Small automobile thermal management system based on refrigerant cooling battery motor and passenger compartment

Abstract

The invention discloses a small automobile thermal management system based on a refrigerant cooling battery motor and a passenger compartment, which belongs to the technical field of new energy small electric vehicles / thermal management, and comprises a condenser, a fan, an expansion kettle, a compressor, a stop valve, an expansion valve, an air conditioner box body, a cooler, an electronic expansion valve, a water pump and a three-way proportional valve, the motor and the battery are jointly cooled in a compressor + Chiller mode, the proportion of the three-way valve is regulated and controlled through the water inlet temperature of the battery and the motor, and energy consumption can be reduced to the maximum extent. The requirement for common cooling of the battery and the motor can be met, and minimum power consumption working output of the compressor can be guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of new energy small electric vehicles / thermal management technology, and in particular relates to a small automobile thermal management system based on refrigerant cooling of batteries, motors and passenger compartments. Background Art

[0002] With the popularization of environmental protection concepts and the promotion of scientific and technological progress, micro-electric vehicles have developed rapidly. These small, energy-saving electric vehicles have gradually become an important means of transportation for short-distance travel in modern cities. At present, micro-electric vehicles usually have a short driving range after a single charge due to the limitation of battery capacity. With the expansion of market demand for new energy vehicles and the trend of product diversification, users' requirements for the battery life of electric vehicles are also increasing. However, the battery life of many micro-electric vehicles is difficult to meet the needs of users for long-distance travel, especially in remote areas or long-term driving, frequent charging has become a huge problem. Due to the current market demand for increased battery life requirements, the demand for batteries and motors has increased, and batteries and motors basically require water cooling solutions.

[0003] Existing solutions:

[0004] ① The battery and motor are air-cooled, resulting in short battery life and limited vehicle speed.

[0005] ② The battery and passenger compartment are cooled by a compressor, and the motor system is cooled by coolant plus radiator. The front end needs a low-temperature radiator + condenser + fan. The cost is high and the vehicle weight is heavy.

[0006] like Figure 1 As shown, the implementation method of the prior art is presented using a structure diagram, a flow chart (step 1, step 2, step 3...expressed in natural language) or a functional module diagram.

[0007] ① Passenger compartment cooling: compressor (compressing refrigerant) → condenser (high temperature heat dissipation) → expansion valve TXV (adjusting pressure) → evaporator (evaporation and heat absorption).

[0008] ②Battery cooling:

[0009] 1) Refrigerant side: compressor (compresses refrigerant) → condenser (dissipates high temperature heat) → expansion valve SOV (regulates pressure) → Chiller (evaporates and absorbs coolant heat)

[0010] 2) Coolant side: water pump → battery pack → Chiller;

[0011] ③Motor system cooling: water pump → motor system → low-temperature radiator (heat dissipation) → water pump.

[0012] According to the above heat dissipation requirements, it can be seen that the battery and passenger compartment are cooled by the compressor, and the motor system is directly cooled by the radiator. The advantage of this solution is that it can reduce the work of the compressor, and the radiator can meet the heat dissipation requirements of the motor, and the compressor does not need to be cooled. However, this solution is not suitable for small pure electric vehicles, because small vehicles have small space and low unit cost. The additional radiator system occupies the layout space and increases the weight of the vehicle, making it impossible to achieve lightweight. Summary of the invention

[0013] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a small automobile thermal management system based on refrigerant cooling of battery motor and passenger compartment in view of the shortcomings of the background technology; the motor and battery are cooled by a compressor + chiller, and the ratio of the three-way valve is adjusted by the water inlet temperature of the battery and the motor, which can reduce energy consumption to the greatest extent. It can meet the cooling needs of the battery and motor together, and ensure the minimum power consumption of the compressor.

[0014] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions to solve the above technical problems:

[0015] A small automobile thermal management system based on refrigerant cooling of battery motor and passenger compartment comprises a condenser, a fan, an expansion kettle, a compressor, a stop valve and an expansion valve, an air-conditioning box, a cooler, an electronic expansion valve, a water pump and a three-way proportional valve; wherein the fan is arranged at the condenser, one end of the condenser is connected to one end of the compressor, the other end of the condenser is respectively connected to one end of the stop valve and the expansion valve, and one end of the electronic expansion valve, the other end of the compressor is respectively connected to one end of the air-conditioning box and one end of the cooler; one end of the air-conditioning box is connected to the other end of the stop valve and the expansion valve; the other end of the electronic expansion valve is connected to the other end of the cooler; the output end of the cooler is connected to one end of the expansion kettle, the other end of the expansion kettle is connected to the interface 1 of the three-way proportional valve through the water pump, the interface 3 of the three-way proportional valve is connected to the input end of the cooler, and the interface 2 of the three-way proportional valve is connected to the input end of the expansion kettle.

[0016] As a further preferred solution of the thermal management system of a small automobile based on refrigerant cooling of batteries, motors and passenger compartment of the present invention, the water inlet temperature requirement of the battery and motor is controlled by adjusting the ratio of the three-way valve to meet the cooling demand, which specifically includes three modes: passenger compartment cooling, battery cooling and motor system cooling.

