Information providing method, management system, and charge / discharge system

Abstract

This information provision method acquires SOC detail data in which charge amounts from respective power sources used in charging of a power storage element (13A) and details of the charge state of the power storage element (13A) are recorded in association with each other, and when the power storage element (13A) is discharged, determines the state of charge of the power storage element (13A) on the basis of the SOC detail data. Power source information indicating which power source charged by which power source is discharged is provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The technology disclosed in this specification relates to an information providing method, a management system for managing an electric storage element, and a charge and discharge system for an electric storage element. Background Art

[0002] The electricity used to charge the storage element is generated by various power sources. Patent Document 1 discloses a storage information management device that stores information indicating how the electricity used to charge the storage battery was generated.

[0003] Prior art literature

[0004] Patent Literature

[0005] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2016-77152 Summary of the invention

[0006] Problems to be solved by the invention

[0007] In recent years, the introduction of V2X (Vehicle to Everything) systems has been expanding. V2X systems are systems that enable the exchange of electricity between electric vehicles and buildings, factories, electric vehicles and power grids (electricity systems), etc.

[0008] It is expected that various services will be provided via the V2X system in the future.

[0009] One aspect of the present invention aims to provide a service corresponding to information indicating from which power source electricity charged is discharged.

[0010] Means for solving problems

[0011] An information providing method obtains data that records the amount of charging power from each power source used in charging a storage element in association with details of the charging state of the storage element, and provides information indicating which power source is being used to discharge the electricity when the storage element is discharged based on the data.

[0012] Effects of the Invention

[0013] According to the above configuration, it is possible to provide a service according to information indicating from which power source the electricity charged is discharged. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing a charge and discharge system and a plurality of power sources according to the first embodiment.

[0015] Figure 2 It is a block diagram showing the electrical structure of an electric vehicle.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a block diagram showing the electrical structure of the charging and discharging system.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a block diagram showing the electrical structure of the power storage device.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the SOC detailed data update process during charging.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the SOC detailed data update process during discharge.

[0020] Figure 7 It is a flowchart of the service provision process.

[0021] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of the service provision process involved in Implementation Method 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] [Overview of Embodiments]

[0023] (1) In the information providing method involved in the implementation mode, data is obtained that records the charging amount from each power source used in charging a storage element in association with the details of the charging state (SOC: State Of Charge) of the storage element, and when the storage element is discharged, information indicating which power source is used to discharge the electricity is provided based on the data.

[0024] As the power source for charging the storage element, there are various power sources such as solar power generation system, wind power generation system, thermal power generation system, etc. Solar power generation system and wind power generation system are power sources derived from clean energy (clean energy) that emit less carbon dioxide (CO2) during power generation, while thermal power generation system using fossil fuels is a power source derived from non-clean energy.

[0025] In recent years, in order to achieve carbon neutrality, it is required to generate electricity based on clean energy. When the electricity of the storage element is discharged to the power system (sold or distributed) through the V2X system, it is considered to give a higher incentive when the electricity is generated by a power source derived from clean energy than when it is generated by a power source derived from non-clean energy.

[0026] The power storage information management device described in Patent Document 1 stores information indicating how the power charged in the storage battery is generated, but does not store information on the amount of electricity charged in the storage battery by the electricity of each generation method.

[0027] According to the information providing method described in (1) above, when the storage element is discharged, information indicating from which power source the electricity charged is discharged is provided, thereby providing an incentive corresponding to the discharge of electricity charged from the power source derived from clean energy. In this way, according to the information providing method of (1) above, a service corresponding to the information indicating from which power source the electricity charged is discharged can be provided.

[0028] If the charging amount from each power source is measured and recorded using only sensors such as an ammeter without associating it with the details of the SOC of the storage element, the storage element may be overcharged, and the system becomes complicated to prevent such overcharging. The amount of electricity that the storage element can hold (the full charge capacity of the storage element) decreases as the storage element deteriorates due to use and time. When a certain amount of electricity is charged, the SOC details of the charging amount when the degradation of the storage element is small and the full charge capacity is large become larger than the SOC details of the charging amount when the degradation of the storage element is small and the full charge capacity is large. The amount of electricity that can be charged when the degradation of the storage element is small and the full charge capacity is large cannot be charged when the degradation of the storage element is large and the full charge capacity is small. In the above-mentioned information providing method (1), the charging amount from each power source is recorded in association with the details of the SOC of the storage element, so that the system can be avoided from becoming complicated to prevent overcharging. By acquiring information recorded in association with the details of the SOC, it is possible to provide appropriate information on the amount of charge from each power source when the power storage element is discharged.

[0029] The above-mentioned information providing method can also be implemented by a management system such as a BMS (Battery Management System) or an ECU (Electronic Control Unit) arranged adjacent to the storage element. The information providing method can be implemented by a charging and discharging system for charging and discharging the storage element, or by a remote computer arranged separately from the storage element.

[0030] The above-mentioned electric storage element may be an electric storage battery cell, or may be an electric storage device (electric storage module, electric storage pack, electric storage system, etc.) including a plurality of electric storage battery cells.

[0031] The power storage element may be mounted on a mobile object such as a vehicle, or may be applied to a stationary (fixed) device.

[0032] The storage element mounted on the mobile body can be a storage element (so-called high-voltage battery) that supplies electricity to a load (e.g., an electric motor) used to drive the mobile body, or a storage element (so-called low-voltage battery) that supplies electricity to auxiliary machines. It is preferred to apply this technology to a large-capacity on-board high-voltage battery that can be connected to a load or power system outside the vehicle through cooperation with a V2H (Vehicle to Home) system or a V2X system.

[0033] (2) In the information providing method described in (1) above, the information may be provided when the power storage element is discharged while the power storage element is connected to a power system.

[0034] The power system may be a power system of a power company or a microgrid in which a distributed power source, a storage element, and a load are electrically connected.

