A production system and method for using metal composite materials

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of metal matrix composites, specifically a production system and method for using metal composites. The production system includes a reinforcement preheating-feeding device, a melting device, and a casting device. The melting device includes a heating furnace and a crucible. The crucible is placed inside the heating furnace. A hollow stirring rod is eccentrically mounted on the crucible lid via a high-temperature sealed bearing. An inert gas channel is provided inside the stirring rod, and a metal conical screen, smaller at the top and larger at the bottom, is arranged around the stirring rod. The reinforcement feeding and preheating device consists of a preheating section and a spiral output section. The device of this invention can effectively shorten the production cycle, has a reasonable structure, is simple to operate, and the vacuum environment can prevent the alloy melt from contacting the atmosphere, reducing oxide inclusions. It can effectively improve the wettability of the reinforcement to the melt and the interfacial bonding force between the reinforcement and the matrix. This invention has a wide range of applications, such as the preparation of metal matrix composites of aluminum and aluminum alloys, magnesium and magnesium alloys, and copper and copper alloys.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of metal matrix composite material preparation forming device, and particularly relates to a metal composite material production system and a use method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of modern electronic technology, integrated circuits (IC) have penetrated into various industries, and electronic products are widely used in 5G communication, aerospace, supercomputing, automotive electronics, unmanned driving, Internet of Things, intelligent manufacturing and many other fields. The performance requirements of electronic products are becoming higher and higher, and the size of electronic systems is becoming smaller, more functional and more efficient. Electronic devices are developing towards miniaturization, multifunctionality and high integration, which leads to a rapid increase in heat generation rate of electronic systems, which easily leads to system thermal failure. The failure rate of components is exponentially related to their operating temperature, and their functionality is inversely proportional to their operating temperature. The heat dissipation problem has become an urgent problem that needs to be solved and a bottleneck restricting the progress of electronic technology. The rapid increase in heat dissipation demand not only requires the development of more efficient cooling technology, but also promotes the development of thermal management materials towards high thermal conductivity, low expansion and lightweight, etc. to transfer heat to heat sinks or external space in time to ensure the normal operation of electronic systems.

[0003] Metallic copper and aluminum have high thermal conductivity and excellent mechanical properties, but at the same time, copper and aluminum have a high thermal expansion coefficient, which is very different from the thermal expansion coefficient of semiconductor silicon. The packaging of metals and silicon is easy to cause damage to electronic components and cause the entire integrated circuit to malfunction due to severe thermal mismatch.

[0004] Metal matrix composites have become a hot research topic in electronic packaging materials due to their strong designability, good processability, low thermal expansion coefficient, etc. High thermal conductivity metal matrix composites with aluminum and copper as the matrix not only have the above advantages, but also have more excellent thermal conductivity and mechanical properties, and are the most widely used metal matrix composites in the field of electronic packaging. Particle (SiC, AlN, BeO, diamond, etc.) reinforced aluminum-based and copper-based composites have high wear resistance, high corrosion resistance, high specific stiffness, high thermal conductivity and low thermal expansion coefficient, etc. and are applied to electronic equipment packaging materials, heat sinks, airplane engine fan outlet guide vanes, satellite structural materials and automobile brake discs, etc.

