Seeding machine driven in groups

Abstract

The invention relates to a seeding machine driven in groups, which belongs to the field of agricultural machinery and comprises seeding row units, adjusters and seed-metering devices, the adjusters are additionally arranged on the seeding machine, and all the seed-metering devices of the seeding machine are divided into a front row and a rear row; all the seed-metering devices of the seeder are divided into a front row and a rear row, the seed-metering devices located in the front row are driven by a second driving shaft, and the seed-metering devices located in the rear row are driven by a first driving shaft; during working, the seed-metering rotation angle of the seed-metering device in the front row is positioned by the seed-metering rotation angle of the seed-metering device in the rear row, so that the seeding machine enables seeds between adjacent rows to be arranged in a preset staggered mode in the advancing direction, and when the seeding plant spacing is changed, the staggered mode of the seeds can be changed; the angle adjuster can be used for changing the seed metering position of the seed metering device in the front row, so that a preset staggered mode can be recovered for seed distribution, and reasonable arrangement of seeds is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a group-driven seeder. Background Art

[0002] According to the current planter requirements, multiple rows of seeds need to be sown on one ridge. Each row of seeds has a corresponding sowing row unit, and each row unit is equipped with a rotary seed meter. Multiple sowing row units work together. In order to avoid mutual interference, a front-to-back arrangement is adopted. This arrangement can achieve precise seeding at a certain plant spacing. Precise seeding means that the seed meters of adjacent rows along the forward direction of the seed meter alternately sow seeds, resulting in the so-called triangular seedling or crooked seedling mode, so that the nutrition of various seeds is balanced, such as Fig.13 The triangle pattern is connected by the dotted line. When the spacing between plants changes, the relationship between adjacent rows becomes worse, and in severe cases, the seeds in adjacent rows are parallel. To achieve accurate seeding at any spacing between plants, a sowing device that can adjust the seeding position of adjacent rows at any time is needed. The domestic new patent CN222485296U discloses a sowing row unit that can change the position of adjacent row seeds by moving the row unit. Its structure is complex and inconvenient to adjust. Therefore, a sowing device with a simple structure, reliable operation, and convenient and fast adjustment is needed to reduce the burden on farmers. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a group-driven seeder to solve the aforementioned technical problems.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is a group-driven seeder, which divides all seed-seeding devices into a front row and a rear row. The seed-seeding devices in the front row are powered by a second drive shaft, and the seed-seeding devices in the rear row are powered by a first drive shaft. The rotation speeds of the seed-seeding devices in the front row and the rear row are equal during operation. When installed for the first time, all seed-seeding devices have a unified starting position of a seed-seeding disk, that is, any seed-taking spoon on the seed-seeding disk is selected to align it with a certain point on the outer shell of the seed-seeding device. All seed-seeding devices are positioned in the same way, and the adjuster handle is returned to zero position. In this way, the starting rotation angles of all seed-seeding devices are consistent and the rotation speeds are the same, so seeds are seeded simultaneously during operation. At this time, it is defined that the seed-seeding angle difference between the seed-seeding devices in the front row and the seed-seeding devices in the rear row is zero. The present invention further installs an adjuster between the gearbox and the second drive shaft of the seeder. The adjuster can adjust the rotation of the output shaft relative to the input shaft within a certain range when the input shaft does not rotate. When the output shaft rotates along the working direction of the input shaft, it is defined that the output shaft is advanced relative to the input shaft rotation angle. When the output shaft works in the opposite direction of the input shaft, the output shaft is advanced relative to the input shaft rotation angle. When the steering rotation is in progress, it is defined as the output shaft lagging behind the input shaft rotation angle. This advanced or delayed rotation angle is constant when the seeding device is working normally. What is finally changed through the transmission of the shaft tooth chain is the seeding time (position) of the front row seeding device. An angle scale is printed on the top of the adjuster. When the adjustment handle is moved in the direction of "+", the seeding disc of the front row seeding device rotates in the working direction, and the seeding time is advanced (relative to the seeding time when it is not adjusted or the seeding time and position of the unadjusted seeding device in the rear row). At this time, the position of the discharged seeds moves backward (compared with the original seeding position). When the adjustment handle is adjusted in the direction of "-", the seeding disc of the front row seeding device rotates against the working steering direction, and the seeding time is delayed (lagged). At this time, the position of the discharged seeds moves forward (relative to the seeding time of the unadjusted seeding device or the seeding time and position of the unadjusted seeding device in the rear row). Delayed seeding can move the seeds from point A (wrong seeding point) to point B (optimal seeding point). The forward movement of seeds refers to the movement of seeds in the direction in which the seeding device moves forward.

