Width-thickness-adjustable rigid aluminum alloy slab ingot crystallizer and preparation method of slab ingot

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of slab ingot crystallizer manufacturing, and particularly discloses a width-thickness-adjustable rigid aluminum alloy slab ingot crystallizer and a slab ingot manufacturing method. The width-thickness-adjustable rigid aluminum alloy slab ingot crystallizer comprises a large-face frame, a crystallization ring assembly, a plurality of small-face water tanks, a large-face frame driving mechanism and a small-face water tank driving mechanism; wherein the large-surface frame comprises a first large-surface frame and a second large-surface frame; the small-face water tanks are located between the first large-face frame and the second large-face frame, and the space defined by the first large-face frame, the second large-face frame and the multiple small-face water tanks is used for installing the crystallization ring assembly. The crystallization ring assembly is detachably connected with the first large-face frame and the second large-face frame and is of a closed hollow structure. The relative position of the large-face frame and the small-face water tank can be adjusted, and aluminum alloy slab ingots of different specifications can be flexibly manufactured by replacing crystallization ring assemblies of different specifications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of flat ingot crystallizer manufacturing, and in particular to an aluminum alloy flat ingot crystallizer with adjustable width and thickness and a method for preparing the flat ingot. Background Art

[0002] Aluminum alloy materials have the advantages of low density, high specific strength, and easy plastic deformation. They are widely used in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, and shipbuilding industries. Their ingots are usually obtained by semi-continuous casting. Semi-continuous casting technology has the characteristics of stable pouring, long ingot length, easy automation, and high production efficiency. It is the mainstream technology for current enterprise production. Among them, the ingot crystallizer is the core equipment for preparing ingots in the semi-continuous casting process. It has a very important influence on various aspects such as ingot size deviation, surface quality, uniformity of internal and external organizational components, and forming rate.

[0003] At present, the flat ingot crystallizer used in the industry is usually a fixed crystallizer, which has the advantages of high molding quality and long life, but its size and shape are fixed, and it is suitable for producing ingots of specific sizes. The fixed crystallizer is generally a water tank frame with fixed shape and size, which is used with a guide ingot located below the crystallizer. In the production process of aluminum alloy ingots, the guide ingot is pressed against the bottom surface of the crystallizer to form an open space with the crystallizer. When the aluminum alloy melt is poured into this space, the heat of the melt is quickly transferred to the cooling water in the crystallizer through the crystallizer, and solidified in the crystallizer to form a shell. Then the shell descends with the guide ingot, and the cooling water in the crystallizer is sprayed onto the surface of the shell through the water outlet. The melt that continuously flows in continues to solidify to form an ingot of the shape defined by the crystallizer.

[0004] In the prior art, such as a double-row water-cooled crystallizer for deformed aluminum alloys with a patent application number of CN202211690141.1, although it can improve the surface quality of the ingot, reduce the scrap of the ingot due to tearing and cracking, and increase the yield of the ingot by 2%, it can be used for the production of deformed aluminum alloys with smaller solid-liquid zones, but it can only produce ingots of one specification, and the replacement cost is high. When market demand changes or it is necessary to develop and produce ingots of different specifications, the fixed crystallizer is difficult to match the production, and it is necessary to purchase and make a new crystallizer. The purchase cost of a single set is as high as hundreds of thousands of yuan, and the crystallizer production cycle is as long as several months. In the subsequent production, the equipment is idle for a long time and the maintenance cost is high. In addition, when it is necessary to frequently produce ingots of other specifications, replacing the crystallizer not only involves the disassembly of the crystallizer, but also involves the installation, commissioning, trial production and other links of the new crystallizer. The replacement is time-consuming and maintenance is inconvenient, which seriously affects the production efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide an aluminum alloy flat ingot crystallizer with adjustable width and thickness and a method for preparing the flat ingot, which can meet the production of ingots of various specifications, has high flexibility, and does not require disassembly or replacement of the entire aluminum alloy flat ingot crystallizer, thereby improving production efficiency.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] The first scheme: an aluminum alloy flat ingot crystallizer with adjustable width and thickness, comprising a large face frame, a crystallization ring assembly, a plurality of small face water tanks, a large face frame driving mechanism and a small face water tank driving mechanism; wherein the large face frame comprises a first large face frame and a second large face frame; the small face water tank is located between the first large face frame and the second large face frame, and the space surrounded by the first large face frame, the second large face frame and the two small face water tanks is used to install the crystallization ring assembly; wherein the crystallization ring assembly is detachably connected to the first large face frame and the second large face frame, and there is a water spraying distance between them; the space surrounded by the crystallization ring assembly is used to accommodate the aluminum alloy melt and cast the ingot; the large face frame driving mechanism is connected to the first large face frame and the second large face frame, respectively, and the large face frame driving mechanism The structure is used to drive the first large surface frame and the second large surface frame to move closer to or away from each other so as to adjust the thickness of the ingot; the first large surface frame and the second large surface frame are respectively provided with a first slide groove and a second slide groove, and the first slide groove and the second slide groove are respectively slidably connected with the small surface water tank driving mechanism, and the small surface water tank is installed on the small surface water tank driving mechanism, and the small surface water tank driving mechanism is used to adjust the width of the ingot; the interior of the large surface frame is a hollow structure and is connected with a first water inlet pipe, and a first water outlet hole is opened on the inner wall of the large surface frame close to the crystallization ring assembly; a second water outlet hole is opened on the inner wall of the small surface water tank close to the crystallization ring assembly; the first water outlet hole and the second water outlet hole are used for all-round direct cooling of the outer wall of the crystallization ring assembly and the outer surface of the aluminum alloy ingot that is not adjacent to the inner wall of the crystallization ring assembly.

[0008] Beneficial effects: First, the crystallizer realizes flexible adjustment of the width and thickness of the ingot through the large-surface frame drive mechanism and the small-surface water tank drive mechanism. This design enables the crystallizer to quickly adapt to the production of aluminum alloy ingots of various specifications without replacing the entire crystallizer, significantly improving the versatility and production flexibility of the equipment. The crystallization ring assembly adopts a detachable connection, combined with the rapid adjustment ability of the drive mechanism, the crystallizer can complete the specification switching in a short time, reducing the equipment downtime and improving production efficiency. Secondly, the crystallizer adopts a modular design, and the main components such as the large-surface frame, the small-surface water tank and the crystallization ring assembly can be quickly disassembled and replaced. This design reduces the downtime caused by specification switching or equipment maintenance and reduces the idle cost of the equipment. Since there is no need to frequently replace the entire crystallizer, the main structure of the crystallizer can operate stably for a long time, reducing the risk of wear and damage to the equipment, extending the service life of the equipment, and further reducing the maintenance cost. At the same time, the design of the large-surface frame drive mechanism and the small-surface water tank drive mechanism can accurately control the movement of the frame and the water tank to ensure the adjustment accuracy of the ingot width and thickness. This stable adjustment capability improves the reliability and stability of the equipment operation. The crystallization ring assembly and the large surface frame are detachably connected. This design not only facilitates the rapid replacement of the crystallization ring assembly, but also maintains a stable connection during equipment operation, avoiding production accidents caused by loose connections.

