Building steel structure tension testing device and method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a building steel structure tension testing device and a method thereof, and relates to the technical field of tension testing devices. The testing device specifically comprises a testing frame composed of a transverse plate, two vertical plates and a base, and further comprises a stretching box connected between the two vertical plates in a sliding mode, sliding wheels rotationally connected to the two ends of the stretching box through a first rotating shaft, two stopping and braking mechanisms arranged in the stretching box and a monitoring assembly. By arranging the monitoring assembly, if a steel structure is broken, a photoelectric sensor in the monitoring assembly can sense the rotating speed of a speed measuring disc and form a corresponding rotating speed signal, a controller performs corresponding processing operation after receiving the signal, and finally the stretching box is decelerated and stopped; and under the condition that the internal structure of the stretching box is not damaged, the impact force generated by steel structure fracture is reduced, and the safety of the steel structure tension test is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tension testing devices, and in particular to a tension testing device and a method for a building steel structure. Background Art

[0002] The building steel structure tensile test device is mainly used to test the tensile strength, yield point, elongation and other mechanical properties of building materials, such as steel bars, concrete, wood, etc. Its core working principle is to clamp the sample and apply tension, accurately measure the force, and record the deformation of the sample over time.

[0003] After searching, the Chinese patent publication number CN117782819A discloses a tensile test device for steel structure inspection, including a base and a test mechanism; a portal frame is provided on the upper surface of the base, and the left and right inner walls of the portal frame are provided with slide grooves, a slide plate is vertically slidably connected between the two slide grooves, and electric clamps are provided on the lower surface of the slide plate and the middle of the upper surface of the base, and a control unit is provided at the front end of the base, and the input end of the control unit is electrically connected to an external power supply, and the input ends of the electric clamps are electrically connected to the output end of the control unit; the test mechanism: arranged inside the whole composed of the base and the portal frame.

[0004] The above patent has the following deficiencies: when in use, when the steel structure being tested breaks, the instantaneous impact force generated is relatively large, and the slide plate is only provided with a limit push rod, which drives the anti-skid pad to fit tightly with the slide groove. However, the movable end of the limit push rod is in a vertical state with the slide groove. When the steel structure breaks, the slide plate will move vertically upward, thereby generating a force perpendicular to the limit push rod, and the limit push rod is always in tight fit with the slide groove. In the absence of a buffer, the limit push rod is very likely to be deformed, reducing its service life. If the telescopic end of the limit push rod is deformed, it will affect the safety of the steel structure tensile test. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a tensile testing device and method for building steel structures.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A tensile testing device for building steel structures, comprising a testing frame consisting of a horizontal plate, two vertical plates and a base, and further comprising: a stretching box slidably connected between the two vertical plates, a traction mechanism for pulling the stretching box upward connected to the upper end surface of the stretching box, and claws for clamping the steel structure are respectively provided on the lower end surface and the base of the stretching box; sliding wheels rotatably connected to both ends of the stretching box through a rotating shaft, and the sliding wheels are in close contact with the vertical plates; two brake mechanisms arranged in the stretching box, the brake mechanisms are used to inhibit the rotation of the sliding wheels, and the brake mechanisms include a friction component, a pushing component and a magnetic control component, the magnetic control component increases the friction coefficient between the friction component and the sliding wheel by controlling the operation of the pushing component; a monitoring component, the monitoring component is used to monitor the rotation state of the sliding wheel, and the monitoring component is also used to control the operation of the magnetic control component.

[0008] Furthermore: it also includes a frame plate connected to the stretching box, the friction assembly includes a gear 1 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 1, a rotating shaft 2 rotatably connected to the frame plate, a gear 2 connected to the rotating shaft 2, and a friction wheel 2 slidably connected to the rotating shaft 2, and the gear 1 is meshed with the gear 2.

