Artificial cultivation and continuous utilization technology for ficus formosana
By selecting suitable planting base environment and asexual cutting expansion technology, the problem of weak growth competitiveness of narrow-leaf Taiwanese banyan in the natural environment is solved, efficient artificial cultivation and continuous utilization are achieved, and market demand is met.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510179176.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-02
AI Technical Summary
The narrow-leaf Taiwanese banyan has weak growth competitiveness in the natural environment and is less distributed, which cannot meet market demand.
By selecting suitable environmental conditions of the planting base, using artificial cultivation technology for asexual cutting expansion, combined with pest and weed management and harvesting technology, the yield of narrow-leaf Taiwanese banyan is increased.
It effectively increases the production of narrow-leaf Taiwanese banyan, meets market demand, and has good application prospects.
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of artificial tree cultivation, and specifically refers to an artificial cultivation and sustainable utilization technology of narrow-leaved Taiwan fig. Background Art
[0002] Narrow-leaved Taiwan fig contains rich flavonoids and is a popular Chinese medicinal material for food supplements in the region. However, due to its special ecological niche, narrow-leaved Taiwan fig is an occasional species in the forests of subtropical low mountains and hills. In the natural environment, narrow-leaved Taiwan fig is spread by birds, and the competitiveness of seedlings in nature is weak; narrow-leaved Taiwan fig is more distributed along the edge of the forest, but the narrow-leaved Taiwan fig growing along the edge of the forest is easily dug up by people, resulting in a small distribution, and is called an occasional species. As a result, the number of naturally grown narrow-leaved Taiwan figs cannot meet market demand. Summary of the invention
[0003] In order to solve the above-mentioned existing problems, the present invention provides a narrow-leaved Taiwan fig artificial cultivation and sustainable utilization technology which effectively improves the yield of narrow-leaved Taiwan fig by selecting the environmental conditions of the planting base, asexual line cutting propagation and other technologies, and has good application prospects.
[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The narrow-leaved Taiwan fig artificial cultivation technology of the present invention comprises the following steps:
[0005] 1. Selection of planting sites: Choose a suitable environment, generally between 300 and 800 meters above sea level, with loose loam or sandy loam with high organic matter in valleys running from north to south, and mountain ridge fields and forest edges with sufficient irrigation water and good drainage;
[0006] 2. Land preparation: Deeply plow the soil, dry it for a few days, disinfect it with 1 / 1000 potassium permanganate solution, then make planting beds, prepare black mulch, and use a puncher to punch holes of about 1 cm at intervals of 0.20×0.20 meters to prevent the mulch fragments from remaining in the soil. The soil temperature in the valley is relatively low in early spring, and covering with black mulch can effectively increase the ground temperature;
[0007] 3. Asexual cutting propagation
[0008] 3.1 Preparation of cutting seedlings: In mid-March every year, collect branches of narrow-leaved Taiwan fig with a diameter of 0.8cm to 1.5cm, cut them into small sections of 15 to 20cm, with about 2 to 3 buds on each section, soak them in rooting powder solution for 15 to 30 minutes, and then cut them into planting beds covered with perforated mulch, water them thoroughly, and the rooting rate exceeds 95%;
[0009] 3.2 Management of transplanting cuttings: After the cuttings have fallen leaves in the autumn of the current year, or before they sprout in the second year, they should be transplanted. The soil should be deep-turned to make planting beds. Deep-turning the soil is conducive to the root growth of narrow-leaved Taiwan figs, and covered with weeding nets. The planting spacing is 30cm×40cm. After planting, water the roots sufficiently. Apply nitrogen fertilizer 20 days after sprouting, apply urea fertilizer again in May, and apply compound fertilizer once in autumn.
[0010] 4. Management of pests and diseases: Pests and diseases are rare at present, but sooty mold and root rot are occasionally seen. Diluted solutions of dysonium or foltan are often used during the growth period of sooty mold, lime sulfur is used during the dormant period, and potassium permanganate is used to disinfect root rot. At the same time, water management can be strengthened. When there is weed damage, daily weeding can be strengthened or weed-proof cloth can be used to prevent weed damage.
[0011] 5. Harvesting: The roots of three-year-old narrow-leaved Taiwan banyan have reached the standard for harvesting. The roots of the entire plant are harvested after the leaves fall. After harvesting, the roots must be cleaned, dried and frozen in time.
