Method for remodeling soil structure based on local soil microbial community

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for remodeling a soil structure based on a local soil microbial community, which comprises the following steps of: comparing microbial species of the same landform unit, if the species difference is less than a first preset threshold value, merging the landform units, and endowing the maximum value of the microbial species to all the merged landform units; comparing the microbial quantities of the same soil units, if the quantity difference is smaller than a second preset threshold value, combining the soil units, and endowing the maximum value of the microbial quantities to all the combined soil units; according to the landform unit to which the to-be-transformed soil belongs, preparing an inoculant of a corresponding microorganism type and applying the inoculant to the surface of the to-be-transformed soil, and the application quantity is 6%-12% of the quantity of microorganisms corresponding to the soil unit to which the to-be-transformed soil belongs. The method can accurately predict and optimize the types and the feeding amount of local microorganisms for improving the soil structure, so that the soil structure is remolded, the erosion resistance of surface soil is improved, and water and soil loss is prevented and controlled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the intersection of soil and water conservation technology and biotechnology. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for reshaping soil structure based on local soil microbial communities, which integrates the principles of soil microbiology and ecology, and aims to improve soil structure and soil quality by screening dominant microorganisms and optimizing inoculation strategies, and effectively prevent and control soil and water loss caused by rainfall erosion. Background Art

[0002] Soil degradation has seriously weakened the function of the soil, thereby reducing the ecological services provided by the soil. In particular, in the context of increasing extreme weather caused by global climate change, soil erosion has gradually become the main driving factor for accelerating land degradation. Soil erosion is mainly due to the excessive development and utilization of water and soil resources by humans, which has caused the surface structure of the soil to become unstable. As a result, external forces such as raindrop kinetic energy, wind force, and freeze-thaw cycles can easily penetrate the surface of the soil. The broken surface soil particles are hydraulically eroded by surface runoff, resulting in a soil loss rate that is significantly greater than the rate at which the parent material layer is transformed into soil. Soil degradation seriously affects biodiversity, food production, climate change, and people's production and life. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore and reverse comprehensive management measures for soil erosion and other related soil degradation in the context of global environmental change.

[0003] At present, in agricultural production and soil management, the use of local strains to improve soil structure and enhance soil fertility to prevent soil erosion is a widely recognized safe, reliable and environmentally friendly method. Local strains have significant advantages over foreign strains due to their strong adaptability to the local environment and their low risk of causing invasion of alien species. However, in practical applications, how to accurately select suitable local strains, determine their reasonable amount of release, and reshape the soil structure to improve the erosion resistance of the surface soil has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0004] First, the problem of strain selection and release amount. Selection of strain types: Factors such as soil environment, climatic conditions and crop types in different regions will have a significant impact on the structure and composition of soil microbial communities. Therefore, how to select the most suitable species from a large number of local strains based on the soil characteristics and crop needs of a specific region has become a technical challenge. Determination of the release amount: Excessive strain release will not only increase costs, but may also cause unnecessary interference to the soil ecosystem and lead to an imbalance in soil functions. If the release amount is too small, the expected soil improvement effect may not be achieved, affecting the growth and yield of crops. Therefore, how to accurately calculate a reasonable release amount based on the specific conditions of the soil, the growth characteristics of the strain and the needs of the crop is another technical problem that needs to be solved.

[0005] Second, the importance and difficulties of soil and water conservation. Soil and water conservation is an important measure to prevent soil and water loss, protect and rationally utilize soil and water resources. In areas with severe soil and water loss, problems such as soil erosion, decreased fertility, and water source pollution have become increasingly prominent, seriously affecting the sustainable development of agricultural production and the ecological environment. However, the selection and implementation of soil and water conservation measures also face many difficulties. On the one hand, there are differences in the natural environment, economic conditions, and social and cultural backgrounds in different regions, which leads to the need to select and implement soil and water conservation measures in accordance with local conditions and take precautions against hazards. On the other hand, the implementation of soil and water conservation measures requires a large amount of manpower, material and financial resources, and the effects are often difficult to see immediately, requiring long-term persistence and monitoring. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a method for reshaping soil structure based on local soil microbial communities, which can accurately predict and optimize the types and amounts of local microorganisms for improving soil, so as to reshape soil structure and improve the anti-erosion capacity of surface soil, thereby preventing and controlling soil and water loss.

[0007] In order to achieve these objectives and other advantages of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for The method of reshaping the soil structure includes the following steps: S1. In the soil sampling area, it is divided into several geomorphic units according to the topography and several soil units according to the soil properties; S2, comparing the microbial species of the same geomorphic unit, if the species difference is less than a first predetermined threshold, merging the same geomorphic units, and assigning the maximum value of the microbial species to all merged geomorphic units as the microbial species of the merged geomorphic unit; S3, comparing the number of microorganisms in the same soil units, if the number difference is less than a second predetermined threshold, merging the same soil units, and assigning the maximum number of microorganisms to all merged soil units as the number of microorganisms in the merged soil units; S4. According to the geomorphological unit to which the soil to be transformed belongs, prepare the corresponding microbial species inoculant and apply it to the surface of the soil to be transformed. The amount applied is 6%-12% of the number of microorganisms corresponding to the soil unit to which the soil to be transformed belongs, so as to reshape the soil structure of the soil to be transformed through local microorganisms.

[0008] Preferably, the process of making an inoculant of the corresponding microbial species comprises making a bacterial inoculant, comprising the following steps: S410, preparing a culture medium for culturing bacteria, comprising: 3.0-3.5 g beef extract, 10.0-12.0 g peptone, 5.0-5.5 g NaCl, 15-25 g agar, and 1000 ml purified water, and adjusting the pH value to 7.4-7.5; S411. Sterilize the culture medium for culturing bacteria with high pressure steam, and then culture it in a greenhouse at 35°C-37°C for 24-48 hours to check the thoroughness of sterilization; S412, collecting soil samples from the location where the microbial species in the geomorphic unit to which the soil to be transformed belongs are at the maximum value, and preparing soil suspensions of different gradients; S413. Inoculate the prepared soil suspension on a sterilized culture medium, and culture it at a temperature of 36.6°C-37.2°C for 18-24 hours until obvious colonies grow, and then prepare an inoculant containing local soil microbial bacterial species.