[0009] The friction assembly also includes a friction wheel 1 arranged at a side position of the friction wheel 2, the surface of the friction wheel 1 is in active contact with the surface of the friction wheel 2, the friction wheel 2 is connected to a spring 1, and the end of the spring 1 away from the friction wheel 2 is connected to the rotating shaft 2.

[0010] Preferably, the central axis of the friction wheel 1 and the central axis of the friction wheel 2 are perpendicular to each other, and the outer shapes of the friction wheel 1 and the friction wheel 2 are both tapered.

[0011] On the basis of the above scheme: the pushing assembly includes a plurality of sliding rails fixedly connected to the frame plate, a sliding bracket slidably connected to the sliding rails and a pushing rod connected to the sliding bracket, and one end of the pushing rod is fixedly connected to a friction wheel.

[0012] A better solution in the above-mentioned solution is: a fixed ring plate is fixedly connected to the push rod, a spring 2 is connected to the fixed ring plate, and the spring 2 is sleeved on the outside of the push rod, and an end of the spring 2 away from the fixed ring plate is fixedly connected to a movable ring plate, the movable ring slides on the outer surface of the push rod, and the movable ring plate is fixedly connected to the frame plate.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the magnetic control component includes an electromagnetic block 1 connected to the other end of the push rod and an electromagnetic block 2 arranged on one side of the electromagnetic block 1, and the central axes of the electromagnetic block 1 and the electromagnetic block 2 are collinear, an insulating bracket is fixedly connected in the frame plate, and the electromagnetic block 2 is connected to the insulating bracket.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the magnetic force control component also includes a resistance coil connected to the insulating bracket and a conductive head 1 and a conductive head 2 in contact with the resistance coil, the conductive head 2 is electrically connected to the electromagnetic block 2, the conductive head 1 is connected to a conductive wire for electrically connecting to an external power transmission device, and a telescopic rod 1 is installed on the insulating bracket, and the movable end of the telescopic rod 1 is connected to the conductive head 1.

[0015] Furthermore, the monitoring component includes a speed measuring disc connected to the rotating shaft one, a photoelectric sensor for monitoring the rotational speed of the speed measuring disc, and a controller. The speed measuring disc is provided with a plurality of holes equidistantly around its central axis end. The position of the photoelectric sensor corresponds to the position of the hole. The photoelectric sensor transmits the rotational speed signal of the speed measuring disc to the controller, and the controller then outputs a control signal to control the operation of the telescopic rod one.

[0016] As a better solution of the present invention: an extension track is fixedly connected to the frame plate and a telescopic rod 2 is installed thereon, a rotating frame is slidably connected to the extension track, a movable end of the telescopic rod 2 is connected to the rotating frame, a movable gear is connected to the rotating frame, a rotating motor is installed on one side of the rotating frame, an output end of the rotating motor is connected to the movable gear, and the movable gear is movably meshed with gear 2.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. The present invention, by setting a monitoring component, can make it possible that if a steel structure breaks, the photoelectric sensor in the monitoring component senses the rotation speed of the speed measuring disk and forms a corresponding rotation speed signal. After receiving the rotation speed signal, the controller forms a controller signal, and the controller will perform corresponding processing operations.

[0019] 2. The present invention, by setting electromagnetic block 1 and electromagnetic block 2, will control the operation of telescopic rod 1 under the control of the controller. When the movable end of telescopic rod 1 moves backward, the current difference between electromagnetic block 1 and electromagnetic block 2 becomes larger, thereby causing the repulsive force formed between the two to become larger. Since electromagnetic block 2 is in a fixed state, electromagnetic block 1 will be pushed to move axially away from electromagnetic block 2, thereby causing the push rod to drive friction wheel 1 to contact friction wheel 2, and the process is gradually carried out, thereby avoiding the problem of excessive torsional force caused by instantaneous operation and protecting the structure in the stretching box.

