Temperature equalization control method for galvanic pile parallel configuration alkali liquor electrolytic cell module

Abstract

The invention discloses a temperature equalization control method for a galvanic pile parallel configuration alkali liquor electrolytic cell module, which comprises the following steps: when the module does not receive a communication signal of an external communication line, all power of an input module is used for galvanic pile electrolysis; power distribution and temperature balance among electric piles in the module are realized through internal control of a single alkali liquor electrolytic cell module; after the module receives a communication signal of an external communication line, each electric pile in the module runs at the power corresponding to the maximum hydrogen production efficiency of the temperature through centralized control among a plurality of alkali liquor electrolytic cell modules, and the rest power of the input module is distributed to a heating device corresponding to each electric pile; when all the modules need to be coordinated and matched, all the electric piles in the modules act according to communication signals issued by an upper-layer controller. According to the invention, the temperature balance of each galvanic pile unit in the module can be maintained, the temperature rise of the galvanic pile is ensured before the external power is increased, and the absorption potential of the external system power is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production by operation of a hydrogen-electricity coupling system in the field of new energy, and in particular to a temperature balance control method for alkaline solution electrolyzer modules of a battery stack parallel configuration. Background Art

[0002] There are many reasons for connecting multiple stacks in parallel to form an alkaline electrolyzer module for operation. In terms of capacity expansion, the electrolysis capacity of a single stack is limited. For large-scale industrial hydrogen production or hydrogen supply at hydrogen refueling stations, it is difficult to meet the production requirements with only one stack. The parallel connection of multiple stacks can increase the electrolysis reaction site, carry out more water electrolysis reactions simultaneously, and greatly increase the hydrogen production. In terms of system stability, a single stack will cause electrolysis performance fluctuations or even shutdown due to electrode aging, electrolyte changes or failures. When multiple stacks are connected in parallel, if individual stacks have problems, the remaining normal stacks can still work, maintain a certain hydrogen production, ensure the stability and continuity of the electrolysis process, and reduce the impact on downstream links. In terms of flexible regulation, different production or gas use periods have different requirements for hydrogen production. After multiple stacks are connected in parallel into modules, the number of working stacks can be flexibly controlled according to actual needs. When hydrogen demand is low, some stacks can be shut down to save energy and reduce costs, and all stacks can be turned on to produce hydrogen at peak times, accurately and flexibly regulating production to adapt to various situations. From the perspective of maintenance and upgrade, the modular structure of multiple stacks in parallel is clearer than a single large and complex electrolysis device. When a stack fails, it is easier to locate the problem and carry out targeted repairs or replacements. After technological development, when there are better performing stacks, some stacks can be easily upgraded and replaced, improving module performance without the need for large-scale transformation of the electrolysis system.

[0003] In an electrolyzer module composed of multiple stacks in parallel, it is crucial to achieve equal temperatures for each stack. First, this can improve the efficiency of electrolysis, because the same temperature can ensure the consistency of the electrochemical reaction rate, avoid different reaction rates caused by temperature differences, and make the production of hydrogen and oxygen more stable and efficient. Secondly, it helps to extend the service life of the stack. Uneven temperature can cause thermal stress, causing damage to the internal materials of the stack due to inconsistent expansion and contraction, such as poor contact between the electrode and the diaphragm, cracks in the diaphragm, etc., and equal temperature can effectively avoid these problems. Furthermore, it can ensure stable and reliable module performance. Uneven temperature will cause different internal resistance of the stack, causing uneven current distribution, further exacerbating temperature differences, while consistent temperature can ensure uniform current distribution, making the performance of the entire module stable, and the output parameters reliable, which is beneficial to subsequent links. Finally, it can also improve energy utilization efficiency and safety. Uneven temperature can easily cause local overheating, resulting in energy waste and safety hazards, while equal temperature can reduce energy loss and avoid safety accidents, improving the safety and energy utilization efficiency of the entire electrolyzer module. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a temperature balance control method for alkaline solution electrolyzer modules with parallel configuration of battery stacks in view of the deficiencies in the prior art.

