Noise processing method and device suitable for sound wave remote detection well hole mode

Abstract

The invention provides a noise processing method and device suitable for a sound wave far detection well hole mode, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the grouping of a plurality of pieces of single shot data according to the offset of each piece of single shot data of a target work area, so as to generate a plurality of common offset gathers; according to the energy of each seismic trace in each common offset gather, determining the spatial amplitude of the seismic trace; and performing noise processing on the single-shot data according to the spatial amplitude. Aiming at the technical defects of long duration period and strong amplitude capability of well hole mode wave noise, the method comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out block processing on the sound wave remote detection data, and detecting and suppressing the well hole mode wave noise in each block of data so as to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the sound wave remote detection data and finally improve the imaging effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of oil and gas exploration technology, in particular to the field of oil and gas exploration acoustic wave remote detection data processing technology, and specifically relates to a noise processing method and device suitable for acoustic wave remote detection wellbore mode. Background Art

[0002] Cross-array dipole acoustic wave long-range detection technology is a technology that uses a cross-arranged acoustic wave sensor array for long-range detection. This technology is based on the propagation and reception principles of acoustic waves, and achieves long-range detection and positioning of target objects by analyzing and processing acoustic wave signals.

[0003] Specifically, in the process of dipole acoustic wave long-range detection of the cross array, multiple acoustic wave sensors are evenly arranged on a plane and connected in a cross manner. When sending an acoustic wave signal, acoustic wave sensors at different locations will receive different signal responses. By analyzing the time difference and amplitude difference of the acoustic wave signals received by different sensors, the position and distance of the target object can be determined. This technology has the following advantages:

[0004] Long-distance detection: The cross-array dipole acoustic wave long-distance detection technology can realize the detection of target objects at a long distance, which is suitable for scenarios that require large-scale monitoring and positioning.

[0005] High-precision positioning: Through the combination of multiple acoustic wave sensors, more acoustic wave signal information can be obtained to improve the accuracy and positioning accuracy of the target object.

[0006] Strong anti-interference ability: The cross-array dipole acoustic wave long-range detection technology can suppress the interference of environmental noise and clutter, and improve the reliability and stability of detection.

[0007] Real-time monitoring: This technology can monitor the position and dynamic changes of target objects in real time, and is suitable for application scenarios that require real-time monitoring and tracking.

[0008] The dipole acoustic wave remote detection technology based on the cross array can image the area within 30 to 50 meters around the well, filling the gap in the scale of ground seismic and logging detection, and guiding the location and scale of fracture-cavity oil and gas reservoirs. However, the dipole acoustic wave remote detection also has the problems of complex wave field characteristics and low signal-to-noise ratio. Among them, the wellbore mode wave noise is the main type of noise. This noise has the characteristics of long continuous period and strong amplitude capability, which seriously reduces the quality of dipole acoustic wave imaging. When the imaging effect is not good, it is difficult to accurately characterize the location and scale of fracture-cavity reservoirs. Summary of the invention

[0009] The present invention belongs to the field of computer vision. One purpose of the present invention is to provide a noise processing method suitable for acoustic wave long-range detection wellbore mode, which can suppress the wave noise in the wellbore mode in a targeted manner, improve the signal-to-noise ratio of acoustic wave long-range detection data, and thus improve the imaging effect.

[0010] Another object of the present invention is to provide a noise processing device suitable for acoustic wave remote detection wellbore mode. Another object of the present invention is to provide an electronic device, the electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, the processor implementing the steps of the above-mentioned noise processing method suitable for acoustic wave remote detection wellbore mode when executing the computer program. Another object of the present invention is to provide a readable medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of the above-mentioned noise processing method suitable for acoustic wave remote detection wellbore mode are implemented.

[0011] In order to solve the technical problems in the background technology of this application, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0012] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a noise processing method applicable to a sonic wave remote detection wellbore mode, comprising:

[0013] Grouping multiple single shot data according to the offset of each single shot data of the target work area to generate multiple common offset gathers;

[0014] Determine the spatial amplitude of each seismic trace according to the energy of the seismic trace in each common offset gather;

[0015] Noise processing is performed on the single shot data according to the spatial amplitude.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, before grouping the plurality of single shot data according to the offset of each single shot data to generate a plurality of common offset gathers, the method further comprises:

[0017] Collect multiple single shot data of the target work area in the acoustic wave remote detection wellbore mode.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, determining the spatial amplitude of each seismic trace according to the energy of the seismic trace in each common-offset trace gather comprises:

[0019] Blocking each common offset trace gather to generate a plurality of block data, wherein each block data includes at least one seismic trace;

[0020] In each block of data, a spatial amplitude ratio curve of the block of data is determined according to the root mean square amplitude energy of each seismic trace.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present invention, performing noise processing on the single shot data according to the spatial amplitude includes:

[0022] Noise processing is performed on the single shot data according to the spatial amplitude ratio curve and a baseline of the spatial amplitude ratio curve.

[0023] In one embodiment of the present invention, performing noise processing on the single shot data according to the spatial amplitude ratio curve and the baseline of the spatial amplitude ratio curve includes:

[0024] When the spatial amplitude ratio curve deviates from the baseline and exceeds a preset threshold, noise processing is performed on the single shot data.

