Compact type tool changing driving mechanism and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, in particular to a compact type tool changing driving mechanism and a using method thereof.The mechanism comprises a fixing sleeve, a positioning groove is formed in the inner wall, and a push block capable of entering and moving out of the positioning groove is further arranged; the power shaft rotates in the fixing sleeve; one end of the power shaft is provided with a screw; the other end is sleeved with a transmission disc; a first gear ring is arranged on the end face of the transmission disc; the motor is used for driving the power shaft to rotate; the transmission sleeve rotates in the fixed sleeve; positioning sliders are arranged on the side surfaces of the transmission sleeves; the transmission sleeve is provided with a meshing disc moving along the axis. The end face of the meshing disc is provided with a second gear ring. The transmission sleeve is further provided with a transmission structure used for linkage of the positioning sliding block and the meshing disc. The sliding sleeve slides in the transmission sleeve along the axis and rotates synchronously with the transmission sleeve; one end of the sliding sleeve is sleeved on the screw rod; the other end of the sliding sleeve extends out of the fixed sleeve all the time and is used for installing a tool changing arm. The problem that an existing tool changing mechanism is too large in size can be effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of numerically controlled machine tools, and in particular to a compact tool changing drive mechanism and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The tool changer is an important part of CNC machine tools. It works closely with the CNC system to realize the automatic replacement of the machining tools in the machine tool spindle and tool magazine, thereby ensuring the continuous processing of different processes. Through the tool changer, CNC machine tools can automatically select and replace the required tools, reduce manual intervention and downtime, and greatly improve processing efficiency and accuracy.

[0003] The tool changing mechanism usually has a tool changing arm with two tool claws installed. Its tool changing function requires the tool changing arm to be able to move and rotate. Therefore, in the traditional tool changing mechanism, more driving sources are usually required to achieve this. In the prior art, the tool changing arm is usually driven by a motor to rotate, and the movement of the tool changing arm is controlled by a pneumatic or hydraulic push rod. Under the above structure, the pneumatic and hydraulic structure requires a complete set of external air source and hydraulic system, and also needs to leave space for the push rod to move. At the same time, the position of the tool claws also needs to be monitored by monitoring equipment, resulting in a large overall size of the tool changing mechanism. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a compact tool-changing drive mechanism and a method for using the same, which can effectively solve the problem that the existing tool-changing mechanisms in the background technology are too large in size and occupy too much space.

[0005] The present invention provides a compact tool changing drive mechanism, comprising: The fixing sleeve is independently fixed; the inner wall of the fixing sleeve is provided with a positioning groove extending in the axial direction; the fixing sleeve is also provided with a push block capable of entering and moving out of the positioning groove; The power shaft is rotatably arranged in the fixed sleeve; a screw rod is arranged at one end of the power shaft; a fixed transmission disc is sleeved at the other end; a first gear ring is arranged on the end surface of the transmission disc facing the screw rod; A motor, used for driving the power shaft to rotate; The transmission sleeve is rotatably arranged in the fixed sleeve; a positioning slider which moves radially is arranged on the side of the transmission sleeve; an engaging disk which moves along the axis is arranged on one end of the transmission sleeve facing the transmission disk, and a second gear ring is arranged on the end surface of the engaging disk facing the first gear ring; the transmission sleeve is also provided with a transmission structure for linkage between the positioning slider and the engaging disk, so that when the positioning slider moves outward, the engaging disk moves away from the transmission disk, and when the positioning slider moves inward, the engaging disk moves close to the transmission disk; The sliding sleeve slides along the axis in the transmission sleeve and rotates synchronously with the transmission sleeve; one end of the sliding sleeve is sleeved on the screw rod; the other end of the sliding sleeve always extends out of the fixed sleeve for installing the tool changing arm.