[0009] Preferably, the first two ends of the first large face frame are respectively fixedly mounted with first fixing blocks, and the two ends of the second large face frame are respectively fixedly mounted with second fixing blocks; the large face frame driving mechanism comprises a first bidirectional threaded screw and a first motor; one end of the first bidirectional threaded screw is threadedly connected to the first fixing block, and the other end is threadedly connected to the second fixing block. The first motor is respectively fixedly mounted at the two ends of the first large face frame, the first motor is close to the first fixing block, and the first motor is connected to the bidirectional threaded rod, and the first large face frame and the second large face frame are horizontally moved relatively close to or away from each other by rotating the first bidirectional threaded screw.

[0010] Beneficial effects: First, through the cooperation of the first bidirectional threaded screw and the first motor, the first large face frame and the second large face frame can achieve horizontal movement that is relatively close to or away from each other. This design can flexibly adjust the distance between the two large face frames, thereby changing the spatial size inside the crystallizer, and then realizing the precise adjustment of the thickness of the aluminum alloy ingot. This adjustment capability enables the crystallizer to adapt to the production needs of ingots of different specifications without replacing the entire crystallizer, greatly improving the versatility and production flexibility of the equipment. Secondly, the combination of the first bidirectional threaded screw and the first motor provides precise mechanical transmission, which can achieve high-precision position adjustment. The control of the motor can be achieved through an automated system, further improving the accuracy and stability of the adjustment, ensuring the consistency of the ingot thickness and the stability of the product quality. At the same time, the large face frame drive mechanism has a compact structure and is easy to install and maintain. The operator can operate the motor through a simple control interface to achieve rapid adjustment of the frame, reducing the difficulty of operation and the requirements for the operator's skills. Finally, the flexible adjustment capability of the large face frame combined with the replaceable crystallization ring assembly further enhances the adaptability of the crystallizer. The crystallization ring assembly can be quickly replaced according to the specifications of the ingot, while the adjustment of the large surface frame can fine-tune the thickness of the ingot. The two work together to enable the crystallizer to quickly adapt to production needs of different specifications.

[0011] Preferably, the small face water tank driving mechanism includes two small face water tank driving units, which are respectively arranged at the two ends of the large face frame; each small face water tank driving unit includes a second motor, a plurality of second bidirectional threaded screws, a first slider and a second slider; the first large face frame and the second large face frame are respectively provided with a first slide groove and a second slide groove, and the first slide groove and the second slide groove are respectively slidably connected with the first slider and the second slider; a third threaded through hole is provided on the first slider, and a fourth threaded through hole is provided on the second slider; one end of the second bidirectional threaded screw is threadedly connected to the third threaded through hole, and the other end is threadedly connected to the fourth threaded through hole; the second motor is fixedly installed on the first slider, and the second motor extends out of the surface of the first large face frame; a tooth is fixedly installed on the outer side surface of the first large face frame, and the tooth is facing away from the crystallization ring assembly; the second motor is connected to the tooth; by running the second motor, the first slider and the second slider are driven to move horizontally, so that the first small face water tank and the second small face water tank are in a horizontal movement relatively close to or away from each other.

[0012] Beneficial effects: First, the small face water tank driving mechanism can drive the first slider and the second slider to move horizontally along the slide slot through the cooperation of the second motor and the second bidirectional threaded screw, thereby driving the first small face water tank and the second small face water tank to move horizontally relatively close to or away from each other. This design enables the crystallizer to flexibly adjust the distance between the small face water tanks, thereby changing the space width inside the crystallizer, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the width of the aluminum alloy ingot. This adjustment capability enables the crystallizer to adapt to the production needs of ingots of different specifications without replacing the entire crystallizer, greatly improving the versatility and production flexibility of the equipment. Secondly, this design can quickly adjust the width of the crystallizer through simple motor drive and threaded screw transmission, reducing the time for equipment replacement and debugging, significantly improving production efficiency, and is particularly suitable for frequent switching production of ingots of multiple specifications. At the same time, the design of the small face water tank driving mechanism provides precise mechanical transmission through the combination of the second bidirectional threaded screw and the second motor, which can achieve high-precision position adjustment. The control of the motor can be achieved through an automation system, further improving the accuracy and stability of the adjustment, ensuring the consistency of the ingot width and the stability of product quality. Moreover, the design of the drive mechanism is relatively compact, mainly consisting of a motor, a bidirectional threaded screw, a slider and a slide, with a simple structure and easy installation and maintenance. The operator can operate the motor through a simple control interface to achieve rapid adjustment of the small face water tank, which reduces the difficulty of operation and the requirements for operator skills. Next, the flexible adjustment ability of the small face water tank can not only change the width of the crystallizer, but also optimize the distribution and injection angle of the cooling water. By adjusting the position of the small face water tank, the cooling water can act more evenly on the crystallization ring and the ingot surface, improve the cooling effect and surface quality of the ingot, and reduce defects such as cracks and dimensional deviations.

[0013] Preferably, the crystallization ring assembly includes a crystallization ring, an oil circuit pressure cover, a lifting ring and a connecting plate; the upper surface of the crystallization ring is provided with a lubricating oil groove and densely arranged oil drain holes; the oil circuit pressure cover is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the separation ring, and the connecting plate is riveted to the crystallization ring and the oil circuit pressure cover respectively; the lifting ring is fixedly installed on the crystallization ring for directly installing and replacing the entire crystallization ring assembly.

[0014] Beneficial effects: First, the upper surface of the crystallization ring is provided with a lubricating oil groove and densely arranged oil drain holes. This design can ensure that the lubricating oil is evenly distributed on the inner wall surface of the crystallization ring. During the casting process, the lubricating oil can effectively reduce the friction between the aluminum alloy melt and the inner wall of the crystallization ring, reduce the adhesion phenomenon, thereby improving the surface quality of the ingot and extending the service life of the crystallization ring. The oil circuit gland is fixed on the upper surface of the crystallization ring, and the lubricating oil can be evenly supplied to the inner wall of the crystallization ring through the oil drain holes to ensure the continuity and stability of the lubrication effect. Secondly, the lifting ring is fixedly installed on the crystallization ring, so that the entire crystallization ring assembly can be quickly installed and replaced by a crane or other lifting equipment. This design greatly shortens the time for replacing the crystallization ring assembly, reduces equipment downtime, and improves production efficiency. The crystallization ring assembly adopts a modular design, including a crystallization ring, an oil circuit gland, a lifting ring and a connecting plate. The components are connected by riveting. This structure not only ensures the stability of the assembly, but also facilitates rapid disassembly and replacement, further improving the maintenance convenience of the equipment. At the same time, the crystallization ring is the core component of ingot forming. Its surface lubrication design and structural optimization can effectively reduce defects on the surface of the ingot, such as cold shut, cracks and segregation nodules. Through uniform lubrication and stable cooling effect, the crystallization ring can ensure uniform surface temperature distribution of the ingot during cooling, thereby improving the surface quality and internal structural uniformity of the ingot. The design of the lubricating oil groove and the oil drain hole can effectively reduce the adhesion between the ingot surface and the crystallization ring, avoid surface tearing or cracking caused by adhesion, and thus significantly improve the yield of the ingot. Next, the quick replacement design of the crystallization ring assembly enables the crystallizer to quickly adapt to the production needs of ingots of different specifications. In multi-specification production scenarios, enterprises can quickly replace the crystallization ring assembly without replacing the entire crystallizer, which greatly improves production flexibility and equipment utilization. The crystallization ring assembly can be customized according to different ingot specifications. By replacing crystallization rings of different sizes and shapes, the crystallizer can flexibly produce aluminum alloy ingots of various specifications to meet the diverse needs of the market. In addition, the quick replacement design reduces equipment downtime and maintenance time, improves equipment utilization, and thus reduces the idle cost of equipment. Finally, the design of the crystallization ring assembly works in conjunction with the cooling water system, and the cooling effect can be further improved by optimizing the spray angle and flow rate of the cooling water. The design of the lubricating oil groove and the oil drain hole not only lubricates the crystallization ring, but also removes part of the heat through the lubricating oil to assist cooling, thereby improving the cooling efficiency and surface quality of the ingot.

