Device and method for testing adhesive force of biological soft tissue material

Abstract

The invention discloses a biological soft tissue material adhesion testing device and a testing method thereof.The biological soft tissue material adhesion testing device comprises a trolley system, a fixed pulley system and a testing system.The trolley system comprises a placing platform, a trolley plane and a trolley front end arranged on one side of the trolley plane, and the fixed pulley system comprises a first fixed pulley and a second fixed pulley; the testing system comprises a clamp and a tensile testing machine; the tensile testing machine is fixedly connected with the front end of the trolley through a rope, the rope sequentially winds around the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley, an objective table is arranged on the upper surface of the trolley plane, and the lower surface of the trolley plane is slidably connected with the placement platform; one end of the clamp is fixedly connected with the tensile testing machine, and the other end of the clamp is positioned right above the objective table. The adhesive force testing device for the biological soft tissue material and the testing method thereof are simple in design and clear in function, and meet the requirements of biological soft tissue tearing experiments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of material performance testing, and in particular to an adhesion testing device and a testing method for a biological soft tissue material. Background Art

[0002] Tearing of layered materials is ubiquitous in nature and is widely used in a variety of applications, from skin adhesion to high-strength aerospace structures, 3D printing, soft hydrogels to wearable devices. In addition, tearing is also common in nature, such as natural tearing in biological processes such as animal movement and plant growth. These widespread tearing phenomena have driven the development of a variety of techniques to characterize the tear properties of layered materials, adhesives, interfaces, and bulk materials.

[0003] Over the past century, many tear test methods have been proposed and gradually standardized for the tearing behavior of layered materials. These methods are widely used to evaluate the performance of materials, adhesives and interfaces in practical applications, especially when dealing with complex structures and interfaces in multiple physical states, and have important scientific and engineering value. These technologies provide effective tools for various industries to deeply understand the mechanical behavior during the tearing process, thereby optimizing material selection and design, and improving the performance and reliability of practical applications.

[0004] In the characterization of biological soft tissue materials, traditional tearing devices usually use specific clamps to achieve specific angle tearing, such as clamping two layers of samples bonded together with two clamps, one of which is fixed and the other is connected to the instrument and can move freely. The instrument controls the reverse movement of the movable clamp to simulate the tearing process, thereby measuring the adhesion between the two layers of biological soft tissue materials. At the same time, the computer system used in conjunction can display the changes in adhesion in real time.

[0005] In the prior art, this adhesion measurement method has certain limitations when performing tearing experiments on special soft tissues, such as tearing experiments on vitreous and retina. The vitreous is a viscoelastic gel with a water content of about 99%. It cannot be effectively fixed or bonded to the fixture by traditional clamps, which results in the inability to stably maintain the position of the sample during the tearing experiment, making it impossible to conduct the experiment. In addition, the existing tearing devices are usually only designed and optimized for fixed angles (such as 0°, 90°, 180°), and the selection of these angles is usually based on the ease of actual operation and common experimental requirements. However, when it is necessary to test other different angles, the modification and adaptability of the existing design are obviously insufficient, and it is not flexible to meet different experimental requirements. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an adhesion testing device for biological soft tissue materials and a testing method thereof, which has a simple design and clear functions and meets the requirements of biological soft tissue tearing experiments.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides an adhesion test device for biological soft tissue materials, comprising a trolley system, a fixed pulley system and a test system, wherein the trolley system comprises a placement platform, a trolley plane and a trolley front end arranged on one side of the trolley plane, the fixed pulley system comprises a first fixed pulley and a second fixed pulley, and the test system comprises a fixture and a tensile testing machine; The tensile testing machine is fixedly connected to the front end of the trolley through a rope, and the rope is wound around the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley in sequence. A loading platform is provided on the upper surface of the trolley plane, and the lower surface of the trolley plane is slidably connected to the placement platform. One end of the clamp is fixedly connected to the tensile testing machine, and the other end of the clamp is located directly above the loading platform.

[0008] Preferably, the trolley system also includes a trolley horizontal bracket and screws, the trolley horizontal bracket is fixedly connected to the bottom of the trolley plane through the screws, and the four corners of the trolley horizontal bracket are respectively connected to the first trolley wheel, the second trolley wheel, the third trolley wheel and the fourth trolley wheel, and the first trolley wheel, the second trolley wheel, the third trolley wheel and the fourth trolley wheel are all slidably connected to the placement platform.