[0005] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a temperature balance control method for an alkali liquid electrolyzer module of a battery stack parallel configuration, specifically comprising: when the alkali liquid electrolyzer module does not receive a communication signal from an external communication line, all power input to the alkali liquid electrolyzer module is used for battery stack electrolysis, and power distribution and temperature balance between battery stacks inside the alkali liquid electrolyzer module are achieved through internal control of a single alkali liquid electrolyzer module; wherein the internal control of a single alkali liquid electrolyzer module is divided into module internal control of a separate alkali liquid circulation loop and module internal control of a shared alkali liquid circulation loop according to the difference in the alkali liquid circulation loop structure of the battery stack unit; After receiving the communication signal from the external communication line, when there is a demand for power consumption due to a large amount of external power, the alkali liquid electrolyzer module uses centralized control among multiple alkali liquid electrolyzer modules to enable each fuel cell inside the alkali liquid electrolyzer module to operate at the power corresponding to the maximum hydrogen production efficiency at the temperature, and the remaining power input to the alkali liquid electrolyzer module is distributed to the heating device corresponding to each fuel cell; when coordination and cooperation between the alkali liquid electrolyzer modules is required, each fuel cell inside the alkali liquid electrolyzer module operates according to the communication signal sent by the upper-level controller.

[0006] Furthermore, the alkaline liquid electrolyzer module includes N parallel-connected battery stack units, each battery stack unit includes a first capacitor, a second capacitor, an interface power converter and a battery stack, each battery stack is equipped with a heating device, and the battery stack is an alkaline liquid electrolyzer; wherein, the two ends of the first capacitor are respectively connected to the two input ends of the interface power converter, the two ends of the second capacitor are respectively connected to the two output ends of the interface power converter, and the two output ends of the interface power converter are respectively connected to the two input ends of the battery stack; the input side interfaces of each battery stack unit are connected in parallel, and the output side interfaces of each battery stack unit are connected in parallel to realize the diversion of the power of the alkaline liquid electrolyzer module; the alkaline liquid electrolyzer module can receive the communication signal of the upper-level controller to realize the centralized control among multiple alkaline liquid electrolyzer modules.

[0007] Furthermore, the module internal control of the separated alkali liquid circulation loop includes the control of internal power and the setting of power reference value, the power reference value is composed of the characteristic power of the electrolyzer, the temperature balance power and the voltage protection redundancy, and the corresponding power reference value is obtained by subtracting the corresponding temperature balance power and voltage protection redundancy from the characteristic power of the electrolyzer, and the internal power is controlled by the control law of the internal power according to the power reference value, so as to realize the power distribution and temperature balance among the various stacks inside the alkali liquid electrolyzer module; wherein the characteristic power of the electrolyzer is the power corresponding to the maximum hydrogen production efficiency of the stack at the operating temperature, and is obtained by searching the data table stored in the internal storage unit of the control system of the alkali liquid electrolyzer module, wherein the data table is used to record the power corresponding to the maximum hydrogen production efficiency of the stack at different temperatures; the temperature balance power is obtained by multiplying the characteristic power of the electrolyzer by the temperature correction factor corresponding to the stack; the voltage protection redundancy is realized by the control law of the voltage protection redundancy; The module internal control of the shared alkali liquid circulation loop includes the control of internal power and the setting of a power reference value. The power reference value is composed of the characteristic power of the electrolytic cell and the voltage protection redundancy. The corresponding power reference value is obtained by subtracting the corresponding voltage protection redundancy from the characteristic power of the electrolytic cell. The internal power is controlled according to the power reference value through the control law of the internal power to achieve power distribution among the fuel cells inside the alkali liquid electrolytic cell module.

[0008] Furthermore, the control law of the internal power is: ; In the formula, represents the pulse duty cycle of the power semiconductor module of the i-th stack unit in the alkali solution electrolyzer module; and They represent the proportional coefficient and integral coefficient of the PI controller respectively, and s is the Laplace operator; represents the power reference value of the stack in the ith stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolyzer module, , represents the electrolytic cell characteristic power of the cell stack in the ith cell stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolytic cell module, represents the temperature balance power of the stack in the ith stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolyzer module, represents the voltage protection redundancy of the stack in the i-th stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolyzer module; Represents the power of the battery stack in the i-th battery stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolyzer module.

[0009] Furthermore, the calculation formula of the temperature balance power is: ; In the formula, represents the temperature balance power of the stack in the ith stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolyzer module; represents the electrolytic cell characteristic power of the cell stack in the i-th cell stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolytic cell module; It represents the temperature correction factor of the stack in the ith stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolyzer module, and its calculation formula is: ;

[0010] In the formula, It represents the temperature of the battery stack in the i-th battery stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolyzer module, and N is the total number of battery stack units in the alkaline solution electrolyzer module.