[0006] Furthermore, the fixed sleeve also includes a rotating transposition sleeve, which is arranged on the outside of the fixed sleeve; the push block is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the rotating transposition sleeve; a gear or worm gear is arranged on the outside of the rotating transposition sleeve; and the push block is provided with an inclined surface.

[0007] Furthermore, a surface of the push block facing the transmission sleeve is arranged as a curved surface, and a radius of the curved surface is equal to a radius of an inner wall of the fixing sleeve.

[0008] Furthermore, the transmission structure includes: A first oil passage is provided at one end of the transmission sleeve close to the engagement disc; a first piston, moving in a first oil passage; A second oil passage is arranged on the outer side of the transmission sleeve; A second piston is fixedly connected to the positioning slide block and moves in the second oil passage; A connecting oil passage, connecting the first oil passage and the second oil passage; A spring rod, one end of which passes through the transmission sleeve and is fixedly connected to the engagement disc, and the other end of which is provided with a chuck; A first spring is sleeved on the spring rod and arranged between the chuck and the transmission sleeve; The second spring is arranged between the transmission sleeve and the positioning slide block.

[0009] Furthermore, the transmission structure also includes: an oil filling channel, which is arranged on the outer side of the transmission sleeve and is connected to the connecting oil channel; and a sealing plug, which is used to block the oil filling channel.

[0010] Furthermore, a slide groove is arranged at the end of the positioning slide block; a limit screw is also arranged on the transmission sleeve, the limit screw is screwed on the transmission sleeve, and the bottom of the limit screw extends into the slide groove.

[0011] Furthermore, two of each of the second oil passage, the second piston, the second spring, the slide groove and the limit screw are provided, and are respectively provided at two ends of the positioning slide block.

[0012] Furthermore, a guide groove extending along the axis is arranged on the inner wall of the transmission sleeve; a guide key extending into the guide groove is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the sliding sleeve; an oil plug is fixedly arranged on one end of the transmission sleeve close to the tool changing arm for sealing the end face of the guide groove.

[0013] Furthermore, a surface of the positioning slider away from the transmission sleeve is configured as a curved surface structure.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for using a compact tool-changing drive mechanism, which is used for the compact tool-changing drive mechanism as described above, comprising: The tool changing arm moving steps: the push block moves out of the positioning groove, so that the positioning slider of the transmission sleeve can extend into the positioning groove, thereby limiting the rotation of the transmission sleeve; and driven by the transmission structure, the meshing plate will move away from the transmission plate, so that the first gear ring and the second gear ring are separated, and at this time, the rotation of the power shaft can only be driven by the lead screw to drive the sliding sleeve to slide; The steps for rotating the tool changing arm are as follows: the push block enters the positioning groove, and the positioning slider of the transmission sleeve is pushed out of the positioning groove. Driven by the transmission structure, the meshing plate will be close to the transmission plate, so that the first gear ring and the second gear ring are meshed. At this time, the power shaft and the transmission sleeve will start to rotate synchronously; after the positioning slider is offset from the positioning groove, the push block is immediately moved out of the positioning groove. At this time, after the transmission sleeve rotates a specific angle to realign the positioning slider with the positioning groove, the positioning slider will enter the positioning groove, and the first gear ring and the second gear ring will be separated, so as to limit the rotation of the transmission sleeve again and complete the rotation and transposition of the tool changing arm.

