A rope saw cutting method for rock slope excavation

Abstract

A method for cutting rock slope surfaces using wire saws includes the following steps: arranging a row of boreholes along the excavation opening line of the slope; drilling each borehole to the designed layer elevation; sequentially placing the guide device with the wire saw already threaded into the hole into the bottom of adjacent guide holes, adjusting the direction of the guide wheel at the bottom of the guide device to align with the cutting surface, and then fixing the guide device; routing the wire saws from the first and last holes of a cutting unit around the guide wheel outside the hole and connecting them to the wire saw main unit to form a loop; S7: adjusting the initial position of the wire saw main unit and tensioning the wire saw, and starting the wire saw main unit to begin cutting after checking and confirming safety. This invention provides a method for cutting rock slope surfaces using wire saws, which is precise and stable when used within the opening line (boundary line) of a rock slope.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rock slope excavation, and in particular to a method for wire saw cutting of rock slope excavation surfaces. Background Technology

[0002] The conventional method for excavating rock slopes is drilling and blasting. At the junction of the excavation area and the retained rock mass, pre-splitting blasting or smooth blasting is used to form the excavated slope surface. Although the drilling and blasting method has high construction efficiency, it has high safety risks and a significant impact on the environment. The pre-splitting or smooth blasting holes are densely drilled and highly precise, making it difficult to control over-excavation and under-excavation of the slope surface. Blasting vibrations inevitably have a certain impact on the stability of the retained rock mass of the slope. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for cutting the slope surface of rock slope with wire saw. The method uses wire saw to cut the slope, and excavates in layers from top to bottom. It is noiseless, dust-free, and ensures quality and quantity.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A method for wire saw cutting of rock slope excavation surface includes the following steps:

[0006] S1: Arrange a row of boreholes along the excavation opening line of the slope, numbered sequentially as ①, ②, ③, ④...n; the borehole depth is determined according to the excavation layer height;

[0007] S2: Measure and mark out the drilling locations, record the elevation of each borehole opening, and calculate the depth of each borehole based on the excavation layer height and drilling angle;

[0008] S3: Position the drilling rig, align the drill bit with the hole position, and adjust the drilling angle to match the slope line;

[0009] S4: Each borehole is drilled to the designed layer elevation to form the corresponding guide hole;

[0010] S5: Place the wire saw-equipped guide device into the bottom of the adjacent guide holes in sequence, adjust the direction of the guide wheel at the bottom of the guide device to be consistent with the cutting surface, and then fix the guide device; according to the actual site conditions, take two or more adjacent holes as a cutting unit.

[0011] S6: The wire saw that leads out of the first and last holes of a cutting unit through the drilled hole passes around the guide wheel outside the hole and is connected to the wire saw main unit to form a loop.

[0012] S7: Adjust the initial position of the wire saw main unit and tension the wire saw. After checking and confirming safety, start the wire saw main unit to begin cutting.

[0013] The in-hole guiding device includes a main body, on which a locking mechanism is installed. The locking mechanism is locked or disengaged from the guide hole, and a rod bottom guide wheel is installed at the bottom end of the main body.

[0014] The locking mechanism includes a slide block that is slidably sleeved on the main body, with locking plates hinged to both sides of the slide block. A threaded section is provided on the main body below the slide block, and a frustum is threadedly connected to the threaded section; the smaller diameter end of the frustum faces the slide block.

[0015] The frustum has a through hole at its center, and a first nut is welded to the lower end of the frustum. The first nut is threadedly connected to the threaded section.

[0016] A limit nut is threadedly connected to the upper end of the slide block on the main body.

[0017] The lower end of the locking plate is provided with a serrated locking part, which is an arc-shaped structure that matches the guide hole.

[0018] When the two locking plates are arranged front to back, the tension wire saw passes around the bottom guide wheel of the pole to the left and right; when the two locking plates are arranged left to right, the tension wire saw passes around the bottom guide wheel of the pole to the front and back.

[0019] The slide is equipped with a lifting rope.

[0020] Depending on the size of the slope area, one or more wire saws can be deployed for simultaneous cutting operations.

[0021] The slope is excavated in layers from top to bottom, and steps S1-S7 are repeated until the entire slope excavation is completed.