[0020] 3. The present invention detects that the speed measuring disc is in a stationary state through the photoelectric sensor, and then outputs the information that the rotation speed is zero to the controller. After receiving the information, the controller processes the electromagnetic block 1 and the electromagnetic block 2 according to its preset internal system, and then drives the telescopic rod 2 to drive the rotating frame and the movable gear on the rotating frame to move forward, so that the stretching box is driven to move down to the initial position as a whole by rotating the movable gear, which is convenient for subsequent staff to take the steel structure for detection.

[0021] 4. The present invention arranges spring 2 on the push rod so that when in use, the compression and release of the elastic force of spring 2 causes the push rod to return to its initial position after moving, thereby helping the electromagnetic blocks 1 and 2 to return to their initial positions, thereby avoiding the occurrence of misalignment between the friction wheel 1 and the friction wheel 2 due to the large contact force. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A front view of a tensile testing device for building steel structures proposed by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a tensile box of a building steel structure tensile testing device proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 A tensile testing device for building steel structure proposed by the present invention Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of ;

[0025] Figure 4 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the internal structure of a tensile box of a building steel structure tensile testing device proposed by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a brake mechanism of a tensile testing device for a building steel structure proposed by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a friction component of a tensile testing device for building steel structures proposed by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a pushing component of a tensile testing device for building steel structures proposed by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a magnetic control component of a tensile testing device for building steel structures proposed by the present invention;

[0030] Fig. 9 A movable gear and related structural schematic diagram of a tensile testing device for building steel structures proposed by the present invention;

[0031] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a traction mechanism of a building steel structure tension testing device proposed by the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1, horizontal plate; 2, vertical plate; 3, base; 4, test frame; 5, stretching box; 6, traction mechanism; 7, clamping claw; 8, tension sensor; 9, traction rope; 10, capstan; 11, driving motor; 12, rotating shaft 1; 13, sliding wheel; 14, frame plate; 15, gear 1; 150, friction wheel 1; 16, moving shaft 2; 17, gear 2; 18, friction wheel 2; 19, spring 1; 20, sliding track; 21, sliding bracket; 22, push Moving rod; 23, fixed ring plate; 24, spring two; 25, movable ring plate; 26, electromagnetic block one; 260, conductive head one; 261, conductive wire; 27, electromagnetic block two; 270, conductive head two; 28, insulating bracket; 29, resistance coil; 30, telescopic rod one; 31, speed measuring plate; 32, photoelectric sensor; 33, controller; 34, hole slot; 35, extension track; 36, telescopic rod two; 37, rotating frame; 38, movable gear; 39, rotating motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0034] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0035] Embodiment 1:

[0036] A tensile testing device for building steel structures, such as Figure 1-10As shown, the test frame 4 comprises a horizontal plate 1, two vertical plates 2 and a base 3, and also comprises a stretching box 5 slidably connected between the two vertical plates 2, a sliding wheel 13 rotatably connected to both ends of the stretching box 5 through a rotating shaft 12, two brake mechanisms arranged in the stretching box 5 and a monitoring component. Specifically, a traction mechanism 6 for pulling the stretching box 5 upward is connected to the upper end surface of the stretching box 5, and a clamping claw 7 for clamping the steel structure is respectively arranged on the lower end surface of the stretching box 5 and the base 3, wherein the clamping claw 7 on the stretching box 5 is connected to a tension sensor 8, and the tension sensor 8 is mainly used to detect and record the tensile force of the steel structure; the sliding wheel 13 is in close contact with the vertical plate 2; the brake mechanism is used to suppress the rotation of the sliding wheel 13, and the brake mechanism comprises a friction component, a pushing component and a magnetic control component, and the magnetic control component increases the friction coefficient between the friction component and the sliding wheel 13 by controlling the operation of the pushing component; the monitoring component is used to monitor the rotation state of the sliding wheel 13, and the monitoring component is also used to control the operation of the magnetic control component.