[0009] Preferably, the process of making an inoculant of the corresponding microbial species comprises making an actinomycete inoculant, comprising the following steps: S420, prepare a culture medium for culturing actinomycetes, which comprises: 20-25 g soluble starch, KNO 3 0.8-0.9g, NaCl 0.4-0.5g, K 2 HPO 4 ·3H 2 O 0.5-0.6g, MgSO 4 7H 2 O 0.5-0.6g, CaCl 2 0.1-0.15g, MnSO 4 0.005-0.01g, FeSO 4 7H 2 O 0.01g and agar 20g, the solvent is purified water 1000ml, and the pH value is adjusted to 7.3-7.4, and the culture medium for culturing actinomycetes is sterilized by high-pressure steam; S421, collecting soil samples from the location where the microbial species in the geomorphic unit to which the soil to be transformed belongs are at their maximum, and preparing soil suspensions of different gradients; S422. Inoculate the prepared soil suspension on the sterilized culture medium at a temperature of 27.5℃-28.5℃ and a humidity of 63%-67% for 36-48 hours until actinomycete colonies gradually appear, and then make an inoculant containing local soil actinomycete species.

[0010] Preferably, the process of making an inoculant of the corresponding microbial species comprises making a fungal inoculant, comprising the following steps: S430, preparing a culture medium for culturing fungi, which comprises: 5-6 g of peptone, 10-12 g of glucose, KH 2 PO 4 0.8-0.9g, MgSO 4 7H 2O 0.4-0.45g, agar 15-20g and purified water 1000ml, and add 3.3ml of 1% Bengal rose aqueous solution and 3-3.5ml of 1% streptomycin solution as antibacterial agent and indicator, and sterilize the culture medium for culturing fungi with high pressure steam; S431, collecting soil samples from the location where the microbial species are at their maximum in the geomorphic unit to which the soil to be transformed belongs, and preparing soil suspensions of different gradients; S432. Inoculate the prepared soil suspension on the sterilized culture medium, and place the inoculated culture medium in a constant temperature incubator at 23°C-28°C for 3-7 days until the fungal colonies are clearly visible, and then prepare an inoculant containing local soil fungal species.

[0011] Preferably, when the soil structure of the soil to be transformed is remodeled by local microorganisms in step S4, regular monitoring and adjustment are also included, specifically: Perform soil remodeling operations every 6-8 months to ensure continuous optimization of soil microbial communities and stable improvement of soil structure; Before each soil remodeling operation, soil sampling was carried out in each soil unit of each square area. The random multi-point mixing method was used to obtain soil samples at a depth of 20-40 cm in the cultivated layer.

[0012] Preferably, step S1 specifically comprises: S110, determining the longitude and latitude of the area where soil sampling is to be performed, and dividing the entire area into several small square areas with longitude intervals of 0.2°-0.5° and latitude intervals of 0.2°-0.5°; S111. In each square area, according to the different terrain slopes, it is divided into steep slopes with a slope greater than 20°, gentle slopes with a slope between 8° and 20°, flat land with a slope less than 8°, and valley landform units; S112. In each square area, the soil is divided into black soil, chernozem soil, meadow soil and saline-alkali soil units according to different soil properties; S113. Soil sampling was carried out in each landform unit in each square area, and the random multi-point mixing method was used to collect soil samples of cultivated land. The soil of the 0-20cm layer was sampled in each soil unit of each square area, and the soil of the 0-40cm tillage layer was collected by random multi-point mixing method; S114. Detect the types and quantities of microorganisms in each sampled soil.

[0013] Preferably, when the inoculant of the corresponding microorganism species is prepared and applied to the soil to be transformed, the number of microorganisms in the inoculant should be controlled to be 8% to 10% of the number of corresponding microorganisms in the soil unit to which the soil to be transformed belongs.

[0014] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: First, the present invention prepares the corresponding microbial species inoculant according to the geomorphological unit to which the soil to be transformed belongs and applies it to the surface of the soil to be transformed. The amount applied is 6%-12% of the number of microorganisms corresponding to the soil unit to which the soil to be transformed belongs. Therefore, the present invention can accurately determine the type and amount of microorganisms. In the process of soil structure transformation, it is very important to accurately identify the type of microorganisms and determine their amount of release, mainly for the following reasons: 1. It can improve crop yield and quality. By accurately identifying the type of microorganisms, the most suitable strain for the growth and increase of target crops can be selected to ensure that the crops obtain the best nutritional support and biological protection; at the same time, a reasonable amount of release can avoid the waste of resources caused by excessive strains or poor results caused by insufficient strains; 2. It can reduce environmental pollution: accurate microbial quantity release can avoid environmental pollution problems caused by improper selection of microbial species or excessive release, such as ecological imbalance of soil and water bodies; 3. It can improve research efficiency: accurate information on microbial species and release helps scientific researchers to design experimental plans more accurately and improve research efficiency and accuracy.

[0015] Second, since the microbial inoculants include bacterial inoculants, actinomycete inoculants and fungal inoculants, they need to be prepared separately. When preparing the microbial inoculants, the present invention collects soil samples from the maximum value of the microbial species of the geomorphological unit to which the soil to be transformed belongs, prepares soil suspensions of different gradients, and inoculates them on the sterilized culture medium, so that the bacterial inoculants prepared subsequently contain more bacterial species, the actinomycete inoculants contain more actinomycete species, and the fungal inoculants contain more fungal species, so that as many microbial species as possible can be inoculated into the soil to be transformed.

[0016] Third, by optimizing parameters such as culture medium composition, sterilization conditions, and inoculum size, inoculants with higher purity and stronger activity can be cultivated, thereby improving product quality and stability.

[0017] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be embodied in part through the following description, and in part will be understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A flow chart of the method for reshaping soil structure based on local soil microbial communities according to the present invention; Figure 2The effects of artificial inoculation of microorganisms on soil aggregates (first year); Figure 3 The effects of artificial inoculation of microorganisms on soil aggregates (second year); Figure 4 The effect of artificial inoculation of microorganisms on soil porosity (microorganism treatment and control group); Figure 5 This is the distribution diagram of artificially inoculated microorganisms on soil pores (microorganism treatment and control group); Figure 6 The effects of artificial inoculation of microorganisms on the abundance and diversity of soil microbial communities (microbial treatment and control group); Figure 7 To investigate the control effect of artificial microbial inoculation on rainfall erosion (first year); Figure 8 The control effect of artificial inoculation of microorganisms on rainfall erosion (second year). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention with reference to the description.

[0020] It should be understood that the terms such as “having”, “including” and “comprising” used herein do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0021] It should be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents and materials can be obtained from commercial channels unless otherwise specified.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for reshaping soil structure based on local soil microbial communities, comprising the following steps: S1. In the soil sampling area, it is divided into several geomorphic units according to the topography, and divided into several soil units according to the soil properties.