[0005] Currently, the main methods for preparing particle-reinforced aluminum-based and copper-based composite materials are liquid stirring and powder metallurgy. Powder metallurgy involves multiple processes such as powder mixing, cold pressing, hot pressing, and sintering, making the process complex and involving numerous steps. The high cost of raw materials and manufacturing equipment results in composite material costs that are 10 to 20 times higher than those of liquid stirring. Furthermore, the difficulty of implementing this method increases exponentially when preparing large-size metal matrix composites. In contrast, liquid stirring offers advantages such as simpler implementation and lower cost, and it also has unique advantages in preparing large-size composite ingots. The main technical idea of ​​this method is to melt the metal, add reinforcing particles under the action of a stirring tool, and achieve composite formation between the reinforcing particles and the molten metal during the stirring process, thereby obtaining ceramic particle-reinforced metal matrix composites. While this method is simple and low-cost, the preparation of metal matrix composites often suffers from several drawbacks. First, the surface energy and activity of the reinforcement decrease due to gas adsorption on its surface, preventing it from wetting the molten metal and causing particle agglomeration. Second, the large density difference between the reinforcement particles and the molten metal leads to particles failing to enter the molten metal and floating on the surface, or depositing in the lower layer of the molten metal. Through continuous research, two main methods for adding reinforcement have been developed: one involves mechanically stirring in an atmospheric environment to create a vortex, into which the reinforcement is then injected into the melt. However, in atmospheric conditions, aluminum, magnesium, and copper alloys are easily oxidized, resulting in severe oxide inclusions and gas entrapment, deteriorating material quality. The second method involves blowing the reinforcement into the melt in a vacuum environment using inert gases such as argon as carrier gases. However, because argon and other inert gases are almost insoluble in the melt, and the reinforcement particles are very small and lightweight, a large amount of reinforcement floats to the melt surface with the argon and other inert gas bubbles during their ascent, significantly reducing the composite effect. Furthermore, in existing vacuum melting and mixing composite processes, the furnace lid needs to be opened and the casting performed under atmospheric pressure after recharging, making oxide inclusions unavoidable. Document CN117444160A discloses "A Semi-Continuous Casting Equipment and a Semi-Continuous Casting Method for Aluminum-Based Composite Materials," which uses a combination of a melting and holding furnace, a mixer, and a crystallizer. The problems are: 1. High-pressure gas is used to blow the reinforcing particles into the molten aluminum during mixing, leading to a decrease in the alloy melt temperature, an change in the solid content, and an increase in viscosity. 2. When high-pressure gas is used to transport the reinforcing particles, due to their small size and low gravity, they are easily carried to the liquid surface during the bubble rise process, agglomerating and forming slag, failing to form a good mixture with the melt, resulting in an undesirable composite material and significant waste. 3. To reduce the impact of high-pressure gas on the melt temperature, heating rods and a cooling system are installed in the mixing pan to regulate the temperature, increasing the complexity of the equipment and raising costs.4. In an atmospheric environment, the violent tumbling of the melt during composite stirring causes severe oxidation and gas entrapment, which greatly reduces the quality of the composite material and deteriorates its mechanical and thermophysical properties. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a production system and method for using metal composite materials to solve the problems of increased viscosity caused by decreased alloy melt temperature and changes in solid phase content in the prior art; inability of reinforcing particles to form good mixing with the melt, resulting in unsatisfactory mechanical and thermophysical properties; and complex and costly equipment.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is: a production system for metal composite materials, comprising a vacuuming device, a gas supply device, a reinforcement preheating-feeding device, a smelting device, and a casting device. The smelting device includes a heating furnace and a crucible, the crucible being composed of a pot body and a crucible lid. In the smelting device, the crucible is placed inside the heating furnace. A hollow stirring rod is eccentrically mounted on the crucible lid via a high-temperature sealing bearing. The upper end of the stirring rod is connected to a rotary motor, and the lower part is provided with stirring blades. An inert gas channel communicating with the gas outlet at the bottom of the stirring rod is provided inside the stirring rod, and a one-way valve is provided on the inert gas channel. A metal conical screen, smaller at the top and larger at the bottom, is provided around the upper ring of the stirring rod.

[0008] The reinforcing material feeding and preheating device consists of two parts: a preheating section and a spiral output section. The preheating section includes a heating barrel with an electric heating resistance wire installed on the outside of the barrel wall and a barrel cover. A spiral stirrer is installed on the barrel cover through a high-temperature sealed bearing. A flip-type partition is installed at the bottom of the heating barrel. The lower part of the flip-type partition is connected to the spiral output section. The spiral output section includes a horizontally arranged outer cylinder and a spiral feeder inside it. The discharge end of the spiral feeder is connected to a vertical conveying pipe.

[0009] The conveying pipe in the preheating device for adding the reinforcing material is sealed and penetrates the crucible cover in the melting device, and is fitted to the stirring rod. Its lower end is located on the upper part of the metal conical screen.

[0010] Furthermore, the aforementioned crucible can be detachably placed inside an open heating furnace, which is positioned on a lifting platform.

[0011] Furthermore, the casting device includes a mold shell, one end of which is provided with a water-conducting copper cavity, and the other end is sealed and securely connected to the opening at the top of the crucible body. The axes of the two are perpendicular to each other and connected at 90°.

