Glass antenna and vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides a glass antenna and a vehicle. The glass antenna comprises a glass body, an antenna radiator and a first functional unit. The antenna radiator is arranged on one surface of the glass body, the first function unit is arranged on the other surface of the glass body, and the first function unit and the antenna radiator are arranged in a stacked mode. The orthographic projection of the first functional unit on the plane where the antenna radiator is located covers at least part of the antenna radiator, and the first functional unit is used for changing the radiation energy distribution condition of the antenna radiator. The first functional unit comprises at least three first sub-functional units, every two adjacent first sub-functional units are arranged at intervals and are coupled, and the equivalent circuit of the first functional unit comprises at least two first sub-equivalent circuits. The glass antenna and the vehicle provided by the invention are beneficial to improving the communication performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of vehicle communication technology, and in particular to a glass antenna and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the development of vehicle technology, more and more antennas are configured inside the vehicle or inside the vehicle glass, which results in part of the antenna's radiation energy being blocked and communication performance being deteriorated. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present application provides a glass antenna and a vehicle that are beneficial to improving communication performance.

[0004] In one aspect, the present application provides a glass antenna, comprising:

[0005] Glass body;

[0006] an antenna radiator, disposed on a surface of the glass body; and

[0007] A first functional unit is arranged on the other surface of the glass body and is stacked with the antenna radiator. The orthographic projection of the first functional unit on the surface where the antenna radiator is located covers at least a portion of the antenna radiator. The first functional unit is used to change the distribution of radiation energy of the antenna radiator. The first functional unit includes at least three first sub-functional units, and two adjacent first sub-functional units are spaced and coupled. The equivalent circuit of the first functional unit includes at least two first sub-equivalent circuits, and each of the first sub-equivalent circuits includes a first equivalent capacitor and at least one first equivalent inductor.

[0008] In a possible embodiment, the at least two first sub-equivalent circuits are connected in parallel, and the first equivalent capacitor and the first equivalent inductor are connected in series; or, the at least two first sub-equivalent circuits are connected in series, and the first equivalent capacitor and the first equivalent inductor are connected in parallel.

[0009] In a possible embodiment, the first equivalent capacitor is formed between two adjacent first sub-functional units in the equivalent circuit of the first functional unit, and part of the first sub-functional units forms the first equivalent inductor in the equivalent circuit of the first functional unit.

[0010] In a possible embodiment, the first sub-functional unit has a shape of a circular sheet, a rectangular sheet, a square sheet, a circular ring, a rectangular ring, a square ring, or a symmetrical G-shaped ring.

[0011] In a possible embodiment, the at least three first sub-functional units are arranged sequentially along the first direction.

[0012] In a possible embodiment, the at least three first sub-functional units include at least two first sub-functional units arranged along a second direction and at least two first sub-functional units arranged along a third direction, and the second direction intersects the third direction.

[0013] In a possible embodiment, the first functional unit includes at least four first sub-functional units, and the at least four first sub-functional units are arranged in a two-dimensional array.

[0014] In a possible embodiment, the first functional unit includes at least six first sub-functional units, which are respectively located in a plurality of different periodic regions, each periodic region includes at least three first sub-functional units, and the sizes of the first sub-functional units in different periodic regions are different.

[0015] In a possible embodiment, all of the antenna radiators are used to generate a resonant current supporting a target frequency band under the excitation of a signal source, and the orthographic projection of the first functional unit on the surface where the antenna radiator is located covers all of the antenna radiators.

[0016] In a possible embodiment, the first part of the antenna radiator is used to generate a resonant current supporting a first frequency band under the excitation of a signal source, and the second part of the antenna radiator is used to generate a resonant current supporting a second frequency band under the excitation of the signal source; the orthographic projection of the first functional unit on the surface where the antenna radiator is located covers the first part of the antenna radiator, but does not cover the second part of the antenna radiator, or the orthographic projection of the first functional unit on the surface where the antenna radiator is located covers the second part of the antenna radiator, but does not cover the first part of the antenna radiator; or the orthographic projection of the first functional unit on the surface where the antenna radiator is located covers the first part of the antenna radiator and the second part of the antenna radiator.

[0017] In a possible embodiment, the glass antenna further includes a second functional unit, the second functional unit and the first functional unit are arranged on the same surface of the glass body, or the second functional unit and the first functional unit are arranged on different surfaces of the glass body, and the second functional unit, the antenna radiator and the first functional unit are stacked in sequence, the orthographic projection of the second functional unit on the surface where the antenna radiator is located covers at least a portion of the antenna radiator, the second functional unit is used to change the distribution of radiation energy of the antenna radiator, the second functional unit includes at least three second sub-functional units, two adjacent second sub-functional units are arranged at intervals and coupled, the equivalent circuit of the second functional unit includes at least two second sub-equivalent circuits, each of the second sub-equivalent circuits includes a second equivalent capacitor and at least one second equivalent inductor; the at least two second sub-equivalent circuits are connected in parallel, and the second equivalent capacitor and the second equivalent inductor are connected in series, or the at least two second sub-equivalent circuits are connected in series, and the second equivalent capacitor and the second equivalent inductor are connected in parallel.

[0018] In a possible embodiment, the second functional unit, the antenna radiator and the first functional unit are stacked in sequence, and one of the second functional unit and the first functional unit is used to produce a conduction effect on the incident electromagnetic waves, and the other of the second functional unit and the first functional unit is used to produce a blocking effect on the incident electromagnetic waves.

[0019] In a possible embodiment, the shape of the second functional unit is different from that of the first functional unit, or the shape of the second functional unit is the same as that of the first functional unit.

[0020] On the other hand, the present application also provides a vehicle, including a signal source and the glass antenna, wherein the signal source is electrically connected to the antenna radiator.

[0021] In a possible embodiment, the first functional unit is close to the outer side of the vehicle relative to the antenna radiator, and the first functional unit is used to conduct the electromagnetic waves generated by the antenna radiator, or the first functional unit is close to the inner side of the vehicle relative to the antenna radiator, and the first functional unit is used to block the electromagnetic waves generated by the antenna radiator.

[0022] The glass antenna provided by the present application includes a glass body, an antenna radiator and a first functional unit. The first functional unit is stacked with the antenna radiator. The orthographic projection of the first functional unit on the surface where the antenna radiator is located covers at least a part of the antenna radiator. The first functional unit includes at least three first sub-functional units. Adjacent first sub-functional units are arranged at intervals and coupled. The equivalent circuit of the first functional unit includes at least two first sub-equivalent circuits, each of which includes a first equivalent capacitor and at least one first equivalent inductor. In this way, the first functional unit can conduct electromagnetic wave signals in a specific frequency band, block electromagnetic wave signals in other frequency bands, or block electromagnetic wave signals in a specific frequency band, that is, it can change the radiation energy distribution of the antenna radiator. When applied to a vehicle, by making the first functional unit conduct high-frequency electromagnetic wave signals, the effect of increasing the radiation energy in the upper hemisphere can be achieved, or by making the first functional unit block low-frequency electromagnetic wave signals, the effect of weakening the radiation energy in the lower hemisphere can be achieved, thereby improving the communication performance between the glass antenna and the external device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a glass antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 Another structural schematic diagram of the glass antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 A first structural schematic diagram of a first functional unit in a glass antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 4 A second structural schematic diagram of the first functional unit in the glass antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 5 A third structural schematic diagram of the first functional unit in the glass antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 6 A fourth structural schematic diagram of the first functional unit in the glass antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 7 A fifth structural schematic diagram of the first functional unit in the glass antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 8A sixth structural schematic diagram of the first functional unit in the glass antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Fig. 9 for Figure 3 An equivalent circuit diagram of a first sub-functional unit in the first functional unit shown;

[0033] Fig.10 for Figure 6 An equivalent circuit diagram of a first sub-functional unit in the first functional unit shown;

[0034] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of another structure of the glass antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of another structure of the glass antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Fig.13 for Fig.12 The glass antenna shown also includes a structural schematic diagram of a second functional unit;

[0037] Fig.14 for Figure 2 The glass antenna shown also includes a structural schematic diagram of a second functional unit.