[0025] In one embodiment of the present invention, in each block of data, determining the spatial amplitude ratio curve of the block of data according to the root mean square amplitude energy of each seismic trace comprises:

[0026] In each block of data, determining the average amplitude energy of the block of data according to the root mean square amplitude of each seismic trace;

[0027] A spatial amplitude ratio curve of the block data is determined according to the average amplitude energy.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present invention, performing noise processing on the single shot data includes:

[0029] Energy attenuation is performed on each seismic trace according to the average amplitude energy of the seismic trace.

[0030] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a noise processing device suitable for acoustic wave remote detection wellbore mode, the device comprising:

[0031] A single shot data grouping module is used to group multiple single shot data according to the offset of each single shot data of the target work area to generate multiple common offset gathers;

[0032] A seismic trace spatial amplitude determination module, used for determining the spatial amplitude of each seismic trace according to the energy of each seismic trace in each common offset gather;

[0033] The single shot data noise reduction processing module is used to perform noise processing on the single shot data according to the spatial amplitude.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present invention, the noise processing device for use in the acoustic wave remote detection wellbore mode further includes:

[0035] The single shot data acquisition module is used to acquire multiple single shot data of the target work area in the acoustic wave long-range detection wellbore mode.

[0036] In one embodiment of the present invention, the seismic trace spatial amplitude determination module includes:

[0037] A block data generating unit, used for dividing each common offset trace gather into blocks to generate a plurality of block data, wherein each block data includes at least one seismic trace;

[0038] The spatial amplitude ratio curve determining unit is used to determine the spatial amplitude ratio curve of the block data according to the root mean square amplitude energy of each seismic trace in each block data.

[0039] In one embodiment of the present invention, the single shot data denoising processing module includes:

[0040] The single shot data noise reduction processing unit is used to perform noise processing on the single shot data according to the spatial amplitude ratio curve and the baseline of the spatial amplitude ratio curve.

[0041] In one embodiment of the present invention, the single shot data denoising processing unit includes:

[0042] The single shot data noise reduction processing subunit is used to perform noise processing on the single shot data when the spatial amplitude ratio curve deviates from the baseline by more than a preset threshold.

[0043] In one embodiment of the present invention, the spatial amplitude ratio curve determining unit includes:

[0044] An average amplitude energy determination unit, used to determine the average amplitude energy of the block data according to the root mean square amplitude of each seismic trace in each block data;

[0045] A spatial amplitude ratio curve of the block data is determined according to the average amplitude energy.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present invention, the single shot data denoising processing subunit includes:

[0047] The seismic trace energy attenuation unit is used to perform energy attenuation on each seismic trace according to the average amplitude energy of the seismic trace.

[0048] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program / instruction, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a noise processing method applicable to a far-reaching wellbore mode of acoustic wave.

[0049] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, the steps of a noise processing method applicable to a far-reaching wellbore detection mode of acoustic waves are implemented.

[0050] In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a noise processing method applicable to a far-reaching wellbore detection mode of acoustic waves.

[0051] From the above description, it can be seen that an embodiment of the present invention provides a noise processing method and device suitable for acoustic wave long-range detection wellbore mode. The corresponding noise processing method suitable for acoustic wave long-range detection wellbore mode includes: first, grouping multiple single-shot data according to the offset distance of each single-shot data of the target work area to generate multiple common-offset distance track sets; then, determining the spatial amplitude of each seismic track according to the energy of the seismic track in each common-offset distance track set; finally, performing noise processing on the single-shot data according to the spatial amplitude.

[0052] The corresponding noise processing device suitable for the acoustic wave long-range detection wellbore mode includes: a single shot data grouping module, which is used to group multiple single shot data according to the offset distance of each single shot data of the target work area to generate multiple common offset distance track sets; a seismic trace spatial amplitude determination module, which is used to determine the spatial amplitude of the seismic trace according to the energy of each seismic trace in each common offset distance track set; a single shot data noise reduction processing module, which is used to perform noise processing on the single shot data according to the spatial amplitude.

[0053] The noise processing method and device for acoustic wave long-range detection wellbore mode provided in the embodiment of the present invention aims at the technical pain points of long duration period and strong amplitude capability of wellbore mode wave noise. First, the acoustic wave long-range detection data is processed in blocks, and the wellbore mode wave noise is detected and suppressed in each block data to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the acoustic wave long-range detection data and ultimately improve the imaging effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0055] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a noise processing method applicable to an acoustic wave remote detection wellbore mode in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 Another schematic flow chart of a noise processing method in a remote acoustic detection wellbore mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 3 It is a flowchart diagram of step 200 of the noise processing method applicable to the acoustic wave remote detection wellbore mode in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 4 It is a flowchart diagram of step 300 of the noise processing method applicable to the acoustic wave remote detection wellbore mode in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 5 3 is a flow chart of step 301 of the noise processing method applicable to the acoustic wave remote detection wellbore mode in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 6 2 is a flow chart of step 202 of the noise processing method in the acoustic wave remote detection wellbore mode in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 7 It is a flowchart diagram of step 30111 of the noise processing method applicable to the acoustic wave remote detection wellbore mode in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 8 1 is a flow chart of step 100 of a noise processing method in a sonic wave remote detection wellbore mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Fig. 9 It is a flow chart of a noise processing method applicable to the acoustic wave remote detection wellbore mode in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Fig.10 A mind map of a noise processing method applicable to a wellbore mode of acoustic wave remote detection in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of a common offset gather of acoustic wave long-range detection in a specific implementation manner of the present invention;

[0066] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of a common offset gather after the borehole mode wave is suppressed in a specific implementation manner of the present invention;

[0067] Fig.13 It is a block diagram of a noise processing device suitable for acoustic wave remote detection wellbore mode in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0070] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0071] It should be noted that the terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0072] The acquisition, storage, use, and processing of data in the technical solution of this application comply with the relevant provisions of laws and regulations.

