Water tank experiment equipment based on multi-dimensional data acquisition

Abstract

The invention discloses water tank experimental equipment based on multi-dimensional data acquisition, and belongs to the technical field of experimental instruments, the water tank experimental equipment comprises a water tank, a circulating mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the water tank, an energy dissipation mechanism is arranged at the water inlet end of the water tank, a filtering mechanism is arranged at the water drainage end of the water tank, and a three-dimensional compound river channel model structure is arranged at the inner bottom of the water tank. The three-dimensional compound river channel model structure is arranged in the water tank, the near-shore part of the river channel at the half position of the section of the compound river channel is simulated to serve as a research object, the three-dimensional physical model can visually present spatial heterogeneity flow, the defects of a traditional two-dimensional model or numerical simulation in vertical momentum exchange and turbulent vortex description are overcome, and the simulation accuracy is improved. And through riverbed sediments and sediment layering, surface water can be simulated to infiltrate and supply underground water in a flood period, a solute migration rule can be revealed, dynamic simulation of surface-underground water interaction can be realized, and then riverway water solute concentration, bed surface pressure and riverway water flow velocity are acquired, so that a detection result is more accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a water tank experimental device, in particular to a water tank experimental device based on multi-dimensional data collection, belonging to the technical field of experimental equipment. Background Art

[0002] The experimental circulating water flume mainly uses a power system (such as a water pump) to make water circulate in the flume. Under the action of the power, the water obtains energy and flows along the set path and direction to simulate various actual water flow conditions, such as water flows in rivers and oceans. The lateral hydraulic gradient generated by the compound river floodplain flow at the morphologically abrupt beach-channel interface can cause lateral undercurrent exchange in the beach-channel system, giving the beach ecological functions such as flood regulation and environmental buffering.

[0003] At present, the two-dimensional model cannot accurately simulate the three-dimensional flow characteristics of the compound river channel during the use of the water flume, such as secondary flow, vertical flow velocity distribution, etc., which affects the accuracy of the simulation. The uneven flow velocity at the water inlet will lead to experimental data errors. In addition, the circulating water flume can only generate approximate steady-state or simple water flow changes, and cannot truly simulate the oscillation of the liquid surface when the water level rises, which affects the measurement results of the boundary pressure distribution.

[0004] Therefore, a water tank experimental equipment based on multi-dimensional data acquisition is designed to optimize the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a flume experimental equipment based on multi-dimensional data collection. A three-dimensional compound river channel model structure composed of riverbed sediments, sediment stratification, main river channel, shoal, and water-sand interface is arranged inside the flume, and the nearshore part of the river channel at half of the compound river channel section is simulated as a research object. The three-dimensional physical model can intuitively present these spatial heterogeneous flows, make up for the deficiencies of traditional two-dimensional models or numerical simulations in the vertical momentum exchange and turbulent vortex characterization. In addition, the riverbed sediments and sediment stratification can simulate the infiltration of surface water to replenish groundwater during the flood period, reveal the law of solute migration, and dynamically simulate the interaction between surface and groundwater. In addition, pressure gauges and conductivity probes are arranged inside, on the surface, and inside the river water of the three-dimensional compound river channel model structure to accurately collect and detect the solute concentration and bed pressure of the river water, and in addition, the ADV flow meter is used to monitor the process. The water flow velocity of the river on the water section makes the detection result more accurate. By arranging an energy dissipation mechanism consisting of a junction box, an arc groove, a shaft, a blade and a mesh plate at the water inlet end of the water tank, the kinetic energy of the water flow at the water inlet can be reduced during use, making the flow velocity more uniform. A wave-making mechanism consisting of a floating plate, a first worm, a fixed block, a first worm wheel, a spline groove, a spline shaft, a second worm, a second worm wheel, a columnar block, a rectangular frame plate, a vertical rod, a spoiler and a through groove is arranged at the top of the water tank near the water inlet end, and is driven and controlled by a transmission assembly consisting of an active pulley, a driven pulley and a belt. When the water flow changes, the reciprocating up and down movement of the spoiler will be controlled to generate waves on the water surface of the river. According to the flow velocity of the river water, the frequency of the rise and fall of the spoiler is automatically controlled to simulate the oscillation phenomenon of the liquid surface when the water level rises, so that the measurement result of the boundary pressure distribution is more accurate.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions: A water tank experimental device based on multi-dimensional data collection comprises a water tank, a circulation mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the water tank, an energy dissipation mechanism is arranged at the water inlet end of the water tank, a filtering mechanism is arranged at the drainage end of the water tank, a three-dimensional compound river channel model structure is arranged at the inner bottom of the water tank, permeable baffles are arranged at both ends of the three-dimensional compound river channel model structure, pressure gauges are evenly arranged inside and on the surface of the three-dimensional compound river channel model structure, conductivity probes are arranged inside the three-dimensional compound river channel model structure and inside the river water, a tail gate is arranged at one end of the water tank near the filtering mechanism, a multi-parameter water quality meter is installed on the tail gate, an ADV flow meter is arranged at the inner top of the water tank, and a wave-making mechanism is arranged at one end of the water tank near the energy dissipation mechanism; The structure of the three-dimensional complex river channel model includes riverbed sediments, sediment layers, main river channels, shoals and water-sand interfaces. The riverbed sediments are located at the inner bottom of the water channel, sediment layers are arranged inside the riverbed sediments, the main river channel is arranged on one side of the top of the riverbed sediments, and shoals are arranged on the other side of the top of the riverbed sediments, and a water-sand interface is arranged at the top of the main river channel and the shoal.