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention can achieve the following technical effects: The tool change drive mechanism enables the tool change arm to move and rotate through one motor, and through the physical cooperation between the positioning slider and the positioning slot, it can not only ensure the accuracy of positioning, but also eliminate the traditional numerous monitoring systems, so that the structural volume of the mechanism can be greatly reduced. In addition, the vibration impact of the mechanism during the movement process can also be reduced, and when the tool change arm moves to any position, the tool change arm can be rotated and transposed, thereby greatly improving the use scenario of the mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a compact tool changing drive mechanism in the present invention; Figure 2 Another view of the schematic structural diagram of the compact tool-changing drive mechanism of the present invention (the fixing sleeve is hidden); Figure 3 This is a structural breakdown diagram of the compact tool-changing drive mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a front view of the compact tool changing drive mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A sectional view of the Figure 6It is a side view of the compact tool changing drive mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Sectional view at point B (tool changing arm moving state); Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 6 Sectional view at point B (tool changing arm rotating state); Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the fixing sleeve in the present invention; Fig.10 It is a cross-sectional view of the transmission sleeve in the present invention (the tool changing arm is in moving state); Fig.11 It is a cross-sectional view of the transmission sleeve in the present invention (the tool changing arm is in a rotating state); 1. The locating groove; 1b. The push block; 1c. The rotating displacement sleeve; 2. The power shaft; 2a. The screw rod; 2b. The transmission plate; 3. The transmission sleeve; 3a. The positioning slider; 3b. The meshing plate; 3c. The first oil channel; 3d. The first piston; 3e. The second oil channel; 3f. The second piston; 3g. The connecting oil channel; 3h. The spring rod; 3i. The first spring; 3j. The second spring; 3k. The oil refueling channel; 3l. The sealing plug; 3m. The oil plug; 4. The sliding sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by “center”, “up”, “down”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “inside” and “outside”, etc., are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0021] The present invention relates to a compact tool change drive mechanism, such as Figures 1 to 11As shown, it includes a fixed sleeve 1, a power shaft 2, a motor, a transmission sleeve 3 and a sliding sleeve 4. The specific structure of each component is as follows: The fixed sleeve 1 is independently fixed and usually fixedly mounted on a mobile platform, and the tool change drive mechanism as a whole can move in the machine tool through the driving of the mobile platform. A positioning groove 1a extending along the axial direction of the fixed sleeve 1 is provided on the inner wall of the fixed sleeve 1; the fixed sleeve 1 is also provided with a push block 1b capable of entering and moving out of the positioning groove 1a, and the push block 1b enters the positioning groove 1a from the side of the positioning groove 1a toward the outside of the fixed sleeve 1.

[0022] The power shaft 2 is arranged in the fixed sleeve 1 and rotates along its own axis. A screw rod 2a is arranged at one end of the power shaft 2; a transmission disc 2b fixed relatively to the power shaft 2 is sleeved at the other end; and a first gear ring is arranged on the end surface of the transmission disc 2b facing the screw rod 2a.

[0023] The motor is fixed on the fixed sleeve 1 and drives the power shaft 2 to rotate through gear transmission, belt transmission or chain transmission.

[0024] The transmission sleeve 3 is arranged in the fixed sleeve 1, and the transmission sleeve 3 rotates along its own axis. A positioning slider 3a is arranged on the side of the transmission sleeve 3 to move along the radial direction of the transmission sleeve 3; an engaging disk 3b is arranged to move along the axis of the transmission sleeve 3 at one end of the transmission sleeve 3 facing the transmission disk 2b, and a second gear ring is arranged on the end face of the engaging disk 3b facing the first gear ring. The transmission sleeve 3 is also provided with a transmission structure for the linkage of the positioning slider 3a and the engaging disk 3b, so that when the positioning slider 3a moves outward (i.e. away from the axis of the transmission sleeve 3), the engaging disk 3b moves away from the transmission disk 2b, and when the positioning slider 3a moves inward (i.e. close to the axis of the transmission sleeve 3), the engaging disk 3b moves close to the transmission disk 2b.

[0025] The sliding sleeve 4 slides along the axis in the transmission sleeve 3 and rotates synchronously with the transmission sleeve 3. One end of the sliding sleeve 4 is sleeved on the screw rod 2a and meshes with the screw rod 2a to form a screw rod slider structure. The other end of the sliding sleeve 4 always extends out of the fixed sleeve 1, and the extended end is used to install the tool change arm.

