Molding and assembling die and manufacturing method of composite aileron

Abstract

The invention discloses a forming assembly mold and a manufacturing method of a composite material aileron, and belongs to the technical field of composite material manufacturing. In order to solve the problems of product deformation and high tool cost in small-size composite material aileron forming and assembling, compression molding, autoclave forming and clamping plate type combined assembling technologies are mainly adopted. By additionally arranging the front edge wing-shaped clamping plate and the rear edge wing-shaped clamping plate, the aileron product can be effectively prevented from deforming in the assembling process, meanwhile, the same die is used as a forming die and an assembling tool, and the manufacturing cost and the number of the assembling tools are reduced. Accurate forming and efficient assembly of small-size ailerons of multiple parts can be achieved, the mold cost and the tool detection time are saved, the product quality is improved, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of composite material manufacturing, and in particular relates to a forming and assembling die and a forming method for a composite material aileron. Background Art

[0002] Composite parts are widely used in the aerospace field due to their high strength, high modulus, high temperature resistance and fatigue resistance. Composite ailerons are important composite parts. Composite ailerons are generally manufactured by molding multiple parts separately and then assembling them in combined tooling. The demand for molds is large, resulting in high production costs. How to reduce the manufacturing cost of composite ailerons is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a forming and assembly die and a manufacturing method for a composite material aileron, by which the forming and assembly of the composite material aileron are integrated, which can significantly reduce the manufacturing cost of the composite material aileron.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A composite material aileron forming and assembly die, comprising an upper skin forming bottom die, a lower wing surface forming clamping plate, a leading edge airfoil clamping plate, a trailing edge airfoil clamping plate and a positioning pin;

[0006] The upper skin forming bottom mold is used to form and support the upper skin of the aileron, and is used to assemble the beams and ribs of the aileron on the upper skin;

[0007] The lower wing surface forming card plate is used to position the spars, ribs and lower skin of the aileron;

[0008] The leading edge airfoil clip and the trailing edge airfoil clip are used to position the leading and trailing edges of the lower skin of the aileron;

[0009] Dowel pins are used to locate the aileron's beam and suspension joints.

[0010] Furthermore, there are multiple lower wing surface forming clamps, and two lower wing surface forming clamps located at both ends fix the front and rear positions of the upper skin; each lower wing surface forming clamp locates a rib.

[0011] Furthermore, each lower wing surface forming clamping plate is fixed to the upper skin forming bottom mold by cooperating with screws through screw holes at both ends.

[0012] Furthermore, each lower airfoil forming card plate includes two stoppers, which are used to limit the position of the ribs.

[0013] Furthermore, a gap for placing the lower skin is reserved between each lower wing surface forming card plate and the rib, and is filled and fixed with a rubber sheet before the lower skin is placed.

[0014] A method for manufacturing a composite aileron, using the above-mentioned forming and assembling mold to manufacture the composite aileron, comprises the following steps:

[0015] 1) The beam is obtained by compression molding or autoclave molding;

[0016] 2) The ribs are obtained by hot-pressing or vacuum forming in an oven;

[0017] 3) The upper skin and the lower skin are obtained by hot-pressing or vacuum forming in an oven, wherein the upper skin is formed separately on the upper skin forming bottom mold;

[0018] 4) Assemble beams and suspension joints on the upper skin and riveted to form beam assemblies;

[0019] 5) Use the upper skin forming bottom mold to support the upper skin, and position the upper skin through the lower wing surface forming pallet;

[0020] 6) Assemble beams and ribs on the upper skin, position the beams and suspension joints by positioning pins, position the ribs by using the lower wing surface forming card plate, and bond the beams and ribs by normal temperature glue to form an upper skin-frame assembly;

[0021] 7) Assemble the lower skin, fix it with the lower wing surface forming clamp, and position the leading and trailing edges of the lower skin with the leading edge airfoil clamp and the trailing edge airfoil clamp to complete the aileron assembly.

[0022] Furthermore, in step 5), there are multiple lower wing surface forming clamps, and two lower wing surface forming clamps located at both ends fix the front and rear positions of the upper skin.

[0023] Furthermore, in step 6), each lower wing surface forming card plate positions a rib, and each lower wing surface forming card plate limits the position of the rib by two stoppers; each lower wing surface forming card plate is fixed to the upper skin forming bottom mold by screws through screw holes at both ends.

[0024] Furthermore, in step 6), a gap for placing the lower skin is left between each lower wing surface forming card plate and the rib, and the gap is filled and fixed with a rubber sheet.