[0022] This invention provides a method for wire saw cutting of rock slope excavation surfaces, which has the following technical advantages:

[0023] 1) Applying wire sawing to rock slope excavation offers the following technical advantages over conventional drilling and blasting methods: The number of boreholes is significantly reduced. For example, for a 50m long and 10m high slope pre-splitting project, the conventional method requires drilling 63 pre-splitting holes (80cm spacing), while this method only requires drilling 7 guide holes (8m sections). Furthermore, it generates no noise, dust, or toxic gases, produces a smoother slope surface, avoids significant over- or under-excavation, and has no impact on the stability of the remaining rock mass.

[0024] 2) A guide hole is formed by drilling, and an in-hole guide device is installed in the guide hole. After the guide device is converted, the diamond bead wire rope can cut the rock from top to bottom to realize the wire saw circumferential cutting construction.

[0025] 3) The in-hole guide device has its own locking mechanism. By setting the locking mechanism, the guide wheel at the bottom of the rod can be quickly and stably installed in the hole, ensuring the effective implementation of wire saw cutting. At the same time, the disassembly and assembly are also very fast and efficient, effectively improving the efficiency of wire saw cutting.

[0026] 4) Compared with the wire saw cutting technology in the prior art, this application has made the following improvements:

[0027] 1. The guide wheel, which is subjected to the greatest force, has been improved by adopting high-strength bearings and optimizing the connection between the rod and the base by using an integrated strong connection.

[0028] 2. The in-hole guiding device is made into standard sections by connecting screws, and can be assembled and combined according to the height of the excavation face; the locking device can be flexibly set according to the height of the excavation face, and one or more can be set to meet the requirements of cutting the perimeter of the slope.

[0029] 3. A cross-shaped four-way auxiliary fixing system is used to set ground anchors at the orifice of the guide device inside the hole to fix the outer end of the guide device inside the hole, ensuring the stability of the guide device inside the hole and ensuring the continuity and efficiency of the cutting operation. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling arrangement for the slope excavation opening line in this invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the placement of the in-hole guide device in this invention.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a set of cutting units in this invention.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another set of cutting units in this invention.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the completion of cutting all the cutting units in this invention.

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 7 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view at point A.

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the locking plate in this invention.

[0039] In the diagram: 1. Excavation boundary line; 2. Completed cut slope surface; 3. Excavation layers and walkway; 4. Design slope ratio; 5. Mileage marker; 6. Elevation; 7. Guide hole; 8. Guide hole number; 9. In-hole guiding device; 9-1. Locking mechanism; 9-2. Borehole guide wheel; 10. Wire saw; 11. Out-of-hole guide wheel; 12. Wire saw main unit. Drilling depth H; Completed cutting depth h; Hole diameter D; Wire saw cutting direction a; One set of cutting units b; Wire saw forward movement direction c; All cutting units d; Another set of cutting units b1; One set of cutting units b2 completed. Detailed Implementation

[0040] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a method for wire sawing the excavation surface of a rock slope includes the following steps:

[0041] S1: Arrange a row of boreholes along the slope excavation opening line, numbered sequentially as ①, ②, ③, ④...n. The borehole diameter is D, the axis of the borehole is parallel to the slope line and remains vertical, and the depth of the borehole is determined according to the excavation layer height.

[0042] S2: Measure and mark the location of the boreholes, record the elevation of the borehole opening for each borehole, and calculate the depth of each borehole based on the excavation layer height and borehole angle;

[0043] S3: Position the drilling rig, align the drill bit with the hole position, and adjust the drilling angle to match the slope line;

[0044] S4: Each borehole is drilled to the designed layer elevation to form the corresponding guide hole 7;

[0045] S5: Place the guide device 9 with the wire saw 10 inserted into the bottom of the adjacent guide hole 7 in sequence. After adjusting the direction of the bottom guide wheel 9-2 to be consistent with the cutting surface, lock the position of the guide device 9 with the locking mechanism 9-1. The guide device 9 remains fixed in the guide hole 7. According to the actual situation on site, two or more adjacent holes are used as a cutting unit.

[0046] S6: Connect the wire saw 10 (diamond bead steel wire rope) with the two holes at the beginning and end of a cutting unit to the wire saw host 12 to form a circuit; at this time, one section of the wire saw 10 is in contact with the upper end, left side and right side of the slope unit to be cut.

[0047] S7: Adjust the initial position of the wire saw main unit 12 and tension the wire saw 10. After checking and confirming safety, start the wire saw main unit 12 to begin cutting. The initial cutting state is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the wire saw 10 cuts the upper, left, and right sides of the slope unit. While cutting, the wire saw main unit 12 moves to one side to continue tensioning the wire saw 10. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the intermediate state in which two sets of cutting units (b1) are cut simultaneously. Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the final state, showing the two sets of cutting units (b1) cutting to the excavation layer and the walkway 3.