[0011] Furthermore, the control law of the voltage protection redundancy is: ; In the formula, represents the voltage protection redundancy of the stack in the i-th stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolyzer module; and They represent the proportional coefficient and integral coefficient of the PI controller respectively, and s is the Laplace operator; Indicates the rated voltage of the battery stack; It represents the terminal voltage of the stack in the i-th stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolyzer module.

[0012] Furthermore, the centralized control among the plurality of alkali liquid electrolyzer modules specifically comprises: the upper-layer controller sends a dispatch instruction to each alkali liquid electrolyzer module through an external communication line, and after receiving the communication signal of the external communication line, the alkali liquid electrolyzer module distributes a part of all the power input into the alkali liquid electrolyzer module to each fuel cell inside the alkali liquid electrolyzer module for electrolysis and hydrogen production, and distributes another part of the power to each heating device inside the alkali liquid electrolyzer module to realize heating and temperature rise of the corresponding fuel cell; wherein, the same method as the internal control of the module of the separated alkali liquid circulation loop is adopted, that is, the corresponding temperature balancing power and voltage protection redundancy are subtracted from the characteristic power of the electrolyzer to obtain Take the corresponding power reference value, and control the internal power through the control law of the internal power according to the power reference value to realize the power distribution on each battery stack inside the alkali liquid electrolyzer module, so that each battery stack inside the alkali liquid electrolyzer module operates at the power corresponding to the maximum hydrogen production efficiency at the temperature; calculate the total electrolysis power according to the power distributed to each battery stack inside the alkali liquid electrolyzer module, calculate the total heating power according to all the power input to the alkali liquid electrolyzer module and the total electrolysis power, multiply the total heating power by the heating balance factor corresponding to the heating device to obtain the power distributed on the heating device, so as to distribute it to each heating device inside the alkali liquid electrolyzer module to realize heating and temperature rise of the corresponding battery stack.

[0013] Furthermore, the power allocated to the heating device is obtained by multiplying the total heating power by the heating balance factor corresponding to the heating device, which is calculated by the following formula: ; ; ; In the formula, represents the power allocated to the heating device in the ith stack unit in the alkali solution electrolyzer module; represents the heating balance factor of the heating device in the ith stack unit in the alkali solution electrolyzer module, represents the power of the stack in the i-th stack unit in the alkali liquid electrolyzer module, and N is the total number of stack units in the alkali liquid electrolyzer module; represents the total heating power, Indicates the total power input to the alkali electrolyzer module, Represents the total electrolysis power.

[0014] Furthermore, the alkaline liquid electrolyzer module includes two sets of communication lines, namely, an internal communication line between the internal battery stacks of the alkaline liquid electrolyzer module and an external communication line between the alkaline liquid electrolyzer modules.

[0015] Furthermore, the information transmitted by the internal communication line between the battery stacks inside the alkaline solution electrolyzer module is the temperature of each battery stack; The information transmitted by the external communication line between the alkaline solution electrolyzer modules is the total power input into the alkaline solution electrolyzer modules.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention overcomes the problems of slow power response speed of alkali liquid electrolyzer modules and inability to fully utilize the alkali liquid electrolyzer units at the current stage through a new control method between the galvanic cell units inside the alkali liquid electrolyzer module; the present invention increases the power capacity of the alkali liquid electrolyzer module by adopting a method of current balancing of the galvanic cell units in parallel, and solves the problem of too small power of a single galvanic cell; the temperature balancing link inside the alkali liquid electrolyzer module can still maintain the temperature balance of the galvanic cell units inside the module under a separated alkali liquid circulation structure; and the temperature rise of the galvanic cell is ensured in advance when the external power is large, thereby increasing the potential for absorbing external system power; the present invention is conducive to fault detection and plug-and-play through a modular integration method; at the same time, the internal galvanic cell of a single alkali liquid electrolyzer module adopts centralized control, which is the basis for collaborative hierarchical control between the alkali liquid electrolyzer modules, reduces the calculation amount of the upper control system, and further solves the problem of scale expansion of the hydrogen production base. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a system structure diagram of an alkaline solution electrolyzer module of a parallel configuration of a stack of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a control principle block diagram of a single stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolyzer module of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present invention as detailed in the appended claims.