[0037] When the above structure is in use, the traction mechanism 6 is a prior art structure, which mainly includes a traction rope 9, a winch 10 and a drive motor 11. The drive motor 11 drives the winch 10 to rotate, thereby winding and releasing the traction rope 9.

[0038] In order to solve the problem of limiting the rotation speed of the sliding wheel 13 by the friction component; Figure 6 As shown, it also includes a frame plate 14 connected to the stretching box 5, and the friction assembly includes a gear 15 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 12, a rotating shaft 2 16 rotatably connected to the frame plate 14, a gear 2 17 connected to the rotating shaft 2 16, and a friction wheel 2 18 slidably connected to the rotating shaft 2 16, and the gear 15 is meshed with the gear 2 17.

[0039] In order to limit the rotation speed of the friction wheel 150; Figure 6 As shown, the friction assembly also includes a friction wheel 150 disposed at one side of the friction wheel 2 18, the surface of the friction wheel 150 is in active contact with the surface of the friction wheel 2 18, and the friction wheel 2 18 is connected with a spring 19, and one end of the spring 19 away from the friction wheel 2 18 is connected to the rotating shaft 2 16. In order to ensure a better contact effect between the friction wheel 150 and the friction wheel 2 18, the central axis of the friction wheel 150 and the central axis of the friction wheel 2 18 are perpendicular to each other, and the outer shapes of the friction wheel 150 and the friction wheel 2 18 are both tapered. When the friction wheel 150 contacts the surface of the friction wheel 2 18, the tapered surface makes the contact between the two closer, and when the friction wheel 150 gradually approaches the friction wheel 2 18, the friction coefficient between the two will gradually increase, and present a slow increase effect, thereby reducing the instantaneous torque of the rotating shaft 2 16 and the rotating shaft 12.

[0040] In order to solve the contact problem between the friction wheel 150 and the friction wheel 2 18; Figure 7 As shown, the pushing assembly includes a plurality of sliding rails 20 fixedly connected to the frame plate 14, a sliding bracket 21 slidably connected to the sliding rails 20, and a pushing rod 22 connected to the sliding bracket 21. One end of the pushing rod 22 is fixedly connected to the friction wheel 150. An axial force is applied to the pushing rod 22, which drives the friction wheel 150 to contact the friction wheel 2 18.

[0041] In order to solve the problem of contact strength between the friction wheel 150 and the friction wheel 2 18; Figure 8 As shown, the magnetic control assembly includes an electromagnetic block 26 connected to the other end of the push rod 22 and an electromagnetic block 27 arranged on one side of the electromagnetic block 26, and the central axes of the electromagnetic blocks 26 and 27 are collinear, an insulating bracket 28 is fixedly connected in the frame plate 14, and the electromagnetic block 27 is connected to the insulating bracket 28. The electromagnetic block 26 and the electromagnetic block 27 are initially in a state of mutual repulsion.

[0042] Then the above structure also includes a resistance coil 29 connected to the insulating bracket 28 and a conductive head 1 260 and a conductive head 270 in contact with the resistance coil 29. The conductive head 270 is electrically connected to the electromagnetic block 27. The conductive head 260 is connected to a conductive wire 261 for electrically connecting to an external power transmission device. A telescopic rod 1 30 is installed on the insulating bracket 28. The movable end of the telescopic rod 1 30 is connected to the conductive head 1 260. When in use, the relative position relationship between the conductive head 1 260 and the conductive head 2 270 is changed, thereby changing the current difference between the conductive head 1 260 and the conductive head 2 270, thereby changing the repulsive force between the two. The push rod 22 is affected by the repulsive force between the two electromagnetic blocks, and the distance it travels changes accordingly.

[0043] The monitoring component includes a speed measuring disc 31 connected to the rotating shaft 12, a photoelectric sensor 32 for monitoring the rotation speed of the speed measuring disc 31, and a controller 33. The speed measuring disc 31 is provided with a plurality of holes 34 equidistantly around its central axis end. The position of the photoelectric sensor 32 corresponds to the position of the hole 34. The photoelectric sensor 32 transmits the rotation speed signal of the speed measuring disc 31 to the controller 33, and the controller 33 further outputs a control signal to control the operation of the telescopic rod 30.