[0073] Embodiment 1:

[0074] Regarding the research on dipole acoustic wave remote detection technology, the existing technology mainly focuses on imaging methods and attribute inversion. For example, the patent with application publication number CN113866829 A discloses a three-dimensional scattered acoustic wave remote detection scanning imaging logging method and device, which includes: obtaining scattered echoes received by the receiving transducer array, the scattered echoes are formed by the abnormal geological body in the formation to be measured scattering the acoustic signal emitted by the multipole transmitting transducer; the multipole transmitting transducer and the receiving transducer array are arranged in the liquid-filled wellbore of the formation to be measured; according to the acoustic wave signal and its transmitting position parameters, the scattered echoes and its receiving position parameters, and the position parameters of each geological body, the waveform similarity coefficient of the scattered echo corresponding to each geological body is obtained; according to the position parameters of each geological body and the waveform similarity coefficient of the scattered echo corresponding to each geological body, the three-dimensional image of the formation to be measured is determined. This application comprehensively utilizes the information of the received multi-mode scattered wave signal for scanning inversion and imaging, thereby improving the resolution and detection range of imaging of abnormal geological bodies near the well.

[0075] For another example, the patent application publication number CN111880223 A discloses a method for analyzing the properties of fractures and holes in borehole acoustic wave remote detection imaging, including: data loading and conversion, obtaining 32 waveform data by a cross-dipole acquisition transmission and reception system, and using coordinate transformation to transform the instrument coordinates into a geodetic coordinate system. Data preprocessing, compensating for compression vibration, amplitude and wave field separation of the waveform data. Dynamic correction and superposition, extracting the common center point combination from the waveform data after wave field separation. Offset imaging, using the finite difference method wave equation to perform offset imaging processing on the waveform data after dynamic correction and superposition processing. Reflection intensity attribute extraction, extracting the reflection intensity attribute of the offset imaging result. Root mean square amplitude extraction, extracting the root mean square amplitude of the reflection intensity attribute extraction result. Structural smoothing, performing structural smoothing processing on the root mean square amplitude extraction result. By this means, the method for analyzing the properties of fractures and holes in borehole acoustic wave remote detection imaging of the present invention improves the accuracy of fracture and hole characterization.

[0076] Another example is a patent application with publication number CN115480309 A, which discloses a method for improving the resolution of acoustic wave long-range detection data. The method comprises the following steps:

[0077] Step 1: Collect acoustic wave remote detection data;

[0078] Step 2: Select a seismic data;

[0079] Step 3: Select the first sampling point of the seismic data;

[0080] Step 4: Calculate the nth power of the amplitude 2 of the sampling point;

[0081] Step 5: Calculate the nth power of the amplitude 2 of all sampling points of the seismic data;

[0082] Step 6: Determine the value of n;

[0083] Step 7: Process all data according to steps 2-5;

[0084] Step 8: Output the acoustic wave long-range detection result profile.

[0085] In terms of noise suppression, there are relatively few studies. In a patent application with application publication number CN 115480308 A, a method for improving the signal-to-noise ratio of acoustic wave long-distance detection data is involved. The method includes selecting a seismic data; selecting the first sampling point of the seismic data; calculating the square of the amplitude of the sampling point; calculating the square of the amplitude of all sampling points of the seismic data; selecting a zero-phase low-frequency filter, filtering out noise, and outputting a profile of acoustic wave long-distance detection results.

[0086] Another example: In the patent application with application publication number CN 115170428 A, a method for denoising an acoustic wave long-range detection imaging image is involved, which includes constructing a denoising neural network model; preprocessing data; training an end-to-end denoising neural network; and processing the imaging image on site. The invention directly denoises the acoustic wave long-range detection imaging image from the perspective of image processing, without the need for complex parameter settings, and automatically and quickly removes interference noise in the imaging image while retaining the edge information of the imaging image, thereby improving the quality of the imaging image.

[0087] The above methods do not specifically process the borehole mode wave noise, so they are quite different from the present invention. Based on this, the embodiment of the present invention provides a specific implementation method of the noise processing method applicable to the acoustic wave remote detection borehole mode, see Figure 1 , specifically including the following:

[0088] Step 100: grouping a plurality of single shot data according to the offset of each single shot data of the target work area to generate a plurality of common offset gathers;

[0089] Step 200: determining the spatial amplitude of each seismic trace according to the energy of the seismic trace in each common offset gather;

[0090] Step 300: performing noise processing on the single shot data according to the spatial amplitude.

[0091] From the above description, it can be seen that an embodiment of the present invention provides a noise processing method suitable for acoustic wave long-range detection wellbore mode, including: first, grouping multiple single-shot data according to the offset distance of each single-shot data of the target work area to generate multiple common-offset distance track sets; then, determining the spatial amplitude of each seismic track according to the energy of the seismic track in each common-offset distance track set; finally, performing noise processing on the single-shot data according to the spatial amplitude.

[0092] The noise processing method for acoustic wave long-range detection wellbore mode provided in the embodiment of the present invention aims at the technical pain points that the wellbore mode wave noise has a long duration period and a strong amplitude capability. First, the acoustic wave long-range detection data is processed in blocks, and the wellbore mode wave noise is detected and suppressed in each block data to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the acoustic wave long-range detection data and ultimately improve the imaging effect.