[0023] The specific implementation method of step S1 is as follows: S110, determining the longitude and latitude of the area where soil sampling is to be performed, and dividing the entire area into several small square areas with longitude intervals of 0.2°-0.5° and latitude intervals of 0.2°-0.5°; S111. In each square area, according to the different terrain slopes, it is divided into steep slopes with a slope greater than 20°, gentle slopes with a slope between 8° and 20°, flat land with a slope less than 8°, and valley landform units; S112. In each square area, the soil is divided into black soil, chernozem soil, meadow soil and saline-alkali soil units according to different soil properties; S113. Soil sampling was carried out in each landform unit in each square area, and the random multi-point mixing method was used to collect soil samples of cultivated land. The soil of the 0-20cm layer was sampled in each soil unit of each square area, and the soil of the 0-40cm tillage layer was collected by random multi-point mixing method; S114. Detect the types and quantities of microorganisms in each sampled soil.

[0024] In the above steps, first, it is necessary to prepare geographic information system (GIS) software and related map data to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of the data; then, according to the longitude and latitude information of the area to be sampled, the entire area is divided into several small square areas according to the standard of 0.3° longitude interval and 0.3° latitude interval. This value can be fine-tuned according to the actual situation, but it needs to be within the range of 0.2°-0.5°. This division is intended to ensure that each square area has relatively consistent geographical and climatic conditions, which is convenient for subsequent analysis. Secondly, the division of geomorphic units and soil units: In each square area, using topographic maps or drone aerial photography data, combined with field surveys, the area is further subdivided into: steep slopes with a slope of >20°, gentle slopes with a slope of 8°≤≤20°, flat slopes with a slope of <8°, and valleys and other geomorphic units; at the same time, according to the characteristics of soil color, texture, structure, etc., combined with soil classification standards, each square area is divided into soil units such as black soil, black calcium soil, meadow soil and saline-alkali soil. This step requires the participation of professional soil scientists to ensure the accuracy of the classification. The topography relatively determines the types of microorganisms, and the soil relatively determines the number of microorganisms. This will not cause excessive release, ecological disasters, or too little release. Secondly, soil sampling: For each geomorphic unit and soil unit, a random multi-point mixing method is used for soil sampling. For the soil in the 0-20cm tillage layer, at least 5 points are randomly selected in each geomorphic unit for sampling, and the mixed ones are used as a sample; for the soil in the 0-40cm tillage layer, at least 5 points are randomly selected in each soil unit for sampling, and the mixed ones are used as another sample. During the sampling process, pay attention to avoid contamination and maintain the representativeness of the samples. Finally, microbial detection: the collected soil samples are sent to the laboratory, and molecular biology methods (such as high-throughput sequencing technology) are used to detect the types and numbers of microorganisms in the soil. This step is to obtain detailed composition information of the microorganisms in each sample to provide data support for subsequent analysis.

[0025] S2. Compare the microbial species of the same geomorphic unit. If the species difference is less than a first predetermined threshold, merge the same geomorphic units, and assign the maximum value of the microbial species to all merged geomorphic units as the microbial species of the merged geomorphic unit.

[0026] S3. Compare the numbers of microorganisms in the same soil units. If the number difference is less than a second predetermined threshold, merge the same soil units and assign the maximum number of microorganisms to all merged soil units as the number of microorganisms in the merged soil units.

[0027] In step S2 and step S3, the microbial species of the same geomorphic unit are compared according to the test results. If the difference in microbial species between two geomorphic units is less than the first predetermined threshold value (such as a difference of less than 10%), they are merged into a new geomorphic unit, and the microbial species of the unit with the largest number of microbial species are used as the microbial species of the merged unit. Similarly, the number of microorganisms in the same soil unit is compared. If the difference in number is less than the second predetermined threshold value (such as a difference of less than 10%), they are merged, and the number of microorganisms in the unit with the largest number of microorganisms is used as the number of microorganisms in the merged unit. For the first predetermined threshold value and the second predetermined threshold value, this embodiment does not make specific restrictions, and specific restrictions can be made as needed. It should be noted that if the difference in microbial species of the three same geomorphic units, the geomorphic unit with the largest number of microorganisms and the geomorphic unit with the smallest number of microorganisms, is less than the first predetermined threshold value, the three same geomorphic units are merged into a new geomorphic unit, and the microbial species of the unit with the largest number of microorganisms are used as the microbial species of the merged unit. For soil units, the same method is used. For the geomorphic units whose microbial species difference is greater than the first predetermined threshold, the geomorphic unit with the least microbial species can be used as the geomorphic unit to be subsequently transformed. The soil unit with the least number of microorganisms can also be used as the soil unit to be subsequently transformed.

[0028] S4. According to the geomorphological unit to which the soil to be transformed belongs, prepare the corresponding microbial species inoculant and apply it to the surface of the soil to be transformed. The amount applied is 6%-12% of the number of microorganisms corresponding to the soil unit to which the soil to be transformed belongs, so as to reshape the soil structure of the soil to be transformed through local microorganisms.

[0029] In the above steps, we prepare the corresponding microbial inoculants according to the geomorphic unit and soil unit to which the soil to be transformed belongs. The preparation of the inoculant must ensure that the activity and quantity of the microorganisms meet the requirements. Then, the inoculant is evenly applied to the surface of the soil to be transformed at a ratio of 6%-12% (the specific ratio can be adjusted according to actual conditions) of the number of microorganisms corresponding to the soil unit to which the soil to be transformed belongs, preferably 8%-10%. During the application process, pay attention to maintaining soil moisture to promote the growth and reproduction of microorganisms.

[0030] It should be noted that the soil of the geomorphic unit with the largest number of microorganisms in the merged geomorphic units is sampled and cultured, and the obtained inoculant is used as the inoculant of the merged geomorphic unit. According to the geomorphic unit to which the soil to be transformed belongs, the inoculant of the microorganism species of the same geomorphic unit is selected for application. The soil to be transformed is divided into blocks by calculating the merged geomorphic unit data and the merged soil unit data in the square area.

[0031] S5. Regular monitoring and adjustment, specifically: perform soil remodeling operations every 6-8 months to ensure continuous optimization of soil microbial communities and stable improvement of soil structure; before each soil remodeling operation, soil sampling is carried out on each soil unit in each square area, and random multi-point mixing method is used for sampling to obtain soil samples at a depth of 20-40 cm in the tillage layer.

[0032] In the above steps, after applying the microbial inoculant, the soil is monitored regularly to evaluate the improvement of soil structure, changes in microbial communities, and crop growth. Based on the monitoring results, the microbial inoculation strategy is adjusted in a timely manner to ensure that the soil improvement effect achieves the expected goal.

[0033] Through the above specific implementation methods, the soil structure can be effectively reshaped based on the local soil microbial community, the soil fertility and crop yield can be improved, and the soil and water loss problem caused by rainfall erosion can be effectively curbed.

[0034] By enhancing the soil's aggregate structure and organic matter content, the method of this embodiment significantly improves the soil's ability to resist erosion. During rainfall, the improved soil can better absorb water, reduce surface runoff, and thus effectively reduce the risk of soil erosion. In addition, the increased activity of soil microorganisms promotes the decomposition and transformation of organic matter in the soil, further enhancing the structural stability of the soil. The experimental results show that the soil treated with microbial inoculants has significantly improved its soil and water conservation capacity, which is of great significance for preventing soil erosion and protecting the ecological environment.