[0019] The terms used in the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The singular forms "a", "the" and "the" used in the present invention and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates other meanings. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0020] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used in the present invention to describe various information, these information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining".

[0021] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The features of the following embodiments and implementations can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0022] The temperature balance control method of the alkaline liquid electrolyzer module with parallel configuration of the battery stack of the present invention can control the temperature balance between the n battery stack units inside the alkaline liquid electrolyzer module, and at the same time, can raise the temperature as soon as possible before the external power is generated, that is, before the power output of the external power source increases rapidly.

[0023] The temperature balancing control method of the alkaline liquid electrolyzer module of the battery stack parallel configuration of the present invention specifically includes: when the alkaline liquid electrolyzer module does not receive a communication signal from an external communication line, the alkaline liquid electrolyzer module executes a self-operating mode, and all the power input to the alkaline liquid electrolyzer module is used for battery stack electrolysis instead of being allocated to a heating device, and power distribution and temperature balancing between the battery stacks inside the alkaline liquid electrolyzer module are achieved through internal control of a single alkaline liquid electrolyzer module. After receiving the communication signal from the external communication line, when there is a demand for power consumption due to a large external power generation, the alkali liquid electrolyzer module switches from the self-operating mode to the heating mode, and through the centralized control between multiple alkali liquid electrolyzer modules, each stack inside the alkali liquid electrolyzer module operates at the power corresponding to the maximum hydrogen production efficiency at the temperature, and the remaining power input to the alkali liquid electrolyzer module is allocated to the heating device corresponding to each stack. By reasonably allocating the electrolysis power applied to the stack and the heating power on the heating device, the temperature of each stack inside the alkali liquid electrolyzer module can be increased as soon as possible before the external supply power increases significantly, thereby improving the power consumption potential; when coordination between the alkali liquid electrolyzer modules is required, each stack inside the alkali liquid electrolyzer module acts according to the communication signal sent by the upper controller. Among them, the internal control of a single alkali liquid electrolyzer module is divided into two cases: module internal control of a separate alkali liquid circulation loop and module internal control of a shared alkali liquid circulation loop according to the difference in the alkali liquid circulation loop structure of the stack unit.

[0024] In this embodiment, an alkaline liquid electrolyzer module includes N parallel-connected battery stack units, each battery stack unit includes a first capacitor, a second capacitor, an interface power converter and a battery stack, each battery stack is equipped with a heating device, and the battery stack is an alkaline liquid electrolyzer; wherein the two ends of the first capacitor are respectively connected to the two input ends of the interface power converter, the two ends of the second capacitor are respectively connected to the two output ends of the interface power converter, and the two output ends of the interface power converter are respectively connected to the two input ends of the battery stack, such as Figure 1 As shown, the input side interfaces of each stack unit are connected in parallel, and the output side interfaces of each stack unit are connected in parallel to realize the power diversion of the alkali liquid electrolyzer module. The alkali liquid electrolyzer module can receive the communication signal of the upper controller to realize the centralized control among multiple alkali liquid electrolyzer modules.

[0025] In this embodiment, the internal control of the module of the separated alkali liquid circulation loop includes the control of the internal power and the setting of the power reference value. The power reference value is composed of the characteristic power of the electrolytic cell, the temperature balance power and the voltage protection redundancy. The corresponding power reference value is obtained by subtracting the corresponding temperature balance power and the voltage protection redundancy from the characteristic power of the electrolytic cell. The internal power is controlled according to the power reference value through the control law of the internal power to realize the power distribution and temperature balance between the various stacks inside the alkali liquid electrolytic cell module, such as Figure 2As shown. Among them, the characteristic power of the electrolyzer is the power corresponding to the maximum hydrogen production efficiency of the stack at the operating temperature, which is obtained by searching the data table stored in the internal storage unit of the alkaline solution electrolyzer module control system, where the data table is used to record the power corresponding to the maximum hydrogen production efficiency of the stack at different temperatures; the temperature balance power is obtained by multiplying the characteristic power of the electrolyzer by the temperature correction factor corresponding to the stack; the voltage protection redundancy is realized by the control law of the voltage protection redundancy.