[0093] The single shot data in step 100 refers to seismic wave data generated by placing an explosive source (usually gunpowder or a seismic source) on the surface or in a well. These seismic wave data are recorded and used for applications such as underground structure imaging and oil and gas exploration in seismic exploration.

[0094] Single-shot data contains information about the propagation of seismic waves underground. Once seismic waves encounter different geological layer interfaces underground, they will be reflected, refracted, and scattered, and these phenomena will be recorded by the receiver (seismometer). By analyzing single-shot data, seismic prospectors can infer the geological characteristics of the underground, such as the distribution of rock layers, groundwater levels, oil and gas reservoirs, etc. This information is very important for the exploration and development of underground resources.

[0095] The offset distance refers to the horizontal distance from the source to the receiver before and after the seismic wave is reflected or refracted underground. Preferably, in seismic exploration, the collected seismic wave data is recorded by placing receivers (seismographs) at different offset distances. By collecting seismic wave data at different offset distances, underground information at different depths can be obtained. Smaller offset distances usually correspond to shallow underground information, while larger offset distances correspond to deeper underground information.

[0096] Preferably, before step 100, the seismic wave data needs to be offset, that is, the seismic wave data is offset from the receiver position to the source position using data at different offset distances. This can correct the time and space distortion of seismic waves during underground propagation, thereby revealing the underground structure more accurately.

[0097] Regarding step 200 and step 300, it can be understood that, ideally, the seismic trace signal energy changes smoothly and continuously in space, and the spatial amplitude ratio curve changes around 1. If there is borehole mode wave noise in the block data, the amplitude ratio curve will change suddenly, and the ratio will be larger.

[0098] Next, the borehole mode wave noise in the data is detected by setting a threshold value. When the amplitude ratio curve exceeds the threshold value, it means that the seismic trace is a noise trace, and the energy of the noise is attenuated.

[0099] It should be pointed out that the wellbore pattern is a method of measuring the physical properties of the formation around the wellbore during the drilling process and recording these data.

[0100] Wellbore pattern is one of the important data sources in geophysical exploration and plays a key role in the exploration and development of oil and gas resources.

[0101] Embodiment 2:

[0102] In some embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 2 In the noise processing method applicable to the acoustic wave remote detection wellbore mode, before step 100, it also includes:

[0103] Step 90: Collect multiple single shot data of the target work area in the acoustic wave remote detection wellbore mode.

[0104] Vertical Seismic Profile (VSP) is a geophysical exploration method used to obtain the acoustic response and physical characteristics of underground formations. It is a seismic exploration technology performed in a wellbore that has been drilled. In the vertical seismic profile, the following steps are included:

[0105] 1. Drilling: First, drilling operations are required, where the drill pipe and drill bit are gradually driven into the ground until the target depth is reached. This process will create a wellbore, also known as a test well.

[0106] 2. Placement of borehole pattern equipment: Once the well is drilled, seismic instruments and sound generators need to be placed in the borehole. Seismic instruments can be seismic sensors (seismic surface instruments) or logging tools (logging instruments), which are used to record the arrival time and amplitude of seismic waves. Sound generators can be vibrators or other devices that generate sound waves.

[0107] 3. Data collection: Next, the seismic wave data is collected. By exciting sound waves (seismic source) in the wellbore, the seismic instrument records the arrival time and amplitude of the seismic waves as they propagate underground.

[0108] 4. Repeated acquisition: It is usually necessary to conduct multiple data acquisitions to obtain seismic wave data at different depths or offset distances. This can be achieved by moving the position of the seismic instrument and the sound source in the wellbore.

[0109] 5. Data processing and interpretation: The collected seismic wave data needs to be processed and interpreted to obtain information about the underground strata, including noise removal, migration processing, and extraction of information such as stratum velocity and lithology.

[0110] It is understandable that the acoustic remote detection borehole mode is of great value for applications such as underground structure imaging and lithology interpretation. It can provide high-resolution underground formation information and help explorers better understand underground structures and reservoir characteristics. However, it should be noted that the acoustic remote detection borehole mode requires professional equipment and operating techniques, and relevant safety regulations and operating procedures need to be followed when operating in the wellbore.

[0111] In some embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 3 , step 200 comprises:

[0112] Step 201: Divide each common offset gather into blocks to generate a plurality of block data, wherein each block data includes at least one seismic trace;

[0113] Specifically, in each common offset gather, all seismic traces are first coded from 1 to m. After coding, each common offset gather is divided into blocks according to the following method: according to the preset block value number k, the common offset gather is divided into k blocks, where any i-th block of seismic traces is composed of

[0114] It is understood that a seismic trace is the change in the amplitude of seismic waves on a seismic recorder over time. A seismic trace is the basic unit of seismic data and contains information about the amplitude of seismic waves at different points in time.

[0115] In seismic exploration, seismic waves propagate through the underground medium and are recorded by receivers (seismic recorders). The seismic recorder records the amplitude of the seismic waves at different points in time, forming seismic traces. Each seismic trace represents the amplitude variation of the seismic waves at a specific location and can be used to study the properties and characteristics of the underground strata.

[0116] Amplitude changes on seismic traces can provide information about underground strata, such as reflection, refraction, scattering, etc. By analyzing the amplitude and waveform of seismic traces, we can obtain parameters such as velocity, lithology, porosity, saturation, etc. of underground strata, thereby understanding underground structure and reservoir characteristics.