[0015] Preferably, the crystallization ring is a closed hollow structure, wherein the hollow structure is the casting space of the aluminum alloy ingot; its horizontal cross-sectional shape is determined according to the shrinkage coefficient of the aluminum alloy ingot to be processed, the cross-sectional surface of ingots of different sizes of copper alloy material, and the cooling and stress state of the ingot; the crystallization ring is a cone, the inner side profile of which is inclined inwardly with a taper of 1.2° and is provided with chamfers on the outer sides close to the large surface frame and the small surface water tank.

[0016] Beneficial effects: First, the chamfer helps to spray cooling water onto the ingot surface earlier. Second, the crystallization ring is cooled by the spray water from the large-surface frame and the small-surface water tank, which can avoid the problem in the prior art that when the conventional water tank-type crystallizer is cooled by continuous circulating water, a water vapor film is attached to the inner wall of the crystallizer close to the aluminum alloy ingot due to the high temperature, thereby reducing the cooling intensity of the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot attached to the inner wall of the crystallizer. The innovatively designed crystallization ring can improve the surface quality of the ingot and reduce the occurrence of defects such as cold shut and segregation nodules.

[0017] Preferably, a water baffle is provided inside the large-surface frame to divide the water tank into upper and lower different cooling water spaces; according to the different cooling water spaces, the first water outlet includes an upper water hole and a lower water hole, the water spraying direction of the upper water hole is toward the outer wall of the crystallization ring assembly, and the water spraying direction of the lower water hole is toward the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot; the upper water holes are evenly arranged, the aperture of each upper water hole is 6mm, the interval between two adjacent upper water holes is 16mm, and they are inclined to the inner wall of the large-surface frame; the lower water holes are a double drainage structure, including an upper row and a lower row, which are used to spray water to cool the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot, the aperture of each water hole in the upper row is 3mm, and it is inclined to the inner wall of the large-surface frame; the aperture of each water hole in the lower row is 4mm, and it is inclined to the inner wall of the large-surface frame; wherein, the upper and lower rows of water holes are staggered up and down and evenly distributed along the axial direction of the large-surface frame.

[0018] Beneficial effects: First, the water tank is divided into two different cooling water spaces, upper and lower, by the water baffle, so that the cooling water can be targeted and cooled according to different parts of the ingot and the crystallization ring. The upper water holes mainly cool the outer wall of the crystallization ring assembly, and the lower water holes directly cool the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot. This layered design can distribute the cooling water more evenly, avoid local overcooling or overheating, and thus improve the uniformity of the cooling effect. The lower water holes adopt a double drainage structure (upper and lower rows), which can cover the ingot surface more comprehensively, ensuring that the cooling water is evenly sprayed to all parts of the ingot, especially the middle and sides of the ingot, further optimizing the cooling effect. Secondly, the aperture, spacing and inclination angle of the upper and lower water holes are carefully designed. For example, the aperture of the upper water hole is 6mm, the interval is 16mm, and the aperture of the lower water hole is 3mm and 4mm, respectively, and they are staggered. This design can ensure that the cooling water is evenly sprayed onto the crystallization ring and the ingot surface, avoiding excessive temperature gradients caused by uneven distribution of cooling water, thereby reducing the occurrence of defects such as cracks on the ingot surface and cold shuts. The water holes are inclined to the inner wall of the large-surface frame, so that the cooling water can be sprayed onto the ingot surface at a certain angle, avoiding local stress concentration caused by direct impact of the cooling water on the ingot surface, and further reducing the risk of cracks on the ingot surface. At the same time, through the layered and double drainage structure, the cooling water can be sprayed onto the crystallization ring and the ingot surface more evenly, reducing the waste of cooling water and improving the cooling efficiency. At the same time, the uniform cooling effect can shorten the solidification time of the ingot and improve production efficiency. The design of the water baffle divides the cooling water into two layers, which can stabilize the pressure of the cooling water, avoid unstable cooling effect caused by water pressure fluctuations, and further optimize the cooling process. Finally, through the precise control of the cooling water flow and pressure by the control system, combined with the layered cooling design, the crystallizer can realize an automated and intelligent cooling process. This design not only improves production efficiency, but also reduces errors in human operation, further optimizing the production process.

[0019] Preferably, the lower water hole is a double drainage structure, including an upper row and a lower row, and the lower water holes located in the upper row include, from left to right, the first left sub-water outlet hole, the first middle sub-water outlet hole and the first right sub-water outlet hole; the distance between the two farthest first left sub-water outlet holes is 400mm, the distance between the two farthest first middle sub-water outlet holes is 1800mm, and the distance between the two farthest first right sub-water outlet holes is 400mm; the aperture of the first middle sub-water outlet hole is 3.6mm, the spacing between two adjacent first middle sub-water outlet holes is 8mm, and it is inclined at The inner wall of the large-surface frame; the first middle sub-water outlet hole is used for centralized cooling of the middle part of the crystallizer assembly, and the middle part of the crystallizer assembly corresponds to the middle part of the aluminum alloy ingot; the apertures of the first left sub-water outlet hole and the first right sub-water outlet hole are both 3.2㎜, and are both inclined to the inner wall of the large-surface frame, and the spacing between two adjacent first left sub-water outlet holes and two adjacent first right sub-water outlet holes is 12mm; the first left sub-water outlet hole and the first right sub-water outlet hole are used for centralized cooling of the two side corners of the crystallizer assembly, and the two side corners of the crystallizer assembly correspond to the two side edges of the rolling surface of the aluminum alloy ingot.

[0020] Beneficial effects: This water outlet distribution design can adjust the distribution of cooling water at different positions of the ingot, improve the cooling and stress state of the ingot, reduce the tendency of ingot cracking, and improve the ingot forming rate.

[0021] Preferably, it includes a connecting block and bolts, the connecting block is fixedly connected to the second bidirectional threaded screw, and the small water tank is connected to the connecting block by bolts.

[0022] Beneficial effects: The small water tank can be quickly disassembled and installed through bolt connection. This design allows operators to quickly replace small water tanks of different specifications according to production needs, so as to adapt to the production of ingots of different thicknesses. For example, when it is necessary to produce aluminum alloy ingots of different thicknesses, it is only necessary to replace the small water tank of the corresponding length without adjusting or replacing the entire crystallizer. This connection method supports modular production, and the small water tank can be customized and replaced according to specification requirements, further enhancing the versatility and flexibility of the crystallizer.

