High-temperature test system and method for particle deposition effect of turbine cooling channel

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-temperature test system and method for a particle deposition effect of a turbine cooling channel, and aims to reproduce flow loss and heat exchange characteristics caused by deposition of particles in a turbine blade in a real high-temperature environment of an aero-engine. The cold air system provides clean air with a high Reynolds number to simulate cold air; the particle conveying system continuously and uniformly conveys real particles into cold air; the heating system heats the test piece and the cold air to a real turbine working temperature through primary heating and secondary temperature control; particulate matters are wrapped by cold air to enter a test piece to be deposited, the influence of sediments on the gas-heat performance of the cooling structure is monitored through a flowmeter, a pressure sensor, an infrared thermal imager and other instruments in the measuring system, and a deposition-gas-heat mapping relation is correspondingly established with deposition distribution obtained by a three-dimensional contour scanner; the method is of great significance in predicting the degradation rule of the internal cooling performance of the blade caused by deposition and developing an internal dust reduction structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of cooling of turbine blades of aircraft engines, and in particular relates to a high-temperature test system and method for particle deposition effects in turbine cooling channels. Background Art

[0002] Aircraft engines operating for a long time in an environment with high concentrations of particulate matter (volcanic ash, sand, sea salt, etc.) will seriously harm their aero-thermal performance. Particulate matter will enter the interior of the turbine blades through the secondary air system. In it, on the one hand, due to the low temperature and the interaction of multiple cooling structures, the particles form a unique deposition mechanism, making it difficult to use the mature high-temperature deposition theory to predict its harm; on the other hand, the narrow internal space amplifies the impact of particle deposits on blade performance and the deposits are difficult to remove. Accurately simulating the particle deposition phenomenon in the cooling channel inside the turbine blade and analyzing the impact of the deposits on the degradation of the aero-thermal performance of the cooling structure is an urgent and important engineering work, which can also lay a theoretical foundation and provide technical reserves for the dust prevention design of the cooling structure of the turbine blade of advanced aircraft engines.

[0003] In the existing public literature, there are limited experimental studies on particle deposition in internal cooling channels under high temperature conditions. The design difficulties are mainly reflected in the following aspects: 1. Due to the temperature shock effect, it is difficult to quickly and accurately control the temperature in high temperature experiments; 2. Conventional seals are very likely to fail under high temperature conditions, the sealing of test pieces and pipeline connections is difficult to ensure, and leakage of high-temperature airflow is likely to cause safety accidents; 3. The complex confined space inside the blade, as well as the particle contamination and extremely high temperature environment will bring huge technical challenges to data measurement, including limited measurement channels, measurement errors, and equipment damage. In addition, the research cost of high-temperature experiments is usually high.

[0004] Due to the above technical challenges, there is an urgent need to design a more reasonable experimental system to measure the impact of particle deposition on the aero-thermal performance of the internal cooling structure of turbine blades. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-temperature test system and method for the particle deposition effect of a turbine cooling channel in response to the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, so as to simulate the deposition effect of particles in the internal cooling structure of the turbine blades under high temperature conditions close to the actual working environment of the aircraft engine turbine, so as to solve the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned high-temperature deposition experiment of the aircraft engine turbine.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions: High temperature test system for particle deposition effects in turbine cooling channels, including: Cooling system: the high-pressure gas in the cooling system is divided into two paths and enters the particle conveying system and the heating system respectively, and then is mixed and enters the cooling structure test piece inside the blade to simulate the cooling air inside the blade; A pellet delivery system for delivering real ISO-compliant pellets into the cold air line; The heating system is used to heat the test piece to the real working environment inside the aircraft engine turbine blade, and heat the cold air and the particles carried in it to the real cold air temperature in the turbine, restoring the deposition effect of particles in the cooling structure inside the turbine blade; The measuring system is used to obtain the metal temperature on the surface of the blade internal cooling structure test piece, the flow loss inside the blade internal cooling structure test piece, and monitor the change pattern of the cold air flow in the internal cooling structure with the deposition of particulate matter.

[0007] Preferably, the cooling system comprises a high-pressure gas supply device and a connecting pipeline thereof, and the high-pressure gas supply device is divided into two routes to enter the particle conveying system and the heating system respectively.

[0008] Preferably, the compressed gas supply device comprises a compressor, a cold dryer and a filter which are connected in sequence, and the outlet of the filter is connected to the particle conveying system pressure controller and the heating system pressure controller respectively.

