Self-propelled pepper picking and stem-removing harvester

Abstract

The invention relates to a self-propelled pepper picking and stem-removing harvester which comprises a picking mechanism located on the front portion of an agricultural machine body, a screening mechanism located on the rear portion of the agricultural machine body, a collecting and storing mechanism and a conveying mechanism located between the picking mechanism and the screening mechanism. In the working process, a driver controls the agricultural machine body to advance in the field, dry red peppers are harvested through the picking mechanism, the harvested dry red peppers and impurities are conveyed into the screening mechanism through the conveying mechanism to be screened, the screened dry red peppers are finally stored in the stock bin, and harvesting is completed. The automatic harvesting machine is high in automation degree, high in harvesting efficiency and good in harvesting effect, harvesting, picking and screening are completed at a time, secondary picking and recycling are conducted, and the phenomena of missing harvesting and missing harvesting are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a self-propelled pepper picking and stalk-removing harvester. Background Art

[0002] Chili pepper is one of the economic crops with good development prospects in the world. For a long time, the global production of chili pepper is mainly consumed as a condiment and vegetable, and the main consumers are people in traditional chili growing areas and low-temperature and humid areas, so its production and consumption have developed slowly. As people's awareness of the edible and development value of chili pepper continues to increase, chili pepper has rapidly developed into one of the most consumed vegetables in the world, and has gradually become an important natural pigment, pharmaceutical raw material and other industrial raw materials.

[0003] This development trend has led to the large-scale cultivation of peppers, and the industrialization and scale development of pepper cultivation has also accelerated. Traditional manual picking is no longer suitable for current needs, especially in the northern plains. Using large agricultural machinery to harvest peppers is a very suitable method. However, the current pepper harvesting equipment cannot separate peppers from branches and leaves well, the impurity rate of peppers is relatively high, and the harvest volume is low during harvesting, which is prone to missed harvesting. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-propelled pepper picking and stalk-removing harvester suitable for use in the northern plains, with a high degree of automation, high harvesting efficiency, and good harvesting effect. The machine can complete harvesting, picking, and screening in one go, and perform secondary picking and recycling at the same time, thereby reducing the phenomenon of missed harvests.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A self-propelled pepper picking and stalk-removing harvester comprises an agricultural machine body, characterized in that: a picking mechanism is arranged at the front of the agricultural machine body, and a screening mechanism, a storage mechanism and a transmission mechanism located between the picking mechanism and the screening mechanism are arranged at the rear of the agricultural machine body;

[0007] The picking mechanism comprises a carrier frame, on which a pressing cage and a harvesting crawler are mounted, the pressing cage and the harvesting crawler are both rotatably mounted on the carrier frame, the rotation direction of the pressing cage is consistent with the traveling direction of the agricultural machine body, the harvesting crawler is arranged obliquely below the pressing cage, the harvesting crawler and the pressing cage have opposite directions of rotation, and a plurality of picking clamps are arranged on the harvesting crawler;

[0008] The conveying mechanism comprises a cutting piece 1, a stirring shaft and a conveyor belt. The cutting piece 1 and the stirring shaft are both rotatably mounted on a carrier. The cutting piece 1 is located between the harvesting crawler and the stirring shaft. The direction of the cutting piece 1 is opposite to that of the harvesting crawler, and the direction of the stirring shaft is the same as that of the cutting piece 1. The middle of the stirring shaft is a smooth section, and spiral conveying blades are respectively arranged on both sides of the smooth section. A bottom plate is arranged at the end of the harvesting crawler, the cutting piece 1 and the bottom of the stirring shaft. The bottom plate is fixed on the carrier. One end of the conveyor belt is fixed on the carrier, and the other end is fixed on the agricultural machine body. The inlet of the conveyor belt is located behind the smooth section of the stirring shaft, and the outlet of the conveyor belt is connected to the screening mechanism.