[0035] The core of the method of reshaping soil structure based on local soil microbial communities is to accurately prepare inoculants of microbial species. The following will detail the production process of bacterial inoculants and their expected effects: 1. Preparation and sterilization of culture medium Material preparation and weighing: First, accurately weigh 3.25g beef extract, 11g peptone, 5.25g NaCl, 20g agar, and prepare 1000ml purified water. Make sure all materials are dry and free of contamination. The ratio of these ingredients is optimized to provide a nutrient-rich and suitable growth environment for microorganisms.

[0036] Preparation of culture medium: a. Add the weighed beef extract, peptone and NaCl to a container containing 1000 ml of purified water in sequence, stirring while adding until completely dissolved. b. Slowly add agar, continue heating and stirring until the agar is completely dissolved to form a uniform solution. c. Use a precision pH meter to measure the pH value of the culture medium, and accurately adjust the pH to 7.45 by adding an appropriate amount of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution to ensure the most suitable environment for microbial growth.

[0037] High-pressure steam sterilization: Dispense the prepared culture medium into sterilized culture dishes or test tubes, with each portion having an appropriate volume to avoid too much or too little. Then, place the container containing the culture medium into a high-pressure steam sterilizer and sterilize it according to strict sterilization procedures. a. Perform high-pressure steam sterilization at 120°C for 13 minutes to kill most bacteria and spores. b. Perform a second high-pressure steam sterilization at 155°C for 10 seconds to ensure that the culture medium reaches a sterile state.

[0038] Sterilization effect verification: Place part of the sterilized culture medium in a constant temperature room at 36°C for 36 hours as a blank control to observe whether there is any growth of bacteria. If there is no growth of bacteria, it indicates that the sterilization is thorough.

[0039] 2. Soil sample collection and microbial suspension preparation Soil sample collection: Go to the geomorphic unit with the largest number of microbial species (the same geomorphic unit as the soil to be transformed) to collect soil samples, and use sterile sampling tools to collect representative soil samples to ensure that the samples contain rich microbial diversity. After collection, immediately put the soil sample into a sterile sampling bag, seal it and label it, indicating the sampling location, date and other information.

[0040] Preparation of soil suspension: Weigh the collected soil sample and take 11 g into a conical flask filled with 100 ml of purified water. Use a sterile oscillator or shake manually to mix the soil and water thoroughly to form a 10 -1 Then, according to the 10-fold dilution method, 10-2 Dilution of soil suspension.

[0041] 3. Inoculation and cultivation Inoculation: Prepare 10 -2 Dilute the soil suspension and use a sterile inoculation loop or pipette to evenly inoculate it on the surface of the sterilized culture medium. The inoculation volume of each culture dish should be consistent to ensure the reliability of the experimental results.

[0042] Cultivation: Place the inoculated culture medium in a constant temperature incubator at 36.9°C for 21 hours. During this period, check the culture dish regularly to observe the growth of microorganisms. When obvious colonies of various shapes grow on the culture medium, it indicates that the microorganisms have begun to multiply.

[0043] IV. Preparation and Storage of Inoculants Inoculant collection: Use sterile tools to select colonies with unique morphology and good growth, and inoculate them on new sterile liquid culture media for purification and culture. The mixture of liquid culture media and microorganisms is centrifuged, filtered, and other technologies to precipitate the microorganisms, and the culture media is removed. The bacterial inoculant containing local soil microorganism species is prepared by dilution or concentration.

[0044] Effect of inoculant: The inoculant prepared by the above steps contains a variety of microbial species in the local soil. These microorganisms can reproduce rapidly under suitable conditions and secrete a variety of beneficial substances, such as organic acids and enzymes, which can improve soil structure, increase soil fertility, and promote plant growth. At the same time, the microorganisms in the inoculant can also form a symbiotic relationship with the plant roots, enhancing the plant's resistance to stress and immunity.

[0045] Inoculant storage: Store the purified inoculant in sterile test tubes or cryovials, add an appropriate amount of sterile glycerol as a protective agent, and then store in a refrigerator at -20°C. When storing, mark the type, source, and storage date of the inoculant for subsequent use.

[0046] In summary, through the steps of precise preparation of culture medium, strict sterilization treatment, soil sample collection, reasonable preparation of microbial suspension, and inoculation and cultivation under appropriate conditions, an inoculant containing local soil microbial species can be successfully prepared. This inoculant has a significant effect in soil structure reconstruction and ecological restoration, can significantly improve soil quality, promote plant growth and ecosystem balance.

[0047] In the method of reshaping soil structure based on local soil microbial communities, the process of preparing microbial species inoculants, especially the culture of actinomycetes, is a key step. The implementation details of this process are described in detail below: 1. Preparation and sterilization of actinomycete culture medium Material preparation and weighing: Accurately weigh 22.5 g soluble starch, KNO 3 0.85g, NaCl 0.45g, K 2 HPO 4 ·3H 2 O0.55g, MgSO 4 7H 2 O0.55g, CaCl 2 0.125g, MnSO 4 0.0075g, FeSO 4 7H 2 O 0.01g, and agar 20g. Prepare 1000ml of purified water as solvent.

[0048] Preparation of culture medium: Add the weighed materials into a container filled with purified water in sequence, stirring while adding to ensure that the insoluble components such as soluble starch are fully dissolved. Heat and continue stirring until a uniform solution is formed. Then, use a precision pH meter to adjust the pH value of the culture medium to 7.35 to ensure the most suitable pH conditions for the growth of actinomycetes.

[0049] High-pressure steam sterilization: The prepared culture medium is divided into sterilized containers and then placed in a high-pressure steam sterilizer for sterilization. a. Perform high-pressure steam sterilization at 122.5°C for 12 minutes to kill most bacteria and spores. b. Perform a second high-pressure steam sterilization at 155°C for 10 seconds to ensure that the culture medium is sterile.

[0050] 2. Soil sample collection and actinomycete suspension preparation Soil sample collection: Go to the soil of the geomorphic unit with the largest number of microbial species (the same geomorphic unit as the soil to be transformed) for sampling, and use sterile sampling tools to collect representative soil samples. Ensure that the collected soil samples have the potential for the growth of actinomycetes and avoid contamination.

[0051] Preparation of actinomycete suspension: Weigh the collected soil sample and take 11 g into a conical flask filled with 100 ml of purified water. Use a sterile oscillator or shake manually to mix the soil and water thoroughly to form a 10 -1 Soil dilution. Then, according to the 10-fold dilution method, a 10⁻² dilution soil suspension was gradually prepared. The purpose is to dilute the microorganisms in the soil so that the actinomycetes can form clear colonies on the culture medium.