[0026] The working principle of this compact tool change drive mechanism can be understood in conjunction with its corresponding usage method. The usage method of the compact tool change drive mechanism is as follows: Tool changing arm moving step: This step is the extension and retraction of the tool changing arm. The position of the tool claw on the tool changing arm needs to be kept accurate to ensure that the tool claw can smoothly clamp the tool. Therefore, the sliding sleeve 4 can only extend and retract but cannot rotate. Figure 7 and Fig.10As shown, the push block 1b moves out of the positioning groove 1a, so that the positioning slider 3a of the transmission sleeve 3 can extend into the positioning groove 1a, thereby limiting the rotation of the transmission sleeve 3, and then limiting the rotation of the sliding sleeve 4; and driven by the transmission structure, the engaging plate 3b will move away from the transmission plate 2b, so that the first gear ring and the second gear ring are separated. At this time, after the motor drives the power shaft 2 to rotate, the sliding sleeve 4 can only be driven to slide through the screw rod 2a to realize the movement of the tool changing arm.

[0027] Tool changing arm rotation step: This step is the action of the tool changing arm rotating to swap the positions of the two tool claws. It is necessary to maintain that the sliding sleeve 4 can only rotate but cannot produce the extension and retraction movement. Figure 8 and Fig.11 As shown, the push block 1b enters the positioning groove 1a, pushes the positioning slider 3a of the transmission sleeve 3 out of the positioning groove 1a, and driven by the transmission structure, the meshing plate 3b will approach the transmission plate 2b, so that the first gear ring and the second gear ring are meshed, and the power shaft 2 will drive the transmission sleeve 3 to rotate synchronously through the transmission plate 2b, and then drive the sliding sleeve 4 to rotate. In this case, since the power shaft 2 and the sliding sleeve 4 are in a state of synchronous rotation, the screw rod 2a will not drive the sliding sleeve 4 to move.

[0028] After the positioning slider 3a is offset from the positioning groove 1a, the push block 1b is immediately moved out of the positioning groove 1a. At this time, after the transmission sleeve 3 is rotated by a specific angle to realign the positioning slider 3a with the positioning groove 1a, the positioning slider 3a will enter the positioning groove 1a, and the first gear ring and the second gear ring will separate, thus restricting the rotation of the transmission sleeve 3 again and completing the rotation and transposition of the tool changing arm.

[0029] It can be seen that the tool change drive mechanism can achieve the two actions of moving and rotating the tool change arm through the above structure by one motor, so its main structure can be greatly reduced, and it is not necessary to set two sets of power structures for moving and rotating like the traditional drive mechanism. At the same time, the tool change drive mechanism can not only ensure the accuracy of positioning, but also eliminate the traditional numerous monitoring systems in the rotation positioning of the tool change arm through the physical cooperation between the positioning slider 3a and the positioning groove 1a, so that the mechanism can be further reduced.

[0030] In addition, due to the structural characteristics of the starting and hydraulic driving devices, the traditional tool change drive machine not only generates a large impact during the movement of the tool change arm, but also can only stop the tool change arm at two extreme positions. However, the present mechanism drives the sliding sleeve 4 through the screw rod 2a, which not only reduces the vibration impact during the movement, but also when the sliding sleeve 4 drives the tool change arm to move to any position, the tool change arm can be rotated and replaced by the method in the tool change arm rotation step, thereby greatly improving the usable scenarios of the present mechanism.

[0031] The action of the push block 1b can be achieved by existing technologies such as electromagnetic pushers, and in order to minimize the structure of the driving push block 1b, it is preferred to use Fig. 9 The structure shown is as follows: the fixed sleeve 1 also includes a rotating transposition sleeve 1c, which is sleeved on the outside of the fixed sleeve 1 so that it can rotate on the fixed sleeve 1; the push block 1b is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the rotating transposition sleeve 1c, and a rotating groove that passes through the inside and outside of the fixed sleeve 1 is provided on the outside of the fixed sleeve 1, and the push block 1b will change its position in the rotating groove as the rotating transposition sleeve 1c rotates; a gear or worm gear is provided on the outside of the rotating transposition sleeve 1c, and at this time, a small motor can be used to drive the rotation of the rotating transposition sleeve 1c; an inclined surface is provided on the push block 1b, and the inclined surface can better push the positioning slider 3a.