[0117] Seismic data usually consists of multiple seismic traces, each of which corresponds to seismic wave data at different locations or offset distances. By stacking and processing multiple seismic traces, the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of the data can be improved to obtain a more accurate and detailed underground model.

[0118] In the process of seismic data processing and interpretation, seismic traces are the basis for various seismic processing and interpretation algorithms. The analysis and interpretation of seismic traces can help explorers understand the nature of underground strata, delineate seismic reflection interfaces, and identify potential oil and gas reservoirs.

[0119] Step 202: In each block of data, determine the spatial amplitude ratio curve of the block of data according to the root mean square amplitude energy of each seismic trace.

[0120] The spatial amplitude ratio curve (Amplitude Ratio Curve) is a curve obtained by calculating the amplitude ratio of different positions or different offset distances in the seismic trace. It is used to identify the seismic reflection interface and interpret the underground structure. It helps exploration personnel analyze the amplitude changes of seismic waves at different positions, so as to infer the properties and characteristics of the underground strata.

[0121] Preferably, when calculating the spatial amplitude ratio curve, two seismic traces at different positions or offset distances are selected and their amplitudes are compared. Common ratios include amplitude ratio, phase difference, etc. The spatial amplitude ratio curve can be used to characterize the amplitude characteristics of different strata, such as reflection interfaces, faults, reservoirs, etc. By analyzing and interpreting the spatial amplitude ratio curve, the velocity, density, lithology and other parameters of the underground strata can be inferred, and then the underground structure can be understood and the potential of oil and gas reservoirs can be studied.

[0122] It should be noted that the interpretation of the spatial amplitude ratio curve also requires a comprehensive analysis combined with other seismic data and geological information.

[0123] In some embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 4 , step 300 comprises:

[0124] Step 301: performing noise processing on the single shot data according to the spatial amplitude ratio curve and the baseline of the spatial amplitude ratio curve.

[0125] In some embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 5 , step 301 comprises:

[0126] Step 3011: When the spatial amplitude ratio curve deviates from the baseline and exceeds a preset threshold, noise processing is performed on the single shot data.

[0127] Preferably, the baseline in step 3011 is 1. When the difference of the spatial amplitude ratio curve from 1 exceeds a preset threshold, noise processing is required for the single shot data.

[0128] In some embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 6 , step 202 comprises:

[0129] Step 2021: in each block of data, determine the average amplitude energy of the block of data according to the root mean square amplitude of each seismic trace;

[0130] In each block of data, the root mean square amplitude of each seismic trace is first calculated, and the root mean square amplitudes of all traces are averaged to obtain the average amplitude energy in the block:

[0131]

[0132] Among them, E i represents the average amplitude energy of the i-th block, A RMSj represents the RMS amplitude of the seismic trace in the block data, and n represents the number of seismic traces in the block data;

[0133] Step 2022: Determine the spatial amplitude ratio curve of the block data according to the average amplitude energy.

[0134] Specifically, the spatial amplitude ratio curve within the block data is calculated according to the following formula:

[0135]

[0136] Among them, i represents the i-th block data, and j represents the j-th seismic trace in the block data.

[0137] In some embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 7 , the "performing noise processing on the single shot data" in step 3011 includes:

[0138] Step 30111: Perform energy attenuation on each seismic trace according to the average amplitude energy of the seismic trace.

[0139] Specifically, energy attenuation is performed according to the following formula:

[0140]

[0141] Among them, A RMS ' represents the amplitude energy after attenuation.

[0142] In some embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 8 , step 100 comprises:

[0143] Step 101: Grouping a plurality of single shot data according to the offset of each single shot data of the target work area to generate a plurality of common offset gathers.

[0144] Specifically, the single-shot data of acoustic wave remote detection are collected in the target work area. In order to highlight the noise characteristics of the borehole mode wave, the single-shot data are selected into a number of common offset gathers with different offset values ​​in the order of small to large offset.

[0145] From the above description, it can be seen that an embodiment of the present invention provides a noise processing method suitable for acoustic wave long-range detection wellbore mode, including: first, grouping multiple single-shot data according to the offset distance of each single-shot data of the target work area to generate multiple common-offset distance track sets; then, determining the spatial amplitude of each seismic track according to the energy of the seismic track in each common-offset distance track set; finally, performing noise processing on the single-shot data according to the spatial amplitude.

[0146] The noise processing method for acoustic wave long-range detection wellbore mode provided in the embodiment of the present invention aims at the technical pain points that the wellbore mode wave noise has a long duration period and a strong amplitude capability. First, the acoustic wave long-range detection data is processed in blocks, and the wellbore mode wave noise is detected and suppressed in each block data to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the acoustic wave long-range detection data and ultimately improve the imaging effect.

[0147] Embodiment three:

[0148] In a specific embodiment, the present invention also provides a specific embodiment of a noise processing method suitable for acoustic wave remote detection wellbore mode, see Fig. 9 as well as Fig.10 , specifically including the following steps.

[0149] S1: Generate multiple common offset gathers with different offset values ​​based on single shot data.

[0150] Specifically, single shot data are collected by acoustic remote detection in the target work area. Preferably, in order to highlight the noise characteristics of borehole mode waves, the single shot data are selected into common offset gathers with different offset values ​​in order from small to large offset.

[0151] S2: Divide the common offset gathers into blocks.

