Slope surface rope saw cutting method for rock slope excavation

Abstract

The invention discloses a slope surface rope saw cutting method for rock slope excavation. The method comprises the following steps that a row of drill holes are formed along a slope excavation opening line; each drill hole is drilled to a designed layered elevation; the in-hole guide devices with the wire saws penetrating through are sequentially placed at the bottoms of the adjacent guide holes, the directions of rod bottom guide wheels of the in-hole guide devices are adjusted to be consistent with the cutting face, and then the in-hole guide devices are fixed; a rope saw for leading two holes at the head and the tail of one cutting unit out of a drilled hole bypasses a guide wheel outside the hole and is connected with a rope saw host to form a loop; and S7, the initial position of the rope saw main machine is adjusted, the rope saw is tensioned, and the rope saw main machine is started to start cutting after safety is checked and confirmed. According to the slope surface rope saw cutting method for rock slope excavation, rope saw cutting is applied to the rock slope opening line (boundary line), and accuracy and stability are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of rock slope excavation, in particular to a slope surface wire saw cutting method for rock slope excavation. Background Art

[0002] Conventional rock slope excavation uses the drilling and blasting method, and pre-splitting blasting or smooth blasting is used at the junction of the excavation area and the retained rock mass to form the excavation slope. Although the drilling and blasting method has high construction efficiency, it has great safety risks and a great impact on the environment. The pre-splitting or smooth blasting holes are drilled densely and with high precision, and it is difficult to control over-excavation and under-excavation of the slope. The blasting vibration will inevitably have a certain impact on the stability of the retained rock mass of the slope. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a slope wire saw cutting method for rock slope excavation, which uses a wire saw to cut the slope and excavates in layers from top to bottom without noise, dust, etc., and ensures quality and quantity.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A rock slope excavation slope wire saw cutting method comprises the following steps: S1: Arrange a row of drill holes along the slope excavation opening line, numbered ①, ②, ③, ④...n in sequence; the drilling depth is determined according to the excavation layer height; S2: Measure and lay out the drilling positions, record the hole elevation of each drilling hole, and calculate the depth of each drilling hole according to the excavation layer height and drilling angle; S3: The drilling machine is in place, the drill bit is aligned with the hole position, and the drilling angle is adjusted to be consistent with the slope line; S4: Each borehole is drilled to the designed layer elevation to form a corresponding guide hole; S5: Place the in-hole guide device with the wire saw threaded into the bottom of the adjacent guide hole in turn, adjust the direction of the guide wheel at the bottom of the rod of the in-hole guide device to be consistent with the cutting surface, and then fix the in-hole guide device; according to the actual situation on site, take two or more adjacent holes as a cutting unit; S6: Lead the rope saw drilled from the first and last holes of a cutting unit around the guide wheel outside the hole and connect it to the rope saw main machine to form a loop; S7: Adjust the initial position of the wire saw host and tighten the wire saw. After checking and confirming safety, start the wire saw host and start cutting.

[0005] The in-hole guide device comprises a main body, a locking mechanism is installed on the main body, the locking mechanism is locked or disengaged with the guide hole, and a rod bottom guide wheel is installed at the bottom end of the main body.

[0006] The locking mechanism comprises a sliding seat slidably sleeved on the main body, locking plates are hinged on both sides of the sliding seat, a threaded section is provided on the main body below the sliding seat, and the frustum is threadedly connected to the threaded section; the smaller diameter end of the frustum faces the sliding seat.

[0007] The center of the truncated cone is provided with a through hole, and a first nut is welded at the lower end of the truncated cone, and the first nut is threadedly connected with the threaded section.

[0008] The main body is threadedly connected with a limiting nut at the upper end of the slide seat.

[0009] A serrated locking portion is provided at the lower end of the locking plate, and the serrated locking portion is an arc-shaped structure matching the guide hole.