[0017] As a further preferred solution of the thermal management system of a small automobile based on refrigerant cooling of the battery motor and the passenger compartment of the present invention, the mode 1, passenger compartment cooling, specifically includes the following:

[0018] The compressor cools by compressing the refrigerant → the condenser dissipates heat through high temperature → the expansion valve TXV adjusts the pressure → the evaporator absorbs heat through evaporation.

[0019] As a further preferred solution of the thermal management system of a small automobile based on refrigerant cooling of the battery motor and the passenger compartment of the present invention, the second mode, battery cooling, specifically includes the following:

[0020] 1) Refrigerant side: the compressor compresses the refrigerant → the condenser dissipates heat through high temperature → the expansion valve SOV adjusts the pressure → the chiller absorbs the coolant heat through evaporation;

[0021] 2) Coolant side: water pump → three-way valve ① and three-way valve ② → battery pack → chiller.

[0022] As a further preferred solution of the thermal management system of a small automobile based on refrigerant cooling of battery motor and passenger compartment of the present invention, the mode three, motor system cooling, specifically includes the following:

[0023] 1) Refrigerant side: the compressor compresses the refrigerant → the condenser dissipates heat through high temperature → the expansion valve SOV adjusts the pressure → the chiller absorbs the coolant heat through evaporation;

[0024] 2) Coolant side: water pump → three-way valve ① and three-way valve ③ → motor system → chiller.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the above technical solution and has the following technical effects:

[0026] 1. A small car thermal management system based on refrigerant cooling of battery motor and passenger compartment. The motor and battery are cooled by compressor + chiller. The ratio of the three-way valve is regulated by the water inlet temperature of the battery and motor to minimize energy consumption. It can meet the cooling needs of the battery and motor together and ensure the minimum power consumption of the compressor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a traditional cooling solution;

[0028] Figure 2 It is the cooling scheme of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a three-way valve of the present invention.

[0030] The specific numbers in the figure are as follows: 1-condenser; 2-fan; 3-expansion kettle; 4-compressor; 5-stop valve and expansion valve; 6-air conditioning box; 7-cooler; 8-electronic expansion valve; 9-water pump; 10-three-way proportional valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The present invention is described in detail below based on the drawings and preferred embodiments, and the purpose and effect of the present invention will become clearer. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0033] The existing scheme of the present invention:

[0034] ① The battery and motor are air-cooled, resulting in short battery life and limited vehicle speed.

[0035] ② The battery and passenger compartment are cooled by a compressor, and the motor system is cooled by coolant plus radiator. The front end needs a low-temperature radiator + condenser + fan. The cost is high and the vehicle weight is heavy.

[0036] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above disadvantages. The characteristics of the present invention are:

[0037] <1> Use a compressor AC system to cool the passenger compartment, battery and motor at the same time;

[0038] <2> Use a three-way valve to control the coolant through the battery and motor, and control the flow distribution of the three-way valve by calibration and inlet water temperature.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown in Table 1, the implementation of the prior art is presented using a structure diagram, a flow chart (step 1, step 2, step 3...expressed in natural language) or a functional module diagram. Table 1 shows the key thermal management components.

[0040] Table 1

[0041]

[0042] Specific embodiment: A small automobile thermal management system based on refrigerant cooling of battery motor and passenger compartment, such as Figure 2As shown, it includes a condenser 1, a fan 2, an expansion kettle 3, a compressor 4, a stop valve and an expansion valve 5, an air-conditioning box 6, a cooler 7, an electronic expansion valve 8, a water pump 9, and a three-way proportional valve 10; wherein the fan 2 is arranged at the condenser 1, one end of the condenser 1 is connected to one end of the compressor 4, the other end of the condenser 1 is respectively connected to one end of the stop valve and the expansion valve 5, and one end of the electronic expansion valve 8, the other end of the compressor 4 is respectively connected to one end of the air-conditioning box 6 and one end of the cooler 7; one end of the air-conditioning box 6 is connected to the other end of the stop valve and the expansion valve 5; the other end of the electronic expansion valve 8 is connected to the other end of the cooler 7; the output end of the cooler 7 is connected to one end of the expansion kettle 3, the other end of the expansion kettle 3 is connected to the interface 1 of the three-way proportional valve 10 through the water pump 9, the interface 3 of the three-way proportional valve 10 is connected to the input end of the cooler 7, and the interface 2 of the three-way proportional valve 10 is connected to the input end of the expansion kettle 3.

[0043] By adjusting the ratio of the three-way valve, the water inlet temperature requirements of the battery and motor can be controlled to meet the cooling needs, which specifically include three modes: passenger compartment cooling, battery cooling and motor system cooling.

[0044] Mode 1, passenger compartment cooling, specifically includes the following:

[0045] The compressor cools by compressing the refrigerant → the condenser dissipates heat through high temperature → the expansion valve TXV adjusts the pressure → the evaporator absorbs heat through evaporation.

