A segmented hardness gradient liner and method of designing the same

Abstract

The application discloses a segmented hardness gradient liner, and belongs to the technical field of weapons and equipment. The gradient liner comprises an inner layer, an intermediate layer and an outer layer which are sequentially arranged. The hardness range of the outer layer is 300HV-400HV, the hardness range of the intermediate layer is 600HV-700HV, and the hardness range of the inner layer is 850HV-900HV. The application further discloses a design method of the segmented hardness gradient liner, which comprises material selection, optimization through finite element simulation, preparation and molding and surface treatment. The segmented hardness gradient liner and the design method thereof are adopted to optimize the distribution law of the hardness of the inner and outer surfaces of the gradient liner, so that the stability, speed and penetration capacity of the shaped charge jet are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of weapon equipment, in particular to a segmented hardness gradient liner and a design method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The liner is an important component of shaped charge device, and its shape and material properties directly affect the forming quality and performance of the shaped jet. Currently, the traditional liner is mostly designed with homogeneous material, which limits the improvement of jet performance in some scenarios. For example, in the penetration of high-strength armor or complex target materials, the jet shape of the traditional homogeneous liner is prone to fragmentation or instability, making it difficult to meet the requirements of efficient attack.

[0003] To solve the above problems, designing a gradient material liner becomes an effective optimization method. By realizing the gradual distribution of physical, chemical or mechanical properties in the liner material, the forming process of the jet can be optimized, the jet speed and stability can be improved, and the penetration performance can be further improved. However, there is still a lack of a mature and effective design method for gradient liners.

[0004] The liner, as the core component of shaped charge technology, its material properties and geometric shape have a decisive role in the shaping and performance of the shaped jet. Traditional liners are mostly made of homogeneous metal materials, which are easy to process, but when the jet is shaped and penetrates high-strength protective targets, they are prone to fragmentation, instability and other problems, making it difficult to meet the needs of modern complex combat environments.

[0005] In recent years, hardness gradient materials have become a research hotspot due to their advantages in mechanical properties. By forming a hardness gradient between the inner and outer surfaces of the liner, the shaping efficiency and impact resistance of the jet can be improved. However, the current design method and manufacturing process for hardness gradient liners are not mature, which limits their widespread application in the field of shaped charge. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide a segmented hardness gradient liner and a design method thereof, by segmenting the hardness of the gradient liner and optimizing the distribution of the hardness of the inner and outer surfaces of the gradient liner, the stability, speed and penetration ability of the shaped jet are improved.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides a segmented hardness gradient liner, which comprises an inner layer, a middle layer and an outer layer arranged in sequence, the hardness range of the outer layer is 300HV-400HV, the hardness range of the middle layer is 600HV-700HV, and the hardness range of the inner layer is 850HV-900HV.

[0008] Preferably, the thickness of the outer layer accounts for 20%-25% of the total thickness of the cover, the thickness of the intermediate layer accounts for 40%-50% of the total thickness of the cover, and the thickness of the inner layer accounts for 25%-40% of the total thickness of the cover.

[0009] Preferably, the inner layer, the intermediate layer, and the outer layer are smoothly transitioned.

[0010] Preferably, the outer layer is made of high-strength metal or alloy, the intermediate layer is made of medium-hardness metal or composite material, and the inner layer is made of high-hardness ceramic or metal matrix composite material.

[0011] The application also provides a design method of a segmented hardness gradient liner, comprising the following steps:

[0012] S1. According to the performance requirements of the gradient liner, the materials of each layer of the liner and the thickness ratio thereof are determined, and the hardness range of each layer is defined;

[0013] S2. The thickness and hardness distribution of each layer are optimized through finite element simulation to ensure the continuity of energy transmission;

[0014] S3. An additive manufacturing or hot pressing forming process is adopted to process the materials layer by layer and ensure the gradient distribution;

[0015] S4. The finished product is subjected to heat treatment or surface treatment to enhance the material performance.

[0016] Preferably, in step S2, the shape, speed, and energy transmission efficiency of the bubble jet are considered in the finite element simulation.

[0017] Preferably, in step S3, when the materials are processed layer by layer, composite material lamination or interface diffusion welding is adopted between the layers to ensure the stability and strength of the interlayer structure.