[0010] When the two locking plates are arranged front and back, the tensioning rope saw bypasses the guide wheel at the bottom of the pole left and right; when the two locking plates are arranged left and right, the tensioning rope saw bypasses the guide wheel at the bottom of the pole front and back.

[0011] A lifting rope is arranged on the sliding seat.

[0012] According to the size of the slope surface, one or several wire saws can be arranged to perform cutting operations simultaneously.

[0013] The slope is excavated layer by layer from top to bottom, and steps S1-S7 are repeated until the entire slope is excavated.

[0014] The present invention provides a rock slope excavation slope wire saw cutting method, which has the following technical effects: 1) Applying rope saw cutting to rock slope excavation has the following technical advantages over conventional drilling and blasting methods: the number of holes drilled is greatly reduced. For example, for a slope pre-splitting project with a length of 50m and a height of 10m, the conventional method requires 63 pre-splitting holes (hole spacing of 80cm), while this method only requires 7 guide holes (8m per section). No noise, dust, or toxic and harmful gases are generated, the slope surface is smoother, there is no obvious over-excavation, and there is no impact on the stability of the rock mass.

[0015] 2) A guide hole is formed by drilling, and a guide device is installed in the guide hole. After conversion by the guide device, the diamond beaded wire rope can cut the rock from top to bottom to realize the rope saw ring cutting construction.

[0016] 3) The in-hole guide device itself has a locking mechanism. By setting the locking mechanism, the guide wheel at the bottom of the rod can be quickly and stably installed in the hole to ensure the effective implementation of the rope saw cutting. At the same time, the disassembly and assembly are also very fast and efficient, which effectively improves the efficiency of rope saw cutting.

[0017] 4) The existing method also involves cutting the slope with a rope saw, for example: Compared with the present application, the difference between comparative document 1 "CN202410164451-A high slope circular saw and rope saw cutting excavation construction method" is that the present application is suitable for conventional large-scale slope excavation and is not restricted by the surrounding environment; the present application is mainly used for slope excavation opening lines (conventionally constructed using pre-cracking or smooth blasting technology), and for areas with high quality requirements such as over-excavation, under-excavation and flatness of the excavation surface, the step sections are still excavated using conventional drilling and step blasting methods; the present application only needs to use one type of equipment to achieve this, without the need for a large-volume circular saw combination. The advantage is that the present application has fewer vertical guide holes and half of the holes are left on the excavation surface in the later stage. The non-blasting static cutting technology has little impact on the stability of the rock slope and the surrounding environment, and can be used for large-area slope opening line cutting.

[0018] Comparative Document 2 "CN202210670578- Diamond Wire Saw Cutting Method for Traffic Sections" Compared with the present application, the difference is that the present application is suitable for conventional large-scale slope excavation and is not restricted by the surrounding environment; the present application is mainly used for slope excavation opening lines (conventionally constructed using pre-cracking or smooth blasting technology), and for areas with high quality requirements such as over-excavation and under-excavation and flatness of the excavation surface, the step section is still excavated using conventional drilling and step blasting methods; the present application only requires one type of equipment to be implemented, without the need to use an excavator and a breaker; the present application only requires drilling vertical guide holes, with low drilling accuracy requirements, no need to drill horizontal holes, no need to thread ropes in the holes, and no need to require the bottoms of the two holes to intersect at one point. The advantage is that the present application has few vertical guide holes and half of the holes are left on the excavation surface later. The guide hole construction is simple and has low accuracy requirements. The non-blasting static cutting technology has little impact on the stability of the rock slope and the surrounding environment, and can be used for large-area slope opening line cutting.

[0019] In summary, compared with the above wire saw cutting, this application has made the following improvements: 1. The guide bottom wheel, which is subject to the greatest force, is improved by adopting high-strength bearings, optimizing the connection between the rod and the base, and adopting an integrated strong connection.

[0020] 2. The in-hole guide device is divided into standard sections using screw connections and can be assembled according to the height of the excavation surface. The locking device can be flexibly set according to the height of the excavation surface, and one or more locking devices can be set to meet the requirements of the circumference of the cutting slope.

