more than 90%, that is, when the cream flavor was 4g and the allicin was 2g, the attracting effect was the best. Allicin or cream flavor alone can attract golden apple snails to a certain extent, but the effect is not as good as the above ratio, which may be related to the complex olfactory sense and unique odor tropism of the golden apple snail.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] This example describes the preparation method of Pomacea canaliculata attractant N.

[0063] According to the optimal usage amount of the amide compound (4 mg) and the optimal usage amount of the odorant (4 g of cream flavor and 2 g of allicin), the golden apple snail attractant N was prepared:

[0064] S1. Weigh the following raw materials: 75 g millet flour, 5 g fish meal, 3 g glucose, 15 g cabbage leaves, 1 g agar powder, 4 g butter essence, 2 g allicin, and 4 mg of the amide compound.

[0065] S2. Add 400 g of water to the weighed raw materials and mix well into a paste to obtain a mixture.

[0066] S3. The mixture is placed in a microwave oven and heated until completely boiling, poured into a mold, shaped and cooled, and made into a pill to obtain the golden apple snail attractant N.

[0067] Example 4

[0068] This example describes the field test effect of the Pomacea canaliculata attractant N.

[0069] Experimental location: Rice experimental field in Huihe Village, Wenjiang District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province.

[0070] Trial time: July 2024.

[0071] Test method: Select an area of ​​about 20m 2Before the experiment, we first applied pesticides to kill the golden apple snails in the paddy field to avoid interfering with the subsequent experiments. Then, we put 50 golden apple snails with similar growth conditions and vitality into the paddy field. At this time, the density of golden apple snails in the paddy field was about 2.5 per m 2 , slightly lower than the actual density of Pomacea canaliculata in the field, can better test the killing effect of the attractant. 100g of Pomacea canaliculata attractant N was placed in the center of the test field, and the number of dead Pomacea canaliculata was counted every 12h. The test was carried out for 48h and repeated three times. The Pomacea canaliculata attractant used in the control group did not contain the amide compound, and the remaining raw material ratios and preparation methods were the same as in Example 3. The mortality rate and corrected mortality rate of the test group and the control group were calculated using the same calculation method as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 5.

[0072] Table 5. Killing effect of Pomacea canaliculata attractant N under field conditions

[0073] Attractants Attractant N Blank control mortality rate 83.33％ 5.00％ Adjusted mortality rate 82.45％ /

[0074] As shown in Table 5, after 48 hours of testing, the corrected mortality rate of the Pomacea canaliculata attractant N reached more than 80%, significantly higher than that of the blank control group. The amide compounds used together with allicin and cream flavor can significantly improve the attractant's attracting and killing effects.

[0075] In summary, the present invention uses the amide compound to kill Pomacea canaliculata through an attractant. When the usage amount of the amide compound is 4 mg, the cream flavor is 4 g, and the allicin is 2 g, the prepared Pomacea canaliculata attractant can attract Pomacea canaliculata to the greatest extent and exert a killing effect. The amide compound of the present invention has a small usage amount, is simple to prepare, and has a low raw material cost, and is suitable for actual production and use in the field.

[0076] The embodiments described above are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but only represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained without creative work and related deductions and substitutions made by ordinary technicians in the field under the conditions of the concept of the present invention belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An application of an amide compound in preventing and treating Pomacea canaliculata, characterized in that: The amide compound is: 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-N-{4-[9-(4-{[(4-chlorophenoxy)acetyl]amino}phenyl)-9H-fluoren-9-yl]phenyl}acetamide.

2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amide compounds are used as active ingredients to prepare attractants to attract golden apple snails to eat.

3. An attractant for killing golden apple snails, characterized in that: The active ingredient of the attractant is an amide compound, and the amide compound is: 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-N-{4-[9-(4-{[(4-chlorophenoxy)acetyl]amino}phenyl)-9H-fluoren-9-yl]phenyl}acetamide.

4. The attractant according to claim 3, characterized in that The attractant also includes: cereal powder, fish meal, glucose, crop leaves, adhesive, and odorant; The cereal flour is selected from: one or more of millet flour, rice flour, and corn flour; The crop leaves are selected from one or more of cabbage leaves, cabbage leaves, and rice leaves; The adhesive is selected from: one or more of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, agar powder, and starch dextrin; The odorant is selected from: one or two of allicin and butter flavor.

5. The attractant according to claim 4, characterized in that The attractant comprises, by weight, 60 to 80 parts of cereal flour, 3 to 6 parts of fish meal, 1 to 5 parts of glucose, 10 to 20 parts of crop leaves, 0.5 to 2 parts of adhesive, 4 to 20 parts of odorant, and 0.001 to 0.008 parts of amide compound.

6. The attractant according to claim 5, characterized in that The preparation method of the attractant is: S1. Weigh the following raw materials: by mass: 60-80 parts of cereal flour, 3-6 parts of fish meal, 1-5 parts of glucose, 10-20 parts of crop leaves, 0.5-2 parts of adhesive, 4-20 parts of odorant, and 0.001-0.008 parts of amide compound; S2. Add 300 to 500 parts of water to the weighed raw materials and mix well into a paste to obtain a mixture; S3. heating the mixture to complete boiling, pouring it into a mold, shaping it, cooling it, and making it into a pellet or block to obtain the attractant.

7. A method for preventing and controlling Pomacea canaliculata, characterized in that: The method comprises: using an amide compound as an active ingredient to prepare an attractant to attract the golden apple snails to feed; The amide compound is: 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-N-{4-[9-(4-{[(4-chlorophenoxy)acetyl]amino}phenyl)-9H-fluoren-9-yl]phenyl}acetamide.

8. The method for controlling Pomacea canaliculata according to claim 7, characterized in that: The attractant also includes: cereal powder, fish meal, glucose, crop leaves, adhesive, and odorant; The cereal flour is selected from: one or more of millet flour, rice flour, and corn flour; The crop leaves are selected from one or more of cabbage leaves, cabbage leaves, and rice leaves; The adhesive is selected from: one or more of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, agar powder, and starch dextrin; The odorant is selected from: one or two of allicin and butter flavor.

9. The method for controlling Pomacea canaliculata according to claim 8, characterized in that: The attractant comprises, by weight, 60 to 80 parts of cereal flour, 3 to 6 parts of fish meal, 1 to 5 parts of glucose, 10 to 20 parts of crop leaves, 0.5 to 2 parts of adhesive, 4 to 20 parts of odorant, and 0.001 to 0.008 parts of amide compound.

10. The method for controlling Pomacea canaliculata according to claim 9, characterized in that: The preparation method of the attractant is: S1. Weigh the following raw materials: by mass: 60-80 parts of cereal flour, 3-6 parts of fish meal, 1-5 parts of glucose, 10-20 parts of crop leaves, 0.5-2 parts of adhesive, 4-20 parts of odorant, and 0.001-0.008 parts of amide compound; S2. Add 300 to 500 parts of water to the weighed raw materials and mix well into a paste to obtain a mixture; S3. heating the mixture to complete boiling, pouring it into a mold, shaping it, cooling it, and making it into a pellet or block to obtain the attractant.

Images