[0018] Therefore, the application has the following beneficial effects by adopting the above-mentioned segmented hardness gradient liner and the design method thereof:

[0019] (1) The hardness gradient liner is designed in segments in the application, and the hardness of the inner, intermediate, and outer layers is segmented, which effectively improves the speed, length, and stability of the shaped charge jet, and enhances the anti-breaking and durability of the liner.

[0020] (2) The anti-explosion performance and overall life of the liner are effectively improved by the hardness gradient design in the application.

[0021] (3) The thickness and hardness of the inner, intermediate, and outer layers of the segmented hardness gradient liner can be adjusted according to different task requirements through accurate calculation and experiments, which has high flexibility and can be customized for different target types and strike requirements to ensure the best penetration effect and damage effect.

[0022] (4) The design method of the present application is suitable for different materials and shapes of the shroud.

[0023] (5) The present application has strong universality and is suitable for complex target penetration, deep hole blasting and other application scenarios, and has wide popularization value.

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the shroud structure of the embodiments of the present application.

[0026] Figure 2 The figure is a flow chart of the method of the embodiments of the present application.

[0027] REFERENCE NUMERALS

[0028] 1, inner layer; 2, middle layer; 3, outer layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0030] EMBODIMENT

[0031] With reference to Figure 1 , the present application provides a segmented hardness gradient shroud, which has a multi-layer structure and includes an inner layer 1, a middle layer 2 and an outer layer 3 arranged in sequence.

[0032] The outer layer 3 is made of high-strength metal or alloy, has high toughness, is used to resist the initial impact of explosion and protect the shroud body from external damage, has a hardness range of 300HV-400HV, and has a thickness of 20%-25% of the total thickness of the shroud body.

[0033] The middle layer 2 is made of medium-hardness metal or composite material, is used to realize the transition transmission of energy, prevent structural damage caused by stress concentration, has a hardness range of 600HV-700HV, and has a thickness of 40%-50% of the total thickness of the shroud body.

[0034] The inner layer 2 is made of high-hardness ceramic or metal matrix composite material, which is used to form a high-energy jet flow and improve penetration performance, and has a hardness range of 850HV-900HV and a thickness accounting for 25%-40% of the total thickness of the cover body.

[0035] The shaped charge gradient cover has smooth transitions between the layers instead of abrupt changes. Specifically, the smooth transition of the hardness gradient is achieved by connecting through segmented heat treatment or additive manufacturing process, and forming a hardness gradient by controlling the heating and cooling rate. The physical properties and functional requirements of the materials of each layer are considered during the design process to ensure that the outer layer 3 has sufficient toughness and impact resistance to withstand air resistance and environmental pressure during high-speed flight; the middle layer 2 achieves efficient energy transfer; and the inner layer 1 provides maximum penetration ability through high-hardness design to optimize the target damage effect.

[0036] The gradient design of the shaped charge gradient cover, in which the hardness gradually increases from the outer layer 3 to the inner layer 1, can ensure that the material layers work together when penetrating the target, optimize energy utilization efficiency, and avoid premature dissipation of energy due to uneven stress.

[0037] Reference Figure 2 The application also provides a design method of a segmented hardness gradient shaped charge cover, which comprises the following steps:

[0038] S1, determining the materials of each layer of the gradient shaped charge cover and the thickness ratio thereof according to the performance requirements of the gradient shaped charge cover, and defining the hardness range of each layer.

[0039] S2, optimizing the thickness and hardness distribution of each layer through finite element simulation to ensure the continuity of energy transfer. It should be noted that the form, speed and energy transfer efficiency of the bubble jet need to be considered during the finite element simulation.

[0040] S3, using segmented heat treatment technology to perform carburizing or quenching treatment on different regions to gradually form a hardness gradient from the outside to the inside, or using additive manufacturing technology to control the hardness by depositing materials layer by layer to achieve gradient distribution.

[0041] Specifically, the outer layer is formed by precision casting or laser melting deposition, the middle layer is prepared by hot pressing process, and the inner layer is prepared by injection molding or powder metallurgy technology. When the materials are processed layer by layer, the composite material layers or interface diffusion welding are used between the layers to ensure the stability and strength of the interlayer structure. The cover body of the gradient shaped charge cover is formed by precision die casting or spinning technology to realize the geometric shaping of the cover body.

[0042] S4, performing heat treatment or surface treatment on the finished product to enhance the material properties.

[0043] The segmented hardness gradient liner designed in the application is widely applicable to anti-armor weapons, deep space exploration, anti-satellite, etc. The unique hardness gradient design makes it play the best effect in the attack of different target materials and target types.