[0009] Preferably, the particle conveying system comprises a glass container, a metal funnel and a conveying belt are arranged inside the glass container, and an outlet of the metal funnel is connected to a cold air pipeline.

[0010] Preferably, an air inlet of the particle conveying system is provided on the glass container, and a track controller for controlling the rotation speed of the conveying track is arranged at the bottom of the glass container.

[0011] Preferably, the heating system includes a primary heating system consisting of a muffle furnace and a heat exchange coil inside the muffle furnace, a secondary temperature control device is arranged outside the muffle furnace, and the blade internal cooling structure test piece is arranged inside the muffle furnace.

[0012] Preferably, the length of the heat exchange coil is 20-40 m.

[0013] Preferably, the measurement system includes a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, an infrared thermal imager and a three-dimensional profile scanner. The pressure sensor and the temperature sensor are arranged on the blade internal cooling structure test piece, and are connected to the computer acquisition and conversion control end outside the muffle furnace of the heating system through the sensor channel; the infrared thermal imager and the three-dimensional profile scanner are arranged at the optical window on one side of the muffle furnace wall, and are respectively connected to the computer acquisition and conversion control end.

[0014] Preferably, the blade internal cooling structure test piece discharges the exhaust gas into the atmosphere through a pipeline via a terminal exhaust gas treatment device and a flow sensor, and the flow sensor is connected to a computer acquisition conversion control terminal.

[0015] Another technical solution of the present invention is an experimental method for a high temperature test system for particle deposition effect in a turbine cooling channel, comprising the following steps: S1. Open the particle conveying system and evenly spread a layer of particles on the top of the conveying track of the particle conveying system; S2, turn on the cooling system to provide cooling air for the entire experimental system; S3, turning on the heating system to heat the cooling structure test piece inside the blade and the cold air in the pipeline; S4, adjusting the pressure ratio of the particle conveying system and the heating system so that the pressure of the particle conveying system is always higher than the pressure of the heating system; S5. calibrating the infrared thermal imager according to the surface temperature of the blade internal cooling structure test piece obtained by the temperature sensor; S6. When the pressure and temperature of the blade internal cooling structure test piece are stable, the particles are controlled to be uniformly mixed with the cold air and enter the blade internal cooling structure test piece for deposition; S7, recording the flow rate during the particle deposition process and the pressure changes at various positions of the blade internal cooling structure test piece, recording the temperature distribution changes on the surface of the blade internal cooling structure test piece, and recording the flow rate changes during the deposition process; S8. After the particle conveying is completed, the cooling system and the heating system are kept working to simulate the stripping effect of the airflow on the sediment; S9, turn off the heating system, and after the cooling structure test piece inside the blade cools down, turn off the cooling system; S10, disassembling the blade internal cooling structure test piece, and scanning to obtain the particle deposition morphology inside the blade internal cooling structure test piece.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: (1) The primary heating and secondary temperature control in the heating system are combined with each other through feedback control, which can not only ensure that the internal cooling structure test piece of the turbine blade is in the high-temperature working environment inside the real turbine blade, but also appropriately reduce the temperature of the cold air mixed with real particles to simulate the real cold air working conditions of the engine.

[0017] (2) The glass container used in the particle conveying system ensures that the particle release can be directly observed during the experiment, and the track speed can be adjusted in time through the controller outside the glass container to control the particle release rate.

[0018] (3) All measurements at high temperatures are non-contact or with protective structures, which ensures both the safety of the experimenters’ operations and the reliability of the measurement data.

[0019] (4) Cross-validation and mutual calibration of multiple devices to monitor the changes in aerodynamic performance and heat transfer performance of the internal cooling structure test piece in real time.

[0020] (5) The test piece adopts a modular and detachable design, which not only facilitates the construction of the experimental system and the installation of equipment, but also enables the deposition morphology inside the test piece to be intuitively obtained after the deposition is completed.

[0021] In summary, the present invention heats the test piece and cold air to the actual turbine operating temperature through primary heating and secondary temperature control; particulate matter enters the test piece under the influence of cold air and is deposited, and the flow meter, pressure sensor, and infrared thermal imager in the measurement system are used to monitor the influence of the deposits on the gas-thermal performance of the cooling structure, and a deposition-gas-thermal mapping relationship is established corresponding to the deposition distribution obtained by the three-dimensional profile scanner, which is of great significance for predicting the degradation law of the internal cooling performance of the blade and developing an internal dust reduction structure.