[0021] 3. Set the ground anchor at the hole mouth of the in-hole guide device and adopt the "cross" four-way auxiliary fixing system to fix the outer end of the in-hole guide device to ensure the stability of the in-hole guide device and ensure the continuity and efficiency of the cutting operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the drilling arrangement of the opening line of slope excavation in the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of placing the guide device in the hole of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of cutting by a group of cutting units in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of cutting by another group of cutting units in the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting completion of all cutting units of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the working state of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view at point A.

[0029] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the locking plate in the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: excavation boundary line 1, completed cutting slope surface 2, excavation layer and horseway 3, designed slope ratio 4, mileage pile number 5, elevation 6, guide hole 7, guide hole number 8, guide device in the hole 9, locking mechanism 9-1, guide wheel at the bottom of the rod 9-2, rope saw 10, guide wheel outside the hole 11, rope saw main machine 12. Hole making depth H, completed cutting depth h, hole diameter D, rope saw cutting direction a, a group of cutting units b, rope saw forward direction c, all cutting units d, another group of cutting units b1, and a group of cutting units b2 have been completed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION like Figure 1-4 As shown, a rock slope excavation slope wire saw cutting method comprises the following steps: S1: Arrange a row of drill holes along the slope excavation opening line. The drill holes are numbered ①, ②, ③, ④...n in sequence. The diameter of the drill hole is D. The axis direction of the drill hole is parallel to the slope line and remains vertical. The depth of the drill hole is determined according to the excavation layer height. S2: Measure and stake out the positions of the boreholes, record the elevation of the opening of each borehole, and calculate the depth of each borehole based on the excavation layer height and the drilling angle; S3: The drilling machine is in place, the drill bit is aligned with the hole position, and the drilling angle is adjusted to be consistent with the slope line; S4: Each borehole is drilled to the designed layer elevation to form a corresponding guide hole 7; S5: Put the in-hole guide device 9 with the wire saw 10 into the bottom of the adjacent guide hole 7 in turn, adjust the direction of the rod bottom guide wheel 9-2 to be consistent with the cutting surface, and lock the position of the in-hole guide device 9 through the locking mechanism 9-1. The in-hole guide device 9 remains in a fixed state in the guide hole 7. According to the actual situation on site, two or more adjacent holes are used as a cutting unit; S6: Connect the wire saw 10 (diamond beaded wire rope) that is led out of the two holes of a cutting unit to form a loop with the wire saw main machine 12; at this time, one section of the wire saw 10 is in contact with the upper end, left side and right side of the slope unit to be cut.

[0031] S7: Adjust the initial position of the wire saw main unit 12 and tighten the wire saw 10. After checking and confirming safety, start the wire saw main unit 12 to start cutting. Figure 6 As shown, the rope saw 10 cuts the upper end, left side and right side of the slope unit, and the rope saw main machine 12 moves to one side to continue to tension the rope saw 10 while cutting. Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the intermediate state where two groups of cutting units (b1) are cut simultaneously. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the final state, showing two groups of cutting units (b1) cutting to the excavation layer and the bridleway 3.

[0032] After the slope surface is cut, the rock within the excavation range is excavated using conventional step-by-step drilling, charging and blasting techniques.

[0033] Preferably, the one-time cutting range of the slope surface is determined according to the slope surface area of ​​the slope layer, with a smaller area cut once and a larger area cut in blocks. The one-time cutting range mainly depends on the power of the wire saw cutting machine and the strength of the diamond beaded wire rope, as well as the matching economic cutting circumference.

[0034] Preferably, one or more wire saws can be arranged to perform cutting operations simultaneously according to the size of the slope surface area. Simultaneous cutting operations can complete a larger amount of slope surface area within a limited time, thereby speeding up the construction progress and creating conditions for subsequent step blasting and excavation as soon as possible.

