Optical cable structure applied to long-term positioning and optical cable anti-shooting signal generation system

Abstract

The application provides a cable structure applied to long-term positioning, comprising a fiber unit, a fiber unit protection sleeve sleeved outside the fiber unit, a fixing member, a connecting wire and a plurality of signal generating devices; the fixing member is provided with a first accommodating portion and a second accommodating portion, the fiber unit protection sleeve is arranged in the first accommodating portion, and the plurality of signal generating devices are equidistantly arranged in the second accommodating portion along the length direction of the second accommodating portion; the plurality of signal generating devices are all provided with wire accommodating portions, the connecting wire is arranged in the wire accommodating portions of the plurality of signal generating devices and connects the plurality of signal generating devices. The signal generating device is integrated with the cable, so that the cable structure of the application can be applied to long-term positioning, and the problem that the signal generator in the prior art is powered by a battery and requires completing positioning measurement within one to two weeks after the cable is laid is solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of seismic exploration and development technology, and particularly relates to a cable structure applied to long-term positioning. BACKGROUND

[0002] Since the development of seismic exploration technology in the 1930s, seismic recording instruments and seismic exploration technology have been continuously developed. In the development process of seismic exploration technology in the past hundred years, seismic acquisition equipment is the key equipment of seismic exploration technology, and the development of seismic exploration technology is complementary to each other. The technical level, performance index and application effect are directly related to the effect of seismic acquisition data.

[0003] With the change of exploration and development targets, seismic exploration technology has also developed in different directions, and the requirements for the receiving system of seismic acquisition equipment have also changed a lot. In recent period, distributed fiber acoustic sensing technology (Distributed fiber Acoustic Sensing, DAS) has shown good application prospects in seismic exploration.

[0004] Distributed fiber acoustic sensing technology (Distributed fiber Acoustic Sensing, DAS): using the phase of coherent Rayleigh scattering light instead of light intensity to detect signals such as sound or vibration in the audio range. Not only can the phase amplitude be used to provide sound or vibration event intensity information, but also linear quantitative measurement can be used to obtain sound or vibration event phase and frequency information.

[0005] The measurement process of DAS is: the laser emits light pulses along the optical fiber, some light interferes with the incident light in the form of backscattering within the pulse, and the interference light is reflected back to the signal processing device. At the same time, the optical fiber along the line vibration sound wave signal brings the signal processing device. Since the speed of light remains unchanged, the measurement result of the sound wave vibration of each meter of optical fiber can be obtained.

[0006] DAS can be applied to related fields such as oil exploration, oil and shale gas fracturing sound wave vibration process monitoring.

[0007] Currently, the main consideration for downhole permanent optical cable in oil and gas exploration and development is to protect the optical fiber core from damage during construction. A multi-layer protective sleeve (hereinafter referred to as optical fiber sleeve) is added to the outer layer of the optical fiber core, and a polymer such as polypropylene with high temperature resistance, high pressure resistance and good toughness is used for encapsulation and molding; then a signal generating device is placed side by side on one side of the optical fiber sleeve, and the signal generating devices are connected through low-impedance wires.

[0008] There are two main ways for the existing downhole permanent optical cable shooting avoidance, one is to customize the protector and crawler, and to position by measuring gravity anomaly and magnetic field anomaly, the other is to increase a signal generator when the optical cable is lowered, and to determine the position of the optical cable by measuring the signal generated by the signal generator, the signal generator is powered by a battery, in this case, the measurement must be completed when the battery can make the signal generator work normally, that is, within one to two weeks after the optical cable is lowered, which has high requirements on the operation time, increases the production cost, and affects the application of the technology. Therefore, developing an optical cable structure capable of being applied to long-term positioning has become a problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. SUMMARY

[0009] The present application aims to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and the signal generating device is integrated with the optical cable through a wire, and is used to provide power supply and communication, the corresponding signal is generated by the ground control device, and the signal is measured by the equipment in the casing, so that the position of the optical cable is determined, thereby being applied to long-term positioning, avoiding the optical cable in the perforating construction process, ensuring that the optical fiber unit in the optical cable is not broken, and being used for later oil and gas exploration and measurement. It should be noted that the "equipment in the casing" in this paragraph refers to the equipment that can receive the signal generated by the signal generating device when the position of the optical cable needs to be measured.

[0010] The present application is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0011] One of the purposes of the present application is to provide an optical cable structure applied to long-term positioning, which comprises an optical fiber unit, an optical fiber unit protection sleeve arranged outside the optical fiber unit, a fixing member, a connecting wire and a plurality of signal generating devices; wherein the fixing member is provided with a first accommodating portion and a second accommodating portion, the optical fiber unit protection sleeve is arranged in the first accommodating portion, and a plurality of signal generating devices are arranged in the second accommodating portion along the length direction of the second accommodating portion at equal intervals; each of the plurality of signal generating devices is provided with a wire accommodating portion, and the connecting wire is arranged in the wire accommodating portion of the plurality of signal generating devices and connects the plurality of signal generating devices.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, each of the signal generating devices is provided with at least four wire accommodating portions.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present application,

[0014] The optical fiber unit comprises a plurality of optical fiber cores; and / or

[0015] The optical fiber unit comprises at least three optical fiber cores; and / or

[0016] At least three of the optical fiber cores are single-mode optical fibers and / or multi-mode optical fibers.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the fixing member is made of a polymer material.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the optical cable structure is flat or square.

