Automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses an automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system and method, and relates to the technical field of automobile exhaust detection, particulate matter samples comprise a first particulate matter sample, a second particulate matter sample and a third particulate matter sample which are completely identical; the system comprises a particle size analysis module used for analyzing the particle size of a first particulate matter sample to obtain the particle size distribution of the sample; the particle quantity counting module is used for counting the particle quantity of the second particle sample to obtain the sample particle quantity; the mass analysis module is used for counting the particle mass of the third particulate matter sample to obtain the sample particle mass; and the characteristic analysis module is used for obtaining the emission characteristics of the automobile in the preset time period based on the sample particle size distribution, the sample particle number and the sample particle mass. According to the invention, comprehensive automobile emission data can be obtained, and the research performance and accuracy of automobile emission characteristics are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of automobile exhaust detection, and in particular to a system and method for detecting automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter. Background Art

[0002] The particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) pollutants emitted into the outside atmosphere when a car is driving come not only from the engine's exhaust particulate matter, but also from the products of wear of brake pads, tires and dry dual-clutch friction plates, the latter of which are the car's non-exhaust particulate matter.

[0003] At present, the detection of particulate matter emitted during vehicle driving mainly focuses on the detection of vehicle exhaust particulate matter, while the detection of vehicle non-exhaust particulate matter is ignored. As a result, when studying the particle matter emission characteristics during vehicle driving, it is impossible to obtain more comprehensive vehicle emission data, which reduces the research nature and accuracy of vehicle emission characteristics. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned defects or deficiencies in the relevant technology, the purpose of this application is to provide a vehicle exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system and method, which can synchronously analyze the particle size, particle number and particle mass of the particulate matter samples at preset time intervals, obtain more comprehensive vehicle emission data, and effectively improve the research and accuracy of vehicle emission characteristics.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solutions: In the first aspect, the automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system is installed on the automobile, and is used to collect the exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter generated in real time during the driving of the automobile, and use the exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter collected within a preset time period as particulate matter samples, and detect the particulate matter samples, wherein the particulate matter samples include a completely identical first particulate matter sample, a second particulate matter sample, and a third particulate matter sample; the automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system includes: a particle size analysis module, which is used to analyze the particle size of the first particulate matter sample to obtain a sample particle size distribution; a particle number statistics module, which is used to count the number of particles of the second particulate matter sample to obtain a sample particle number; a mass analysis module, which is used to count the particle mass of the third particulate matter sample to obtain a sample particle mass; a feature analysis module, which is used to obtain the emission characteristics of the automobile within a preset time period based on the sample particle size distribution, the sample particle number, and the sample particle mass obtained by synchronous analysis within a preset time period.

[0006] Optionally, the first particle matter sample includes a first exhaust gas particle matter sample and a first non-exhaust gas particle matter sample; the particle size analysis module is specifically used to: separate the particles larger than a first preset particle size from the first exhaust gas particle matter sample and the first non-exhaust gas particle matter sample, respectively, to obtain target exhaust gas particles and target non-exhaust gas particles; assign an electric charge to each of the target exhaust gas particles and the target non-exhaust gas particles, respectively, and collect the charged target exhaust gas particles and the target non-exhaust gas particles through an impactor, respectively, to an exhaust gas particle collection tray and a non-exhaust gas particle collection tray in turn; detect and record the charge changes of the target exhaust gas particles in the exhaust gas particle collection tray and the target non-exhaust gas particle collection tray, respectively, to obtain the exhaust gas sample particle size distribution corresponding to the first exhaust gas particle matter sample and the non-exhaust gas sample particle size distribution corresponding to the first non-exhaust gas particle sample.

[0007] Optionally, the second particulate matter sample includes a second exhaust gas particulate matter sample and a second non-exhaust particulate matter sample; the particle number statistics module is specifically used to: dilute and dry the second exhaust gas particulate matter sample and the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample, respectively, and dilute the second exhaust gas particulate matter sample and the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample after drying again, respectively; count the particle numbers of the second exhaust gas particulate matter sample and the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample after dilution again, and obtain the exhaust gas sample particle number corresponding to the second exhaust gas particulate matter sample and the non-exhaust sample particle number corresponding to the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample, respectively.

[0008] Optionally, the particle number statistics module is further specifically used to: respectively put the second exhaust particulate matter sample and the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample that have been diluted again into the optical detection area, and use a detector to respectively capture the second exhaust particulate matter sample and the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample in the optical detection area, and respectively obtain the exhaust gas sample particle number and the non-exhaust sample particle number, respectively.

[0009] Optionally, the third particulate matter sample includes a third exhaust particulate matter sample and a third non-exhaust particulate matter sample; the mass analysis module includes an exhaust gas retention device and a non-exhaust gas retention device, and the mass analysis module is specifically used to: obtain the mass difference of the exhaust gas retention device before and after a preset time period, and obtain the number of exhaust gas sample particles corresponding to the third exhaust gas particulate matter sample; obtain the mass difference of the non-exhaust gas retention device before and after a preset time period, and obtain the number of non-exhaust sample particles corresponding to the third non-exhaust particulate matter sample.

[0010] Optionally, the automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system further includes: an exhaust gas sampling device, including an exhaust gas sampling probe and an exhaust gas sampling tube, the exhaust gas sampling tube being arranged on the automobile near the exhaust gas emission pipe, one end of the exhaust gas sampling tube being connected to the exhaust gas sampling probe, and the other end being connected to an exhaust gas collecting bottle, the exhaust gas collecting bottle being connected to a first air pump; the exhaust gas collecting bottle is used to collect exhaust gas particulate matter generated during driving of the automobile, and the exhaust gas particulate matter in the exhaust gas collecting bottle includes the first exhaust gas particulate matter sample, the second exhaust gas particulate matter sample and the third exhaust gas particulate matter sample which are completely the same; the first air pump delivers the first exhaust gas particulate matter sample to the particle size analysis module, delivers the second exhaust gas particulate matter sample to the particle number statistics module, and delivers the third exhaust gas particulate matter sample to the exhaust gas interception device through a connecting tube at intervals of a preset time period; A non-exhaust sampling device comprises a non-exhaust sampling probe and a non-exhaust sampling tube, wherein the non-exhaust sampling probe is arranged on the vehicle near the tires and brake pads of the vehicle, one end of the non-exhaust sampling tube is connected to the non-exhaust sampling probe, and the other end is connected to a non-exhaust collecting bottle, wherein the non-exhaust collecting bottle is connected to a second air pump; the non-exhaust collecting bottle is used to collect non-exhaust particulate matter generated by the vehicle during driving, and the exhaust particulate matter in the non-exhaust collecting bottle comprises the first non-exhaust particulate matter sample, the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample and the third non-exhaust particulate matter sample which are completely the same; the second air pump delivers the first non-exhaust particulate matter sample to the particle size analysis module, the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample to the particle number statistics module, and the third non-exhaust particulate matter sample to the non-exhaust interception device through a connecting tube at preset time intervals.

