Foam blood vessel plug and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a foam blood vessel plug which comprises a first part and a second part which are connected with each other, the cross section area of the first part on the cross section perpendicular to the axial direction is larger than the cross section area of the second part on the cross section perpendicular to the axial direction, the first part is made of a deformable foam material, and the second part is made of an elastic material. And the second part is made of a deformable foam material. According to the foam blood vessel plug in a certain embodiment, the first part and the second part which are different in cross section area are arranged, so that the first part with the large cross section area can block a blood vessel at a specific position when not compressed, and the second part with the small cross section area can facilitate movement of the foam blood vessel plug in the blood vessel when the foam blood vessel plug is compressed. Therefore, the foam vascular plug disclosed by the invention is high in sheath performance, high in expansion rate and relatively short in expansion time so as to facilitate treatment of a patient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a foam vascular plug and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The mainstream treatment for vascular diseases is interventional therapy. Vascular intervention is divided into three major areas: coronary intervention, neurological intervention, and peripheral intervention. Peripheral intervention mainly involves the blood vessels of the human body's trunk and limbs except the aorta in the human blood circulation system. Peripheral blood vessels are divided into peripheral arterial blood vessels and venous blood vessels, and peripheral vascular diseases are also divided into peripheral arterial disease and peripheral venous disease.

[0003] Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) is a technique for treating diseases by injecting or delivering embolic materials into target blood vessels through a catheter under X-ray fluoroscopy to embolize the blood vessels. It achieves the purpose of treating diseases by blocking blood flow in blood vessels and reducing blood supply to the lesion or a specific part of the body.

[0004] So far, a variety of different vascular embolization devices have been put on the market and used for the treatment of various clinical diseases. The above-mentioned metal materials will remain permanently after implantation in the human body, leading to a series of long-term risks such as nickel ion allergy. The high density of metal materials and the greater mass required for filling further exacerbate the above-mentioned risks. In addition, the implanted metal will produce artifacts during subsequent MRI examinations, affecting the examination results. Most of the peripheral vascular embolization products currently on the market are NiTi alloy braided mesh or spring coils. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome at least one of the defects of the prior art described above, the purpose of the present application is to provide a foam vascular plug and a preparation method thereof to solve the problems of existing metal vascular plugs.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a foam vascular plug, comprising a first part and a second part connected to each other, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the first part in a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second part in a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction, wherein the material of the first part is a deformable foam material, and the material of the second part is a deformable foam material.

[0007] Optionally, a first channel is formed in the first part; the first channel is connected to the outside and / or the first channel extends into the second part.

[0008] Optionally, the incompressible porous material is arranged in the first channel.

[0009] Optionally, the first portion is made of a degradable and deformable foam material, the second portion is made of a degradable and deformable foam material, and the incompressible and degradable porous material is disposed in the first channel.

[0010] Optionally, the incompressible porous material is fixed in the first channel by medical biological glue.

[0011] Optionally, a plurality of first channels are formed in the first part, and the first channels are linear, a size of the first channels is greater than 1000 microns, and a pore size of the foam material is 50 to 3000 microns.

[0012] Optionally, the foam vascular plug includes the first part and the second part alternately arranged along the axial direction.

[0013] Optionally, the foam vascular plug also includes a third part, the third part is connected to the first part through the second part, and the material of the third part is a deformable foam material, and a second channel is formed in the first part; the second channel is connected to the outside and / or the second channel extends into the second part.

[0014] Optionally, the foam material is a porous material to allow liquid to pass through, and the foam material is a shape memory foam.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for preparing a foam vascular plug, which is used to prepare the foam vascular plug described in any embodiment of the first aspect, comprising:

[0016] Foaming the raw materials;

[0017] The foamed raw material is molded to obtain a molded foam blood vessel plug.

[0018] Optionally, biological glue is coated / sprayed on the incompressible porous material, and then the incompressible porous material is placed into the first channel.