[0052] 3. Inoculation and cultivation Inoculation: Prepare 10 -2 The diluted soil suspension is evenly inoculated on the sterilized actinomycete culture medium. When inoculating, pay attention to aseptic operation to avoid contamination.

[0053] Cultivation: Place the inoculated culture medium in a constant temperature incubator, set the temperature to 28°C, and maintain the humidity at 65%. The incubation time is 42 hours. During this period, check the culture dish regularly to observe the growth of actinomycetes. Actinomycete colonies usually appear dry, powdery or granular, with various colors, and some have a special fragrance.

[0054] IV. Collection and Storage of Inoculants When the actinomycete colonies gradually appear and reach an appropriate number, use sterile tools to pick the colonies and inoculate them on new sterile liquid culture media for purification and culture. The mixture of liquid culture media and microorganisms is centrifuged, filtered, and other techniques to precipitate the microorganisms, and the culture medium is removed. The actinomycete inoculant containing local soil microorganism species is prepared by dilution or concentration. The purified actinomycete inoculant can be stored in a sterile test tube or cryotube, add an appropriate amount of sterile glycerol as a protective agent, and then store it in a refrigerator at -20°C. When storing, mark the type, source, and storage date of the inoculant for subsequent use.

[0055] In summary, through the precise preparation of actinomycete culture medium, strict sterilization treatment, scientific collection of soil samples, reasonable preparation of actinomycete suspension, and inoculation and cultivation under appropriate conditions, an inoculant containing local soil actinomycete species can be successfully prepared. This inoculant plays an important role in soil structure reconstruction and ecological restoration, can significantly improve soil quality, promote plant growth, and help maintain the balance of the ecosystem.

[0056] In the method of reshaping soil structure based on local soil microbial communities, the process of preparing microbial inoculants includes preparing fungal inoculants in addition to the previously mentioned preparation of actinomycete inoculants. The specific implementation steps of preparing fungal inoculants are described in detail below: 1. Preparation of fungal culture medium Material preparation and weighing: Accurately weigh 5.5g of peptone, 11g of glucose, and KH 2 PO 4 0.85 g MgSO 4 7H 2 O0.425g, and agar 17.5g. Prepare 1000 ml of purified water as a solvent. At the same time, prepare 3.3 ml of 1% Bengal rose aqueous solution and 3.3 ml of 1% streptomycin solution as an antibacterial agent and indicator.

[0057] Preparation of the culture medium: First, dissolve all ingredients except red bengal and streptomycin in part of the purified water, making sure that each ingredient is fully dissolved. Once all ingredients are completely dissolved, add the remaining purified water to bring the total volume to 1000 ml. Then, add 3.3 ml of the red bengal solution to the culture medium and stir thoroughly to evenly distribute it. Finally, add agar and heat until it is completely dissolved to form a uniform and transparent culture medium solution.

[0058] 2. Sterilization of culture medium The prepared culture medium is divided into sterilized containers and then placed in a high pressure steam sterilizer for sterilization. First, high pressure steam sterilization is performed at 121°C for 20 minutes to kill most microorganisms. Then, a second high pressure steam sterilization is performed at 145°C for 12 seconds to ensure that the culture medium is sterile.

[0059] 3. Fungal inoculation and cultivation Inoculation: After the culture medium has cooled to a temperature suitable for inoculation (usually about room temperature or slightly lower), use a sterile inoculation tool to inoculate the fungus to be cultured onto the culture medium under aseptic operation conditions. When inoculating, pay attention to aseptic operation to avoid contamination.

[0060] Cultivation: Place the inoculated culture medium in a constant temperature incubator at 25.5°C for cultivation. The cultivation period is 5 days, during which the growth of fungi on the culture medium is regularly observed. Fungal colonies usually appear in different shapes and colors, and some have special structures. When fungal colonies are clearly visible, it means that the fungi have been successfully cultivated.

[0061] IV. Collection and Storage of Inoculants When the fungal colonies reach the appropriate number and morphology, use sterile tools to pick the colonies and inoculate them on new sterile liquid culture media for purification and culture. The mixture of liquid culture media and microorganisms is centrifuged, filtered, and other techniques to precipitate the microorganisms, and the culture medium is removed. The fungal inoculant containing local soil microorganism species is prepared by dilution or concentration. The purified fungal inoculant can be stored in a sterile test tube or cryotube, with an appropriate amount of sterile glycerin or other protective agent added as a protective agent, and then placed in a refrigerator at 4°C for short-term storage or in a refrigerator at -20°C for long-term storage. When storing, be sure to mark the type, source, and storage date of the inoculant for subsequent use.

[0062] In summary, through the precise preparation of fungal culture medium, strict sterilization treatment, aseptic inoculation and cultivation, an inoculant containing local soil fungal species can be successfully prepared. This inoculant plays an important role in soil structure reconstruction and ecological restoration, can significantly improve soil quality, promote plant growth, and help maintain the balance of the ecosystem.

[0063] Regarding the control of the number of microbial inoculants, when preparing the inoculants of microbial species and applying them to the soil to be transformed, the number of microorganisms in the inoculants is strictly controlled. Specifically, the number of microorganisms in the inoculants is adjusted to 8%~10% according to the number of corresponding microorganisms naturally existing in the soil unit to which the soil to be transformed belongs. This ratio can ensure that the microorganisms play an effective role in the soil, while not causing unnecessary interference to the soil ecosystem due to excessive numbers.

[0064] It should also be noted that, in the specific implementation, when the soil to be transformed is inoculated with microbial species, since microbial inoculants include bacterial inoculants, actinomycete inoculants and fungal inoculants, when selecting inoculants, one or a combination of two or three inoculants can be selected to inoculate the soil as needed.

[0065] For the regular monitoring and adjustment steps, in order to ensure the continuous optimization of soil microbial communities and the stable improvement of soil structure, we perform soil remodeling operations every 6-8 months. Before each operation, we use the random multi-point mixing method to sample soil in each soil unit in each square area to ensure the representativeness and accuracy of the samples. When sampling, special attention is paid to obtaining soil samples at a depth of 20-40cm in the tillage layer. Subsequently, the collected soil samples are analyzed to evaluate the types and quantities of microorganisms in the soil and changes in the physical and chemical properties of the soil. According to the analysis results, the type and quantity of inoculants, as well as soil management strategies, are adjusted in a timely manner to achieve accurate remodeling of soil structure.

[0066] Experimental data 1. Bacterial culture experiment: Culture medium preparation: Accurately weigh 3.2 g beef extract, 11.0 g peptone, 5.2 g NaCl, and 20 g agar, add 1000 ml purified water, fully dissolve, and adjust the pH to 7.4 with NaOH solution.