[0009] The agricultural machine body is fixed with a mounting frame, and the screening mechanism and the storage mechanism are both mounted on the mounting frame;

[0010] The screening mechanism is provided with a three-layer structure, which includes a concave plate screen, a spiral conveying blade and a cleaning cylinder from the inside to the outside. The concave plate screen is a semicircular long cylinder. The two ends of the concave plate screen are fixed on the mounting frame. The bottom of the concave plate screen is a grid. The spiral conveying blade is arranged around the outside of the concave plate screen. The spiral conveying blade is fixed on the cleaning cylinder. The cleaning cylinder includes a bearing ring, a retaining gear ring and a spacer. The retaining gear ring has a plurality of grooves in an annular shape inside. The spacers are welded and fixed in the grooves at equal intervals. The bearing ring is sleeved on the outside of the spacer. The side of the bearing ring is fixed to the side of the retaining gear ring. An auxiliary wheel is arranged on the bottom of the mounting frame. The bottom of the bearing ring is mounted on the auxiliary wheel. The bearing ring is rotatably arranged on the auxiliary wheel.

[0011] The storage mechanism includes an annular lifter, a feeding belt and a silo. The annular lifter is rotatably installed at the rear of the screening drum. The outlet of the bolt conveying blade extends into the annular lifter. An auxiliary wheel is provided on the bottom of the mounting frame. The bottom of the annular lifter is mounted on the auxiliary wheel. The silo is located behind the annular lifter. The silo is fixed on the mounting frame. The conveyor belt is fixed on the mounting frame. One end of the conveyor belt is arranged on the upper inner side of the annular lifter, and the other end extends into the top of the silo.

[0012] Preferably, the cutting member 1 includes a cutting shaft and a cutting plate. The cutting shaft is rotatably mounted on a carrier frame. There are three cutting plates, which are fixed on the cutting shaft in a circular shape at equal intervals. The direction of rotation of the cutting member 1 is opposite to that of the conveying crawler.

[0013] Preferably, a picking-up device is arranged above the stirring shaft, and the picking-up device includes a fan and a negative pressure box. The fan and the negative pressure box are both fixed on the supporting frame, and the fan and the negative pressure box are connected by a pipeline. The bottom of the negative pressure box is funnel-shaped, and a pressure cutting piece 2 is rotatably arranged in the funnel part. The structure of the pressure cutting piece 2 is the same as that of the pressure cutting piece 1. A drop port is arranged at the bottom of the negative pressure box, and the drop port is located above the stirring shaft. A suction pipe is connected to the side of the negative pressure box, and the bottom of the suction pipe points to the ground.

[0014] Preferably, the pressing cage includes a pressing cage main shaft, a disc and a pressing rod, the pressing cage main shaft is rotatably mounted on the supporting frame, the disc is coaxially fixed on the pressing cage main shaft, and each pressing rod is annularly fixed on the outer edge of the disc to form a cage shape. In summary, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows: during operation, the driver controls the agricultural machine body to move in the field, and the dry peppers are harvested through the picking mechanism. The harvested dry peppers and impurities are transported to the screening mechanism through the conveying mechanism for screening, and the screened dry peppers are finally stored in the silo to complete the harvest. The harvesting device of the present invention is suitable for use in the northern plains, with a high degree of automation, high harvesting efficiency, and good harvesting effect. It completes harvesting, picking, and screening at one time, and performs secondary picking and recycling at the same time, reducing the phenomenon of missed harvests and missed harvests. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 The overall structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0016] Figure 2 The overall structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the picking mechanism and the harvesting mechanism;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the negative pressure box;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the screening mechanism;

[0020] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0021] Figure 7 It is an exploded diagram of the three-layer structure of the screening mechanism;

[0022] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a concave sieve plate;

[0023] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the cleaning cylinder.