[0035] Consider the case where the storage element is mounted on a mobile body such as a vehicle. According to the above-mentioned information providing method, when the storage element is not connected to the load (load for driving the mobile body, auxiliary equipment, etc.) that originally supplies electricity but is connected to the power system, information indicating from which power source the electricity charged is discharged is provided, thereby providing incentives. That is, when the storage element is discharged for the purpose of selling (selling electricity) or circulating electricity rather than for self-consumption of electricity, incentives corresponding to the discharge of electricity charged from a power source derived from clean energy can be provided.

[0036] Consider the case where the storage element is applied to a stationary device. If the storage element records the details of the SOC of the storage element in association with the charge amount from the power source derived from clean energy such as solar energy, the charge amount from the power source derived from non-clean energy, and the SOC of the storage element on a recording medium, it is possible to give an incentive (for example, a premium price) corresponding to the discharge of the electricity charged from the power source derived from clean energy. That is, the present technology can also be applied to the storage element that is always connected to the power system.

[0037] (3) In the information providing method described in (1) or (2) above, it may be that when the storage element is discharged without being connected to the power system, the details of the SOC are updated based on the discharge amount of electricity obtained by charging with a power source derived from non-clean energy.

[0038] As the “power source derived from non-clean energy” mentioned here, thermal power generation using fossil fuels can be exemplified, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0039] When the storage element discharges for self-consumption of electricity, appropriate incentives can be given by updating the details of the SOC according to the amount of electricity discharged from the power source charged from non-clean energy. That is, the electricity charged from clean energy and the electricity charged from non-clean energy are virtually and strictly distinguished and managed, and the details of the SOC are updated according to the respective charging and discharging. The details of the SOC are updated by treating the discharge of the storage element when it is not connected to the power system as the discharge of electricity charged from the power source from non-clean energy, so that when the storage element is discharged when the storage element is connected to the power system, the incentive corresponding to the discharge of electricity charged from the power source from clean energy is maximized.

[0040] (4) In the information providing method described in any one of (1) to (3) above, when the power storage element is charged, information indicating which power source is used for charging is obtained, and the details of the SOC are updated based on the charging power from each power source.

[0041] According to the above configuration, the full charge capacity or the state of health (SOH) of the power storage element during charging can be reflected, and the amount of charged electricity can be appropriately associated with the SOC of the power storage element.

[0042] (5) In the information providing method described in (4) above, when the power storage element is charged with regenerative power, it may be determined that the power storage element is charged with a power source derived from clean energy, and the details of the SOC may be updated.

[0043] According to the above configuration, the SOC details are updated by treating charging based on regenerative power that does not generate CO2 as charging based on a power source derived from clean energy, thereby maximizing the incentive corresponding to the discharge of electricity charged by the power source derived from clean energy. The regenerative power can be generated in an electric motor for driving a mobile body, or in a generator mounted on a mobile body such as an AC generator.

[0044] (6) The management system involved in the implementation mode is a management system for managing storage elements, which obtains data that records the charging amount from each power source used in charging the storage element in association with the details of the SOC of the storage element, and when the storage element is discharged, provides information indicating which power source is used to discharge the electricity based on the data.

[0045] The management system may be a BMS or ECU arranged adjacent to the storage element, or a remote computer arranged separately from the storage element. The management system may also be composed of a BMS and / or ECU arranged adjacent to the storage element, and a remote computer arranged separately from the storage element.

[0046] According to the management system described in (6) above, it is possible to provide services corresponding to information indicating which power source is being charged and discharged. The BMS arranged adjacent to the storage element has a current measuring function and a voltage measuring function. In most cases, the BMS also has a temperature measuring function. The BMS is able to record historical information (charging and discharging power information, storage capacity information, temperature information, etc.) in a storage unit. The BMS is able to grasp the self-discharge of the storage element, the discharge from the storage element to the circuit board element (CPU or microcomputer, etc.), and the discharge based on the balancer circuit that equalizes the voltage, and record them or use them for SOC update. The BMS also has a communication function. Therefore, appropriate information can be provided without using additional sensors such as electric meters.

[0047] (7) The charging and discharging system involved in the implementation mode is a charging and discharging system for a storage element, which obtains data that records the charging amount from each power source used in charging the storage element in association with the details of the SOC of the storage element, and when the storage element is discharged, provides information indicating which power source is used to discharge the electricity based on the data.

[0048] According to the charge and discharge system described in (7) above, it is possible to provide a service corresponding to the information indicating from which power source the electricity charged is discharged.

[0049] [Details of implementation]

[0050] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described. The present disclosure is not limited to these examples, and is intended to include all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the claims as shown in the claims.

[0051] The embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms such as a device, a method, a computer program for realizing the functions of these devices or methods, and a recording medium recording the computer program.

[0052] <Implementation Method 1>

[0053] according to Figures 1 to 7 Embodiment 1 will be described. In the following description, reference numerals in the drawings may be omitted except for a part of the same components.

[0054] (1) Charging and discharging system of storage element

[0055] Reference Figure 1 , the charge and discharge system 2 according to the first embodiment will be described. The charge and discharge system 2 (V2X system) is a system that charges and discharges the power storage device 13 mounted on the electric vehicle 3. In the following description, the power storage device 13 may also be referred to as a battery.

[0056] The electric car 3 is driven by an electric motor 11 (refer to Figure 2 ) is a vehicle (an example of a moving body) that is traveling. The electric vehicle 3 may be a battery electric vehicle (BEV) or a plug-in hybrid vehicle (PHV). The electric vehicle 3 is connected to the power storage device 13 via the charge and discharge cable 28 (see Figure 3 ) is connected to the charging and discharging system 2.

[0057] The charging and discharging system 2 is provided, for example, at a charging and discharging station, a business office, etc. The charging and discharging system 2 may include a charger (charging and discharging stand) and a power conditioner, or their functions may be encapsulated in a single housing. The charging and discharging system 2 is connected to a plurality of power generation devices via a power system 4, and is communicatively connected to a system management system 5 via a communication network (not shown).