[0011] Optionally, the automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system also includes: a driving feature collection module, which is mounted on the automobile and is used to collect road condition parameters and driving parameters of the automobile during driving within a preset time period; the road condition parameters include road surface flatness, traffic flow speed and traffic flow density; the driving parameters include driving route and driving speed; the feature analysis module is also specifically used to obtain the sample particle size distribution, the sample particle number, the sample particle mass, the road condition parameters and the driving parameters based on synchronous analysis within a preset time period, and obtain the emission characteristics of the automobile under different road conditions, driving routes and driving speeds within a preset time period.

[0012] In the second aspect, the present application provides a method for detecting automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter, which is applied to the automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system described in any of the above items, and the method includes: obtaining the sample particle size distribution, sample particle number, and sample particle mass obtained by synchronous analysis within a preset time; wherein the sample particle size distribution is obtained by a particle size analysis module, the sample particle number is obtained by a particle number statistics module, and the sample particle mass is obtained by a mass analysis module; based on the obtained sample particle size distribution, the sample particle number, and the sample particle mass, the emission characteristics of the automobile within a preset time period are obtained.

[0013] Optionally, the automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection method also includes: controlling the first air pump to be turned on or off, so that the first air pump delivers a first exhaust particulate matter sample to the particle size analysis module through a connecting pipe, delivers a second exhaust particulate matter sample to the particle number statistics module, and delivers a third exhaust particulate matter sample to the exhaust retention device; controlling the second air pump to be turned on or off, so that the second air pump delivers a first non-exhaust particulate matter sample to the particle size analysis module through a connecting pipe, delivers a second non-exhaust particulate matter sample to the particle number statistics module, and delivers a third non-exhaust particulate matter sample to the non-exhaust retention device.

[0014] Optionally, the vehicle exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection method also includes: obtaining road condition parameters and driving parameters collected by a driving characteristic collection module mounted on the vehicle; the road condition parameters include road surface flatness, traffic flow speed and traffic flow density; the driving parameters include driving route and driving speed; based on the acquired sample particle size distribution, the sample particle quantity, the sample particle mass, the road condition parameters and the driving parameters, the emission characteristics of the vehicle under different road conditions, driving routes and driving speeds within a preset time are obtained.

[0015] In a third aspect, the present application provides a computer device comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of any of the above-mentioned methods for detecting automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter.

[0016] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the above-mentioned methods for detecting automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter.

[0017] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the above-mentioned methods for detecting automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter.

[0018] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, this application discloses the following technical effects: The present application provides a vehicle exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system and method, which analyzes the particle size of a first particulate matter sample through a particle size analysis module to obtain a sample particle size distribution; counts the number of particles in a second particulate matter sample through a particle number statistics module to obtain a sample particle number; counts the particle mass of a third particulate matter sample through a mass analysis module to obtain a sample particle mass; and summarizes and analyzes the sample particle size distribution, sample particle number, and sample particle mass obtained by synchronous analysis within a preset time through a feature analysis module to obtain the emission characteristics of the vehicle within a preset time period; on the one hand, through the particle size analysis module, the particle number statistics module, and the mass analysis module mounted on the vehicle The module conducts synchronous detection of particulate matter samples, which can reduce the errors caused by manual operations during the collection and detection process, and can ensure the accuracy of emission detection results to a certain extent, providing more accurate data support for the subsequent analysis of automobile emission characteristics; on the other hand, through the particle size analysis module, particle number statistics module, and mass analysis module, the particle size, particle number, and particle mass of exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter generated by the automobile within a preset time period can be synchronously analyzed, and more comprehensive automobile emission data can be obtained, which provides good data support for the feature analysis module to summarize and analyze the emission characteristics of the automobile within a preset time, and can effectively improve the research and accuracy of automobile emission characteristics. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the functional modules of a vehicle exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system provided in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a process for detecting automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0023] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the present application provides a vehicle exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system, which is mounted on a vehicle, collects exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter generated in real time during the driving process of the vehicle, and uses the exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter collected within a preset time period as a particulate matter sample, detects the particulate matter sample, and obtains the vehicle emission characteristics within the preset time period. Among them, the particulate matter sample includes a completely identical first particulate matter sample, a second particulate matter sample, and a third particulate matter sample. The vehicle exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system 200 includes a particle size analysis module 210, a particle number statistics module 220, a mass analysis module 230, and a feature analysis module 240. The particle size analysis module 210 is used to analyze the particle size of the first particulate matter sample to obtain the sample particle size distribution; the particle number statistics module 220 is used to count the particle number of the second particulate matter sample to obtain the sample particle number; the mass analysis module 230 is used to count the particle mass of the third particulate matter sample to obtain the sample particle mass; the feature analysis module 240 is used to obtain the emission characteristics of the vehicle within a preset time period based on the sample particle size distribution, sample particle number and sample particle mass obtained by synchronous analysis within a preset time period.

[0024] In an exemplary embodiment, the particulate matter sample is the total amount of automobile exhaust gas collected by the exhaust sampling device and automobile non-exhaust gas collected by the non-exhaust sampling device within a preset time period; wherein the particulate matter sample includes a first particulate matter sample, a second particulate matter sample, and a third particulate matter sample that are completely identical. The first particulate matter sample includes a first exhaust gas particulate matter sample and a first non-exhaust gas particulate matter sample; the second particulate matter sample includes a second exhaust gas particulate matter sample and a second non-exhaust gas particulate matter sample; and the third particulate matter sample includes a third exhaust gas particulate matter sample and a third non-exhaust gas particulate matter sample.