[0024] In the figure, 1. carrier frame; 2. harvesting crawler; 3. picking clamp; 4. stirring shaft; 5. conveyor belt; 6. spiral conveying blade; 7. concave plate screen; 8. mounting frame; 9. retaining gear ring; 10. spacer bar; 11. carrier ring; 12. auxiliary wheel; 13. annular lifter; 14. feeding belt; 15. silo; 16. fan; 17. negative pressure box; 18. second pressure cutting part; 19. suction tube; 20. pressure cage main shaft; 21. disc; 22. pressure rod; 23. agricultural machine body; 24. pressure cutting shaft; 25. pressure cutting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Reference Figure 1 A self-propelled pepper picking and stripping harvester includes an agricultural machine body 23, a picking mechanism is provided at the front of the agricultural machine body 23, a screening mechanism and a storage mechanism are provided at the rear of the agricultural machine body 23, and a transmission mechanism is provided between the picking mechanism and the screening mechanism. When working, the driver controls the agricultural machine body 23 to move in the field, and harvests the dry peppers through the picking mechanism. The harvested dry peppers and impurities are transported to the screening mechanism through the transmission mechanism for screening, and the screened dry peppers are finally stored in the silo 15 to complete the harvest.

[0027] The picking mechanism includes a carrier frame 1, which is fixed on an agricultural machine body 23 and is used to install and fix other working parts. A pressure cage and a harvesting crawler 2 are provided on the carrier frame 1. The pressure cage and the harvesting crawler 2 are both rotatably installed on the carrier frame 1. The pressure cage is arranged at the front end of the carrier frame 1. The pressure cage includes a pressure cage main shaft 20, a disc 21 and a pressure rod 22. The pressure cage main shaft 20 is rotatably installed on the carrier frame 1, and the disc 21 is coaxially fixed on the pressure cage main shaft 20. Three discs 21 are provided, which are respectively fixed at both ends and the middle position of the pressure cage main shaft 20. A plurality of pressure rods 22 are provided, and the pressure rod 22 is annularly welded and fixed on the outer edge of the disc 21 to form a cage shape.

[0028] The harvesting crawler 2 is arranged at the oblique rear lower part of the pressing cage, and a plurality of picking clamps 3 are fixed on the harvesting crawler 2. The picking clamps 3 are distributed in multiple rows on the harvesting crawler 2, and each row is provided with 10-15 picking clamps 3. The picking clamps 3 are U-shaped strips, and the bottom bending part thereof is fixed on the harvesting crawler 2. The rotation direction of the pressing cage is consistent with the travel direction of the agricultural machine body 23, and the turning direction of the harvesting crawler 2 is opposite to that of the pressing cage.

[0029] During harvesting, the agricultural machine body 23 moves forward and presses the pepper stalks by rotating the pressing cage, so that the pepper stalks are bent toward the direction of the harvesting crawler 2, so that the pepper stalks are located inside the picking clamps 3. At the same time, as the harvesting crawler 2 rotates, the picking clamps 3 move upward from the bottom of the pepper stalks, thereby peeling off the dry peppers, which are then transported to the rear by the harvesting crawler 2.

[0030] The conveying mechanism is arranged at the rear of the harvesting crawler 2, and the conveying mechanism includes a cutting piece, a stirring shaft 4 and a conveyor belt 5. The cutting piece is located between the harvesting crawler 2 and the stirring shaft 4. The cutting piece includes a cutting shaft 24 and a cutting plate 25. The cutting shaft 24 is rotatably mounted on the carrier 1. Three cutting plates 25 are provided. The three cutting plates 25 are fixed on the cutting shaft 24 in a ring shape at equal intervals. The direction of the cutting piece 1 is opposite to that of the conveying crawler. The stirring shaft 4 is rotatably mounted on the carrier 1. The middle of the stirring shaft 4 is a smooth section, and both sides of the smooth section are spiral sections. Spiral conveying blades 6 are provided on the spiral sections. The conveying directions of the spiral conveying blades 6 on both sides are the same, and both convey from the two ends of the stirring shaft 4 to the middle.

[0031] The conveyor belt 5 is arranged behind the stirring shaft 4, one end of the conveyor belt 5 is fixed on the carrier frame 1, and the other end is fixed on the agricultural machine body 23. The inlet of the conveyor belt 5 is behind the smooth section of the stirring shaft 4, and the outlet of the conveyor belt 5 is connected with the screening mechanism.