[0058] The plurality of power generation facilities are devices that supply AC power to the power system 4, and specifically include wind power generation systems, solar power generation systems, power generation systems using fossil fuels (eg, thermal power generation systems), etc. The system management system 5 manages electricity charges, electricity purchases, and the like.

[0059] The electricity stored in the power storage device 13 can be discharged (sold (power selling)) to the power system 4 through the charge and discharge system 2 .

[0060] The electric vehicle 3 is equipped with a large-capacity, high-voltage power storage device 13A for supplying electric power to the electric motor 11 and a small-capacity, low-voltage power storage device 13B for supplying electric power to the auxiliary machines 12 (see Figure 2 The large-capacity, high-voltage power storage device 13A records SOC detail data (an example of data) that associates the charge amount from each power source used to charge the power storage device 13A with the details of the SOC of the power storage device 13A.

[0061] When the power storage device 13A is connected to the power system 4 and the power storage device 13A is being discharged (for example, when being sold (electricity is being sold)), the charging and discharging system 2 sends (provides) information indicating from which power source the electricity charged is being discharged (sold (electricity is being sold)) (hereinafter referred to as power source information) to the system management system 5 based on the SOC detail data.

[0062] The system management system 5 provides various services to the user 50 of the electric vehicle 3 based on the power source information received from the charging and discharging system 2 .

[0063] The charging and discharging system 2 also transmits (provides) degradation information indicating the degradation state of the power storage device 13A to the system management system 5. The system management system 5 also provides a service based on the degradation information of the power storage device 13A.

[0064] (1-1) Electrical structure of electric vehicles

[0065] like Figure 2 As shown, the electric vehicle 3 includes an electric motor 11 for driving the electric vehicle 3 (for driving the load of the electric vehicle 3), auxiliary machines 12 (power steering, electric brake system, headlights, air conditioning, etc.), a large-capacity, high-voltage storage device 13A for supplying electricity to the electric motor 11, a small-capacity, low-voltage storage device 13B for supplying electricity to the auxiliary machines 12, a DC / DC converter 14, an inlet 15 for connecting a charge and discharge cable 28 provided in the charge and discharge system 2, and an on-board ECU 16.

[0066] The vehicle-mounted ECU 16 includes a CPU, a RAM, a storage unit, a communication unit, etc. Various programs and data executed by the CPU are stored in the storage unit. The CPU controls various parts of the electric vehicle 3 by executing the programs stored in the storage unit. The communication unit is a communication circuit for the CPU to communicate with the charging and discharging system 2 and various parts of the electric vehicle 3 (including the power storage device 13).

[0067] Since power storage device 13B has a small capacity, in Embodiment 1, it is configured to sell the electricity stored in power storage device 13A.

[0068] (1-2) Electrical structure of the charging and discharging system

[0069] like Figure 3 As shown, the charge and discharge system 2 includes an AC terminal 21 , a bidirectional conversion unit 22 , a control unit 23 , a first communication unit 24 , a second communication unit 25 , a display unit 26 , an operation unit 27 , and a charge and discharge cable 28 .

[0070] The AC terminal 21 is connected to the power system 4. One end of the bidirectional conversion unit 22 is connected to the AC terminal 21, and the other end is connected to the charge and discharge cable 28. The bidirectional conversion unit 22 is a bidirectional conversion circuit that selectively performs forward conversion (converter function) of converting AC power into DC power DC and reverse conversion (inverter function) of converting DC power DC into AC power AC.

[0071] The control unit 23 includes a CPU, a RAM, a storage unit, etc. The CPU controls each unit of the charge and discharge system 2 by executing a program stored in the storage unit. The storage unit stores various programs and data to be executed by the CPU.

[0072] The first communication unit 24 is a communication circuit for the CPU to communicate with the vehicle-mounted ECU 16. The communication may be wired communication or wireless communication, but in the first embodiment, wired communication is described as an example.

[0073] The second communication unit 25 is a communication circuit used by the CPU to communicate with external equipment (such as the system management system 5 ) via a communication network.

[0074] The display unit 26 is composed of a liquid crystal display, a drive circuit for driving the liquid crystal display, etc. The operation unit 27 is composed of various operation buttons, a touch panel, etc. The user 50 can perform various operations such as selecting a power generation device for charging the power storage device 13 and selling (selling electricity) the electricity stored in the power storage device 13 by operating the operation unit 27.

[0075] The charge-discharge cable 28 has a power line and a signal line. When the charge-discharge cable 28 is connected to the inlet 15, the bidirectional conversion unit 22 of the charge-discharge system 2 is electrically connected to the power storage device 13 via the power line. The charge-discharge system 2 charges the power storage device 13 by causing the bidirectional conversion unit 22 to perform a forward conversion operation, and discharges the power storage device 13 by causing the bidirectional conversion unit 22 to perform a reverse conversion operation.

[0076] When charging and discharging cable 28 is connected to inlet 15 , control unit 23 and onboard ECU 16 are communicably connected via a signal line. When control unit 23 and onboard ECU 16 are communicably connected, control unit 23 can transmit and receive information to and from power storage device 13 via onboard ECU 16 .

[0077] (1-3) Structure of Power Storage Device

[0078] Reference Figure 4 , the electrical structure of the power storage device 13A is described. The power storage device 13A includes a battery pack 30, a BMS 31 (Battery Management System) and a communication connector 32. The BMS 31 is an example of a management system. Instead of the BMS 31, a battery cell management unit (Cell Management Unit) may be used as a management system.

[0079] The battery pack 30 is connected to the positive external terminal 80P via the power line 34P and to the negative external terminal 80N via the power line 34N. In the battery pack 30, 12 storage battery cells 30A (an example of a storage element) are connected in three parallel connections and four in series connections. Figure 4 In FIG. 1 , three storage battery cells 30A connected in parallel are represented by one battery symbol. The storage battery cells 30A are secondary batteries that can be repeatedly charged and discharged, and specifically, are lithium ion secondary batteries, for example.