[0019] A second object of the present application is to provide an optical cable anti-shooting signal generation system for long-term positioning, which comprises a ground signal control device and the optical cable structure of the first object of the present application; wherein the ground signal control device and the optical cable structure are connected by the connecting wire.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the ground signal control device comprises:

[0021] an input module, which is communicatively connected to the main controller and is configured to receive an input command and send it to the main controller;

[0022] a satellite receiving module, which is communicatively connected to the antenna and the main controller, respectively, and is configured to receive satellite information of the antenna, read time, and send them to the main controller;

[0023] a downhole equipment power supply module, which is communicatively connected to the power input interface and the main controller, respectively, and is configured to receive an external input power and a command from the main controller to supply power to the plurality of signal generation devices;

[0024] a main controller, which is configured to supply power and issue a command to the plurality of signal generation devices according to the input command and the time.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the command includes setting a device serial number and / or starting.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the signal generation device comprises:

[0027] a communication control module, which is communicatively connected to the main controller of the ground signal control device and is configured to receive a command issued by the main controller and send it to the controller;

[0028] a controller, which is communicatively connected to the communication control module and is configured to generate a serial number and store it when receiving a setting serial number command, and send a starting command to the signal generation module when receiving it;

[0029] a signal generation module, which is communicatively connected to the controller and is configured to receive a starting command and generate a signal containing a serial number;

[0030] a signal output module, which is communicatively connected to the signal generation module and is configured to receive a signal containing a serial number and output it.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the signal generating device further comprises a power management control module, which is respectively communicatively connected to the controller, the uplink interface module and the downlink interface module; and is configured to cut off the power supply between the controller and the downlink interface module when the controller receives the set serial number command; and / or

[0032] a communication control module, which is respectively communicatively connected to the uplink interface module and the downlink interface module; and is configured to cut off the communication between the controller and the downlink interface module when the controller receives the set serial number command.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] 1. The signal generating device is integrated with the optical cable, and a power supply and communication method are provided; the corresponding signal is generated by the ground control device for the equipment in the casing pipe to perform measurement. On the one hand, the optical cable structure of the present application can be applied to long-term positioning, and the problem that the signal generator in the prior art is powered by a battery and requires positioning measurement to be completed within one to two weeks after the optical cable is laid is solved; on the other hand, the integration of the signal generating device and the optical cable can accurately determine the position of the optical cable, improve the reliability, and thus avoid the optical cable in the perforation construction process, improve the protection of the optical fiber unit in the optical cable, and be used for oil and gas exploration and measurement in the later period.

[0035] 2. The signal generating device is integrated with the optical cable, which simplifies the structure of the optical cable and the signal generating system and makes the construction more convenient; and on the other hand, many external interfaces are reduced, especially the interface between the signal generating device and the optical fiber unit, thereby reducing the failure rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the optical cable structure for long-term positioning of the present application;

[0037] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the optical cable perforation-avoiding signal generating system for long-term positioning of the present application;

[0038] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of the signal control device in the optical cable perforation-avoiding signal generating system for long-term positioning of the present application;

[0039] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of the signal generating device in the optical cable perforation-avoiding signal generating system for long-term positioning of the present application;

[0040] Figure 5 FIG. 5 is a work flow diagram of the signal control device in the optical cable perforation-avoiding signal generating system for long-term positioning of the present application;

[0041] Figure 6This is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the signal generating device in the optical cable radiation avoidance signal generating system for long-term positioning, as described in this invention.

[0042] In the diagram, M00 is the optical cable structure, M01 is the optical fiber unit, M02 is the protective sleeve for the optical fiber unit, M03 is the connecting wire, and M04 is the fixing component.

[0043] M2 - Signal generating device;

[0044] M1 - Ground Signal Control Device. Detailed Implementation

[0045] In this invention, the two ends of the optical fiber unit M01 are named the head end and the tail end, respectively. The head end corresponds to the end closest to the ground, and the tail end corresponds to the end farthest from the ground.

[0046] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, the optical cable structure M00 of the present invention for long-term positioning includes: optical fiber unit M01, optical fiber unit protective sleeve M02, connecting wire M03, fixing component M04, and signal generating device M2.

[0048] Fiber optic unit M01 may contain one or more fiber cores. The number of fiber cores in fiber optic unit M01 depends on the measurement parameters, but must include at least three, used for data acquisition in distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing (DAS), distributed optical fiber temperature sensing (DTS), and distributed optical fiber strain sensing (DSS), respectively. When multiple fiber cores are placed in fiber optic unit M01, the fiber cores can be single-mode fiber, multi-mode fiber, or a combination of both; similarly, when only one fiber core is placed in fiber optic unit M01, the fiber core can also be single-mode fiber or multi-mode fiber.