[0012] Furthermore, the crucible is equipped with an ultrasonic vibration treatment device, and three ultrasonic vibration treatment devices are arranged at 120° to each other.

[0013] Furthermore, the three ultrasonic vibration treatment devices are evenly distributed on the crucible lid through high-temperature sealed bearings.

[0014] Furthermore, the aforementioned heating furnace has an internal air cooling pipe, which is arranged around the inner side of the furnace wall and alternately with the heating elements.

[0015] Furthermore, the method of using the above-mentioned device includes the following steps:

[0016] Step 1, Reinforcing preheating - Feeding device start-up: Add reinforcing powder to the heating tank, set the preheating temperature to 300~400℃, turn on heating and stirring, and connect the vacuum system at the same time, preheat for 1~2 hours;

[0017] Step 2: While preheating the reinforcing body, place the metal to be melted into a crucible, and then place the crucible into a heating furnace to melt the metal into a melt.

[0018] Step 3: Add reinforcing powder:

[0019] Open the flip-up baffle at the bottom of the heating tank, start the screw feeder, and the reinforcing powder falls into the conveying pipe through the discharge end. At the end of the conveying pipe, it collides with the conical screen. The vibration causes the reinforcing particles to fall into the vortex more dispersedly and enter the melt under the action of the stirring blades.

[0020] Step 4: Heat the melt and mechanically stir it, then perform ultrasonic and vacuum negative pressure degassing combined treatment;

[0021] Step 5, Casting:

[0022] The heating furnace is lowered by a lifting platform, causing the crucible to detach. The crucible is then rotated 90 degrees by a clamping and rotating mechanism, and the melt is poured into the mold shell of the casting device through the upper opening. The inlet and outlet valves of the copper water chamber are opened to promote the solidification of the melt, forming ingots or parts.

[0023] Furthermore, the specific process of step two above is as follows:

[0024] Close the crucible lid to ensure a tight seal between the lid and the crucible body. Set the melting temperature to 400℃, start the vacuum system, and turn on the mechanical pump. When the negative pressure in the crucible reaches -0.1 Pa, turn on the molecular pump. When the negative pressure in the crucible reaches 3 × 10⁻⁶ Pa, turn on the molecular pump. -3 When Pa is reached, the vacuum system should be shut off.

[0025] Set the heating temperature to the melting temperature of 700~750℃. After the metal melts, start the stirring rod. Then, blow argon gas into the melt through the argon gas channel at a pressure of 0.3~0.6MPa, increase the stirring speed to 600rpm, and use argon gas to degas for 3~5 minutes. Then turn off the argon gas.

[0026] Adjust the air flow rate in the air cooling pipes of the heating furnace to lower the furnace temperature, and adjust the stirrer speed to 400-800 r / min.

[0027] Furthermore, the specific process of step four above is as follows:

[0028] Set the temperature of the melt in the crucible to be 30-50°C higher than the melting point, increase the stirring speed to 1000-1500 r / min, and stir for 5-10 minutes;

[0029] Lower the height of the ultrasonic vibration treatment device to 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the height of the melt from the bottom of the crucible; turn on the ultrasonic vibration treatment device with a power of 2kW to 3kW, and ultrasonically treat the melt for 5 to 10 minutes. At the same time, turn on the vacuum system to degas the melt using negative pressure.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] (1) This device combines metal smelting, degassing, reinforcement addition, semi-solid stirring, and ultrasonic treatment. It has a reasonable structure, good dispersion of reinforcement particles, and significantly reduced porosity and inclusions, realizing the function of high-quality preparation of metal matrix composites by casting. At the same time, the device is easy to use, which can effectively shorten the production cycle and improve production efficiency and product quality. The invention has a reasonable structure and is easy to operate. The vacuum environment can prevent the alloy melt from contacting the atmosphere, reduce oxide inclusions, and significantly improve the quality of the alloy melt. The invention integrates rotary degassing at the bottom of the stirring rod. By combining rotary degassing and vacuum negative pressure degassing, the gas contained in the alloy melt can be effectively removed before the reinforcement particles are added.