[0023] Preferably, when the length of the small surface water tank is 400mm, aluminum alloy ingots with a thickness of 400-550mm can be produced; when the length of the small surface water tank of the crystallizer is 500mm, aluminum alloy ingots with a thickness of 500-650mm can be produced; when the length of the small surface water tank of the crystallizer is 800mm, aluminum alloy ingots with a thickness of 800-950mm can be produced.

[0024] Beneficial effects: First, by replacing the small water tanks of different lengths, the crystallizer can produce aluminum alloy ingots of various thickness ranges without the need to purchase or replace the entire crystallizer. This design significantly improves the versatility and flexibility of the crystallizer, enabling it to quickly adapt to production requirements of different specifications. The replaceability of the small water tank is a manifestation of the modular design concept, which enables the crystallizer to quickly adjust production specifications according to market demand and reduce the idle time of equipment caused by specification switching. Secondly, when traditional crystallizers produce ingots of different specifications, they usually need to purchase multiple sets of crystallizers of different sizes, which is costly. However, this design can achieve the production of multiple specifications by replacing the small water tank, reducing the repeated investment in equipment. The replacement of the small water tank is simple and easy to maintain, reducing the maintenance time and cost caused by equipment adjustment or replacement. This design makes the maintenance of the crystallizer more efficient and further reduces production costs. At the same time, the replacement of the small water tank is simple and quick, and the specification switching can be completed in a short time, reducing equipment downtime and significantly improving production efficiency. This fast switching capability is particularly suitable for frequent production switching of ingots of multiple specifications, and can quickly respond to market demand. By preparing small face water tanks of different lengths in advance, enterprises can quickly adjust production specifications according to order requirements without waiting for equipment modification or the purchase and installation of new crystallizers, further optimizing the production process. Next, since there is no need to frequently replace the entire crystallizer, the main structure of the crystallizer (such as the large face frame) can operate stably for a long time, reducing the wear caused by equipment disassembly and installation, and extending the service life of the equipment. Small face water tanks of different lengths can optimize the distribution and injection angle of cooling water according to the thickness of the ingot, further improve the cooling effect, and reduce the risk of equipment damage caused by improper cooling. Finally, the correspondence between the length of the small face water tank and the thickness of the ingot is clarified, providing clear production guidance for operators. Operators can quickly select the appropriate small face water tank according to the target ingot thickness, reducing production errors caused by improper specification selection. The clear specification correspondence enables operators to quickly master the adjustment method of the equipment, reducing the difficulty of operation and improving the ease of use of the equipment.

[0025] A second scheme, a method for preparing a slab, which is used to prepare a slab by using the aluminum alloy slab crystallizer with adjustable width and thickness as described in the first scheme, comprising: step one: determining the production specifications of the target aluminum alloy ingot, selecting a crystallization ring assembly of the same specifications according to the production specifications of the target aluminum alloy ingot, and driving the large face frame and the small face water tank respectively by the large face frame driving mechanism and the small face water tank driving mechanism according to the specifications of the crystallization ring assembly, so that the space formed by the large face frame and the small face water tank is used to accommodate the crystallization ring assembly; and installing the crystallization ring assembly between the first large face frame and the second large face frame; step two: pouring molten metal into the crystallization ring to cast the aluminum alloy ingot, and spraying water to the outer wall of the crystallization ring through the first water outlet and the second water outlet to cool it; step three: after the aluminum alloy ingot is completely solidified, taking out the ingot by a crane; step four: when producing the next batch of aluminum alloy ingots of different specifications, hooking the hook by the crane to directly replace the crystallization ring assembly of the same specifications corresponding to the aluminum alloy ingot.

[0026] Beneficial effects: Similar to the beneficial effects of the first solution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an aluminum alloy slab crystallizer with adjustable width and thickness according to at least one embodiment;

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of an aluminum alloy flat ingot crystallizer (excluding a crystallization ring assembly) with adjustable width and thickness according to at least one embodiment;

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a crystallization ring assembly according to at least one embodiment;

[0030] Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the interior of a large-surface frame of at least one embodiment;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a comparison chart of the ingot cracking conditions of the test example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the technical terms or scientific terms used in this application should have the common meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0034] The reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include:

[0035] Crystallization ring assembly 1, large surface frame 2, small surface water tank 3, small surface water tank drive mechanism 4, small surface water tank drive mechanism 5, lifting ring 6, oil circuit pressure cover 7, crystallization ring 8, connecting plate 9, positioning hole 10, first slide groove 11, first small surface water tank 12, baffle 13, positioning pin 14, first water pipe 15, second small surface water tank 16, second slider 17, first bidirectional threaded screw 18, second slide groove 19, first water inlet pipe 20, water baffle 21.

[0036] The embodiment is further described:

[0037] The flexible crystallizer in the prior art is mainly used to solve the problem of ingot tail expansion of the ingot. For example, an adjustable crystallizer with patent application number CN202322437834.6 uses a driving mechanism to elastically deform the large crystallization panel, so that the ingot maintains the same thickness, reduces the dimensional deviation of the ingot thickness, and does not change the specifications of the ingot. The flexible crystallizer is used to solve the problem of ingot shape consistency during the casting process, which is essentially different from the crystallizer, as well as the technical problems and technical features solved by this embodiment. In the prior art, the application of width-adjustable crystallizers is also relatively widespread, but this type of crystallizer can only adjust the ingot width and cannot be applied to the production of ingots of other thickness specifications.

[0038] Embodiment 1

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an aluminum alloy flat ingot crystallizer with adjustable width and thickness, including a crystallization ring assembly 1, a large face frame 2 of the crystallizer, two small face water tanks 3 of the crystallizer, a large face frame 2 driving mechanism and a small face water tank driving mechanism 4. In this embodiment, the large face frame 2 of the crystallizer is a hollow structure, which is used as a large face water tank of the crystallizer. Among them, the large face frame 2 corresponds to the rolling surface of the ingot, and the small face frame corresponds to the non-rolling surface of the ingot.

[0040] The large-surface frame 2 of the crystallizer includes a first large-surface frame 2 and a second large-surface frame 2, and positioning pins 14 are fixedly arranged on the first large-surface frame 2 and the second large-surface frame 2, and the positioning pins 14 at two different positions are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the first large-surface frame 2 and the second large-surface frame 2. A positioning hole 10 is opened on the crystallization ring assembly 1, and the structures of the positioning hole 10 and the positioning pin 14 are matched. The crystallization ring assembly 1 and the large-surface frame 2 of the crystallizer are connected through the cooperation of the positioning pin 14 and the positioning hole 10, so that the crystallization ring assembly 1 can be hung firmly on the first large-surface frame 2 and the second large-surface frame 2 to realize the detachable connection between the crystallization ring assembly 1 and the large-surface frame 2 of the crystallizer. The crystallization ring assembly 1 is detachably connected to the first large-surface frame 2 and the second large-surface frame 2, respectively, and there is a water spray distance between the crystallization ring assembly 1 and the first large-surface frame 2 and the second large-surface frame 2. There is a water spraying distance between the crystallization ring assembly 1 and the first large surface frame 2, and there is a water spraying distance between the crystallization ring assembly 1 and the second large surface frame 2. The water spraying distances of the two are not necessarily equal. The water spraying distances can be set accordingly according to the scale of the ingot.