[0032] Preferably, the side of the push block 1b facing the transmission sleeve 3 is set as a curved surface, and the radius of the curved surface is equal to the radius of the inner wall of the fixed sleeve 1, so that when the transmission sleeve 3 rotates, the positioning slider 3a can smoothly offset from the positioning groove 1a along the curved surface of the push block 1b without being stuck.

[0033] The transmission structure in the transmission sleeve 3 can be realized by a purely mechanical connection form such as a connecting rod, but the connecting rod is difficult to manufacture and wears quickly. Therefore, a better transmission structure form using hydraulic oil is proposed in this mechanism, such as Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, including: A first oil passage 3c is provided at one end of the transmission sleeve 3 close to the meshing plate 3b, and one end of the first oil passage 3c is communicated with the end surface of the transmission sleeve 3; The first piston 3d moves in the first oil passage 3c, and one end of the first piston 3d extends outwards, and is pushed by the extension; The second oil passage 3e is arranged on the outer side of the transmission sleeve 3, and one end of the second oil passage 3e is connected to the side of the transmission sleeve 3; The second piston 3f is fixedly connected to the positioning slider 3a and moves in the second oil passage 3e; The connecting oil passage 3g is connected to the first oil passage 3c and the second oil passage 3e; A spring rod 3h, one end of which passes through the transmission sleeve 3 and is fixedly connected to the engagement disc 3b, and the other end of which is provided with a chuck; The first spring 3i is sleeved on the spring rod 3h and arranged between the chuck and the transmission sleeve 3; The second spring 3j is arranged between the transmission sleeve 3 and the positioning slider 3a.

[0034] The operating principle of this transmission structure is as follows: When the push block 1b pushes the positioning slider 3a to move inward, the second spring 3j will be squeezed, and the second piston 3f will move inward, squeezing out the hydraulic oil in the second oil channel 3e. The squeezed hydraulic oil will enter the first oil channel 3c along the connecting oil channel 3g, thereby pushing the first piston 3d. The first piston 3d will move outward and push the meshing plate 3b toward the transmission plate 2b. The first spring 3i will be compressed, and finally the first gear ring and the second gear ring will be meshed. During the rotation of the transmission sleeve 3, the inner wall of the fixed sleeve 1 will always press the positioning slider 3a, so that the positioning slider 3a is always in a state of stopping at the innermost side, so that the first gear ring and the second gear ring remain meshed.

[0035] When the push block 1b moves out of the positioning groove 1a and the transmission sleeve 3 rotates until the positioning slider 3a is aligned with the positioning groove 1a, the positioning slider 3a will be pushed into the positioning groove 1a by the compressed second spring 3j. At this time, the oil will return from the first oil channel 3c to the second oil channel 3e, and the compressed first spring 3i will also push the meshing plate 3b to move away from the transmission plate 2b, thereby realizing the separation of the first gear ring and the second gear ring.

[0036] Preferably, the transmission structure further includes: an oil filling passage 3k, which is arranged on the outer side of the transmission sleeve 3 and communicates with the connecting oil passage 3g; and a sealing plug 31, which is used to block the oil filling passage 3k. With this structure, the optimal amount of hydraulic oil can be accurately injected into the transmission structure to avoid excessive pressure caused by too much oil or failure of linkage caused by too little oil. The specific steps for installation are as follows: After installing all parts except the motor and the sealing plug 3l, push the positioning slider 3a to the innermost side, then rotate the transmission sleeve 3 at an angle to stagger the positioning slider 3a and the positioning groove 1a and maintain them, then manually pull the engaging plate 3b to make the first gear ring and the second gear ring mesh and maintain them, then fill oil through the refueling oil channel 3k, stop refueling when you see oil overflowing from the refueling oil channel 3k, and then install the sealing plug 3l; finally, rotate the transmission sleeve 3 back to the angle where the positioning slider 3a and the positioning groove 1a are aligned, and then install the motor to complete the installation.