[0035] Preferably, the slope is excavated layer by layer from top to bottom, and the same method is used until the entire slope is excavated.

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, the in-hole guide device 9 comprises a main body 9-3, a locking mechanism 9-1 is provided on the main body 9-3, and a rod bottom guide wheel 9-2 is installed at the bottom of the main body 9-3. The main body 9-3 here is rod-shaped.

[0037] like Figure 7As shown, the locking mechanism 9-1 includes a slide seat 9.1.1 slidably mounted on the main body 9-3, and a locking plate 9.1.2 is hinged on the left and right sides or the front and rear sides of the slide seat 9.1.1. The locking plate 9.1.2 naturally hangs vertically when not under stress; the lower end of the locking plate 9.1.2 can fit the side wall of the guide hole 7 when it is under stress and opened. A threaded section 9.1.3 is provided on the main body 9-3 below the slide seat 9.1.1, and the round table 9.1.4 is threadedly connected to the threaded section 9.1.3, so that the round table 9.1.4 can be driven to move up and down when the main body 9-3 moves up and down. The smaller diameter end of the round table 9.1.4 faces the slide seat 9.1.1, so that when the main body 9-3 moves upward relative to the slide seat 9.1.1 or the slide seat 9.1.1 moves downward relative to the main body 9-3, the locking plate 9.1.2 will be opened.

[0038] The center of the truncated platform 9.1.4 is provided with a through hole, and a first nut is welded on the lower end of the truncated platform 9.1.4. When installed, the truncated platform 9.1.4 is threadedly connected with the threaded section 9.1.3 through the first nut.

[0039] The main body 9-3 is threadedly connected with a limit nut 9.1.5 at the upper end of the slide 9.1.1. The limit nut 9.1.5 and the round table 9.1.4 can limit the upper and lower positions of the slide 9.1.1.

[0040] like Figure 8 As shown, the lower end of the locking plate 9.1.2 is provided with a sawtooth locking portion 9.1.6, which is an arc-shaped structure matching the guide hole 7 and has teeth, thereby improving the locking and fixing ability.

[0041] When the two locking plates 9.1.2 are arranged front and back, the tensioning rope saw 10 bypasses the rod bottom guide wheel 9-2 left and right; when the two locking plates 9.1.2 are arranged left and right, the tensioning rope saw 10 bypasses the rod bottom guide wheel 9-2 front and back. Thus, the tensioning rope saw 10 and the two locking plates 9.1.2 complement each other to avoid affecting the normal operation of the tensioning rope saw 10.

[0042] The slide 9.1.1 is provided with a lifting rope 9.1.7, and when the in-hole guide device 9 is placed into the guide hole 7, the lifting rope 9.1.7 lifts the slide 9.1.1, so that when the in-hole guide device 9 is placed, the locking plate 9.1.2 is in a vertical non-opened state to avoid jamming. When the in-hole guide device 9 needs to be taken out, the slide 9.1.1 can be lifted again.

[0043] Working principle of the in-hole guide device 9: When the in-hole guide device 9 is put into the guide hole 7, the pulling rope 9.1.7 is lifted, and the pulling rope 9.1.7 drives the slide 9.1.1 to move upward relative to the main body 9-3, and the upper end surface of the slide 9.1.1 contacts the limit nut 9.1.5, and the locking plate 9.1.2 and the round table 9.1.4 are separated and kept vertical; when the lower end of the in-hole guide device 9 contacts the bottom of the guide hole 7; the pulling rope 9.1.7 is released, and the slide 9.1.1 falls under the action of gravitational potential energy, and when the locking plate 9.1.2 contacts the round table 9.1.4, the locking plate 9.1.2 gradually opens, and finally locks close to the side wall of the guide hole 7. The magnitude of the locking force can be determined by the height of the slide 9.1.1 falling. The farther the slide 9.1.1 is lifted from the round table 9.1.4, the faster it falls to the round table 9.1.4, the greater the gravitational potential energy, the greater the downward impact force, the greater the locking force generated by falling to the round table 9.1.4, and the more secure the fixation. After use, pull the pull rope 9.1.7 again, the slide 9.1.1 moves upward relative to the main body 9-3, the locking plate 9.1.2 is separated from the round table 9.1.4 and the side wall of the guide hole 7, and is in a naturally vertical drooping state without force, and the guide device 9 in the hole can be taken out again.