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings to be used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a high temperature experimental system for studying the particle deposition effect in the internal cooling channel of a turbine blade provided by the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the particle conveying system.

[0025] Among them: 1. compressor, 2. cold dryer, 3. filter, 4. particle conveying system pressure controller, 5. heating system pressure controller, 6. screw hole-bolt combination, 7. glass container, 8. metal funnel, 9 conveyor belt, 10. particle conveying system air inlet, 11. muffle furnace, 12. heat exchange coil, 13. secondary temperature control device, 14. blade internal cooling structure test piece, 15. pressure sensor, 16. temperature sensor, 17. exhaust gas treatment device, 18. optical window, 19. sensor channel, 20. infrared thermal imager, 21. three-dimensional profile scanner, 22. computer acquisition and conversion control terminal, 23. flow sensor, 24. belt controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "one side", "one end", "one side" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0029] It should be understood that when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "include" and "comprises" indicate the presence of described features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0030] It should also be understood that the terms used in the present specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the present specification and the appended claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include plural forms.

[0031] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the present description and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.

[0032] Various structural schematic diagrams of the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. These figures are not drawn to scale, and some details are magnified and some details may be omitted for the purpose of clear expression. The shapes of various regions and layers shown in the figures and the relative sizes and positional relationships therebetween are only exemplary, and may deviate in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and those skilled in the art may additionally design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions according to actual needs.

[0033] The present invention provides a high-temperature test system and method for the particle deposition effect in a turbine cooling channel, which are used to simulate the high temperature and particle pollution working environment of an aircraft engine turbine, solve the technical challenges faced by high-temperature deposition experiments, reproduce the particle deposition phenomenon inside the turbine blade, and measure the changes in the aero-thermal performance of the internal cooling structure under different deposition times by building a high-temperature deposition experimental system. The general law of the influence of deposition on the cooling capacity of the blade is obtained, which provides a theoretical basis and data support for the development of internal dust-proof structures of advanced aircraft engine turbine blades.

[0034] See also Figure 1 , the present invention provides a high temperature test system for particle deposition effect in turbine cooling channel, comprising a cooling system, a heating system, a particle conveying system and a measuring system; The cooling system includes a high-pressure gas supply device and its connecting pipelines, wherein the high-pressure gas is divided into two paths and enters the particle conveying system and the heating system respectively, and then is mixed and enters the blade internal cooling structure test piece 14 to simulate the cooling air inside the blade, and its maximum Reynolds number reaches 80,000, which is close to the actual operating conditions of the aircraft engine; The glass container 7 and its internal conveyor belt 9 and metal funnel 8 constitute a particle conveying system and are connected to the cold air system to convey the real particles that meet ISO standards to the high-temperature cold air in the cold air pipeline; The heating system has primary heating and secondary temperature control functions, wherein the primary heating includes the muffle furnace 11 and the heat exchange coil 12 inside it, which are mainly responsible for heating the cooling structure test piece 14 inside the blade to the actual metal temperature inside the blade, and heating the airflow to a temperature close to the actual cold air temperature. The secondary temperature control is the secondary temperature control device 13 outside the muffle furnace 11, which accurately controls the high-temperature airflow after primary heating and mixing with the actual particles to reach the actual cold air temperature. The infrared thermal imager 20 and the three-dimensional profile scanner 21 monitor the test piece through the optical window 18 opened on the furnace wall of the muffle furnace 11. The pressure sensor 15 and the temperature sensor 16 output the signal outside the furnace through the sensor channel 19. A flow sensor 23 is also installed after the terminal exhaust gas treatment device 17 of the experimental system. They are all connected to the computer acquisition and conversion control terminal 22 to form a measurement system.

[0035] By simulating the real high-temperature working environment of aircraft engine turbine blades, the deposition effect of particulate matter in the internal cooling structure of turbine blades is restored, and the influence of particulate deposition on the aero-thermal performance of the blade cooling structure is studied.

[0036] The high-pressure gas supply device includes a compressor 1, a cold dryer 2 and a filter 3 which are connected in sequence. The outlet of the filter 3 is respectively connected to a particle conveying system pressure controller 4 and a heating system pressure controller 5. All connecting pipelines are made of 310S high-temperature resistant stainless steel.