[0046] Mode 2, battery cooling, specifically includes the following:

[0047] 1) Refrigerant side: the compressor compresses the refrigerant → the condenser dissipates heat through high temperature → the expansion valve SOV adjusts the pressure → the chiller absorbs the coolant heat through evaporation;

[0048] 2) Coolant side: water pump → three-way valve ① and three-way valve ② → battery pack → chiller.

[0049] Mode 3, motor system cooling, specifically includes the following:

[0050] 1) Refrigerant side: the compressor compresses the refrigerant → the condenser dissipates heat through high temperature → the expansion valve SOV adjusts the pressure → the chiller absorbs the coolant heat through evaporation;

[0051] 2) Coolant side: water pump → three-way valve ① and three-way valve ③ → motor system → chiller. Figure 3 shown.

[0052] The key thermal management components of this solution are shown in Table 2.

[0053] Table 2

[0054] Serial number name quantity usefulness 1 Condenser COND 1 Cooling refrigerant 2 Fan 1 3 Expansion kettle Tank 1 Only one is needed 4 Compressor EAC 1 5 Stop valve SOV+Expansion valve TXV 1 Adjust the refrigerant volume 6 Air conditioning box HVAC 1 Passenger cabin cooling 7 Chiller 1 Battery Cooling 8 Electronic Expansion Valve EXV 1 Adjust the refrigerant volume 9 Pump 1 Drive coolant 10 Three-way proportional valve 1 Adjusting coolant distribution

[0055] According to the above scheme, the motor and battery are cooled by compressor + chiller. By adjusting the ratio of the three-way valve by the inlet water temperature of the battery and the motor, the energy consumption can be reduced to the greatest extent. It can meet the cooling needs of the battery and the motor together, and ensure the minimum power consumption of the compressor.

[0056] `By adjusting the ratio of the three-way valve, the water inlet temperature of the battery and the motor can be controlled to meet the cooling requirements. The three-way valve strategy is shown in Table 3:

[0057] Table 3

[0058]

[0059] Those skilled in the art can understand that the above are only preferred examples of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Although the invention is described in detail with reference to the above examples, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above examples or replace some of the technical features with equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the invention should be included in the protection scope of the invention. All technical features in this embodiment can be freely combined according to actual needs.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A small vehicle thermal management system based on refrigerant cooling of battery motor and passenger compartment, characterized by: The invention comprises a condenser (1), a fan (2), an expansion kettle (3), a compressor (4), a stop valve and an expansion valve (5), an air conditioning box (6), a cooler (7), an electronic expansion valve (8), a water pump (9), and a three-way proportional valve (10); wherein the fan (2) is arranged at the condenser (1), one end of the condenser (1) is connected to one end of the compressor (4), the other end of the condenser (1) is respectively connected to one end of the stop valve and the expansion valve (5), and one end of the electronic expansion valve (8), and the other end of the compressor (4) is respectively connected to the air conditioning box One end of the air conditioning box (6) and one end of the cooler (7); one end of the air conditioning box (6) is connected to the other end of the stop valve and the expansion valve (5); the other end of the electronic expansion valve (8) is connected to the other end of the cooler (7); the output end of the cooler (7) is connected to one end of the expansion kettle (3), the other end of the expansion kettle (3) is connected to the interface 1 of the three-way proportional valve (10) through the water pump (9), the interface 3 of the three-way proportional valve (10) is connected to the input end of the cooler (7), and the interface 2 of the three-way proportional valve (10) is connected to the input end of the expansion kettle (3).

2. The small automobile thermal management system based on refrigerant cooling of battery motor and passenger compartment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: By adjusting the ratio of the three-way valve, the water inlet temperature requirements of the battery and motor can be controlled to meet the cooling needs, which specifically include three modes: passenger compartment cooling, battery cooling and motor system cooling.

3. The small automobile thermal management system based on refrigerant cooling of battery motor and passenger compartment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Mode 1, passenger compartment cooling, specifically includes the following: The compressor cools by compressing the refrigerant → the condenser dissipates heat through high temperature → the expansion valve TXV adjusts the pressure → the evaporator absorbs heat through evaporation.

4. The small automobile thermal management system based on refrigerant cooling of battery motor and passenger compartment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Mode 2, battery cooling, specifically includes the following: 1) Refrigerant side: the compressor compresses the refrigerant → the condenser dissipates heat through high temperature → the expansion valve SOV adjusts the pressure → the chiller absorbs the coolant heat through evaporation; 2) Coolant side: water pump → three-way valve ① and three-way valve ② → battery pack → chiller.

5. The small automobile thermal management system based on refrigerant cooling of battery motor and passenger compartment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Mode 3, motor system cooling, specifically includes the following: 1) Refrigerant side: the compressor compresses the refrigerant → the condenser dissipates heat through high temperature → the expansion valve SOV adjusts the pressure → the chiller absorbs the coolant heat through evaporation; 2) Coolant side: water pump → three-way valve ① and three-way valve ③ → motor system → chiller.

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