[0026] It should be understood that the stack voltage can appropriately exceed the rated voltage of the stack, and the stack voltage is required to be less than or equal to 10% of the rated voltage of the stack. Therefore, in order to prevent the stack voltage from exceeding the limit, voltage protection is set for the stack to limit the electrolysis current. Once the stack current is too large, the stack voltage will exceed the limit, which is specifically achieved by setting the voltage protection redundancy.

[0027] It should be noted that the power corresponding to the maximum hydrogen production efficiency of the fuel cell stack at different temperatures is recorded and made into a data table in the form of a lookup table, which is then stored in the system's internal storage unit. When used later, the data table can be directly looked up to obtain the power corresponding to the maximum hydrogen production efficiency of the fuel cell stack at the operating temperature.

[0028] Furthermore, the control law of the internal power is:

[0029] In the formula, represents the pulse duty cycle of the power semiconductor module of the i-th stack unit in the alkali liquid electrolyzer module, wherein the power semiconductor module is an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT); and They represent the proportional coefficient and integral coefficient of the PI controller respectively, and s is the Laplace operator; represents the power reference value of the stack in the ith stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolyzer module, , represents the electrolytic cell characteristic power of the cell stack in the ith cell stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolytic cell module, represents the temperature balance power of the stack in the ith stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolyzer module, represents the voltage protection redundancy of the stack in the i-th stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolyzer module; Represents the power of the battery stack in the i-th battery stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolyzer module.

[0030] It should be understood that the basic logic of subtracting the corresponding temperature balance power from the characteristic power of the electrolyzer is: provide lower power to the high-temperature stack, which can make the stack heat up more slowly, and provide higher power to the low-temperature stack, which can make the stack heat up faster. In this way, the temperature of each stack inside the alkaline liquid electrolyzer module can converge and tend to be consistent, realizing power distribution and temperature balance among the stacks inside the alkaline liquid electrolyzer module.

[0031] Furthermore, the calculation formula of temperature balance power is:

[0032] In the formula, represents the temperature balance power of the stack in the ith stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolyzer module; represents the electrolytic cell characteristic power of the cell stack in the i-th cell stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolytic cell module; It represents the temperature correction factor of the stack in the ith stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolyzer module, and its calculation formula is:

[0033] In the formula, It represents the temperature of the battery stack in the i-th battery stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolyzer module, and N is the total number of battery stack units in the alkaline solution electrolyzer module.

[0034] Furthermore, it is normal for the stack to slightly exceed the rated voltage during normal operation. The maximum terminal voltage allowed by the stack is The voltage protection has a limiter unit, the lower limit of the limit value is 0, and the upper limit is the characteristic power of the electrolytic cell. The control law of voltage protection redundancy is:

[0035] In the formula, represents the voltage protection redundancy of the stack in the i-th stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolyzer module; and They represent the proportional coefficient and integral coefficient of the PI controller respectively, and s is the Laplace operator; Indicates the rated voltage of the battery stack; It represents the terminal voltage of the stack in the i-th stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolyzer module.

[0036] In this embodiment, for the alkali liquid electrolyzer module of the shared alkali liquid circulation loop, its internal temperature is equal in real time, so there is no need to design a special algorithm to achieve temperature balance, and only the corresponding power is allocated to its internal battery stack. The internal control of the module of the shared alkali liquid circulation loop also includes the control of the internal power and the setting of the power reference value. The power reference value is composed of the characteristic power of the electrolyzer and the voltage protection redundancy. The corresponding power reference value is obtained by subtracting the corresponding voltage protection redundancy from the characteristic power of the electrolyzer. The internal power is controlled according to the power reference value through the control law of the internal power to realize the power distribution between the battery stacks inside the alkali liquid electrolyzer module. Among them, the specific method of obtaining the characteristic power of the electrolyzer and the voltage protection redundancy is the same as that in the internal control of the module of the separate alkali liquid circulation loop.

