Drilling, sealing and injecting integrated anchor rod drilling intelligent monitoring system and method

Abstract

According to the drilling, sealing and injecting integrated anchor rod drilling intelligent monitoring system and method, a rod body is sequentially provided with a head-section wave-shaped threaded section, a middle-section large threaded section and a tail-section wave-shaped threaded section from the head end to the tail end, and a grouting channel is formed in the axis of the rod body; the drill bit and the round nut are respectively mounted at the head and tail ends of the rod body; the anti-shearing tray, the constant-torque pressing sheet and the hexagon nut are arranged on the outer side of the tail-section wave-shaped thread section in a sleeving manner; the built-in mixer is inserted into the grouting channel; the drilling machine is connected with the drilling, sealing and injecting anchor rod through a monitoring sensor arranged outside the hexagon nut in a sleeving mode. A strain type force sensor, a rotating speed sensor, a high-frequency vibration sensor, a well deviation instrument and a load sensor are arranged in the monitoring sensor. The method comprises the steps that a drilling machine rotates forwards to drive a drill bit to conduct drilling operation, deslagging operation is conducted synchronously, and in the drilling process, various sensors are used for collecting various parameters in real time; pre-tightening is conducted through reverse rotation of the drilling machine; a built-in mixer is used for grouting operation; and blocking treatment. According to the system and the method, the operation process can be intelligently monitored.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent support, and in particular relates to an intelligent monitoring system and method for drilling, sealing and injection-integrated anchor bolts. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of mine support technology, the application of integrated drilling, sealing and grouting anchor support technology in the field of tunnel support is becoming more and more extensive, especially in complex environments such as mines and underground projects. The integrated drilling, sealing and grouting anchor support technology integrates the three operations of drilling, grouting and anchoring into one system, which can not only significantly improve the construction efficiency, but also enhance the stability and safety of the support structure. Compared with the traditional single anchor construction method, the integrated drilling, sealing and grouting technology can effectively solve the various challenges brought about by the complex geological conditions and high equipment precision requirements during the construction process while achieving the support effect.

[0003] However, during the construction of integrated anchor bolts, the construction parameters are complex and varied. How to monitor various indicators in the construction process in real time and accurately to ensure the coordination and accurate execution of the drilling, grouting and anchoring processes has become a key problem in the current technological development. Traditional monitoring methods mostly rely on manual inspection and simple physical measurement equipment, which not only increases labor costs, but also has problems such as delayed monitoring data, incomplete information, and inability to adjust in real time.

[0004] Therefore, the introduction of intelligent monitoring technology has become an important direction to solve this problem. By integrating sensors, data acquisition systems, wireless communications and intelligent analysis technologies, it is possible to conduct real-time monitoring and data analysis of key parameters in the drilling, sealing and injection integrated anchor construction process, thereby achieving accurate control of construction quality and safety conditions. However, the existing intelligent monitoring devices usually have the following limitations: the monitoring system has a single function, unstable information transmission, and low integration of equipment and systems, which makes it difficult to fully and real-time feedback on the construction status during the construction process, thus affecting the construction effect and the overall safety of the project.

[0005] Therefore, the development of an intelligent monitoring system that can integrate multiple monitoring functions and provide real-time feedback on the construction processes such as drilling, grouting, and anchoring is of great significance for improving the accuracy, efficiency, and safety of integrated drilling, sealing, and grouting anchor construction. Summary of the invention

[0006] In response to the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention provides an intelligent monitoring system and method for drilling, sealing and grouting integrated anchor drilling. The system has a high degree of intelligence and various monitoring functions. It can analyze and judge the operating status of the drill bit and the rod body, the structure and differences of the drilling medium through online real-time monitoring, which is beneficial to improving the drilling efficiency and at the same time, can help ensure the safety of the drilling operation. The construction process of this method is simple and convenient, and the degree of intelligence is high. It can reliably monitor each operation link and can provide real-time feedback of monitoring data during the construction process of drilling, grouting, anchoring, etc., which is of great significance to improving the accuracy, efficiency and safety of the drilling, sealing and grouting integrated anchor construction. The use of this method for construction can effectively improve the construction efficiency of the support construction and at the same time, can significantly improve the support effect.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides an intelligent monitoring system for drilling and sealing and grouting integrated anchor bolts, including a drilling and sealing and grouting anchor bolt, a monitoring sensor, a drilling rig, an alarm reminder module and a test host;

[0008] The drill-seal-injection anchor rod comprises a rod body, a drill bit, an anti-shear tray, a fixed-torsion pressing plate, a hexagonal nut, a round nut and a built-in mixer;

[0009] The axis of the rod body has an axially penetrating grouting channel, and its outer surface is a continuous thread structure, and is divided into a first section of a wavy thread segment, a middle section of a large thread segment and a final section of a wavy thread segment from the head end to the tail end; wherein the outer diameters of the first section of the wavy thread segment and the final section of the wavy thread segment are both smaller than the outer diameter of the middle section of the large thread segment; a front section of a spiral slag discharge channel is formed in the first section of the wavy thread segment; a rear section of a spiral slag discharge channel is formed in the middle section of the large thread segment; the drill bit is installed at the head end of the rod body, and the head end of the drill bit has a drill bit slurry outlet connected to the grouting channel; at the same time, the outer diameter of the drill bit is larger than the outer diameter of the first section of the wavy thread segment and smaller than the outer diameter of the middle section of the large thread segment; the anchor hole part in the center of the anti-shear tray is a tubular structure that protrudes axially and has a continuously tapered inner and outer diameters, the inner diameter of the anchor hole is larger than the outer diameter of the final section of the wavy thread segment and smaller than the outer diameter of the middle section of the large thread segment, and the anti-shear tray is slidably mounted on the final section of the wavy thread segment through the anchor hole. The outside of the fixed torque pressure plate is a hollow flat-bottomed spherical crown, and a mounting hole is opened in the center of its top; the fixed torque pressure plate is slidably mounted on the outside of the last section of the corrugated threaded section through the mounting hole, and it is closer to the end of the rod body than the anti-shear tray; the hexagonal nut is mounted on the outside of the last section of the corrugated threaded section through threaded cooperation, and it is closer to the end of the rod body than the fixed torque pressure plate; the outer diameter of the circular nut is smaller than the outer diameter of the hexagonal nut; the circular nut is coaxially fixed and welded to the end of the rod body, and its internal thread cavity is smoothly connected to the grouting channel; the main body of the built-in mixer is a rod-shaped structure, and an external thread structure matching the circular nut is arranged on the outer surface; an axially penetrating mixing chamber is arranged at the axis center of the built-in mixer, and a partition grid for dividing the radial space of the mixing chamber is fixedly installed inside the mixing chamber; the built-in mixer is connected to the inside of the circular nut through threaded cooperation, and its head end extends into the grouting channel;

[0010] The monitoring sensor comprises a rod-shaped connector, a strain-type force sensor, a rotation speed sensor, a high-frequency vibration sensor, a well inclination meter, a load sensor and a control mainboard; an inner hexagonal connecting hole is provided at the axis center of the front section of the rod-shaped connector, an outer hexagonal connector is fixedly connected to the axis center of the rear end thereof, and an installation cavity is provided inside the middle section; the size and shape of the inner hexagonal connecting hole are adapted to the size and shape of the outer contour of the hexagonal nut; the monitoring sensor is sleeved on the outside of the hexagonal nut through the inner hexagonal connecting hole at the front end; the strain-type force sensor is fixedly installed at the inner end of the inner hexagonal connecting hole and is connected to the control mainboard for collecting the rod The propulsion force signal of the body; the speed sensor, high-frequency vibration sensor, well inclination meter and load sensor are all installed in the installation cavity and connected to the control mainboard, and are respectively used to collect the speed signal of the drilling and sealing anchor rod, the high-frequency vibration signal of the drilling and sealing anchor rod, the drilling angle signal of the drilling and sealing anchor rod and the torque signal of the drilling and sealing anchor rod; the control mainboard is connected to the main control chip and the wireless communication module; the wireless communication module is used to establish a wireless communication connection between the main control chip and the outside world; the main control chip is respectively connected to the strain force sensor, the speed sensor, the high-frequency vibration sensor, the well inclination meter, the load sensor and the wireless communication module;

[0011] The output end of the drilling rig has an internal hexagonal connector, and the size and shape of the internal hexagonal connector are adapted to the size and shape of the outer contour of the external hexagonal connector at the rear end of the monitoring sensor, and the internal hexagonal connector is sleeved on the outside of the external hexagonal connector at the rear end of the monitoring sensor;

[0012] The alarm reminder module is used to perform a voice alarm reminder action;

[0013] The monitoring host is connected to the monitoring sensor, the drilling rig and the alarm reminder module respectively.