[0038] Description of reference numerals:

[0039] Glass antenna 100; glass body 10; antenna radiator 20; first functional unit 30; outer surface 101; inner surface 102; outer glass plate 103; inner glass plate 104; first surface 130; second surface 131; third surface 140; fourth surface 141; first sub-functional unit 301; first sub-equivalent circuit 302; first equivalent capacitor 320; first equivalent inductor 321; periodic region 303; second functional unit 40; second sub-functional unit 401. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solution provided by the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described in the present application are only a part of the embodiments, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments described in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0041] Reference to "embodiments" in this application means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative to other embodiments. It can be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0042] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example: a component or device including one or more parts is not limited to the one or more parts listed, but may optionally include one or more parts that are not listed but inherent to the exemplified product, or one or more parts that it should have based on the described function.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a glass antenna 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 Another structural schematic diagram of the glass antenna 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application. The vehicle provided in the present application includes but is not limited to a car, a bus, a truck, a tractor, a special transport vehicle and a special vehicle. The vehicle includes a signal source and a glass antenna 100. Of course, the vehicle may also include body sheet metal, wheels, a chassis, an engine and the like. The glass antenna 100 includes a glass body 10, an antenna radiator 20 and a first functional unit 30.

[0044] The signal source is electrically connected to the antenna radiator 20 of the glass antenna 100. The signal source provides a radio frequency signal to the antenna radiator 20, which excites the antenna radiator 20 to generate a corresponding resonant current, thereby achieving communication. The signal source may be located inside the vehicle. The signal source and the antenna radiator 20 may be directly electrically connected, or indirectly electrically connected. In an embodiment in which the signal source and the antenna radiator 20 are directly electrically connected, the signal source and the feeding point of the antenna radiator 20 may be welded together. In an embodiment in which the signal source and the antenna radiator 20 are indirectly electrically connected, the signal source and the feeding point of the antenna radiator 20 may be connected by at least one electrical connector such as a coaxial line, a microstrip line, a conductive spring, a conductive adhesive, a circuit board, or the like.

[0045] The glass body 10 may be single-layer glass, laminated glass, or multi-layer glass. Figure 1As shown, the glass body 10 is a single-layer glass, and the glass body 10 includes an outer surface 101 and an inner surface 102 that are arranged opposite to each other, wherein the outer surface 101 faces the outside of the vehicle, and the inner surface 102 faces the inside of the vehicle. In another possible embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, the glass body 10 is a laminated glass, and the glass body 10 includes an outer glass plate 103 and an inner glass plate 104 which are stacked, the outer glass plate 103 includes a first surface 130 and a second surface 131 which are arranged opposite to each other, and the inner glass plate 104 includes a third surface 140 and a fourth surface 141 which are arranged opposite to each other, the first surface 130 of the outer glass plate 103 faces the outside of the vehicle, and the fourth surface 141 of the inner glass plate 104 faces the inside of the vehicle, and the second surface 131 of the outer glass plate 103 and the third surface 140 of the inner glass plate 104 can be connected by an adhesive layer.

[0046] The antenna radiator 20 is a conductor with a specific electrical length. The material of the antenna radiator 20 is a conductive material, including but not limited to metal, or alloy, etc. The shape of the antenna radiator 20 includes but is not limited to strip, sheet, or film, etc. The extension method of the antenna radiator 20 includes but is not limited to straight extension, curve extension, or bending extension, etc. The width of the antenna radiator 20 can be uniform, gradual, or sudden. When divided according to the communication function realized by the antenna radiator 20, the antenna radiator 20 includes but is not limited to a 5G antenna radiator, or a WIFI antenna radiator, or a V2X (vehicle to vehicle) antenna radiator, or a UWB (ultra-wideband) antenna radiator, or a Bluetooth antenna radiator, or a GPS antenna radiator, or an ETC antenna radiator, etc.

[0047] The antenna radiator 20 is disposed on one surface of the glass body 10. Specifically, in an embodiment where the glass body 10 is a single-layer glass, the antenna radiator 20 may be disposed on the inner surface 102 of the glass body 10, or the antenna radiator 20 may be disposed on the outer surface 101 of the glass body 10. In an embodiment where the glass body 10 is a laminated glass, the antenna radiator 20 may be disposed on the fourth surface 141 of the inner glass plate 104, or the antenna radiator 20 may be disposed on the third surface 140 of the inner glass plate 104, or the antenna radiator 20 may be disposed on the second surface 131 of the outer glass plate 103, or the antenna radiator 20 may be disposed on the first surface 130 of the outer glass plate 103.

[0048] The first functional unit 30 is disposed on another surface of the glass body 10 and is stacked with the antenna radiator 20. Specifically, in an embodiment where the glass body 10 is a single-layer glass and the antenna radiator 20 is disposed on the inner surface 102 of the glass body 10, the first functional unit 30 may be disposed on the outer surface 101 of the glass body 10. In an embodiment where the glass body 10 is a single-layer glass and the antenna radiator 20 is disposed on the outer surface 101 of the glass body 10, the first functional unit 30 may be disposed on the inner surface 102 of the glass body 10. In an embodiment where the glass body 10 is a laminated glass and the antenna radiator 20 is disposed on the fourth surface 141 of the inner glass plate 104, the first functional unit 30 may be disposed on the second surface 131 of the outer glass plate 103, or the first functional unit 30 may be disposed on the first surface 130 of the outer glass plate 103, or the first functional unit 30 may be disposed on the third surface 140 of the inner glass plate 104. In the embodiment where the glass body 10 is a laminated glass and the antenna radiator 20 is disposed on the third surface 140 of the inner glass plate 104, the first functional unit 30 may be disposed on the second surface 131 of the outer glass plate 103, or the first functional unit 30 may be disposed on the first surface 130 of the outer glass plate 103, or the first functional unit 30 may be disposed on the fourth surface 141 of the inner glass plate 104. In the embodiment where the glass body 10 is a laminated glass and the antenna radiator 20 is disposed on the second surface 131 of the outer glass plate 103, the first functional unit 30 may be disposed on the first surface 130 of the outer glass plate 103, or the first functional unit 30 may be disposed on the third surface 140 of the inner glass plate 104, or the first functional unit 30 may be disposed on the fourth surface 141 of the inner glass plate 104. In the embodiment where the glass body 10 is a laminated glass and the antenna radiator 20 is disposed on the first surface 130 of the outer glass plate 103, the first functional unit 30 may be disposed on the second surface 131 of the outer glass plate 103, or the first functional unit 30 may be disposed on the third surface 140 of the inner glass plate 104, or the first functional unit 30 may be disposed on the fourth surface 141 of the inner glass plate 104. The first functional unit 30 and the antenna radiator 20 are stacked and disposed, which can be understood as the first functional unit 30 and the antenna radiator 20 being disposed along the thickness direction of the glass body 10.

[0049] The orthographic projection of the first functional unit 30 on the surface where the antenna radiator 20 is located covers at least part of the antenna radiator 20. Optionally, the orthographic projection of the first functional unit 30 on the surface where the antenna radiator 20 is located covers part of the antenna radiator 20, or the orthographic projection of the first functional unit 30 on the surface where the antenna radiator 20 is located covers the entire antenna radiator 20.