[0025] It should be noted that if the first particulate matter sample includes the first exhaust particulate matter sample and the first non-exhaust particulate matter sample; the second particulate matter sample includes the second exhaust particulate matter sample and the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample; the third particulate matter sample includes the third exhaust particulate matter sample and the third non-exhaust particulate matter sample, and when the automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system 200 includes two particle size analysis modules 210, two particle number statistics modules 220, two mass analysis modules 230 and one feature analysis module 240, the automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system 200 can use the two particle size analysis modules 210, two particle number statistics modules 220, and two mass analysis modules 230 to respectively perform synchronous detection on the first exhaust particulate matter sample and the first non-exhaust particulate matter sample, the second exhaust particulate matter sample and the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample, and the third exhaust particulate matter sample and the third non-exhaust particulate matter sample, and summarize and analyze the detection results of the exhaust particulate matter samples and the non-exhaust particulate matter samples through a feature analysis module 240 to obtain the emission characteristics of the automobile within a preset time period.

[0026] If the first particulate matter sample includes the first exhaust particulate matter sample and the first non-exhaust particulate matter sample; the second particulate matter sample includes the second exhaust particulate matter sample and the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample; the third particulate matter sample includes the third exhaust particulate matter sample and the third non-exhaust particulate matter sample, and when the automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system 200 includes a particle size analysis module 210, a particle number statistics module 220, a mass analysis module 230 and a feature analysis module 240, the automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system 200 first performs synchronous detection on the first exhaust particulate matter sample, the second exhaust particulate matter sample and the third exhaust particulate matter sample through the particle size analysis module 210, the particle number statistics module 220 and the mass analysis module 230, and then performs detection on the first non-exhaust particulate matter sample, the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample and the third non-exhaust particulate matter sample through the particle size analysis module 210, the particle number statistics module 220 and the mass analysis module 230, and finally obtains the emission characteristics of the automobile within a preset time period through the feature analysis module 240. Alternatively, the first non-exhaust particulate matter sample, the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample, and the third non-exhaust particulate matter sample are first detected through the particle size analysis module 210, the particle number statistics module 220, and the mass analysis module 230, and then the first exhaust particulate matter sample, the second exhaust particulate matter sample, and the third exhaust particulate matter sample are detected through the particle size analysis module 210, the particle number statistics module 220, and the mass analysis module 230, and finally the emission characteristics of the vehicle within a preset time period are obtained through the characteristic analysis module 240.

[0027] In other embodiments, the particulate matter sample may include a completely identical first particulate matter sample, a second particulate matter sample, and a third particulate matter sample; wherein the first particulate matter sample includes a first exhaust particulate matter sample or a first non-exhaust particulate matter sample; the second particulate matter sample includes a second exhaust particulate matter sample or a second non-exhaust particulate matter sample; and the third particulate matter sample includes a third exhaust particulate matter sample or a third non-exhaust particulate matter sample.

[0028] When the first particle matter sample includes the first exhaust particle matter sample or the first non-exhaust particle matter sample; the second particle matter sample includes the second exhaust particle matter sample or the second non-exhaust particle matter sample; and the third particle matter sample includes the third exhaust particle matter sample or the third non-exhaust particle matter sample, the automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particle matter detection system 200 includes a particle size analysis module 210, a particle number statistics module 220, a mass analysis module 230 and a feature analysis module 240.

[0029] The emission characteristics of the automobile include the particle size distribution of exhaust particulate matter, the number of exhaust particulate matter particles, the mass of exhaust particulate matter, the particle size distribution of non-exhaust particulate matter, the number of non-exhaust particulate matter particles, the mass of non-exhaust particulate matter, and the emission factor. The emission characteristics of the automobile can be represented by data, or by line graphs, bar graphs, etc. The specific form of expression is selected according to the actual application, and this example embodiment does not make specific restrictions. The preset time period is the detection period set by the tester according to actual needs, and this example embodiment does not make specific restrictions.

[0030] Further, in the case where the first particle matter sample includes a first exhaust gas particle matter sample and a first non-exhaust gas particle matter sample, the above-mentioned particle size analysis module 210 is specifically used to: separate the particles larger than the first preset particle size in the first exhaust gas particle matter sample and the first non-exhaust gas particle matter sample, respectively, to obtain target exhaust gas particles and target non-exhaust gas particles; assign an electric charge to each target exhaust gas particle and target non-exhaust gas particle, respectively, and collect the charged target exhaust gas particles and target non-exhaust gas particles through an impactor, respectively, to an exhaust gas particle collection tray and a non-exhaust gas particle collection tray in turn; detect and record the charge changes of the target exhaust gas particles in the exhaust gas particle collection tray and the target non-exhaust gas particle collection tray, respectively, to obtain the exhaust sample particle size distribution corresponding to the first exhaust gas particle sample and the non-exhaust sample particle size distribution corresponding to the first non-exhaust gas particle sample.

[0031] It is understandable that, for example, when analyzing the particle size distribution of the first exhaust gas particle sample, the first exhaust gas particle sample is transported into the electrostatic low-pressure impactor. After entering the electrostatic low-pressure impactor, the first exhaust gas particle first passes through a particle cutter to separate the exhaust gas particles larger than 10 μm from the airflow, and obtains the first exhaust gas particles with a particle size less than or equal to 10 μm, that is, the target exhaust gas particles. The target exhaust gas particles are transported into the corona charging chamber and given a certain charge; the charged target exhaust gas particles enter the cascade impactor. Among them, the cascade impactor is composed of a plurality of collection trays of different sizes, each collection tray corresponds to a specific particle size range, and each collection tray is equipped with a sensitive electrometer. When the charged target exhaust gas particles pass through the impactor, due to the different particle sizes and inertial characteristics of the target exhaust gas particles, they have different motion trajectories when passing through the impactor, and therefore will be collected on different collection trays. When the charged target exhaust particles hit the collection plate, a tiny charge change occurs. The electrometer detects and records the charge change data of each target exhaust particle. Finally, by analyzing the charge change data of each target exhaust particle, the number distribution of target exhaust particles of different particle sizes is obtained, that is, the exhaust sample particle size distribution of the first exhaust particle sample is obtained.