[0019] The foam vascular plug in a certain embodiment of the present disclosure is provided with a first part and a second part with different cross-sectional areas, so that the first part with a large cross-sectional area can block a blood vessel at a specific position when it is not compressed, and the second part with a small cross-sectional area can help the foam vascular plug to move in the blood vessel when it is compressed. Therefore, the foam vascular plug of the present disclosure has a strong sheath-through performance, a high expansion rate, and a short expansion time, so as to help treat patients. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the foam vascular plug before compression in a certain embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the foam vascular plug after compression in a certain embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the foam vascular plug after entering the blood vessel in a certain embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the foam vascular plug in Example 1 of the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the foam vascular plug in Example 2 of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the foam vascular plug before compression in another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the foam vascular plug in Example 3 of the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the foam blood vessel plug before compression in another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the foam vascular plug in Example 4 of the present disclosure.

[0029] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the foam vascular plug in Example 5 of the present disclosure.

[0030] Fig.11 It is a schematic structural diagram of a foam vascular plug before compression in another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] Symbols in the figure: 100, first part; 110, first channel; 200, second part; 300, third part; 400, fourth part; 310, second channel; Z, axial direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] For better understanding and implementation, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0033] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "far", "near", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0034] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application.

[0035] First, the present disclosure provides a foam vascular plug, comprising a first part 100 and a second part 200 connected to each other, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the first part 100 in a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction Z is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second part 200 in a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction Z, wherein the material of the first part 100 is a deformable foam material, the material of the second part 200 is a deformable foam material, and a first channel 110 is formed in the first part 100; the first channel 110 is connected to the outside and / or the first channel 110 extends into the second part 200.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the vascular plug is composed of a first part 100 and a second part 200 alternately arranged along the axial direction Z. The first part 100 is a quasi-cylindrical structure, the second part 200 is a quasi-cylindrical structure, and the diameter of the cross section of the first part 100 is 2-6 times the diameter of the cross section of the second part 200, so that the cross-sectional area of ​​the first part 100 in the cross section perpendicular to the axial direction Z is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second part 200 in the cross section perpendicular to the axial direction Z. Specifically, the size of the cross section of the second part 200 is approximately smaller than the blood vessel to be entered, but the size of the cross section of the first part 100 is larger than the blood vessel to be entered.

[0037] When the vascular plug is inserted into a predetermined position, since the blood vessel to be passed through may be tortuous and difficult to pass through, the foam vascular plug prepared by the foam material of the present disclosure allows medical staff to compress the foam vascular plug to be inserted into the blood vessel. When the foam vascular plug of the present disclosure meanders in the blood vessel, since the second part 200 is smaller than or close to the blood vessel to be passed through, the degree of compression after entering the blood vessel is low, so when the foam vascular plug passes through the blood vessel, there is still a certain gap between the foam vascular plug and the blood vessel, so that the foam vascular plug can more easily pass through the curved blood vessel and reach the predetermined position.

[0038] For ease of understanding, the present disclosure provides schematic diagrams of the structure of the foam vascular plug before and after compression. Figure 1 As shown, before the foam vascular plug is compressed, its shape is as follows Figure 1 As shown. When compressed, the foam plug becomes Figure 2 At this time, the first part 100 is greatly compressed, and the second part 200 is not compressed, or is compressed to a lesser extent. Therefore, the second part 200 of the foam blood vessel plug after compression still has a part of deformation space, and can be deformed relatively easily, and then can move along the possibly winding blood vessel under the action of external force. For details, see Figure 3 .

[0039] When reaching the predetermined position, since the present invention adopts a foam vascular plug, the first part 100 and the second part 200 are both made of foam material, so the moisture in the blood can diffuse into the foam component of the foam vascular plug, so that the foam vascular plug restores its original shape and completes the embolization of the blood vessel.

[0040] It should be noted that both the first part 100 and the second part 200 are deformable foam materials. The foam material in the first part 100 is a porous structure, and under normal circumstances, liquid can pass through the pores therein. However, after the first part 100 is compressed, some of the originally unobstructed pores may be closed, or the flow rate may be very small, which in turn affects the recovery of the first part 100, making it impossible for the first part 100 to return to its original size for a long time, affecting the treatment. Therefore, a first channel 110 is formed in the first part 100, and the first channel 110 is connected to the outside world, and / or the first channel 110 extends to the second part 200, as shown in FIG. Figure 9-11 shown.