[0037] In this embodiment, the centralized control among multiple alkaline liquid electrolyzer modules specifically includes: the upper controller sends a dispatch instruction to each alkaline liquid electrolyzer module through an external communication line, and after receiving the communication signal of the external communication line, the alkaline liquid electrolyzer module allocates a part of all the power input to the alkaline liquid electrolyzer module to each internal stack of the alkaline liquid electrolyzer module for electrolytic hydrogen production, and allocates the other part of the power to each heating device inside the alkaline liquid electrolyzer module to realize the heating and temperature rise of the corresponding stack. Among them, the same method as the internal control of the module of the separated alkaline liquid circulation loop is adopted, that is, the corresponding power reference value is obtained by subtracting the corresponding temperature balance power and voltage protection redundancy from the characteristic power of the electrolyzer, and the internal power is controlled by the control law of the internal power according to the power reference value, so as to realize the power distribution on each internal stack of the alkaline liquid electrolyzer module, so that each internal stack of the alkaline liquid electrolyzer module operates at the power corresponding to the maximum hydrogen production efficiency at the temperature. Then, the total electrolysis power is calculated according to the power allocated to each fuel cell stack inside the alkali liquid electrolyzer module, and the total heating power is calculated according to all the power input into the alkali liquid electrolyzer module and the total electrolysis power. The total heating power is multiplied by the heating balance factor corresponding to the heating device to obtain the power allocated to the heating device, so as to distribute it to each heating device inside the alkali liquid electrolyzer module to realize heating and temperature rise of the corresponding fuel cell stack.

[0038] Specifically, the upper controller sends a dispatch instruction to each alkali liquid electrolyzer module through an external communication line. After the alkali liquid electrolyzer module receives the communication signal of the external communication line, the communication signal of the external communication line is the predicted instruction signal of the power generation. The alkali liquid electrolyzer module switches from the original self-operation mode to the heating mode, and begins to reduce the power supply to the stack, and supplies part of the power to the heating device. The communication monitoring external system between modules also monitors the predicted value of the external supply power. Before the external power is generated, the electrolysis power is reduced, and more power is allocated to the stack heating device for the stack temperature rise. A data table of the power required for the stack to maintain the maximum hydrogen production efficiency at different temperatures is prepared in advance. The corresponding voltage protection redundancy is subtracted from the characteristic power of the electrolyzer as the corresponding power reference value, and it is used as the power reference value of the stack in different stack units, and it is applied to the corresponding stack for electrolysis. The remaining power is all used in the heating device to achieve the heating and temperature rise of the stack. Since the smaller the electrolysis power, the lower the temperature of the stack unit, the more power needs to be allocated to promote the heating and temperature rise of the stack.

[0039] Furthermore, the total heating power is multiplied by the heating balance factor corresponding to the heating device to obtain the power allocated to the heating device, which is calculated by the following formula:

[0040]

[0041]

[0042] In the formula, represents the power allocated to the heating device in the ith stack unit in the alkali solution electrolyzer module; represents the heating balance factor of the heating device in the ith stack unit in the alkali solution electrolyzer module, represents the power of the stack in the i-th stack unit in the alkali liquid electrolyzer module, and N is the total number of stack units in the alkali liquid electrolyzer module; represents the total heating power, Indicates the total power input to the alkali electrolyzer module, Represents the total electrolysis power.

[0043] Furthermore, the alkaline liquid electrolyzer module includes two sets of communication lines, namely, an internal communication line between the internal battery stacks of the alkaline liquid electrolyzer module and an external communication line between the alkaline liquid electrolyzer modules.

[0044] Furthermore, the information transmitted by the internal communication lines between the battery stacks inside the alkaline liquid electrolyzer module is the temperature of each battery stack; the information transmitted by the external communication lines between the alkaline liquid electrolyzer modules is the total power input into the alkaline liquid electrolyzer module.

[0045] In summary, the present invention overcomes the problems of slow power response speed of alkali liquid electrolyzer modules and inability to fully utilize the alkali liquid electrolyzer units at the current stage through a new control method between the galvanic cell units inside the alkali liquid electrolyzer module; the present invention increases the power capacity of the alkali liquid electrolyzer module by adopting a method of parallel current equalization of the galvanic cell units, and solves the problem of too small power of a single galvanic cell; the temperature balancing link inside the alkali liquid electrolyzer module can still maintain the temperature balance of the galvanic cell units inside the module under the separated alkali liquid circulation structure; and the temperature rise of the galvanic cell is ensured in advance when the external power is large, thereby increasing the potential for absorbing external system power; the present invention is conducive to fault detection and plug-and-play through a modular integration method; at the same time, the internal galvanic cell of a single alkali liquid electrolyzer module adopts centralized control, which is the basis for collaborative hierarchical control between the alkali liquid electrolyzer modules, reduces the calculation amount of the upper control system, and further solves the problem of scale expansion of the hydrogen production base.