[0152] In each common offset gather, all seismic traces are first coded from 1 to m. After coding, the common offset gather is divided into k blocks according to the preset block value number k, where the seismic traces of any i-th block are composed of (i, i+k*1,

[0153] S3: Calculate the average amplitude energy of each block data.

[0154] In each block of data, the root mean square amplitude of each seismic trace is first calculated, and the root mean square amplitudes of all traces are averaged to obtain the average amplitude energy in the block.

[0155]

[0156] Among them, E i represents the average amplitude energy of the i-th block, A RMSj represents the RMS amplitude of the seismic trace in the block data, and n represents the number of seismic traces in the block data;

[0157] S4: Calculate the spatial amplitude ratio curve of each block data.

[0158] Specifically, step S4 is implemented according to the following formula:

[0159]

[0160] Among them, i represents the i-th block data, and j represents the j-th seismic trace in the block data.

[0161] Ideally, the energy of seismic trace signals varies smoothly and continuously in space, and the spatial amplitude ratio curve C ij Varies around 1. If there is borehole pattern wave noise in the block data, the amplitude ratio curve C ij Mutations will occur and the ratio will be larger.

[0162] S5: performing noise processing on the single shot data according to the spatial amplitude ratio curve.

[0163] Set the threshold value i Detect borehole mode wave noise in the data. When the amplitude ratio curve C ij Exceeding the threshold value e i , which means that the seismic channel is a noise channel, and the energy attenuation is performed using the following formula:

[0164]

[0165] Among them, A RMS ' represents the amplitude energy after attenuation.

[0166] See also Fig.11 as well as Fig.12 , Fig.11 The actual acoustic wave remote detection data selected as the common offset gather, the arrows indicate the borehole mode wave noise, Fig.11 It can be seen that the borehole mode wave noise has a long duration, strong amplitude energy, and a strong interference effect.

[0167] Fig.12 As shown in the effect of the noise processing method for acoustic wave long-range detection wellbore mode provided by the embodiment of the present invention, it can be seen that the wellbore mode wave noise is effectively suppressed and the signal-to-noise ratio of the acoustic wave long-range detection data is significantly improved.

[0168] From the above description, it can be seen that an embodiment of the present invention provides a noise processing method suitable for acoustic wave long-range detection wellbore mode, including: first, grouping multiple single-shot data according to the offset distance of each single-shot data of the target work area to generate multiple common-offset distance track sets; then, determining the spatial amplitude of each seismic track according to the energy of the seismic track in each common-offset distance track set; finally, performing noise processing on the single-shot data according to the spatial amplitude.

[0169] The noise processing method for acoustic wave long-range detection wellbore mode provided in the embodiment of the present invention aims at the technical pain points that the wellbore mode wave noise has a long duration period and a strong amplitude capability. First, the acoustic wave long-range detection data is processed in blocks, and the wellbore mode wave noise is detected and suppressed in each block data to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the acoustic wave long-range detection data and ultimately improve the imaging effect.

[0170] Embodiment 4:

[0171] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application also provides a noise processing device suitable for the acoustic wave long-distance detection wellbore mode, which can be used to implement the method described in the above embodiment, such as the following embodiment. Since the principle of solving the problem by the noise processing device suitable for the acoustic wave long-distance detection wellbore mode is similar to the noise processing method suitable for the acoustic wave long-distance detection wellbore mode, the implementation of the noise processing device suitable for the acoustic wave long-distance detection wellbore mode can refer to the implementation of the noise processing method suitable for the acoustic wave long-distance detection wellbore mode, and the repeated parts will not be repeated. As used below, the term "unit" or "module" can be a combination of software and / or hardware that implements a predetermined function. Although the system described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, the implementation of hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and conceived.

[0172] The embodiment of the present invention provides a specific implementation of a noise processing device applicable to a sonic wave remote detection wellbore mode, which can realize a noise processing method applicable to a sonic wave remote detection wellbore mode. Fig.13 , the noise processing device suitable for acoustic wave remote detection wellbore mode includes:

[0173] The single shot data grouping module 10 is used to group a plurality of single shot data according to the offset of each single shot data of the target work area to generate a plurality of common offset gathers;

[0174] A seismic trace spatial amplitude determination module 20, configured to determine the spatial amplitude of each seismic trace according to the energy of each seismic trace in each common offset trace gather;

[0175] The single shot data noise reduction processing module 30 is used to perform noise processing on the single shot data according to the spatial amplitude.

[0176] In one embodiment of the present invention, the noise processing device for use in the acoustic wave remote detection wellbore mode further includes:

[0177] The single shot data acquisition module is used to acquire multiple single shot data of the target work area in the acoustic wave long-range detection wellbore mode.

[0178] In one embodiment of the present invention, the seismic trace spatial amplitude determination module includes:

[0179] A block data generating unit, used for dividing each common offset trace gather into blocks to generate a plurality of block data, wherein each block data includes at least one seismic trace;

[0180] The spatial amplitude ratio curve determining unit is used to determine the spatial amplitude ratio curve of the block data according to the root mean square amplitude energy of each seismic trace in each block data.

[0181] In one embodiment of the present invention, the single shot data denoising processing module includes:

[0182] The single shot data noise reduction processing unit is used to perform noise processing on the single shot data according to the spatial amplitude ratio curve and the baseline of the spatial amplitude ratio curve.

[0183] In one embodiment of the present invention, the single shot data denoising processing unit includes:

[0184] The single shot data noise reduction processing subunit is used to perform noise processing on the single shot data when the spatial amplitude ratio curve deviates from the baseline by more than a preset threshold.