[0048] After the slope surface is cut, the rock within the excavation area is excavated using conventional stepped drilling and blasting.

[0049] Preferably, the cutting range of a slope surface in one pass is determined based on the area of ​​the slope layers; smaller areas are cut in one pass, while larger areas are cut in sections. The cutting range in one pass mainly depends on the power of the wire saw cutting machine and the strength of the diamond bead wire rope, as well as the economical cutting circumference that matches them.

[0050] Preferably, one or more wire saws can be deployed to cut the slope simultaneously, depending on the size of the slope area. Simultaneous cutting can complete a larger area of ​​the slope within a limited time, thereby accelerating the construction progress and creating conditions for subsequent blasting excavation as soon as possible.

[0051] Preferably, the slope is excavated in layers from top to bottom, using the same method until the entire slope excavation is completed.

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, the in-hole guide device 9 includes a main body 9-3, a locking mechanism 9-1 on the main body 9-3, and a rod bottom guide wheel 9-2 installed at the bottom of the main body 9-3. Here, the main body 9-3 is rod-shaped.

[0053] like Figure 7 As shown, the locking mechanism 9-1 includes a slide block 9.1.1 slidably fitted onto the main body 9-3. Locking plates 9.1.2 are hinged to the left and right sides or front and rear sides of the slide block 9.1.1. Locking plates 9.1.2 hang vertically downwards naturally when not under force; when under force and open, the lower end of the locking plates 9.1.2 can fit against the side wall of the guide hole 7. A threaded section 9.1.3 is provided on the main body 9-3 below the slide block 9.1.1. A frustum 9.1.4 is threadedly connected to the threaded section 9.1.3, so that when the main body 9-3 moves up and down, it can drive the frustum 9.1.4 to move up and down. The smaller diameter end of the frustum 9.1.4 faces the slide block 9.1.1, so that when the main body 9-3 moves upwards relative to the slide block 9.1.1 or the slide block 9.1.1 moves downwards relative to the main body 9-3, the locking plates 9.1.2 will open.

[0054] The frustum 9.1.4 has a through hole at its center, and a first nut is welded to the lower end of the frustum 9.1.4. During installation, the frustum 9.1.4 is threadedly connected to the threaded section 9.1.3 via the first nut.

[0055] A limiting nut 9.1.5 is threadedly connected to the upper end of the slide block 9.1.1 on the main body 9-3. The limiting nut 9.1.5 and the frustum 9.1.4 can limit the upper and lower movement of the slide block 9.1.1.

[0056] like Figure 8 As shown, the lower end of the locking plate 9.1.2 is provided with a serrated locking part 9.1.6, which is an arc-shaped structure that matches the guide hole 7 and has teeth. This can improve the locking and fixing ability.

[0057] When the two locking plates 9.1.2 are arranged front and back, the tensioning wire saw 10 passes around the bottom guide wheel 9-2 of the pole to the left and right; when the two locking plates 9.1.2 are arranged left and right, the tensioning wire saw 10 passes around the bottom guide wheel 9-2 of the pole to the front and back. This ensures that the tensioning wire saw 10 and the two locking plates 9.1.2 do not interfere with each other, thus avoiding affecting the normal operation of the tensioning wire saw 10.

[0058] The slide block 9.1.1 is equipped with a lifting rope 9.1.7. When the guide device 9 is inserted into the guide hole 7, the lifting rope 9.1.7 lifts the slide block 9.1.1. This ensures that the locking plate 9.1.2 is in a vertical and closed state during insertion, preventing jamming. When it is necessary to remove the guide device 9, the slide block 9.1.1 can be lifted again.