[0044] When the present embodiment is in use, a sliding wheel 13 is provided on the stretching box 5 for stretching the steel structure so that the stretching box 5 can slide on the vertical plates 2 on both sides. When monitoring the stretching force, if the steel structure breaks, the stretching box 5 will instantly generate an upward force and move rapidly. When moving, the photoelectric sensor 32 in the monitoring component is used to sense the rotation speed of the speed measuring disk 31 and form a corresponding rotation speed signal. After receiving the rotation speed signal, the controller 33 forms a controller 33 signal, and the control signal controls the operation of the telescopic rod 1 30. When the movable end of the telescopic rod 1 30 moves backward, the current difference between the electromagnetic block 1 26 and the electromagnetic block 2 27 becomes larger, thereby causing the repulsive force formed between the two to become larger. Since the electromagnetic block 27 is in a fixed state, the electromagnetic block 1 26 will be pushed to move axially away from the electromagnetic block 27, thereby causing the push rod 22 drives the friction wheel 150 to contact the friction wheel 2 18, and with the operation of the telescopic rod 1 30, and the repulsive force between the electromagnetic block 1 26 and the electromagnetic block 2 27 gradually increases, so the friction coefficient between the friction wheel 150 and the friction wheel 2 18 gradually increases, so that the influence of friction on the sliding wheel 13 gradually increases, and then the sliding wheel 13 stops rotating. When the sliding wheel 13 stops rotating, the photoelectric sensor 32 will detect that the speed measuring disk 31 is in a stationary state, and then it will output the information that the speed is zero to the controller 33. After receiving the information, the controller 33 sends a control signal to control the telescopic rod 30 to run in the reverse direction according to the processing of its preset internal system, so that the repulsive force between the electromagnetic block 1 26 and the electromagnetic block 27 becomes smaller, and then the friction wheel 150 is away from the friction wheel 2 18. At this time, the stretching box 5 is in a state where it can move freely.

[0045] Embodiment 2:

[0046] A tensile testing device for building steel structures, such as Figure 7 as well as Fig. 9 As shown, in order to solve the problem of restoring the push rod 22 to its initial position after losing the external force; this embodiment makes the following improvements on the basis of embodiment 1: in order to ensure that the push rod 22 returns to its initial position, a fixed ring plate 23 is fixedly connected to the push rod 22, and a spring 24 is connected to the fixed ring plate 23, and the spring 24 is sleeved on the outside of the push rod 22, and the end of the spring 24 away from the fixed ring plate 23 is fixedly connected to a movable ring plate 25, the movable ring slides on the outer surface of the push rod 22, and the movable ring plate 25 is fixedly connected to the frame plate 14. When in use, the compression and release of the elastic force of the spring 24 will make the push rod 22 return to its initial position after moving, thereby helping the electromagnetic block 1 26 and the electromagnetic block 27 to return to their initial position, and also avoiding the occurrence of misalignment between the friction wheel 150 and the friction wheel 2 18 due to the large contact force.

[0047] In order to solve the problem of resetting the stretching box 5 as a whole; an extension track 35 and a telescopic rod 2 36 are fixedly connected to the frame plate 14, a rotating frame 37 is slidably connected to the extension track 35, the movable end of the telescopic rod 2 36 is connected to the rotating frame 37, and a movable gear 38 is connected to the rotating frame 37. A rotating motor 39 is installed on one side of the rotating frame 37, and the output end of the rotating motor 39 is connected to the movable gear 38, and the movable gear 38 is movably engaged with the gear 2 17.