[0032] It should be noted that the analysis method of the particle size distribution of different particle sizes of the first non-exhaust particulate matter is the same as the analysis method of the number distribution of different particle sizes of the first exhaust particulate matter mentioned above. For details, please refer to the particle size distribution analysis process of the first exhaust particulate matter sample mentioned above, which will not be repeated in the present application embodiment. In addition, in this example embodiment, the first preset particle size is 8μm~12μm, and the above embodiment is illustrated by taking the first preset particle size of 10μm as an example, so it does not limit the specific application scenario.

[0033] Furthermore, in this example embodiment, the particle size distribution analysis process of the first exhaust particulate matter sample may also directly use a particle size analyzer to obtain a particle size distribution result, that is, the particle size analysis module 210 in this example embodiment may be a particle size analyzer.

[0034] Also, in the embodiment of the present application, the purpose of separating the exhaust gas particulate matter by a particle cutter is to separate the first exhaust gas particles larger than 10 μm from the airflow. The first exhaust gas particles larger than 10 μm are generally called dust. These particles can settle to the ground in a relatively short time under the action of gravity. This part is less harmful to the human body, so the embodiment of the present application mainly studies the particles less than or equal to 10 μm.

[0035] Furthermore, in the case where the second particulate matter sample includes a second exhaust particulate matter sample and a second non-exhaust particulate matter sample, the above-mentioned particle number statistics module 220 is specifically used to: dilute and dry the second exhaust particulate matter sample and the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample, respectively, and dilute the second exhaust particulate matter sample and the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample after drying again, respectively; count the number of particles of the second exhaust particulate matter sample and the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample after dilution again, and obtain the number of exhaust sample particles corresponding to the second exhaust particulate matter sample and the number of non-exhaust sample particles corresponding to the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample, respectively.

[0036] It is understandable that, for example, in order to prevent the volatile components or water in the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample from forming liquid condensation, the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample is first diluted by a primary particle diluter, and then oxidized in a catalytic stripper at 350°C to achieve drying. After that, the dried second non-exhaust particulate matter sample passes through a secondary particle diluter, and the number of particles is measured using a condensation particle counter (CPC) algorithm.

[0037] Among them, the condensation particle counting algorithm is used to measure the number of particles. Specifically, the second exhaust particle sample and the second non-exhaust particle sample that have been diluted again are respectively put into the optical detection area, and the second exhaust particle sample and the second non-exhaust particle sample in the optical detection area are respectively captured by the detector to obtain the number of exhaust sample particles and the number of non-exhaust sample particles, respectively.

[0038] It can be further understood that the working principle of the condensation particle counting algorithm is that when the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample passes through a chamber containing supersaturated vapor (usually a volatile liquid such as isopropanol or butanol), the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample acts as a condensation nucleus, and the supersaturated vapor condenses into droplets on the surface of the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample. Since the volume of the droplets is much larger than the volume of the original particles, the originally invisible tiny particles become visible. The second non-exhaust particulate matter sample with increased volume is transported to the optical detection area, and scattered light is generated by a laser beam. The scattered light is captured by the detector and converted into an electrical signal, and the number of particles in the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample can be calculated.

[0039] It should be noted that the principle of counting the number of particles in the second exhaust particulate matter sample by the particle number statistics module 220 is consistent with the statistical principle of the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample by the above-mentioned particle number statistics module 220. For specific details, please refer to the particle number statistics process of the above-mentioned second non-exhaust particulate matter sample, which will not be repeated in the embodiments of the present application.

[0040] Furthermore, the particle number counting module 220 may be a particle number analyzer, which counts the particle numbers of the second exhaust particle sample and the second non-exhaust particle sample to obtain the particle numbers of the second exhaust particle sample and the second non-exhaust particle sample. In addition, in this exemplary embodiment, the particle sizes of the second non-exhaust particle sample and the second exhaust particle sample counted by the particle number counting module 220 are 10 nm to 1000 nm.

[0041] Furthermore, in the case where the third particulate matter sample includes a third exhaust particulate matter sample and a third non-exhaust particulate matter sample, the above-mentioned mass analysis module 230 is specifically used to: obtain the mass difference of the exhaust gas retention device before and after the preset time period, and obtain the number of exhaust gas sample particles corresponding to the third exhaust gas particulate matter sample; obtain the mass difference of the non-exhaust gas retention device before and after the preset time period, and obtain the number of non-exhaust sample particles corresponding to the third non-exhaust particulate matter sample.

[0042] It is understandable that if the automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system 200 includes two mass analysis modules 230, one mass analysis module 230 includes an exhaust interception device for intercepting the third exhaust particulate matter sample; the other mass analysis module 230 includes a non-exhaust interception device for intercepting the third non-exhaust particulate matter sample. If the automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system 200 includes one mass analysis module 230, the mass analysis module 230 includes an exhaust interception device and a non-exhaust interception device.

[0043] It is further understood that both the tail gas interception device and the non-tail gas interception device can use filter paper; the filter paper can effectively intercept the third tail gas particulate matter sample and the third non-tail gas particulate matter sample, has good physical and chemical stability, and can effectively prevent the third tail gas particulate matter sample or the third non-tail gas particulate matter sample from penetrating and leaking. It can also maintain good performance in a wet state, ensuring that it is not easily affected by humidity during the sampling process, and can ensure the accuracy of the data to a certain extent.

[0044] For example, before conveying the third exhaust particulate matter sample to the exhaust gas retention device, the exhaust gas retention device (filter paper) is weighed to obtain a first mass value; after conveying the third exhaust particulate matter sample to the exhaust gas retention device, the exhaust gas retention device (filter paper) is weighed to obtain a second mass value; the difference between the second mass value and the first mass value is calculated to obtain the mass of the third exhaust particulate matter sample.

[0045] It should be noted that the ability of the filter paper to intercept the third exhaust particulate matter sample or the third non-exhaust particulate matter sample depends on the type and pore size of the filter paper. Therefore, it is necessary to select appropriate filter paper according to the required test purpose. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the type and pore size of the filter paper, which is subject to the actual application scenario.