[0037] The main body of the particle conveying system is a glass container 7 combined with a cylinder head. A conveying track 9 whose rotation speed can be controlled by a track controller 24 is arranged at the bottom of the glass container 7. The real particles that meet ISO standards and are spread on the top of the track are evenly conveyed to a metal funnel 8 connected to a cold air pipeline, and the particles are then mixed with the cold air in the pipeline.

[0038] Among them, high-pressure gas enters the glass container 7 through the air inlet 10 of the particle conveying system, and then leaves the particle conveying system from the metal funnel 8 with the particles and merges into the high-temperature cold air. The pressure of the particle conveying system should be higher than the pressure of the heating system to ensure that the particles can smoothly enter the cold air pipeline without backflow; the pipeline after the particle conveying system is connected to the cold air system goes directly to the blade internal cooling structure test piece 14, and no corners appear, preventing particles from being deposited in the connecting pipeline.

[0039] The glass container 7 is sealed and connected by screw hole-bolt fitting 6 .

[0040] The primary heating system includes a muffle furnace 11 and a 310S high-temperature resistant metal heat exchange coil 12 arranged on the top thereof. The muffle furnace 11 can not only heat the blade internal cooling structure test piece 14 arranged at the bottom of the furnace to the internal metal temperature of the real blade and provide insulation, but also heat the airflow in the heat exchange coil 12 with a total length of 20 to 40 m at the top of the furnace to reach a temperature close to that of real cold air.

[0041] The secondary temperature control device 13 is arranged outside the muffle furnace 11 and combined with the pipeline after the heat exchange coil 12. The secondary temperature control device can be a water cooling or air cooling device to reduce the temperature of the air flow after the primary heating to the actual cold air temperature and accurately control its temperature.

[0042] The exhaust gas treatment device 17 filters and cools the high-temperature cold air containing particulate matter so that it can be directly discharged into the atmosphere and ensure the normal operation of the subsequent flow sensor 23.

[0043] An infrared thermal imager 20 is used to obtain the metal temperature on the surface of the blade internal cooling structure test piece 14. A temperature sensor 16 is bonded to the surface of the blade internal cooling structure test piece 14 using a high thermal conductivity and high temperature resistant inorganic adhesive to eliminate contact thermal resistance, and the infrared thermal imager 20 is calibrated accordingly. A pressure-inducing hole is opened on the blade internal cooling structure test piece 14 to arrange a pressure sensor 15 to obtain the flow loss inside the blade internal cooling structure test piece 14. A flow sensor 23 is installed at the end of the experimental system to monitor the change of the cold air flow in the internal cooling structure as particulate matter is deposited.

[0044] The test piece adopts a modular and detachable design, and the modules are fastened using bolt-screw hole matching; at the same time, all joints are sealed with red copper and high-thermal-conductivity and high-temperature-resistant inorganic glue.

[0045] An experimental method for a high temperature test system for particle deposition effects in a turbine cooling channel comprises the following steps: S1. Open the top cover of the glass container 7 of the particle conveying system, evenly spread a layer of particles on the top of the conveying crawler 9, and then close the top cover; S2, turn on the compressor to provide cooling air for the entire experimental system; S3, turning on the heating system to heat the test piece and the cold air in the pipeline; S4, adjusting the pressure ratio of the particle conveying system and the heating system so that the pressure of the particle conveying system is always higher than the pressure of the heating system; S5, calibrating the infrared thermal imager 20 according to the temperature sensor 16 on the surface of the blade internal cooling structure test piece 14; S6. When the readings of the pressure sensor 15 and the temperature sensor 16 of the test piece are stable, the conveying track 9 is turned on through the track controller 24, so that the particles are evenly mixed with the cold air through the metal funnel 8 and enter the test piece for deposition; S7, recording the value changes of the flow sensor 23 and each pressure sensor 15 of the test piece during the particle deposition process, and recording the temperature distribution changes on the surface of the blade internal cooling structure test piece 14 by the infrared thermal imager 20; S8. After the particle conveying is completed, the cooling system and the heating system are kept working for half an hour to simulate the stripping effect of the airflow on the sediment; S9. Turn off the heating system, and then turn off the cooling system after the test piece cools down; S10, disassembling the blade internal cooling structure test piece 14, and using a three-dimensional profile scanner to scan and obtain the particle deposition morphology inside the test piece.