[0185] In one embodiment of the present invention, the spatial amplitude ratio curve determining unit includes:

[0186] An average amplitude energy determination unit, used to determine the average amplitude energy of the block data according to the root mean square amplitude of each seismic trace in each block data;

[0187] A spatial amplitude ratio curve of the block data is determined according to the average amplitude energy.

[0188] In one embodiment of the present invention, the single shot data denoising processing subunit includes:

[0189] The seismic trace energy attenuation unit is used to perform energy attenuation on each seismic trace according to the average amplitude energy of the seismic trace.

[0190] From the above description, it can be seen that an embodiment of the present invention provides a noise processing device suitable for acoustic wave long-range detection wellbore mode, including: a single-shot data grouping module, which is used to group multiple single-shot data according to the offset distance of each single-shot data of the target work area to generate multiple common-offset distance track sets; a seismic trace spatial amplitude determination module, which is used to determine the spatial amplitude of the seismic trace according to the energy of each seismic trace in each common-offset distance track set; a single-shot data noise reduction processing module, which is used to perform noise processing on the single-shot data according to the spatial amplitude.

[0191] The noise processing device suitable for acoustic wave long-range detection wellbore mode provided in the embodiment of the present invention aims at the technical pain points that the wellbore mode wave noise has a long duration period and a strong amplitude capability. First, the acoustic wave long-range detection data is processed in blocks, and the wellbore mode wave noise is detected and suppressed in each block data to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the acoustic wave long-range detection data and ultimately improve the imaging effect.

[0192] Embodiment five:

[0193] The embodiment of the present application also provides a specific implementation of an electronic device capable of implementing all steps of the noise processing method applicable to the acoustic wave remote detection wellbore mode in the above embodiment, see Fig.14 , electronic equipment specifically includes the following:

[0194] Processor (processor) 1201, memory (memory) 1202, communication interface (CommunicationsInterface) 1203 and bus 1204;

[0195] The processor 1201, the memory 1202, and the communication interface 1203 communicate with each other through the bus 1204; the communication interface 1203 is used to realize information transmission between the server device and the client device and other related devices;

[0196] The processor 1201 is used to call the computer program in the memory 1202. When the processor executes the computer program, all steps of the noise processing method applicable to the acoustic wave remote detection wellbore mode in the above embodiment are implemented. For example, when the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are implemented:

[0197] Grouping multiple single shot data according to the offset of each single shot data of the target work area to generate multiple common offset gathers;

[0198] Determine the spatial amplitude of each seismic trace according to the energy of the seismic trace in each common offset gather;

[0199] Noise processing is performed on the single shot data according to the spatial amplitude.

[0200] In one embodiment, before grouping the plurality of single shot data according to the offset of each single shot data to generate a plurality of common offset gathers, the method further includes:

[0201] Collect multiple single shot data of the target work area in the acoustic wave remote detection wellbore mode.

[0202] In one embodiment, determining the spatial amplitude of each seismic trace according to the energy of the seismic trace in each common-offset trace gather comprises:

[0203] Blocking each common offset gather to generate a plurality of block data, wherein each block data includes at least one seismic trace;

[0204] In each block of data, a spatial amplitude ratio curve of the block of data is determined according to the root mean square amplitude energy of each seismic trace.

[0205] In one embodiment, performing noise processing on the single shot data according to the spatial amplitude includes:

[0206] Noise processing is performed on the single shot data according to the spatial amplitude ratio curve and a baseline of the spatial amplitude ratio curve.

[0207] In one embodiment, performing noise processing on the single shot data according to the spatial amplitude ratio curve and the baseline of the spatial amplitude ratio curve includes:

[0208] When the spatial amplitude ratio curve deviates from the baseline and exceeds a preset threshold, noise processing is performed on the single shot data.

[0209] In one embodiment, in each block of data, determining the spatial amplitude ratio curve of the block of data according to the root mean square amplitude energy of each seismic trace comprises:

[0210] In each block of data, determining the average amplitude energy of the block of data according to the root mean square amplitude of each seismic trace;

[0211] A spatial amplitude ratio curve of the block data is determined according to the average amplitude energy.

[0212] In one embodiment, performing noise processing on the single shot data includes:

[0213] Energy attenuation is performed on each seismic trace according to the average amplitude energy of the seismic trace.

[0214] Embodiment six:

[0215] The embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium capable of implementing all the steps of the noise processing method applicable to the acoustic wave remote detection wellbore mode in the above embodiment. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, all the steps of the noise processing method applicable to the acoustic wave remote detection wellbore mode in the above embodiment are implemented. For example, when the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are implemented:

[0216] Grouping multiple single shot data according to the offset of each single shot data of the target work area to generate multiple common offset gathers;

[0217] Determine the spatial amplitude of each seismic trace according to the energy of the seismic trace in each common offset gather;

[0218] Noise processing is performed on the single shot data according to the spatial amplitude.

[0219] In one embodiment, before grouping the plurality of single shot data according to the offset of each single shot data to generate a plurality of common offset gathers, the method further includes:

[0220] Collect multiple single shot data of the target work area in the acoustic wave remote detection wellbore mode.

[0221] In one embodiment, determining the spatial amplitude of each seismic trace according to the energy of the seismic trace in each common-offset trace gather comprises:

[0222] Blocking each common offset gather to generate a plurality of block data, wherein each block data includes at least one seismic trace;

[0223] In each block of data, a spatial amplitude ratio curve of the block of data is determined according to the root mean square amplitude energy of each seismic trace.