[0046] In addition, in order to collect the exhaust gas particles and non-exhaust gas particles generated in real time during the driving process of the automobile, the above-mentioned automobile exhaust and non-exhaust gas particle detection system 200 may also include an exhaust gas sampling device and a non-exhaust gas sampling device. Among them, the exhaust gas sampling device may include an exhaust gas sampling probe and an exhaust gas sampling tube, the exhaust gas sampling tube is arranged on the automobile near the exhaust gas emission pipe, one end of the exhaust gas sampling tube is connected to the exhaust gas sampling probe, and the other end is connected to the exhaust gas collection bottle, and the exhaust gas collection bottle is connected to a first air pump; the exhaust gas collection bottle is used to collect the exhaust gas particles generated by the automobile during driving, and the exhaust gas particles in the exhaust gas collection bottle include the first exhaust gas particle sample, the second exhaust gas particle sample and the third exhaust gas particle sample that are completely the same; the first air pump delivers the first exhaust gas particle sample to the particle size analysis module 210, the second exhaust gas particle sample to the particle number statistics module 220, and the third exhaust gas particle sample to the exhaust gas interception device through the connecting pipe at intervals of a preset time period.

[0047] The non-exhaust sampling device may include a non-exhaust sampling probe and a non-exhaust sampling tube. The non-exhaust sampling probe is set on the car near the tires and brake pads of the car. One end of the non-exhaust sampling tube is connected to the non-exhaust sampling probe, and the other end is connected to the non-exhaust collecting bottle. The non-exhaust collecting bottle is connected to a second air pump. The non-exhaust collecting bottle is used to collect non-exhaust particulate matter generated by the car during driving, and the exhaust particulate matter in the non-exhaust collecting bottle includes a completely identical first non-exhaust particulate matter sample, a second non-exhaust particulate matter sample and a third non-exhaust particulate matter sample; the second air pump delivers the first non-exhaust particulate matter sample to the particle size analysis module 210, the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample to the particle number statistics module 220, and the third non-exhaust particulate matter sample to the non-exhaust interception device through the connecting tube at preset time intervals.

[0048] It is understandable that the first air pump and the second air pump in the embodiment of the present application can be turned on at the same time or at intervals. If the first air pump and the second air pump are turned on at the same time, the automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system 200 may include a particle size analysis module 210, a particle number statistics module 220, and a mass analysis module 230 for detecting exhaust particulate matter, and a particle size analysis module 210, a particle number statistics module 220, a mass analysis module 230 for detecting non-exhaust particulate matter, and a feature analysis module 240 for summary analysis; wherein the mass analysis module 230 for detecting exhaust particulate matter includes an exhaust interception device, and the mass analysis module 230 for detecting non-exhaust particulate matter includes a non-exhaust interception device. During the detection, the first air pump is controlled to start and the second air pump is controlled to start at the same time. The first air pump delivers the first exhaust particle sample in the exhaust collection bottle to the particle size analysis module 210, the second exhaust particle sample to the particle number statistics module 220, and the third exhaust particle sample to the exhaust interception device at a preset interval, and the exhaust sample particle size distribution, exhaust sample particle number and exhaust sample particle mass of the exhaust emission particles are obtained respectively. The second air pump delivers the first non-exhaust particle sample in the non-exhaust collection bottle to the particle size analysis module 210, the second non-exhaust particle sample to the particle number statistics module 220, and the third non-exhaust particle sample to the non-exhaust interception device at a preset interval, and the non-exhaust sample particle size distribution, non-exhaust sample particle number and non-exhaust sample particle mass of the non-exhaust emission particles are obtained respectively. Afterwards, the characteristic analysis module 240 obtains the emission characteristics of the exhaust particulate matter and non-exhaust particulate matter of the automobile within a preset time period based on the exhaust sample particle size distribution, the exhaust sample particle number, the exhaust sample particle mass, the non-exhaust sample particle size distribution, the non-exhaust sample particle number and the non-exhaust sample particle mass. At the same time, the first air pump and the second air pump are turned off.

[0049] If the first air pump and the second air pump are turned on at intervals, the automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system 200 may include a particle size analysis module 210, a particle number statistics module 220, a mass analysis module 230, and a feature analysis module 240. Among them, the mass analysis module 230 includes an exhaust interception device and a non-exhaust interception device. During the detection, first, the first air pump is controlled to be turned on, and the first air pump transports the first exhaust particulate matter sample in the exhaust collection bottle to the particle size analysis module 210, the second exhaust particulate matter sample to the particle number statistics module 220, and the third exhaust particulate matter sample to the exhaust interception device, and obtains the exhaust sample particle size distribution, the exhaust sample particle number, and the exhaust sample particle mass, respectively. Afterwards, the second air pump is controlled to start, and the second air pump delivers the first non-exhaust particulate matter sample in the non-exhaust collection bottle to the particle size analysis module 210, the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample to the particle number counting module 220, and the third non-exhaust particulate matter sample to the non-exhaust interception device, and obtains the non-exhaust sample particle size distribution, the number of non-exhaust sample particles, and the mass of non-exhaust sample particles respectively. Finally, the characteristic analysis module 240 obtains the emission characteristics of the exhaust particulate matter and non-exhaust particulate matter of the automobile within a preset time period based on the exhaust sample particle size distribution, the number of exhaust sample particles, the mass of exhaust sample particles, the non-exhaust sample particle size distribution, the number of non-exhaust sample particles, and the mass of non-exhaust sample particles. At the same time, the first air pump and the second air pump are turned off.

[0050] It should be noted that the embodiment of the present application can control the flow rate in the connecting pipe by adjusting the power output of the first air pump and the second air pump to ensure that a suitable flow rate is obtained during the collection process and the detection. In the embodiment of the present application, a pitot tube flowmeter can also be included, and the pitot tube flowmeter is used to measure the flow rate of the first air pump delivering the first exhaust particle sample to the particle size analysis module 210, the second exhaust particle sample to the particle number statistics module 220, and the third exhaust particle sample to the mass analysis module 230, so as to ensure that the first exhaust particle sample, the second exhaust particle sample and the third exhaust particle sample are exactly the same, and / or for measuring the flow rate of the second air pump delivering the first non-exhaust particle sample to the particle size analysis module 210, the second non-exhaust particle sample to the particle number statistics module 220, and the third non-exhaust particle sample to the mass analysis module 230, so as to ensure that the first non-exhaust particle sample, the second non-exhaust particle sample and the third non-exhaust particle sample are exactly the same.