[0032] During harvesting, some dry peppers with low maturity are difficult to peel off. At this time, the picking clamps 3 often pull up the dry peppers by the roots, and the pepper stalks together with the scattered dry peppers are transported on the harvesting crawler 2. Through the rotation of the harvesting plate, on the one hand, the pepper stalks can be broken to separate the dry peppers from the pepper stalks, and on the other hand, the dry peppers and pepper stalks are continuously transported backwards with the rotation. Through the stirring shaft 4 and the spiral conveying blades 6, the dry peppers and pepper stalks can be continuously transported to the conveyor belt 5 behind the stirring shaft 4, and then transported to the screening mechanism by the conveyor belt 5. A picking and checking device is also provided above the stirring shaft 4, and the picking and checking device includes a fan 16 and a negative pressure box 17. The fan 16 is fixed on the supporting frame 1 on the left side of the stirring shaft 4, and the negative pressure box 17 is fixed on the supporting frame 1 on the right side of the stirring shaft 4. The fan 16 and the negative pressure box 17 are connected by a pipeline. The bottom of the negative pressure box 17 is funnel-shaped, and a second pressing and cutting piece 18 is rotatably provided in the funnel part. The second pressing and cutting piece 18 has the same structure as the first pressing and cutting piece. A drop port is provided at the bottom of the negative pressure box 17, and the drop port is located above the stirring shaft 4. A suction pipe 19 is connected to the outer surface of the negative pressure box 17, and 4 suction pipes 19 are arranged side by side. The bottom of the suction pipe 19 naturally hangs down close to the ground, and its port position is 5-10 cm from the ground.

[0033] During harvesting, some dried peppers with high maturity are very easy to fall off. Before harvesting or when the pressing cage is slightly touched, they fall on the ground. The dried peppers on the ground are collected by the picking device, and the fan 16 rotates to create a negative pressure environment for the negative pressure box 17, so that the dried peppers on the ground are extracted into the negative pressure box 17 through the suction tube 19, and the dried peppers extracted into the negative pressure box 17 fall onto the pressing and cutting part 2 18. The rotation of the pressing and cutting part 2 18 makes the dried peppers fall onto the stirring shaft 4 through the drop opening at the bottom of the negative pressure box 17, and then are transmitted to the conveyor belt 5 through the stirring shaft 4. The picking device can effectively collect the dried peppers on the ground and reduce the phenomenon of missed harvesting. A mounting frame 8 is fixed on the body of the agricultural machine 23, and the screening mechanism and the storage mechanism are both mounted on the mounting frame 8.

[0034] The screening mechanism is provided with three layers of structural parts, which include a concave plate screen 7, a spiral conveying blade 6 and a cleaning cylinder from the inside to the outside. The concave plate screen 7 is a semicircular long cylinder as a whole. The two ends of the concave plate screen 7 are fixed on the mounting frame 8. The bottom of the concave screen is arranged in a grid shape. The cleaning cylinder includes a bearing ring 11, a retaining gear ring 9 and a spacer bar 10. The retaining gear ring 9 has a plurality of grooves in a ring shape inside. The spacer bars 10 are welded and fixed in the grooves at equal intervals. The bearing ring 11 is sleeved on the outside of the spacer bar 10. The side of the bearing ring 11 is fixed to the side of the retaining gear ring 9. An auxiliary wheel 12 is provided on the bottom of the mounting frame 8. The bottom of the bearing ring 11 is mounted on the auxiliary wheel 12. The cleaning cylinder is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame 8 through the auxiliary wheel 12. The spiral conveying blade 6 is arranged between the concave plate screen 7 and the cleaning cylinder. The spiral conveying blade 6 is arranged around the outside of the concave plate screen 7. The outer edge of the spiral conveying blade 6 is welded and fixed on the spacer bar 10. The spiral conveying blade 6 rotates synchronously with the cleaning cylinder.

