High-yield cultivation method for zanthoxylum armatum in stony desertification region

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-yield cultivation method for zanthoxylum armatum in a stony desertification area, and belongs to the technical field of economic forest cultivation. The invention discloses a high-yield cultivation method for zanthoxylum armatum in a stony desertification area. The method comprises the steps of soil preparation and pond digging, field planting, fertilization, fruiting branch culture, growth regulation, pest control, irrigation, harvesting and pruning, and garden cleaning and overwintering. According to the high-yield cultivation method for zanthoxylum armatum in the stony desertification area, zanthoxylum armatum is planted in the stony desertification area, soil and fertilizer conservation can be conducted on the land on the basis of ecological restoration, the scientific management level of farmer households can be improved, economic development of the area is promoted, and the ecological environment is protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of economic forest cultivation, and more specifically, to a high-yield cultivation method for Zanthoxylum armatum in rocky desertification areas. Background Art

[0006] Providing a high-yield cultivation method for Zanthoxylum armatum in rocky desertification areas is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, the present invention provides a high-yield cultivation method for Zanthoxylum armatum in rocky desertification areas. First, it improves the ecological environment in rocky desertification areas and prevents the further deterioration of rocky desertification. Second, through high-yield cultivation techniques, it achieves high and stable yields of Zanthoxylum armatum and promotes the economic development of farmers in this region.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A high-yield cultivation method for Zanthoxylum armatum in rocky desertification areas, comprising the following steps:

[0010] (1) Site preparation and pond digging

[0011] In places where the soil layer thickness is 50 cm or more and the terrain is relatively flat, the planting pond specifications are 40 cm × 40 cm × 40 cm; in places with more exposed rocks and a soil layer thickness of less than 50 cm, holes are dug and ponds are expanded in places with soil between the exposed bedrocks, and a ring-shaped sloping soil-retaining disk with a higher outer perimeter and a lower center is built with stones around the perimeter. The planting pond specifications are 30 cm × 30 cm × 30 cm. For planting ponds with a depth of less than 30 cm, make marks; separate the topsoil and subsoil and stack them separately.

[0012] (2) Planting

[0013] First, mix the topsoil, fully decomposed manure, and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer evenly at a ratio of 80%:18%:2%, and backfill it to a height of 30 cm - 40 cm at the bottom of the planting hole, then backfill the subsoil. The backfill height is 15 cm - 20 cm higher than the ground surface, and then plant, pouring sufficient root-fixing water; for the original planting depth of less than 30 cm and uneven pits and ponds, build stones around the pepper trees to ensure that the planting pond specifications reach 30 cm × 30 cm × 30 cm. After filling with soil, plant in March and pour sufficient root-fixing water.

[0014] (3) Fertilization

[0015] In late January, foliar fertilizer I was sprayed until water dripped from the leaf tips to promote flower bud differentiation. The foliar fertilizer I was prepared by mixing material A1 and material B in a ratio of 0.18%:99.82%. Material A1 was composed of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, 99% quick-dissolving boron, and 0.1% triacontanol, mixed in a ratio of 56%:42.5%:1.5%. Material B was clear water.

[0016] Starting from early March, foliar fertilizer II was sprayed until water dripped from the leaves to promote and accelerate flower formation. It was sprayed once every 15 - 20 days for a total of 3 - 4 times. The foliar fertilizer II was prepared by mixing material A2 and material B in a ratio of 0.45%:99.55%. Material A2 was composed of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.004% brassinolide, and 28-epi-brassinolide, mixed in a ratio of 23%:55%:11%:11%. Material B was clear water.

[0017] In late April, a flower and fruit protection fertilizer was sprayed until water dripped from the leaf tips through foliar spraying to protect flowers and fruits. The flower and fruit protection fertilizer was prepared by mixing material A3 and material B in a ratio of 0.16%:99.84%. Material A3 was composed of imidacloprid, amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, and Taipai water-soluble fertilizer, mixed in a ratio of 6.25%, 62.5%, and 31.25%. Material B was clear water.