[0005] The beneficial effects of the present invention are that the adjustment is simple, only one handle is needed for adjustment, and the handle is fixed by one screw, the adjustment is fast, all the seeding devices that need to be adjusted in the seeder can be adjusted at one time, the operation is reliable, and the manufacturing is easy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] Figure 1 , is a front view of the adjuster of the present invention, which is a square hexahedron structure as a whole. In the front, the front end of the input shaft 14, the input gear 1, the tensioner outer arm 13, the tensioner spring 12, the arm shaft 17, the upper end with an angle mark 38, the adjustment handle 10, the rotation direction indicator of the gear 1, note that it cannot be used in reverse, and the rest of the dotted line parts are not visible inside the adjuster; Figure 2, is a rear view of the regulator of the present invention, in which the output shaft 15, the output gear 6, the output gear rotation direction indicator 40, and the upper end adjustment handle 10 can be seen, and the remaining dotted line parts are not visible inside or outside the housing; Figure 3 , is a cross-sectional view of the regulator of the present invention. Since the input shaft 14 and the output shaft 15 are almost in the same plane, the entire input shaft 14 is drawn at the bottom, and only the end of the input shaft and the input gear 1 are drawn at the top to indicate their actual working positions; Figure 4 , is the long chain 21 of the present invention and the gears thereof meshing with each other; Figure 5 , the short chain 22 of the present invention and the gears thereof meshing with each other, the adjusting handle 10 and the various holes and parts installed thereon; Figure 6 , is a rear view of the position diagram of the parts assembled together in the present invention; Figure 7 , is a schematic diagram of the working transmission of the adjuster 30 and the auxiliary adjuster 25 of the present invention. For reliable operation, all transmission chains and gears are provided with an anti-chain jumping device 29, which is close to the chain during operation but does not press it; Figure 8 , is a schematic diagram of the installation and transmission of the simple adjuster of the present invention when working on a seed drill; Fig. 9 , is an exploded view of the simplified adjuster 78 and the auxiliary adjuster assembly 25 of the present invention. The structures of the two are exactly the same, and the auxiliary adjuster has no angle markings; Fig.10 , is a top view of the seed drill of the present invention. For the sake of clarity, the parts of two seed drill units are not fully drawn. Please refer to the other row of figures and Fig.11 , Fig.12 ; Fig.11 , is a left view of the integrated sowing row unit of the present invention; Fig.12 , is a right side view of the integrated sowing row unit of the present invention; Fig.13 , is a schematic diagram of a sowing pattern in which the front-to-rear distance between the front-row seed metering device 62 and the rear-row seed metering device 52 is fixed at 40 cm, the seeding interval angle of the seeding discs 52, 62 is 30 degrees, and the plant spacing is 40 cm in an embodiment of the present invention. The sowing position represented by the solid circle on the right side of the figure is the position of the seeds discharged after the rotation angle of the seeding disc of the front-row seed metering device 62 is delayed by 15 degrees and repositioned based on the rotation angle of the seeding disc of the rear-row seed metering device 52. It forms an isosceles triangle pattern with the seeds discharged by the rear-row seed metering device 52 on the left side. The figure connected by the dotted line in the figure is the optimal sowing pattern. The seeds discharged by the front-row seed metering device are exactly at the vertex B of the isosceles triangle, which is the optimal seed placement position. Fig.13 The seed position represented by the double dotted circle is when the initial rotation angle difference of the seeding discs of the front and rear rows of seeding devices 62 and 52 is zero, that is, the seeding pattern when the front and rear rows of seeding devices are sowing at the same time. It can be seen that the seeds in adjacent rows appear in parallel; Fig.14 , is a schematic diagram of a sowing pattern in which the front-to-back distance of the seed metering device is fixed at 40 cm, the seeding interval angle of the seeding discs of the seed metering devices 52 and 62 is 30 degrees, and the plant spacing is 30 cm. The sowing position represented by the solid circle on the right side of the figure is the seed position after the seeding disc of the front row seed metering device 62 is repositioned after a delay of 5 degrees based on the seeding disc angle of the rear row seed metering device 52. It forms an isosceles triangle pattern with the seeds discharged by the rear row seed metering device on the left, as shown in the pattern connected by the dotted line in the figure, which is the best pattern for arranging seeds in adjacent rows. The seed position discharged by the front row seed metering device on the right side is exactly at the position of the vertex B of the isosceles triangle. The seed position represented by the dotted double circle in the figure is the wrong position caused by the simultaneous