[0035] During harvesting, the dried peppers and pepper stalks are mixed together and first conveyed to the inside of the concave screen. The dried peppers can fall onto the partition bars 10 through the bottom of the concave screen 7, while the pepper stalks are isolated inside the concave screen. The cleaning cylinder synchronously drives the spiral conveying blades 6 to rotate, and the screened dried peppers are continuously conveyed to the storage mechanism at the rear. The storage mechanism includes an annular lifter 13, a feeding belt 14 and a silo 15. The annular lifter 13 is rotatably installed at the rear of the screening drum. The outlet of the bolt conveying blade extends into the annular lifter 13. An auxiliary wheel 12 is provided at the bottom of the mounting frame 8. The bottom of the annular lifter 13 is mounted on the auxiliary wheel 12. The annular lifter 13 is rotatably installed on the mounting frame through the auxiliary wheel 12. The silo 15 is located at the rear of the annular lifter. The silo 15 is fixed on the mounting frame 8. The conveyor belt 5 is fixed on the mounting frame 8. One end of the conveyor belt 5 is arranged on the upper inner side of the annular lifter 13, and the other end extends into the top of the silo 15. The conveyor belt 5 is located above the spiral conveying blade 6 to ensure that the two do not interfere with each other when working.

[0036] During harvesting, the spiral conveying blades 6 continuously transport the screened dry peppers to the annular elevator 13. The annular elevator 13 rotates to transport the dry peppers at the bottom to the top and dump them onto the conveyor belt 5. The dry peppers are transported to the silo 15 through the conveyor belt 5, and the entire harvesting process is completed.

[0037] The implementation principle of this embodiment is: when working, the driver controls the agricultural machine body 23 to move in the field, harvests the dry peppers through the picking mechanism, and the harvested dry peppers and impurities are transported to the screening mechanism through the conveying mechanism for screening. The screened dry peppers are finally stored in the silo 15 to complete the harvest. The harvesting device of the present invention is suitable for use in the northern plains, has a high degree of automation, high harvesting efficiency, and good harvesting effect. It completes harvesting, picking, and screening at one time, and performs secondary picking and recycling at the same time to reduce the phenomenon of missed harvests.

[0038] The embodiments of this specific implementation method are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-propelled pepper picking and stalk-removing harvester, comprising an agricultural machine body (23), characterized in that: The front part of the agricultural machine body (23) is provided with a picking mechanism, the rear part of the agricultural machine body (23) is provided with a screening mechanism, a storage mechanism and a transmission mechanism located between the picking mechanism and the screening mechanism, and a mounting frame (8) is fixed on the agricultural machine body (23), and the screening mechanism and the storage mechanism are both mounted on the mounting frame (8).

2. The self-propelled pepper picking and stalk-removing harvester according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The picking mechanism comprises a carrier frame (1), on which a pressing cage and a harvesting crawler (2) are mounted. The pressing cage and the harvesting crawler (2) are both rotatably mounted on the carrier frame (1), the rotation direction of the pressing cage is consistent with the travel direction of the agricultural machine body (23), the harvesting crawler (2) is arranged obliquely below the pressing cage, the harvesting crawler (2) and the pressing cage have opposite rotation directions, and a plurality of picking clamps (3) are arranged on the harvesting crawler (2).

3. The self-propelled pepper picking and stalk-removing harvester according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The conveying mechanism comprises a cutting piece (1), a stirring shaft (4) and a conveyor belt (5). The cutting piece (1) and the stirring shaft (4) are both rotatably mounted on a carrier (1). The cutting piece (1) is located between a harvesting crawler (2) and the stirring shaft (4). The direction of rotation of the cutting piece (1) is opposite to that of the harvesting crawler (2). The direction of rotation of the stirring shaft (4) is the same as that of the cutting piece (1). The middle of the stirring shaft (4) is a smooth section. Spiral conveying blades (6) are respectively arranged on both sides of the smooth section. A bottom plate is arranged at the end of the harvesting crawler (2) and below the cutting piece (1) and the stirring shaft (4). The bottom plate is fixed on the carrier (1). One end of the conveyor belt (5) is fixed on the carrier (1), and the other end is fixed on the agricultural machine body (23). The inlet of the conveyor belt (5) is located behind the smooth section of the stirring shaft (4), and the outlet of the conveyor belt (5) is connected to the screening mechanism.