[0014] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the limiting during the assembly process, an annular limiting boss is provided on the external fixing sleeve at the end of the built-in mixer.

[0015] Furthermore, in order to reduce the manufacturing cost of the built-in mixer, the built-in mixer is made of nylon and is manufactured by grouting molding.

[0016] Furthermore, in order to ensure the overall bearing strength of the anchor rod and to ensure the later support effect, the lengths of the first wave thread section, the middle large thread section and the last wave thread section account for 3 / 5, 1 / 5 and 1 / 5 of the rod length respectively.

[0017] Furthermore, in order to improve the drilling efficiency, the drill bit is a three-wing drill bit.

[0018] Furthermore, in order to achieve stress homogenization and ensure the support effect during long-term use, the edge parts of the anti-shear tray and the anchor hole parts are transitionally connected through a variable diameter section, and 5 to 8 longitudinal ribs are evenly arranged on the circumference of the variable diameter section.

[0019] As a preference, the monitoring host is provided with a display screen.

[0020] In the present invention, by making the outer diameter of the drill bit fixedly installed at the front end of the rod body larger than the outer diameter of the first section of the corrugated thread section and smaller than the outer diameter of the small middle section and large thread section, the drill bit can be used to form a larger hole diameter relative to the first section of the corrugated thread section during the drilling process, thereby effectively reducing the friction and resistance between the first section of the corrugated thread section and the hole wall when advancing, thereby reducing the stress strength of the first section of the corrugated thread section, so that the rod body strength of the first section of the corrugated thread section can be guaranteed, and at the same time, the high cutting performance of the drill bit can be fully utilized to quickly crush the coal rock into small particles, and the annular gap between the first section of the corrugated thread section and the hole wall can be used to timely transport the slag and debris to the position of the middle section and large thread section, thereby improving the slag and chip removal efficiency, effectively preventing the drill from getting stuck due to untimely slag or chip removal, and ensuring the continuity and efficiency of drilling. Furthermore, the largest outer diameter of the middle large thread section can be used for hole expansion. At the same time, the outer edge of the middle large thread section can be fully fitted with the hole wall to achieve a dense plugging effect on the hole. In this way, during the pumping grouting process, the middle large thread section can be used to effectively plug the slurry to prevent the slurry from leaking out, and it can also play a role in maintaining pressure, which is conducive to the continuous injection of slurry to extend more efficiently into the depths of the surrounding rock cracks, which can significantly improve the filling effect, thereby achieving a more effective reinforcement effect. The drill bit is provided with a drill bit outlet connected to the grouting channel in the rod body, so that subsequent grouting operations can be conveniently performed after the drilling operation is completed. The anchor hole of the anti-shear tray is made into a continuous and gradually shrinking tubular structure, and the diameter of the anchor hole is larger than the outer diameter of the last wave-shaped threaded section, so that the rod body can have a certain swinging free space during construction, so that the angle of the anchor hole can be adjusted to match the bending angle of the rod body by rotating the tray during drilling, thereby leaving a certain activity space for the rod body, which can effectively reduce the shear force of the anti-shear tray on the rod body and effectively protect the rod body; at the same time, this structure can evenly spread the stress borne by the anchor hole part to the edges around the anti-shear tray during the support process, and act on the rock surface at the hole mouth, thereby increasing the bearing capacity of the anti-shear tray and achieving stress homogenization. Since the fixed torque pressure plate can reach a flattened state under the action of a set preload pressure, a fixed torque pressure plate is set on one side of the end of the anti-shear tray, so that it can intuitively judge whether the applied preload pressure reaches the set preload pressure, thereby intuitively judging the state of the preload force, which is conducive to simplifying the construction process.A round nut is fixedly welded at the end of the rod body, and the threaded cavity of the round nut is smoothly connected with the grouting channel of the rod body. At the same time, a hexagonal nut is arranged between the fixed torque pressure plate and the round nut. On the one hand, the round nut can be used as a limit block of the hexagonal nut, thereby limiting the retreat stroke of the hexagonal nut, thereby locking the retreat stroke of the hexagonal nut. In this way, when the drilling rig provides a clockwise driving force and drives the hexagonal nut to rotate through the monitoring sensor, the round nut can resist and limit the retreat stroke of the hexagonal nut, and can apply the continuously acting torque to Rod body and drill bit, so as to realize drilling operation. In addition, after the anchoring of the rod body is completed, the reverse drilling rig can be used to drive the hexagonal nut to reverse, so as to realize the pre-tightening function of the fixed torque pressing plate and the anti-shear tray by using the hexagonal nut. This design method realizes the dual functions of the forward drilling and reverse pre-tightening of the drilling rig, which not only reduces the operation process of the intermediate links, but also significantly improves the construction efficiency and ensures the stability and reliability of the anchor installation process; on the other hand, the built-in mixer with an external thread structure can be firmly assembled on the inner side of the end of the rod body through the circular nut through the nut. The interior of the built-in mixer is provided with a mixing chamber, and a partition grid is provided in the mixing chamber. The synergistic effect of the partition grid and the grouting pressure can be fully utilized in the grouting process to crush the large particles again, and the mixed slurry can be mixed twice, so that the slurry is mixed more fully, which greatly increases the permeability of the slurry. In the case of preventing slurry blockage, it can also help to fill the slurry into deeper cracks. The drill-seal-injection anchor rod has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and reliable support capacity. It can realize drilling, hole sealing, and hole grouting reinforcement operations in an integrated manner. It not only effectively solves the slurry blocking problem in surrounding rock grouting reinforcement, but also effectively reduces the shear force of the tray on the rod body. At the same time, it can intuitively judge whether the preload force meets the required requirements, effectively ensuring the strength and support effect of the support, and providing reliable technical guarantees for the stable control of the surrounding rock. The front end of the rod-shaped connector of the monitoring sensor is provided with an inner hexagonal connection hole and the rear end is provided with an outer hexagonal connector. It is convenient to put the front end of the monitoring sensor on the outside of the hexagonal nut through the inner hexagonal connection hole. At the same time, it is convenient to use the outer hexagonal connector to plug the rear end of the monitoring sensor with the inner hexagonal connector at the front end of the drilling rig. Installing a strain type force sensor at the end of the hexagonal connecting hole can facilitate real-time collection of the propulsion force signals of the rod body and the drill bit during the drilling process, and then facilitate the monitoring host to obtain the propulsion force data. In this way, according to the continuous change of the propulsion force data during the drilling process, it is possible to accurately judge whether the drill is stuck or jumped, and then it is easy to find the drill stuck or jumped in time, so that relevant personnel can take effective countermeasures in time to avoid damage to the drilling rig.By setting a speed sensor in the monitoring sensor, it is convenient to collect the speed signals of the rod body and the drill bit in real time during the operation, so that the motion state of the rod body and the drill bit can be accurately judged according to the continuous change of the speed data. Since the rod body and the monitoring sensor are in the same frequency vibration state during the drilling process, by setting a high-frequency vibration sensor in the monitoring sensor, it is convenient to collect the high-frequency vibration signals of the rod body and the drill bit in real time, and then obtain the high-frequency vibration data, and further obtain the drilling speed data, drilling acceleration data and drilling displacement data of the rod body and the drill bit according to the continuous change of the high-frequency vibration data. By setting a well inclination meter in the monitoring sensor, the drilling angle signal can be collected in real time during the drilling process, and then the drilling inclination angle data can be obtained. Therefore, the motion trajectory of the rod body and the drill bit can be perceived in real time, and the drilling method can be adjusted in time when the motion trajectory deviates to ensure the quality of the borehole. By setting a load sensor in the monitoring sensor, it is convenient to collect the torque signals of the rod body and the drill bit in real time during the drilling process, and then the torque data can be obtained, and the power data of the drilling rig can be obtained according to the torque data, which is conducive to sensing the motion state of the drilling rig. In addition, the monitoring host can combine the motion state of the rod and the drill bit, the drilling speed data, the drilling acceleration data, the drilling displacement data, and the power data of the drilling rig to conduct real-time analysis of the differences in the drilling medium during the drilling process, and then comprehensively judge and identify the changes in the rock formation and the development of the surrounding rock cracks, and can realize real-time judgment of the parameters such as the strength, integrity, and stress state of each point in the rock formation, so that corresponding countermeasures can be selected when an abnormality occurs. In this way, intelligent monitoring of the drilling process and intelligent analysis of the surrounding rock state can be realized, and related problems in the tunnel support can be prevented in advance. By setting the main control chip and the wireless communication module in the monitoring sensor, it is convenient to send the various collected signals to the monitoring host in real time by wireless means, so that the monitoring host can process various signals in time. Through the setting of the alarm reminder module, it is convenient to perform automatic voice alarm actions according to the control of the monitoring host when an abnormal situation occurs, so that relevant personnel can be reminded in time to take effective countermeasures.