[0037] Preferably, a slide groove is provided at the end of the positioning slider 3a, and a limit screw is provided on the transmission sleeve 3. The limit screw is screwed on the transmission sleeve 3, and the bottom of the limit screw extends into the slide groove. The sliding distance of the positioning slider 3a is controlled by the limit screw to prevent the positioning slider 3a from falling. When the positioning slider 3a is controlled to slide to the outermost side, only half of the positioning slider 3a extends into the positioning groove 1a, so that when the transmission sleeve 3 is restricted, it can transmit force through the side of the positioning slider 3a, thereby ensuring the limiting effect and protecting the second piston 3f from being skewed.

[0038] In order to ensure that the positioning slider 3a can move more smoothly, two of the second oil channel 3e, the second piston 3f, the second spring 3j, the slide groove and the limit screw are respectively provided at both ends of the positioning slider 3a.

[0039] The sliding sleeve 4 slides along the axis in the transmission sleeve 3 and rotates synchronously with the transmission sleeve 3 through the following structure: a guide groove extending along the axis is set on the inner wall of the transmission sleeve 3; a guide key extending into the guide groove is fixedly set on the outer side of the sliding sleeve 4; an oil plug 3m is fixedly set at one end of the transmission sleeve 3 close to the tool change arm to block the end face of the guide groove. This structure can make the sliding sleeve 4 more convenient to install, and under this structure, the length of the guide key can be set relatively long, thereby improving the stability of the movement of the sliding sleeve 4.

[0040] Since the side of the positioning slider 3a away from the transmission sleeve 3 will generate friction with the inner wall of the fixed sleeve 1, this side can be set to a curved surface structure to reduce friction and increase the service life of the components.

[0041] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A compact tool change drive mechanism, characterized in that: include: A fixed sleeve (1) is independently fixed; a positioning groove (1a) extending in the axial direction is provided on the inner wall of the fixed sleeve (1); and a push block (1b) capable of entering and moving out of the positioning groove (1a) is also provided on the fixed sleeve (1); A power shaft (2) is rotatably arranged in the fixed sleeve (1); a screw rod (2a) is arranged at one end of the power shaft (2); a fixed transmission disc (2b) is sleeved at the other end; a first gear ring is arranged on the end surface of the transmission disc (2b) facing the screw rod (2a); A motor, used for driving the power shaft (2) to rotate; A transmission sleeve (3) is rotatably arranged in the fixed sleeve (1); a positioning slider (3a) movable in the radial direction is arranged on the side of the transmission sleeve (3); an engaging disk (3b) movable along the axis is arranged at one end of the transmission sleeve (3) facing the transmission disk (2b), and a second toothed ring is arranged on the end surface of the engaging disk (3b) facing the first toothed ring; the transmission sleeve (3) is also provided with a transmission structure for linkage between the positioning slider (3a) and the engaging disk (3b), so that when the positioning slider (3a) moves outward, the engaging disk (3b) moves away from the transmission disk (2b), and when the positioning slider (3a) moves inward, the engaging disk (3b) moves close to the transmission disk (2b); A sliding sleeve (4) slides along the axis in the transmission sleeve (3) and rotates synchronously with the transmission sleeve (3); one end of the sliding sleeve (4) is sleeved on the screw rod (2a); the other end of the sliding sleeve (4) always extends out of the fixed sleeve (1) and is used for installing the tool changing arm.

2. The compact tool change drive mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed sleeve (1) further comprises a rotational transposition sleeve (1c), wherein the rotational transposition sleeve (1c) is sleeved on the outside of the fixed sleeve (1); the push block (1b) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the rotational transposition sleeve (1c); a gear or a worm gear is arranged on the outside of the rotational transposition sleeve (1c); and the push block (1b) is provided with an inclined surface.