[0067] Sterilization: Place the prepared culture medium into a high pressure steam sterilizer, first sterilize it at 120°C for 13 minutes, then sterilize it at 155°C for 10 seconds.

[0068] Sterility test: After being cultured in a 36°C greenhouse for 36 hours, no bacteria were found to grow, indicating that the sterilization was thorough.

[0069] Soil dilution: Weigh 11g of soil sample and put it into a conical flask with 100ml of purified water. Shake it to make 10 -1 Soil dilution, according to the 10-fold dilution method to obtain 10 -2 Dilution of soil suspension.

[0070] Inoculation culture: The soil suspension was inoculated on the sterilized culture medium and cultured at 37°C for 20 hours. Obvious colonies grew out, which were identified to contain a variety of local soil microorganisms and made into an effective inoculant. The inoculant was applied to the experimental soil area in a certain proportion. Subsequent monitoring found that the soil aggregate structure was significantly improved, the porosity increased by 15%, the soil water retention increased by 20%, the root system development accelerated in the early stage of crop growth, and the root length increased by an average of 10 cm compared with the control area.

[0071] Comparative Example 1 Culture medium adjustment: reduce beef extract to 2.5 g and peptone to 8 g, prepare the culture medium with other ingredients unchanged, and adjust the pH to 7.4.

[0072] Sterilization: Same sterilization steps as the experimental group.

[0073] Subsequent operations: Soil was collected, diluted, and inoculated in the same way. After culturing at 37°C for 24 hours, the colony growth was sparse and the species was single. After the inoculant was made and applied to the soil, the soil aggregates were not significantly improved, the porosity only increased by 5%, the water retention capacity increased by 8%, and the crop root growth was not significantly different from the control area.

[0074] Comparative Example 2 Sterilization changes: Only a single sterilization condition of 120°C for 20 minutes was used, and high-temperature instantaneous sterilization was not performed.

[0075] The remaining steps were the same as those of the experimental group. Results When the greenhouse culture was used to test the thoroughness of sterilization, a small amount of bacteria was found to grow. The subsequent inoculation culture was affected by contamination, the microbial growth was slow, and the bacteria interfered seriously. The prepared inoculant could not effectively improve the soil structure, and the soil indicators were similar to those of the untreated soil.

[0076] Conclusion: The bacterial culture effect of the present invention is better.

[0077] 2. Actinomycete culture experiment 1. When preparing the culture medium multiple times, the amount of soluble starch weighed was recorded as: 20.2g, 22.5g, and 24.8g respectively; Corresponding KNO 3 are: 0.82g, 0.88g, 0.9g; NaCl: 0.42g, 0.48g, 0.5g; K 2 HPO 4 ·3H 2 O: 0.52g, 0.55g, 0.6g; MgSO 4 7H 2 O: 0.51g, 0.58g, 0.6g; CaCl 2: 0.12g, 0.14g, 0.15g; MnSO 4 : 0.006g, 0.008g, 0.01g; FeSO 4 7H 2 O was accurately weighed to 0.01g, The adjusted pH values ​​were measured multiple times and were: 7.32, 7.38, 7.40 2. High pressure steam sterilization data 1) First sterilization (120℃-125℃, 11-13 minutes): Experiment 1: Set the temperature to 122°C for 12 minutes. At this time, the pressure in the sterilizer reaches 0.106MPa. Take out the culture medium. There is no abnormality such as discoloration or agglomeration in appearance, and the fluidity is good.

[0078] Experiment 2: 124°C, 13 minutes, pressure 0.108 MPa, the culture medium has a uniform texture, no precipitation is produced, and meets the requirements before inoculation.

[0079] Experiment 3: 120℃, 11 minutes, pressure 0.104MPa. Observe that the culture medium is not contaminated and proceed to the next step.

[0080] 2) Secondary sterilization (150℃-160℃, 8-12 seconds): Experiment 1: 155°C, 10 seconds, peak pressure 0.122MPa. The culture medium did not dry out or burn under short-term high temperature, and the color remained normal.

[0081] Experiment 2: 160℃, 8 seconds, 0.125MPa. After the experiment, the culture medium has no odor and the composition is stable, and can be used for subsequent inoculation.

[0082] Experiment 3: 150℃, 12 seconds, 0.118MPa, the culture medium is in good condition, providing a suitable basis for the growth of actinomycetes.

[0083] 3) Soil sample processing data Soil collection: Samples were collected from three different soil areas to be transformed, and the weighed masses were 10.3g, 11.2g, and 10.8g respectively. The appearance, color, and texture of the samples were slightly different, reflecting the soil characteristics of different areas.

[0084] Soil dilution preparation: 10 -1 The soil dilution was measured by turbidity meter, and the turbidity values ​​were 26NTU, 29NTU, and 27NTU respectively; -2 The turbidity of the diluted soil suspension was reduced to 2.6NTU, 2.9NTU, and 2.7NTU respectively, ensuring the appropriate concentration for subsequent inoculation.

[0085] 4) Actinomycete inoculation and culture data Experiment 1: After the soil suspension was inoculated into the culture medium, it was placed in a temperature and humidity controlled incubator with a set temperature of 28°C and a humidity of 65%. After 36 hours of incubation, a small number of white, fluffy actinomycete colonies began to appear, with a colony diameter of about 0.2-0.3mm. As time passed to 48 hours, the colonies gradually increased and grew in size, with a diameter of up to 0.5-1mm, and the color turned grayish white. The color of the surrounding culture medium changed slightly, and it was preliminarily judged that the actinomycetes grew well.

[0086] Experiment 2: Cultivated under the conditions of temperature of 27.5℃ and humidity of 63%, obvious actinomycete colonies were visible in about 40 hours, with a number of about 30-40 per plate. The colony morphology was radial and emitted a unique "earthy smell". Microscopic observation of the hyphae morphology confirmed that it contained a variety of local soil actinomycetes, and the inoculant containing local soil actinomycete species was successfully obtained.

[0087] Experiment 3: In a culture environment of 28.5℃ and 67% humidity, after 48 hours, the colonies grew vigorously. Some colonies were selected for molecular biological identification, which determined that the local actinomycete species were rich in diversity and the inoculant met the needs of subsequent soil structure remodeling experiments.

[0088] Comparative Example 3 Adjustment of culture medium configuration: The soluble starch content was reduced to 15 g, and other ingredients were slightly adjusted according to the original proportions to prepare a culture medium that was different from the standard formula, in order to explore the effect of carbon source on the growth of actinomycetes.

[0089] The adjusted pH value was 7.2, which deviated from the lower limit of the standard range.

[0090] Sterilization: Only one high-pressure steam sterilization at 120°C for 20 minutes was used without secondary high-temperature instantaneous sterilization, in an attempt to simulate the effect under simple sterilization conditions.