[0021] The "intelligent monitoring system for drilling integrated anchor bolts" proposed in this invention aims to achieve comprehensive monitoring and intelligent analysis of the entire process of drilling integrated anchor bolt construction through innovative technical solutions, thereby effectively solving the limitations of drilling monitoring systems in the existing technology and helping to promote the development of drilling integrated anchor bolt support technology in a more intelligent and automated direction. The system has a high degree of intelligence and diverse monitoring functions. It can analyze and judge the operating status of the drill bit and the rod body, the structure and differences of the drilling medium through online real-time monitoring, which is conducive to improving drilling efficiency and ensuring the safety of drilling operations.

[0022] The present invention also provides a drilling, sealing and injection-integrated anchor bolt drilling intelligent monitoring method, which adopts a drilling, sealing and injection-integrated anchor bolt drilling intelligent monitoring system, comprising the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: Select the intended construction location on the rock surface;

[0024] Step 2: Sleeve the inner hexagonal connector on the drilling rig onto the outside of the outer hexagonal connector at the rear end of the monitoring sensor. At the same time, sleeve the inner hexagonal connection hole at the front end of the monitoring sensor onto the outside of the hexagonal nut from the end of the drilling and sealing anchor rod.

[0025] Step 3: Establish the connection between the test host and the monitoring sensor and drilling rig;

[0026] Step 4: Use the drill to provide a clockwise driving force, so that the monitoring sensor synchronously drives the hexagonal nut to rotate toward the end of the rod body. When the hexagonal nut reaches a state of contact with the round nut, the round nut performs a rear limit lock on the hexagonal nut and transmits the torque to the rod body and the drill bit, thereby synchronously driving the rod body and the drill bit to perform high-speed drilling operations;

[0027] In the initial stage of drilling, the drill bit is used to crush large pieces of coal and rock in the direction of travel. At the same time, the rotating front-stage spiral slag discharge channel is used to discharge the generated slag and debris out of the hole, thereby realizing preliminary drilling slag and chip removal operations. As the drilling operation continues, the rod body continues to drill deeper. When the first section of the corrugated thread section completely enters the hole, the rotation speed of the drill rig is controlled to decrease, and the middle section of the large thread section is slowly driven into the hole. The outer edge surface of the middle section of the large thread section is in close contact with the hole wall to carry out the hole expansion operation. At the same time, the rotating rear-stage spiral slag discharge channel is used to receive the slag and debris discharged from the front-stage spiral slag discharge channel, and the slag and debris are discharged out of the hole, thereby realizing subsequent drilling slag and chip removal operations. When the large threaded section of the first section completely enters the hole, continue to apply torque through the drilling rig until the end of the large threaded section of the middle section completely enters the hole, stop drilling, and control the drilling rig to rotate in the opposite direction to provide a counterclockwise driving force, so that the monitoring sensor synchronously drives the hexagonal nut to rotate in the opposite direction toward the hole, and gradually pushes the fixed torque pressing plate toward the anti-shear tray until the head end of the fixed torque pressing plate is compacted on the end of the anti-shear tray, and the front end of the anti-shear tray is tightly pressed on the surface of the rock wall, and continue to apply torque through the drilling rig to cause the fixed torque pressing plate to continue to deform. When the fixed torque pressing plate reaches a flattened state, it is determined that the set preload state is reached, and the drilling rig is controlled to stop applying torque, and the drilling rig is removed to complete the installation of the drill-sealed anchor rod;

[0028] At each stage of drilling, the speed sensor is used to collect the speed signal of the drilling and sealing anchor rod in real time and send it to the main control chip. The strain pressure sensor is used to collect the propulsion force signal of the drilling and sealing anchor rod in real time and send it to the main control chip in real time. The high-frequency vibration sensor is used to collect the high-frequency vibration signal of the drilling and sealing anchor rod in real time and send it to the main control chip in real time. The well inclination meter is used to collect the drilling angle signal of the drilling and sealing anchor rod in real time and send it to the main control chip. The load sensor is used to collect the torque signal of the drilling and sealing anchor rod in real time and send it to the main control chip in real time. The main control chip receives the speed signal, propulsion force signal, high-frequency vibration signal, drilling angle signal and torque signal. After receiving the signal, it is sent to the monitoring host through the wireless communication module; the monitoring host obtains the rotation speed data of the rod body and the drill bit according to the rotation speed signal, and determines the movement state of the rod body and the drill bit according to the continuous change of the rotation speed data; the monitoring host obtains the propulsion force data of the rod body and the drill bit according to the propulsion force signal, and determines whether the drill is stuck or jumped according to the continuous change of the propulsion force data during the drilling process. At the same time, when it is determined that the drill is stuck or jumped, the speed of the drilling rig is controlled to be reduced, and at the same time, the alarm reminder module is controlled to issue a voice alarm reminder of drill stuck and drill jumped, until the drill is stuck and drill jumped. The rotation speed of the drilling rig is restored when the drill disappears; the monitoring host is based on the high-frequency vibration The high-frequency vibration data of the rod body and the drill bit are obtained according to the vibration signal, and the drilling speed data, drilling acceleration data and drilling displacement data of the rod body and the drill bit are obtained according to the continuous change of the high-frequency vibration data; the monitoring host obtains the angle difference between the rod body and the drill bit and the vertical direction according to the drilling angle signal, and then obtains the inclination angle data of the borehole and the movement trajectory of the rod body. When the inclination angle data of the borehole and the movement trajectory of the rod body deviate, the rotation speed of the drilling rig is controlled to be reduced. At the same time, the control alarm reminder module issues a trajectory deviation voice alarm reminder until the rotation speed of the drilling rig is restored when the movement trajectory returns to normal; the monitoring host (8) obtains the torque data of the rod body according to the torque signal, and The power data of the drilling rig is obtained according to the torque data; the monitoring host (8) combines the motion state of the rod body and the drill bit, the drilling speed data, the drilling acceleration data, the drilling displacement data, and the power data of the drilling rig to perform real-time analysis on the difference of the drilling medium during the drilling process, so as to understand the stratification of the rock formation in real time during the drilling process, and obtain the rock formation distribution data, and finally achieve the purpose of identifying the rock formation, and obtain the complete situation data of the internal surrounding rock; after obtaining the rock formation distribution data, the monitoring host adjusts different drilling parameters according to the different rock formations during the drilling process, so as to control the drilling rig to make adaptive adjustments according to different working conditions, so as to achieve efficient and safe drilling operations;

[0029] Step 5: Carry out grouting operation;

[0030] S51: fully stir the slurry to ensure that the uniformity and fluidity of the slurry meet the grouting requirements; connect the pressure sensor to the grouting pipeline, and then connect the two ends of the grouting pipe to the slurry outlet of the grouting pump and the end of the built-in mixer respectively; respectively establish connections between the monitoring host and the grouting pump and the pressure sensor;

[0031] S52: Use a grouting pump to pass the stirred slurry through the grouting pipe into the mixing chamber of the built-in mixer. Under the action of the partition grid, the slurry is further mixed evenly in the mixing chamber, and then transported to the drill bit outlet through the grouting channel. Then, it enters the deep hole from the drill bit outlet. In this process, a pressure sensor is used to collect grouting pressure signals in real time and send them to the monitoring host. The monitoring host obtains grouting pressure data according to the grouting pressure signal, and uses the outer edge of the large threaded section in the middle section to fit in with the hole wall to achieve a dense plugging of the hole, thereby playing a grouting pressure maintenance role during the grouting process. Under the action of pressure maintenance, the slurry continues to enter and fill the entire hole, and gradually enters the deep cracks to achieve effective plugging of the cracks. During the entire grouting process, the monitoring host controls the grouting amount according to the internal surrounding rock integrity data to achieve efficient and high-quality grouting operations;

[0032] S53: When the grouting pressure data suddenly increases, the monitoring host controls the grouting pump to stop the grouting operation, removes the grouting pipe, and then seals the end of the built-in mixer.

[0033] As a preferred embodiment, in step four, after the monitoring host obtains the rotational speed data, propulsion force data, high-frequency vibration data, drilling speed data, drilling acceleration data, drilling displacement data, drilling inclination angle data, torque data and power data, it displays them in real time through the display screen.