[0018] In late July, the whole garden was sprayed with 80% wettable powder of Bordeaux mixture at a dosage of 100 g / mu.

[0019] (4) Cultivation of fruiting branches and growth regulation

[0020] The growth regulator was prepared by mixing material A4 and material B in a ratio of 0.44%:99.56%. Material A4 was composed of 5% uniconazole, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, brassinolide, and amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, mixed in a ratio of 33%:33%:12%:22%. Material B was clear water. The dosage was through foliar spraying until water dripped from the leaf tips.

[0021] From late January to early February: Prune the tender tips with more than 3 buds that are not yet mature and not brown to reduce nutrient consumption and promote flower bud differentiation.

[0022] In early August, primary main branches in different directions were cultivated from the auxiliary branches reserved during harvesting, and the first growth regulator was sprayed to promote the growth and development of new shoots.

[0023] In mid-September, overcrowded main branches were thinned out, and 20 - 30 branches were retained. The second growth regulator was sprayed.

[0024] In early October, the third growth regulator was sprayed.

[0025] In the first ten days of November, when the branches germinate to 15 - 20 cm, thin out the over - dense branches, weak and slender branches, and diseased and pest - infested branches; select strong branches growing from all directions, hold the root of the branch, and rotate the branch clockwise for 2 - 3 circles to prevent the branch from breaking; for those with strong growth and a branch - splitting angle less than 45°, carry out branch pulling, stretch and fix the branches from different directions to increase the branch spreading angle, slow down the growth potential, and enhance photosynthesis;

[0026] (5) Pest and disease control

[0027] Apply a pest and disease control agent once in the middle of March, the middle of May, and the middle of October respectively. Spray it on the leaves until water drips from the leaf tips to control diseases and pests such as rust, aphids, and spider mites; the pest and disease control agent is composed of material A5 and material B mixed in a ratio of 0.25%:99.75%; material A5: is composed of imidacloprid, 24% spirodiclofen, and difenoconazole mixed in a ratio of 34%:33%:33%; material B: clear water;

[0028] (6) Irrigation

[0029] When it germinates in the first ten days of February or March, water in a timely manner until the soil is moist;

[0030] (7) Harvesting and pruning

[0031] From late June to late July, harvest with branches; prune at 0.6 - 1 cm above the buds 2 - 3 cm from the base of the lateral branches, cut the long fruiting branches into sections about 15 - 40 cm long, remove the branch sections without fruit spikes, and then carry out baking;

[0032] Reserve 3 - 5 auxiliary branches (stumps) on the tree body, and apply Guoguang Hutu wound - healing and smearing agent to the pruning cuts after harvesting;

[0033] (8) Orchard cleaning for wintering

[0034] In late October: paint the tree trunks white with lime - sulfur mixture;

[0035] In early December, apply winter fertilizer; dig a circular groove with a width of 15 cm and a depth of 20 cm on the outer periphery of the tree crown, apply a compound fertilizer with a nitrogen - phosphorus - potassium ratio of 15:15:15 at 700 g per plant, and cover with soil.

[0036] Planting Zanthoxylum armatum DC. in rocky desertification areas can conserve soil and fertility on the basis of ecological restoration, improve the scientific management level of growers, promote the economic development of the region, and protect the ecological environment.

[0037] Through the above - mentioned technical solutions, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a high - yield cultivation method for Zanthoxylum armatum DC. in rocky desertification areas, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] (1) According to the soil structure characteristics in rocky desertification areas, the method of piling up stones to conserve soil is adopted to fix the planting holes, ensure the soil requirements for planting, and prevent soil erosion;

[0039] (2) Through a unique fertilization formula, foliar fertilization is carried out to promote the normal growth of Zanthoxylum armatum DC., solving the technical problems of poor soil fertility and difficult tree growth in rocky desertification areas;

[0040] (3) Through a unique pest and disease control formula, combined with the best pest and disease control time, pesticides are sprayed to effectively control common diseases such as rust, aphids, spider mites, anthracnose, etc. in rocky desertification areas. The configuration is simple and easy to operate;