[0041] Specifically, the small face water tank 3 of the crystallizer includes a first small face water tank 12 and a second small face water tank 16. The first large face frame 2 and the second large face frame 2 are respectively fixedly mounted with a first fixing block and a second fixing block at the left and right ends. The first fixing block is provided with a first threaded through hole, and the second fixing block is provided with a second threaded through hole. The thread directions of the first threaded through hole and the second threaded through hole are opposite.

[0042] The driving mechanism of the large face frame 2 includes two first bidirectional threaded screws and two first motors. One end of the first bidirectional threaded screw is threadedly connected to the first threaded through hole, and the other end is threadedly connected to the second threaded through hole. The first motor is fixedly installed at the left and right ends of the first large face frame 2 respectively. The first motor is close to the first fixed block. The main shaft of the first motor is connected to the bidirectional threaded rod. By rotating the first bidirectional threaded screw, the first large face frame 2 and the second large face frame 2 are relatively close to or away from each other in horizontal movement, so as to achieve the effect of adjustable thickness.

[0043] like Figure 2As shown, the small face water tank driving mechanism 4 includes two small face water tank 3 driving units, and the two small face water tank 3 driving units are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the large face frame 2. Each small face water tank 3 driving unit includes a second motor, two second bidirectional threaded screws, a first slider and a second slider 17. The first large face frame 2 and the second large face frame 2 are respectively provided with a first slide groove 11 and a second slide groove 19, and the first slide groove 11 and the second slide groove 19 are respectively slidably connected with the first slider and the second slider 17. A third threaded through hole is provided on the first slider, and a fourth threaded through hole is provided on the second slider 17. Among them, there are 2 third threaded through holes and 2 fourth threaded through holes. One end of the second bidirectional threaded screw is threadedly connected to the third threaded through hole, and the other end is threadedly connected to the fourth threaded through hole. The second motor is fixedly installed on the first slider, and the main shaft of the second motor extends out of the surface of the first large face frame 2. The outer side surface of the first large face frame 2 is fixedly installed with teeth, and the teeth are facing away from the crystallization ring assembly 1. The main shaft of the second motor is meshed with the teeth, which is equivalent to the gears on the main shaft of the second motor being meshed with the teeth. By running the second motor, the first slider and the second slider 17 are driven to move horizontally to achieve the effect of adjustable width. In this embodiment, the first bidirectional threaded screw and the second bidirectional threaded screw have the same structure. The small face water tank 3 of the crystallizer is fixedly installed in the middle position of the second bidirectional threaded screw, and the small face water tank 3 of the crystallizer is located between the first large face frame 2 and the second large face frame 2.

[0044] like Figure 3 As shown, the crystallization ring assembly 1 includes a crystallization ring 8, a hanging ring 6, an oil circuit gland 7 and a connecting plate 9. The upper surface of the crystallization ring 8 is provided with a lubricating oil groove and densely arranged oil drain holes. The oil circuit gland 7 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the separation ring. At least one set of solenoid valves and oil injection pipelines are provided on the side of the crystallization ring assembly 1. The solenoid valves and the oil injection pipelines are facing away from the crystallization ring 8, and lubricating oil is supplied to the crystallization ring 8 through the oil drain holes. A sealing ring is arranged on the connecting plate 9 and is tightly connected to the oil circuit gland 7. The crystallization ring 8 is used for casting ingots, that is, the inner wall of the crystallization ring 8 is the working surface of the ingot.

[0045] The crystallization ring 8 and the connecting plate 9 are connected by riveting to form a whole. An oil pipeline is provided between the oil gland 7 and the crystallization ring 8. An oil drain hole is provided on the top of the crystallization ring 8 to allow the lubricating oil to lubricate the inner wall surface of the crystallization ring 8. The connecting plate 9 is connected to the oil gland 7 by riveting. Four positioning holes 10 are provided on the connecting plate 9, and the positioning holes 10 and the positioning pins 14 are clearance-matched. A lifting ring 6 is fixedly installed on each of the four ends of the crystallization ring 8 to realize the rapid replacement of the crystallization ring 8.

[0046] The interior of the large surface frame 2 is a hollow structure and is connected to a first water inlet pipe 20, which is far away from the crystallization ring assembly 1; a first water outlet hole is opened on the inner wall of the large surface frame 2 close to the crystallization ring assembly 1; a second water outlet hole is opened on the inner wall of the small surface water tank 3 close to the crystallization ring assembly 1; the first water outlet hole and the second water outlet hole are used for all-round direct cooling of the outer wall of the crystallization ring assembly 1 and the outer surface of the aluminum alloy ingot that is not close to the inner wall of the crystallization ring 8.

[0047] Specifically, in the present embodiment, the structure of the crystallization ring 8 is associated with the design of the first water outlet. The height of the crystallization ring 8 is 120 mm, and its inner contour wall is in the vertical direction. The extension line of the inner contour wall passes through the ingot abutting against its inner contour wall, and the angle between its extension line and the vertical direction is 1.2°, that is, the taper of the crystallization ring 8 is 1.2°. At the same time, a chamfer is provided at the bottom of the crystallization ring 8, and the chamfer is used for the water spray direction of the first water outlet to be toward the ingot surface and to make the ingot surface see water earlier, that is, the ingot surface can quickly contact with the cooling water. In the present embodiment, the shape of the horizontal cross section is composed of an arc segment, and its inner contour is elliptical.

[0048] By designing the height, taper, horizontal cross-sectional shape of the crystallization ring 8 and the size, angle and spacing of the first water outlet hole, water outlet is uniform, the height at which the ingot sees water is increased, and the phenomenon of uneven temperature distribution and interference fountain on the surface of the crystallization ring 8 and the ingot during casting is effectively avoided, the cooling intensity of the ingot surface is improved, the casting formability and surface quality of the 7 series aluminum alloy are improved, and defects such as tensile cracks, surface cracks and tensile exposure are avoided.

[0049] like Figure 4As shown, a crystallizer in a width and thickness adjustable aluminum alloy flat ingot crystallizer, a first large face frame 2 and a second large face frame 2 are respectively provided with a water baffle 21 inside, which separates the water tank into two different cooling water spaces, so that the pressure of the upper and lower water bodies is stable. According to the difference in cooling water space, the first water outlet includes a plurality of upper water holes and lower water holes. The upper water holes are evenly arranged, the aperture of each upper water hole is 6mm, the interval between two adjacent upper water holes is 16mm, and the angle formed with the horizontal plane of the inner side wall of the large face frame 2 is 10°. The upper water holes are used to spray water on the outer wall surface of the crystallization ring 8 to indirectly cool the aluminum alloy ingot or the metal melt. The lower water holes are a double drainage structure, including an upper row and a lower row, which are used to spray water on the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot, that is, spray water on the lower part of the aluminum alloy ingot, directly contacting the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot. At this time, the aluminum alloy ingot is in a solidified state, and the cooling speed can be accelerated directly by spraying water. The lower water holes are evenly distributed. The diameter of each first water hole in the upper row of the lower water holes is 3mm, and the angle formed with the horizontal plane of the inner wall of the large surface frame 2 is 45°. The diameter of each first water hole in the lower row is 4mm, and the angle formed with the horizontal plane of the inner wall of the large surface frame 2 is 22.5°. The first water holes in the upper and lower rows are staggered and evenly distributed along the axial direction of the large surface frame 2, and the distance between two adjacent lower water holes is 8mm.