[0007] Preferably: the circulation mechanism includes a water reservoir, a variable frequency circulation pump, a circulating water pipe, a valve and an electromagnetic flowmeter, the water reservoir is arranged at the bottom of the water tank near the drainage end, the interior of the water reservoir is connected to the drainage end of the water tank, a variable frequency circulation pump is installed on the side of the water reservoir, a circulating water pipe is installed at the output end of the variable frequency circulation pump, a valve is installed at one end of the circulating water pipe, an electromagnetic flowmeter is installed at the other end of the circulating water pipe, and the top of the circulating water pipe is connected to the energy dissipation mechanism.

[0008] Preferably: the energy dissipation mechanism includes a junction box, an arc groove, a shaft rod and blades, the junction box is installed at the end of the water tank, and the junction box is connected to the inside of the water tank, the top of the circulating water pipe is connected to the inside of the junction box, the inner bottom of the junction box is provided with an arc groove along the length direction, a shaft rod is rotatably installed between the two ends of the arc groove, and blades are evenly arranged on the outside of the shaft rod.

[0009] Preferably: a mesh plate is vertically arranged at a position inside the water tank close to the junction box, and water holes are evenly opened on the surface of the mesh plate.

[0010] Preferably: the wave-making mechanism includes a float, a spoiler, a through groove and a lifting assembly, the float is located between the two sides of the water tank, and the float floats on the surface of the river water, the spoiler is vertically slidably arranged on the float, the bottom of the spoiler is semi-cylindrical, and the bottom of the spoiler is located below the float, the float is provided with a through groove cooperating with the spoiler, and the float is provided with a lifting assembly for controlling the up and down movement of the through groove.

[0011] Preferably: the lifting assembly includes a first worm, a fixed block, a first worm gear, a spline groove, a spline shaft, a second worm, a second worm gear, a column block, a rectangular frame plate, a vertical rod and a driving part, the first worm gear is rotatably installed between two sides of the water tank, and a driving part is provided at the end of the first worm gear, and a fixed block is fixed on both sides of the water tank, and the top of the fixed block is rotatably installed with the first worm gear, the first worm gear is meshed with the first worm gear, and a spline shaft is vertically slidably provided on the first worm gear, and a spline groove matching the spline shaft is opened at the middle position of the first worm gear, and a second worm gear is installed at the bottom of the spline shaft, the bottom end of the second worm gear is rotatably connected to the floating plate, and the two ends of the top of the floating plate are rotatably installed with the second worm gear, the second worm gear is respectively meshed with the second worm gear, and a column block is fixed on the outer side of the second worm gear, a rectangular frame plate is provided between the two groups of column blocks, and the column blocks are all located inside the rectangular frame plate, and a vertical rod is fixed between the bottom end of the rectangular frame plate and the spoiler.