[0034] In the present invention, the connection between the drill-sealed anchor rod and the drilling rig is established by using a monitoring sensor, and the locking function of the circular nut on the hexagonal nut's backward stroke can be fully utilized to drive the drilling operation to proceed efficiently. At the same time, the front and rear spiral slag discharge channels can be used to timely discharge the slag and debris generated during the drilling process from the orifice, thereby avoiding the occurrence of drill jams and effectively ensuring the smooth progress of the drilling process. In addition, the hexagonal nut can be pushed toward the orifice by changing the driving direction, and the fixed torque pressing plate and the anti-shear tray can be pressed against the orifice. Since the fixed torque pressing plate can reach a flattened state when it reaches a set prestressed state, when the hexagonal nut is used to apply a pretightening force to the fixed torque pressing plate, it can be intuitively observed whether the pretightening state is reached. In each stage of drilling, the speed signal, propulsion force signal, high-frequency vibration signal, drilling angle signal and torque signal are collected respectively, so as to obtain the speed data of the rod body and drill bit, the propulsion force data of the rod body and drill bit, high-frequency vibration data, drilling speed data, drilling acceleration data, drilling displacement data, drilling inclination angle data, torque data and power data. Thus, the movement state and movement trajectory of the rod body and drill bit during the drilling process can be fully sensed. At the same time, it can also accurately determine whether there are abnormal situations such as trajectory deviation and drilling angle inclination. When an abnormal situation occurs, the alarm action is performed through the alarm reminder module, which can facilitate timely reminders to relevant personnel so that they can take effective countermeasures in time. In addition, the monitoring host can combine the movement state of the rod and the drill bit, the drilling speed data, the drilling acceleration data, the drilling displacement data, and the power data of the drilling rig to conduct real-time analysis of the differences in the drilling medium during the drilling process, so as to understand the stratification of the rock formation in real time during the drilling process and obtain the rock formation distribution data. In this way, the monitoring host can adjust different drilling parameters according to the different distribution conditions of the rock formation, which can ensure the realization of efficient and high-quality drilling operations, and at the same time, it is conducive to improving the safety factor of the drilling operation. By connecting a pressure sensor to the grouting pipe, the grouting pressure signal can be collected in real time during the grouting process, and then the monitoring host can obtain the grouting pressure data in real time. In this way, the continuous change of the grouting pressure data can be analyzed to effectively perceive the grouting degree in the hole, and the sudden increase of the grouting pressure data can be used to perceive the end of the grouting.

[0035] The construction process of this method is simple, convenient and highly intelligent. It can reliably monitor each operation link and provide real-time feedback of monitoring data during the construction process such as drilling, grouting and anchoring. It is of great significance to improve the accuracy, efficiency and safety of integrated drilling, sealing and grouting anchor construction. The use of this method for construction can effectively improve the construction efficiency of support construction. At the same time, it can significantly improve the support effect. It has a wide range of applicability and is easy to be used on a large scale in various types of engineering support. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the monitoring system in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drill-seal-injection anchor rod in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the drill bit in the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the anti-shear tray in the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fixed-torsion pressing sheet in the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the built-in mixer in the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the monitoring sensor in the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the monitoring sensor of the present invention;

[0044] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the grouting state of the monitoring method part of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.10 It is a principle block diagram of the monitoring system part in the present invention.

[0046] In the figure: 1. rod body; 2. drill bit; 3. anti-shear tray; 4. fixed torque pressure plate; 5. hexagonal nut; 6. round nut; 7. built-in mixer; 8. test host; 9. drilling rig; 10. grouting pump; 11. monitoring sensor; 12. rod-shaped connector; 13. inner hexagonal connecting hole; 14. outer hexagonal connector; 15. strain force sensor; 16. speed sensor; 17. high-frequency vibration sensor; 18. well inclination meter; 19. load sensor; 20. first section of corrugated thread section; 21. middle section of large thread section; 22. last section of corrugated thread section; 23. drill bit slurry outlet; 24. anchor hole; 25. partition grid; 26. annular limit boss. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0048] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the present invention provides an intelligent monitoring system for drilling anchor bolts with integrated drilling, sealing and injection, including drilling anchor bolts, monitoring sensors 11, drilling rigs 9, alarm reminder modules and a test host 8;

[0049] The drill-seal-injection anchor rod comprises a rod body 1, a drill bit 2, an anti-shear tray 3, a fixed-torsion pressing plate 4, a hexagonal nut 5, a round nut 6 and a built-in mixer 7;

[0050] The shaft center of the rod body 1 has an axially penetrating grouting channel, and its outer surface is a continuous thread structure, and is divided into a first wave thread section 20, a middle large thread section 21 and a last wave thread section 22 from the head end to the tail end; wherein the outer diameter of the first wave thread section 20 and the outer diameter of the last wave thread section 22 are both smaller than the outer diameter of the middle large thread section 21; a front spiral slag discharge channel is formed in the first wave thread section 20; a rear spiral slag discharge channel is formed in the middle large thread section 21; the drill bit 2 is installed at the head end of the rod body 1, and the head end of the drill bit 2 has a drill bit grouting port 23 connected to the grouting channel; at the same time, the outer diameter of the drill bit 2 is larger than the outer diameter of the first section of the corrugated thread section 20 and smaller than the outer diameter of the middle section of the large thread section 21; the anchor hole 24 at the center of the anti-shear tray 3 is a tubular structure that protrudes axially and has a continuously tapered inner and outer diameters, and the inner diameter of the anchor hole 24 is larger than the outer diameter of the last section of the corrugated thread section 22 and smaller than the outer diameter of the middle section of the large thread section 21, and the anti-shear tray 3 is slidably mounted through the anchor hole 24 On the outside of the last section of the corrugated threaded section 22; the fixed torsion pressing plate 4 is a hollow flat-bottomed spherical crown, and a mounting hole is opened at the center of its top; the fixed torsion pressing plate 4 is slidably mounted on the outside of the last section of the corrugated threaded section 22 through the mounting hole, and it is closer to the end of the rod body 1 than the anti-shear tray 3; the hexagonal nut 5 is mounted on the outside of the last section of the corrugated threaded section 22 through threaded matching, and it is closer to the end of the rod body 1 than the fixed torsion pressing plate 4; the outer diameter of the circular nut 6 is smaller than the outer diameter of the hexagonal nut 5; the circular nut 6 is coaxially fixedly welded to the end of the rod body 1, and its internal thread cavity is smoothly connected to the grouting channel; the main body of the built-in mixer 7 is a rod-shaped structure, and an external thread structure compatible with the circular nut 6 is arranged on the outer surface; an axially through mixing chamber is arranged at the axis of the built-in mixer 7, and a partition grid 25 for dividing the radial space of the mixing chamber is fixedly installed inside the mixing chamber; the built-in mixer 7 is connected to the inside of the circular nut 6 through threaded matching, and its head end extends into the grouting channel;

[0051] The monitoring sensor 11 includes a rod-shaped connector 12, a strain force sensor 15, a rotation speed sensor 16, a high-frequency vibration sensor 17, a well inclination meter 18, a load sensor 19 and a control main board; an inner hexagonal connecting hole 13 is provided at the axis center of the front section of the rod-shaped connector 12, and an outer hexagonal connector 14 is fixedly connected to the axis center of the rear end thereof, and a mounting cavity is provided inside the middle section; as a preferred embodiment, the depth of the inner hexagonal connecting hole 13 is adapted to the length of the last section of the corrugated thread section 22;

[0052] The size and shape of the inner hexagonal connection hole 13 are compatible with the size and shape of the outer contour of the hexagonal nut 5; the monitoring sensor 11 is sleeved on the outside of the hexagonal nut 5 through the inner hexagonal connection hole 13 at the front end; the strain type force sensor 15 is fixedly installed at the inner end of the inner hexagonal connection hole 13 and connected to the control main board for collecting the propulsion force signal of the rod body; the speed sensor 16, the high-frequency vibration sensor 17, the well inclination meter 18 and the load sensor 19 are all installed in the installation cavity and connected to the control main board, respectively used to collect the speed signal of the drilling and sealing anchor rod, the high-frequency vibration signal of the drilling and sealing anchor rod, the drilling angle signal of the drilling and sealing anchor rod and the torque signal of the drilling and sealing anchor rod; the control main board is connected to a main control chip and a wireless communication module; the wireless communication module is used to establish a wireless communication connection between the main control chip and the outside world; the main control chip is respectively connected to the strain type force sensor 15, the speed sensor 16, the high-frequency vibration sensor 17, the well inclination meter 18, the load sensor 19 and the wireless communication module;

[0053] The output end of the drilling machine 9 has an internal hexagonal connector, and the size and shape of the internal hexagonal connector are adapted to the size and shape of the outer contour of the external hexagonal connector 14 at the rear end of the monitoring sensor 11, and the internal hexagonal connector is sleeved on the outside of the external hexagonal connector 14 at the rear end of the monitoring sensor 11;

[0054] The alarm reminder module is used to perform a voice alarm reminder action;

[0055] The monitoring host 8 is connected to the monitoring sensor 11, the drilling machine 9 and the alarm reminder module respectively. As a preferred embodiment, a display screen is provided on the monitoring host.

[0056] In order to facilitate limiting during the assembly process, the end of the built-in mixer 7 is fixedly sleeved with an annular limiting boss 26; in order to reduce the manufacturing cost of the built-in mixer, the built-in mixer 7 is made of nylon and is made by grouting molding.