[0050] A second water outlet is provided on the inner wall of the small water tank 3, and the second water outlet is evenly arranged in multiple levels. The second water outlet close to the lower part of the aluminum alloy ingot is used for all-round direct cooling of the outer wall of the crystallization ring assembly 1, and the second water outlet close to the upper part of the aluminum alloy ingot is used for all-round direct cooling of the outer wall of the crystallization ring assembly 1.

[0051] The beneficial effects of this embodiment

[0052] The existing technologies use fixed or width-adjustable crystallizers, which cannot directly achieve adjustable production specifications of aluminum alloy ingots, because they all form a large-surface frame (equivalent to a water tank) and a small-surface water tank to form a circulation type, uninterrupted indirect cooling of the ingot, which has achieved a good condensation effect. This kind of ingot can only be cast using a closed surrounding structure, so it cannot change the scale of ingot production. However, this embodiment forms a closed surrounding structure for ingot casting through an adjustable large-surface frame and a small-surface water tank, as well as a crystallization ring assembly. Through this adjustable large-surface frame and small-surface water tank, ingots of different specifications can be cast quickly and flexibly by replacing the crystallization ring. At the same time, according to the design of the water outlet holes of the large-surface frame and the small-surface water tank, not only can a good condensation effect be achieved, but the lower row of water outlet holes can also cool the solidified ingot.

[0053] The aluminum alloy flat ingot crystallizer provided in this embodiment can quickly change specifications and can adjust both width and thickness. This solves the problem in the prior art that multiple crystallizers of different sizes need to be prepared to produce aluminum alloy ingots of different sizes. The width and thickness of the flat ingot crystallizer can be adjusted by the drive mechanism, and the crystallization ring 8 can be quickly replaced, which makes it more flexible to use and shortens the production cycle. Compared with traditional crystallizers, the equipment cost of this embodiment is lower, which effectively reduces the production cost.

[0054] First, this aluminum alloy flat ingot crystallizer that can quickly change specifications and achieve adjustable width and thickness, the crystallizer includes a crystallization ring assembly 1, a frame assembly, a drive mechanism, a cooling water system, a control system and an ingot guide system. The crystallization ring assembly 1 is a plurality of sets of integral components that can be replaced with each other according to the needs of casting flat ingots of different specifications, which realizes the rapid replacement of the crystallizer specifications. The frame assembly is a crystallizer structural support frame, and the frame drive mechanism designed on both sides of the crystallizer large face frame 2 realizes the movement of the crystallizer large face frame 2 toward or away from each other, thereby adjusting the thickness of the cast ingot. The small face drive mechanism is arranged on the frame drive mechanisms on both sides, and the small face drive mechanism can make the crystallizer small face water tank 3 move synchronously toward or away in the width direction, thereby realizing the adjustment of the cast ingot width.

[0055] Secondly, the cooling water system includes the crystallizer large surface water tank body, water cooling cover, crystallizer small surface water tank 3 and other components. Through the optimized design of water spray holes and cooling water flow, effective cooling of the ingot and crystallization ring 8 is achieved. The top and bottom of the water cooling cover are arranged with drainage holes of different angles and spacings to ensure that the cooling water can be evenly splashed onto the ingot and crystallization ring 8.

[0056] At the same time, the ingot starting system includes an ingot starting head that matches the size of the inner ring of the crystallization ring 8. The ingot starting head is connected to a base that can be raised and lowered and can also be quickly replaced. This ensures that the ingot starting process can proceed smoothly and improves production efficiency.

[0057] Embodiment 2

[0058] Different from the first embodiment, the arrangement of the lower water holes located in the upper row of the lower layer of the large surface frame 2 is different. In this embodiment, the lower water holes located in the upper row of the lower layer include, from left to right, the first left sub-water outlet hole area, the first middle sub-water outlet hole area and the first right sub-water outlet hole area; the area length of the first left sub-water outlet hole is 400mm. The distance between the two farthest first middle sub-water outlet holes is 1800mm, which is equivalent to the area length of 1800mm on the inner wall of the large surface frame 2 for setting the first middle sub-water outlet hole. The distance between the two farthest first right sub-water outlet holes is 400mm, which is equivalent to the area length of 400mm on the inner wall of the large surface frame 2 for setting the first right sub-water outlet hole. The aperture of the first middle sub-water outlet hole is 3.6㎜, the spacing between the two adjacent first middle sub-water outlet holes is 8mm, and the angle formed with the horizontal plane of the inner wall of the large surface frame 2 is 47°. The first middle sub-water outlet hole is used for centralized cooling of the middle part of the outer wall of the crystallization ring 8, and the middle part of the outer wall of the crystallization ring 8 corresponds to the middle area of ​​the outer surface of the aluminum alloy ingot. The apertures of the first left sub-water outlet hole and the first right sub-water outlet hole are both 3.2㎜, and the angle formed with the horizontal plane of the inner wall of the large surface frame 2 is 43°. The spacing between two adjacent first left sub-water outlet holes and two adjacent first right sub-water outlet holes is 12mm. The first left sub-water outlet hole and the first right sub-water outlet hole are respectively used for centralized cooling of the left corner and the right corner of the outer wall of the crystallization ring 8, and the left corner and the right corner of the outer wall of the crystallization ring 8 correspond to the left and right edges of the rolling surface of the aluminum alloy ingot.

[0059] The beneficial effects of this embodiment

[0060] The angle, diameter and distribution of the first water outlet provided in this embodiment are more suitable for the cooling of large-sized ingots, especially high-alloyed ingots, and have a significant improvement effect on the cooling of the edges of the ingots, especially near the corners of the ingots, thereby reducing the cooling intensity in this area, reducing the stress distribution on the edges and corner surfaces of the ingots, reducing the crack tendency of the ingots, and improving the forming rate of the ingots.

[0061] Specifically, the small side of the aluminum alloy ingot refers to two relatively smaller side surfaces parallel to each other among the side surfaces of the aluminum alloy ingot, and is also the side surface of the ingot facing the small-side water tank 3. The large side of the aluminum alloy ingot refers to two relatively larger side surfaces parallel to each other among the side surfaces of the aluminum alloy ingot, and is also the side surface of the ingot facing the large-side frame 2.

[0062] In summary, since the aluminum alloy ingot is gradually condensed from the poured liquid to a solid state, the stresses in the middle and the corners on both sides of the large surface of the ingot are different. If the first water outlet holes of the entire large surface frame 2 are simply evenly distributed, the number, angle, and distribution of the first water outlet holes cannot be adjusted according to the stress conditions of different parts. The design of the lower layer water holes located in the upper row of the lower layer of the second embodiment, whether relative to the design of the first water outlet holes of the first embodiment, or by circulating water inside the frame in the prior art, cannot solve the problem of multiple cracks during the condensation process of the ingot. Specifically, this is largely related to the distribution of cooling water and the uneven cooling rate caused by it. When cooling water acts on the outer surface of the ingot, there is usually a difference in the cooling rate of the central area and the edge corners: the central part cools more slowly due to the slow heat dissipation, while the corners cool faster due to the large exposed area and close to the cooling water source. This inconsistency in cooling rate leads to thermal stress inside the ingot, especially when the volume shrinkage intensifies during the transition from liquid to solid, rapid cooling at the corners will form large tensile stress, which can easily cause cracks. That is, the design of the first embodiment and the prior art are both difficult to solve this technical problem.