seeding of the two rows of seed metering devices 62 and 52 when the starting angle difference of the front and rear rows of seed metering devices 62 and 52 is zero. Fig.15 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of seeds in adjacent rows when the front and rear row seeders are fixed at 40 cm in the embodiment of the present invention, the seeding interval of the seeders 52 and 62 is 30 degrees, and the spacing between plants is 60 cm. The sowing position represented by the solid circle on the right side of the figure is the position where the seeding disc of the front row seeder 62 is repositioned after a delay of 25 degrees based on the rotation angle of the seeding disc of the rear row seeder 52. An isosceles triangle pattern is formed between it and the seeds discharged by the rear row seeder on the left side, and its position is exactly at the position of the vertex B of the triangle connected by the dotted line, forming a perfect sowing pattern. Fig.15 The seeding position represented by the dotted double small circle on the right side of the middle row is the pattern when the two rows of seeders in the front and rear rows simultaneously seed when the difference in the starting rotation angles is zero. It cannot form an isosceles triangle pattern with the seeds on the left, so its position is wrong; Fig.16 , is a schematic diagram showing that the initial rotation angles of all seeding discs of the seeding device of the present invention are uniformly positioned with a certain point of the housing as a base point; Fig.17 , is a structural view of the semi-electric group-driven seed drill of the present invention; Fig.18 , is a structural view of the fully electric drive group drive seed drill of the present invention; Parts Description: 1. Input gear, 2. Driving gear, 3. Driven gear, 4. Transmission gear, 5. Transmission gear, 6. Output gear, 7. Anti-chain jump gear, 8. Anti-chain jump gear, 9. Tensioner, 10. Adjustment handle, 11. Tensioner inner arm, 12. Tensioner spring, 13. Tensioner outer arm, 14. Input shaft, 15. Output shaft, 16. Intermediate shaft, 17. Arm shaft, 18. Housing, 19. Anti-chain jump bearing, 20. Locking screw, 21. Long chain, 22. Short chain, 23. Tensioner, 24. Bearing, 25. Sub-adjuster, 26. Gear, 27. Second drive shaft, 28. First drive shaft, 29. Anti-jump chain bearing, 30. Adjuster, 31. Gear, 32. Drive chain, 33. Adjuster base, 34. Adjuster gear, 35. Locking screw, 36. Waist hole, 37. Fixing screw, 38. Angle scale, 39. Gear mark, 40. Rotation indication, 41. Seeder crossbeam, 42. Second drive group gear, 43. U-shaped bolt, 44. First drive group gear, 45. Transmission intermediate shaft, 46. Four-link assembly, 47. Front half of row unit, 48. Parallel connecting rod, 49. Swing shaft, 50. Center shaft, 51. Connecting shaft, 52. Rear seeding device, 53. Single suppression Wheel, 54, furrowing disc, 55, depth limiting wheel, 56, small soil supporter, 57, pivot shaft, 58, left rear half of row unit, 59, pressure wheel frame, 60, right rear half of row unit, 61, seeding device shaft, 62, front seeding device, 63, gear 63, 64, double pressure wheels, 65, flange waist hole, 66, bracket, 67, four-link shaft, 68, seeding device gear, 69, depth adjustment wrench, 70, pressure adjustment wrench, 71, long hole, 72, middle double gear, 73, washer, 74, spacer, 75, pressure spring, 76, spacer tube, 77, shell mark, 78, simple adjuster, 79, nut, 80, flange nut; The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0007] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to better explain the present invention and cannot limit the present invention. The specific implementation of the present invention is, Example 1, taking the connected sowing row unit as an example to introduce the specific implementation, such as Fig.10 , Fig.11 , Fig.12The one-piece sowing row unit is composed of a front half 47 and two rear halves (left side 58) (right side 60). The two rear halves of the row unit are arranged in a front-to-back staggered manner. This embodiment is introduced by taking the right side in front and the left side in the back as an example. The front half 47 of the sowing row unit is fixedly installed on the seeder crossbeam 41 through a four-link assembly 46 and a U-bolt 43. The four-link assembly has four joint shafts (four-link shafts 67), and the sowing row unit connected thereto can generate an up and down pivoting motion with the seeder crossbeam 41. The connection The left rear half 58 and the right rear half 60 of the one-piece sowing row unit are pivotally connected to the front half 47 of the one-piece sowing row unit through the parallel connecting rod 48 on the same side, respectively. The two ends of the parallel connecting rod 48 are provided with pivot shafts 57. The parallel connecting rod 48 is pivotally connected to the middle position between the front half 47 of the one-piece sowing row unit and the two rear halves (left side 58 and right side 60) of the one-piece sowing row unit through the pivot shaft 57, playing the role of movable hinge connection between the front and rear halves and maintaining basic vertical movement when the two rear halves float up and down. A swing shaft center shaft 50 is fixedly installed at the rear lower part of the front half 47 of the one-piece sowing row unit, and a longitudinally arranged swing shaft 49 is pivotally installed thereon. Horizontal long holes are opened at both ends of the swing