[0057] In order to ensure the overall bearing strength of the anchor rod and to ensure the subsequent support effect, the lengths of the first wave thread section 20, the middle large thread section 21 and the last wave thread section 22 are 3 / 5, 1 / 5 and 1 / 5 of the length of the rod body 1 respectively.

[0058] In order to improve the drilling efficiency, the drill bit 2 is a three-wing drill bit, preferably a three-wing PDC drill bit.

[0059] In order to achieve stress homogenization and ensure the supporting effect during long-term use, the edge parts of the anti-shear tray 3 and the anchor hole 24 are transitionally connected through a reducing section, and 5 to 8 longitudinal ribs are evenly arranged on the circumference of the reducing section.

[0060] In the present invention, by making the outer diameter of the drill bit fixedly installed at the front end of the rod body larger than the outer diameter of the first section of the corrugated thread section and smaller than the outer diameter of the small middle section and large thread section, the drill bit can be used to form a larger hole diameter relative to the first section of the corrugated thread section during the drilling process, thereby effectively reducing the friction and resistance between the first section of the corrugated thread section and the hole wall when advancing, thereby reducing the stress strength of the first section of the corrugated thread section, so that the rod body strength of the first section of the corrugated thread section can be guaranteed, and at the same time, the high cutting performance of the drill bit can be fully utilized to quickly crush the coal rock into small particles, and the annular gap between the first section of the corrugated thread section and the hole wall can be used to timely transport the slag and debris to the position of the middle section and large thread section, thereby improving the slag and chip removal efficiency, effectively preventing the drill from getting stuck due to untimely slag or chip removal, and ensuring the continuity and efficiency of drilling. Furthermore, the largest outer diameter of the middle large thread section can be used for hole expansion. At the same time, the outer edge of the middle large thread section can be fully fitted with the hole wall to achieve a dense plugging effect on the hole. In this way, during the pumping grouting process, the middle large thread section can be used to effectively plug the slurry to prevent the slurry from leaking out, and it can also play a role in maintaining pressure, which is conducive to the continuous injection of slurry to extend more efficiently into the depths of the surrounding rock cracks, which can significantly improve the filling effect, thereby achieving a more effective reinforcement effect. The drill bit is provided with a drill bit outlet connected to the grouting channel in the rod body, so that subsequent grouting operations can be conveniently performed after the drilling operation is completed. The anchor hole of the anti-shear tray is made into a continuous and gradually shrinking tubular structure, and the diameter of the anchor hole is larger than the outer diameter of the last wave-shaped threaded section, so that the rod body can have a certain swinging free space during construction, so that the angle of the anchor hole can be adjusted to match the bending angle of the rod body by rotating the tray during drilling, thereby leaving a certain activity space for the rod body, which can effectively reduce the shear force of the anti-shear tray on the rod body and effectively protect the rod body; at the same time, this structure can evenly spread the stress borne by the anchor hole part to the edges around the anti-shear tray during the support process, and act on the rock surface at the hole mouth, thereby increasing the bearing capacity of the anti-shear tray and achieving stress homogenization. Since the fixed torque pressure plate can reach a flattened state under the action of a set preload pressure, a fixed torque pressure plate is set on one side of the end of the anti-shear tray, so that it can intuitively judge whether the applied preload pressure reaches the set preload pressure, thereby intuitively judging the state of the preload force, which is conducive to simplifying the construction process.A round nut is fixedly welded at the end of the rod body, and the threaded cavity of the round nut is smoothly connected with the grouting channel of the rod body. At the same time, a hexagonal nut is arranged between the fixed torque pressure plate and the round nut. On the one hand, the round nut can be used as a limit block of the hexagonal nut, thereby limiting the retreat stroke of the hexagonal nut, thereby locking the retreat stroke of the hexagonal nut. In this way, when the drilling rig provides a clockwise driving force and drives the hexagonal nut to rotate through the monitoring sensor, the round nut can resist and limit the retreat stroke of the hexagonal nut, and can apply the continuously acting torque to Rod body and drill bit, so as to realize drilling operation. In addition, after the anchoring of the rod body is completed, the reverse drilling rig can be used to drive the hexagonal nut to reverse, so as to realize the pre-tightening function of the fixed torque pressing plate and the anti-shear tray by using the hexagonal nut. This design method realizes the dual functions of the forward drilling and reverse pre-tightening of the drilling rig, which not only reduces the operation process of the intermediate links, but also significantly improves the construction efficiency and ensures the stability and reliability of the anchor installation process; on the other hand, the built-in mixer with an external thread structure can be firmly assembled on the inner side of the end of the rod body through the circular nut through the nut. The interior of the built-in mixer is provided with a mixing chamber, and a partition grid is provided in the mixing chamber. The synergistic effect of the partition grid and the grouting pressure can be fully utilized in the grouting process to crush the large particles again, and the mixed slurry can be mixed twice, so that the slurry is mixed more fully, which greatly increases the permeability of the slurry. In the case of preventing slurry blockage, it can also help to fill the slurry into deeper cracks. The drill-seal-injection anchor rod has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and reliable support capacity. It can realize drilling, hole sealing, and hole grouting reinforcement operations in an integrated manner. It not only effectively solves the slurry blocking problem in surrounding rock grouting reinforcement, but also effectively reduces the shear force of the tray on the rod body. At the same time, it can intuitively judge whether the preload force meets the required requirements, effectively ensuring the strength and support effect of the support, and providing reliable technical guarantees for the stable control of the surrounding rock. The front end of the rod-shaped connector of the monitoring sensor is provided with an inner hexagonal connection hole and the rear end is provided with an outer hexagonal connector. It is convenient to put the front end of the monitoring sensor on the outside of the hexagonal nut through the inner hexagonal connection hole. At the same time, it is convenient to use the outer hexagonal connector to plug the rear end of the monitoring sensor with the inner hexagonal connector at the front end of the drilling rig. Installing a strain type force sensor at the end of the hexagonal connecting hole can facilitate real-time collection of the propulsion force signals of the rod body and the drill bit during the drilling process, and then facilitate the monitoring host to obtain the propulsion force data. In this way, according to the continuous change of the propulsion force data during the drilling process, it is possible to accurately judge whether the drill is stuck or jumped, and then it is easy to find the drill stuck or jumped in time, so that relevant personnel can take effective countermeasures in time to avoid damage to the drilling rig.By setting a speed sensor in the monitoring sensor, it is convenient to collect the speed signals of the rod body and the drill bit in real time during the operation, so that the motion state of the rod body and the drill bit can be accurately judged according to the continuous change of the speed data. Since the rod body and the monitoring sensor are in the same frequency vibration state during the drilling process, by setting a high-frequency vibration sensor in the monitoring sensor, it is convenient to collect the high-frequency vibration signals of the rod body and the drill bit in real time, and then obtain the high-frequency vibration data, and further obtain the drilling speed data, drilling acceleration data and drilling displacement data of the rod body and the drill bit according to the continuous change of the high-frequency vibration data. By setting a well inclination meter in the monitoring sensor, the drilling angle signal can be collected in real time during the drilling process, and then the drilling inclination angle data can be obtained. Therefore, the motion trajectory of the rod body and the drill bit can be perceived in real time, and the drilling method can be adjusted in time when the motion trajectory deviates to ensure the quality of the borehole. By setting a load sensor in the monitoring sensor, it is convenient to collect the torque signals of the rod body and the drill bit in real time during the drilling process, and then the torque data can be obtained, and the power data of the drilling rig can be obtained according to the torque data, which is conducive to sensing the motion state of the drilling rig. In addition, the monitoring host can combine the motion state of the rod and the drill bit, the drilling speed data, the drilling acceleration data, the drilling displacement data, and the power data of the drilling rig to conduct real-time analysis of the differences in the drilling medium during the drilling process, and then comprehensively judge and identify the changes in the rock formation and the development of the surrounding rock cracks, and can realize real-time judgment of the parameters such as the strength, integrity, and stress state of each point in the rock formation, so that corresponding countermeasures can be selected when an abnormality occurs. In this way, intelligent monitoring of the drilling process and intelligent analysis of the surrounding rock state can be realized, and related problems in the tunnel support can be prevented in advance. By setting the main control chip and the wireless communication module in the monitoring sensor, it is convenient to send the various collected signals to the monitoring host in real time by wireless means, so that the monitoring host can process various signals in time. Through the setting of the alarm reminder module, it is convenient to perform automatic voice alarm actions according to the control of the monitoring host when an abnormal situation occurs, so that relevant personnel can be reminded in time to take effective countermeasures.