[0032] (2) This invention preheats the reinforcing material through stirring and preheating, and also promotes the removal of impurity gases adsorbed on the surface of the reinforcing material. This effectively improves the wettability of the reinforcing material to the melt and the interfacial bonding force between the reinforcing material and the matrix. The removal of impurity gases also improves the melt quality and reduces the formation of defects such as porosity and looseness, thereby improving the overall performance of the composite material. At the same time, by combining semi-solid stirring and a spiral stirrer, and setting a conical screen on the stirring rod, the reinforcing material collides with the screen during the falling process, causing it to disperse. In the semi-solid melt with a certain viscosity, the distance shear of the stirrer makes it more evenly dispersed in the melt. The stirring rod is eccentrically set on the crucible lid, which can generate vortices and control the size of the vortices. Then, the melt temperature is increased, and the reinforcing material is more evenly distributed under the synergistic effect of mechanical stirring, ultrasonic vibration and cavitation effect. Compared with other methods of cooling the melt by placing a metal with an internal cooling medium into the melt, this invention has a built-in cooling pipe in the heating furnace, which can effectively ensure the uniformity of the melt viscosity, and is time-saving and efficient.

[0033] (4) The composite material slurry prepared in this invention can be rotated 90° by a rotating mechanism and poured into the mold shell of the casting device, ensuring casting in a vacuum environment and avoiding oxidation, gas entrapment, and slag inclusions during the casting process. At the same time, a pure copper water cooling device is provided at the bottom of the mold, which can realize rapid directional solidification of the semi-solid slurry, refine the grains of the composite material metal matrix, and improve the mechanical properties of the composite material. After solidification, the cooling device can be removed to take out the composite material ingot, which is simple and quick to operate.

[0034] (5) This invention has a wide range of applications, such as the preparation of metal-based composite materials such as aluminum and aluminum alloys, magnesium and magnesium alloys, copper and copper alloys. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a system structure block diagram of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 The image shows the metallographic structure of SiC particle-reinforced 6061 aluminum alloy composite material.

[0038] The accompanying diagrams are labeled as follows:

[0039] 1-Heating furnace, 2-Crate body, 3-Crate lid, 4-Lifting platform, 5-Stirring rod, 6-Rotary motor, 7-Stirring blade, 8-One-way valve, 9-Conical screen, 10-Mold shell, 11-Water-passing copper cavity, 12-Ultrasonic vibration treatment device, 13-Heating tank, 14-Tank lid, 15-Spiral stirrer, 16-Motor, 17-Flip-type partition, 18-Outer cylinder, 19-Spiral feeder, 20-Feeding pipe, 21-Air cooling pipe, 22-Electric heating element. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] A production system for metal composite materials, see [link / reference] Figure 1 It includes a vacuuming device, a gas supply device, a reinforcement preheating-feeding device, a smelting device, and a casting device. The smelting device is connected to the vacuuming device, the gas supply device, the reinforcement preheating-feeding device, and the casting device, respectively. The vacuuming device is connected to the reinforcement preheating-feeding device.

[0042] See Figure 2The smelting apparatus includes a heating furnace 1 and a crucible, which consists of a crucible body and a crucible cover 3. A hollow stirring rod 5 is eccentrically mounted on the crucible cover 3 via a high-temperature sealed bearing. The crucible cover 3 is also equipped with auxiliary components such as a temperature controller and a vacuum gauge. The vacuuming device connected to the crucible includes a vacuum air pipeline and a mechanical pump, a molecular pump, etc. The gas supply device connected to the crucible includes an inert gas supply unit and a connecting gas pipeline, etc. The upper end of the stirring rod 5 is connected to a rotary motor 6, and the lower part is equipped with stirring blades 7. An inert gas channel communicating with the gas outlet at the bottom of the stirring rod 5 is provided inside the stirring rod 5. A one-way valve 8 is provided in the inert gas channel. The upper end of the stirring rod 5 is connected to the gas supply device. When inert gas is introduced, the one-way valve 8 opens under the action of gas pressure. A metal conical screen 9 with a smaller upper part and a larger lower part is provided around the stirring rod 5.