[0051] The Pitot tube flowmeter is referred to as the Pitot tube for short, and works based on the Bernoulli principle. In the embodiment of the present application, a Pitot tube is set in the exhaust gas collection bottle and the non-exhaust gas collection bottle respectively. A small hole (total pressure hole) is set on the head of the Pitot tube directly facing the direction of fluid flow. When the fluid flows into the total pressure hole, the velocity of the fluid is forced to drop to zero. According to the Bernoulli equation, the pressure at this point is the total pressure, and the total pressure is the static pressure of the fluid plus the dynamic pressure increased due to movement. There are several small holes (static pressure holes) on the side of the Pitot tube. The distribution direction of these static pressure holes is perpendicular to the flow direction of the fluid, which is used to measure the static pressure of the fluid. Static pressure refers to the pressure value without considering the influence of flow velocity. It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, the fluid refers to the air containing the particulate matter sample.

[0052] When the particle sample passes through the Pitot tube, the total pressure hole is subjected to a higher pressure than the static pressure hole. By measuring the pressure difference between the total pressure hole and the static pressure hole ( ), and the static pressure difference is obtained; the flow rate of the particle sample can be determined according to the Bernoulli equation. That is, the flow rate of the particle sample is calculated according to formula (1): (1) Where, v is the flow velocity in m / s; Indicates static pressure difference; Represents the density of the fluid.

[0053] Then, the flow rate (Q) of the particle sample is calculated using formula (2): (2) Where Q is the flow rate in m 3 / s; A represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the fluid passing through the Pitot tube, in m 2 .

[0054] In addition, the exhaust gas sampling probe and the non-exhaust gas sampling probe in this example embodiment both have smooth inner walls and good sealing properties, which can reduce the adhesion of exhaust gas particles and non-exhaust gas particles on their respective corresponding tube walls, and to a certain extent can ensure that the collected exhaust gas particles and non-exhaust gas particles can all be transported to the corresponding exhaust gas collection bottles and non-exhaust gas collection bottles, providing good data support for the subsequent analysis of the emission characteristics of the automobile.

[0055] Also, during the driving process of the car, in order to collect the non-exhaust particulate matter generated to the greatest extent, two non-exhaust sampling probes can be installed on the car, one of which is set near the contact surface between the car tire and the ground, and the other non-exhaust sampling probe is set near the car brake pad, so that the two non-exhaust sampling probes can more directly capture the particulate matter generated by the tire and brake pad, and further provide good data support for the subsequent analysis of the emission characteristics of the car. Among them, in the embodiment of the present application, the two non-exhaust sampling probes are respectively connected to the non-exhaust collection bottle.

[0056] The automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system 200 disclosed in the embodiment of the present application analyzes the particle size of the first particulate matter sample through the particle size analysis module 210 to obtain the sample particle size distribution; the particle number of the second particulate matter sample is counted through the particle number statistics module 220 to obtain the sample particle number; the particle mass of the third particulate matter sample is counted through the mass analysis module 230 to obtain the sample particle mass; the sample particle size distribution, sample particle number and sample particle mass obtained by synchronous analysis within a preset time are summarized and analyzed through the feature analysis module 240 to obtain the emission characteristics of the automobile within the preset time period; on the one hand, the particle size analysis module 210, the particle number statistics module 220 and the mass analysis module 230 mounted on the automobile are used to analyze the particle size distribution, the sample particle number and the sample particle mass obtained by synchronous analysis within a preset time period. The quantity analysis module 230 performs synchronous detection on the particulate matter samples, which can reduce the errors caused by manual operations during the collection and detection process, and can ensure the accuracy of the emission detection results to a certain extent, and provide more accurate data support for the subsequent analysis of automobile emission characteristics; on the other hand, through the particle size analysis module 210, the particle number statistics module 220, and the mass analysis module 230, the particle size, particle number, and particle mass of the exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter generated by the automobile within a preset time period can be synchronously analyzed, and more comprehensive automobile emission data can be obtained, which provides good data support for the feature analysis module 240 to summarize and analyze the emission characteristics of the automobile within a preset time, and can effectively improve the research and accuracy of automobile emission characteristics.

[0057] In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, in order to more comprehensively analyze the emission characteristics of automobile exhaust and non-exhaust, the above-mentioned automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system 200 may also include a driving characteristic acquisition module. The driving characteristic acquisition module is mounted on the automobile and is used to collect road condition parameters and driving parameters of the automobile during driving within a preset time period; the road condition parameters include road surface flatness, traffic flow speed and traffic flow density; the driving parameters include driving routes and driving speeds; the characteristic analysis module 240 is also specifically used to obtain the emission characteristics of the automobile under different road conditions, driving routes and driving speeds within a preset time period based on the sample particle size distribution, sample particle quantity, sample particle quality, road condition parameters and driving parameters obtained by synchronous analysis within a preset time period.

[0058] It should be noted that the driving characteristics acquisition module can be a vehicle-mounted GPS, which records the driving trajectory of the car in real time on the actual road, provides accurate geographic location information, and collects vehicle speed data. Combined with the road surface flatness, traffic flow speed and traffic density, the emission characteristics of the car under different speeds, different road conditions and different road types are analyzed. For example, the number, composition, particle size distribution and number of exhaust particulate matter emitted by the car are analyzed in combination with different driving styles (intense, soft, ordinary), acceleration and deceleration, average speed and speed fluctuation, and the emission characteristics of the car in a preset time period are obtained. In addition, based on the emission characteristics of the car in the preset time period, driving suggestions for reducing particulate matter emissions can be put forward, such as encouraging soft driving, avoiding sudden acceleration and deceleration, etc.

[0059] In other embodiments, the above-mentioned automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system 200 may further include a temperature and humidity sensor; the temperature and humidity sensor may be used to detect and record the ambient temperature and humidity data during the particulate matter sample sampling process in real time.