[0009] Preferably, the fixed pulley system further includes a first fixed plate and a second fixed plate, the first fixed plate is vertically fixed to the upper surface of the second fixed plate, and the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley are respectively fixed on the same vertical horizontal line of the first fixed plate.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom end height of the second fixed pulley is equal to or greater than the bottom end height of the front end of the trolley but less than the top end height of the front end of the trolley.

[0011] Preferably, the testing system further comprises a computer, and the computer is electrically connected to the tensile testing machine.

[0012] Preferably, the loading platform is a sloped loading platform, and the angle between the slope surface of the loading platform and the plane of the trolley is , The range is 0~90°.

[0013] Preferably, the stage is an artificial anterior chamber stage, including an artificial anterior chamber of a cylindrical structure and a concave opening, the bottom of the concave opening is a hollow cylinder, the hollow cylinder penetrates the artificial anterior chamber through a connecting tube, and the connecting tube is connected to a syringe through a hose.

[0014] To achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a method for testing the adhesion of biological soft tissue materials, comprising the following steps: S1. Record the width of the sample ; S2. Fix the sample on a sloped stage or other stage; S3. Record the tearing angle ; S4. An inclined loading platform or other loading platform is installed on the plane of the trolley and connected to the tensile testing machine through a fixed pulley system; S5. The clamp fixes one layer of the sample close to the end of the clamp; S6, the tensile testing machine drives the fixture to move vertically upward, driving the trolley plane to move horizontally forward, simulating the tearing process between the two layers of the sample; S7, the computer records the displacement, time, and adhesion change data of the sample in real time; S8, according to the formula Calculate and output ,in, The adhesion force recorded by the computer, For fracture energy.

[0015] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned biological soft tissue material adhesion test device and test method, and the beneficial effects are as follows: (1) The device of the present invention has strong applicability and can flexibly adjust the tearing angle: by designing the stage as a slope with different angles, the tearing angle can be flexibly changed.

[0016] (2) The device of the present invention has a simple design, clear functions and is easy to operate: when processing biological soft tissues with complex physical properties, such as the retina and vitreous body of the eyeball, that is, two layers of biological soft tissues need to be torn, one of which cannot be fixed by a clamp, and the sloped stage cannot meet the experimental requirements, the experimental requirements are met by adopting the design of an artificial anterior chamber stage.

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a first embodiment of an adhesion testing device for biological soft tissue materials of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional diagram of a trolley of a first embodiment of a device for testing adhesion of biological soft tissue materials of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional diagram of a fixed pulley system of a first embodiment of an adhesion testing device for biological soft tissue materials of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional diagram of a sloped stage of a first embodiment of an adhesion testing device for biological soft tissue materials of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional diagram of an artificial anterior chamber stage of a third embodiment of an adhesion testing device for biological soft tissue materials of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional diagram of a fixture of a third embodiment of an adhesion testing device for biological soft tissue materials of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a tearing force-displacement curve of Example 3 of an adhesion testing device for biological soft tissue materials of the present invention.

[0019] Reference numerals 1. Trolley plane; 2. Trolley front end; 3. First trolley wheel; 4. Second trolley wheel; 5. Placement platform; 6. Clamp; 7. Tensile testing machine; 8. Computer; 9. Rope; 10. First fixed pulley; 11. Second fixed pulley; 12. First fixed plate; 13. Second fixed plate; 14. Loading table; 15. Sample; 16. Third trolley wheel; 17. Fourth trolley wheel; 18. Trolley horizontal support; 19. Screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the common meanings understood by one having ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs.