[0080] BMS 31 is a device that manages power storage device 13A. BMS 31 includes current sensor 33 , voltage sensor 35 , communication unit 36 ​​, and management unit 37 . BMS 31 operates using power supplied from battery pack 30 .

[0081] The current sensor 33 is provided on the power line 34N. The current sensor 33 measures the charge and discharge current [I] of the power storage battery cell 30A and outputs the measured current to the management unit 37 .

[0082] The voltage sensor 35 is connected to both ends of each storage battery cell 30A, measures the voltage [V] of each storage battery cell 30A, and outputs the voltage to the management unit 37 .

[0083] The communication unit 36 ​​is a circuit for the management unit 37 to communicate with the in-vehicle ECU 16 .

[0084] The management unit 37 includes a microcomputer 37A including a CPU, a RAM, etc., which are formed into a single chip (1 chip), and a storage unit 37B. The management unit 37 manages each unit of the power storage device 13A by executing a control program stored in the storage unit 37B. The storage unit 37B stores various programs and data executed by the management unit 37. The various data include SOC detailed data (see Figure 1 ).

[0085] The communication connector 32 is a connector for connecting a signal line for communication between the management unit 37 and the vehicle-mounted ECU 16 .

[0086] (2) Information on the power source of the electricity used to charge the power storage device

[0087] In recent years, attempts have been made to apply blockchain technology to electricity tracking (tracing and analysis) in the field of electricity and energy. Blockchain technology is a database that connects terminals on a communication network and uses encryption technology to process and record transaction records in a distributed manner. If an electricity tracking system is built, for example, when charging the power storage device 13A (more specifically, when charging the power storage battery cell 30A), it is possible to determine which power source the power storage device 13A is charged from.

[0088] In the first embodiment, when charging the power storage device 13A, the user 50 of the electric car 3 operates the operation unit 27 of the charging and discharging system 2 to select which power generation facility among solar power generation, wind power generation, and power generation using fossil fuels is to be used for charging. The charging and discharging system 2 can virtually or physically switch the power generation facility and charge the power storage device 13A with the power generated by the selected power generation facility.

[0089] As will be described in detail later, the management unit 37 of the power storage device 13A updates the SOC detailed data according to the power source of the charged electricity and the charged amount when the power storage device 13A is charged. Therefore, when the charging and discharging system 2 charges the power storage device 13A, it sends information indicating which power source (solar energy, wind power, fossil fuel) is used for charging (hereinafter referred to as power source information) to the management unit 37 of the power storage device 13A.

[0090] Specifically, the charging and discharging system 2 transmits the power source information indicating the power source of the selected power generation equipment to the management unit 37 of the power storage device 13A. Alternatively, the charging and discharging system 2 may determine the power source of the electricity supplied from the system power through the tracking system and transmit the power source information indicating the determined power source to the power storage device 13A.

[0091] The power source information may be information indicating the type of power source (solar energy, wind power, fossil fuel), information based on the ID (identification information) of the power generation equipment, or information based on transaction records such as blockchain.

[0092] (3) Update of SOC details during charging

[0093] Reference Figure 1 Detailed SOC data will be described. Detailed SOC data is data that records the amount of charged electricity from each power source used for charging the power storage device 13A in association with the details of the SOC of the power storage device 13A.

[0094] Figure 1 The SOC detailed data shown indicates that 30% of the SOC of the power storage device 13A is electricity generated by wind power, 25% is electricity generated by solar power, and 45% is electricity generated by fossil fuels. For example, assume that the power storage device 13A has a fully charged power of 10000Ah. In this case, if the current SOC is 80%, the power charged to the power storage device 13A is 8000Ah (=10000×80%). Among them, 2400Ah (=8000×30%) is electricity generated by wind power, 2000Ah (=8000×25%) is electricity generated by solar power, and 3600Ah (=8000×45%) is electricity generated by fossil fuels.

[0095] As described above, the management unit 37 of the power storage device 13A receives (acquires) the power source information from the charge and discharge system 2 when the power storage device 13A is charged. When the charging of the power storage device 13A starts, the management unit 37 measures the current value of the charging current at a predetermined time interval using the current sensor, and integrates the measured current values ​​to obtain the charged power. Then, the management unit 37 updates the SOC detailed data based on the power source information and the charged power received from the charge and discharge system 2.

[0096] (4) Services provided by the system management system

[0097] As described above, the system management system 5 also provides various services to the user 50 of the charging and discharging system 2 and the electric car 3. In the first embodiment, as the services provided by the system management system 5, the following three services are exemplified.

[0098] · A service that determines the multiplier of the incentive for selling electricity according to the power source of the electricity sold and the degradation state of the storage device

[0099] ・Service that notifies the charging and discharging system of the appropriate charging current value for the power storage device

[0100] ・Service that notifies electric vehicle users that a deteriorated power storage device should be replaced

[0101] (4-1) A service that determines the multiplier of the incentive for selling (electricity sales) based on the power source of the electricity sold and the degradation state of the power storage device

[0102] The electricity purchased by the electric power system 4 has a base purchase price. The incentive multiplier is a value multiplied by the base purchase price, and the larger the incentive multiplier, the higher the purchase price.

[0103] When the management unit 37 of the power storage device 13A sells (discharges) the electricity of the power storage device 13A to the power system 4, it determines which power source is used to sell the electricity based on the SOC detailed data. The determination of the power source of the sold electricity will be described later. The management unit 37 sends the power source information indicating the power source of the sold electricity (an example of information indicating which power source is used to discharge the electricity charged) and the degradation information indicating the degradation state of the power storage device 13A to the charging and discharging system 2.