[0050] The first functional unit 30 is used to change the radiation energy distribution of the antenna radiator 20. In a possible embodiment, the first functional unit 30 is used to change the radiation energy distribution of the antenna radiator 20, which may be that the first functional unit 30 is used to make the radiation energy of the antenna radiator 20 radiate more toward the outside of the glass body 10. In another possible embodiment, the first functional unit 30 is used to change the radiation energy distribution of the antenna radiator 20, which may be that the first functional unit 30 is used to make the radiation energy of the antenna radiator 20 radiate less toward the inside of the glass body 10. The inside of the glass body 10 is the interior space of the vehicle, and the outside of the glass body 10 is the exterior space of the vehicle.

[0051] Please refer to Figures 3 to 8 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a first structure of the first functional unit 30 in the glass antenna 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 This is a second structural diagram of the first functional unit 30 in the glass antenna 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application, Figure 5 This is a third structural schematic diagram of the first functional unit 30 in the glass antenna 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 This is a fourth structural schematic diagram of the first functional unit 30 in the glass antenna 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application, Figure 7 This is a fifth structural diagram of the first functional unit 30 in the glass antenna 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 The sixth structural schematic diagram of the first functional unit 30 in the glass antenna 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application. The first functional unit 30 includes at least three first sub-functional units 301. Two adjacent first sub-functional units 301 are spaced and coupled. It can be understood that the number of first sub-functional units 301 is greater than or equal to three. The present application does not specifically limit the number of first sub-functional units 301. For example, the number of first sub-functional units 301 can be four, or six, or nine, or twelve, or sixteen, or twenty, or twenty-five, or thirty, or thirty-six, or forty-two, or forty-nine, or fifty-six, or sixty-four, or seventy-two, or eighty-one, or ninety, or one hundred, or one hundred and seventeen, or one hundred and twenty-one, or two hundred, etc.

[0052] The shapes of the first sub-functional units 301 may be the same or different. The shapes of the first sub-functional units 301 include but are not limited to round sheets, rectangular sheets, square sheets, circular rings, rectangular rings, square rings, symmetrical G-shaped rings (such as Figure 4As shown), other symmetrical shapes, special shapes, etc. The sizes of each first sub-functional unit 301 may be the same, or may be different. In the embodiment of the present application, the same size of the first sub-functional unit 301 can be understood as the same area of ​​the first sub-functional unit 301. The spacing distance between two adjacent first sub-functional units 301 may be the same, that is, the first sub-functional units 301 in the first functional unit 30 are arranged at equal intervals, or the spacing distance between two adjacent first sub-functional units 301 may be different, that is, the first sub-functional units 301 in the first functional unit 30 are arranged at non-equal intervals. The present application does not make a specific limitation on the spacing distance between two adjacent first sub-functional units 301. By way of example, to ensure good coupling performance, the spacing distance between two adjacent first sub-functional units 301 may be less than 5 mm.

[0053] In an embodiment where the first sub-functional units 301 in the first functional unit 30 are arranged at equal intervals, the intervals between any two adjacent first sub-functional units 301 are the same. In an embodiment where the first sub-functional units 301 in the first functional unit 30 are arranged at non-equal intervals, the intervals between the first sub-functional units 301 may have a regularity of gradually increasing along a specific direction, or a regularity of gradually decreasing, or a regularity of first increasing and then decreasing, or a regularity of first decreasing and then increasing, or a regularity of changing without a specific regularity, etc.

[0054] Each first sub-functional unit 301 is conductive, that is, the material of the first sub-functional unit 301 is a conductive material, including but not limited to metal or alloy, etc. The material of the first sub-functional unit 301 and the material of the antenna radiator 20 can be the same or different.

[0055] The coupling between two adjacent first sub-functional units 301 may be understood as the mutual transmission of radiation energy between the two adjacent first sub-functional units 301 .

[0056] Please refer to Fig. 9 and Fig.10 , Fig. 9 for Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of the first sub-functional unit 301 in the first functional unit 30. Fig.10 for Figure 6 The equivalent circuit diagram of the first sub-functional unit 301 in the first functional unit 30 is shown. The equivalent circuit of the first functional unit 30 includes at least two first sub-equivalent circuits 302 , each of which includes a first equivalent capacitor 320 and at least one first equivalent inductor 321 .

[0057] The number of first sub-equivalent circuits 302 may be equal to the number of first sub-functional units 301 minus one. A first equivalent capacitor 320 is formed between two adjacent first sub-functional units 301, that is, the spacing between two adjacent first sub-functional units 301 may be equivalent to a capacitor element in the equivalent circuit of the first functional unit 30. It can be understood that two adjacent first sub-functional units 301 are capacitively coupled. The first sub-functional unit 301 itself forms at least one first equivalent inductor 321, that is, the first sub-functional unit 301 itself may be equivalent to one or more inductor elements in the equivalent circuit of the first functional unit 30. In other words, a first equivalent capacitor 320 is formed between two adjacent first sub-functional units 301 in the equivalent circuit of the first functional unit 30, and a portion of the first sub-functional unit 301 forms a first equivalent inductor 321 in the equivalent circuit of the first functional unit 30.

[0058] The at least two first sub-equivalent circuits 302 are connected in parallel, and the first equivalent capacitor 320 and the first equivalent inductor 321 are connected in series; or, the at least two first sub-equivalent circuits 302 are connected in series, and the first equivalent capacitor 320 and the first equivalent inductor 321 are connected in parallel.

[0059] In a possible embodiment, Fig. 9 As shown, at least two first sub-equivalent circuits 302 are connected in parallel, and the first equivalent capacitor 320 and the first equivalent inductor 321 are connected in series. In this embodiment, the equivalent circuit of the first functional unit 30 includes a plurality of first sub-equivalent circuits 302 connected in parallel, and each first sub-equivalent circuit 302 includes a first equivalent capacitor 320 and a first equivalent inductor 321 connected in series. In other words, the equivalent circuit of the first functional unit 30 is an equivalent series-parallel circuit.

[0060] In another possible embodiment, Fig.10 As shown, at least two first sub-equivalent circuits 302 are connected in series, and the first equivalent capacitor 320 and the first equivalent inductor 321 are connected in parallel. In this embodiment, the equivalent circuit of the first functional unit 30 includes a plurality of first sub-equivalent circuits 302 connected in series, and each first sub-equivalent circuit 302 includes a first equivalent capacitor 320 and a first equivalent inductor 321 connected in parallel. In other words, the equivalent circuit of the first functional unit 30 is an equivalent series-parallel circuit.

[0061] The glass antenna 100 provided in the present application includes a glass body 10, an antenna radiator 20 and a first functional unit 30, wherein the first functional unit 30 is stacked with the antenna radiator 20, and the orthographic projection of the first functional unit 30 on the surface where the antenna radiator 20 is located covers at least a portion of the antenna radiator 20, the first functional unit 30 includes at least three first sub-functional units 301, and adjacent first sub-functional units 301 are arranged at intervals and coupled, and the equivalent circuit of the first functional unit 30 includes at least two first sub-equivalent circuits 302, each of which includes a first equivalent capacitor 320 and at least one first equivalent inductor 321, and at least two first sub-equivalent circuits 302 are connected in parallel, and the first equivalent capacitor 320 and the first equivalent inductor 321 are connected in series, or at least two first sub-equivalent circuits 302 are connected in parallel. The circuits 302 are connected in series, and the first equivalent capacitor 320 and the first equivalent inductor 321 are connected in parallel, that is, the first functional unit 30 as a whole forms an equivalent series-parallel circuit, so that the first functional unit 30 can have a conducting effect on electromagnetic wave signals in a specific frequency band, and have a blocking effect on electromagnetic wave signals in other frequency bands, or have a blocking effect on electromagnetic wave signals in a specific frequency band, that is, it can change the radiation energy distribution of the antenna radiator 20. When applied to a vehicle, by making the first functional unit 30 conduct high-frequency electromagnetic wave signals, the effect of increasing the radiation energy in the upper hemisphere can be achieved, or by making the first functional unit 30 have a blocking effect on low-frequency electromagnetic wave signals, the effect of weakening the radiation energy in the lower hemisphere can be achieved, thereby improving the communication performance between the glass antenna 100 and external devices.