[0012] The sustainable utilization technology of narrow-leaved Taiwan fig includes the following steps:
[0013] 1. Seed collection and processing: Collect seeds after they mature, mix them with 80-mesh fine sand, add water and wash them repeatedly to remove the pulp, remove the empty grains floating on the water surface, dry them and sieve out the fine sand, air-dry them appropriately to reduce the moisture content of the seeds, and store the preliminarily processed seeds in a jar at a low temperature of 2 to 4 degrees Celsius for germination after mid-February of the following year;
[0014] 2. Seed germination: Take out the seeds and soak them in hydrogen peroxide for 10 minutes, then rinse them repeatedly with clean water, spread the seeds on wet gauze, keep the temperature at 25℃ for breeding, keep the gauze moist at all times, the seeds will germinate in 3 to 7 days, and they can be transplanted to the field after they germinate to 10cm;
[0015] 3. Seedling transplantation and planting: The field preparation for transplantation and planting is the same as step 2 in the artificial cultivation technology of narrow-leaved Taiwan fig. After the seedlings are transplanted, water them enough to establish roots, and then shade and sun protection are required;
[0016] 4. Management after seedling planting: Management after seedling planting is the same as step 3.2 in the artificial cultivation technology of narrow-leaved Taiwan fig;
[0017] 5. Pest and disease management: Pest and disease management is the same as step 4 in the artificial cultivation technology of narrow-leaved Taiwan fig;
[0018] 6. Harvesting: Harvesting is the same as step 5 in the artificial cultivation technology of narrow-leaved Taiwan fig.
[0019] Furthermore, the planting beds and colonization beds in the narrow-leaved Taiwan fig artificial cultivation technology have the same specifications, 0.8 to 1 meter in width and 0.2 to 0.3 meter in height.
[0020] Furthermore, in step 3.1 of the artificial cultivation technique for narrow-leaved Taiwan fig, the ratio of the rooting powder solution is rooting powder: water = 1 / 500, and the spacing of the ground film holes is 10 cm×15 cm.
[0021] Furthermore, in the artificial cultivation technique of narrow-leaved Taiwan Ficus microcarpa in step 3.2, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied 20 days after germination is 5 to 10 g / m 2 In May, urea nitrogen fertilizer was applied again at a rate of 20 g / m 2 .
[0022] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention using the above structure are as follows: The artificial cultivation and sustainable utilization technology of narrow-leaved Taiwan fig proposed in this scheme effectively improves the yield of narrow-leaved Taiwan fig by selecting the environmental conditions of the planting base, asexual line cutting propagation and artificial cultivation, and has good application prospects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0024] The artificial cultivation technology of narrow-leaved Taiwan fig proposed in this scheme includes the following steps:
[0025] 1. Selection of planting sites: Choose a suitable environment, generally between 300 and 800 meters above sea level, with loose loam or sandy loam with high organic matter in valleys running from north to south, and mountain ridge fields and forest edges with sufficient irrigation water and good drainage;
[0026] 2. Land preparation: Deeply plow the soil, dry it for a few days, disinfect it with 1 / 1000 potassium permanganate solution, and then make planting beds with a width of 0.8-1m and a height of 0.2-0.3m. Prepare black mulch film, and use a puncher to punch holes of about 1cm at intervals of 0.20×0.20m to prevent the mulch film fragments from remaining in the soil. The soil temperature in the valley is relatively low in early spring, and covering with black mulch film can effectively increase the ground temperature;
[0027] 3. Asexual cutting propagation
[0028] 3.1 Preparation of cutting seedlings: In mid-March every year, collect branches of narrow-leaved Taiwan fig with a diameter of 0.8cm to 1.5cm, cut them into small sections of 15 to 20cm, with about 2 to 3 buds on each section, soak them in a rooting powder solution of 1 / 500 of rooting powder: water for 15 to 30 minutes, and then cut them into planting beds covered with perforated mulch with a hole spacing of 10cm×15cm, water them thoroughly, and the rooting rate exceeds 95%;
[0029] 3.2 Management of transplanting cuttings: After the cuttings have fallen leaves in the autumn of the current year, or before they sprout in the second year, they should be transplanted. The soil should be deep-turned to make a planting bed with a width of 0.8-1m and a height of 0.2-0.3m. The soil should be deep-turned to facilitate the root growth of narrow-leaved Taiwan figs, and covered with weeding nets. The planting spacing should be 30cm×40cm. After planting, water should be applied to ensure that the roots are fixed. Nitrogen fertilizer should be applied 20 days after sprouting, and the fertilizer application rate should be 5-10g / m 2 In May, urea fertilizer was applied again at a rate of 20 g / m 2 , apply compound fertilizer once in autumn;
[0030] 4. Management of pests and diseases: Pests and diseases are rare at present, but sooty mold and root rot are occasionally seen. Diluted solutions of dysonium or foltan are often used during the growth period of sooty mold, lime sulfur is used during the dormant period, and potassium permanganate is used to disinfect root rot. At the same time, water management can be strengthened. When there is weed damage, daily weeding can be strengthened or weed-proof cloth can be used to prevent weed damage.