[0043] The reinforcing material feeding and preheating device consists of two parts: a preheating section and a spiral output section. The preheating section includes a heating barrel 13 with an electric heating resistance wire installed on the outside of the barrel wall and a barrel cover 14. A spiral stirrer 15 is installed on the barrel cover 14 through a high-temperature sealed bearing. The rotating shaft of the spiral stirrer 15 is driven by a motor 16. A flip-type partition 17 is provided at the bottom of the heating barrel 13. The lower part of the flip-type partition 17 is connected to the spiral output section. The spiral output section includes a horizontally arranged outer cylinder 18 and a spiral feeder 19 inside it. The discharge end of the spiral feeder 19 is connected to a vertical conveying pipe 20.

[0044] The conveying pipe 20 in the reinforcing material feeding and preheating device is sealed and penetrates the crucible cover 3 in the melting device, and is fitted to the stirring rod 5. Its lower end is located on the upper part of the metal conical screen 9. The flip-type partition 17 in the reinforcing material preheating section separates the preheating section from the feeding section. After the preheating conditions are met, the preheated and degassed reinforcing material is introduced into the feeding section by rotation. Under the propulsion of the screw feeder 19, it enters the conveying pipe 20. Under the action of gravity, the reinforcing material falls onto the metal conical screen 9, which rotates together with the stirring rod 5, and after dispersing, falls into the melt vortex.

[0045] The crucible is detachably disposed within the heating furnace 1, which is placed on a lifting platform 4. The lifting platform 4 allows the crucible to enter or exit the heating furnace 1. In addition to heating elements 22, the heating furnace 1 also contains high-temperature resistant ceramic air cooling pipes 21. These air cooling pipes 21 are arranged around the inner wall of the heating furnace 1, alternating with the heating elements 22. Cooling is achieved by blowing air into the pipes. An ultrasonic vibration treatment device 12 is installed inside the crucible, consisting of three units spaced 120° apart. These three ultrasonic vibration treatment devices 12 are evenly distributed on the crucible cover 3 via high-temperature sealed bearings.

[0046] The casting device includes a mold shell 10. One end of the mold shell 10 is provided with a water-passing copper cavity 11. The water-passing copper cavity 11 is provided with an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe to improve the cooling rate. The other end is sealed and connected to the opening at the top of the crucible body 2. The axes of the two are perpendicular to each other and connected at 90°. The mold shell 10 is horizontally set and fixed at 90° perpendicular to the outer wall of the crucible body 2.

[0047] The method of using the metal composite material production system specifically includes the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: Reinforcing body preheating - Feeding device start-up:

[0049] Weigh 10μm SiC particles, add 10wt% NaOH solution and wash under ultrasonication for 15 min, then wash with deionized water until neutral (pH=7), and allow to settle. Discard the supernatant, add 5% HF solution and soak for 3 h, then wash with distilled water until neutral, and dry for later use. Add the cleaned and dried SiC powder to heating tank 13, set the preheating temperature to 300℃, turn on the spiral stirrer 15 for stirring, and simultaneously connect the vacuum system, preheat for 2 h, and stir at 50 rpm to promote the removal of gas adsorbed on the surface of the reinforcement.

[0050] Step 2: While preheating the reinforcing body, place the metal to be melted into a crucible, and then place the crucible into heating furnace 1 to melt the metal into a molten substance.

[0051] In this embodiment, a 6061 aluminum alloy ingot with surface oxides removed is placed in crucible 2. Crucible lid 3 is closed, and the positioning locking bolts are tightened to seal the crucible lid 3 to crucible 2. The melting temperature is set to 400℃, the vacuum system is started, and the mechanical pump is turned on. When the negative pressure in the crucible reaches -0.1 Pa, the molecular pump is turned on. When the negative pressure in the crucible reaches 3 × 10⁻⁶ Pa... -3 When Pa is reached, the vacuum system should be shut off.

[0052] The melting of the aluminum alloy is observed through the observation port. Once the temperature of the melt in the crucible (temperature controller) reaches the set target, in this embodiment, the heating temperature is set to the melting temperature of 730℃ (temperature controller). After the metal melts, the stirring rod 5 is started, and mechanical stirring is turned on for 5 minutes at a stirring speed of 400 rpm.