3. The compact tool change drive mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: A surface of the push block (1b) facing the transmission sleeve (3) is arranged as a curved surface, and the radius of the curved surface is equal to the radius of the inner wall of the fixed sleeve (1).

4. The compact tool change drive mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission structure comprises: A first oil passage (3c) is arranged at one end of the transmission sleeve (3) close to the engagement disc (3b); A first piston (3d) moves in the first oil passage (3c); A second oil passage (3e) is arranged on the outer side of the transmission sleeve (3); A second piston (3f) is fixedly connected to the positioning slider (3a) and moves in the second oil passage (3e); A connecting oil passage (3g) connecting the first oil passage (3c) and the second oil passage (3e); A spring rod (3h), one end of which passes through the transmission sleeve (3) and is fixedly connected to the engagement disk (3b), and the other end of which is provided with a chuck; A first spring (3i), sleeved on the spring rod (3h) and arranged between the chuck and the transmission sleeve (3); The second spring (3j) is arranged between the transmission sleeve (3) and the positioning slide block (3a).

5. The compact tool change drive mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transmission structure further comprises: an oil filling passage (3k), which is arranged on the outer side of the transmission sleeve (3) and is in communication with the connecting oil passage (3g); The sealing plug (31) is used to block the oil filling passage (3k).

6. The compact tool change drive mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: A sliding groove is arranged at the end of the positioning sliding block (3a); a limiting screw is also arranged on the transmission sleeve (3), the limiting screw is screwed on the transmission sleeve (3), and the bottom of the limiting screw extends into the sliding groove.

7. The compact tool change drive mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second oil passage (3e), the second piston (3f), the second spring (3j), the slide groove and the limit screw are each provided in pairs and are respectively provided at two ends of the positioning slide block (3a).

8. The compact tool change drive mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the transmission sleeve (3) is provided with a guide groove extending along the axis; the outer side surface of the sliding sleeve (4) is fixedly provided with a guide key extending into the guide groove; and an oil plug (3m) is fixedly provided at one end of the transmission sleeve (3) close to the tool changing arm for sealing the end surface of the guide groove.

9. The compact tool change drive mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A side of the positioning slide block (3a) away from the transmission sleeve (3) is arranged as a curved surface structure.

10. A method for using a compact tool change drive mechanism, characterized in that: A compact tool change drive mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: The tool changing arm moving steps are as follows: the push block (1b) moves out of the positioning groove (1a), so that the positioning slide block (3a) of the transmission sleeve (3) can extend into the positioning groove (1a), thereby limiting the rotation of the transmission sleeve (3); and driven by the transmission structure, the meshing disc (3b) will move away from the transmission disc (2b), so that the first gear ring and the second gear ring are separated, and at this time, the rotation of the power shaft (2) can only be driven by the screw rod (2a) to drive the sliding sleeve (4) to slide; The tool changing arm rotation steps are as follows: the push block (1b) enters the positioning groove (1a), pushes the positioning slider (3a) of the transmission sleeve (3) out of the positioning groove (1a), and driven by the transmission structure, the meshing plate (3b) approaches the transmission plate (2b), so that the first gear ring and the second gear ring are meshed, and at this time the power shaft (2) and the transmission sleeve (3) start to rotate synchronously; after the positioning slider (3a) and the positioning groove (1a) are offset, the push block (1b) is immediately moved out of the positioning groove (1a), and at this time the transmission sleeve (3) rotates a specific angle, so that the positioning slider (3a) and the positioning groove (1a) are realigned, the positioning slider (3a) enters the positioning groove (1a), and the first gear ring and the second gear ring are separated, so that the rotation of the transmission sleeve (3) is restricted again, and the rotation and displacement of the tool changing arm are completed.

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