[0061] The "intelligent monitoring system for drilling integrated anchor bolts" proposed in this invention aims to achieve comprehensive monitoring and intelligent analysis of the entire process of drilling integrated anchor bolt construction through innovative technical solutions, thereby effectively solving the limitations of drilling monitoring systems in the existing technology and helping to promote the development of drilling integrated anchor bolt support technology in a more intelligent and automated direction. The system has a high degree of intelligence and diverse monitoring functions. It can analyze and judge the operating status of the drill bit and the rod body, the structure and differences of the drilling medium through online real-time monitoring, which is conducive to improving drilling efficiency and ensuring the safety of drilling operations.

[0062] The present invention also provides a drilling, sealing and injection-integrated anchor bolt drilling intelligent monitoring method, which adopts a drilling, sealing and injection-integrated anchor bolt drilling intelligent monitoring system, comprising the following steps:

[0063] Step 1: Select the intended construction location on the rock surface;

[0064] Step 2: Sleeve the inner hexagonal connector on the drilling rig 9 onto the outside of the outer hexagonal connector 14 at the rear end of the monitoring sensor 11, and at the same time, sleeve the inner hexagonal connecting hole 13 at the front end of the monitoring sensor 11 onto the outside of the hexagonal nut 5 from the end of the drilling and sealing anchor rod;

[0065] Step 3: Establishing the connection between the test host 8 and the monitoring sensor 11 and the drilling rig 9;

[0066] Step 4: Use the drill 9 to provide a clockwise driving force, so that the monitoring sensor 11 synchronously drives the hexagonal nut 5 to rotate toward the end of the rod body 1. When the hexagonal nut 5 reaches a state of contact with the round nut 6, the round nut 6 performs a rear limit lock on the hexagonal nut 5 and transmits the torque to the rod body 1 and the drill bit 2, thereby synchronously driving the rod body 1 and the drill bit 2 to perform high-speed drilling operations;

[0067] In the initial stage of drilling, the drill bit 2 is used to crush large pieces of coal and rock in the direction of travel, and at the same time, the rotating front-stage spiral slag discharge channel is used to discharge the generated slag and debris out of the hole, thereby realizing preliminary drilling slag and chip removal operations; as the drilling operation continues, the rod body 1 continues to drill deeper, and when the first section of the wavy thread section 20 completely enters the hole, the rotation speed of the drill rig 9 is controlled to decrease, and the middle section of the large thread section 21 is slowly driven into the hole, and the outer edge surface of the middle section of the large thread section 21 is used to closely contact the hole wall to perform hole expansion operations, and at the same time, the rotating rear-stage spiral slag discharge channel is used to receive the slag and debris discharged from the front-stage spiral slag discharge channel, and the slag and debris are discharged out of the hole, thereby realizing subsequent drilling slag and chip removal operations; in the middle section of the large thread section When 21 completely enters the hole, continue to apply torque through the drill rig 9 until the end of the middle large threaded section 21 completely enters the hole, stop drilling, and control the drill rig 9 to rotate in the opposite direction to provide a counterclockwise driving force, so that the monitoring sensor 11 synchronously drives the hexagonal nut 5 to rotate in the opposite direction toward the hole, and gradually pushes the fixed torque pressing plate 4 in the direction of the anti-shear tray 3 until the head end of the fixed torque pressing plate 4 is compacted at the end of the anti-shear tray 3, and the front end of the anti-shear tray 3 is tightly pressed on the surface of the rock wall, and continue to apply torque through the drill rig 9 to cause the fixed torque pressing plate 4 to continue to deform. When the fixed torque pressing plate 4 reaches a flattened state, it is determined that the set preload state is reached, and the drill rig 9 is controlled to stop applying torque, and the drill rig 9 is removed to complete the installation of the drill-sealed anchor rod;

[0068] At each stage of drilling, the speed sensor 16 is used to collect the speed signal of the drilling and sealing anchor rod in real time and send it to the main control chip. The strain pressure sensor 15 is used to collect the propulsion force signal of the drilling and sealing anchor rod in real time and send it to the main control chip in real time. The high-frequency vibration sensor 17 is used to collect the high-frequency vibration signal of the drilling and sealing anchor rod in real time and send it to the main control chip in real time. The well inclination meter 18 is used to collect the drilling angle signal of the drilling and sealing anchor rod in real time and send it to the main control chip. The load sensor 19 is used to collect the torque signal of the drilling and sealing anchor rod in real time and send it to the main control chip in real time. After receiving the speed signal, propulsion force signal, high-frequency vibration signal, drilling angle signal and torque signal, the main control chip The data is sent to the monitoring host 8 through the wireless communication module; the monitoring host 8 obtains the rotation speed data of the rod body 1 and the drill bit 2 according to the rotation speed signal, and determines the movement state of the rod body 1 and the drill bit 2 according to the continuous change of the rotation speed data; the monitoring host 8 obtains the propulsion force data of the rod body 1 and the drill bit 2 according to the propulsion force signal, and determines whether the drill is stuck or jumped according to the continuous change of the propulsion force data during the drilling process. When the propulsion force data suddenly changes at a certain moment, it just indicates that the drill is stuck or jumped. At the same time, when it is determined that the drill is stuck or jumped, the speed of the drilling rig 9 is controlled to be reduced. At the same time, the alarm reminder module is controlled to issue a voice alarm reminder of drill stuck and drill jumped until the drill is stuck and drill jumped. The rotation speed of the drilling rig 9 is controlled; the monitoring host 8 obtains the high-frequency vibration data of the rod body 1 and the drill bit 2 according to the high-frequency vibration signal, and obtains the drilling speed data, drilling acceleration data and drilling displacement data of the rod body 1 and the drill bit 2 according to the continuous change of the high-frequency vibration data; the monitoring host 8 obtains the angle difference between the rod body 1 and the drill bit 2 and the vertical direction according to the drilling angle signal, and then obtains the inclination angle data of the borehole and the motion trajectory of the rod body 1. When the inclination angle data of the borehole and the motion trajectory of the rod body 1 deviate, the rotation speed of the drilling rig 9 is controlled to be reduced. At the same time, the alarm reminder module is controlled to issue a trajectory deviation voice alarm reminder until the rotation speed of the drilling rig 9 is restored when the motion trajectory returns to normal ... vertical direction according to the drilling angle signal The torque data of the rod body 1 is obtained, and the power data of the drilling rig 9 is obtained according to the torque data; the monitoring host 8 combines the motion state of the rod body 1 and the drill bit 2, the drilling speed data, the drilling acceleration data, the drilling displacement data, and the power data of the drilling rig 9 to perform real-time analysis on the difference of the drilling medium during the drilling process, so as to understand the stratification of the rock formation in real time during the drilling process, and obtain the rock formation distribution data, and finally achieve the purpose of identifying the rock formation, and obtain the complete situation data of the internal surrounding rock; after obtaining the rock formation distribution data, the monitoring host 8 adjusts different drilling parameters according to the different rock formations during the drilling process, so as to control the drilling rig 9 to make adaptive adjustments according to different working conditions, so as to achieve efficient and safe drilling operations;

[0069] The monitoring host 8 can also effectively evaluate the rock parameters such as the uniaxial compressive strength of the rock block, the rock mass quality index, the rock mass integrity, the rock hardness, the rock mass stress state and the discontinuity surface by combining the motion state of the rod body 1 and the drill bit 2, the drilling speed data, the drilling acceleration data, the drilling displacement data and the power data of the drilling rig 9, so as to achieve the functions of determining the surrounding rock support parameters, surrounding rock classification and analyzing the surrounding rock stability;

[0070] Step 5: Carry out grouting operation;

[0071] S51: fully stir the slurry to ensure that the uniformity and fluidity of the slurry meet the grouting requirements; connect the pressure sensor to the grouting pipeline, and then connect the two ends of the grouting pipe to the slurry outlet of the grouting pump 10 and the end of the built-in mixer 7 respectively; establish the connection between the monitoring host 8 and the grouting pump 10 and the pressure sensor respectively;

[0072] S52: Use a grouting pump to pass the stirred slurry through the grouting pipe into the mixing chamber of the built-in mixer 7. Under the action of the partition grid 25, the slurry is further mixed evenly in the mixing chamber, and then transported to the drill bit slurry outlet 23 through the grouting channel. Then, the slurry enters the deep hole from the drill bit slurry outlet 23. In this process, a pressure sensor is used to collect grouting pressure signals in real time and send them to the monitoring host 8. The monitoring host 8 obtains grouting pressure data according to the grouting pressure signals, and uses the outer edge of the middle large threaded section 21 to fit in with the hole wall to achieve a dense sealing of the hole, thereby playing a grouting pressure maintenance role during the grouting process. Under the action of pressure maintenance, the slurry continues to enter and fill the entire hole, and gradually enters deep cracks to achieve effective sealing of the cracks. During the entire grouting process, the monitoring host 8 controls the grouting amount according to the internal surrounding rock integrity data to achieve efficient and high-quality grouting operations.