[0091] Soil sample processing and inoculation: Soil samples were collected from the same area as the experimental group, and 10 g was weighed to make soil dilution and inoculated.

[0092] After culturing for 48 hours at 28°C and 65% humidity, it was observed that the colony growth was sparse, with only a small number of scattered, tiny actinomycete colonies, most of which were less than 0.2 mm in diameter, whitish and dull in color, and there were signs of slight contamination by foreign bacteria on the surface of the culture medium. Microscopic observation revealed that the mycelium morphology was single, and it was preliminarily judged that the growth of actinomycetes was inhibited and the competitive advantage of foreign bacteria was enhanced, which was in sharp contrast to the results under standard culture conditions, indicating that appropriate culture medium formulation and sterilization process are crucial for actinomycete culture.

[0093] Comparative Example 4 Changes in culture medium configuration: Removal of MnSO 4 and FeSO 4 7H 2 O two ingredients, increase KNO 3 To 1.2g, the nutrient composition of the culture medium was changed to study the effects of specific trace element deficiency and changes in nitrogen source.

[0094] The pH value was adjusted to 7.5, which is higher than the upper limit of the standard.

[0095] Sterilization operation: The first sterilization was performed at 110°C for 15 minutes, and the second sterilization was performed at 140°C for 15 seconds. The sterilization temperature and time combinations were changed to investigate the consequences of different sterilization intensities.

[0096] Soil treatment and inoculation: Similarly, 11g of soil sample was taken to prepare suspension inoculation. After culturing for 36 hours at 27.5℃ and 63% humidity, almost no actinomycete colonies were formed. After 48 hours, only a very small number of suspected actinomycete microcolonies appeared, and the culture medium was abnormal in color and turbid. A large number of bacteria were found to be growing after testing, indicating that unreasonable adjustment of culture medium composition and inappropriate sterilization methods seriously hindered the growth of actinomycetes, highlighting the scientific nature and necessity of standard culture conditions.

[0097] Specific examples: A simulated soil erosion test device (using existing technology as long as it can meet the simulation requirements in this example) is used to simulate rainfall erosion tests under conditions of different slopes, different water contents, and different rainfall intensities, in order to verify that the application of microorganisms to the soil surface in cold black soil areas can effectively improve soil structural stability, significantly inhibit rainfall erosion, and prevent soil and water loss.

[0098] Effect of microbial application on rainfall erosion control in cold black soil region S1. Determine the soil to be modified, that is, the soil to be inoculated with microbial bacterial inoculants. The modified soil was collected in the Songnen Plain area of ​​Northeast China (45°N, 126°E). Due to continuous mechanical tillage, the soil structure in this area is loose and the erosion of sloping farmland is serious. After removing debris and air drying, the soil samples were crushed and sieved through a 2mm sieve. The soil boxes (soil boxes used to fill soil in the simulated soil erosion test device) were filled according to the physical and chemical properties of the soil in the soil sampling area to ensure uniform soil density, reduce edge effects and be consistent with the actual plot conditions.

[0099] S2. Go to the geomorphic unit with the largest number of microbial species (the same geomorphic unit as the soil to be transformed) to collect samples, and prepare microbial bacterial inoculant using the steps for making bacterial inoculant.

[0100] S3. The test was divided into a treatment group and a control group according to whether microorganisms were added. According to the slope range of the Songnen Plain, the slope of the test plot was set at 3°, 6°, and 9°. According to the average water content of the Songnen Plain, the test set three gradients of water content: 24.8%, 20%, and 16.5%.

[0101] S4. Determine whether the moisture content of each soil layer in the soil box is uniform through the data monitored in real time by the sensor. Then, spray the prepared microbial bacterial inoculant evenly on the soil surface according to a certain volume ratio by spraying.

[0102] S5. Use the simulated soil erosion test device to simulate rainfall erosion tests with different slopes, different water contents, different rainfall intensities, and different cloud layers.

[0103] In the above test, the Figure 2 and Figure 3 It can be seen that the particle size distribution of soil aggregates treated with microorganisms showed the same dynamic change pattern during the two-year freeze-thaw cycle, that is, the regulation of microorganisms promoted the transformation of small-sized soil aggregates to large and medium-sized soil aggregates ( Figure 2 , Figure 3 ). During the two-year freeze-thaw cycle test, the proportion of super-large soil aggregates (GMa) in the microbial treatment at different freeze-thaw stages was significantly higher than that in the control group, especially in the second year, when the significant difference was enhanced (P<0.01). Compared with the control group, the proportion of large-sized soil aggregates (LMa) in the microbial treatment was higher, 95.68% higher than the control group on average. The small-sized soil aggregates (SMa) in the microbial treatment were not significantly different from those in the control group at different freeze-thaw stages (P>0.1). The changes in micro-sized soil aggregates (Mi) were extremely significant (P<0.001). In summary, the intervention of microorganisms had a positive effect on the dynamic changes of the soil surface structure, and the positive effect became more significant with the increase of inoculation duration (P<0.001).

[0104] pass Figure 4 and Figure 5 It can be seen that soil porosity is a direct evidence for exploring the influence of microorganisms on the dynamic changes of soil structure under freeze-thaw cycles. After 90 days of freeze-thaw cycles, the T 2The spectrum shifted to the right as a whole, and the large and medium pores in the microbial treatment group were 18.29% higher than those in the control group on average. In summary, under the dual effects of freeze-thaw cycles and microbial inoculants, the total porosity of the soil increased significantly with the number of freeze-thaw cycles and the application of microbial inoculants. However, microorganisms can further slow down the trend of soil pore enlargement caused by freeze-thaw, which shows that the intervention of microorganisms has improved the cohesion of the soil against frost heave.

[0105] pass Figure 6 It can be seen that the experimental results of the species diversity of the soil surface microbial community under different treatments showed that the species diversity of the microbial treatment group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was extremely significant (P<0.01). Compared with the control group, the species diversity of the microbial treatment group increased by an average of 6.39%, which was significantly different (p<0.05). This shows that artificial inoculation of microorganisms has a significant positive effect on the species diversity of the soil surface microbial community.

[0106] pass Figure 7 and Figure 8 It can be seen that artificial inoculation of microorganisms on the soil surface can significantly reduce the runoff and soil loss during rainfall erosion. When the rainfall intensity was 70 mm / h, the microbial treatment group significantly (P<0.01) reduced the soil loss by 66.67% and the runoff by 39.79% compared with the control group. When the rainfall intensity was 100 mm / h, the microbial treatment group significantly (P<0.01) reduced the soil loss by 55.89% and the runoff by 29.23% compared with the control group. Moreover, the comparison of the rainfall experiment results in the first year and the second year shows that as the inoculation time of the microbial inoculant in the soil surface increases, its ability to inhibit rainfall erosion becomes stronger.