[0031] 5. Harvesting: The roots of three-year-old narrow-leaved Taiwan banyan have reached the standard for harvesting. The roots of the entire plant are harvested after the leaves fall. After harvesting, the roots must be cleaned, dried and frozen in time.
[0032] The sustainable utilization technology of narrow-leaved Taiwan fig proposed in this plan includes the following steps:
[0033] 1. Seed collection and processing: Collect seeds after they mature, mix them with 80-mesh fine sand, add water and wash them repeatedly to remove the pulp, remove the empty grains floating on the water surface, dry them and sieve out the fine sand, air-dry them appropriately to reduce the moisture content of the seeds, and store the preliminarily processed seeds in a jar at a low temperature of 2 to 4 degrees Celsius for germination after mid-February of the following year;
[0034] 2. Seed germination: Take out the seeds and soak them in hydrogen peroxide for 10 minutes, then rinse them repeatedly with clean water, spread the seeds on wet gauze, keep the temperature at 25℃ for breeding, keep the gauze moist at all times, the seeds will germinate in 3 to 7 days, and they can be transplanted to the field after they germinate to 10cm;
[0035] 3. Transplantation and planting of seedlings: Deeply turn the soil, dry it for a few days, disinfect it with 1 / 1000 potassium permanganate solution, and then make a planting bed with a width of 0.8-1m and a height of 0.2-0.3m. Prepare black mulch film, and use a hole puncher to punch about 1cm holes at intervals of 0.20×0.20m to prevent the mulch film fragments from remaining in the soil. The soil temperature in the valley in early spring is relatively low, and covering with black mulch film can effectively increase the ground temperature. After transplanting the seedlings, water them enough to establish roots, and then shade and sun protection should be done;
[0036] 4. Management after seedling planting: Seedlings should be transplanted after the leaves fall in the autumn of the current year or before budding in the second year. The soil should be deep-turned to make planting beds with a width of 0.8-1m and a height of 0.2-0.3m. Deep-turning the soil is conducive to the root growth of narrow-leaved Taiwan figs, and covered with weeding nets. The planting spacing is 30cm×40cm. After planting, water the roots sufficiently. Apply nitrogen fertilizer 20 days after budding, and the fertilizer application rate is 5-10g / m 2 In May, urea fertilizer was applied again at a rate of 20 g / m 2 , apply compound fertilizer once in autumn;
[0037] 5. Management of pests and diseases: Pests and diseases are rare at present, but sooty mold and root rot are occasionally seen. Diluted solutions of dysonium or folliculan are often used during the growth period of sooty mold, lime sulfur is used during the dormant period, and potassium permanganate is used to disinfect root rot. At the same time, water management can be strengthened. When there is weed damage, daily weeding can be strengthened or weed-proof cloth can be used to prevent weed damage.
[0038] 6. Harvesting: The roots of three-year-old narrow-leaved Taiwan banyan have reached the standard for harvesting. The roots of the entire plant are harvested after the leaves fall. After harvesting, the roots must be cleaned, dried and frozen in time.
[0039] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.