[0025] Furthermore, in step 7), before assembling the lower skin, the stopper on the lower wing surface forming card plate located in the middle position is removed, and the rubber sheet in the gap is removed.

[0026] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows:

[0027] 1. The present invention can simultaneously form skin parts and carry out the combination of whole wing products, providing an efficient composite aileron manufacturing method, which can realize the forming and assembly of small-sized ailerons with multiple parts, and the forming mold and assembly tooling can use the same mold, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost.

[0028] 2. The present invention effectively prevents deformation of the aileron product during assembly by adding leading edge wing profile clamps and trailing edge wing profile clamps, solves the problem of combined deformation of small-size products, ensures the shape stability of the product, and improves the quality of the product.

[0029] 3. The present invention can save a set of aileron assembly tooling and a pallet positioning tooling, the mold cost can be saved by more than 30%, and the tooling inspection time can also be saved by 30%, thus achieving double savings in cost and time.

[0030] 4. The present invention adopts a cardboard combination assembly method, which clearly displays the combination of products, simplifies the assembly process, and improves process accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a forming and assembling mold of a composite material aileron in an embodiment.

[0032] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the composite aileron manufactured in the embodiment.

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the upper skin formed by the upper skin forming bottom mold in the embodiment.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the positions of beams and ribs on the upper skin in the embodiment.

[0035] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of positioning beams and ribs during assembly in the embodiment.

[0036] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of positioning ribs in an embodiment.

[0037] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the composite aileron in the embodiment.

[0038] Description of reference numerals:

[0039] 1: Upper skin forming bottom mold; 2: Lower wing surface forming pallet;

[0040] 3: Leading edge airfoil clip; 4: Trailing edge airfoil clip;

[0041] 5: positioning pin; 6: beam;

[0042] 7: Suspension joint; 8: Rib;

[0043] 9: upper skin; 10: stopper;

[0044] 11: Rubber sheet; 12: Aileron assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the various technical features and advantages or technical effects in the above technical solutions of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the following is a detailed description with reference to embodiments and drawings.

[0046] This embodiment specifically discloses a molding and assembly mold for a composite aileron, and its structure is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, used to manufacture Figure 2 The composite aileron shown (lower skin is not shown) is made of steel or aluminum in consideration of autoclave molding. The mold includes an upper skin molding base mold 1, a lower wing surface molding card plate 2, a leading edge airfoil card plate 3, a trailing edge airfoil card plate 4 and positioning pins. The upper skin molding base mold 1 is used as an assembly tool to support the upper skin 9, and beams 6 and ribs 8 can be assembled on the upper skin 9. There are 8 lower wing surface molding card plates 2, which are used to position beams 6, ribs 8 and lower skin (not shown). The leading edge airfoil card plate 3 and the trailing edge airfoil card plate 4 are also used to position the leading and trailing edges of the lower skin.

[0047] This embodiment also discloses a method for manufacturing a composite aileron, which uses the above-mentioned forming and assembly mold to manufacture a composite aileron, the aileron length is 1m, the prepreg selected for the upper and lower skins is carbon fiber / epoxy resin prepreg, and the core material selected for the ribs is PMI foam. The specific manufacturing steps are as follows:

[0048] S1: Using compression molding or autoclave molding to obtain the beam 6 as the main load-bearing member.

[0049] S2: The ribs 8 are obtained by hot-pressing or vacuum forming in an oven.

[0050] S3: Using hot-press molding or oven vacuum molding to obtain the upper skin 9 and the lower skin; wherein the upper skin 9 is molded separately on the upper skin molding bottom mold 1, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0051] S4: Assemble the beam 6 and the suspension joint 7, and form a beam assembly after riveting. Figure 2 shown.

[0052] S5: The upper skin forming bottom mold 1 is used as the bottom mold of the assembly tooling to support the upper skin 9, and the two end clamps (i.e., the first clamp and the last clamp) of the lower wing surface forming clamp 2 are used to fix the front and rear positions to achieve the positioning of the upper skin 9, such as Figure 4 shown.

[0053] S6: Assemble beams 6 and ribs 8 on the upper skin 9, use positioning pins to position beams 6 and suspension joints 7, use lower skin forming pallets to position ribs 8, and use room temperature glue to bond beams 6 and ribs 8 to the upper skin 9 to form an upper skin-frame assembly. Each rib 8 is positioned with a lower wing surface forming pallet 2, and the lower wing surface forming pallet 2 is fixed to the upper skin forming bottom mold 1 through screw holes at both ends. Each lower wing surface forming pallet 2 limits the position of the rib 8 by fixing two stoppers 10, such as Figure 4-5 shown.