[0053] Then, argon gas is blown into the melt through the argon gas channel to degas it. Specifically, the gas valve between the inert gas unit and the stirring rod 5 is opened, the argon gas pressure is 0.3~0.6MPa, the stirring speed is increased to 600rpm, and the argon gas is used to degas for 3~5min. Then the gas valve between the inert gas unit and the stirring rod 5 is closed, and the argon gas is turned off.

[0054] When the air flow rate in the air cooling pipe 21 of the heating furnace 1 is adjusted to reduce the furnace temperature to 650°C, that is, after the melt temperature is maintained in the semi-solid temperature range of the alloy, the speed of the stirring rod 5 is adjusted to 800 r / min. A vortex is generated in the center of the stirring rod 5, while the melt surface in other parts is stable.

[0055] Step 3: Add reinforcing powder:

[0056] Open the flip-type baffle 17 at the bottom of the heating tank 13, start the screw feeder 19, and the reinforcing powder falls into the conveying pipe through the discharge end. At the end of the conveying pipe, it collides with the metal conical screen 9. The vibration causes the reinforcing particles to fall into the vortex more dispersed and enter the melt under the drive of the stirring blades 7. The feeding time is determined and controlled by the stirring speed and the screw propulsion speed.

[0057] Step 4: Heat the melt and mechanically stir it, then perform a combined ultrasonic and vacuum negative pressure degassing treatment.

[0058] Set the melt temperature in the crucible to 730℃. When the melt temperature reaches 730℃, increase the stirring speed to 1200 rpm and stir for 10 minutes.

[0059] Lower the height of the ultrasonic vibration treatment device 12 until it reaches a height of 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the distance between the melt and the bottom of the crucible. Turn on the ultrasonic vibration treatment device 12 at a power of 3kW and ultrasonically treat the melt for 5 minutes.

[0060] At the same time, the vacuum system is activated to degas the melt using negative pressure, thereby reducing the gas content in the melt.

[0061] Step 5, Casting:

[0062] The heating furnace 1 is lowered by the lifting platform 4 at the top of the hydraulic device, causing the crucible to detach. The crucible is rotated 90 degrees by the clamping and rotating mechanism, and the melt is poured into the mold shell 10 of the casting device through the opening at the top of the crucible body 2. The inlet and outlet water valves of the water-conducting copper cavity 11 are opened to start the cooling circulating water, promote the solidification of the melt, and form SiC particle-reinforced 6061 aluminum alloy composite material.

[0063] See Figure 3 The metallographic structure shows that the average size of the SiC particles is about 10 μm. The SiC particles prepared by this invention are relatively uniformly dispersed in the 6061 aluminum alloy matrix. No inclusions such as pores, shrinkage cavities and alumina were observed in the structure. The volume fraction of SiC particles was 22.8%, which is very close to the designed addition amount of 23%. This indicates that the device of this invention can significantly suppress the floating of small particles and shows excellent composite addition effect.

[0064] The embodiments described above are merely examples of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A metal composite production system, comprising a vacuum pumping device, a gas supply device, a reinforcement preheating-feeding device, a melting device and a casting device, the melting device comprising a heating furnace (1) and a crucible, the crucible being composed of a crucible body (2) and a crucible cover (3), characterized in that: the crucible is placed in the heating furnace (1), a hollow stirring rod (5) is eccentrically arranged on the crucible cover (3) through a high-temperature sealing bearing, the upper end of the stirring rod (5) is connected with a rotating motor (6), and the lower part is provided with stirring blades (7); an inert gas channel is arranged in the stirring rod (5) and is communicated with the gas outlet hole at the bottom of the stirring rod (5), and a one-way valve (8) is arranged on the inert gas channel; a metal conical screen (9) with a small upper part and a large lower part is arranged around the stirring rod (5); the reinforcement feeding preheating device is composed of a preheating part and a spiral output part; the preheating part comprises a heating barrel (13) with electric heating resistance wires arranged outside the barrel wall and a barrel cover (14), a spiral stirrer (15) is arranged on the barrel cover (14) through a high-temperature sealing bearing; a turnover partition plate (17) is arranged at the bottom of the heating barrel (13), the lower part of the turnover partition plate (17) is communicated with the spiral output part, the spiral output part comprises a transversely arranged outer cylinder (18) and a spiral feeder (19) arranged in the outer cylinder (18), and the discharge end of the spiral feeder (19) is communicated with a vertical feeding pipe (20); the feeding pipe (20) in the reinforcement feeding preheating device is sealingly and penetratively arranged on the crucible cover (3) in the melting device and is arranged in close contact with the stirring rod (5), and the lower end is arranged on the upper part of the metal conical screen (9). the crucible is arranged in the open heating furnace (1) in a detachable manner, and the heating furnace (1) is arranged on a lifting platform (4).