[0104] There are various indicators of the degradation state of the power storage device 13A, but the internal resistance increase rate is used as an example for explanation. The internal resistance value of the power storage device 13A increases as it degrades. The internal resistance increase rate is a value obtained by dividing the current internal resistance value of the power storage device 13A by the initial internal resistance value. The more degraded the power storage device 13A is, the greater the internal resistance increase rate is.

[0105] The charging and discharging system 2 transmits the power source information and degradation information received from the power storage device 13A to the system management system 5. When purchasing electricity from the electric vehicle 3, the system management system 5 determines the incentive ratio based on the power source indicated by the received power source information and the degradation state indicated by the degradation information. An example of the incentive ratio is shown below.

[0106] [Table 1]

[0107]

[0108] Normal and degraded shown in Table 1 represent the degradation state of the power storage device 13A. Normal means that the internal resistance increase rate is less than a predetermined threshold value (i.e., no degradation). Degraded means that the internal resistance increase rate is greater than a predetermined threshold value (i.e., degradation). As shown in Table 1, even if the power source is the same, the degraded excitation rate is lower than the normal excitation rate. The reason for this is that it is preferred to replace the degraded power storage device 13A earlier, so the user 50 is prompted to replace the power storage device 13A by reducing the excitation rate.

[0109] As shown in Table 1, when electricity from clean energy (solar energy, wind power) is sold, the incentive factor is higher than when electricity from non-clean energy (fossil fuel) is sold. The reason for this is to encourage user 50 to charge power storage device 13A with electricity from clean energy.

[0110] (4-2) Service for notifying the charging and discharging system of the appropriate charging current value of the power storage device

[0111] When charging the power storage device 13A, the charging and discharging system 2 charges the power storage device 13A by constant voltage charging (CV charging) until the power storage device 13A reaches a predetermined SOC. In constant voltage charging, the charging current gradually decreases as the charging progresses. When the current value of the charging current decreases to a predetermined current value, the charging and discharging system 2 determines that the power storage device 13A has been charged to the predetermined SOC and terminates the charging.

[0112] The current value when charging to the prescribed SOC varies depending on the degradation state of the power storage device 13A. Therefore, the system management system 5 determines the current value for ending the charging based on the degradation state of the power storage device 13A, and notifies the charging and discharging system 2 of the determined current value as the prescribed current value (in other words, the appropriate charging current value of the power storage device 13A). When the charging current decreases to the current value notified from the system management system 5, the charging and discharging system 2 ends the charging. Thus, the power storage device 13A is charged to the prescribed SOC regardless of the degradation state of the power storage device 13A.

[0113] (4-3) Service to notify electric vehicle users that a deteriorated power storage device should be replaced

[0114] System management system 5 determines whether power storage device 13A is degraded based on the degradation information received from charge and discharge system 2. When system management system 5 determines that power storage device 13A is degraded, it notifies user 50 that power storage device 13A should be replaced.

[0115] As a method of reporting that the power storage device 13A should be replaced, various methods can be adopted. For example, the system management system 5 may notify the charging and discharging system 2 that the power storage device 13A should be replaced, and the charging and discharging system 2 may display a message prompting the user 50 to replace the power storage device 13A on the display unit 26. Alternatively, the system management system 5 may send information prompting the replacement of the power storage device 13A to the on-vehicle ECU 16 via the charging and discharging system 2, and the on-vehicle ECU 16 that receives the information may light a warning light prompting the replacement of the power storage device 13A.

[0116] (5) Update of SOC detailed data during discharge

[0117] When discharging the power storage device 13A, the management unit 37 of the power storage device 13A also measures the current value of the discharge current at predetermined time intervals using the current sensor, and calculates the discharged electric quantity by integrating the measured current values. Then, the power storage device 13A updates the SOC detailed data according to the discharge target.

[0118] Discharging targets of the power storage device 13A include discharging to the electric motor 11 (ie, discharging for supplying electric power to a load for driving the electric vehicle 3 ) and discharging to the power system 4 (ie, discharging for selling (selling) electricity).

[0119] When discharging (selling (selling electricity)) to the power system 4, the multiplier of the incentive for selling the electricity generated by clean energy becomes higher. Therefore, when selling (selling electricity) to the power system 4, the management unit 37 regards that the electricity charged by the power source derived from clean energy is discharged, and sends information indicating solar energy or wind power to the charging and discharging system 2 as the power source information of the sold electricity. In addition, after discharging to the power system 4, the management unit 37 reduces the proportion of electricity charged by solar energy or wind power in the SOC detailed data according to the discharged electricity.

[0120] Of solar power and wind power, solar power has a greater excitation factor. Therefore, when the management unit 37 stores electricity generated by solar power and electricity generated by wind power, it regards the electricity generated by solar power as sold, thereby reducing the proportion of electricity generated by solar power.

[0121] When discharging to the electric motor 11 of the electric vehicle 3, the management unit 37 regards that the electricity generated by fossil fuels is discharged, and reduces the proportion of electricity generated by fossil fuels in the SOC detailed data according to the discharged electricity. That is, when the storage device 13A is discharged when the storage device 13A is not connected to the power system 4, the management unit 37 updates the SOC detailed data according to the discharge amount of electricity charged by the power source derived from non-clean energy. The reason for this is that if the proportion of electricity charged by clean energy is reduced, the amount of electricity that can be sold as electricity derived from clean energy when it is sold (sold electricity) to the power system 4 becomes less.

[0122] (6) Processing performed by the charging and discharging system, the power storage device, and the system management system

[0123] The following describes the SOC detail data update process during charging and discharging executed by the charging and discharging system 2 and the power storage device 13A, and the service provision process executed by the charging and discharging system 2 , the power storage device 13A, and the system management system 5 .

[0124] (6-1) SOC detailed data update process during charging

[0125] Reference Figure 5 Next, the SOC detailed data updating process during charging executed by the charging and discharging system 2 and the power storage device 13A will be described. This process is started when charging of the power storage device 13A is started.