[0041] (4) The technology of harvesting with branches is adopted to solve the technical problems in the traditional industry development of Zanthoxylum armatum DC., such as many thorns, difficult picking, high cost, and easy damage to oil glands during manual ear picking, resulting in poor color and affected sesamolin after baking;

[0042] (5) Through harvesting with branches, cultivating effective fruiting branch groups, combined with the preparation and application of a unique plant regulator, and adopting measures such as branch pulling and branch pressing, the cultivation of fruiting branches is promoted, effectively solving the technical problems of difficult plant growth and hard to achieve high yield in rocky desertification areas, and enabling the realization of a win-win situation between ecological benefits and economic benefits in rocky desertification areas. Detailed implementation mode

[0043] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0044] Embodiment 1

[0045] Select a rocky desertification area at an altitude of 1560m (part of the soil layer thickness is 50cm or more and the terrain is relatively flat), and carry out the high-yield technology of Zanthoxylum armatum DC. for planting and management. Planting design: There is no fixed plant spacing. The size of the planting pond is 40cm×40cm×40cm. First, mix the topsoil, fully decomposed farmyard manure, and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer evenly at a ratio of 80%:18%:2%, and backfill it to the bottom 30cm - 40cm of the planting hole, and then backfill the subsoil. The backfill height is 15cm - 20cm higher than the ground. Plant in March and pour sufficient root-fixing water;

[0046] From late January to early February: Cut off the tender tips with more than 3 buds that are not aged and not turned brown to reduce nutrient consumption;

[0047] In late January, spray foliar fertilizer I once until water drips from the leaf tips to promote flower bud differentiation; foliar fertilizer I is composed of material A1 and material B mixed in a ratio of 0.18%:99.82%; material A1: is composed of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, 99% quick-dissolving boron, and 0.1% triacontanol mixed in a ratio of 56%:42.5%:1.5%; material B: is clear water;

[0048] When it germinates from early February to early March, water in a timely manner until the soil is moist;

[0049] In early March, late March, and early April, spray foliar fertilizer II once every 15 days for a total of 3 times to promote flower bud formation; foliar fertilizer II is composed of material A2 and material B mixed in a ratio of 0.45%:99.55%; material A2: is composed of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.004% brassinolide, and 28-epi-brassinolide mixed in a ratio of 23%:55%:11%:11%; material B: is clear water;

[0050] In late April, apply the flower and fruit protection fertilizer by spraying it on the leaves until water drips from the leaf tips; the flower and fruit protection fertilizer is composed of material A3 and material B mixed in a ratio of 0.16%:99.84%; material A3: is composed of imidacloprid, amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, and Taipai water-soluble fertilizer mixed in a ratio of 6.25%, 62.5%, and 31.25%; material B: is clear water;

[0051] From late June to late July, through branch harvesting, prune at 0.6 cm - 1 cm above the buds 2 cm - 3 cm from the base of the lateral branches, cut the long fruiting branches into sections about 15 cm - 40 cm long, remove the branch sections without fruit spikes, and then bake; and reserve 3 - 5 auxiliary branches (stumps), and apply Guoguang Hutu wound healing agent to the pruning cuts after harvesting;

[0052] In late July, spray the whole garden with 80% wettable powder of Bordeaux mixture, dosage: 100 g / mu;

[0053] In early August, mid-September, and early October, apply growth regulators in 3 times and cultivate 20 - 30 primary main branches;

[0054] In late October: paint the tree trunks with lime sulfur mixture;

[0055] In the first ten days of November, when the branches germinate to about 20 cm, thin out the overcrowded branches, weak branches, diseased and insect branches, extend the fruiting parts, and promote nutrient formation; select strong branches growing in all directions, hold the root of the branch, and rotate the branch clockwise for 2 - 3 circles to prevent the branch from breaking; for those with strong growth and a branch angle less than 45°, perform branch pulling, stretch and fix the branches from different directions to increase the branch opening angle, slow down the growth potential, and enhance photosynthesis; through methods such as branch twisting and pulling, fix the tree shape and cultivate fruiting branch groups. Growth regulator: It is composed of material A4 and material B in a ratio of 0.44%:99.56%; material A4: It is composed of 5% uniconazole, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, brassinolide, and amino acid water-soluble fertilizer in a ratio of 33%:33%:12%:22%; material B: clear water; dosage: Spray on the leaves until water drips from the leaf tips.