[0012] Preferably: the driving part includes a driving pulley, a driven pulley and a belt, the driving pulley is installed at the end of the first worm, and the driving pulley is located outside the water tank, the driven pulley is installed at the end of the shaft, and a belt is provided between the driven pulley and the driving pulley.

[0013] Preferably, the filtering mechanism comprises a filter screen and a collection box, the filter screen is obliquely arranged at the end of the water tank, the collection box is installed at the end of the water tank, the collection box is connected to the inside of the water tank, and the bottom end of the filter screen faces the collection box.

[0014] Preferably, a pull-out box is vertically slidably arranged inside the collection box, a water leakage hole is provided at the bottom end of the pull-out box, and a handle is provided at the top end of the pull-out box.

[0015] Preferably: the filter is vertically slidably arranged between the water tank and the permeable partition, a fixing plate is fixed between the side of the permeable partition and the end face of the water tank, a spring is provided between the top of the fixing plate and the filter, a sliding rod is vertically fixed to the bottom of the filter, the sliding rod passes through the inside of the spring and is slidably connected to the fixing plate.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention provides a flume experimental device based on multi-dimensional data collection. A three-dimensional compound river channel model structure composed of riverbed sediments, sediment layers, main river channels, shoals, and water-sand interfaces is arranged inside the flume to simulate the nearshore part of the river channel at half of the compound river channel section as a research object. The three-dimensional physical model can intuitively present these spatial heterogeneous flows, make up for the deficiencies of traditional two-dimensional models or numerical simulations in the vertical momentum exchange and turbulent vortex characterization, and can simulate the infiltration of surface water to replenish groundwater during floods through riverbed sediments and sediment layers, reveal the law of solute migration, and dynamically simulate the interaction between surface and groundwater. In addition, pressure gauges and conductivity probes are arranged inside, on the surface, and inside the river water of the three-dimensional compound river channel model structure to accurately collect and detect the solute concentration and bed pressure of the river water, and in addition, an ADV flow meter is used to monitor the flow rate of the river water on the water-passing section, so that the detection result is more accurate. By arranging an energy dissipation mechanism composed of a junction box, an arc groove, a shaft, a blade and a mesh plate at the water inlet end of the water tank, the kinetic energy of the water flow at the water inlet can be reduced during use, making the flow rate more uniform; A wave-making mechanism consisting of a floating plate, a first worm, a fixed block, a first worm wheel, a spline groove, a spline shaft, a second worm, a second worm wheel, a columnar block, a rectangular frame plate, a vertical rod, a spoiler and a through groove is arranged at the top of the water tank near the water inlet end, and is driven and controlled by a transmission assembly consisting of an active pulley, a driven pulley and a belt. When the water flow changes, the reciprocating up and down movement of the spoiler is controlled to generate waves on the water surface of the river channel. The frequency of the rise and fall of the spoiler is automatically controlled according to the flow rate of the river water, and the oscillation phenomenon of the liquid surface when the water level rises is simulated, so that the measurement result of the boundary pressure distribution is more accurate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a front cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of a water tank experimental device based on multi-dimensional data acquisition of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a front view of a preferred embodiment of a water tank experimental device based on multi-dimensional data acquisition of the present invention; Figure 3 A structural diagram of a three-dimensional complex river channel model of a preferred embodiment of a flume experimental device based on multi-dimensional data acquisition according to the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of data collection of a cross-section of a water tank in a preferred embodiment of a water tank experimental device based on multi-dimensional data collection of the present invention; Figure 5 A preferred embodiment of a water tank experimental device based on multi-dimensional data acquisition of the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 6 A preferred embodiment of a water tank experimental device based on multi-dimensional data acquisition of the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 7 A wave-making mechanism diagram of a preferred embodiment of a water tank experimental device based on multi-dimensional data acquisition according to the present invention; Figure 8 A preferred embodiment of a water tank experimental device based on multi-dimensional data acquisition of the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged view of point C in the middle.