[0046] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can usually be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] The working process of a high temperature test system for particle deposition effect in turbine cooling channel of the present invention is as follows: Compressor 1 compresses the air and passes through cold dryer 2 and filter 3 to obtain clean and dry high-pressure air, which is then divided into two parts and flows to the particle conveying system and heating system respectively. The pressure is adjusted by two pressure controllers; In the heating system, the muffle furnace 11 can heat the blade internal cooling structure test piece 14 at the bottom of the furnace to simulate the high temperature conditions inside the real turbine blade, and use the heat exchange coil 12 at the top of the furnace to heat the cold air. This part of the airflow then flows out of the muffle furnace 11 and enters the secondary temperature control device 13 to accurately cool down to the real cold air temperature; In the particle conveying system, the flattened real particles enter the metal funnel 8 under the transportation of the conveying crawler 9, and then, under the action of gravity and pressure difference, they are mixed with the heated cold air and enter the cooling structure test piece 14 inside the blade to be deposited; During the deposition process, the pressure sensor 15, flow sensor 23, infrared thermal imager 20 and temperature sensor 16 in the measurement system are used to monitor the changes in the gas thermal performance of the internal cooling structure in real time. After the deposition is completed, the three-dimensional profile scanner 21 is used to scan the particle deposition morphology in the cooling structure.

[0048] In the actual operation process, the specific process is as follows: After a layer of real particles is evenly spread on the top of the conveyor track 9, the top cover is closed to complete the sealing of the glass container 7; Turn on the cooling system to provide airflow for the entire experimental system; turn on the heating system to heat the test piece and cooling air respectively and adjust the temperature; Adjust the mass flow ratio of the particle conveying system and the heating system so that the pressure of the particle conveying system is higher than that of the heating system to prevent backflow in the particle conveying system; The infrared thermal imager 20 is calibrated using the temperature sensor 16 on the surface of the blade internal cooling structure test piece 14; when the readings of the pressure sensor 15, the flow sensor 23 and the temperature sensor 16 of the test piece are stable, the conveying track 9 is turned on through the track controller 24, so that the particles are evenly mixed with the cold air through the metal funnel 8 and enter the test piece for deposition; Record the value changes of the flow sensor 23 and each pressure sensor 15 in the test piece during the particle deposition process, and use the infrared thermal imager 20 to record the temperature distribution changes on the surface of the blade internal cooling structure test piece 14; After the particle delivery is completed, the cooling system and the heating system are kept working for half an hour to simulate the effect of airflow on the stripping of sediments; The heating system is turned off, and the cooling system is turned off after the test piece cools down; finally, the blade internal cooling structure test piece 14 is disassembled, and the particle deposition morphology inside the test piece is obtained by scanning with a three-dimensional profile scanner.

[0049] See also Figure 2 In the experimental preparation stage, the particles are spread flat on the top of the conveyor track 9 and the lid is closed to complete the sealing of the glass container 7 through the screw hole-bolt combination 6; when the particle release stage begins, the conveyor track 9 is started through the track controller 24, and the particles are transported to the metal funnel 8 by the track. Under the action of gravity and pressure difference, the particles enter the metal funnel 8 and then mix with the cold air to enter the blade internal cooling structure test piece 14.

[0050] In summary, the present invention provides a high temperature test system and method for the particle deposition effect of a turbine cooling channel, which is used to simulate the effect of the deposition effect of particles inside a turbine blade under the high temperature working conditions of a real turbine blade on the gas-thermal characteristics of the cooling structure inside the blade, and obtains the deposition characteristics of particles in the cooling structure inside the blade under the high temperature working conditions of the turbine blade and the gas-thermal performance change law of the cooling structure during the deposition process through a cooling system, a heating system, a particle generation system and a measurement system. According to the application results of the above embodiments, the present invention has a high application value in the field of turbine blade cooling.

[0051] The above contents are only for explaining the technical idea of ​​the present invention and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solution in accordance with the technical idea proposed by the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high temperature test system for particle deposition effects in turbine cooling channels, characterized in that: include: A cooling system, wherein the high-pressure gas in the cooling system is divided into two paths and enters the particle conveying system and the heating system respectively, and then is mixed and enters the cooling structure test piece (14) inside the blade to simulate the cooling air inside the blade; A pellet delivery system for delivering real ISO-compliant pellets into the cold air line; The heating system is used to heat the test piece to the real working environment inside the aircraft engine turbine blade, and heat the cold air and the particles carried in it to the real cold air temperature in the turbine, restoring the deposition effect of particles in the cooling structure inside the turbine blade; The measuring system is used to obtain the metal temperature on the surface of the blade internal cooling structure test piece (14), the flow loss inside the blade internal cooling structure test piece (14), and monitor the change pattern of the cold air flow in the internal cooling structure as particulate matter is deposited.