2. The metal composite production system according to claim 1, wherein: the casting device comprises a mold shell (10), one end of the mold shell (10) is provided with a water-through copper cavity (11), the other end is sealingly and tightly communicated with the opening at the upper part of the crucible body (2), and the axes of the two are arranged vertically at an angle of 90°.

3. A metal composite production system according to claim 2, wherein: ultrasonic vibration treatment devices (12) are arranged in the crucible, and the three ultrasonic vibration treatment devices (12) are arranged at an angle of 120°.

4. The metal composite production system of claim 3, wherein: the three ultrasonic vibration treatment devices (12) are arranged on the crucible cover (3) through high-temperature sealing bearings.

5. A metal composite production system according to claim 4, wherein: an air cooling pipe (21) is arranged in the heating furnace (1), and the air cooling pipe (21) is arranged on the inner side of the furnace wall of the heating furnace (1) and is arranged alternately with the electric heating element (22).

6. A metal composite production system according to claim 5, wherein: comprising the following steps:

7. The method of using a metal composite production system of claim 1, wherein: Step one, the reinforcement preheating-feeding device is started: the reinforcement powder is added into the heating barrel (13), the preheating temperature is set to 300-400℃, the heating and stirring are started, and the preheating is performed for 1-2h, and the vacuum pumping system is connected at the same time; Step two, while the reinforcement is preheated, the metal to be melted is placed in the crucible, and the crucible is placed in the heating furnace (1) to melt the metal into a melt: Step three, the reinforcement powder is added: ​ Open the turnover partition (17) at the bottom of the heating barrel (13), start the screw feeder (19), and enhance the body powder to fall into the conveying pipe (20) through the discharge end. The enhanced body particles collide with the conical screen (9) at the end of the conveying pipe (20), and are dispersed into the vortex under the driving of the stirring blade (7) and enter the melt; Step four, temperature rise for melt mechanical stirring, ultrasonic, vacuum negative pressure degassing composite treatment: Step five, casting: Lower the heating furnace (1) through the lifting platform (4) to make the crucible separate, and the crucible is rotated by 90 degrees through the clamping and rotating mechanism. The melt is poured into the mold shell (10) of the casting device through the upper opening, and the inlet and outlet water valves of the water-copper cavity (11) are opened to promote the solidification of the melt and form ingots or parts.

8. A method of using a metal composite production system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific process of step two is: Close the crucible cover (3), make the crucible cover (3) and the crucible body (2) seal connection, set the smelting temperature 400 ℃, start the vacuum system, open the mechanical pump, when the negative pressure in the crucible reaches-0.1 Pa, open the molecular pump, when the negative pressure in the crucible reaches 3x10 -3 Pa, close the vacuum system; Set the heating temperature to the smelting temperature of 700~750℃, and start the stirring rod (5) after the metal is melted; Then blow argon into the melt through the argon channel to remove gas. The argon pressure is 0.3~0.6MPa, the stirring speed is increased to 600rpm, and the argon rotary degassing is used for 3~5min, and the argon is closed. Adjust the air flow in the air cooling pipe (21) in the heating furnace (1) to reduce the temperature in the furnace, and adjust the stirring rod (5) speed to 400-800r / min.

9. A method of using a metal composite production system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The specific process of step four is: Set the melt temperature in the crucible to be 30~50℃ higher than the melting point, increase the stirring speed to 1000~1500 r / min, and stir for 5~10min; Lower the height of the ultrasonic vibration treatment device (12) to the melt at a distance of 1 / 3~1 / 2 of the height from the bottom of the crucible; Open the ultrasonic vibration treatment device (12), power 2kW~3kW, melt ultrasonic treatment 5~10min, and at the same time open the vacuum pumping system to remove gas from the melt by negative pressure.

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