[0018] In the figure: 1. Sink; 2. Circulation mechanism; 201. Water reservoir; 202. Frequency conversion circulation pump; 203. Circulation water pipe; 204. Valve; 205. Electromagnetic flowmeter; 3. Energy dissipation mechanism; 301. Combiner box; 302. Arc groove; 303. Shaft; 304. Blade; 305. Mesh plate; 4. Filter mechanism; 401. Filter screen; 402. Collection box; 403. Pulling box; 404. Leakage hole; 405. Fixing plate; 406. Spring; 407. Sliding rod; 5. Three-dimensional complex river channel model structure; 501. Riverbed sediments; 502. Sediment stratification; 503. Main river channel; 504. Shoal; 505. Water-sand interface; 6. Permeable baffle; 7. Pressure gauge; 8. Conductivity probe; 9. ADV flow meter; 10. Tail gate; 11. Multi-parameter water quality meter; 12. wave-making mechanism; 1201. floating plate; 1202. first worm; 1203. fixed block; 1204. first worm wheel; 1205. spline groove; 1206. spline shaft; 1207. second worm; 1208. second worm wheel; 1209. columnar block; 1210. rectangular frame plate; 1211. vertical rod; 1212. spoiler; 1213. through groove; 1214. driving pulley; 1215. driven pulley; 1216. belt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the technical solution of the present invention more clear and specific to those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings, but the implementation manner of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0020] like Figure 1-Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment provides a water tank experimental equipment based on multi-dimensional data collection, including a water tank 1, a circulation mechanism 2 is provided at the bottom of the water tank 1, an energy dissipation mechanism 3 is provided at the water inlet end of the water tank 1, a filtering mechanism 4 is provided at the drainage end of the water tank 1, a three-dimensional compound river channel model structure 5 is provided at the inner bottom of the water tank 1, permeable baffles 6 are provided at both ends of the three-dimensional compound river channel model structure 5, pressure gauges 7 are evenly provided inside and on the surface of the three-dimensional compound river channel model structure 5, conductivity probes 8 are provided inside the three-dimensional compound river channel model structure 5 and the river water, a tail gate 10 is provided at one end of the water tank 1 near the filtering mechanism 4, a multi-parameter water quality meter 11 is installed on the tail gate 10, an ADV flow meter 9 is provided at the inner top of the water tank 1, and a wave-making mechanism 12 is provided at one end of the water tank 1 near the energy dissipation mechanism 3; The three-dimensional complex river channel model structure 5 includes riverbed sediment 501, sediment layer 502, main river channel 503, shoal 504 and water-sand interface 505. The riverbed sediment 501 is located at the inner bottom of the water channel 1. The interior of the riverbed sediment 501 is provided with sediment layer 502. One side of the top of the riverbed sediment 501 is provided with the main river channel 503. The other side of the top of the riverbed sediment 501 is provided with a shoal 504. The top of the main river channel 503 and the shoal 504 is provided with a water-sand interface 505.

[0021] Overall working principle: During the experiment, water is injected from the water inlet end of the water tank 1 through the circulation mechanism 2. The water has a large initial function when discharged and is unevenly distributed. The energy dissipation mechanism 3 is used to reduce the kinetic energy of the water flow and evenly disperse the water source into the water tank 1. Then the water flows through the top of the three-dimensional compound river channel model structure 5. The two parameters of flood peak and flood duration are selected to study the changes of the main flow velocity, secondary flow vortex structure, turbulence characteristics and boundary pressure distribution of the water section during the single-peak flood cycle under different working conditions. AD The V flow meter 9, the multi-parameter water quality meter 11 and the pressure gauge 7 monitor the flow rate, solute concentration and bed pressure of the river water. At the same time, when the river water flows through, the wave-making mechanism 12 continuously makes waves on the surface of the river water, and the size of the waves is regulated by the change of the water flow rate, so as to more realistically simulate the oscillation of the liquid surface when the water level rises, so as to ensure the accuracy of the measurement results. In addition, after the water flow is discharged from the end of the three-dimensional complex river model structure 5, the filtering mechanism 4 is used to filter the sediment in the water flow to ensure the accuracy of the solute concentration measurement.