[0022] Embodiment 1 like Figure 1 As shown, a device for testing the adhesion of biological soft tissue materials includes a trolley system, a fixed pulley system and a testing system. The trolley system includes a trolley plane 1, a trolley front end 2, a first trolley wheel 3, a second trolley wheel 4, a placement platform 5, a loading platform 14, a sample 15, a third trolley wheel 16, a fourth trolley wheel 17, a trolley horizontal support 18 and a screw 19. The fixed pulley system includes a first fixed pulley 10, a second fixed pulley 11, a first fixed plate 12 and a second fixed plate 13. The testing system includes a fixture 6, a tensile testing machine 7, a computer 8 and a rope 9. One end of the rope 9 is fixedly connected to the tensile testing machine 7, and the other end of the rope 9 passes through the first fixed pulley 10 and the second fixed pulley 11 in sequence and is fixedly connected to the trolley front end 2. Specifically, the other end of the rope 9 is tied to the trolley front end 2, and the tensile testing machine 7 controls the movement of the trolley plane 1 through the pulling of the rope 9, and transmits the tearing force during the test to achieve the tearing test of the sample 15. The tensile testing machine was an Instron 5544 equipped with 5N and 50N force sensors with an accuracy of 1 millinewtons and a displacement accuracy of 1 mm.

[0023] The clamp 6 can be arbitrarily selected according to the needs of fixing the sample 15, such as a metal hook, a metal clip, etc. The clamp 6 is placed vertically, and one end of the clamp 6 is fixedly connected to the sample 15 to ensure that the sample 15 remains stable during the test. The other end of the clamp 6 is connected to the tensile testing machine 7, which is used to control the tearing process of the sample 15 during the test and measure the applied force in real time. The tensile testing machine 7 is connected to the computer 8 to transmit the mechanical data to the computer for data recording and analysis. For example, the displacement, time, and adhesion change data of the sample 15 during the experiment are recorded.

[0024] like Figure 2 As shown, the trolley plane 1 is the main supporting platform, the bottom of the trolley plane 1 is fixedly connected to the trolley horizontal bracket 18 by screws 19, the four corners of the trolley horizontal bracket 18 are respectively connected with the first trolley wheel 3, the second trolley wheel 4, the third trolley wheel 16 and the fourth trolley wheel 17, and the placement platform 5 ensures horizontal placement to ensure that it can move smoothly and parallelly on the placement platform 5. The front end 2 of the trolley is fixedly connected to one side of the trolley plane 1 for connecting and driving its overall movement. The stage 14 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the trolley plane 1, the stage 14 is placed horizontally, and the sample 15 is placed on the stage 14 to ensure that the sample 15 remains on a stable plane for accurate measurement.

[0025] like Figure 3 As shown, the first fixed plate 12 is vertically fixed to the upper surface of the second fixed plate 13 to form a stable support structure for supporting the first fixed pulley 10 and the second fixed pulley 11; the first fixed pulley 10 and the second fixed pulley 11 are fixed to the first fixed plate 12 respectively, and are arranged vertically on the same horizontal line to ensure the smooth guidance of the rope 9 and reduce friction and error. The bottom end height of the second fixed pulley 11 is equal to or greater than the bottom end height of the front end 2 of the trolley but less than the top end height of the front end 2 of the trolley, ensuring the relative position of the second fixed pulley 11 and the trolley plane 1, so that it can move smoothly on the placement platform 5, while ensuring the tension and guidance of the rope 9 when passing through the first fixed pulley 10 and the second fixed pulley 11, and the rope 9 can pass horizontally through the bottom of the second fixed pulley 11.

[0026] like Figure 4 As shown, the stage 14 can be personalized according to the characteristics of the sample 15. In this embodiment, the stage 14 is a sloped stage, and the sample 15 needs to be made into strips. By changing the angle of the sloped stage , the tearing angle between the two layers of sample 15 can be controlled. Figure 1 , the trolley plane 1 carries the inclined platform and moves horizontally to the right. In the design, the angle between the inclined surface of the platform 14 and the trolley plane 1 is , The range is 0~90°. By adjusting the angle of the stage 14 , the two layers of the sample 15 can always maintain a certain angle during the experiment. Among them, one layer of the sample 15 is fixed on the slope surface, when the slope surface of the stage 14 is placed to the left, and the other layer is fixedly connected to the fixture 6 at one end close to the upper end of the slope, the angle is (90- )°, when the slope of the stage 14 is placed to the right, and one end of the other layer close to the lower end of the slope is fixedly connected to the fixture 6, the angle is (90+ )°. This design method can flexibly adjust the angle between the two layers of sample 15 to adapt it to different experimental requirements, thereby more accurately controlling the adhesion measurement of sample 15 during the tearing process. The value of can be used to study the effect of different angles on the adhesion of biological soft tissue materials.