shaft 49 so that the swing shaft connecting shaft 51 can be displaced forward and backward during operation. There are two swing shaft connecting shafts 51, and its appearance is a large bolt, but its head is not hexagonal, but ingot-shaped, such as Fig.10 The end of the connecting shaft 51 enlarged in the figure is matched with the internal threaded holes at the lower front end of the two rear halves (left 58, right 60) of the sowing row unit by external threads, and is fixedly installed at the lower front end of the rear halves of the two row units and fastened with nuts 79. Fig.10When disassembling, rotate the ends 90 degrees so that they can be disengaged from the horizontal long holes at the ends of the swing shaft. The swing shaft connecting shaft 51 has a reserved adjustment length of 5 cm. When adjusting, the swing shaft connecting shaft 51 can be screwed inward according to the distance to be adjusted, and the two rear halves (left side 58, right side 60) of the one-piece sowing row unit are pushed outward to adjust the distance between the rear halves of the two row units (left side 58, right side 60). The adjustment is completed in conjunction with the adjustment of the parallel connecting rod 48. The specific adjustment method is: the front end pivot shaft of the parallel connecting rod 48 has a reserved adjustment length of 5 cm, that is, the length of the parallel connecting rod 48 moving outward, and the washer 73 on the outside of the pivot shaft 57 is moved to the inside of the pivot shaft, and the parallel connecting rod 48 is moved to the outside of the pivot shaft. The inner direction is the direction of the central axis of the one-piece sowing row unit, and the outer side is away from the central axis of the one-piece sowing row unit. When adjusting, the pivot shaft 57 can be removed, and the rear half of the sowing row unit (left side 58, right side 60) is moved outward. At this time, the screw 79 should be loosened first, and then the swing shaft connecting shaft 51 should be screwed inward according to the distance to be moved. The parallel connecting rod 48 pivot shaft 57 is adjusted together, and the rear half of the sowing row unit (left side 58, right side 60) can move outward. After the adjustment, the flange screws 80 and nuts 79 are reinstalled. The function of the swing shaft is to make the two rear halves of the sowing row unit produce associated movement, the left side rises and the right side falls, the right side rises and the left side falls, so that the left and right sides can achieve independent contour sowing. A seed furrowing disc 54 and a depth-limiting wheel 55 are rotatably installed below the rear half of the one-piece sowing row unit (on the side 58, right side 60). The depth of furrowing is adjusted with a depth adjustment wrench 69. The seed furrowing disc 54 is used to furrow seeds for planting, and the depth-limiting wheel 55 is used to adjust the depth of furrowing. It is used to limit the depth of the groove opened by the furrowing disc 54. The depth limiting wheel 55 floats up and down together with the furrowing disc 54 during operation and follows the shape of the ground. The small soil supporter is used to support the seed furrow to cover the seeds with soil. The two rear halves of the one-piece sowing row unit (on the side 58, the right side 60) are movably installed with a pressing wheel 64. The function of the pressing wheel is to compact the loose soil. A single pressing wheel 53 or a double pressing wheel 64 can be selected according to different crop degrees, and the pressure can be adjusted by a pressure lever. The pressing wheel frame 59 can also be replaced;The rear-row seed meter 52 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the left rear half 58 of the one-piece sowing row unit, and the rear-row seed meter 52 receives the power of the first drive shaft 28 transmitted by the transmission chain 32 through the seed meter gear 68 to rotate and sow seeds. The front-row seed meter 62 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the right rear half 60 of the one-piece sowing row unit, and the seed meter 62 receives the power of the second drive shaft 27 transmitted by the transmission chain 32 through the seed meter gear 68 to rotate and sow seeds. The transmission chain 32 is divided into front and rear two sections of transmission, and the front and rear sections of the transmission chain 32 are connected by an intermediate double gear 72 in the middle. 72 is rotatably mounted on the transmission intermediate shaft 45 through a bearing, and the transmission intermediate shaft 45 is fixed on the front half 47 of the sowing row unit. The front and rear sections of the transmission chain are both equipped with a tensioning wheel 23 and an anti-jumping chain bearing 29. The anti-jumping chain bearing is fixedly installed nearby, and the installation position is not shown in the figure. The first drive shaft 28 is rotatably mounted on the seeder crossbeam 41 through a bearing and a bracket 66, and its power comes from a gearbox; the second drive shaft 27 is rotatably mounted on the seeder crossbeam 41 through a bearing and a bracket 66, and its power comes from an adjuster 30, and the power of the adjuster 30 comes from the first drive shaft 28, such as; Figure 7 , the first route of power transmission of the whole seeder: speed-taking ground wheel (not shown) → gearbox → gearbox output gear 