[0062] It can be understood that, through the design of the first functional unit 30 , the radiation energy distribution of the antenna radiator 20 can be affected, thereby designing the radiation pattern of the glass antenna 100 so that the glass antenna 100 has good outward radiation performance.

[0063] The following embodiment describes the glass antenna 100 provided in the present application in detail based on the arrangement of the first sub-functional units 301 in the first functional unit 30 .

[0064] In one possible embodiment, please refer to Figures 3 to 7 The at least three first sub-functional units 301 are arranged in sequence along the first direction. The first direction may be along the width direction of the glass body 10, or along the length direction of the glass body 10, or the first direction may intersect with the width direction of the glass body 10 and the length direction of the glass body 10, or the first direction may be the circumferential direction of the glass body 10.

[0065] Optionally, when viewed from the shapes of the at least three first sub-functional units 301, the shapes of the at least three first sub-functional units 301 may be the same, or may be different. When viewed from the sizes of the at least three first sub-functional units 301, the sizes of the at least three first sub-functional units 301 may be the same, or may be different. When viewed from the arrangement of the at least three first sub-functional units 301, the at least three first sub-functional units 301 may be arranged at equal intervals, or at non-equal intervals.

[0066] In this embodiment, while the first functional unit 30 can change the distribution of the radiation energy of the antenna radiator 20, the structure of the first functional unit 30 is simple, which is conducive to production and manufacturing, and is conducive to covering more parts of the antenna radiator 20 along the first direction. The size of the first equivalent capacitor 320 can be adjusted by changing the spacing distance between two adjacent first sub-functional units 301, and the size of the first equivalent inductor 321 can be adjusted by changing the shape and size of the first sub-functional unit 301, so that the resonance point of the equivalent circuit of the first functional unit 30 can be adjusted, resulting in the effect of improving the communication performance of a specific frequency band.

[0067] In another possible embodiment, please refer to Figures 3 to 7 The at least three first sub-functional units 301 include at least two first sub-functional units 301 arranged along the second direction and at least two first sub-functional units 301 arranged along the third direction, and the second direction intersects the third direction.

[0068] In this embodiment, the second direction and the third direction may be perpendicular, or the second direction and the third direction may intersect but not perpendicular. Optionally, one of the second direction and the third direction may be along the width direction of the glass body 10, and the other of the second direction and the third direction may be along the length direction of the glass body 10; or, one of the second direction and the third direction may be along the width direction of the glass body 10, and the other of the second direction and the third direction may intersect with the width direction of the glass body 10 and the length direction of the glass body 10; or, one of the second direction and the third direction may be along the length direction of the glass body 10, and the other of the second direction and the third direction may intersect with the width direction of the glass body 10 and the length direction of the glass body 10; or, both of the second direction and the third direction may intersect with the width direction of the glass body 10 and the length direction of the glass body 10.

[0069] Optionally, from the perspective of the shapes of the at least three first sub-functional units 301, the shapes of the at least two first sub-functional units 301 arranged along the second direction may be the same or different, and the shapes of the at least two first sub-functional units 301 arranged along the third direction may be the same or different. From the perspective of the sizes of the at least three first sub-functional units 301, the sizes of the at least two first sub-functional units 301 arranged along the second direction may be the same or different, and the sizes of the at least two first sub-functional units 301 arranged along the third direction may be the same or different. From the perspective of the arrangement of the at least three first sub-functional units 301, the at least two first sub-functional units 301 arranged along the second direction may be arranged at equal intervals or at non-equal intervals, and the at least two first sub-functional units 301 arranged along the third direction may be arranged at equal intervals or at non-equal intervals.

[0070] In this embodiment, while the first functional unit 30 can change the distribution of the radiation energy of the antenna radiator 20, the structure of the first functional unit 30 is simple, which is conducive to production and manufacturing, and is conducive to covering more parts of the antenna radiator 20 along the second direction and the third direction. The size of the first equivalent capacitor 320 can be adjusted by changing the spacing between two adjacent first sub-functional units 301 arranged along the second direction or the third direction, and the size of the first equivalent inductor 321 can be adjusted by changing the shape and size of the first sub-functional unit 301, so that the resonance point of the equivalent circuit of the first functional unit 30 can be adjusted to achieve the effect of improving communication performance in a specific frequency band.

[0071] In a third possible embodiment, please refer to Figures 3 to 7 The first functional unit 30 includes at least four first sub-functional units 301, and the at least four first sub-functional units 301 are arranged in a two-dimensional array.

[0072] Optionally, the at least four first sub-functional units 301 are arranged in a square array, or the at least four first sub-functional units 301 are arranged in a rectangular array, or the at least four first sub-functional units 301 are arranged in a circular array. The square array includes but is not limited to a 2×2 array, a 3×3 array, a 4×4 array, a 5×5 array, a 6×6 array, a 7×7 array, an 8×8 array, a 9×9 array, a 10×10 array, a 11×11 array, etc. The rectangular array includes but is not limited to a 2×3 array, a 2×4 array, a 3×4 array, a 2×5 array, a 3×5 array, a 4×5 array, a 2×6 array, a 3×6 array, a 4×6 array, a 7×8 array, a 8×9 array, a 9×6 array, a 10×7 array, a 11×12 array, a 13×9 array, a 13×12 array, etc.

[0073] In this embodiment, when viewed from the shapes of the at least four first sub-functional units 301, the shapes of the at least four first sub-functional units 301 may be the same, or may be different. When viewed from the sizes of the at least four first sub-functional units 301, the sizes of the at least four first sub-functional units 301 may be the same, or may be different. When viewed from the arrangement of the at least four first sub-functional units 301, the at least four first sub-functional units 301 may be arranged at equal intervals, or at non-equal intervals.

[0074] In this embodiment, while realizing that the first functional unit 30 can change the distribution of the radiation energy of the antenna radiator 20, the first functional unit 30 can cover more antenna radiators 20, so that more incident electromagnetic waves can be conducted or blocked, so as to more effectively change the distribution of the radiation energy of the antenna radiator 20. Similarly, the size of the first equivalent capacitor 320 can be adjusted by changing the distance between two adjacent first sub-functional units 301, and the size of the first equivalent inductor 321 can be adjusted by changing the shape and size of the first sub-functional unit 301, so that the resonance point of the equivalent circuit of the first functional unit 30 can be adjusted to achieve the effect of improving communication performance in a specific frequency band.

[0075] In a fourth possible embodiment, if Figure 8 As shown, the first functional unit 30 includes at least six first sub-functional units 301, which are respectively located in a plurality of different periodic regions 303, each periodic region 303 includes at least three first sub-functional units 301, and the sizes of the first sub-functional units 301 in different periodic regions 303 are different. The equivalent circuit of each periodic region 303 includes at least two first sub-equivalent circuits 302, and the equivalent circuits of each periodic region 303 can be connected in series or in parallel.

[0076] Optionally, the first sub-functional unit 301 has two periodic regions 303, which are described as the first periodic region and the second periodic region, respectively. In this embodiment, the first functional unit 30 includes at least six first sub-functional units 301. At least three first sub-functional units 301 are located in the first periodic region, and at least three first sub-functional units 301 are located in the second periodic region. The at least three first sub-functional units 301 located in the first periodic region have the same size, the at least three first sub-functional units 301 located in the second periodic region have the same size, and the size of the first sub-functional unit 301 located in the first periodic region is different from the size of the first sub-functional unit 301 located in the second periodic region. Among them, the shape of the first sub-functional unit 301 located in the first periodic region can be the same as or different from the shape of the first sub-functional unit 301 located in the second periodic region. The spacing between two adjacent first sub-functional units 301 located in the first periodic region and the spacing between two adjacent first sub-functional units 301 located in the second periodic region can be the same as or different. In this embodiment, the equivalent circuit of the first periodic region includes at least two first sub-equivalent circuits 302, and the equivalent circuit of the second periodic region includes at least two first sub-equivalent circuits 302. The equivalent circuit of the first periodic region and the equivalent circuit of the second periodic region can be connected in series or in parallel.