[0041] Specifically, when the first channel 110 is connected to the outside, water in the blood outside can enter the first part 100 through the first channel 110, and then reach various positions of the first part 100 through the porous structure of the first part 100, thereby allowing the first part 100 to expand and recover to achieve the effect of blood vessel blocking. It should be noted that the first channel 110 should be connected to the pores of the porous structure of the first part 100, so that water in the blood can enter and exit the pores of the porous structure to restore the first part 100.

[0042] When the first channel 110 is connected to the second part 200, external moisture can enter the first channel 110 through the pores of the porous structure of the second part 200, and then enter the pores of the porous structure of the first part 100 through the first channel 110, thereby expanding and restoring the first part 100. It should be noted that since the second part 200 is not compressed or the compression deformation is small, most of the pores of the porous structure of the second part 200 will not be closed, so external moisture can also enter the second part 200 relatively easily.

[0043] When the first part 100 is compressed, the first channel 110 of the first part 100 may also be partially closed, resulting in the inability of the liquid to flow, thereby affecting the recovery of the first part 100. Therefore, in some embodiments, an incompressible porous material is provided in the first channel 110, for example, an incompressible PLA (Polylactic Acid) porous filler, so that when the first part 100 is compressed, the first channel 110 will not be compressed. It is ensured that the liquid can flow from the pores of the incompressible porous material to various positions of the first part 100 as much as possible, so that various positions of the first part 100 can contact and absorb the liquid and recover the original shape as soon as possible.

[0044] In addition, in order to prevent the incompressible porous material from leaving the first channel 110, biological glue can be used to fix it in the first channel 110. It should be noted that when using biological glue for fixing, the biological glue can be simply distributed on the local surface of the incompressible porous material by spraying or using a tool. It should be noted that in some embodiments, the foam vascular plug is brought into a specific position of the blood vessel through a sheath, so under the action of the sheath, the incompressible material is not easy to flow out to the outside. Therefore, in some optional embodiments, the size of the first channel and the size of the incompressible porous material can be set, so that the size of the incompressible porous material is slightly larger than the first channel, so that it can be plugged into the first channel.

[0045] Optionally, the material of the first part 100 is a degradable and deformable foam material, the material of the second part 200 is a degradable and deformable foam material, and an incompressible and degradable porous material is provided in the first channel 110. Specifically, the material of the first part 100 and the second part 200 is one or more of polyurethane foam, polycaprolactone foam, polylactide foam, polytrimethylene carbonate foam, polydodecylglycerol foam, and poly(ω-pentadecanolactone) foam. In addition, the foam material disclosed in the present invention is a shape memory foam, that is, the compressed foam material can restore its shape after absorbing liquid.

[0046] Optionally, a plurality of first channels 110 are formed in the first part 100, and the first channels 110 are linear, the size of the first channels 110 is greater than 1000 microns, and the pore size of the foam material is 50 to 3000 microns. It should be noted that the shapes of the channels in a single foam material are not consistent, but each has its own shape. For example, among all the channels of a certain foam material, most of the channels have a pore size of only 100 microns, and a small part of the channels have a pore size of 3000 microns. However, the distribution of large-pore channels is uneven and may not meet the needs. Therefore, the present disclosure sets the first channel 110 to penetrate into the interior of the first part 100 to provide more stable moisture to each area of ​​the first part 100.

[0047] In addition, the first channel 110 may also be a bifurcated type, that is, having a plurality of branch channels.

[0048] Optionally, when not compressed, the span of the first part 100 in the cross section is 2-5 times the span of the second part 200 in the cross section. Specifically, in order to avoid excessive compression of the first part 100, which results in an extremely slow recovery speed, in some optional embodiments, the height of the first part 100 is compressed or the compression ratio does not exceed 5 times, that is, if the span of the first part 100 in the cross section is originally 10 mm, it is preferably not less than 2 mm after compression.