63 → transmission chain 32 → first drive input gear 31 → first drive shaft 28 → first drive group gear 44 → transmission chain 32 → seeding device gear 68 → seeding device shaft 61 → rear seeding device 52; the second route of power transmission of the seeder: first drive shaft 28 → gear 26 → adjuster input gear 1 → input shaft 14 → adjuster → output shaft 15 → output gear 6 transmission chain → 32-auxiliary adjuster 25 → second drive shaft 27 → second drive group sprocket 42-transmission chain 32 → seeding device gear 68 → seeding device shaft 61 → front seeding device 62; like Figure 7 As shown, all seeding devices are arranged crosswise in front and back, divided into two rows, the seeding devices in the front row are powered by the second drive shaft 27, and the seeding devices in the rear row are powered by the first drive shaft 28. When all seeding devices are installed for the first time, Fig.16 Method unified positioning, specific method: select a point on the seed meter housing, such as Fig.1677 in the figure is the reference point. A certain seeding spoon of the rotary seeding device is aligned with the reference point. All seeding devices use the same method to locate the starting point. All seeding devices have the same model. All chains are hung. At this time, the mark on the adjuster handle is aligned with the zero mark. The transmission chain between the adjuster output gear 6 and the auxiliary adjuster 25 gear may not be in the right driving tension state. The chain on the force-bearing side of the chain should be tightened when the chain is working. At this time, the auxiliary adjuster can be adjusted. First loosen the locking screw 35. At this time, the auxiliary adjuster gear 34 and the auxiliary adjuster base 33 can slide coaxially to tighten the chain on the force-bearing side when the chain is working normally. After the adjustment is completed, tighten the locking screw 35. The best position seeding adjustment method: As mentioned above, all seeders are positioned at the same point on the shell when they are first installed, and all seeders are working at the same time. Fig.13 The solid circle on the left row represents the seeding situation when the left rear row seed meter is working. Its seeding time is fixed and cannot be adjusted. The solid circle on the right row represents the correct optimal seeding position. The dotted line in the figure connects the seeds on the left row and the seeds in the correct position on the right row into an isosceles triangle pattern in order to better illustrate the problem. The correct position of the seeds on the right row should be the position of vertex B in the isosceles triangle. Fig.13 The dotted double circle in the middle represents the wrong seeding position when all seeders are seeding at the same time. The direction of the arrow in the figure is the forward direction of the seeding device when it is working. Therefore, in order to achieve perfect seeding in the right row (the position of vertex B in the isosceles triangle), the seed position represented by the dotted double circle in the right row must be moved forward from point A to point B. Delayed seeding can achieve forward movement of seeds. After trial sowing, the covering soil is removed. The actual measurement shows that the distance from point A to point B is 20 cm. In this embodiment, Fig.13 , Fig.14 , Fig.15 The front and rear distance of the middle seeding device is fixed at 40cm. Taking the finger clamp type as an example, the finger clamp plate rotates one circle to discharge 12 seeds, and the seeding interval angle is 30 degrees. Fig.13 The two large discs in the middle are schematic diagrams of the seeding disc. The four squares represent the positions of the seeding devices. The solid small circles represent the correct seeding positions. The dotted double circles in the figure represent the wrong positions caused by the simultaneous seeding of adjacent seeding devices. The method for adjusting the seeding position is as follows: Since the position of the seeding device is fixed, the seeding time (rotation angle) can only be changed to change the position of the seeds in the right row. First, calculate the ratio of the current plant spacing to the seeding interval angle. The value represents the distance in centimeters that the seeding device moves forward for each rotation of the seeding disc. The distance between adjacent seeds along the forward direction of the seeding device is called the plant spacing. Fig.13 The average plant spacing is 40 cm. The angle between two adjacent finger clips (seeding points) along the rotation direction of the seeding disc is called the seeding interval angle. Fig.13The seeding disc represented by the medium and large disc has a seeding interval angle of 30 degrees; the measured distance divided by the ratio of the plant spacing and the seeding angle is equal to the angle that the seeding disc needs to be adjusted. The adjustment direction of the seeding disc---adjusting along the working direction of the seeding disc will advance the seeding time and move the seeds backward. Adjusting the direction against the working direction of the seeding disc will delay the seeding time and move the seeds forward; this example is delayed seeding, so it is necessary to adjust against the working direction of the seeding disc. For example: the distance that needs to be delayed this time is 20cm, the plant