[0054] Considering that there is a lower skin with a thickness of h between the lower wing surface forming card plate 2 and the rib 8 (not shown in the figure), when positioning the lower wing surface forming card plate 2, a rubber sheet 11 with a thickness of h is required to be added for fixing, such as Figure 6 shown.

[0055] S7: Finally, assemble the lower skin. First, remove the block 10 on the six middle lower wing surface forming pallets 2, and remove the rubber sheet to avoid interference with the lower skin; then assemble the lower skin and fix it with the lower wing surface forming pallet 2. The lower wing surface forming pallet 2 is fixed to the upper skin forming bottom mold 1 by screws at both ends to form an aileron assembly 12. In order to prevent the leading edge and trailing edge of the lower skin from deforming after being combined, the leading edge airfoil pallet 3 and the trailing edge airfoil pallet 4 are used to position the leading and trailing edges.

[0056] Parts of the present invention that are not described in detail are well known to those skilled in the art.

[0057] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above by way of embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Appropriate modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions of the present invention made by ordinary technicians in the field should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be based on what is defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A forming and assembly die for a composite aileron, characterized in that: It includes an upper skin forming bottom mold, a lower wing surface forming card plate, a leading edge airfoil card plate, a trailing edge airfoil card plate and a positioning pin; The upper skin forming bottom mold is used to form and support the upper skin of the aileron, and is used to assemble the beams and ribs of the aileron on the upper skin; The lower wing surface forming card plate is used to position the spars, ribs and lower skin of the aileron; The leading edge airfoil clip and the trailing edge airfoil clip are used to position the leading and trailing edges of the lower skin of the aileron; Dowel pins are used to locate the aileron's beam and suspension joints.

2. The molding assembly mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple lower wing surface forming pallets, and two lower wing surface forming pallets located at both ends fix the front and rear positions of the upper skin; each lower wing surface forming pallet positions a rib.

3. The forming assembly mold according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each lower wing surface forming clamping plate is fixed on the upper skin forming bottom mold through screw holes at both ends and screws.

4. The forming assembly mold according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each lower airfoil forming card plate includes two stoppers, which are used to limit the position of the ribs.

5. The molding assembly mold according to claim 2, characterized in that: A gap is left between each lower wing surface forming card plate and the rib for placing the lower skin, which is filled and fixed with rubber sheets before placing the lower skin.

6. A method for manufacturing a composite aileron, using the forming and assembly mold according to any one of claims 1 to 9 to manufacture the composite aileron, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) The beam is obtained by compression molding or autoclave molding; 2) The ribs are obtained by hot-pressing or vacuum forming in an oven; 3) The upper skin and the lower skin are obtained by hot-pressing or vacuum forming in an oven, wherein the upper skin is formed separately on the upper skin forming bottom mold; 4) Assemble beams and suspension joints on the upper skin and riveted to form beam assemblies; 5) Use the upper skin forming bottom mold to support the upper skin, and position the upper skin through the lower wing surface forming pallet; 6) Assemble beams and ribs on the upper skin, position the beams and suspension joints by positioning pins, position the ribs by using the lower wing surface forming card plate, and bond the beams and ribs by normal temperature glue to form an upper skin-frame assembly; 7) Assemble the lower skin, fix it with the lower wing surface forming clamp, and position the leading and trailing edges of the lower skin with the leading edge airfoil clamp and the trailing edge airfoil clamp to complete the aileron assembly.

7. The manufacturing method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 5), there are multiple lower wing surface forming clamps, and the two lower wing surface forming clamps located at both ends fix the front and rear positions of the upper skin.

8. The manufacturing method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 6), each lower wing surface forming card plate positions a rib, and each lower wing surface forming card plate limits the position of the rib by two stoppers; each lower wing surface forming card plate is fixed to the upper skin forming bottom mold by screw holes at both ends and screws.

9. The manufacturing method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 6), a gap for placing the lower skin is left between each lower wing surface forming card plate and the rib, and the gap is filled and fixed with a rubber sheet.

10. The manufacturing method according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step 7), before assembling the lower skin, remove the stopper on the lower wing surface forming card plate located in the middle position, and remove the rubber sheet in the gap.

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