[0049] Optionally, the foam vessel plug includes a first portion 100 and a second portion 200 alternately arranged along the axial direction Z, or the foam vessel plug also includes a third portion 300, the third portion 300 is connected to the first portion 100 through the second portion 200, and the third portion 300 is made of a deformable foam material, and a second channel 310 is formed in the first portion 100; the second channel 310 is connected to the outside and / or the second channel 310 extends into the second portion 200. The shapes of the foam vessel plug are various, and the present disclosure will be described in conjunction with specific drawings.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the foam vascular plug can be formed by alternating the first part 100 and the second part 200 along the axial direction Z. Specifically, the foam vascular plug includes 4 cylindrical first parts 100 and 3 cylindrical second parts 200, and the first parts 100 and the second parts 200 are alternately arranged. Among them, the diameter of the first part 100 is 15mm, the diameter of the second part 200 is 5mm, and the length of the entire foam vascular plug along the axial direction Z is 25mm. Specifically, the length of each first part 100 along the axial direction Z is 4mm, and the length of each second part 200 along the axial direction Z is 3mm.

[0051] like Figure 4As shown, in some embodiments, the foam vascular plug is formed by connecting the third part 300 on the left, the first second part 200, the first first part 100, the second second part 200, the second first part 100, the third second part 200 and the third part 300 on the right in sequence along the axial direction Z. The diameter of the first part 100 is 15 mm, the diameter of the third part 300 is 7 mm, the diameter of the second part 200 is 5 mm, the length of each first part 100 along the axial direction Z is 5 mm, the length of each second part 200 along the axial direction Z is 3 mm, and the length of each third part 300 along the axial direction Z is 3 mm.

[0052] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the foam vascular plug is composed of a first part 100 on the left, a first second part 200, a first third part 300, a second second part 200, a second third part 300, a third second part 200, and a first part 100 on the right. The diameter of the first part 100 is 15 mm, the diameter of the third part 300 is 7 mm, the diameter of the second part 200 is 5 mm, the length of each first part 100 along the axial direction Z is 5 mm, the length of each second part 200 along the axial direction Z is 3 mm, and the length of each third part 300 along the axial direction Z is 3 mm.

[0053] Furthermore, in some embodiments, Figure 6 As shown, the foam vascular plug is composed of the third part 300 on the left, the first second part 200, the first first part 100, the second second part 200, the second third part 300, the third second part 200 and the first part 100 on the right. The diameter of the first part 100 is 15 mm, the diameter of the third part 300 is 7 mm, the diameter of the second part 200 is 5 mm, and the length of the entire foam vascular plug along the axial direction Z is 25 mm. The length of each first part 100 along the axial direction Z is 5 mm, the length of each second part 200 along the axial direction Z is 3 mm, and the length of each third part 300 along the axial direction Z is 3 mm.

[0054] Furthermore, in some embodiments, Figure 7As shown, the foam vascular plug may also include a fourth part 400. Specifically, the first part 100 is located in the middle, and the third part 300 and the fourth part 400 are located on both sides. Specifically, the two fourth parts are located on the left and right sides, respectively, and the two third parts 300 are located between the first part 100 and the fourth part 400 on the left, and between the first part 100 and the fourth part 400 on the right. And the outer diameters of the first part 100, the third part 300 and the fourth part 400 gradually decrease. And the plurality of second parts 200 are located between the first part 100 and the third part 300, and between the third part 300 and the fourth part 400. Among them, the maximum diameter of the first part 100 is 15mm, the maximum diameter of the third part 300 is 12mm, the maximum diameter of the fourth part 400 is 10mm, the maximum diameter of the fourth part 400 is 5mm, and the length of the entire foam vascular plug along the axial direction Z is 25mm. The length of each first portion 100 along the axial direction Z is 5 mm, the length of each second portion 200 along the axial direction Z is 1 mm, the length of each third portion 300 along the axial direction Z is 4 mm, and the length of each fourth portion 400 along the axial direction Z is 4 mm.

[0055] In some embodiments, Figure 8 As shown, the foam vascular plug includes two first parts 100 and a second part 200 located between the two first parts 100. The first part 100 is a semicircular structure, and the cut surfaces of the two first parts 100 are arranged opposite to each other, and the two cut surfaces are connected by the second part 200. The length of each first part 100 along the axial direction Z is 10 mm, and the length of each second part 200 along the axial direction Z is 5 mm.