[0040] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A narrow-leaved Ficus Taiwania artificial cultivation technology, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Selection of planting sites: Choose an environment suitable for the growth of the plant, generally between 300 and 800 meters above sea level, with a north-south valley with loose loam or sandy loam with high organic matter content, and a mountain ridge field or forest edge area with sufficient irrigation water and good drainage; (2) Land preparation: Deeply plow the soil, dry it in the sun for a few days, disinfect it with 1 / 1000 potassium permanganate solution, and then make planting beds. Prepare black mulch film and use a hole puncher to make holes about 1 cm in diameter at intervals of 0.20 x 0.20 m to prevent the mulch film fragments from remaining in the soil. The soil temperature in the valley is relatively low in early spring, and covering it with black mulch film can effectively increase the ground temperature. (3) Propagation of asexual lines by cuttings (3.1) Preparation of cutting seedlings: In mid-March each year, collect branches of narrow-leaved Taiwan fig with a diameter of 0.8 cm to 1.5 cm, cut them into small sections of 15 to 20 cm, with about 2 to 3 buds on each section, soak them in rooting powder solution for 15 to 30 minutes, and then cut them into planting beds covered with perforated mulch and water them thoroughly. The rooting rate exceeds 95%; (3.2) Management of transplanting cuttings: After the cuttings have fallen leaves in the autumn of the current year, or before they sprout in the second year, they should be transplanted. The soil should be deep-turned to make a planting bed. Deep-turning the soil is conducive to the root growth of narrow-leaved Taiwan figs, and covered with weeding nets. The planting row spacing is 30cm×40cm. After planting, water the roots sufficiently. Apply nitrogen fertilizer 20 days after sprouting, and apply urea fertilizer again in May. Apply compound fertilizer once in autumn. (4) Management of pests and diseases: Pests and diseases are rare at present, but sooty mold and root rot are occasionally seen. Diluted solutions of dysonium or folliculan are often used during the growth period of sooty mold, lime sulfur is used during the dormant period, and potassium permanganate is used to disinfect root rot. At the same time, water management can be strengthened. When there is weed damage, daily weeding can be strengthened or weed-proof cloth can be used to prevent weed damage. (5) Harvesting: The roots of three-year-old narrow-leaved Taiwan banyan trees are ready for harvesting. The roots of the entire plant are harvested after the leaves fall. After harvesting, the roots should be cleaned, dried and frozen in time.
2. The sustainable utilization technology of narrow-leaved Ficus Taiwanii according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Seed collection and processing: After the seeds mature, they are collected, mixed with 80-mesh fine sand, and washed repeatedly with water to remove the pulp and empty grains floating on the water surface. After drying, the fine sand is sieved with a sieve, and the seeds are air-dried to reduce the moisture content. The seeds that have been preliminarily processed are stored in a jar and stored at a low temperature of 2 to 4 degrees Celsius until mid-February of the following year for germination. (2) Seed germination: Take out the seeds and soak them in hydrogen peroxide for 10 minutes. After rinsing them with clean water, spread the seeds on wet gauze and keep the temperature at 25°C for breeding. Keep the gauze moist at all times. The seeds will germinate in 3 to 7 days. When the seeds germinate to 10 cm, they can be transplanted to the field. (3) Seedling transplanting and planting: The field preparation for transplanting and planting is the same as step 2 in the artificial cultivation technology of narrow-leaved Taiwan fig. After the seedlings are transplanted, water them enough to establish their roots, and then shade and sun protection are required; (4) Management after seedling planting: The management after seedling planting is the same as step 3.2 in the artificial cultivation technology of narrow-leaved Taiwan fig; (5) Pest and disease management: Pest and disease management is the same as step 4 in the artificial cultivation technology of narrow-leaved Taiwan fig; (6) Harvesting: Harvesting is the same as step 5 in the artificial cultivation technology of narrow-leaved Taiwan fig.
3. The artificial cultivation technology of narrow-leaved Ficus microcarpa according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting beds and colonization beds in the narrow-leaved Taiwan fig artificial cultivation technology have the same specifications, 0.8 to 1 meter in width and 0.2 to 0.3 meter in height.
4. The artificial cultivation technology of narrow-leaved Ficus microcarpa according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3.1 of the artificial cultivation technique for narrow-leaved Taiwan fig, the ratio of the rooting powder solution is rooting powder: water = 1 / 500, and the spacing of the ground film holes is 10 cm×15 cm.
5. The artificial cultivation technology of narrow-leaved Ficus Taiwanii according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the artificial cultivation technology of narrow-leaved Taiwan Ficus microcarpa in step 3.2, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied after germination for 20 days is 5-10 g / m 2 In May, urea nitrogen fertilizer was applied again at a rate of 20 g / m 2 .