[0126] In S101 , the management unit 37 of the power storage device 13A receives power source information of the power for charging the power storage device 13A from the charge and discharge system 2 .

[0127] In S102, the management unit 37 determines whether charging is completed. If charging is completed, the management unit 37 proceeds to S103, and if charging is not completed, the management unit 37 repeats the process of S102 until charging is completed.

[0128] In S103 , the management unit 37 stores the charged electric power amount in the storage unit 37B for each electric power source.

[0129] In S104 , the management unit 37 updates the SOC detailed data based on the charged electric power amount stored for each electric power source in S103 .

[0130] (6-2) SOC Detailed Data Update Processing During Discharge

[0131] Reference Figure 6 Next, the SOC detailed data updating process during discharge performed by the power storage device 13A will be described. This process is started when the electric vehicle 3 is connected to the charging and discharging system 2.

[0132] In S201 , the management unit 37 of the power storage device 13A receives information indicating the power generation equipment connected to the charge and discharge system 2 from the charge and discharge system 2 .

[0133] In S202, management unit 37 determines based on the received information whether power storage device 13A is connected to power system 4. If connected to power system 4, management unit 37 proceeds to S203, and if not connected to power system 4, management unit 37 proceeds to S205.

[0134] In S203, management unit 37 determines whether power storage device 13A is being discharged to power system 4. Management unit 37 proceeds to S204 after the discharge is completed if the discharge is being performed, and terminates the process if the discharge is not being performed.

[0135] In S204 , the management unit 37 updates the SOC detailed data by regarding the discharge of electricity generated by clean energy (solar energy, wind power).

[0136] In S205, management unit 37 determines whether power storage device 13A is being discharged. If it is being discharged, management unit 37 proceeds to S206 after the discharge is completed, and if it is not being discharged, the process ends.

[0137] In S206 , the management unit 37 updates the SOC detail data by regarding the electricity generated by the fossil fuel as being discharged.

[0138] (6-3) Service provision processing

[0139] Reference Figure 7 Next, a service provision process executed by the charge and discharge system 2, the power storage device 13A, and the system management system 5 will be described. This process starts when the electric vehicle 3 is connected to the charge and discharge system 2.

[0140] In S301 , the management unit 37 of the power storage device 13A receives information indicating the power generation equipment connected to the charge and discharge system 2 from the charge and discharge system 2 .

[0141] In S302, the management unit 37 determines based on the received information whether the charging and discharging system 2 is connected to the power system 4. If connected to the power system 4, the management unit 37 proceeds to S303, and if not connected to the power system 4, the management unit 37 ends the process.

[0142] In S303, the management unit 37 reads the SOC detailed data from the storage unit 37B and determines which power source is considered to be used for selling the electricity charged. Then, the management unit 37 transmits the SOC of the power storage device 13A, the power source information indicating the power source that is considered to have generated the electricity to be sold, and the degradation information indicating the degradation state of the power storage device 13A to the charging and discharging system 2 via the onboard ECU 16.

[0143] In S304 , the control unit 23 of the charge and discharge system 2 transmits the information (SOC, power source information, and degradation information) received from the management unit 37 to the system management system 5 .

[0144] In S305, the power management system 5 determines whether the power storage device 13A is discharging to the power system 4. The power management system 5 proceeds to S306 if the power storage device 13A is discharging to the power system 4, and proceeds to S309 if the power storage device 13A is not discharging.

[0145] In S306 , the system management system 5 determines the incentive magnification based on the power source information and the degradation information.

[0146] In S307, system management system 5 determines whether power storage device 13A is degraded based on the degradation information. System management system 5 proceeds to S308 if power storage device 13A is degraded, and terminates the process if power storage device 13A is not degraded.

[0147] In S308 , the system management system 5 notifies the user 50 of the electric car 3 that the power storage device 13A should be replaced.

[0148] In S309, the system management system 5 determines whether charging of the power storage device 13A based on the system power is required. For example, the system management system 5 determines that charging is required when the SOC is below a predetermined threshold. The system management system 5 proceeds to S310 when charging is required, and terminates the process when charging is not required.

[0149] In S310 , system management system 5 determines the current value of the charging current based on the degradation information received from power storage device 13A, and transmits the determined current value to charging and discharging system 2 .

[0150] In S311, the control unit 23 of the charge and discharge system 2 charges the power storage device 13A with the electricity supplied from the power system 4. The control unit 23 determines whether the charging current has dropped to the current value received from the system management system 5, and terminates the charging if it has dropped to the current value. If the control unit 23 has not dropped to the received current value, it repeats the process of S311 until it has dropped to the current value received.

[0151] (7) Effects of Implementation

[0152] According to the information providing method of the first embodiment, when the storage battery cell 30A is sold (sold electricity) (discharged), the power source information is provided from the charging and discharging system 2 to the system management system 5 (S304), thereby providing an incentive corresponding to the discharge of electricity charged from the power source derived from clean energy. In this way, according to the information providing method of the first embodiment, a service corresponding to the information indicating which power source is used to discharge the electricity can be provided.

[0153] According to the information providing method according to the first embodiment, when the storage battery cell 30A is not connected to the load (the load for driving the electric vehicle 3) that originally supplies power but is connected to the power system 4, an incentive can be given by providing the power source information (S304). That is, when the storage battery cell 30A is discharged for the purpose of circulating power rather than for self-consumption of electricity (consumption caused by the load for driving the electric vehicle 3), an incentive corresponding to the discharge of electricity charged from the power source derived from clean energy can be given.

[0154] According to the information providing method according to the first embodiment, when the storage battery cell 30A is discharged for self-consumption of electricity, the details of the SOC are updated according to the amount of discharge of electricity charged by the power source derived from non-clean energy (S206), thereby providing appropriate incentives. That is, the electricity charged by clean energy and the electricity charged by non-clean energy are strictly distinguished and managed, and the details of the SOC are updated according to the respective charging and discharging, thereby providing appropriate incentives corresponding to the discharge of electricity charged by the power source derived from clean energy when the storage battery cell 30A is discharged in a state where the storage battery cell 30A is connected to the power system 4.