[0048] When the present embodiment is in use, the photoelectric sensor 32 will detect that the speed measuring disc 31 is in a stationary state, and then it will output the information that the speed is zero to the controller 33. After receiving the information, the controller 33, according to the processing of its preset internal system, sends a control signal to control the telescopic rod 1 30 to run in the reverse direction, thereby reducing the repulsive force between the electromagnetic block 1 26 and the electromagnetic block 2 27, and then the friction wheel 1 150 is away from the friction wheel 2 18. At this time, when the stretching box 5 is in a state where it can move freely, the controller 33 will also issue instructions to the telescopic rod 2 36 and the rotating motor 39, so that the telescopic rod 2 36 drives the rotating frame 37 and the movable gear 38 on the rotating frame 37. Move forward so that the movable gear 38 is meshed with gear two 17, and then the controller 33 will output a control signal to control the operation of the rotating motor 39. At this time, the stretching box 5 is avoided from falling due to being in a free sliding state. Secondly, the controller 33 will calculate the distance traveled by the stretching box 5 based on the rotation speed of the speed measuring disk 31 measured by the previous photoelectric sensor 32, and the distance will be recorded by the controller 33 and form a control signal of a specific instruction. The control signal will drive the operating power and time of the rotating motor 39, so that it can drive the stretching box 5 to move down to the initial position as a whole by rotating the movable gear 38, so that the subsequent staff can take the steel structure for inspection.

[0049] Embodiment 3:

[0050] A method for using a tensile testing device for a building steel structure, such as Figure 1-Figure 10 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0051] S1: If the steel structure breaks, the photoelectric sensor 32 in the monitoring assembly senses the rotation speed of the speed measuring disc 31 and forms a corresponding rotation speed signal. After receiving the rotation speed signal, the controller 33 forms a controller 33 signal, and the control signal controls the operation of the telescopic rod 1 30;

[0052] S2: When the movable end of the telescopic rod 1 30 moves backward, the repulsive force between the two increases. Since the electromagnetic block 27 is in a fixed state, the electromagnetic block 1 26 is pushed to move axially away from the electromagnetic block 27, so that the push rod 22 drives the friction wheel 150 to contact the friction wheel 2 18;

[0053] S3: As the telescopic rod 1 30 moves, the repulsive force between the electromagnetic block 1 26 and the electromagnetic block 2 27 gradually increases, so that the friction coefficient between the friction wheel 1 150 and the friction wheel 2 18 gradually increases, so that the friction effect on the sliding wheel 13 gradually increases, and then the sliding wheel 13 stops rotating;

[0054] S4: The photoelectric sensor 32 detects that the speed measuring disc 31 is in a stationary state, and then outputs information that the speed is zero to the controller 33. The controller 33 controls the friction wheel 150 to move away from the friction wheel 2 18 according to the processing of its preset internal system. At this time, the stretching box 5 is in a state where it can move freely.

[0055] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tensile testing device for building steel structures, comprising a testing frame (4) consisting of a transverse plate (1), two vertical plates (2) and a base (3), characterized in that: Also includes: A stretching box (5) is slidably connected between the two vertical plates (2), the upper end surface of the stretching box (5) is connected with a traction mechanism (6) for pulling the stretching box (5) upward, and the lower end surface of the stretching box (5) and the base (3) are respectively provided with clamping claws (7) for clamping the steel structure; The sliding wheels (13) connected to the two ends of the stretching box (5) are rotated by a rotating shaft (12), and the sliding wheels (13) are in close contact with the vertical plate (2); Two brake mechanisms are arranged in the stretching box (5), the brake mechanisms are used to inhibit the rotation of the sliding wheel (13), and the brake mechanisms include a friction component, a pushing component and a magnetic control component, and the magnetic control component increases the friction coefficient between the friction component and the sliding wheel (13) by controlling the operation of the pushing component; A monitoring component is used to monitor the rotation state of the sliding wheel (13), and the monitoring component is also used to control the operation of the magnetic control component.