[0044] In anti-armor applications, the segmented hardness gradient liner can effectively resist multi-layer composite armor and improve penetration capability. In the case of resisting advanced defense systems such as blast-resistant armor and ballistic missile shields, the optimized design of hardness gradient can ensure that the warhead plays a stable and efficient penetration effect in a larger range.

[0045] To verify the effectiveness of the gradient liner and its design method, experiments are performed as follows.

[0046] First, the gradient liner is prepared.

[0047] High-toughness titanium alloy is used as the outer layer 3 material, aluminum alloy is used as the intermediate layer 2 material, and high-hardness ceramic matrix composite material is used as the inner layer 1 material.

[0048] The segmented heat treatment technology is used to perform carburizing or quenching treatment on different regions to gradually form a hardness gradient from the outside to the inside.

[0049] The diffusion welding technology is used to firmly combine each layer to ensure the structural integrity and performance stability.

[0050] The outer surface is coated with a corrosion-resistant coating to improve the environmental adaptability, and the inner surface is optimized in microstructure to enhance the stability of the jet formation.

[0051] Then, the penetration performance test is performed on the prepared segmented hardness gradient liner.

[0052] The penetration target is set as a multi-layer armor structure, including steel plates, composite material layers and blast-resistant material layers. Each layer of armor has different thickness and hardness, simulating various complex defense systems on modern battlefields.

[0053] The test method is to compare the segmented hardness gradient liner with the traditional single hardness liner to test its effect in penetrating multi-layer defense. Through the high-speed ballistic test device, the liner is launched onto the armor target, and the penetration depth, damage range and armor layer number are recorded. A high-speed camera is used to track the test process to observe the dynamic changes of the liner during penetration, especially the response of the hardness gradient layer when penetrating different hardness materials.

[0054] The experimental data show that the liner with the sectional hardness gradient design has stronger adaptability and higher penetration effect when penetrating multi-layer armor. The hardness gradient can make the liner have stronger hardness in the initial stage of contacting the target, and after breaking through the outer defense, the flexibility and toughness of the inner layer material can further enhance the penetration, thereby effectively breaking through the thicker armor.

[0055] Compared with the traditional single hardness design liner, the sectional hardness gradient liner has a penetration depth increased by 25%, and its breakdown efficiency is significantly improved.

[0056] Therefore, the sectional hardness gradient liner and the design method thereof are adopted, the liner is segmented in hardness, and the distribution law of the hardness of the inner and outer surfaces of the liner is optimized, so that the stability, speed and penetration ability of the shaped charge jet are improved.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application but not to limit it, although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can still be modified or replaced by equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot make the modified technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A segmented hardness gradient liner, characterized by: The invention comprises an inner layer, an intermediate layer and an outer layer which are arranged in sequence, wherein the hardness range of the outer layer is 300HV-400HV, the hardness range of the intermediate layer is 600HV-700HV, and the hardness range of the inner layer is 850HV-900HV; Among them, the design method of the segmented hardness gradient liner includes: S1. Determine the material and thickness ratio of each layer of the liner based on the performance requirements of the gradient liner, and define the hardness range of each layer; S2. Optimize the thickness and hardness distribution of each layer through finite element simulation to ensure the continuity of energy transfer; S3, using additive manufacturing or hot pressing technology to process materials layer by layer and ensure gradient distribution; S4. Perform heat treatment or surface treatment on the finished product to enhance material properties.

2. The segmented hardness gradient liner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the outer layer accounts for 20%-25% of the total thickness of the cover body, the thickness of the middle layer accounts for 40%-50% of the total thickness of the cover body, and the thickness of the inner layer accounts for 25%-40% of the total thickness of the cover body.

3. The segmented hardness gradient liner according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is a smooth transition between the inner layer and the middle layer, and between the middle layer and the outer layer.

4. The segmented hardness gradient liner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer layer material is made of high-strength metal or alloy; the middle layer material is made of medium-hardness metal or composite material; and the inner layer material is made of high-hardness ceramic or metal-based composite material.

5. The segmented hardness gradient liner according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the shape, velocity and energy transfer efficiency of the bubble jet are considered during the finite element simulation.

6. The segmented hardness gradient liner according to claim 1, characterized in that: When processing the material layer by layer in step S3, composite material lamination or interface diffusion welding is used between the layers to ensure the stability and strength of the interlayer structure.

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