[0056] In the first ten days of December, apply winter fertilizers; dig a circular groove with a width of 15 cm and a depth of 20 cm on the outer periphery of the tree crown, apply a compound fertilizer with a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio of 15:15:15, 700 g per plant, and cover with soil.

[0057] Apply a pest control agent once in the middle of March, the middle of May, and the middle of October respectively. Spray on the leaves until water drips from the leaf tips to prevent and control diseases and pests such as rust, aphids, and spider mites; the pest control agent is composed of material A5 and material B in a ratio of 0.25%:99.75%; material A5: It is composed of imidacloprid, 24% spirodiclofen, and difenoconazole in a ratio of 34%:33%:33%; material B: clear water.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] Select a rocky desertification area at an altitude of 1880 m (with many exposed rocks and some soil layers less than 50 cm thick), and carry out the high-yield cultivation technology of Zanthoxylum armatum for planting and management. Planting design: There is no fixed plant spacing. Avoid exposed rocks and dig pits in places with soil. The specifications of the planting pits are 30 cm × 30 cm × 30 cm. For those with a planting pit depth less than 30 cm, build stones to retain soil and fix the size of the planting pit. First, mix the topsoil, fully decomposed farmyard manure, and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer evenly in a ratio of 80%:18%:2%, backfill 30 cm at the bottom of the planting hole, and then backfill the subsoil. The backfill height is 15 cm - 20 cm higher than the ground surface. Plant in March and pour sufficient root-fixing water.

[0060] From late January to early February: Cut off the tender tips of more than 3 buds that are not aged and not brown, reducing nutrient consumption.

[0061] In late January, spray foliar fertilizer I once until water drips from the leaf tips to promote flower bud differentiation. Foliar fertilizer I is composed of material A1 and material B mixed in a ratio of 0.18%:99.82%. Material A1 is composed of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, 99% quick-dissolving boron, and 0.1% triacontanol mixed in a ratio of 56%:42.5%:1.5%. Material B is clear water.

[0062] When it germinates in early February to early March, water in a timely manner until the soil is moist.

[0063] In early March, late March, and early April, spray foliar fertilizer II once every 15 days for a total of 3 times to promote flower bud formation. Foliar fertilizer II is composed of material A2 and material B mixed in a ratio of 0.45%:99.55%. Material A2 is composed of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.004% brassinolide, and 28-epibrassinolide mixed in a ratio of 23%:55%:11%:11%. Material B is clear water.

[0064] In late April, apply the flower and fruit protection fertilizer by spraying it on the leaves until water drips from the leaf tips. The flower and fruit protection fertilizer is composed of material A3 and material B mixed in a ratio of 0.16%:99.84%. Material A3 is composed of imidacloprid, amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, and Taipai water-soluble fertilizer mixed in a ratio of 6.25%, 62.5%, and 31.25%. Material B is clear water.

[0065] From late June to late July, through branch-with-fruit harvesting, prune at 0.6 cm - 1 cm above the buds at 2 cm - 3 cm from the base of the lateral branches, cut the long fruiting branches into sections about 15 cm - 40 cm long, remove the branch sections without fruit spikes, and then carry out baking. Reserve 3 - 5 auxiliary branches (stumps), and after harvesting, apply Guoguang Hutu wound healing paint to the pruning cuts.

[0066] In late July, spray the whole garden with 80% wettable Bordeaux mixture powder, dosage: 100 g / mu.

[0067] In early August, mid-September, and early October, apply growth regulators in 3 times and cultivate 20 primary main branches.

[0068] In late October: Paint the tree trunks with lime sulfur mixture.