2. A tensile testing device for building steel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a frame plate (14) connected to the stretching box (5), the friction assembly includes a gear one (15) fixedly connected to the rotating shaft one (12), a rotating shaft two (16) rotatably connected to the frame plate (14), a gear two (17) connected to the rotating shaft two (16), and a friction wheel two (18) slidably connected to the rotating shaft two (16), and the gear one (15) and the gear two (17) are meshed with each other.

3. A tensile testing device for building steel structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The friction assembly also includes a friction wheel 1 (150) arranged at a side position of the friction wheel 2 (18), the surface of the friction wheel 1 (150) is in active contact with the surface of the friction wheel 2 (18), and the friction wheel 2 (18) is connected to a spring 1 (19), and the end of the spring 1 (19) away from the friction wheel 2 (18) is connected to the rotating shaft 2 (16).

4. A tensile testing device for building steel structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The central axis of the friction wheel 1 (150) and the central axis of the friction wheel 2 (18) are perpendicular to each other, and the outer shapes of the friction wheel 1 (150) and the friction wheel 2 (18) are both tapered.

5. A tensile testing device for building steel structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pushing assembly comprises a plurality of sliding rails (20) fixedly connected to the frame plate (14), a sliding bracket (21) slidably connected to the sliding rails (20), and a pushing rod (22) connected to the sliding bracket (21), wherein one end of the pushing rod (22) is fixedly connected to a friction wheel (150).

6. A tensile testing device for building steel structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The push rod (22) is fixedly connected to a fixed ring plate (23), the fixed ring plate (23) is connected to a second spring (24), and the second spring (24) is sleeved on the outside of the push rod (22), and one end of the second spring (24) away from the fixed ring plate (23) is fixedly connected to a movable ring plate (25), the movable ring slides on the outer surface of the push rod (22), and the movable ring plate (25) is fixedly connected to the frame plate (14).

7. A tensile testing device for building steel structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The magnetic force control component comprises an electromagnetic block 1 (26) connected to the other end of the push rod (22) and an electromagnetic block 2 (27) arranged on one side of the electromagnetic block 1 (26), and the central axes of the electromagnetic block 1 (26) and the electromagnetic block 2 (27) are collinear, and an insulating bracket (28) is fixedly connected inside the frame plate (14), and the electromagnetic block 2 (27) is connected to the insulating bracket (28).

8. A tensile testing device for building steel structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The magnetic force control assembly also includes a resistance coil (29) connected to the insulating bracket (28) and a conductive head 1 (260) and a conductive head 2 (270) in contact with the resistance coil (29); the conductive head 2 (270) is electrically connected to the electromagnetic block 2 (27); the conductive head 1 (260) is connected to a conductive wire (261) for electrically connecting to an external power transmission device; the insulating bracket (28) is mounted with a telescopic rod 1 (30); the movable end of the telescopic rod 1 (30) is connected to the conductive head 1 (260).

9. A tensile testing device for building steel structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The monitoring component comprises a speed measuring disc (31) connected to a rotating shaft (12), a photoelectric sensor (32) for monitoring the rotation speed of the speed measuring disc (31), and a controller (33). The speed measuring disc (31) is provided with a plurality of holes (34) equidistantly around its central axis end. The position of the photoelectric sensor (32) corresponds to the position of the holes (34). The photoelectric sensor (32) transmits the rotation speed signal of the speed measuring disc (31) to the controller (33). The controller (33) then outputs a control signal to control the operation of the telescopic rod (30).

10. A tensile testing device for building steel structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The frame plate (14) is fixedly connected with an extension track (35) and is installed with a second telescopic rod (36); the extension track (35) is slidably connected with a rotating frame (37); the movable end of the second telescopic rod (36) is connected to the rotating frame (37); the rotating frame (37) is connected with a movable gear (38); a rotating motor (39) is installed on one side of the rotating frame (37); the output end of the rotating motor (39) is connected to the movable gear (38), and the movable gear (38) is movably meshed with the second gear (17).

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