[0056] At the same time, in order to test the effect of the foam blood vessel plug, the present disclosure also tests different embodiments. Specifically, the foam blood vessel plug is compressed to match the cross section of the second part 200, that is, its cross section is compressed to be roughly a circle with a diameter of 5 mm, and the volume after compression is ensured to be roughly the same. Then, it is immersed in water to test the time required for it to fully expand (i.e., restore to its original shape).

[0057]

[0058] At the same time, the present disclosure also provides a control group, which uses a cylindrical polyurethane foam with a diameter of 15 mm and a length of 25 mm. After testing, it was found that the time for its full expansion was 23.3±2.1min (23.3mm is the average value of the embodiment, and ±2.1min is determined by the value with the largest difference from the average value in the experimental data), which is significantly greater than the above-mentioned embodiment of the present disclosure. Specifically, firstly, since the application of the present disclosure includes the second part 200, the second part 200 is not compressed or the compression degree is low when entering the blood vessel, so the pores of the porous structure of the second part 200 are not squeezed and blocked, so the water in the blood vessel can quickly enter the second part 200. In addition, since the second part 200 is connected to the first part 100, the water in the second part 200 can also gradually enter the first part 100 through the area connected to the first part 100, so that the foam blood vessel plug of the present disclosure can be restored to its original state faster.

[0059] It should be noted that, since the contact area between the second part 200 and the first part 100 is limited, the area of ​​the first part 100 close to the second part 200 recovers quickly, but the area of ​​the first part 100 far from the second part 200 may recover slowly, so the first channel 110 can be provided in the first part 100 to absorb blood from the outside. Specifically, the first channel 110 can be provided on the side of the first part 100 far from the second part 200 to speed up contact with blood from the outside.

[0060] In addition, it should also be noted that medical personnel can choose to use a foam vascular plug with a first channel 110 or a foam vascular plug without a first channel 110 according to the situation.

[0061] In addition, the present disclosure also provides a method for preparing a foam vascular plug, which is used to prepare the vascular plug in any of the above embodiments, and comprises:

[0062] Step S1. Foaming the raw materials;

[0063] Step S2: molding the foamed raw material to obtain a molded foam vascular plug.

[0064] The raw materials disclosed in the present invention are various. Taking the preparation of polyurethane foam as an example, the core raw materials are isocyanate and polyether polyol, to which halogenated olefins can be added as foaming agents, and dibutyltin dilaurate is used as a catalyst for catalysis to finally obtain polyurethane foam.

[0065] When preparing polycaprolactone foam, polylactide foam, polytrimethylene carbonate foam, polydodecylglycerol foam, and poly(ω-pentadecanolactone) foam: use polymer as the main raw material, inorganic salt (NaCl\KCl) as the pore-forming agent, and use solvent dissolution / heating and melting method to prepare the foam.

[0066] Take the preparation of lactide foam as an example: polylactide is used as the core raw material, and substances that modify PLA are added, such as multifunctional epoxy chain extenders (BASF SE's Joncryl is the most commonly used commercial product), peroxides (lauroyl peroxide, diisopropyl peroxide), maleic anhydride, oxazoline, etc.

[0067] Finally, the foamed raw material, such as polyurethane foam, can be formed by laser to obtain a foamed vascular plug. It should be noted that there are various ways to shape the foamed raw material. In some optional embodiments, the foamed raw material can be placed in a mold for shaping to obtain a molded foamed vascular plug.

[0068] Optionally, biological glue (e.g., methyl α-cyanoacrylate, fibrin glue) is filled / sprayed on the incompressible porous material (e.g., PLA porous material), and then the incompressible porous material is placed in the first channel 110. During the filling process, the user can simply sprinkle the biological glue on a portion of the outer surface of the incompressible porous material with a tool to avoid soaking the incompressible porous material in the biological glue.

[0069] In the process of using the foam vascular plug of the present disclosure, the medical staff can compress the foam vascular plug and then insert it into the blood vessel. Then, the medical staff can push the foam vascular plug along the blood vessel with the help of tools and finally move it to a predetermined position. Finally, after the foam vascular plug reaches the predetermined position, it expands when it contacts the blood, so that the first part 100 and / or the third part 300 returns to the original size, thereby blocking the specific position for treatment.