[0107] In summary, applying microorganisms to the soil surface in cold black soil areas can effectively improve the stability of soil structure and have a significant inhibitory effect on rainfall erosion. This method can effectively prevent soil and water loss.

[0108] The present invention has been disclosed as follows with better results, but it is only a way to verify the invention. In addition, any technology involved in the present invention obtained from the outside can be modified and modified in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, but it should be defined in the claims within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0109] The number of devices and processing scales described here are used to simplify the description of the present invention. Applications, modifications and variations of the present invention will be obvious to those skilled in the art.

[0110] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and the implementation modes, and they can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A method for reshaping soil structure based on local soil microbial communities, characterized in that: include: S1. In the soil sampling area, it is divided into several geomorphic units according to the topography and several soil units according to the soil properties; S2, comparing the microbial species of the same geomorphic unit, if the species difference is less than a first predetermined threshold, merging the same geomorphic units, and assigning the maximum value of the microbial species to all merged geomorphic units as the microbial species of the merged geomorphic unit; S3, comparing the number of microorganisms in the same soil units, if the number difference is less than a second predetermined threshold, merging the same soil units, and assigning the maximum number of microorganisms to all merged soil units as the number of microorganisms in the merged soil units; S4. According to the geomorphological unit to which the soil to be transformed belongs, prepare the corresponding microbial species inoculant and apply it to the surface of the soil to be transformed. The amount applied is 6%-12% of the number of microorganisms corresponding to the soil unit to which the soil to be transformed belongs, so as to reshape the soil structure of the soil to be transformed through local microorganisms.

2. The method for reshaping soil structure based on local soil microbial communities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of making an inoculant of the corresponding microbial species includes making a bacterial inoculant, comprising the following steps: S410, preparing a culture medium for culturing bacteria, comprising: 3.0-3.5 g beef extract, 10.0-12.0 g peptone, 5.0-5.5 g NaCl, 15-25 g agar, and 1000 ml purified water, and adjusting the pH value to 7.4-7.5; S411. Sterilize the culture medium for culturing bacteria with high pressure steam, and then culture it in a greenhouse at 35°C-37°C for 24-48 hours to check the thoroughness of sterilization; S412, collecting soil samples from the location where the microbial species in the geomorphic unit to which the soil to be transformed belongs are at the maximum value, and preparing soil suspensions of different gradients; S413. Inoculate the prepared soil suspension on a sterilized culture medium, and culture it at a temperature of 36.6°C-37.2°C for 18-24 hours until obvious colonies grow, and then prepare an inoculant containing local soil microbial bacterial species.

3. The method for reshaping soil structure based on local soil microbial communities according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The process of making an inoculant of the corresponding microbial species includes making an actinomycete inoculant, comprising the following steps: S420, preparing a culture medium for culturing actinomycetes, comprising: 20-25 g soluble starch, 0.8-0.9 g KNO3, 0.4-0.5 g NaCl, 0.5-0.6 g K2HPO4·3H2O, 0.5-0.6 g MgSO4·7H2O, 0.1-0.15 g CaCl2, 0.005-0.01 g MnSO4, 0.01 g FeSO4·7H2O and 20 g agar, the solvent is 1000 ml purified water, the pH value is adjusted to 7.3-7.4, and the culture medium for culturing actinomycetes is sterilized by high-pressure steam; S421, collecting soil samples from the location where the microbial species are at the maximum in the geomorphic unit to which the soil to be transformed belongs, and preparing soil suspensions of different gradients; S422. Inoculate the prepared soil suspension on the sterilized culture medium at a temperature of 27.5℃-28.5℃ and a humidity of 63%-67% for 36-48 hours until actinomycete colonies gradually appear, and then make an inoculant containing local soil actinomycete species.

4. The method for reshaping soil structure based on local soil microbial communities according to claim 3, characterized in that: The process of making an inoculant of the corresponding microbial species includes making a fungal inoculant, comprising the following steps: S430, preparing a culture medium for culturing fungi, comprising: 5-6 g of peptone, 10-12 g of glucose, 0.8-0.9 g of KH2PO4, 0.4-0.45 g of MgSO4·7H2O, 15-20 g of agar, and 1000 ml of purified water, and adding 3.3 ml of 1% Bengal rose aqueous solution and 3-3.5 ml of 1% streptomycin solution as an antibacterial agent and an indicator, and sterilizing the culture medium for culturing fungi with high-pressure steam; S431, collecting soil samples from the location where the microbial species are at their maximum in the geomorphic unit to which the soil to be transformed belongs, and preparing soil suspensions of different gradients; S432. Inoculate the prepared soil suspension on the sterilized culture medium, and place the inoculated culture medium in a constant temperature incubator at 23°C-28°C for 3-7 days until the fungal colonies are clearly visible, and then prepare an inoculant containing local soil fungal species.

5. The method for reshaping soil structure based on local soil microbial communities according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: S5. Regular monitoring and adjustment, specifically: Perform soil remodeling operations every 6-8 months to ensure continuous optimization of soil microbial communities and stable improvement of soil structure; Before each soil remodeling operation, soil sampling was carried out in each soil unit of each square area. The random multi-point mixing method was used to obtain soil samples at a depth of 20-40 cm in the cultivated layer.

6. The method for reshaping soil structure based on local soil microbial communities according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1 is specifically as follows: S110, determining the longitude and latitude of the area where soil sampling is to be performed, and dividing the entire area into several small square areas with longitude intervals of 0.2°-0.5° and latitude intervals of 0.2°-0.5°; S111. In each square area, according to the different terrain slopes, it is divided into steep slopes with a slope greater than 20°, gentle slopes with a slope between 8° and 20°, flat land with a slope less than 8°, and valley landform units; S112. In each square area, the soil is divided into black soil, chernozem soil, meadow soil and saline-alkali soil units according to different soil properties; S113. Soil sampling was carried out in each landform unit in each square area, and the random multi-point mixing method was used to collect soil samples of cultivated land. The soil of the 0-20cm layer was sampled in each soil unit of each square area, and the soil of the 0-40cm tillage layer was collected by random multi-point mixing method; S114. Detect the types and quantities of microorganisms in each sampled soil.

7. The method for reshaping soil structure based on local soil microbial communities as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that When the inoculant of the corresponding microorganism species is prepared and applied to the soil to be transformed, the number of microorganisms in the inoculant should be controlled to be 8% to 10% of the number of corresponding microorganisms in the soil unit to which the soil to be transformed belongs.

8. The method for reshaping soil structure based on local soil microbial communities as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that In step S4, the soil to be transformed is divided into blocks by calculating the merged geomorphic unit data and the merged soil unit data in the square area.

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