[0069] In the first ten days of November, when the branches germinate to about 20 cm, thin out the overcrowded branches, weak branches, diseased and insect branches, extend the fruiting parts, and promote nutrient formation; select strong branches growing from all directions, hold the roots of the branches, and rotate the branches clockwise for 2 - 3 circles to prevent the branches from breaking; for those with strong growth and a branch included angle less than 45°, perform branch pulling, stretch and fix the branches from different directions to increase the branch opening angle, slow down the growth potential, and enhance photosynthesis; through methods such as branch twisting and branch pulling, fix the tree shape and cultivate fruiting branch groups. Growth regulator: It is composed of material A4 and material B in a ratio of 0.44%:99.56%; material A4: It is composed of 5% uniconazole, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, brassinolide, and amino acid water-soluble fertilizer in a ratio of 33%:33%:12%:22%; material B: clear water; dosage: Spray on the leaves until water drips from the leaf tips through foliar spraying;

[0070] In the first ten days of December, apply winter fertilizers; dig a circular groove with a width of 15 cm and a depth of 20 cm on the outer periphery of the tree crown, apply compound fertilizer with a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio of 15:15:15, 700 g per plant, and cover with soil.

[0071] Apply a pest and disease control agent once in the middle of March, the middle of May, and the middle of October respectively. Spray on the leaves until water drips from the leaf tips through foliar spraying to control pests and diseases such as rust, aphids, and spider mites; the pest and disease control agent is composed of material A5 and material B in a ratio of 0.25%:99.75%; material A5: It is composed of imidacloprid, 24% spirodiclofen, and difenoconazole in a ratio of 34%:33%:33%; material B: clear water.

[0072] Control Group 1

[0073] The control group selected a rocky desertification area at an altitude of 1560 m (part of the soil layer thickness is 50 cm and above, and the terrain is relatively flat) to carry out the conventional management of Zanthoxylum armatum. Planting design: There is no fixed plant spacing, and the planting pit specifications are 40 cm × 40 cm × 40 cm; from late January to early February: Water in a timely manner, cut off the tender tips with more than 3 buds that are not aged and not brown to reduce nutrient consumption; spray 20 g of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer + 10 g of Yunda 120 in 20 Kg of clear water on March 1st, March 20th, and April 1st respectively, and spray on the leaves. Spray once every 15 days for a total of 3 times; from late June to late July, harvest by taking branches and leave 3 - 5 auxiliary branches (stumps); after harvesting, spray the whole garden with 80% wettable powder of Bordeaux mixture, dosage: 100 g per mu; and apply 1000 g per plant of 15:15:15 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer as the base fertilizer, cultivate 20 - 30 primary main branches, and cultivate fruiting branch groups. Control pests and diseases by spraying mancozeb in the middle of March, the middle of May, and the middle of October respectively. Spray on the leaves until water drips from the leaf tips, and the ratio of mancozeb to clear water is 4:3000.

[0074] Taking Example 1 and Example 2 as the experimental groups, the method of the present invention was used for planting in rocky desertification areas at different altitudes; taking Comparative Example 1 using the conventional planting method for planting in rocky desertification areas as the control group, 5 mu was selected for each group, and the planting variety was Zanthoxylum armatum cv. Like No. 1 with a seedling age of 2 years for planting. The yield was measured starting from the fifth year after planting, and the yields and the occurrence of diseases and pests in the experimental groups and the control group were counted. The results are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.