[0059] Working principle of the in-hole guide device 9:

[0060] When the guide device 9 is inserted into the guide hole 7, the lifting rope 9.1.7 is lifted, and the lifting rope 9.1.7 drives the slide 9.1.1 to move upward relative to the main body 9-3. The upper end of the slide 9.1.1 contacts the limit nut 9.1.5, and the locking plate 9.1.2 moves away from the frustum 9.1.4 and remains vertical. When the lower end of the guide device 9 contacts the bottom of the guide hole 7, the lifting rope 9.1.7 is released, and the slide 9.1.1 falls under the action of gravitational potential energy. After the locking plate 9.1.2 contacts the frustum 9.1.4, the locking plate 9.1.2 gradually opens and finally locks itself close to the side wall of the guide hole 7. The locking force is determined by the height from which the slide 9.1.1 falls. The farther the slide 9.1.1 is lifted relative to the frustum 9.1.4, the faster it falls to the frustum 9.1.4, the greater its gravitational potential energy, the greater its downward impact force, and the greater the locking force generated when it falls to the frustum 9.1.4, resulting in a more secure fixation. After use, pull the lifting rope 9.1.7, and the slide 9.1.1 moves upward relative to the main body 9-3. The locking plate 9.1.2 disengages from the frustum 9.1.4 and the side wall of the guide hole 7, and hangs naturally vertically in an unloaded state, allowing the guide device 9 inside the hole to be removed again.

Claims

1. A method for wire saw cutting of rock slope excavation surface, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Arrange a row of boreholes along the excavation opening line of the slope, numbered sequentially as ①, ②, ③, ④...n; the borehole depth is determined according to the excavation layer height; S2: Measure and mark out the drilling locations, record the elevation of each borehole opening, and calculate the depth of each borehole based on the excavation layer height and drilling angle; S3: Position the drilling rig, align the drill bit with the hole position, and adjust the drilling angle to match the slope line; S4: Each borehole is drilled to the designed layer elevation to form the corresponding guide hole (7). S5: Place the guide device (9) with the wire saw (10) already inserted into the bottom of the adjacent guide hole (7) in sequence, adjust the direction of the guide wheel (9-2) at the bottom of the guide device (9) to be consistent with the cutting surface, and then fix the guide device (9); according to the actual situation on site, take two or more adjacent holes as a cutting unit. S6: The wire saw (10) with two holes at the beginning and end of a cutting unit is led out of the drilled hole, passes around the guide wheel (11) outside the hole, and is connected to the wire saw host (12) to form a loop; S7: Adjust the initial position of the wire saw main unit (12) and tension the wire saw (10). After checking and confirming safety, start the wire saw main unit (12) to begin cutting. The in-hole guide device (9) includes a main body (9-3), a locking mechanism (9-1) is installed on the main body (9-3), the locking mechanism (9-1) is locked or disengaged from the guide hole (7), and a rod bottom guide wheel (9-2) is installed at the bottom of the main body (9-3).

2. The method for wire saw cutting of rock slope excavation surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking mechanism (9-1) includes a slide seat that is slidably sleeved on the main body (9-3). 9.1.1), the slide (9.1.1) has locking plates (9.1.2) hinged to both sides, and the main body (9-3) below the slide (9.1.1) has a threaded section. 9.1.3), the frustum (9.1.4) is threadedly connected to the threaded section (9.1.3); the smaller diameter end of the frustum (9.1.4) faces the slide (9.1.1).

3. The method for wire saw cutting of rock slope excavation surface according to claim 2, characterized in that: The frustum (9.1.4) has a through hole in the center, and a first nut is welded to the lower end of the frustum (9.1.4). The first nut is threadedly connected to the threaded section (9.1.3).

4. The method for wire saw cutting of rock slope excavation surface according to claim 3, characterized in that: A limit nut is threadedly connected to the upper end of the slide block (9.1.1) on the main body (9-3). 9.1.5）。 5. The method for wire saw cutting of rock slope excavation surface according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower end of the locking plate (9.1.2) is provided with a serrated locking part (9.1.6), which is an arc-shaped structure that matches the guide hole (7).

6. The method for wire saw cutting of rock slope excavation surface according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the two locking plates (9.1.2) are arranged in front and behind, the tensioning wire saw (10) passes around the bottom guide wheel (9-2) of the pole in the left and right directions; when the two locking plates (9.1.2) are arranged in the left and right directions, the tensioning wire saw (10) passes around the bottom guide wheel (9-2) of the pole in front and behind.

7. A method for cutting the surface of a rock slope using a wire saw as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The slide (9.1.1) is equipped with a lifting rope (9.1.7).

8. The method for wire saw cutting of rock slope excavation surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: Depending on the size of the slope area, one or more wire saws can be deployed to cut the slope simultaneously.

9. A method for wire sawing the excavation surface of a rock slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slope is excavated in layers from top to bottom, and steps S1-S7 are repeated until the entire slope excavation is completed.

Images