[0077] Optionally, the first sub-functional unit 301 has four periodic regions 303, which are described as the third periodic region, the fourth periodic region, the fifth periodic region and the sixth periodic region. In this embodiment, the first functional unit 30 includes at least twelve first sub-functional units 301. At least three first sub-functional units 301 are located in the third periodic region, at least three first sub-functional units 301 are located in the fourth periodic region, at least three first sub-functional units 301 are located in the fifth periodic region, and at least three first sub-functional units 301 are located in the sixth periodic region. The at least three first sub-functional units 301 located in the third periodic region have the same size, the at least three first sub-functional units 301 located in the fourth periodic region have the same size, the at least three first sub-functional units 301 located in the fifth periodic region have the same size, and the at least three first sub-functional units 301 located in the sixth periodic region have the same size, and the size of the first sub-functional unit 301 located in the third periodic region, the size of the first sub-functional unit 301 located in the fourth periodic region, the size of the first sub-functional unit 301 located in the fifth periodic region, and the size of the first sub-functional unit 301 located in the sixth periodic region are different. The shapes of the first sub-functional units 301 in the third periodic region, the shapes of the first sub-functional units 301 in the fourth periodic region, the shapes of the first sub-functional units 301 in the fifth periodic region, and the shapes of the first sub-functional units 301 in the sixth periodic region may be the same or different. The spacing between two adjacent first sub-functional units 301 in the third periodic region, the spacing between two adjacent first sub-functional units 301 in the fourth periodic region, the spacing between two adjacent first sub-functional units 301 in the fifth periodic region, and the spacing between two adjacent first sub-functional units 301 in the sixth periodic region may be the same or different. In this embodiment, the equivalent circuit of the third periodic region includes at least two first sub-equivalent circuits 302, the equivalent circuit of the fourth periodic region includes at least two first sub-equivalent circuits 302, the equivalent circuit of the fifth periodic region includes at least two first sub-equivalent circuits 302, and the equivalent circuit of the sixth periodic region includes at least two first sub-equivalent circuits 302. The equivalent circuit of the third periodic region, the equivalent circuit of the fourth periodic region, the equivalent circuit of the fifth periodic region, and the equivalent circuit of the sixth periodic region can be connected in series or in parallel.

[0078] In this embodiment, the overall first functional unit 30 is non-uniform and non-periodic, but the multiple first sub-functional units 301 in the same periodic area 303 are uniform and periodic. Therefore, by changing the distance between two adjacent first sub-functional units 301 in a single or multiple periodic areas 303, the size of the first equivalent capacitance 320 corresponding to the periodic area 303 can be adjusted accordingly. By changing the shape and size of the first sub-functional unit 301 in a single or multiple periodic areas 303, the size of the first equivalent inductance 321 corresponding to the periodic area 303 can be adjusted, thereby correspondingly changing the radiation energy distribution of a part of the radiation area of ​​the antenna radiator 20, which is suitable for improving the communication performance of the antenna radiator 20 supporting multi-band communication in any frequency band.

[0079] The following embodiments describe the glass antenna 100 provided in the present application in detail based on the covering relationship between the first functional unit 30 and the antenna radiator 20 .

[0080] In one possible embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 All of the antenna radiators 20 are used to generate a resonant current supporting a target frequency band under the excitation of a signal source, and the orthographic projection of the first functional unit 30 on the surface where the antenna radiator 20 is located covers all of the antenna radiators 20 .

[0081] Optionally, the target frequency band may be located at a high frequency, that is, the target frequency band may be a frequency band greater than 3 GHz. In a possible embodiment, the target frequency band may be located within a frequency band range of 3 GHz to 5 GHz. In this embodiment, the size of the first functional unit 30 may be greater than or equal to the size of the antenna radiator 20. Among them, the first functional unit 30 may have a bandpass characteristic in the target frequency band, that is, the first functional unit 30 can pass the electromagnetic wave signal of the target frequency band; or, the first functional unit 30 may have a bandstop characteristic in the target frequency band, that is, the first functional unit 30 has the effect of hindering the passage of the electromagnetic wave signal of the target frequency band.

[0082] In this embodiment, when the glass antenna 100 is applied to a vehicle, if the first functional unit 30 is located on the outside of the antenna radiator 20, that is, the first functional unit 30 is relatively close to the outside of the vehicle, and the antenna radiator 20 is relatively close to the inside of the vehicle, the first functional unit 30 can have a bandpass characteristic in the target frequency band, and if the first functional unit 30 is located on the inside of the antenna radiator 20, that is, the first functional unit 30 is relatively close to the inside of the vehicle, and the antenna radiator 20 is relatively close to the outside of the vehicle, the first functional unit 30 can have a bandstop characteristic in the target frequency band, so that the outward radiation energy of the glass antenna 100 of the vehicle can be increased, or the inward radiation energy can be reduced, both of which can improve the communication performance of the glass antenna 100 and the external device. In other words, the first functional unit 30 is close to the outside of the vehicle relative to the antenna radiator 20, and the first functional unit 30 has a conduction effect on the electromagnetic waves generated by the antenna radiator 20, or the first functional unit 30 is close to the inside of the vehicle relative to the antenna radiator 20, and the first functional unit 30 has a blocking effect on the electromagnetic waves generated by the antenna radiator 20.

[0083] All antenna radiators 20 are used to generate resonant current supporting the target frequency band under the excitation of the signal source. The first functional unit 30's orthographic projection on the surface where the antenna radiator 20 is located covers all the antenna radiators 20, so that the first functional unit 30 has a conduction or obstruction effect on the electromagnetic waves radiated from any position of the antenna radiator 20. In this way, the energy distribution of the antenna radiator 20 can be changed to the maximum extent, thereby improving the effect of improving the communication performance.

[0084] In another possible embodiment, please refer to Fig.11 and Fig.12 , Fig.11 This is another structural schematic diagram of the glass antenna 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application. Fig.12 Another structural schematic diagram of the glass antenna 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The first part of the antenna radiator 20 is used to generate a resonant current supporting a first frequency band under the excitation of a signal source, and the second part of the antenna radiator 20 is used to generate a resonant current supporting a second frequency band under the excitation of a signal source; the orthographic projection of the first functional unit 30 on the surface where the antenna radiator 20 is located covers the first part of the antenna radiator 20, but does not cover the second part of the antenna radiator 20, or the orthographic projection of the first functional unit 30 on the surface where the antenna radiator 20 is located covers the second part of the antenna radiator 20, but does not cover the first part of the antenna radiator 20.

[0085] Among them, the first frequency band is different from the second frequency band. Optionally, the first frequency band may be located at a high frequency, that is, the first frequency band may be a frequency band greater than 3 GHz. In a possible embodiment, the first frequency band may be located in a frequency band range of 3 GHz to 5 GHz. The second frequency band may be located in a low frequency, or a medium-high frequency, that is, the second frequency band may be a frequency band less than 3 GHz. In a possible embodiment, the second frequency band may be located in a low frequency range less than 1 GHz. Of course, in other possible embodiments, the second frequency band may also be located in a medium-high frequency range greater than 1 GHz and less than 3 GHz. In this embodiment, the size of the first functional unit 30 may be smaller than the size of the antenna radiator 20.