[0070] The present invention designs a foam vascular plug with a porous foam having shape memory. The main component of the vascular plug is the shape memory foam. The foam vascular plug can be compressed into a rod-shaped material in vitro. Since the foam has an extremely high porosity, its volume compression ratio is extremely high. The compressed vascular plug can reach the lesion site through a thin delivery sheath, which can avoid damage to the tissue during the delivery process. After reaching the lesion site, the water in the blood diffuses into the foam component of the vascular plug, which can restore the foam to its original shape and complete the embolization of the blood vessel.

[0071] First, the compressed foam vascular plug has soft segments (i.e., the second part 200) and hard segments (i.e., the compressed first part 100) that are alternately distributed, so that the vascular plug has good bending properties and can pass through tortuous blood vessels to reach the distal lesion location, which significantly expands the scope of use of the foam vascular plug.

[0072] Secondly, the main component of the foam vascular plug (degradable foam) has an extremely high compression ratio. However, the high compression ratio will make the surface of the compressed foam present a dense structure, hindering the diffusion of water molecules in the blood into the foam, resulting in a longer foam expansion time and the risk of displacement of the vascular plug caused by blood flushing.

[0073] Secondly, in the compressed foam vascular plug disclosed in the present invention, there is an uncompressed porous foam part (i.e., the second part 200), through which water molecules can quickly diffuse into the interior of the foam vascular plug, thereby accelerating the shape recovery of the vascular plug, achieving rapid and immediate embolization, avoiding the problem of vascular plug displacement, reducing clinical risks, and shortening operation time.

[0074] In addition, the expansion time of the product can be adjusted by controlling the ratio and distribution between different diameters in the foam vascular plug to adapt to vascular embolism under various hemodynamic conditions.

[0075] Furthermore, the present invention further regulates the diffusion rate of water by designing the first channel 110 on the foam, thereby being able to effectively prepare a blood vessel plug suitable for a variety of usage scenarios.

[0076] In order to more clearly explain the technical solution of the present disclosure, the technical means of the present application are not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above-mentioned embodiments, but also include technical solutions composed of any combination of the above technical features. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present application, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications are also regarded as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A foam vascular plug, characterized in that: It comprises a first part and a second part which are connected to each other, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the first part in a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second part in a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction, wherein the material of the first part is a deformable foam material, and the material of the second part is a deformable foam material.

2. The foam blood vessel plug according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first channel is formed in the first part; the first channel is communicated with the outside and / or the first channel extends into the second part.

3. The foam blood vessel plug according to claim 2, characterized in that: An incompressible porous material is disposed in the first channel.

4. The foam blood vessel plug according to claim 3, characterized in that: The material of the first part is a degradable and deformable foam material, the material of the second part is a degradable and deformable foam material, and the degradable incompressible porous material is arranged in the first channel.

5. The foam blood vessel plug according to claim 3, characterized in that: The incompressible porous material is fixed in the first channel by medical biological glue.

6. The foam blood vessel plug according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of first channels are formed in the first part, and the first channels are linear, the size of the first channels is greater than 1000 microns, and the pore size of the foam material is 50 to 3000 microns.

7. The foam vascular plug according to claim 1, characterized in that: The foam vascular plug comprises the first part and the second part alternately arranged along the axial direction; or The foam vascular plug also includes a third part, which is connected to the first part through the second part, and the third part is made of a deformable foam material. A second channel is formed in the first part; the second channel is connected to the outside and / or the second channel extends into the second part.

8. The foam vascular plug according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The foam material is a porous material to allow liquid to pass through, and the foam material is a shape memory foam.

9. A method for preparing a foam vascular plug, for preparing the foam vascular plug according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: Foaming the raw materials; The foamed raw material is molded to obtain a molded foam blood vessel plug.

10. The method for preparing the foam vascular plug according to claim 9, characterized in that: The biological glue is coated / sprayed on the incompressible porous material, and then the incompressible porous material is placed into the first channel.

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