[0046] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A temperature balance control method for alkaline solution electrolyzer modules in parallel configuration of a stack, characterized in that: Specifically include: When the alkali liquid electrolyzer module does not receive a communication signal from an external communication line, all power input to the alkali liquid electrolyzer module is used for stack electrolysis, and power distribution and temperature balance among the stacks inside the alkali liquid electrolyzer module are achieved through internal control of a single alkali liquid electrolyzer module; wherein the internal control of a single alkali liquid electrolyzer module is divided into module internal control of a separate alkali liquid circulation loop and module internal control of a shared alkali liquid circulation loop according to the difference in the alkali liquid circulation loop structure of the stack unit; After receiving the communication signal from the external communication line, when there is a demand for power consumption due to a large amount of external power, the alkali liquid electrolyzer module uses centralized control among multiple alkali liquid electrolyzer modules to enable each fuel cell inside the alkali liquid electrolyzer module to operate at the power corresponding to the maximum hydrogen production efficiency at the temperature, and the remaining power input to the alkali liquid electrolyzer module is distributed to the heating device corresponding to each fuel cell; when coordination and cooperation between the alkali liquid electrolyzer modules is required, each fuel cell inside the alkali liquid electrolyzer module operates according to the communication signal sent by the upper-level controller.

2. The temperature balance control method of the parallel configuration alkaline solution electrolyzer module of the battery stack according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The alkaline liquid electrolyzer module includes N parallel-connected battery stack units, each of which includes a first capacitor, a second capacitor, an interface power converter and a battery stack. Each battery stack is equipped with a heating device, and the battery stack is an alkaline liquid electrolyzer; wherein, the two ends of the first capacitor are respectively connected to the two input ends of the interface power converter, the two ends of the second capacitor are respectively connected to the two output ends of the interface power converter, and the two output ends of the interface power converter are respectively connected to the two input ends of the battery stack; the input side interfaces of each battery stack unit are connected in parallel, and the output side interfaces of each battery stack unit are connected in parallel to realize the diversion of the power of the alkaline liquid electrolyzer module; the alkaline liquid electrolyzer module can receive communication signals from an upper-level controller to realize centralized control among multiple alkaline liquid electrolyzer modules.

3. The temperature balance control method of the parallel configuration alkaline solution electrolyzer module of the battery stack according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The module internal control of the separated alkali liquid circulation loop includes the control of internal power and the setting of power reference value, the power reference value is composed of the characteristic power of the electrolyzer, the temperature balance power and the voltage protection redundancy, and the corresponding power reference value is obtained by subtracting the corresponding temperature balance power and voltage protection redundancy from the characteristic power of the electrolyzer, and the internal power is controlled by the control law of the internal power according to the power reference value, so as to realize the power distribution and temperature balance among the various stacks inside the alkali liquid electrolyzer module; wherein the characteristic power of the electrolyzer is the power corresponding to the maximum hydrogen production efficiency of the stack at the operating temperature, and is obtained by searching the data table stored in the internal storage unit of the control system of the alkali liquid electrolyzer module, wherein the data table is used to record the power corresponding to the maximum hydrogen production efficiency of the stack at different temperatures; the temperature balance power is obtained by multiplying the characteristic power of the electrolyzer by the temperature correction factor corresponding to the stack; the voltage protection redundancy is realized by the control law of the voltage protection redundancy; The module internal control of the shared alkali liquid circulation loop includes the control of internal power and the setting of a power reference value. The power reference value is composed of the characteristic power of the electrolytic cell and the voltage protection redundancy. The corresponding power reference value is obtained by subtracting the corresponding voltage protection redundancy from the characteristic power of the electrolytic cell. The internal power is controlled according to the power reference value through the control law of the internal power to achieve power distribution among the fuel cells inside the alkali liquid electrolytic cell module.

4. The temperature balance control method of the parallel configuration alkaline solution electrolyzer module of the battery stack according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The control law of the internal power is: ； In the formula, represents the pulse duty cycle of the power semiconductor module of the i-th stack unit in the alkali solution electrolyzer module; and They represent the proportional coefficient and integral coefficient of the PI controller respectively, and s is the Laplace operator; represents the power reference value of the stack in the ith stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolyzer module, , represents the electrolytic cell characteristic power of the cell stack in the ith cell stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolytic cell module, represents the temperature balance power of the stack in the ith stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolyzer module, represents the voltage protection redundancy of the stack in the i-th stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolyzer module; Represents the power of the battery stack in the i-th battery stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolyzer module.