[0075] Table 1 Yield Measurement Table of Zanthoxylum armatum

[0076]

[0077] Table 2 Yield Measurement Table of Zanthoxylum armatum

[0078]

[0079] Due to the special soil conditions in rocky desertification areas, the plant spacing and row spacing cannot be standardized. For yield measurement, a representative and contiguous area of 135 m 2 was selected per mu in the experimental groups and the control group, and the yield per plant was actually measured by the stratified sampling method; and the projected area per plant, the area with a high degree of rocky desertification and unable to be planted in the area were measured, and the net fresh weight of peppers per square crown projection area, the crown projection coverage rate, and the yield per mu were calculated. Net fresh weight of peppers per square crown projection area = average net fresh weight per plant / average crown projection area per plant; actual planting area in the area = 135 m 2 - area unable to be planted in the area; average effective occupied area per plant = effective area in the area / actual number of planted plants in the area; crown projection coverage rate = (crown projection area per plant × number of plants in the area) / actual planting area in the area; net fresh weight of peppers per mu = net fresh weight of peppers per square crown projection area × 667 m 2 × crown projection coverage rate. Finally, the net fresh weight of peppers per mu was obtained.

[0080] Results:

[0081] Both Experimental Group 1 and the control group were in rocky desertification areas at an altitude of 1560 m with the same site conditions; Experimental Group 2 was in rocky desertification areas at an altitude of 1880 m, and the degree of rocky desertification was higher than that of Experimental Group 1 and the control group. Through years of observation, aphids occasionally appeared in Experimental Group 1 and Experimental Group 2 in years with relatively high temperatures and late rainy seasons. After using the method of the present invention, it could be effectively controlled with little impact on the yield; in different years and at different times in the control group, some plants had diseases such as rust, aphids, spider mites, and anthracnose. After pest and disease control, it could be effectively controlled, but there was a certain impact on the yield.

[0082] (1) Yield measurement started in the fifth year after planting. In experimental group 1 and experimental group 2, the method of the present invention was used for management and protection, while the control group adopted conventional management and protection. After 5 years of management and protection, the single-plant crown shadow area and the fresh weight of net peppers per single plant in experimental group 1 and experimental group 2 were higher than those in the control group; the mu yield of experimental group 1 > the mu yield of experimental group 2 > the mu yield of the control group.

[0083] (2) Since both the experimental group and the control group adopted the method of harvesting with branches, only a certain number of buds on the main trunk and side branches (stumps) of the pepper trees were retained after harvesting for cultivating the fruiting branch groups of the coming year. After management and protection, the growth of the tree body in the control group was slower than that in experimental group 1 and experimental group 2, the single-plant crown shadow area was smaller, and the crown shadow coverage rate was lower. The average single-plant yield and mu yield in the control group were both lower than those in experimental group 1 and experimental group 2.

[0084] (3) Due to the continuous use of the method of the present invention for management and protection, the single-plant crown shadow area, the fresh weight of net peppers per single plant, and the crown shadow coverage rate in experimental group 1 and experimental group 2 were much higher than those in the control group; although the degree of rocky desertification in experimental group 2 was higher than that in the control group, the yield was also much higher than that in the control group, which was sufficient to prove the unique effect of the present invention.

[0085] In summary, 1. By using the method of the present invention to dig planting holes, the soil can be fixed, soil erosion can be prevented, and the soil required for the growth of pepper trees in rocky desertification areas can be guaranteed; 2. The unique fertilization formula of the present invention can meet the nutrients required for the normal growth of Zanthoxylum armatum in rocky desertification areas; 3. The unique pest and disease control formula of the present invention, combined with the best pest and disease control time, has not shown large-scale diseases such as rust, aphids, spider mites, anthracnose, etc., ensuring the normal growth and development of pepper trees; 4. By adopting the technology of harvesting with branches combined with formula fertilization and growth regulation, the Zanthoxylum armatum in rocky desertification areas can achieve high and stable yields.