4. The self-propelled pepper picking and stalk-removing harvester according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The screening mechanism is provided with a three-layer structure, which includes, from the inside to the outside, a concave plate screen (7), a spiral conveying blade (6) and a cleaning cylinder. The concave plate screen (7) is in the shape of a semicircular long cylinder. Both ends of the concave plate screen (7) are fixed on the mounting frame (8). The bottom of the concave plate screen is in the shape of a grid. The spiral conveying blade (6) is arranged around the outside of the concave plate screen (7). The spiral conveying blade (6) is fixed on the cleaning cylinder. The cleaning cylinder includes a bearing ring (11), a retaining gear ring (9) and a spacer. (10), a plurality of grooves are provided in an annular shape inside the retaining gear ring (9), the spacers (10) are welded and fixed in the grooves at equal intervals, the bearing ring (11) is sleeved on the outside of the spacers (10), the side of the bearing ring (11) is fixed to the side of the retaining gear ring (9), an auxiliary wheel (12) is provided on the bottom of the mounting frame (8), the bottom of the bearing ring (11) is mounted on the auxiliary wheel (12), and the bearing ring (11) is rotatably provided on the auxiliary wheel (12).

5. The self-propelled pepper picking and stalk-removing harvester according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The storage mechanism comprises an annular lifter (13), a feeding belt (14) and a silo (15); the annular lifter (13) is rotatably mounted at the rear of the screening drum; the outlet of the bolt conveying blade extends into the annular lifter (13); an auxiliary wheel (12) is arranged at the bottom of the mounting frame (8); the bottom of the annular lifter (13) is mounted on the auxiliary wheel (12); the silo (15) is located at the rear of the annular lifter; the silo (15) is fixed on the mounting frame (8); the conveyor belt (5) is fixed on the mounting frame (8); one end of the conveyor belt (5) is arranged on the upper inner side of the annular lifter (13); and the other end extends into the upper part of the silo (15).

6. The self-propelled pepper picking and stalk-removing harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first pressure cutting member comprises a pressure cutting shaft (24) and a pressure cutting plate (25). The pressure cutting shaft (24) is rotatably mounted on the carrier (1). Three pressure cutting plates (25) are provided. The three pressure cutting plates (25) are fixed on the pressure cutting shaft (24) at equal intervals in a ring shape. The direction of rotation of the first pressure cutting member is opposite to that of the transmission crawler.

7. The self-propelled pepper picking and stalk-removing harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: A picking device is arranged above the stirring shaft (4), and the picking device comprises a fan (16) and a negative pressure box (17). The fan (16) and the negative pressure box (17) are both fixed on the support frame (1). The fan (16) and the negative pressure box (17) are connected by a pipeline. The bottom of the negative pressure box (17) is funnel-shaped. A second pressing and cutting piece (18) is rotatably arranged in the funnel part. The second pressing and cutting piece (18) has the same structure as the first pressing and cutting piece. A drop opening is arranged at the bottom of the negative pressure box (17), and the drop opening is located above the stirring shaft (4). A suction pipe (19) is connected to the side of the negative pressure box (17), and the bottom of the suction pipe (19) points to the ground.

8. The self-propelled pepper picking and stalk-removing harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure cage comprises a pressure cage main shaft (20), a disc (21) and pressure rods (22); the pressure cage main shaft (20) is rotatably mounted on a carrier frame (1); the disc (21) is coaxially fixed on the pressure cage main shaft (20); and each pressure rod (22) is annularly fixed on the outer edge of the disc (21) to form a cage shape.

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