[0022] In this embodiment, the circulation mechanism 2 includes a water reservoir 201, a variable frequency circulation pump 202, a circulating water pipe 203, a valve 204 and an electromagnetic flowmeter 205. The water reservoir 201 is arranged at the bottom of the water tank 1 near the drainage end, and the interior of the water reservoir 201 is connected to the drainage end of the water tank 1. The variable frequency circulation pump 202 is installed on the side of the water reservoir 201, and the circulating water pipe 203 is installed at the output end of the variable frequency circulation pump 202. A valve 204 is installed at one end of the circulating water pipe 203, and an electromagnetic flowmeter 205 is installed at the other end of the circulating water pipe 203. The top of the circulating water pipe 203 is connected to the energy dissipation mechanism 3.

[0023] Local working principle: When in use, the water source inside the water reservoir 201 is extracted by the variable frequency circulation pump 202 to replenish the water inlet end of the water tank 1, and the water at the discharge end of the water tank 1 is filtered and then returned to the inside of the water reservoir 201 to ensure the stable circulation of the water flow. In addition, during the circulation of the water flow, the flow rate is detected by the electromagnetic flowmeter 205. When in use, the control system controls the flow rate of the variable frequency circulation pump 202 to simulate the state of flooding.

[0024] In this embodiment, the energy dissipation mechanism 3 includes a junction box 301, an arc groove 302, a shaft rod 303 and a blade 304. The junction box 301 is installed at the end of the water tank 1, and the junction box 301 is connected to the interior of the water tank 1. The top of the circulating water pipe 203 is connected to the interior of the junction box 301. The inner bottom of the junction box 301 is provided with an arc groove 302 along the length direction. The shaft rod 303 is rotatably installed between the two ends of the arc groove 302, and the blades 304 are evenly arranged on the outside of the shaft rod 303.

[0025] Local working principle: After the circulating water enters the interior of the junction box 301 through the circulating water pipe 203, the water flow will directly impact the blade 304 and control the rotation of the shaft 303. The blade 304 is used to offset the impact force of the local water flow, and then the water flow that has passed the energy dissipation will enter the interior of the water tank 1.

[0026] In this embodiment, a mesh plate 305 is vertically arranged inside the water tank 1 near the junction box 301 , and water holes are evenly opened on the surface of the mesh plate 305 .

[0027] Local working principle: After the initial energy dissipation, the water flow is gathered at the position between the mesh plate 305 and the water tank 1, and the mesh plate 305 is used for further energy dissipation. Then the water flow passes through the mesh holes on the mesh plate 305 evenly, and the water flow enters evenly from the end of the three-dimensional compound river model structure 5.

[0028] In this embodiment, the wave-making mechanism 12 includes a float 1201, a spoiler 1212, a through groove 1213 and a lifting assembly. The float 1201 is located between the two sides of the water tank 1, and the float 1201 floats on the surface of the river water. The spoiler 1212 is vertically slidably arranged on the float 1201. The bottom of the spoiler 1212 is semi-cylindrical, and the bottom of the spoiler 1212 is located below the float 1201. The float 1201 is provided with a through groove 1213 that cooperates with the spoiler 1212, and the float 1201 is provided with a lifting assembly that controls the up and down movement of the through groove 1213.

[0029] Local working principle: During the flood simulation, the float 1201 always floats on the water surface. As the liquid level rises, water waves will be generated during the flood level rise, and the greater the water flow rate, the greater the oscillation amplitude of the water waves. Therefore, in the process of simulating flood, the spoiler 1212 is controlled by the lifting mechanism to continuously move up and down to generate water waves.