[0086] In the embodiment where the orthographic projection of the first functional unit 30 on the surface where the antenna radiator 20 is located covers the first part of the antenna radiator 20 and does not cover the second part of the antenna radiator 20, the first functional unit 30 may have a bandpass characteristic in the first frequency band, that is, the first functional unit 30 can pass the electromagnetic wave signal in the first frequency band, or the first functional unit 30 may have a bandstop characteristic in the first frequency band, that is, the first functional unit 30 has the effect of blocking the electromagnetic wave signal in the first frequency band from passing. Similar to the above embodiment, when the glass antenna 100 is applied to a vehicle, if the first functional unit 30 is located on the outside of the antenna radiator 20, the first functional unit 30 may have a bandpass characteristic in the first frequency band, and if the first functional unit 30 is located on the inside of the antenna radiator 20, the first functional unit 30 may have a bandstop characteristic in the first frequency band.

[0087] In the embodiment where the orthographic projection of the first functional unit 30 on the surface where the antenna radiator 20 is located covers the second part of the antenna radiator 20, but does not cover the first part of the antenna radiator 20, the first functional unit 30 may have a bandpass characteristic in the second frequency band, that is, the first functional unit 30 can pass the electromagnetic wave signal in the second frequency band, or the first functional unit 30 may have a bandstop characteristic in the second frequency band, that is, the first functional unit 30 has the effect of blocking the electromagnetic wave signal in the second frequency band from passing. Similar to the above embodiment, when the glass antenna 100 is applied to a vehicle, if the first functional unit 30 is located on the outside of the antenna radiator 20, the first functional unit 30 may have a bandpass characteristic in the second frequency band, and if the first functional unit 30 is located on the inside of the antenna radiator 20, the first functional unit 30 may have a bandstop characteristic in the second frequency band.

[0088] Of course, the orthographic projection of the first functional unit 30 on the surface where the antenna radiator 20 is located may also cover the first part of the antenna radiator 20 and the second part of the antenna radiator 20. At this time, the first functional unit 30 may have a bandpass characteristic in at least one of the first frequency band and the second frequency band, or the first functional unit 30 may have a bandstop characteristic in at least one of the first frequency band and the second frequency band.

[0089] Different parts of the antenna radiator 20 of the present embodiment can generate resonant currents of different frequency bands. Therefore, by making the first functional unit 30 only cover part of the antenna radiator 20, it is possible to improve the communication performance of the glass antenna 100 in a specific frequency band and take into account the miniaturization of the first functional unit 30, which is beneficial for hiding the first functional unit 30 when applied to a vehicle and improving the neatness of the appearance of the glass antenna 100.

[0090] The following embodiments describe the glass antenna 100 provided in the present application in detail based on a solution that the glass antenna 100 includes multiple functional units.

[0091] In one possible embodiment, please refer to Fig.13 and Fig.14 , Fig.13 for Fig.12 The glass antenna 100 shown also includes a structural schematic diagram of a second functional unit 40, Fig.14 for Figure 2 The glass antenna 100 shown in the figure further includes a structural schematic diagram of a second functional unit 40. The glass antenna 100 further includes a second functional unit 40. The second functional unit 40 and the first functional unit 30 are arranged on the same surface of the glass body 10, or the second functional unit 40 and the first functional unit 30 are arranged on different surfaces of the glass body 10, and the second functional unit 40, the antenna radiator 20 and the first functional unit 30 are stacked in sequence. The orthographic projection of the second functional unit 40 on the surface where the antenna radiator 20 is located covers at least part of the antenna radiator 20, and the second functional unit 40 is used to change the distribution of the radiation energy of the antenna radiator 20. The second functional unit 40 includes at least three second sub-functional units 401, and two adjacent second sub-functional units 401 are arranged at intervals and coupled. The equivalent circuit of the second functional unit 40 includes at least two second sub-equivalent circuits, and each of the second sub-equivalent circuits includes a second equivalent capacitor and at least one second equivalent inductor. The at least two second sub-equivalent circuits are connected in parallel, and the second equivalent capacitor and the second equivalent inductor are connected in series; or, the at least two second sub-equivalent circuits are connected in series, and the second equivalent capacitor and the second equivalent inductor are connected in parallel.

[0092] In this embodiment, the second functional unit 40 and the first functional unit 30 may be disposed on the same side of the antenna radiator 20, or the second functional unit 40 and the first functional unit 30 may be disposed on opposite sides of the antenna radiator 20. Optionally, in an embodiment where the glass body 10 is a single-layer glass and the antenna radiator 20 is disposed on the inner surface 102 of the glass body 10, the second functional unit 40 and the first functional unit 30 may both be disposed on the outer surface 101 of the glass body 10. In an embodiment where the glass body 10 is a single-layer glass and the antenna radiator 20 is disposed on the outer surface 101 of the glass body 10, the second functional unit 40 and the first functional unit 30 may both be disposed on the inner surface 102 of the glass body 10. In the embodiment where the glass body 10 is a laminated glass and the antenna radiator 20 is disposed on the fourth surface 141 of the inner glass plate 104, the second functional unit 40 and the first functional unit 30 may both be disposed on the third surface 140 of the inner glass plate 104, or on the second surface 131 of the outer glass plate 103, or on the first surface 130 of the outer glass plate 103, or the second functional unit 40 and the first functional unit 30 may be disposed on any two of the third surface 140 of the inner glass plate 104, the second surface 131 of the outer glass plate 103, and the first surface 130 of the outer glass plate 103, respectively. In the embodiment where the glass body 10 is a laminated glass and the antenna radiator 20 is disposed on the third surface 140 of the inner glass plate 104, the second functional unit 40 and the first functional unit 30 may both be disposed on the fourth surface 141 of the inner glass plate 104, or on the second surface 131 of the outer glass plate 103, or on the first surface 130 of the outer glass plate 103, or the second functional unit 40 and the first functional unit 30 may be disposed on any two of the fourth surface 141 of the inner glass plate 104, the second surface 131 of the outer glass plate 103, and the first surface 130 of the outer glass plate 103, respectively. In the embodiment where the glass body 10 is a laminated glass and the antenna radiator 20 is disposed on the second surface 131 of the outer glass plate 103, the second functional unit 40 and the first functional unit 30 may both be disposed on the fourth surface 141 of the inner glass plate 104, or on the third surface 140 of the inner glass plate 104, or on the first surface 130 of the outer glass plate 103, or the second functional unit 40 and the first functional unit 30 may be disposed on any two of the fourth surface 141 of the inner glass plate 104, the third surface 140 of the inner glass plate 104, and the first surface 130 of the outer glass plate 103, respectively.In the embodiment where the glass body 10 is a laminated glass and the antenna radiator 20 is disposed on the first surface 130 of the outer glass plate 103, the second functional unit 40 and the first functional unit 30 may both be disposed on the fourth surface 141 of the inner glass plate 104, or on the third surface 140 of the inner glass plate 104, or on the second surface 131 of the outer glass plate 103, or the second functional unit 40 and the first functional unit 30 may be disposed on any two of the fourth surface 141 of the inner glass plate 104, the third surface 140 of the inner glass plate 104, and the second surface 131 of the outer glass plate 103, respectively.

[0093] The orthographic projection of the second functional unit 40 on the surface where the antenna radiator 20 is located may cover part of the antenna radiator 20, or the orthographic projection of the second functional unit 40 on the surface where the antenna radiator 20 is located may cover all of the antenna radiator 20. In a possible embodiment, the second functional unit 40 is used to change the distribution of the radiation energy of the antenna radiator 20, which may be that the second functional unit 40 is used to make the radiation energy of the antenna radiator 20 radiate more toward the outside of the glass body 10. In another possible embodiment, the second functional unit 40 is used to change the distribution of the radiation energy of the antenna radiator 20, which may be that the second functional unit 40 is used to make the radiation energy of the antenna radiator 20 radiate less toward the inside of the glass body 10.