[0027] Embodiment 2 Based on the first embodiment, a method for testing the adhesion of biological soft tissue materials comprises the following steps: (1) Record the width of sample 15 ; (2) Fixing the sample 15 on a sloped stage or other stage 14; (3) Record the tearing angle ; (4) A ramp-type loading platform or other loading platform 14 is installed on the trolley plane 1 and connected to the tensile testing machine 7 through a fixed pulley system; (5) The clamp 6 fixes a layer of the sample 15 close to the end of the clamp 6; (6) The tensile testing machine 7 drives the fixture 6 to move vertically upward, thereby driving the trolley plane 1 to move horizontally forward, thereby simulating the tearing process between the two layers of the sample 15; (7) The computer 8 records the displacement, time, and adhesion change data of the sample 15 in real time; (8) According to the formula Calculate and output ,in, The adhesion force recorded by the computer, For fracture energy.

[0028] Embodiment 3 On the basis of the second embodiment, for the biological soft tissue material of the eyeball (the retina and vitreous body need to be torn), one layer cannot be fixed by the clamp 6, and the sloped stage cannot meet the experimental requirements. In this embodiment, the stage 14 adopts an artificial anterior chamber stage. Figure 5 As shown, the cylindrical structure and the concave mouth are combined to ensure that the eyeball can be stably placed and fixed during the test.

[0029] The artificial anterior chamber design adopted by the artificial anterior chamber stage is as follows: The main body of the stage 14 is an artificial anterior chamber in a cylindrical shape, with a concave top, which can conveniently place and fix the eyeball, especially simulating the shape of a real eyeball. In this embodiment, the diameter of the artificial anterior chamber is 50.00 mm, the top diameter of the concave opening is 28.40 mm, and the bottom diameter of the concave opening is 17.00 mm, which can effectively accommodate the outer contour of the eyeball and ensure that the eyeball will not slide or shift during the experiment.

[0030] The bottom of the concave opening is a hollow cylinder, which penetrates the artificial anterior chamber through a connecting tube. The height of the hollow cylinder is about half of the artificial anterior chamber, ensuring the stability of the stage itself. The connecting tube is connected to the syringe through a hose. The syringe can adjust the air pressure in the hollow cylinder to provide the necessary fixing force to keep the eyeball stable during the test.

[0031] With this design, the eyeball can be kept horizontal on the stage 14. Due to the concave opening on the top of the stage 14 and the fixed structure of the hollow cylinder, the angle between the retina and the vitreous body is always maintained at 90°. This design ensures that the angle between the two layers of the eyeball tissue will not deviate during the tearing experiment, so that the adhesion between the retina and the vitreous body can be accurately measured.

[0032] like Figure 6 As shown, in order to cooperate with the artificial anterior chamber stage, the clamp 6 adopts a hook structure, and the clamp 6 is made of metal and has a certain mechanical strength to meet the needs of fixing and pulling the retina of the sample 15.

[0033] The test method is: First, the trolley plane 1 is placed on a horizontal placement platform 5 to ensure that it can move smoothly. The fixed pulley system is arranged in front of the front end 2 of the trolley, as close to the position of the trolley as possible, to ensure that the rope 9 can be guided smoothly when passing through the fixed pulley system.

[0034] Then, one end of the rope 9 is tied to the front end 2 of the trolley, and the other end is connected to the tensile tester 7 through a fixed pulley system. In this way, the tensile tester can control the movement of the trolley plane 1 and apply tension during the experiment.

[0035] Next, fix the clamp 6 of the hook structure on the tensile testing machine 7. The hook will be used to fix the retina part of the sample 15. Next, place the prepared eyeball sample 15 on the artificial anterior chamber stage, and use a syringe to extract part of the air in the hollow cylinder under the eyeball to ensure that the eyeball is stably fixed on the artificial anterior chamber stage, and place it on the trolley plane 1. Use glue to bond the end of the retina close to the clamp 6 to the clamp 6 to ensure that the sample is stably fixed during the experiment.