[0224] In one embodiment, performing noise processing on the single shot data according to the spatial amplitude includes:

[0225] Noise processing is performed on the single shot data according to the spatial amplitude ratio curve and a baseline of the spatial amplitude ratio curve.

[0226] In one embodiment, performing noise processing on the single shot data according to the spatial amplitude ratio curve and the baseline of the spatial amplitude ratio curve includes:

[0227] When the spatial amplitude ratio curve deviates from the baseline and exceeds a preset threshold, noise processing is performed on the single shot data.

[0228] In one embodiment, in each block of data, determining the spatial amplitude ratio curve of the block of data according to the root mean square amplitude energy of each seismic trace comprises:

[0229] In each block of data, determining the average amplitude energy of the block of data according to the root mean square amplitude of each seismic trace;

[0230] A spatial amplitude ratio curve of the block data is determined according to the average amplitude energy.

[0231] In one embodiment, performing noise processing on the single shot data includes:

[0232] Energy attenuation is performed on each seismic trace according to the average amplitude energy of the seismic trace.

[0233] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the hardware + program embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiment.

[0234] The above is a description of a specific embodiment of the specification. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recorded in the claims can be performed in an order different from that in the embodiments and still achieve the desired results. In addition, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0235] Although the present application provides method operation steps such as embodiments or flow charts, more or fewer operation steps may be included based on conventional or non-creative labor. The order of steps listed in the embodiments is only one way of executing the order of many steps and does not represent the only execution order. When the actual device or client product is executed, it can be executed in the order of the method shown in the embodiments or the drawings or in parallel (for example, in a parallel processor or multi-threaded processing environment).

[0236] For the convenience of description, the above devices are described in various modules according to their functions. Of course, when implementing the embodiments of this specification, the functions of each module can be implemented in the same or more software and / or hardware, or the module implementing the same function can be implemented by a combination of multiple sub-modules or sub-units. The device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0237] Those skilled in the art also know that, in addition to implementing the controller in a purely computer-readable program code, the controller can be made to implement the same function in the form of logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, and embedded microcontrollers by logically programming the method steps. Therefore, such a controller can be considered as a hardware component, and the devices for implementing various functions included therein can also be considered as structures within the hardware component. Or even, the devices for implementing various functions can be considered as both software modules for implementing the method and structures within the hardware component.

[0238] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0239] The memory may include non-permanent storage in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory in the form of read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. The memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

[0240] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiment. In the description of this specification, the description of the reference terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiment of this specification. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily target the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, in the absence of contradiction, a person skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0241] The above is only an example of the embodiment of the present specification and is not intended to limit the embodiment of the present specification. For those skilled in the art, the embodiment of the present specification may have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the embodiment of the present specification shall be included in the scope of the claims of the embodiment of the present specification.

Claims

1. A noise processing method suitable for acoustic wave remote detection wellbore mode, characterized in that: include: Grouping multiple single shot data according to the offset of each single shot data of the target work area to generate multiple common offset gathers; Determine the spatial amplitude of each seismic trace according to the energy of the seismic trace in each common offset gather; Noise processing is performed on the single shot data according to the spatial amplitude.

2. The noise processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before grouping the plurality of single shot data according to the offset of each single shot data to generate a plurality of common offset gathers, the method further comprises: Collect multiple single shot data of the target work area in the acoustic wave remote detection wellbore mode.

3. The noise processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining the spatial amplitude of each seismic trace according to the energy of the seismic trace in each common offset trace gather comprises: Blocking each common offset gather to generate a plurality of block data, wherein each block data includes at least one seismic trace; In each block of data, a spatial amplitude ratio curve of the block of data is determined according to the root mean square amplitude energy of each seismic trace.

4. The noise processing method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Noise processing is performed on the single shot data according to the spatial amplitude, including: Noise processing is performed on the single shot data according to the spatial amplitude ratio curve and a baseline of the spatial amplitude ratio curve.

5. The noise processing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The single shot data is subjected to noise processing according to the spatial amplitude ratio curve and a baseline of the spatial amplitude ratio curve, including: When the spatial amplitude ratio curve deviates from the baseline and exceeds a preset threshold, noise processing is performed on the single shot data.

6. The noise processing method according to claim 5, characterized in that: Determining the spatial amplitude ratio curve of each block of data according to the root mean square amplitude energy of each seismic trace comprises: In each block of data, determining the average amplitude energy of the block of data according to the root mean square amplitude of each seismic trace; A spatial amplitude ratio curve of the block data is determined according to the average amplitude energy.

7. The noise processing method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The single shot data is subjected to noise processing, including: Energy attenuation is performed on each seismic trace according to the average amplitude energy of the seismic trace.

8. A noise processing device suitable for acoustic wave remote detection wellbore mode, characterized in that: include: A single shot data grouping module is used to group multiple single shot data according to the offset of each single shot data of the target work area to generate multiple common offset gathers; A seismic trace spatial amplitude determination module, used for determining the spatial amplitude of each seismic trace according to the energy of each seismic trace in each common offset gather; The single shot data noise reduction processing module is used to perform noise processing on the single shot data according to the spatial amplitude.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the program, the steps of the noise processing method applicable to the acoustic wave remote detection wellbore mode as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the noise processing method applicable to the acoustic wave remote detection wellbore mode as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

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