[0094] The number of the second sub-functional units 401 is greater than or equal to three. The present application does not specifically limit the number of the second sub-functional units 401. Exemplarily, the number of the second sub-functional units 401 may be four, or six, or nine, or twelve, or sixteen, or twenty, or twenty-five, or thirty, or thirty-six, or forty-two, or forty-nine, or fifty-six, or sixty-four, or seventy-two, or eighty-one, or ninety, or one hundred, or one hundred and seventeen, or one hundred and twenty-one, etc. The number of the second sub-functional units 401 may be the same as the number of the first sub-functional units 301, or may be different.

[0095] Among them, the shapes of each second sub-functional unit 401 can be the same or different. The shapes of the second sub-functional unit 401 include but are not limited to being disc-shaped, rectangular sheet-shaped, square sheet-shaped, circular ring-shaped, rectangular ring-shaped, square ring-shaped, symmetrical G-shaped ring, other symmetrical shapes, special-shaped shapes, etc. The sizes of each second sub-functional unit 401 can be the same or different. The spacing distance between two adjacent second sub-functional units 401 can be the same, or the spacing distance between two adjacent second sub-functional units 401 can be different. The present application does not make specific restrictions on the spacing distance between two adjacent second sub-functional units 401. For example, to ensure good coupling performance, the spacing distance between two adjacent second sub-functional units 401 can be less than 5mm.

[0096] Each second sub-functional unit 401 is conductive, that is, the material of the second sub-functional unit 401 is a conductive material, including but not limited to metal or alloy, etc. The material of the second sub-functional unit 401 can be the same as or different from the material of the first sub-functional unit 301 .

[0097] The coupling between two adjacent second sub-functional units 401 may be understood as mutual transmission of radiation energy between the two adjacent second sub-functional units 401 .

[0098] The number of second sub-equivalent circuits can be equal to the number of second sub-functional units 401 minus one. A second equivalent capacitor is formed between two adjacent second sub-functional units 401, that is, the spacing between two adjacent second sub-functional units 401 can be equivalent to a capacitor element in the equivalent circuit of the second functional unit 40. It can be understood that there is capacitive coupling between two adjacent second sub-functional units 401. The second sub-functional unit 401 itself forms at least one second equivalent inductor, that is, the second sub-functional unit 401 itself can be equivalent to one or more inductor elements in the equivalent circuit of the second functional unit 40.

[0099] In a possible embodiment, at least two second sub-equivalent circuits are connected in parallel, and the second equivalent capacitor and the second equivalent inductor are connected in series. In this embodiment, the equivalent circuit of the second functional unit 40 includes a plurality of second sub-equivalent circuits connected in parallel, and each second sub-equivalent circuit includes a second equivalent capacitor and a second equivalent inductor connected in series. In other words, the equivalent circuit of the second functional unit 40 is an equivalent series-parallel circuit.

[0100] In another possible embodiment, at least two second sub-equivalent circuits are connected in series, and the second equivalent capacitor and the second equivalent inductor are connected in parallel. In this embodiment, the equivalent circuit of the second functional unit 40 includes multiple second sub-equivalent circuits connected in series, and each first sub-equivalent circuit 302 includes a second equivalent capacitor and a second equivalent inductor connected in parallel. In other words, the equivalent circuit of the second functional unit 40 is an equivalent series-parallel circuit.

[0101] Optionally, in an embodiment where at least two first sub-equivalent circuits 302 are connected in parallel and the first equivalent capacitor 320 is connected in series with the first equivalent inductor 321, at least two second sub-equivalent circuits are connected in series, and the second equivalent capacitor and the second equivalent inductor are connected in parallel. In an embodiment where at least two first sub-equivalent circuits 302 are connected in series and the first equivalent capacitor 320 is connected in parallel with the first equivalent inductor 321, at least two second sub-equivalent circuits are connected in parallel, and the second equivalent capacitor and the second equivalent inductor are connected in series. It can be understood that the equivalent circuit of the first functional unit 30 and the equivalent circuit of the second functional unit 40 may be different. In a possible application scenario, due to the thickness of the glass body 10, coupling may be formed between the first functional unit 30 and the second functional unit 40, and at this time, the first sub-equivalent circuit 302 and the second sub-equivalent circuit may have a series or parallel relationship.

[0102] Optionally, in the above-mentioned embodiment where the first part of the antenna radiator 20 is used to generate a resonant current supporting a first frequency band under the excitation of a signal source, and the second part of the antenna radiator 20 is used to generate a resonant current supporting a second frequency band under the excitation of a signal source, if the second functional unit 40 and the first functional unit 30 are located on the same side of the antenna radiator 20, that is, the second functional unit 40 and the first functional unit 30 are arranged on the same surface of the glass body 10, then when the orthographic projection of the first functional unit 30 on the surface where the antenna radiator 20 is located covers the first part of the antenna radiator 20 and does not cover the second part of the antenna radiator 20, the orthographic projection of the second functional unit 40 on the surface where the antenna radiator 20 is located can cover the antenna radiator. 20, and does not cover the second part of the antenna radiator 20; if the second functional unit 40 and the first functional unit 30 are located on opposite sides of the antenna radiator 20, that is, the second functional unit 40 and the first functional unit 30 are arranged on different surfaces of the glass body 10, and the second functional unit 40, the antenna radiator 20 and the first functional unit 30 are stacked in sequence, then when the orthographic projection of the first functional unit 30 on the surface where the antenna radiator 20 is located covers the first part of the antenna radiator 20, and does not cover the second part of the antenna radiator 20, the orthographic projection of the second functional unit 40 on the surface where the antenna radiator 20 is located can cover the first part of the antenna radiator 20, and does not cover the second part of the antenna radiator 20.

[0103] By making the glass antenna 100 include both the first functional unit 30 and the second functional unit 40, for the antenna radiator 20 that only supports one frequency band, if the first functional unit 30 and the second functional unit 40 are located on the same side of the antenna radiator 20, it is beneficial to produce a double conduction or double blocking effect on the incident electromagnetic waves on that side; if the first functional unit 30 and the second functional unit 40 are located on opposite sides of the antenna radiator 20, it is beneficial to produce a conduction effect on the electromagnetic waves on the front side of the antenna radiator 20 through the first functional unit 30, and at the same time, produce a blocking effect on the electromagnetic waves on the rear side of the antenna radiator 20 through the second functional unit 40, so that the communication performance of the specific frequency band can be greatly improved. In addition, for the antenna radiator 20 supporting multiple frequency bands, by making the glass antenna 100 include the first functional unit 30 and the second functional unit 40 at the same side of the antenna radiator 20, if the first functional unit 30 and the second functional unit 40 are located on the same side of the antenna radiator 20, it is beneficial to produce a double conduction or double blocking effect on the electromagnetic waves on this side through the first functional unit 30 and the second functional unit 40, or it is beneficial to produce a conduction effect on the incident electromagnetic waves of one frequency band on this side through the first functional unit 30 and to produce a blocking effect on the incident electromagnetic waves of another frequency band on this side through the second functional unit 40. If the first functional unit 30 and the second functional unit 40 are located on the same side of the antenna radiator 20, it is beneficial to produce a double conduction or double blocking effect on the electromagnetic waves on this side through the first functional unit 30 and the second functional unit 40. The two functional units 40 are located on opposite sides of the antenna radiator 20, which is beneficial for conducting the electromagnetic waves of a frequency band on the front side of the antenna radiator 20 through the first functional unit 30, and blocking the electromagnetic waves of the frequency band on the back side of the antenna radiator 20 through the second functional unit 40. Alternatively, the electromagnetic waves of a frequency band on the front side of the antenna radiator 20 are conducted through the first functional unit 30, and the electromagnetic waves of another frequency band on the back side of the antenna radiator 20 are blocked through the second functional unit 40. In this way, the communication performance of a single frequency band can be greatly improved, or the communication performance of multiple frequency bands can be improved.