2. The high temperature test system for particle deposition effect in turbine cooling channels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling system includes a high-pressure gas supply device and its connecting pipelines. The high-pressure gas supply device is divided into two routes to enter the particle conveying system and the heating system respectively.

3. The high temperature test system for particle deposition effect in turbine cooling passage according to claim 2, characterized in that: The high-pressure gas supply device comprises a compressor (1), a cold dryer (2) and a filter (3) which are connected in sequence, and an outlet of the filter (3) is respectively connected to a particle conveying system pressure controller (4) and a heating system pressure controller (5).

4. The high temperature test system for particle deposition effect in turbine cooling channels according to claim (1), characterized in that: The particle conveying system comprises a glass container (7), a metal funnel (8) and a conveying crawler (9) are arranged inside the glass container (7), and an outlet of the metal funnel (8) is connected to a cold air pipeline.

5. The high temperature test system for particle deposition effect in turbine cooling passages according to claim 4, characterized in that: The glass container (7) is provided with an air inlet (10) of a particle conveying system, and a track controller (24) for controlling the rotation speed of the conveying track (9) is arranged at the bottom of the glass container (7).

6. The high temperature test system for particle deposition effect in turbine cooling passages according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating system comprises a primary heating system consisting of a muffle furnace (11) and a heat exchange coil (12) therein; a secondary temperature control device (13) is arranged outside the muffle furnace (11); and a blade internal cooling structure test piece (14) is arranged inside the muffle furnace (11).

7. The high temperature test system for particle deposition effect in turbine cooling passages according to claim 6, characterized in that: The length of the heat exchange coil (12) is 20 to 40 m.

8. The high temperature test system for particle deposition effect in turbine cooling passages according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring system comprises a pressure sensor (15), a temperature sensor (16), an infrared thermal imager (20) and a three-dimensional profile scanner (21); the pressure sensor (15) and the temperature sensor (16) are arranged on a blade internal cooling structure test piece (14), and are connected to a computer acquisition conversion control terminal (22) outside a heating system muffle furnace (11) through a sensor channel (19); the infrared thermal imager (20) and the three-dimensional profile scanner (21) are arranged at an optical window (18) on one side of a furnace wall of the muffle furnace (11), and are respectively connected to the computer acquisition conversion control terminal (22).

9. The high temperature test system for particle deposition effect in turbine cooling passages according to claim 8, characterized in that: The blade internal cooling structure test piece (14) discharges exhaust gas into the atmosphere through a pipeline via a terminal exhaust gas treatment device (17) and a flow sensor (23), and the flow sensor (23) is connected to a computer acquisition conversion control terminal (22).

10. The experimental method of a high temperature test system for particle deposition effect in turbine cooling channels according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Open the particle conveying system and evenly spread a layer of particles on the top of the conveying track of the particle conveying system; S2, turn on the cooling system to provide cooling air for the entire experimental system; S3, turning on the heating system to heat the cooling structure test piece inside the blade and the cold air in the pipeline; S4, adjusting the pressure ratio of the particle conveying system and the heating system so that the pressure of the particle conveying system is always higher than the pressure of the heating system; S5. calibrating the infrared thermal imager according to the surface temperature of the blade internal cooling structure test piece obtained by the temperature sensor; S6. When the pressure and temperature of the blade internal cooling structure test piece are stable, the particles are controlled to be uniformly mixed with the cold air and enter the blade internal cooling structure test piece for deposition; S7, recording the flow rate during the particle deposition process and the pressure changes at various positions of the blade internal cooling structure test piece, recording the temperature distribution changes on the surface of the blade internal cooling structure test piece, and recording the flow rate changes during the deposition process; S8. After the particle conveying is completed, the cooling system and the heating system are kept working to simulate the stripping effect of the airflow on the sediment; S9, turn off the heating system, and after the cooling structure test piece inside the blade cools down, turn off the cooling system; S10, disassembling the blade internal cooling structure test piece, and scanning to obtain the particle deposition morphology inside the blade internal cooling structure test piece.

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