[0060] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application also provides a method for detecting automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter for realizing the automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system 200 involved above. The implementation scheme for solving the problem provided by the automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection method is similar to the implementation scheme recorded in the above system, so the specific limitations in the embodiment of the automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection method provided below can refer to the limitations of the automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system 200 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0061] In an exemplary embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, a method for detecting automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter is provided, the method comprising step S310 and step S320, specifically, Step S310: Obtain the sample particle size distribution, sample particle quantity, and sample particle mass obtained by synchronous analysis within a preset time.

[0062] It should be noted that the sample particle size distribution is obtained by the particle size analysis module 210 , the sample particle quantity is obtained by the particle quantity statistics module 220 , and the sample particle mass is obtained by the mass analysis module 230 .

[0063] Step S320: Based on the obtained sample particle size distribution, sample particle quantity, and sample particle mass, the emission characteristics of the vehicle within a preset time period are obtained.

[0064] In the embodiment of the present application, the characteristic analysis module 240 in the above system is used to obtain the sample particle size distribution, the number of sample particles, and the mass of the sample particles, and the emission characteristics of the automobile within a preset time period are analyzed and summarized.

[0065] It should be noted that the above-mentioned particle size analysis module 210, particle number statistics module 220, mass analysis module 230 and feature analysis module 240 have been described in detail in the above-mentioned system embodiments. Please refer to the detailed description of the above-mentioned embodiments for details, and the embodiments of this application will not be repeated here.

[0066] In the embodiment of the present application, the particle size analysis module, particle number statistics module, and mass analysis module installed in the automobile are used to synchronously detect particulate matter samples, which can reduce errors caused by manual operations during the collection and detection process, and to a certain extent, can ensure the accuracy of the emission detection results, providing more accurate data support for the subsequent analysis of automobile emission characteristics; the particle size analysis module, particle number statistics module, and mass analysis module can be used to synchronously analyze the particle size, particle number, and particle mass of exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter generated by the automobile within a preset time period, and more comprehensive automobile emission data can be obtained, which provides good data support for the characteristic analysis module to summarize and analyze the emission characteristics of the automobile within a preset time, and can effectively improve the research and accuracy of automobile emission characteristics.

[0067] As an optional implementation, the above method also includes: controlling the first air pump to turn on or off, so that the exhaust gas collection bottle can transport the first exhaust gas particle sample to the particle size analysis module, transport the second exhaust gas particle sample to the particle number statistics module, and transport the third exhaust gas particle sample to the exhaust gas interception device through the first air pump; controlling the second air pump to turn on or off, so that the non-exhaust gas collection bottle can transport the first non-exhaust gas particle sample to the particle size analysis module, transport the second non-exhaust gas particle sample to the particle number statistics module, and transport the third non-exhaust gas particle sample to the non-exhaust interception device through the second air pump.

[0068] As an optional implementation, the above method also includes: obtaining road condition parameters and driving parameters collected by a driving characteristic collection module mounted on the vehicle; road condition parameters include road surface flatness, traffic flow speed and traffic flow density; driving parameters include driving route and driving speed; based on the acquired sample particle size distribution, sample particle quantity, sample particle quality, road condition parameters and driving parameters, obtaining the emission characteristics of the vehicle under different road conditions, driving routes and driving speeds within a preset time.

[0069] It should be noted that by obtaining the road condition parameters and driving parameters of the car during driving, the exhaust gas and non-exhaust particulate matter generated by the car under different road conditions can be collected and analyzed, thereby providing data support for more in-depth research on the particulate matter emission characteristics of the car under different road conditions and vehicle speeds.

[0070] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection method are implemented.

[0071] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-mentioned automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection method.

[0072] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided. The computer device may be a server or a terminal. The internal structure diagram thereof may be as follows: Figure 3 As shown. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, an input / output interface (Input / Output, referred to as I / O) and a communication interface. The processor, the memory and the input / output interface are connected through a system bus, and the communication interface is connected to the system bus through the input / output interface. The processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The database of the computer device is used to store sample particle size distribution data, sample particle quantity data, sample particle quality data and emission characteristics of the car within a preset time period. The input / output interface of the computer device is used to exchange information between the processor and an external device. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal through a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, a method for detecting automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter is implemented.

[0073] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 3 The structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of a part of the structure related to the solution of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the solution of the present application is applied. The specific computer device may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.

[0074] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is further provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor implements the steps in the above-mentioned method embodiments when executing the computer program.

[0075] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, storing a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the above method embodiments are implemented.

[0076] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the above method embodiments are implemented.

[0077] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of relevant data must comply with relevant regulations.

[0078] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, any reference to the memory, database or other medium used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM may be in various forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM).

[0079] The database involved in each embodiment provided in this application may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. The non-relational database may include a distributed database based on blockchain, etc., but is not limited thereto. The processor involved in each embodiment provided in this application may be a general-purpose processor, a central processing unit, a graphics processor, a digital signal processor, a programmable logic device, a data processing logic device based on quantum computing, etc., but is not limited thereto.

[0080] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0081] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting this application.

Claims

1. A vehicle exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system, characterized in that: The automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system is mounted on an automobile and is used to collect exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter generated in real time during the driving of the automobile, and uses the exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter collected within a preset time period as particulate matter samples, and detects the particulate matter samples, wherein the particulate matter samples include a first particulate matter sample, a second particulate matter sample, and a third particulate matter sample that are completely identical; The automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system comprises: A particle size analysis module, used to analyze the particle size of the first particulate matter sample to obtain a sample particle size distribution; A particle number counting module, used for counting the number of particles in the second particulate matter sample to obtain the number of sample particles; A mass analysis module, used for collecting statistics on the particle mass of the third particle sample to obtain the sample particle mass; The characteristic analysis module is used to obtain the emission characteristics of the automobile within a preset time period based on the sample particle size distribution, the sample particle quantity and the sample particle mass obtained by synchronous analysis within a preset time period.