5. The temperature balance control method of the parallel configuration alkaline solution electrolyzer module of the battery stack according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The calculation formula of the temperature balancing power is: ； In the formula, represents the temperature balance power of the stack in the ith stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolyzer module; represents the electrolytic cell characteristic power of the cell stack in the i-th cell stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolytic cell module; It represents the temperature correction factor of the stack in the ith stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolyzer module, and its calculation formula is: ； In the formula, It represents the temperature of the battery stack in the i-th battery stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolyzer module, and N is the total number of battery stack units in the alkaline solution electrolyzer module.

6. The temperature balance control method of the parallel configuration alkaline solution electrolyzer module of the battery stack according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The control law of the voltage protection redundancy is: ； In the formula, represents the voltage protection redundancy of the stack in the i-th stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolyzer module; and They represent the proportional coefficient and integral coefficient of the PI controller respectively, and s is the Laplace operator; Indicates the rated voltage of the battery stack; It represents the terminal voltage of the stack in the i-th stack unit in the alkaline solution electrolyzer module.

7. The temperature balance control method of the parallel configuration alkaline solution electrolyzer module of the battery stack according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The centralized control among the plurality of alkali liquid electrolyzer modules specifically includes: the upper-level controller sends a dispatch instruction to each alkali liquid electrolyzer module through an external communication line; after receiving the communication signal of the external communication line, the alkali liquid electrolyzer module distributes a part of all the power input to the alkali liquid electrolyzer module to each battery stack inside the alkali liquid electrolyzer module for electrolysis and hydrogen production, and distributes the other part of the power to each heating device inside the alkali liquid electrolyzer module to realize heating and temperature rise of the corresponding battery stack; wherein, the same method as the internal control of the module of the separated alkali liquid circulation loop is adopted, that is, the corresponding temperature balancing power and voltage protection redundancy are obtained by subtracting the corresponding temperature balancing power and voltage protection redundancy from the characteristic power of the electrolyzer. The power reference value is used to control the internal power through the control law of the internal power according to the power reference value, so as to realize the power distribution on each fuel cell inside the alkali liquid electrolyzer module, so that each fuel cell inside the alkali liquid electrolyzer module operates at the power corresponding to the maximum hydrogen production efficiency at the temperature; the total electrolysis power is calculated according to the power distributed to each fuel cell inside the alkali liquid electrolyzer module, the total heating power is calculated according to all the power input into the alkali liquid electrolyzer module and the total electrolysis power, the total heating power is multiplied by the heating balance factor corresponding to the heating device to obtain the power distributed on the heating device, so as to distribute it to each heating device inside the alkali liquid electrolyzer module to realize the heating and temperature rise of the corresponding fuel cell.

8. The temperature balance control method of the parallel configuration alkaline solution electrolyzer module of the battery stack according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The power allocated to the heating device is obtained by multiplying the total heating power by the heating balance factor corresponding to the heating device, which is calculated by the following formula: ； ； ； In the formula, represents the power allocated to the heating device in the ith stack unit in the alkali solution electrolyzer module; represents the heating balance factor of the heating device in the ith stack unit in the alkali solution electrolyzer module, represents the power of the stack in the i-th stack unit in the alkali liquid electrolyzer module, and N is the total number of stack units in the alkali liquid electrolyzer module; represents the total heating power, Indicates the total power input to the alkali electrolyzer module, Represents the total electrolysis power.

9. The temperature balance control method of the parallel configuration alkaline solution electrolyzer module of the battery stack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alkaline liquid electrolyzer module comprises two sets of communication lines, namely, an internal communication line between the internal battery stacks of the alkaline liquid electrolyzer module and an external communication line between the alkaline liquid electrolyzer modules.

10. The temperature balance control method of the parallel configuration alkaline solution electrolyzer module of the battery stack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The information transmitted by the internal communication line between the internal stacks of the alkaline solution electrolyzer module is the temperature of each stack; The information transmitted by the external communication line between the alkaline solution electrolyzer modules is the total power input into the alkaline solution electrolyzer modules.

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