spacing in this example is 40cm, and the seeding interval angle of the seeding device in this example is 30 degrees. The calculation formula is: measured distance 20cm ÷ (40cm plant spacing ÷ 30 seeding angle) = 15° Adjust the adjuster handle 10 and move it 15 degrees from the O position to the "1" direction. After the adjustment is completed, lock the handle with the locking screw 20. The angle scale of the adjuster is based on the actual rotation angle of the seeding device. In this example, for the convenience of explanation, the gear 26, the adjuster 30 input gear 1, the adjuster 30 output gear 6, the auxiliary adjuster 25, the second drive group gear 42, the intermediate double gear 72, and the seeding device gear 68 are driven by the transmission chain 32, and the transmission ratio is 1:1. In practice, the transmission ratio can be varied, but the scale marks are all the actual rotation angles of the seeding device. The result of the calculation is that the actual scale of the adjuster scale is calculated from zero to adjust the handle 10 to zero. When adjusting, just move the handle to align the angle according to the calculation result; Fig.14 The plant spacing is 30cm, and the measured distance AB = 5cm, that is, the distance from the wrong point A to the correct point B is 5cm. According to the calculation formula: The measured delay distance is 5cm÷(plant spacing 30÷rowing angle 30)=5 degrees. Move the mark of the adjuster handle from zero position to scale 5 in the "one" direction (delay 5 degrees). Note that the calculation result is theoretical data. In principle, two row seeders are used to plant seeds at the same time during trial sowing, and the zero position of the adjustment handle is the reference zero position. However, due to installation accuracy and ground wheel slippage, there may be some errors in one adjustment. If you need to correct it, you can make fine adjustments after trial sowing. Fig.15 This is the seeding situation when the plant spacing is 60 cm. The seeds at the wrong position of point A in the right row are measured to be 50 cm away from the correct position of point B in front and 10 cm away from the correct position of point B in the back. According to the formula, the delayed seeding distance is 50÷(40÷30)=25 degrees, and the advanced seeding distance is 10÷(60÷30)=5 degrees. According to the calculation results, the seeds at point A move forward 50 cm, which is delayed seeding. It is necessary to adjust the seeding disc 25 degrees against the working direction. The seeds at point A move backward 10 cm, which is early seeding. It is necessary to adjust the seeding disc 5 degrees along the working direction. It can be seen from the example that for the same seeding angle, but different plant spacing, the distance that the seeding device moves forward for each degree of rotation of the seeding disc is different, that is, the ratio of the plant spacing to the seeding angle is different. For the same plant spacing, the seeding angle of the selected seeding disc is different, and the ratio of the plant spacing to the seeding angle is also different. The distance that the seeding device moves forward for each degree of rotation of the seeding disc is also different. The working principle of the regulator is that its overall structure is a square structure, such as Figure 1 It is a front view thereof. In front of the housing 18, an input shaft 14 can be seen extending from the inside of the housing 18 to the outside of the housing 18, on which an input gear 1 is fixedly mounted. The input shaft 14 is rotatably mounted on the front wall and the rear wall of the adjuster housing 18 through a bearing 24, and its front end extends out of the housing 18 to introduce power into the housing. The outer arm 13 of the tensioning wheel 9 and the tensioning spring 12 providing tension for the tensioning wheel 9 can also be seen. The upper part of the housing 18 is the open end of the adjustment handle 10, which extends from the inside of the housing 18 to the outside of the housing 18. When adjusting, move the external adjustment handle 10 to the left or right to change the relative angle between the output shaft and the input shaft. After the adjustment is completed, tighten it with a locking screw 20 to keep the position unchanged during work; Figure 2 This is a rear view of the adjustment device, in which the end of the output shaft 15 can be seen, on which the output gear 6 is fixedly mounted. The output shaft 15 is rotatably mounted on the front wall and the rear wall of the adjuster housing 18 through bearings 24, and it leads the internal power out of the housing 18. Figure 3 The left side cross-sectional view of the regulator, because the input shaft 14 and the output shaft 15 are installed in the housing substantially parallel, and the input shaft 14 is in front of the output shaft 15 when viewing, so Figure 3 In the installation position of the input shaft 14, only the front half of the input shaft 14 is drawn, and the entire input shaft 14 is drawn in Figure 3 The input shaft 14 and the output shaft 15 are rotatably mounted on the front wall and the rear wall of the regulator housing 18 through bearings 24 respectively; Working principle Figure 4 , the driving gear 2 is meshed with the driven gear 3 and the tensioning wheel 9 together with the long chain 21 for transmission, and the toothed chain meshes to transmit power. The anti-chain