[0073] S53: When the grouting pressure data suddenly increases, the monitoring host 8 controls the grouting pump 10 to stop the grouting operation, removes the grouting pipe, and then seals the end of the built-in mixer 7.

[0074] As a preferred embodiment, in step four, after the monitoring host obtains the rotational speed data, propulsion force data, high-frequency vibration data, drilling speed data, drilling acceleration data, drilling displacement data, drilling inclination angle data, torque data and power data, it displays them in real time through the display screen.

[0075] In the present invention, the connection between the drill-sealed anchor rod and the drilling rig is established by using a monitoring sensor, and the locking function of the circular nut on the hexagonal nut's backward stroke can be fully utilized to drive the drilling operation to proceed efficiently. At the same time, the front and rear spiral slag discharge channels can be used to timely discharge the slag and debris generated during the drilling process from the orifice, thereby avoiding the occurrence of drill jams and effectively ensuring the smooth progress of the drilling process. In addition, the hexagonal nut can be pushed toward the orifice by changing the driving direction, and the fixed torque pressing plate and the anti-shear tray can be pressed against the orifice. Since the fixed torque pressing plate can reach a flattened state when it reaches a set prestressed state, when the hexagonal nut is used to apply a pretightening force to the fixed torque pressing plate, it can be intuitively observed whether the pretightening state is reached. In each stage of drilling, the speed signal, propulsion force signal, high-frequency vibration signal, drilling angle signal and torque signal are collected respectively, so as to obtain the speed data of the rod body and drill bit, the propulsion force data of the rod body and drill bit, high-frequency vibration data, drilling speed data, drilling acceleration data, drilling displacement data, drilling inclination angle data, torque data and power data. Thus, the movement state and movement trajectory of the rod body and drill bit during the drilling process can be fully sensed. At the same time, it can also accurately determine whether there are abnormal situations such as trajectory deviation and drilling angle inclination. When an abnormal situation occurs, the alarm action is performed through the alarm reminder module, which can facilitate timely reminders to relevant personnel so that they can take effective countermeasures in time. In addition, the monitoring host can combine the movement state of the rod and the drill bit, the drilling speed data, the drilling acceleration data, the drilling displacement data, and the power data of the drilling rig to conduct real-time analysis of the differences in the drilling medium during the drilling process, so as to understand the stratification of the rock formation in real time during the drilling process and obtain the rock formation distribution data. In this way, the monitoring host can adjust different drilling parameters according to the different distribution conditions of the rock formation, which can ensure the realization of efficient and high-quality drilling operations, and at the same time, it is conducive to improving the safety factor of the drilling operation. By connecting a pressure sensor to the grouting pipe, the grouting pressure signal can be collected in real time during the grouting process, and then the monitoring host can obtain the grouting pressure data in real time. In this way, the continuous change of the grouting pressure data can be analyzed to effectively perceive the grouting degree in the hole, and the sudden increase of the grouting pressure data can be used to perceive the end of the grouting.

[0076] The construction process of this method is simple, convenient and highly intelligent. It can reliably monitor each operation link and provide real-time feedback of monitoring data during the construction process such as drilling, grouting and anchoring. It is of great significance to improve the accuracy, efficiency and safety of integrated drilling, sealing and grouting anchor construction. The use of this method for construction can effectively improve the construction efficiency of support construction. At the same time, it can significantly improve the support effect. It has a wide range of applicability and is easy to be used on a large scale in various types of engineering support.

Claims

1. An intelligent monitoring system for drilling, sealing and grouting integrated anchor bolts, comprising drilling, sealing and grouting anchor bolts; characterized in that: It also includes a monitoring sensor (11), a drilling rig (9), an alarm reminder module and a test host (8); The drill-seal-injection anchor rod comprises a rod body (1), a drill bit (2), an anti-shear tray (3), a fixed-torsion pressing plate (4), a hexagonal nut (5), a round nut (6) and a built-in mixer (7); The shaft center of the rod body (1) has an axially penetrating grouting channel, and its outer surface is a continuous thread structure, and is divided into a first wave thread section (20), a middle large thread section (21) and a last wave thread section (22) from the head end to the tail end; wherein the outer diameter of the first wave thread section (20) and the outer diameter of the last wave thread section (22) are both smaller than the outer diameter of the middle large thread section (21); a front spiral slag discharge channel is formed in the first wave thread section (20); a rear spiral slag discharge channel is formed in the middle large thread section (21); and the drill bit (2) is arranged The drill bit (2) is mounted at the head end of the rod body (1), and has a drill bit outlet (23) connected to the grouting channel; at the same time, the outer diameter of the drill bit (2) is larger than the outer diameter of the first wave thread section (20) and smaller than the outer diameter of the middle large thread section (21); the anchor hole (24) at the center of the anti-shear tray (3) is a tubular structure that protrudes axially and has a continuously tapered inner and outer diameters; the inner diameter of the anchor hole (24) is larger than the outer diameter of the last wave thread section (22) and smaller than the outer diameter of the middle large thread section (21); the anti-shear tray (3) slides through the anchor hole (24) The fixing torque pressure plate (4) is slidably mounted on the outside of the last wave thread section (22); the fixing torque pressure plate (4) is in the shape of a hollow flat-bottomed spherical crown, and a mounting hole is provided at the center of its top; the fixing torque pressure plate (4) is slidably mounted on the outside of the last wave thread section (22) through the mounting hole, and is closer to the end of the rod body (1) than the anti-shear tray (3); the hexagonal nut (5) is mounted on the outside of the last wave thread section (22) through threaded matching, and is closer to the end of the rod body (1) than the fixing torque pressure plate (4); the outer diameter of the circular nut (6) is smaller than the outer diameter of the hexagonal nut (5). , the circular nut (6) is coaxially fixedly welded to the end of the rod body (1), and its internal thread cavity is smoothly connected to the grouting channel; the main body of the built-in mixer (7) is a rod-shaped structure, and an external thread structure matching the circular nut (6) is arranged on the outer surface; an axially penetrating mixing chamber is arranged at the axis center of the built-in mixer (7), and a partition grid (25) for dividing the radial space of the mixing chamber is fixedly installed inside the mixing chamber; the built-in mixer (7) is connected to the inside of the circular nut (6) by threaded fitting, and its head end extends into the grouting channel; The monitoring sensor (11) comprises a rod-shaped connecting body (12), a strain type force sensor (15), a rotation speed sensor (16), a high frequency vibration sensor (17), a well inclination meter (18), a load sensor (19) and a control main board; an inner hexagonal connecting hole (13) is provided at the axis center of the front section of the rod-shaped connecting body (12), an outer hexagonal connecting head (14) is fixedly connected at the axis center of the rear end thereof, and an installation cavity is provided inside the middle section; the size and shape of the inner hexagonal connecting hole (13) are compatible with the size and shape of the outer contour of the hexagonal nut (5); the monitoring sensor (11) is sleeved on the outside of the hexagonal nut (5) through the inner hexagonal connecting hole (13) at the front end; the strain type force sensor (15) is fixedly installed at the inner end of the inner hexagonal connecting hole (13) and is connected to the control main board. The main board is connected to the control main board and is used to collect propulsion force signals of the rod body (3) and the drill bit (2); the speed sensor (16), the high-frequency vibration sensor (17), the well inclination meter (18) and the load sensor (19) are all installed in the installation cavity and are all connected to the control main board, and are respectively used to collect the speed signal of the drilling and sealing anchor rod, the high-frequency vibration signal of the drilling and sealing anchor rod, the drilling angle signal of the drilling and sealing anchor rod and the torque signal of the drilling and sealing anchor rod; the control main board is connected to a main control chip and a wireless communication module; the wireless communication module is used to establish a wireless communication connection between the main control chip and the outside world; the main control chip is respectively connected to the strain force sensor (15), the speed sensor (16), the high-frequency vibration sensor (17), the well inclination meter (18), the load sensor (19) and the wireless communication module; The output end of the drilling machine (9) has an internal hexagonal connector, and the size and shape of the internal hexagonal connector are compatible with the size and shape of the outer contour of the external hexagonal connector (14) at the rear end of the monitoring sensor (11), and the internal hexagonal connector is sleeved on the outside of the external hexagonal connector (14) at the rear end of the monitoring sensor (11); The alarm reminder module is used to perform a voice alarm reminder action; The monitoring host (8) is respectively connected to the monitoring sensor (11), the drilling rig (9) and the alarm reminder module.

2. The intelligent monitoring system for integrated drilling, sealing and injection anchor drilling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An annular limiting boss (26) is fixedly mounted on the outer end of the built-in mixer (7).

3. The intelligent monitoring system for anchor drilling with integrated drilling, sealing and injection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The built-in mixer (7) is made of nylon and is manufactured by grouting molding.