[0030] In this embodiment, the lifting assembly includes a first worm 1202, a fixed block 1203, a first worm wheel 1204, a spline groove 1205, a spline shaft 1206, a second worm 1207, a second worm wheel 1208, a columnar block 1209, a rectangular frame plate 1210, a vertical rod 1211 and a driving unit. The first worm 1202 is rotatably installed between the two sides of the water tank 1, and a driving unit is provided at the end of the first worm 1202. Fixed blocks 1203 are fixed on both sides of the water tank 1, and the top of the fixed block 1203 is rotatably installed with the first worm wheel 1204. The first worm wheel 1204 is meshed with the first worm 1202, and the first worm wheel 1204 is vertically slidably provided with a spline shaft 1206. A spline groove 1205 cooperating with the spline shaft 1206 is provided at the middle position of a worm wheel 1204, a second worm 1207 is installed at the bottom end of the spline shaft 1206, the bottom end of the second worm 1207 is rotatably connected to the floating plate 1201, and second worm wheels 1208 are rotatably installed at both ends of the top of the floating plate 1201, the second worm wheels 1208 are respectively meshed with the second worm 1207, and column blocks 1209 are fixed to the outer side of the second worm wheel 1208, a rectangular frame plate 1210 is provided between the two groups of column blocks 1209, and the column blocks 1209 are all located inside the rectangular frame plate 1210, and a vertical rod 1211 is fixed between the bottom end of the rectangular frame plate 1210 and the spoiler 1212.

[0031] Local working principle: When controlling the generation of water waves, since the position of the floating plate 1201 is not fixed, the floating plate 1201 will drive the spline shaft 1206 to move vertically, and the spline shaft 1206 passes through the inside of the spline groove 1205, always maintaining a stable connection with the first worm gear 1204. When making waves, the rotation of the first worm 1202 is controlled by the driving unit, and the first worm 1202 drives the first worm gear 1204 to rotate. The first worm gear 1204 drives the second worm 1207 to rotate through the spline shaft 1206, and the second worm 1207 drives the second worm gear 1208 to rotate. During the rotation of the second worm gear 1208, the vertical lifting of the rectangular frame plate 1210 is controlled through the columnar block 1209, thereby controlling the reciprocating lifting of the spoiler 1212.

[0032] In this embodiment, the driving part includes a driving pulley 1214, a driven pulley 1215 and a belt 1216. The driving pulley 1214 is installed at the end of the first worm gear 1202, and the driving pulley 1214 is located on the outside of the water tank 1. The driven pulley 1215 is installed at the end of the shaft 303, and a belt 1216 is provided between the driven pulley 1215 and the driving pulley 1214.

[0033] Local working principle: During the water circulation process, as the water flow rate increases, flooding is achieved, and the increase in water flow rate will increase the impact force on the blade 304, thereby accelerating the rotation of the shaft 303. The rotation of the shaft 303 is transmitted between the pulleys to automatically control the wave-making mechanism 12.

[0034] In this embodiment, the filtering mechanism 4 includes a filter screen 401 and a collection box 402. The filter screen 401 is obliquely arranged at the end of the water tank 1, and the collection box 402 is installed at the end of the water tank 1. The collection box 402 is connected to the interior of the water tank 1, and the bottom end of the filter screen 401 faces the collection box 402.

[0035] Local working principle: There will be some sediment in the water source discharged from the three-dimensional complex river model structure 5. The water flow hits the top of the filter 401, the sediment is intercepted, and then flows into the interior of the collection box 402, and the filtered water flows back to the interior of the reservoir 201.

[0036] In this embodiment, a pull-out box 403 is vertically slidably disposed inside the collection box 402 , a water leakage hole 404 is provided at the bottom end of the pull-out box 403 , and a handle is provided at the top end of the pull-out box 403 .