2. The automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first particulate matter sample includes a first exhaust particulate matter sample and a first non-exhaust particulate matter sample; The particle size analysis module is specifically used for: Separating particles larger than a first preset particle size from the first exhaust particulate matter sample and the first non-exhaust particulate matter sample respectively to obtain target exhaust particulate matter and target non-exhaust particulate matter; respectively imparting an electric charge to each of the target exhaust particulate matter and the target non-exhaust particulate matter, and passing the charged target exhaust particulate matter and the target non-exhaust particulate matter through an impactor, respectively, and collecting them in an exhaust particulate matter collection tray and a non-exhaust particulate matter collection tray in turn; The charge changes of the target exhaust particulate matter in the exhaust particulate matter collecting tray and the target non-exhaust particulate matter in the non-exhaust particulate matter collecting tray are detected and recorded respectively, and the exhaust sample particle size distribution corresponding to the first exhaust particulate matter sample and the non-exhaust sample particle size distribution corresponding to the first non-exhaust particulate matter sample are obtained.

3. The automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The second particulate matter sample includes a second exhaust particulate matter sample and a second non-exhaust particulate matter sample; The particle number statistics module is specifically used for: Diluting and drying the second exhaust particulate matter sample and the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample respectively, and diluting the dried second exhaust particulate matter sample and the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample again respectively; The particle numbers of the second exhaust particulate matter sample and the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample after further dilution are counted to obtain the exhaust sample particle number corresponding to the second exhaust particulate matter sample and the non-exhaust sample particle number corresponding to the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample, respectively.

4. The automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The particle number statistics module is further specifically used for: The second exhaust particulate matter sample and the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample that have been diluted again are respectively put into the optical detection area, and the second exhaust particulate matter sample and the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample in the optical detection area are respectively captured by a detector to obtain the number of particles in the exhaust sample and the number of particles in the non-exhaust sample.

5. The automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The third particulate matter sample includes a third exhaust particulate matter sample and a third non-exhaust particulate matter sample; The mass analysis module includes a tail gas interception device and a non-tail gas interception device, and the mass analysis module is specifically used for: Obtaining a mass difference of the exhaust gas interception device before and after a preset time period, and obtaining the number of exhaust gas sample particles corresponding to the third exhaust gas particulate matter sample; The mass difference of the non-exhaust gas interception device before and after the preset time period is obtained to obtain the number of non-exhaust gas sample particles corresponding to the third non-exhaust gas particulate matter sample.

6. The automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system also includes: An exhaust gas sampling device comprises an exhaust gas sampling probe and an exhaust gas sampling tube, wherein the exhaust gas sampling tube is arranged on a vehicle near an exhaust gas emission pipe, one end of the exhaust gas sampling tube is connected to the exhaust gas sampling probe, and the other end is connected to an exhaust gas collecting bottle, wherein the exhaust gas collecting bottle is connected to a first air pump; the exhaust gas collecting bottle is used to collect exhaust gas particulate matter generated during driving of the vehicle, and the exhaust gas particulate matter in the exhaust gas collecting bottle comprises the first exhaust gas particulate matter sample, the second exhaust gas particulate matter sample and the third exhaust gas particulate matter sample which are completely the same; the first air pump delivers the first exhaust gas particulate matter sample to the particle size analysis module, delivers the second exhaust gas particulate matter sample to the particle number statistics module, and delivers the third exhaust gas particulate matter sample to the exhaust gas interception device through a connecting tube at intervals of a preset time period; A non-exhaust sampling device comprises a non-exhaust sampling probe and a non-exhaust sampling tube, wherein the non-exhaust sampling probe is arranged on the vehicle near the tires and brake pads of the vehicle, one end of the non-exhaust sampling tube is connected to the non-exhaust sampling probe, and the other end is connected to a non-exhaust collecting bottle, wherein the non-exhaust collecting bottle is connected to a second air pump; the non-exhaust collecting bottle is used to collect non-exhaust particulate matter generated by the vehicle during driving, and the exhaust particulate matter in the non-exhaust collecting bottle comprises the first non-exhaust particulate matter sample, the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample and the third non-exhaust particulate matter sample which are completely the same; the second air pump delivers the first non-exhaust particulate matter sample to the particle size analysis module, the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample to the particle number statistics module, and the third non-exhaust particulate matter sample to the non-exhaust interception device through a connecting tube at preset time intervals.

7. The automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system also includes: A driving characteristic acquisition module, mounted on the vehicle, is used to collect road condition parameters and driving parameters of the vehicle during driving within a preset time period; the road condition parameters include road surface flatness, traffic flow speed and traffic flow density; the driving parameters include driving route and driving speed; The characteristic analysis module is also specifically used to obtain the sample particle size distribution, the sample particle quantity, the sample particle mass, the road condition parameters and the driving parameters based on synchronous analysis within a preset time period, and obtain the emission characteristics of the car under different road conditions, driving routes and driving speeds within a preset time period.

8. A method for detecting automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter, characterized in that: The automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection method is applied to the automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and the method comprises: Obtaining the sample particle size distribution, sample particle quantity, and sample particle quality obtained by synchronous analysis within a preset time; wherein the sample particle size distribution is obtained by a particle size analysis module, the sample particle quantity is obtained by a particle quantity statistics module, and the sample particle quality is obtained by a quality analysis module; Based on the obtained sample particle size distribution, the sample particle quantity, and the sample particle mass, the emission characteristics of the automobile within a preset time period are obtained.

9. The method for detecting automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter according to claim 8, characterized in that: The automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection method further comprises: Controlling the first air pump to be turned on or off, so that the first air pump delivers a first exhaust particulate matter sample to the particle size analysis module, delivers a second exhaust particulate matter sample to the particle number statistics module, and delivers a third exhaust particulate matter sample to the exhaust interception device through a connecting pipe; The second air pump is controlled to be turned on or off so that the second air pump delivers the first non-exhaust particulate matter sample to the particle size analysis module, delivers the second non-exhaust particulate matter sample to the particle number statistics module, and delivers the third non-exhaust particulate matter sample to the non-exhaust retention device through the connecting pipe.

10. The method for detecting automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter according to claim 8, characterized in that: The automobile exhaust and non-exhaust particulate matter detection method further comprises: Acquire road condition parameters and driving parameters collected by a driving characteristic collection module mounted on the vehicle; the road condition parameters include road surface flatness, traffic flow speed and traffic flow density; the driving parameters include driving route and driving speed; Based on the acquired sample particle size distribution, the sample particle quantity, the sample particle mass, the road condition parameters and the driving parameters, the emission characteristics of the vehicle under different road conditions, driving routes and driving speeds within a preset time are obtained.

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