[0063] The distribution of the first water outlet provided in Example 2 includes a first left sub-water outlet, a first middle sub-water outlet and a first right sub-water outlet. Among them, the distribution distance area of ​​the first left sub-water outlet and the first right sub-water outlet is small, but the interval distance between the two adjacent first left water outlets and the first right water outlet is small, and the distribution is relatively dense. This is because the ingot corner has a certain curvature, and the dense distribution of the first water outlets on both sides can achieve all-round condensation of the corners on both sides of the ingot without dead angles. The distribution distance of the first middle water outlet is large, that is, the number of the first middle water outlets is large.

[0064] Test example

[0065] This test example is used to conduct a comparative test on the distribution of the first water outlet holes of Example 1 and Example 2. Specifically, the distribution of the first water outlet holes described in Example 1 is used as the first test group, and the distribution of the first water outlet holes of Example 2 is used as the second test group. It can be seen from Example 1 and Example 2 that the difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that the lower layer water holes located in the upper row of the lower layer are divided into a first left sub-water outlet hole, a first middle sub-water outlet hole and a first right sub-water outlet hole. In Example 1, the lower layer water holes located in the upper row of the lower layer are directly and evenly distributed, and the aperture, spacing and angle of the lower layer water holes in Example 1 and Example 2 are different. The test results were obtained by using the first test group and the second test group to respectively produce aluminum alloy ingots. The test results are as follows:

[0066] like Figure 5As shown, on the left side (1), the first test group is used to cast aluminum alloy ingots. It can be seen that the corner cracks of this ingot are mainly concentrated in the corner area of ​​the ingot, from the bottom to the gate, that is, the upper part is evenly distributed with transverse cracks of about 120 mm in length and 40 mm in depth. The cracks are spaced 200 mm at the bottom of the ingot and 150 mm at the gate.

[0067] On the right side (2), the aluminum alloy ingot was cast using the second test group. It can be seen that there is a tiny crack about 20 mm long and 5 mm deep in the transition area from the small surface to the large surface.

[0068] It can be seen from this test example that the aluminum alloy ingot cast by using Example 2 has better ingot quality.

[0069] Embodiment 3

[0070] Different from the aforementioned embodiment, the connection between the small surface water tank 3 and the second bidirectional threaded screw is a detachable connection, and the size of the small surface water tank 3 can be replaced according to the thickness of the ingot.

[0071] Specifically, two connecting blocks are connected with bolts on the top of the small face water tank 3, and the connecting blocks are threadedly connected to the second bidirectional threaded screw. According to different ingot specifications, small face water tanks 3 of different sizes are matched. When the length of the small face water tank 3 is 400mm, aluminum alloy ingots with a thickness of 400-550mm can be produced. When the length of the small face water tank 3 of the crystallizer is 500mm, aluminum alloy ingots with a thickness of 500-650mm can be produced. When the length of the small face water tank 3 of the crystallizer is 800mm, aluminum alloy ingots with a thickness of 800-950mm can be produced.

[0072] The beneficial effects of this embodiment

[0073] By adopting a detachable bolt and threaded connection method, the small face water tank 3 and the second bidirectional threaded screw can be quickly replaced and adjusted, which not only simplifies the equipment maintenance and operation process, but also greatly improves the production flexibility. Specifically, the small face water tank 3 of the corresponding size can be flexibly replaced according to the different ingot thickness specifications, ensuring the precise adaptability to the production of aluminum alloy ingots of different thicknesses, optimizing the cooling effect, and improving product quality and yield. In addition, this modular design reduces the idle time of equipment, improves the response speed and efficiency of the production line, reduces production costs, and provides strong support for the large-scale customized production of aluminum alloy ingots of different specifications. For example, when the lengths of the small face water tank 3 are 400mm, 500mm and 800mm respectively, they can correspond to the production of aluminum alloy ingots with thicknesses of 400-550mm, 500-650mm and 800-950mm, respectively, fully meeting the diversified production needs.

[0074] Embodiment 4

[0075] The present embodiment provides a method for preparing a flat ingot, which is used to prepare a flat ingot using the aluminum alloy flat ingot crystallizer with adjustable width and thickness as described in the above embodiment, including: Step 1: Determine the production specifications of the target aluminum alloy ingot, select a crystallization ring assembly 1 and a guide ingot of the same specifications according to the production specifications of the target aluminum alloy ingot, and drive the large face frame 2 and the small face water tank 3 respectively through the large face frame 2 driving mechanism and the small face water tank driving mechanism 4 according to the specifications of the crystallization ring assembly 1, so that the space formed by the large face frame 2 and the small face water tank 3 is used to accommodate the crystallization ring assembly 1, and install the crystallization ring assembly 1 between the first large face frame 2 and the second large face frame 2; Step 2: Pour the molten metal into the crystallization ring 8 to cast the aluminum alloy ingot, and spray water to the outer wall of the crystallization ring 8 through the first water outlet to cool it. Step 3: Start casting, and after the aluminum alloy ingot is completely solidified, take out the ingot with a crane. Process 4: When producing the next batch of aluminum alloy ingots of different specifications, the hook is lifted by a crane, and the crystallization ring assembly 1 of the same specification as the aluminum alloy ingot is directly replaced in the manner of process 1.

[0076] In this specification, a lot of specific details are described. However, it is understood that embodiments of the present invention can be put into practice without these specific details. In some examples, known methods, systems and techniques are not shown in detail, so as not to obscure the understanding of this specification. In the description of this specification, the description of reference terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, methods, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of this specification.

[0077] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.

Claims

1. Aluminum alloy flat ingot crystallizer with adjustable width and thickness, characterized in that: It includes a large surface frame, a crystallization ring assembly, a plurality of small surface water tanks, a large surface frame driving mechanism and a small surface water tank driving mechanism; wherein the large surface frame includes a first large surface frame and a second large surface frame; The small face water tank is located between the first large face frame and the second large face frame, and the space surrounded by the first large face frame, the second large face frame and the two small face water tanks is used to install the crystallization ring assembly; wherein the crystallization ring assembly is detachably connected to the first large face frame and the second large face frame, and there is a water spraying distance between them; the space surrounded by the crystallization ring assembly is used to accommodate aluminum alloy melt and cast ingots; The large surface frame driving mechanism is connected to the first large surface frame and the second large surface frame respectively, and is used to drive the first large surface frame and the second large surface frame to move closer or farther away from each other, so as to adjust the thickness of the ingot; The first large surface frame and the second large surface frame are respectively provided with a first chute and a second chute, the first chute and the second chute are respectively slidably connected with a small surface water tank driving mechanism, a small surface water tank is installed on the small surface water tank driving mechanism, and the small surface water tank driving mechanism is used to adjust the width of the ingot; The interior of the large-face frame is a hollow structure and is connected to a first water inlet pipe; a first water outlet hole is opened on the inner wall of the large-face frame close to the crystallization ring assembly; a second water outlet hole is opened on the inner wall of the small-face water tank close to the crystallization ring assembly; the first water outlet hole and the second water outlet hole are used for all-round direct cooling of the outer wall of the crystallization ring assembly and the outer surface of the aluminum alloy ingot that is not adjacent to the inner wall of the crystallization ring assembly.