[0037] Local working principle: the sediment falls into the interior of the pulling box 403. When the experiment is completed, the pulling box 403 can be lifted upwards, and then the sediment is poured back into the top of the three-dimensional compound river channel model structure 5.

[0038] In this embodiment, the filter 401 is vertically slidably arranged between the water tank 1 and the water-permeable partition 6, a fixed plate 405 is fixed between the side of the water-permeable partition 6 and the end face of the water tank 1, a spring 406 is provided between the top of the fixed plate 405 and the filter 401, and a sliding rod 407 is vertically fixed to the bottom of the filter 401, and the sliding rod 407 passes through the inside of the spring 406 and is slidably connected to the fixed plate 405.

[0039] Partial working principle: After the water flows into the top of the filter 401, it will exert a certain impact force on the spring 406, controlling the shaking of the filter 401, which can speed up the discharge of the sediment on the top of the filter 401 and improve the filtering effect.

[0040] The above description is only a further embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solutions and concepts of the present invention within the scope disclosed by the present invention, which belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water tank experimental device based on multi-dimensional data collection, comprising a water tank (1), characterized in that: A circulation mechanism (2) is provided at the bottom of the water tank (1), an energy dissipation mechanism (3) is provided at the water inlet end of the water tank (1), a filtering mechanism (4) is provided at the drainage end of the water tank (1), a three-dimensional compound river channel model structure (5) is provided at the inner bottom of the water tank (1), permeable baffles (6) are provided at both ends of the three-dimensional compound river channel model structure (5), pressure gauges (7) are evenly provided inside and on the surface of the three-dimensional compound river channel model structure (5), conductivity probes (8) are provided inside the three-dimensional compound river channel model structure (5) and the river water, a tail gate (10) is provided at one end of the water tank (1) close to the filtering mechanism (4), a multi-parameter water quality meter (11) is installed on the tail gate (10), an ADV flow meter (9) is provided at the inner top of the water tank (1), and a wave-making mechanism (12) is provided at one end of the water tank (1) close to the energy dissipation mechanism (3); The three-dimensional complex river channel model structure (5) includes riverbed sediments (501), sediment layers (502), a main river channel (503), a shoal (504) and a water-sand interface (505). The riverbed sediments (501) are located at the inner bottom of the water channel (1), a sediment layer (502) is provided inside the riverbed sediments (501), a main river channel (503) is provided on one side of the top of the riverbed sediments (501), a shoal (504) is provided on the other side of the top of the riverbed sediments (501), and a water-sand interface (505) is provided between the tops of the main river channel (503) and the shoal (504).

2. The water tank experiment equipment based on multi-dimensional data collection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The circulation mechanism (2) comprises a water reservoir (201), a variable frequency circulation pump (202), a circulation water pipe (203), a valve (204) and an electromagnetic flowmeter (205); the water reservoir (201) is arranged at the bottom of the water tank (1) near the drainage end; the interior of the water reservoir (201) is connected to the drainage end of the water tank (1); a variable frequency circulation pump (202) is installed on the side of the water reservoir (201); a circulation water pipe (203) is installed at the output end of the variable frequency circulation pump (202); a valve (204) is installed at one end of the circulation water pipe (203); an electromagnetic flowmeter (205) is installed at the other end of the circulation water pipe (203); and the top end of the circulation water pipe (203) is connected to the energy dissipation mechanism (3).

3. The water tank experiment equipment based on multi-dimensional data collection according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The energy dissipation mechanism (3) comprises a junction box (301), an arc-shaped groove (302), a shaft (303) and a blade (304); the junction box (301) is mounted at the end of the water tank (1), the junction box (301) is in communication with the interior of the water tank (1), the top of the circulating water pipe (203) is in communication with the interior of the junction box (301), the inner bottom of the junction box (301) is provided with an arc-shaped groove (302) along the length direction, the shaft (303) is rotatably mounted between the two ends of the arc-shaped groove (302), and the blades (304) are evenly arranged on the outer side of the shaft (303).