[0086] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A high-yield cultivation method for Zanthoxylum bungeanum in rocky desertification areas, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Land preparation and pond digging In places where the soil thickness is 50cm or more and the terrain is relatively flat, the planting pond size is 40cm×40cm×40cm; in places where there are many exposed rocks and the soil thickness is less than 50cm, holes are dug in the soil between the exposed bedrock to expand the pond, and stones are piled around to build a circular slope-shaped soil retaining plate with a high periphery and a low center. The planting pond size is 30cm×30cm×30cm. If the planting pond is less than 30cm deep, it should be marked; the topsoil and subsoil should be piled separately; (2) Colonization First, mix the topsoil, fully decomposed manure, and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer at a ratio of 80%:18%:2% and fill it back to 30cm~40cm at the bottom of the planting hole, then fill it with heart soil, and fill it 15cm~20cm above the ground before planting, and water it enough to establish roots; if the original planting depth is less than 30cm or the pit is uneven, pile stones around the pepper tree to ensure that the planting pond reaches 30cm×30cm×30cm. After filling the soil, plant it in March and water it enough to establish roots; (3) Fertilization In late January, spray foliar fertilizer I until water drips from the leaf tip: the foliar fertilizer I is made by mixing material A1 and material B in a ratio of 0.18%:99.82%; material A1 is made by mixing amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, 99% instant boron, and 0.1% triacontanol in a ratio of 56%:42.5%:1.5%; material B is clean water; Starting from early March, spray foliar fertilizer II until water drips from the leaf tip; spray once every 15 to 20 days, for a total of 3 to 4 times; the foliar fertilizer II is made by mixing material A2 and material B in a ratio of 0.45%:99.55%; material A2: a mixture of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.004% brassinolide, and 28-epi-brassic gibberellic acid in a ratio of 23%:55%:11%:11%; material B: clean water; In late April, spray the flower and fruit protection fertilizer, spray it on the leaves until water drips from the leaf tips; the flower and fruit protection fertilizer is prepared by mixing material A3 and material B in a ratio of 0.16%:99.84%; material A3: prepared by mixing imidacloprid, amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, and Tyvek water-soluble fertilizer in a ratio of 6.25%, 62.5%, and 31.25%; material B: clean water; In late July, spray the whole garden with 80% Bordeaux mixture wettable powder, dosage: 100g / mu; (4) Fruiting branch cultivation and growth regulation Growth regulator: A4 and B are mixed in a ratio of 0.44%:99.56%; A4: 5% uniconazole, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, brassinolide, amino acid water-soluble fertilizer are mixed in a ratio of 33%:33%:12%:22%; B: clean water; Dosage: Spray on leaves until water drips from the leaf tip; Late January to early February: Cut off the tender tips of more than 3 buds that have not aged or turned brown; In early August, primary main branches in different directions are cultivated from the auxiliary branches reserved during harvesting, and the first growth regulator is sprayed; In mid-September, remove the overcrowded main branches, leaving 20 to 30 branches; spray the second growth regulator; Spray the third growth regulator in early October; In early November, when the branches sprout to 15-20cm, remove the overcrowded branches, thin branches, diseased and insect-infested branches; select strong branches growing from all directions, hold the base of the branches, and turn the branches clockwise 2-3 times; for those with vigorous growth and branch angles less than 45°, pull the branches and stretch and fix them from different directions to increase the branch opening angle, slow down the growth potential, and enhance photosynthesis; (5) Pest and disease control The pest control agent is applied once in mid-March, mid-May and mid-October respectively, by spraying on the leaves until water drips from the leaf tips; the pest control agent is prepared by mixing material A5 and material B in a ratio of 0.25%:99.75%; material A5 is prepared by mixing imidacloprid, 24% spirocyclopentane and difenoconazole in a ratio of 34%:33%:33%; material B is clean water; (6) Watering When the seeds sprout in February or early March, water them until the soil is moist; (7) Harvesting and pruning From late June to late July, harvest with branches; prune the branches 0.6cm to 1cm above the 2cm to 3cm buds at the base of the side branches, cut the long fruiting branches into branches about 15cm to 40cm long, remove the branches without fruit ears, and then bake; Reserve 3 to 5 auxiliary branches on the tree body, and apply Guoguang paste callus smear on the pruning mouth after harvesting; (8) Cleaning the garden for wintering Late October: Whiten the trunks with lime sulfur; In early December, apply overwintering fertilizer; dig a ring ditch with a width of 15 cm and a depth of 20 cm on the periphery of the tree crown, apply compound fertilizer with a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio of 15:15:15, 700 g / plant, and cover with soil.

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