jumping gear 7 is rotatably mounted on the output shaft 15 through the bearing 24, and its direction is opposite to the output shaft 15. The anti-chain jumping gear is close to the driving gear 2 during operation to prevent the driving gear from jumping the chain during operation, and the anti-chain jumping gear 8 prevents the driven gear 3 from jumping the chain during operation. The figure shows the working principle, not the actual size diagram, and the actual size cannot be limited by the size in the figure. The transmission gear 4 and the transmission wheel 5 are meshed with the short chain 22 for transmission. The anti-chain jumping bearing 19 is the tensioning wheel of the short chain 22, and is also used for anti-chain jumping. The tensioning wheel 9 is provided with tension by the spring 12 through the inner support arm 11 and the outer support arm 13; like Figure 3 , Figure 2 The tension wheel is installed at the end of the inner arm 11, the inner arm 11 is fixedly installed at the rear end of the arm shaft 17, the outer arm 13 is fixedly installed at the front end of the arm shaft 17, and the arm shaft 17 is installed below the front wall of the housing 18 through the bearing 24. The working principle is as follows: Figure 3The front end of the input shaft 14 is fixedly mounted with an input gear 1 for receiving power from the gearbox, and then transmits the power to the driving gear 2 fixedly mounted in the middle of the input shaft through the input shaft 14, and the driving gear 2 transmits the power to the driven gear 3 through the long chain 21. Figure 4 As shown, the driven gear 3 is fixedly mounted on the front end of the intermediate shaft 16, and the intermediate shaft 16 is rotatably mounted on the adjustment handle through the bearing 24, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 Therefore, the power can be transmitted from the intermediate shaft to the transmission gear 4 fixedly installed at the rear end, and the power can be transmitted from the transmission gear 4 to the transmission gear 5 via the short strip 22, such as Figure 6 , Figure 3 , the transmission gear 5 is fixedly installed in the middle of the output shaft 15, so the power is transmitted from the transmission gear 5 through the output shaft 15 to the output gear 6 fixedly installed at the rear end of the output shaft 15. The spacing tube 7 is used to fix the distance between the various parts. The gear tooth number ratio of this adjustment device is 1:1, that is, the speed of the output shaft and the input shaft is not changed. The gear number ratio of the output gear 6 and the input gear 1 is also 1:1. The function of this adjuster is to change the relative angle between the input shaft 14 and the output shaft 15, and at the same time, the relative seeding angle of the front and rear rows of seeders is also changed. The adjustment principle is: (see Figure 4 Figure 6 Figure 3 ) When adjusting, assuming that the input shaft 14 is stationary, the driving gear 2 is stationary, the long chain 21 is stationary, and the lower end of the adjustment handle is rotatably mounted on the middle of the output shaft 15 through the bearing 24. Figure 3 At this time, pull the adjusting handle 10 to move to the right, and the passive gear 3 will move to the right with the adjusting handle. Since the chain 21 is meshed with the driving gear 2 and the passive gear 3 at the same time, and due to the existence of the anti-chain jumping gear 8 and the anti-chain jumping gear 7, the chain jumping phenomenon will not occur. In order for the passive gear 3 to move to the right, it can only be achieved by rolling along the long chain 21. The anti-chain jumping gear 8 is installed in the middle of the adjusting handle through a bearing 24 and a small shaft. The passive gear 3 rolls along the long chain 21 to drive the transmission gear 4 to rotate. The transmission gear 4 will drive the transmission gear 5 to rotate through the short chain 21, and the transmission gear 5 will drive the output gear 6 to rotate together through the output shaft 15, so that the input gear does not rotate while the output gear can change the working angle relative to the input gear. This changed angle can be kept constant during normal operation; the same principle applies to turning the adjustment handle to the left, and the adjustment range is about plus or minus 30 degrees. This number is only for reference and cannot be used as a limitation. There are angle scales next to the adjustment handle. The tensioning wheel 9 is provided with tensioning force by the spring 12 through the outer support arm 13 and the inner support arm 11. Its function is to tension the long chain 21 and play a buffering role when the adjustment handle is turned; Embodiment 2: This embodiment introduces a simple regulator with a simple structure and reliable operation. Fig. 9The simple adjuster 78 is composed of an adjuster base 33, an adjuster gear 34, a locking screw 35, a waist-shaped hole 36, and a fixing screw 37. Its working principle is as follows: during normal operation, the adjuster gear 34 is fastened to the adjuster base 33 by the locking screw 35 through the waist-shaped hole 36. The adjuster base is a cylinder with a hexagonal hole in the center, and a flange structure is provided at one end. The flange has a flange waist-shaped hole 65 to match the waist-shaped hole 36 of the adjuster gear. The output angle relative to the