4. The water tank experiment equipment based on multi-dimensional data collection according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A mesh plate (305) is vertically arranged at a position inside the water tank (1) close to the junction box (301), and water holes are evenly opened on the surface of the mesh plate (305).

5. A water tank experiment equipment based on multi-dimensional data collection according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The wave-making mechanism (12) comprises a floating plate (1201), a spoiler (1212), a through groove (1213) and a lifting assembly. The floating plate (1201) is located between two sides of the water tank (1) and floats on the surface of the river water. The floating plate (1201) is provided with a spoiler (1212) for vertical sliding. The bottom of the spoiler (1212) is semi-cylindrical and the bottom of the spoiler (1212) is located below the floating plate (1201). The floating plate (1201) is provided with a through groove (1213) that cooperates with the spoiler (1212). The floating plate (1201) is provided with a lifting assembly for controlling the through groove (1213) to move up and down.

6. The water tank experiment equipment based on multi-dimensional data collection according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lifting assembly comprises a first worm (1202), a fixed block (1203), a first worm wheel (1204), a spline groove (1205), a spline shaft (1206), a second worm (1207), a second worm wheel (1208), a columnar block (1209), a rectangular frame plate (1210), a vertical rod (1211) and a driving unit. The first worm (1202) is rotatably mounted between two sides of the water tank (1). The end of the first worm (1202) is provided with a driving unit. Fixed blocks (1203) are fixed on both sides of the water tank (1). The top of the fixed blocks (1203) is rotatably mounted with a first worm wheel (1204). The first worm wheel (1204) is meshed with the first worm (1202). The first worm wheel (1204) is vertically slidably provided with a spline shaft (1206). A spline groove (1205) matching with the spline shaft (1206) is provided at the middle position of the wheel (1204); a second worm (1207) is installed at the bottom end of the spline shaft (1206); the bottom end of the second worm (1207) is rotatably connected to the floating plate (1201); a second worm wheel (1208) is rotatably installed at both ends of the top of the floating plate (1201); the second worm wheel (1208) is respectively meshed with the second worm (1207); a columnar block (1209) is fixed on the outer side of the second worm wheel (1208); a rectangular frame plate (1210) is provided between the two groups of columnar blocks (1209); the columnar blocks (1209) are all located inside the rectangular frame plate (1210); a vertical rod (1211) is fixed between the bottom end of the rectangular frame plate (1210) and the spoiler (1212).

7. The water tank experiment equipment based on multi-dimensional data collection according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The driving unit comprises a driving pulley (1214), a driven pulley (1215) and a belt (1216); the driving pulley (1214) is mounted on the end of the first worm (1202), and the driving pulley (1214) is located outside the water tank (1); the driven pulley (1215) is mounted on the end of the shaft (303), and a belt (1216) is provided between the driven pulley (1215) and the driving pulley (1214).

8. The water tank experiment equipment based on multi-dimensional data collection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The filtering mechanism (4) comprises a filter screen (401) and a collection box (402); the filter screen (401) is arranged obliquely at the end of the water tank (1); the collection box (402) is installed at the end of the water tank (1); the collection box (402) is connected to the interior of the water tank (1); and the bottom end of the filter screen (401) faces the collection box (402).

9. The water tank experiment equipment based on multi-dimensional data collection according to claim 8, characterized in that: A lifting box (403) is vertically slidably arranged inside the collecting box (402), a water leakage hole (404) is provided at the bottom end of the lifting box (403), and a handle is provided at the top end of the lifting box (403).

10. The water tank experiment equipment based on multi-dimensional data collection according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The filter screen (401) is vertically slidably arranged between the water tank (1) and the water-permeable baffle (6); a fixing plate (405) is fixed between the side of the water-permeable baffle (6) and the end surface of the water tank (1); a spring (406) is provided between the top of the fixing plate (405) and the filter screen (401); a sliding rod (407) is vertically fixed to the bottom of the filter screen (401); the sliding rod (407) passes through the inside of the spring (406) and is slidably connected to the fixing plate (405).

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