[0155] According to the information providing method involved in embodiment 1, the management unit 37 of the storage device 13A obtains power source information indicating which power source is used for charging when charging the storage battery cell 30A, and updates the SOC detailed data according to the charging power from each power source. Therefore, it is possible to reflect the full charge capacity or health state (SOH: State Of Health) of the storage battery cell 30A during charging, and appropriately associate the charged power with the SOC of the storage battery cell 30A.

[0156] According to the BMS31 involved in embodiment 1, it is possible to provide services corresponding to information indicating which power source has discharged the electricity charged. The BMS31 configured adjacent to the storage battery cell 30A has a current sensor 33 (current measurement function) and a voltage sensor 35 (voltage measurement function). In most cases, the BMS31 also has a temperature measurement function. The BMS31 can record historical information (charging and discharging power information, storage capacity information, temperature information, etc.) in the storage unit 37B. The BMS31 can grasp the self-discharge of the storage battery cell 30A, the discharge from the storage battery cell 30A to the circuit substrate element (CPU or microcomputer, etc.), and the discharge based on the balancer circuit that equalizes the voltage, and record them or use them for SOC update. The BMS31 also has a communication function. Therefore, appropriate information can be provided without using additional sensors such as electric meters.

[0157] <Implementation Method 2>

[0158] The following describes services provided by the system management system 5 according to Embodiment 2. The system management system 5 according to Embodiment 2 provides the following services.

[0159] A service that determines the incentive rate based on the charging efficiency of the charging and discharging system and the target vehicle model of the campaign

[0160] Table 2 shown below is an example of the excitation multiplication factor according to the charging efficiency of the charging and discharging system 2 .

[0161] [Table 2]

[0162]

[0163] In the example shown in Table 2, the lower the charging efficiency of the charging and discharging system 2, the smaller the incentive ratio. The reason for this is that if the charging efficiency of the charging and discharging system 2 is low, power loss will occur during charging, so by reducing the incentive ratio, the user 50 is encouraged to charge through the charging and discharging system 2 with high charging efficiency.

[0164] When the power storage device 13A according to the second embodiment is charged by the charge-discharge system 2, the management unit 37 receives information indicating the charging efficiency of the charge-discharge system 2 from the charge-discharge system 2 and stores it in the storage unit 37B. When the charge-discharge system 2 sells electricity to the power system 4, the charge-discharge system 2 obtains charging efficiency information indicating the charging efficiency of the charge-discharge system 2 that has charged the power storage cell 30A from the power storage device 13A, and transmits the obtained charging efficiency information to the system management system 5. The system management system 5 determines incentives based on the received charging efficiency information.

[0165] Table 3 shown below is an example of the multiplier of the incentive for the event target vehicle model and the vehicle model other than the target vehicle model.

[0166] [Table 3]

[0167]

[0168] The activity is carried out, for example, to promote the sales of a new model. In order to promote the sales of a new model, the manufacturer of the electric car 3 uses the model as the target model of the activity and cooperates with the power operator of the system power. The power operator increases the incentive rate when purchasing electricity from the target model of the activity. Since the incentive rate when selling (selling electricity) to the power system 4 is high, the desire to buy the target model of the activity is aroused.

[0169] Reference Figure 8 , the service provision processing involved in implementation mode 2 is explained.

[0170] In S401 , the management unit 37 of the power storage device 13A receives information indicating the power generation equipment connected to the charge and discharge system 2 from the charge and discharge system 2 .

[0171] In S402, management unit 37 determines based on the received information whether power storage device 13A is connected to power system 4. If connected to power system 4, management unit 37 proceeds to S403, and if not connected to power system 4, management unit 37 ends the process.

[0172] In S403 , management unit 37 obtains vehicle model information indicating the vehicle model of electric vehicle 3 from onboard ECU 16 , and transmits the obtained vehicle model information and charging efficiency information indicating the charging efficiency of charging and discharging system 2 when charging power storage device 13A to charging and discharging system 2 .

[0173] In S404, the control unit 23 of the charging and discharging system 2 sends the received vehicle model information and charging efficiency information to the system management system 5. Here, the charging and discharging system 2 receives the vehicle model information from the management unit 37 of the power storage device 13A, but the charging and discharging system 2 may directly obtain the vehicle model information from the vehicle-mounted ECU 16.

[0174] In S405, the system management system 5 determines whether the power storage device 13A is discharging (selling) power to the power system 4. If it is discharging to the power system 4, the system management system 5 proceeds to S406, and if it is not discharging, the system management system 5 ends the process.

[0175] In S406, system management system 5 determines whether the vehicle model equipped with power storage device 13A is an event target vehicle model. If it is an event target vehicle model, system management system 5 proceeds to S407, and if it is not an event target vehicle model, system management system 5 proceeds to S408.

[0176] In S407, the system management system 5 sets the excitation magnification to a higher level.

[0177] In S408 , the system management system 5 determines the incentive magnification based on the charging efficiency indicated by the charging and discharging efficiency information.

[0178] According to the information providing method according to the second embodiment, it is possible to provide incentives according to the activity target vehicle model and the charging efficiency of the charging and discharging system 2 .

[0179] <Other Implementation Methods>

[0180] The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described in the above description and drawings, and for example, the following embodiments are also included in the technical scope of the present invention.

[0181] (1) In the above embodiment, the storage battery cell 30A mounted on the electric vehicle 3 is exemplified as the storage element. In contrast, the storage element can also be applied to stationary equipment. Examples of stationary equipment include storage equipment for supplying electricity during power outages and storage equipment for peak shifting of system power.