input is changed by coaxial sliding. The adjuster base 33 is the power input end of the simple adjuster 78, which can be sleeved on the drive shaft 28 through the hexagonal hole in the center, such as Figure 8 As shown, the adjuster gear 34 is the power output end of the barrel-type adjuster 78, which can output power with a changed relative angle. When adjusting, loosen the locking screw 35, and the adjuster gear 34 can coaxially slide with the adjuster base 33, which changes the angle of the output relative to the input. After the adjustment is completed, tighten the locking screw 35. When newly assembled, the adjuster gear 34 is sleeved on the cylindrical part of the adjuster base 34, and the adjuster gear 34 and the flange of the adjuster base 34 are fastened to each other through the waist-shaped hole with the locking screw 35; like Figure 8 This is a power transmission route diagram of the simple adjuster 78 during operation. The power of the gearbox is transmitted to the gear 31 through the gear 63 and the transmission chain 32. The gear 31 transmits the power to the first drive shaft 28. The adjuster 78 is mounted on the first drive shaft 28 through the hexagonal hole of the adjuster base 33 and fixed in position by the fixing screw 37. The adjuster gear 24 transmits the power to the adjuster gear 34 of the auxiliary adjuster 25 through the transmission chain 32. The auxiliary adjuster gear 34 and the auxiliary adjuster base 33 are fastened together by the locking screw 35. Therefore, the power can be transmitted from the auxiliary adjuster gear 34 to the second drive shaft 27 through the auxiliary adjuster base 33. The auxiliary adjuster 25 is connected to the second drive shaft 27 through the center The hexagonal hole is mounted on the second drive shaft 27. The auxiliary adjuster has no angle engraved lines. The remaining structure is exactly the same as the simple angle adjuster. When the angle needs to be adjusted, the angle to be adjusted is first calculated according to the actual measured size. Angle engraved lines 38 are engraved on the edge of the flange of the adjustment base 33. Loosen the locking screw 35 and align the mark on the adjustment adjuster gear 34 with the corresponding angle engraved line on the adjustment base 33 to complete the adjustment. After the adjustment, tighten and fix it with the locking screw 35 to ensure that the position of the adjuster gear 34 and the adjustment base 33 is fixed to each other during operation; it can also be fine-tuned again after trial broadcasting. The group drive method can also be completed by the electronic system; Fig.17 , which is semi-electronic. Fig.18 The one shown is the fully electronic type; The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A group-driven seeder, comprising a sowing row unit, an adjuster, and a seed meter, characterized in that: The seeder is additionally provided with an adjuster, and all the seeding devices of the seeder are divided into two rows, front and rear, and the adjuster is used to adjust the seeding time of the front row seeding devices relative to the rear row seeding devices.

2. A group-driven seed drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: All the seeding devices of the seeder are divided into two rows, front and rear rows. The seeding devices in the front row are driven by the second driving shaft, and the seeding devices in the rear row are driven by the first driving shaft.

3. A group-driven seeder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sowing time of the front-row seed-metering device can be adjusted by the regulator relative to the sowing time of the rear-row seed-metering device.

4. A group-driven seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sowing row unit consists of a front half and two rear halves.

5. A group-driven seeder according to claim 4, characterized in that: A front half and two rear halves of the sowing row unit are pivotably connected via parallel connecting rods and a pivot shaft.

6. A group-driven seeder according to claim 4, characterized in that: The two rear halves of the sowing row unit are movably hinged to the long holes at both ends of the swing shaft through the connecting shaft thereof.

7. A group-driven seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjuster comprises the following elements: a driving gear (2) of the adjuster is fixedly mounted on an input shaft (14); the driving gear (2) is meshed with a long chain together with a driven gear (3) and a tension wheel (9) for transmission; the driven gear (3) and a transmission gear (4) are respectively fixedly mounted on the front end and the rear end of an intermediate shaft (16); the intermediate shaft (16) is rotatably mounted on an adjustment handle (10) via a bearing; the transmission gear (4) and the transmission gear (5) are meshed with a short chain (22) for transmission; the anti-jumping gear (7) is rotatably mounted on an output shaft (15) via a bearing; and the transmission gear (5) is fixedly mounted on the output shaft (15).

8. A group-driven seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regulator base (33) and the regulator gear (34) of the simplified regulator (78) are coaxially mounted.

9. A group-driven seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that The angle marked by the adjuster is the actual rotation angle of the seed meter.

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