[0036] Finally, the tensile testing machine 7 and the computer 8 are started, and the test speed is set to 2 mm / min. The tensile testing machine 7 moves vertically upward at a speed of 2 mm / min through the clamp 6, and the trolley plane 1 also moves horizontally to the right at the same speed. In this way, during the test, it is ensured that the angle between the retina and the vitreous body is maintained at 90°.

[0037] The computer 8 outputs a schematic diagram of the tearing force-displacement curve to obtain the adhesion force, such as Figure 7 Record 10 sample data, as shown in Table 1.

[0038] Table 1 Test data of adhesion between vitreous body and retina

[0039] It can be obtained that the adhesion force between the vitreous body and the retina is 1.01 mN.

[0040] according to Calculation of fracture energy , as shown in Table 2: Table 2 Fracture energy between vitreous and retina

[0041] It can be obtained that the breaking energy between the vitreous body and the retina is 0.16 mN / mm.

[0042] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned biological soft tissue material adhesion test device and test method, which has a simple design and clear functions and meets the requirements of biological soft tissue tearing experiments.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for testing the adhesion of biological soft tissue materials, characterized in that: It includes a trolley system, a fixed pulley system and a testing system, wherein the trolley system includes a placement platform, a trolley plane and a trolley front end arranged on one side of the trolley plane, the fixed pulley system includes a first fixed pulley and a second fixed pulley, and the testing system includes a fixture and a tensile testing machine; The tensile testing machine is fixedly connected to the front end of the trolley through a rope, and the rope is wound around the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley in sequence. A loading platform is provided on the upper surface of the trolley plane, and the lower surface of the trolley plane is slidably connected to the placement platform. One end of the clamp is fixedly connected to the tensile testing machine, and the other end of the clamp is located directly above the loading platform.

2. The adhesion testing device for biological soft tissue materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trolley system also includes a trolley horizontal bracket and screws, the trolley horizontal bracket is fixedly connected to the bottom of the trolley plane through the screws, the four corners of the trolley horizontal bracket are respectively connected to the first trolley wheel, the second trolley wheel, the third trolley wheel and the fourth trolley wheel, the first trolley wheel, the second trolley wheel, the third trolley wheel and the fourth trolley wheel are all slidably connected to the placement platform.

3. The adhesion testing device for biological soft tissue materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed pulley system further includes a first fixed plate and a second fixed plate, wherein the first fixed plate is vertically fixed to an upper surface of the second fixed plate, and the first fixed pulley and the second fixed pulley are respectively fixed on the same vertical horizontal line of the first fixed plate.

4. The adhesion testing device for biological soft tissue materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end height of the second fixed pulley is equal to or greater than the bottom end height of the front end of the trolley but less than the top end height of the front end of the trolley.

5. The adhesion testing device and method of biological soft tissue materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The testing system further comprises a computer, and the computer is electrically connected to the tensile testing machine.

6. The adhesion testing device for biological soft tissue materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading platform is a sloped loading platform, and the angle between the slope surface of the loading platform and the plane of the trolley is , The range is 0~90°.

7. The adhesion testing device for biological soft tissue materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stage is an artificial anterior chamber stage, comprising an artificial anterior chamber of a cylindrical structure and a concave opening, the bottom of the concave opening is a hollow cylinder, the hollow cylinder penetrates the artificial anterior chamber through a connecting tube, and the connecting tube is connected to a syringe through a hose.

8. The adhesion testing device and method of biological soft tissue materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sample is disposed between the fixture and the stage, the bottom surface of the sample is connected to the stage, and one end of the top surface of the sample is connected to the fixture.

9. A testing method using the adhesion testing device for biological soft tissue materials according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Record the width of the sample ; S2. Fix the sample on a sloped stage or other stage; S3. Record the tearing angle ; S4. An inclined loading platform or other loading platform is installed on the plane of the trolley and connected to the tensile testing machine through a fixed pulley system; S5. The clamp fixes one layer of the sample close to the end of the clamp; S6, the tensile testing machine drives the fixture to move vertically upward, driving the trolley plane to move horizontally forward, simulating the tearing process between the two layers of the sample; S7, the computer records the displacement, time, and adhesion change data of the sample in real time; S8, according to the formula Calculate and output ,in, The adhesion force recorded by the computer, For fracture energy.

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