[0104] In a possible embodiment, one of the second functional unit 40 and the first functional unit 30 is used to conduct incident electromagnetic waves, and the other of the second functional unit 40 and the first functional unit 30 is used to block incident electromagnetic waves.

[0105] In this embodiment, the area covered by the second functional unit 40 on the antenna radiator 20 can be the same as the area covered by the first functional unit 30 on the antenna radiator 20, that is, the orthographic projection of the second functional unit 40 on the surface where the antenna radiator 20 is located can coincide with the orthographic projection of the first functional unit 30 on the surface where the antenna radiator 20 is located.

[0106] Among them, since the second functional unit 40 and the first functional unit 30 have different effects on the incident electromagnetic wave, the equivalent circuit of the second functional unit 40 is different from the equivalent circuit of the first functional unit 30, that is, the structure of the second functional unit 40 is different from the structure of the first functional unit 30. In other words, the shape of the second functional unit 40 is different from the shape of the first functional unit 30. In a possible embodiment, the gap between two adjacent second sub-functional units 401 in the second functional unit 40 can correspond to the first sub-functional unit 301 of the first functional unit 30, and the second sub-functional unit 401 in the second functional unit 40 can correspond to the gap between two adjacent first sub-functional units 301 in the first functional unit 30. In this embodiment, one of the second functional unit 40 and the first functional unit 30 can form a conduction effect on the incident electromagnetic wave of a frequency band, and the other of the second functional unit 40 and the first functional unit 30 can form a blocking effect on the incident electromagnetic wave of the frequency band.

[0107] Of course, in other possible embodiments, the shape of the second functional unit 40 may be the same as that of the first functional unit 30. In this embodiment, the second functional unit 40 and the first functional unit 30 can form a conduction effect on electromagnetic waves of the same frequency band, or the second functional unit 40 and the first functional unit 30 can form a blocking effect on electromagnetic waves of the same frequency band, or one of the second functional unit 40 and the first functional unit 30 can form a conduction effect on electromagnetic waves of one frequency band, and the other of the second functional unit 40 and the first functional unit 30 can form a blocking effect on electromagnetic waves of another frequency band.

[0108] exist Fig.14 In the glass antenna 100 shown, the second functional unit 40 is arranged on the fourth surface 141 of the inner glass plate 104, and the first functional unit 30 is arranged on the second surface 131 of the outer glass plate 103. At this time, the second functional unit 40 can have an obstructive effect on the incident electromagnetic waves, and the first functional unit 30 can have a conductive effect on the incident electromagnetic waves.

[0109] By stacking the second functional unit 40, the antenna radiator 20 and the first functional unit 30 in sequence, one of the second functional unit 40 and the first functional unit 30 is used to conduct the incident electromagnetic waves, and the other is used to block the incident electromagnetic waves. The radiation energy distribution on both sides of the antenna radiator 20 can be changed, thereby greatly improving the communication performance of the glass antenna 100 in a specific frequency band.

[0110] The features mentioned above in the description, claims and drawings can be combined with each other in any way as long as they are meaningful within the scope of the present application. The advantages and features described for the glass antenna 100 apply to the vehicle in a corresponding manner.

[0111] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in the field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application, and these improvements and modifications are also regarded as the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A glass antenna, characterized in that: include: Glass body; An antenna radiator is disposed on a surface of the glass body; and A first functional unit is arranged on the other surface of the glass body and is stacked with the antenna radiator. The orthographic projection of the first functional unit on the surface where the antenna radiator is located covers at least a portion of the antenna radiator. The first functional unit is used to change the distribution of radiation energy of the antenna radiator. The first functional unit includes at least three first sub-functional units, and two adjacent first sub-functional units are spaced and coupled. The equivalent circuit of the first functional unit includes at least two first sub-equivalent circuits, and each of the first sub-equivalent circuits includes a first equivalent capacitor and at least one first equivalent inductor.

2. The glass antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The at least two first sub-equivalent circuits are connected in parallel, and the first equivalent capacitor and the first equivalent inductor are connected in series; or, the at least two first sub-equivalent circuits are connected in series, and the first equivalent capacitor and the first equivalent inductor are connected in parallel.

3. The glass antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first equivalent capacitor is formed between two adjacent first sub-functional units in the equivalent circuit of the first functional unit, and a part of the first sub-functional units forms a first equivalent inductor in the equivalent circuit of the first functional unit.

4. The glass antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape of the first sub-functional unit is one of a circular sheet, a rectangular sheet, a square sheet, a circular ring, a rectangular ring, a square ring, and a symmetrical G-shaped ring.

5. The glass antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The at least three first sub-functional units are arranged in sequence along a first direction.

6. The glass antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The at least three first sub-functional units include at least two first sub-functional units arranged along a second direction and at least two first sub-functional units arranged along a third direction, and the second direction intersects the third direction.

7. The glass antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first functional unit includes at least four first sub-functional units, and the at least four first sub-functional units are arranged in a two-dimensional array.

8. The glass antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first functional unit includes at least six first sub-functional units, which are respectively located in a plurality of different periodic regions, each periodic region includes at least three first sub-functional units, and the sizes of the first sub-functional units in different periodic regions are different.

9. The glass antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: All of the antenna radiators are used to generate a resonant current supporting a target frequency band under the excitation of a signal source, and the orthographic projection of the first functional unit on the surface where the antenna radiator is located covers all of the antenna radiators.

10. The glass antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The first part of the antenna radiator is used to generate a resonant current supporting a first frequency band under the excitation of a signal source, and the second part of the antenna radiator is used to generate a resonant current supporting a second frequency band under the excitation of the signal source; The orthographic projection of the first functional unit on the surface where the antenna radiator is located covers the first part of the antenna radiator and does not cover the second part of the antenna radiator, or the orthographic projection of the first functional unit on the surface where the antenna radiator is located covers the second part of the antenna radiator and does not cover the first part of the antenna radiator; or the orthographic projection of the first functional unit on the surface where the antenna radiator is located covers the first part of the antenna radiator and the second part of the antenna radiator.

11. The glass antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The glass antenna also includes a second functional unit, which is arranged on the same surface of the glass body as the first functional unit, or the second functional unit and the first functional unit are arranged on different surfaces of the glass body, and the second functional unit, the antenna radiator and the first functional unit are stacked in sequence, the orthographic projection of the second functional unit on the surface where the antenna radiator is located covers at least a part of the antenna radiator, and the second functional unit is used to change the distribution of radiation energy of the antenna radiator. The second functional unit includes at least three second sub-functional units, and two adjacent second sub-functional units are arranged at intervals and coupled. The equivalent circuit of the second functional unit includes at least two second sub-equivalent circuits, and each of the second sub-equivalent circuits includes a second equivalent capacitor and at least one second equivalent inductor; the at least two second sub-equivalent circuits are connected in parallel, and the second equivalent capacitor and the second equivalent inductor are connected in series, or the at least two second sub-equivalent circuits are connected in series, and the second equivalent capacitor and the second equivalent inductor are connected in parallel.

12. The glass antenna according to claim 11, characterized in that: One of the second functional unit and the first functional unit is used to generate a conduction effect on the incident electromagnetic wave, and the other of the second functional unit and the first functional unit is used to generate a blocking effect on the incident electromagnetic wave.

13. The glass antenna according to claim 11, characterized in that: The shape of the second functional unit is different from that of the first functional unit, or the shape of the second functional unit is the same as that of the first functional unit.

14. A vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises a signal source and the glass antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the signal source is electrically connected to the antenna radiator.

15. The vehicle according to claim 14, characterized in that The first functional unit is close to the outer side of the vehicle relative to the antenna radiator, and the first functional unit has a conducting effect on the electromagnetic waves generated by the antenna radiator, or the first functional unit is close to the inner side of the vehicle relative to the antenna radiator, and the first functional unit has a blocking effect on the electromagnetic waves generated by the antenna radiator.

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