[0182] Consider the case where the storage battery cell 30A is applied to a stationary device. If the storage battery cell 30A records the amount of electricity charged by electricity from clean energy such as solar energy and the amount of electricity charged by electricity from non-clean energy such as fossil fuels in association with the SOC details of the storage battery cell 30A in a recording medium, then through the above-mentioned information provision method, it is possible to provide an incentive (for example, a surcharge price) corresponding to the discharge of electricity charged from a power source derived from clean energy. That is, the present technology can also be applied to the storage device 13 that is always connected to the power system 4.

[0183] (2) In the above embodiment, the storage battery cell 30A is exemplified as the storage element. However, the storage element may be a storage device (battery assembly 30, storage module, storage pack, storage system, etc.) combining a plurality of storage battery cells 30A.

[0184] (3) In the above embodiment, the power storage device 13 (more specifically, the BMS 31 ) is not a component of the charge and discharge system 2 , but the charge and discharge system 2 may include the power storage device 13 as a component.

[0185] In the above embodiment, the information providing method is implemented by the charging and discharging system 2 . In contrast, the information providing method may be implemented by the BMS 31 alone. The information providing method may be implemented by a remote computer disposed separately from the storage battery cell 30A or by the vehicle-mounted ECU 16 .

[0186] When the information providing method is implemented by devices other than BMS 31 (charging and discharging system 2, remote computer, vehicle-mounted ECU 16, etc.), these devices can record SOC detailed data or obtain SOC detailed data from BMS 31. When the information providing method is implemented by BMS 31 alone, BMS 31 can also obtain SOC detailed data by reading SOC detailed data from storage unit 37B.

[0187] (4) In the above embodiment, various services are exemplified as the services provided by the system management system 5 , but the services provided by the system management system 5 may be other services as long as they are services corresponding to the power source information.

[0188] (5) In the above embodiment, when the electricity stored in the power storage cell 30A is sold, the electricity stored in the small-capacity power storage device 13B is not sold. However, the electricity stored in the power storage device 13B may be sold.

[0189] (6) In the above embodiment, when charging the storage battery cell 30A, the charging and discharging system 2 obtains power source information indicating the power source for charging the storage battery cell 30A from the tracking system, etc. On the other hand, the power source information may be obtained by a power conditioner in the V2H system or the V2X system.

[0190] (7) In the above embodiment, the electric vehicle 3 and the plug-in hybrid vehicle are exemplified as the mobile body, but the mobile body may be an engine vehicle. An engine vehicle has an electric storage element that supplies electricity to an engine starting device (so-called starter motor) for starting the engine and auxiliary machines, and therefore the electricity stored in the electric storage element may be sold.

[0191] (8) In the above embodiment, the grid power is provided by a power company, but the grid power may be a grid power independent of the power company or a power line (for example, an independent output line) through which a power converter such as a power conditioner outputs power.

[0192] (9) In the above embodiment, the case where the storage battery cell 30A is charged by the electricity supplied from the power system 4 is exemplified, but the power source for charging the storage battery cell 30A is not limited thereto. For example, the storage battery cell 30A may be charged by the regenerative power of the electric vehicle 3 (power generated by converting kinetic energy into electrical energy when the electric vehicle 3 decelerates).

[0193] In this case, the management unit 37 of the power storage device 13A may determine that the power storage device 13A is charged by a power source derived from clean energy and update the SOC details. By updating the SOC details as if charging based on regenerative power that does not generate CO2 is charged based on a power source derived from clean energy, the incentive corresponding to the discharge of electricity charged by the power source derived from clean energy is maximized.

[0194] The regenerative electric power may be generated by an electric motor for driving a mobile object, or may be generated by a generator mounted on the mobile object, such as an AC generator.

[0195] (10) In the above embodiment, the BMS 31 disposed adjacent to the storage battery cell 30A is exemplified as the management system, but the management system may be the vehicle-mounted ECU 16 or a remote computer disposed separately from the storage battery cell 30A. The management system may also be composed of the BMS 31 disposed adjacent to the storage battery cell 30A and / or the vehicle-mounted ECU 16, and a remote computer disposed separately from the storage battery cell 30A.

[0196] (11) In the above embodiment, the lithium ion secondary battery is exemplified as the power storage battery cell 30A, but the power storage battery cell 30A may be a capacitor accompanied by an electrochemical reaction.

[0197] Explanation of symbols

[0198] 2: Charging and discharging system; 30A: Power storage battery cell (an example of a power storage element); 31: BMS (an example of a management system).

Claims

1. A method for providing information, acquiring data recording the amount of charging electricity from each power source used for charging the storage element and details of the charging state of the storage element in association with each other; and When the power storage element is discharged, information indicating from which power source the electricity charged is discharged is provided based on the data.

2. The information providing method according to claim 1, wherein: The information is provided when the power storage element is discharged in a state where the power storage element is connected to a power system.

3. The information providing method according to claim 2, wherein: When the power storage element is discharged in a state in which the power storage element is not connected to the power system, the details of the charging state are updated according to the discharged amount of electricity charged by the power source derived from non-clean energy.

4. The information providing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: When the power storage element is charged, information indicating which power source is used for charging is obtained, and the details of the charging state are updated based on the charging amount from each power source.

5. The information providing method according to claim 4, wherein: When the power storage element is charged based on the regenerative electric power, it is determined that the power storage element is charged by the electric power source derived from the clean energy, and the details of the charging state are updated.

6. A management system, which is a management system for managing a storage element, acquiring data recording the amount of charging electricity from each power source used for charging the storage element and details of the charging state of the storage element in association with each other; and When the power storage element is discharged, information indicating from which power source the electricity charged is discharged is provided based on the data.

7. A charging and discharging system, which is a charging and discharging system for a storage element, acquiring data recording the amount of charging electricity from each power source used for charging the storage element and details of the charging state of the storage element in association with each other; and When the power storage element is discharged, information indicating from which power source the electricity charged is discharged is provided based on the data.

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