4. The intelligent monitoring system for integrated drilling, sealing and injection anchor drilling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lengths of the first wave thread section (20), the middle large thread section (21) and the last wave thread section (22) account for 3 / 5, 1 / 5 and 1 / 5 of the length of the rod body (1) respectively.

5. The intelligent monitoring system for integrated drilling, sealing and injection anchor drilling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The drill bit (2) is a three-wing drill bit.

6. The intelligent monitoring system for integrated drilling, sealing and injection anchor drilling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The edge portions of the anti-shear tray (3) and the anchor hole (24) thereof are transitionally connected via a diameter-reducing section, and 5 to 8 longitudinal ribs are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the diameter-reducing section.

7. The intelligent monitoring system for integrated drilling, sealing and injection anchor drilling according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The monitoring host (8) is provided with a display screen.

8. A method for intelligent monitoring of integrated anchor drilling with drilling, sealing and injection molding, using an intelligent monitoring system for integrated anchor drilling with drilling, sealing and injection molding as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Select the intended construction location on the rock surface; Step 2: The inner hexagonal connector on the drilling machine (9) is mounted on the outside of the outer hexagonal connector (14) at the rear end of the monitoring sensor (11), and at the same time, the inner hexagonal connecting hole (13) at the front end of the monitoring sensor (11) is mounted on the outside of the hexagonal nut (5) from the end of the drilling and sealing anchor rod; Step 3: Establishing a connection between the test host (8) and the monitoring sensor (11) and the drilling rig (9); Step 4: Using the drilling machine (9) to provide a clockwise driving force, the monitoring sensor (11) synchronously drives the hexagonal nut (5) to rotate in the direction of the end of the rod body (1). When the hexagonal nut (5) reaches a state of contact with the round nut (6), the round nut (6) performs a rear limit lock on the hexagonal nut (5) and transmits the torque to the rod body (1) and the drill bit (2), thereby synchronously driving the rod body (1) and the drill bit (2) to perform a high-speed drilling operation; In the initial stage of drilling, the drill bit (2) is used to crush the large coal rock mass in the direction of travel, and at the same time, the rotating front spiral slag discharge channel is used to discharge the generated slag and debris from the hole mouth, thereby realizing the initial drilling slag and chip removal operation; as the drilling operation continues, the rod body (1) continues to drill deeper, and when the first wave thread section (20) completely enters the hole, the rotation speed of the drilling machine (9) is controlled to decrease, and the middle large thread section (21) is slowly driven into the hole, and the outer edge surface of the middle large thread section (21) is used to closely contact the hole wall to perform the hole expansion operation, and at the same time, the rotating rear spiral slag discharge channel is used to receive the slag and debris discharged by the front spiral slag discharge channel, and the slag and debris are discharged from the hole mouth, thereby realizing the subsequent drilling slag and chip removal operation; when the middle large thread section (21) completely enters the hole When the drill rig (9) is in operation, the torque is continuously applied until the end of the middle large threaded section (21) completely enters the hole, and the drilling is stopped. The drill rig (9) is controlled to rotate in the opposite direction to provide a counterclockwise driving force, so that the monitoring sensor (11) synchronously drives the hexagonal nut (5) to rotate in the opposite direction toward the hole, and gradually pushes the fixed torque pressing plate (4) toward the anti-shear tray (3) until the head end of the fixed torque pressing plate (4) is compacted against the end of the anti-shear tray (3), and the front end of the anti-shear tray (3) is pressed tightly against the surface of the rock wall. The torque is continuously applied by the drill rig (9) to cause the fixed torque pressing plate (4) to continue to deform. When the fixed torque pressing plate (4) reaches a flattened state, it is determined that the set preload state is reached, and the drill rig (9) is controlled to stop applying the torque, and the drill rig (9) is removed to complete the installation of the drill-sealed anchor rod. At each stage of drilling, a speed sensor (16) is used to collect the speed signal of the drilling and sealing anchor rod in real time and send it to the main control chip; a strain gauge pressure sensor (15) is used to collect the propulsion force signal of the drilling and sealing anchor rod in real time and send it to the main control chip in real time; a high-frequency vibration sensor (17) is used to collect the high-frequency vibration signal of the drilling and sealing anchor rod in real time and send it to the main control chip in real time; a well inclination meter (18) is used to collect the drilling angle signal of the drilling and sealing anchor rod in real time and send it to the main control chip; a load sensor (19) is used to collect the torque signal of the drilling and sealing anchor rod in real time and send it to the main control chip in real time; the main control chip receives the speed signal, propulsion force signal, high-frequency vibration signal and the like, and sends the high-frequency vibration signal to the main control chip in real time. After receiving the signal, drilling angle signal and torque signal, the signal is sent to the monitoring host (8) through the wireless communication module; the monitoring host (8) obtains the rotation speed data of the rod body (1) and the drill bit (2) according to the rotation speed signal, and determines the movement state of the rod body (1) and the drill bit (2) according to the continuous change of the rotation speed data; the monitoring host (8) obtains the propulsion force data of the rod body (1) and the drill bit (2) according to the propulsion force signal, and determines whether the drill is stuck or jumped according to the continuous change of the propulsion force data during the drilling process. At the same time, when it is determined that the drill is stuck or jumped, the rotation speed of the drilling machine (9) is controlled to be reduced, and at the same time, the alarm reminder module is controlled to issue a drill stuck or jumped signal. The monitoring host (8) obtains high-frequency vibration data of the rod body (1) and the drill bit (2) according to the high-frequency vibration signal, and obtains drilling speed data, drilling acceleration data and drilling displacement data of the rod body (1) and the drill bit (2) according to the continuous change of the high-frequency vibration data; the monitoring host (8) obtains the angle difference between the rod body (1) and the drill bit (2) and the vertical direction according to the drilling angle signal, and then obtains the inclination angle data of the borehole and the movement trajectory of the rod body (1). When the inclination angle data of the borehole and the movement trajectory of the rod body (1) deviate, the rotation speed of the drilling rig (9) is controlled to decrease, and at the same time, The control alarm reminder module issues a voice alarm reminder of trajectory deviation until the rotation speed of the drilling rig (9) is restored when the motion trajectory returns to normal; the monitoring host (8) obtains torque data of the rod body (1) according to the torque signal, and obtains power data of the drilling rig (9) according to the torque data; the monitoring host (8) combines the motion state of the rod body (1) and the drill bit (2), the drilling speed data, the drilling acceleration data, the drilling displacement data, and the power data of the drilling rig (9) to perform real-time analysis on the difference of the drilling medium during the drilling process, so as to understand the stratification of the rock formation in real time during the drilling process, and obtain the rock formation distribution data, so as to finally achieve the purpose of identifying the rock formation and obtain the complete situation data of the internal surrounding rock; After obtaining the rock formation distribution data, the monitoring host (8) adjusts different drilling parameters according to different rock formations during the drilling process, so as to control the drilling rig (9) to make adaptive adjustments according to different working conditions, so as to achieve efficient and safe drilling operations; Step 5: Carry out grouting operation; S51: fully stir the slurry to ensure that the uniformity and fluidity of the slurry meet the grouting requirements; connect a pressure sensor to the grouting pipeline, and then connect the two ends of the grouting pipe to the slurry outlet of the grouting pump (10) and the end of the built-in mixer (7) respectively; respectively establish connections between the monitoring host (8) and the grouting pump (10) and the pressure sensor; S52: Using a grouting pump, the stirred slurry is passed through a grouting pipe into a mixing chamber of a built-in mixer (7). Under the action of a partitioning grid (25), the slurry is further mixed evenly in the mixing chamber and then transported to a drill outlet (23) through a grouting channel. Then, the slurry enters the depth of the hole through the drill outlet (23). During this process, a pressure sensor is used to collect grouting pressure signals in real time and send them to a monitoring host (8). The monitoring host (8) obtains grouting pressure data based on the grouting pressure signals and uses the outer edge of the middle large threaded section (21) to fit in with the hole wall to achieve a dense plugging of the hole, thereby achieving a grouting pressure-maintaining effect during the grouting process. Under the pressure-maintaining effect, the slurry continuously enters and fills the entire hole, and gradually enters deep cracks to achieve effective plugging of the cracks. During the entire grouting process, the monitoring host (8) controls the grouting volume based on the internal surrounding rock integrity data to achieve efficient and high-quality grouting operations. S53: When the grouting pressure data suddenly increases, the monitoring host (8) controls the grouting pump (10) to stop the grouting operation, removes the grouting pipe, and then seals the end of the built-in mixer (7).

9. The intelligent monitoring method for integrated drilling, sealing and injection anchor drilling according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 4, after the monitoring host (8) obtains the rotation speed data, propulsion force data, high-frequency vibration data, drilling speed data, drilling acceleration data, drilling displacement data, drilling inclination angle data, torque data and power data, it displays them in real time on the display screen.

Images