Claims

1. A rock slope excavation slope wire saw cutting method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Arrange a row of drill holes along the slope excavation opening line, numbered ①, ②, ③, ④...n in sequence; the drilling depth is determined according to the excavation layer height; S2: Measure and lay out the drilling positions, record the hole elevation of each drilling hole, and calculate the depth of each drilling hole according to the excavation layer height and drilling angle; S3: The drilling machine is in place, the drill bit is aligned with the hole position, and the drilling angle is adjusted to be consistent with the slope line; S4: Each borehole is drilled to the designed layer elevation to form a corresponding guide hole (7); S5: placing the in-hole guide device (9) with the rope saw (10) inserted into the bottom of the adjacent guide hole (7) in sequence, adjusting the direction of the rod bottom guide wheel (9-2) of the in-hole guide device (9) to be consistent with the cutting surface, and then fixing the in-hole guide device (9); according to the actual situation on site, two or more adjacent holes are used as a cutting unit; S6: Leading the drilled wire saw (10) from the first and last holes of a cutting unit around the guide wheel (11) outside the hole and connecting it to the wire saw main machine (12) to form a loop; S7: Adjust the initial position of the rope saw main unit (12) and tighten the rope saw (10). After checking and confirming safety, start the rope saw main unit (12) and start cutting.

2. A rock slope excavation slope wire saw cutting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The in-hole guide device (9) comprises a main body (9-3), a locking mechanism (9-1) is installed on the main body (9-3), the locking mechanism (9-1) is locked or disengaged with the guide hole (7), and a rod bottom guide wheel (9-2) is installed at the bottom end of the main body (9-3).

3. A rock slope excavation slope wire saw cutting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking mechanism (9-1) comprises a sliding seat ( 9.1.1), locking plates (9.1.2) are hinged on both sides of the slide seat (9.1.1), and a threaded section ( 9.1.3), the frustum (9.1.4) is threadedly connected to the threaded section (9.1.3); the smaller diameter end of the frustum (9.1.4) faces the slide seat (9.1.1).

4. A rock slope excavation slope wire saw cutting method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The center of the truncated cone (9.1.4) is provided with a through hole, and a first nut is welded to the lower end of the truncated cone (9.1.4), and the first nut is threadedly connected to the threaded section (9.1.3).

5. A rock slope excavation slope wire saw cutting method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The main body (9-3) is threadedly connected to a limit nut ( 9.1.5）。 6. A rock slope excavation slope wire saw cutting method according to claim 5, characterized in that: A serrated locking portion (9.1.6) is provided at the lower end of the locking plate (9.1.2), and the serrated locking portion (9.1.6) is an arc-shaped structure that matches the guide hole (7).

7. A rock slope excavation slope wire saw cutting method according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the two locking plates (9.1.2) are arranged front and back, the tensioning rope saw (10) bypasses the rod bottom guide wheel (9-2) left and right; when the two locking plates (9.1.2) are arranged left and right, the tensioning rope saw (10) bypasses the rod bottom guide wheel (9-2) front and back.

8. A rock slope excavation slope wire saw cutting method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sliding seat (9.1.1) is provided with a pulling rope (9.1.7).

9. A rock slope excavation slope wire saw cutting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the size of the slope surface, one or several wire saws can be arranged to perform cutting operations simultaneously.

10. A rock slope excavation slope wire saw cutting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slope is excavated layer by layer from top to bottom, and steps S1-S7 are repeated until the entire slope is excavated.

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