2. The aluminum alloy slab crystallizer with adjustable width and thickness according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first two ends of the first large surface frame are respectively fixedly installed with first fixing blocks, and the second two ends of the second large surface frame are respectively fixedly installed with second fixing blocks; The large face frame driving mechanism includes a first bidirectional threaded screw and a first motor; one end of the first bidirectional threaded screw is threadedly connected to the first fixed block, and the other end is threadedly connected to the second fixed block. The first motor is fixedly installed at both ends of the first large face frame, the first motor is close to the first fixed block, and the first motor is connected to the bidirectional threaded rod. By rotating the first bidirectional threaded screw, the first large face frame and the second large face frame are relatively close to or away from each other in horizontal movement.

3. The aluminum alloy slab crystallizer with adjustable width and thickness according to claim 1, characterized in that: The small face water tank driving mechanism includes two small face water tank driving units which are respectively arranged at the two ends of the large face frame; each small face water tank driving unit includes a second motor, a plurality of second bidirectional threaded screws, a first slider and a second slider; the first large face frame and the second large face frame are respectively provided with a first slide groove and a second slide groove, and the first slide groove and the second slide groove are respectively slidably connected with the first slider and the second slider; a third threaded through hole is provided on the first slider, and a fourth threaded through hole is provided on the second slider; one end of the second bidirectional threaded screw is threadedly connected to the third threaded through hole, and the other end is threadedly connected to the fourth threaded through hole; the second motor is fixedly installed on the first slider, and the second motor extends out of the surface of the first large face frame; a tooth is fixedly installed on the outer side surface of the first large face frame, and the tooth is facing away from the crystallization ring assembly; the second motor is connected to the tooth; by running the second motor, the first slider and the second slider are driven to move horizontally, so that the first small face water tank and the second small face water tank move horizontally relatively close to or away from each other.

4. The aluminum alloy slab crystallizer with adjustable width and thickness according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crystallization ring assembly includes a crystallization ring, an oil pressure cover, a lifting ring and a connecting plate; the upper surface of the crystallization ring is provided with a lubricating oil groove and densely arranged oil drain holes; the oil pressure cover is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the separation ring, and the connecting plate is riveted to the crystallization ring and the oil pressure cover respectively; The lifting ring is fixedly installed on the crystallization ring and is used to directly install and replace the entire crystallization ring assembly.

5. The aluminum alloy slab crystallizer with adjustable width and thickness according to claim 4, characterized in that: The crystallization ring is a closed hollow structure, and the crystallization ring is a closed hollow structure, wherein the hollow structure is the casting space of the aluminum alloy ingot; The horizontal cross-sectional shape is determined according to the shrinkage coefficient of the aluminum alloy ingot to be processed, the cross-sectional surface of the ingots of different sizes of copper alloy materials, and the cooling and stress state of the ingots; The crystal ring is cone-shaped, and its inner side profile is inclined inwardly with a taper of 1.2° and chamfers are provided on the outer sides close to the large-surface frame and the small-surface water tank.

6. The aluminum alloy slab crystallizer with adjustable width and thickness according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water baffle is provided inside the large-surface frame to separate the water tank into upper and lower cooling water spaces; according to the difference in cooling water spaces, the first water outlet includes an upper water hole and a lower water hole, the water spraying direction of the upper water hole is toward the outer wall of the crystallization ring assembly, and the water spraying direction of the lower water hole is toward the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot; The upper water holes are evenly arranged, each of which has a diameter of 6 mm, and the interval between two adjacent upper water holes is 16 mm, and they are inclined to the inner wall of the large surface frame; the lower water holes are a double drainage structure, including an upper row and a lower row, which are used to spray water to cool the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot, and the diameter of each water hole in the upper row is 3 mm, and it is inclined to the inner wall of the large surface frame; the diameter of each water hole in the lower row is 4 mm, and it is inclined to the inner wall of the large surface frame; wherein the upper and lower rows of water holes are staggered and evenly distributed along the axial direction of the large surface frame.

7. The aluminum alloy slab crystallizer with adjustable width and thickness according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lower water hole is a double drainage structure, including an upper row and a lower row. The lower water holes in the upper row include, from left to right, the first left sub-water outlet hole, the first middle sub-water outlet hole and the first right sub-water outlet hole; the distance between the two farthest first left sub-water outlet holes is 400 mm, the distance between the two farthest first middle sub-water outlet holes is 1800 mm, and the distance between the two farthest first right sub-water outlet holes is 400 mm; The aperture of the first middle sub-water outlet hole is 3.6㎜, the spacing between two adjacent first middle sub-water outlet holes is 8mm, and they are inclined to the inner wall of the large surface frame; the first middle sub-water outlet hole is used to centrally cool the middle part of the crystallizer assembly, and the middle part of the crystallizer assembly corresponds to the middle part of the aluminum alloy ingot; the apertures of the first left sub-water outlet hole and the first right sub-water outlet hole are both 3.2㎜, and they are both inclined to the inner wall of the large surface frame, and the spacing between two adjacent first left sub-water outlet holes and two adjacent first right sub-water outlet holes is 12mm; the first left sub-water outlet hole and the first right sub-water outlet hole are used to centrally cool the two side corners of the crystallizer assembly, and the two side corners of the crystallizer assembly correspond to the two side edges of the rolling surface of the aluminum alloy ingot.

8. The aluminum alloy slab crystallizer with adjustable width and thickness according to claim 3, characterized in that: It includes a connecting block and bolts. The connecting block is fixedly connected to the second bidirectional threaded screw rod, and the small water tank is connected to the connecting block by bolts.

9. The aluminum alloy slab crystallizer with adjustable width and thickness according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the length of the small water tank is 400mm, aluminum alloy ingots with a thickness of 400-550mm can be produced; When the length of the water tank on the small surface of the crystallizer is 500mm, aluminum alloy ingots with a thickness of 500-650mm can be produced; When the length of the small surface water tank of the crystallizer is 800mm, aluminum alloy ingots with a thickness of 800 to 950mm can be produced.

10. A method for preparing a flat ingot, characterized in that: The invention is used for preparing a slab using the aluminum alloy slab crystallizer with adjustable width and thickness as described in claims 1 to 9, comprising: Step 1: Determine the production specifications of the target aluminum alloy ingot, select a crystallization ring assembly of the same specifications according to the production specifications of the target aluminum alloy ingot, and drive the large surface frame and the small surface water tank respectively through the large surface frame driving mechanism and the small surface water tank driving mechanism according to the specifications of the crystallization ring assembly, so that the space formed by the large surface frame and the small surface water tank is used to accommodate the crystallization ring assembly; and install the crystallization ring assembly between the first large surface frame and the second large surface frame; Step 2: pouring the molten metal into the crystallization ring to cast an aluminum alloy ingot, and spraying water to the outer wall of the crystallization ring through the first water outlet and the second water outlet to cool it; Process 3: After the aluminum alloy ingot is completely solidified, the ingot is taken out by crane; Process 4: When producing the next batch of aluminum alloy ingots of different specifications, the hook is lifted by a crane to directly replace the crystallization ring assembly with the same specifications corresponding to the aluminum alloy ingot.

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