[0049] The fiber optic unit protective sleeve M02 can be a single sleeve or a combination of multiple sleeves. The size of the fiber optic unit protective sleeve M02 is determined by the number of fiber cores, and the material of the fiber optic unit protective sleeve M02 is determined by the measurement target. Figure 1 In this design, the fiber optic unit protective sleeve M02 is a single sleeve with five sub-sleeves, each containing a fiber optic unit M01. The inner diameter of each sub-sleeve matches the outer diameter of the fiber optic unit M01 within it, allowing the fiber optic unit M01 to pass through the sleeve; the length of each sub-sleeve is not less than the length of the fiber optic unit M01 within it. Figure 1 The structure of the protective sleeve M02 for the optical fiber unit does not constitute a limitation of the present invention, and it can be designed as a single tube or a combination of other sleeves according to actual needs.

[0050] The split sleeve and the optical fiber unit M01 inside it are filled with optical fiber paste to bond the optical fiber unit M01 in each split sleeve, and finally make the plurality of optical fiber units M01 and the optical fiber unit protective sleeve M02 integrated, thereby realizing the fixation and protection of the optical fiber unit M01. Specifically, on the one hand, it can fix the optical fiber unit M01, and on the other hand, after integration, the optical fiber unit protective sleeve M02 can prevent hydrogen from damaging the optical fiber unit M01, thereby protecting it and prolonging the service life of the optical fiber unit M01. In this embodiment, the optical fiber unit protective sleeve M02 can be made of an aluminum pipe or a copper pipe. The optical fiber paste used in oil and gas wells can be used, and the present application is not limited.

[0051] Outside the optical fiber unit protective sleeve M02, a signal generating device M2 and a fixing member M04 are further provided. The length of the fixing member M04 is not less than the length of the optical fiber unit M01, and a first accommodating portion and a second accommodating portion are provided along the length direction of the optical fiber unit M01. The inner diameter of the first accommodating portion matches the outer diameter of the optical fiber unit protective sleeve M02, so that the optical fiber unit protective sleeve M02 passes through and is fixed; the size of the second accommodating portion matches the size of the signal generating device M2, so that the signal generating device M2 passes through and is fixed.

[0052] It should be emphasized that the number of signal generating devices M2 is multiple, which is preferably arranged in the second accommodating portion along the length direction of the fixing member M04 at equal intervals; and one signal generating device M2 is arranged at the head end and the tail end of the optical fiber unit M01. As shown in Figure 2 , the signal generating device M2-1 is the signal generating device M2 arranged at the head end of the optical fiber unit M01, and the signal generating device M2-n is the signal generating device M2 arranged at the tail end of the optical fiber unit M01. The number of signal generating devices M2 is set according to the actual situation, and the present application is not limited. The distance between two adjacent signal generating devices M2 is preferably 10 m, so as to further improve the measurement accuracy of the position of the optical cable.

[0053] The signal generating device M2 is provided with a wire accommodating portion for fixedly connecting the wire M03. The connecting wire M03 can be directly welded to the wire accommodating portion, or can be connected to the wire accommodating portion through a plug-in connector. As shown in Figure 2 , one end of the connecting wire M03 is arranged in the signal generating device M2-n and passes out of the signal generating device M2-n in turn through all the remaining signal generating devices M2, until it passes through the signal generating device M2-1. That is, a plurality of signal generating devices M2 are connected in turn through the connecting wire M03.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the wire accommodating portion of the signal generating device M2 can be provided with multiple, and the corresponding connecting wires M03 are also multiple. As shown in Figure 1 The signal generating device M2 is provided with four wire accommodating portions, two of which are used for power supply, and the other two are used for communication, but this does not constitute a limitation to the present application, and the skilled person can adjust according to actual needs. The connecting wire M03 is preferably a wire with small resistivity, good conductivity, and strong tensile resistance. More preferably, the outer diameter of the connecting wire M03 is not greater than one third of the inner diameter of the optical fiber unit protective sleeve M02.

[0055] It should be emphasized that the fixing member M04 is made of a polymer material, which has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, strong tensile and compressive resistance, good toughness, strong plasticity, good elasticity, and easy molding, and is preferably made of polypropylene. Before production, the polymer material is melted at high temperature and then introduced into the mold; then the optical fiber unit protective sleeve M02 and the multiple signal generating devices M2 (which have been connected by the connecting wires M03) are also introduced into the corresponding positions of the mold; finally, the polymer material is cooled and molded. Finally, the fixing member M04 bonds and cures the optical fiber unit protective sleeve M02 and the multiple signal generating devices M2 together to form the optical cable M00. Preferably, the optical cable M00 is flat or square to better fix the optical fiber unit protective sleeve M02 and the multiple signal generating devices M2. Another function of the fixing member M04 is to protect the optical fiber unit M01, the signal generating device M2, and the connecting wire M03 in the optical cable M00 during construction, and to ensure that they can work normally after being lowered.

[0056] The present application also relates to a long-term positioning optical cable signal generating system, which comprises the aforementioned long-term positioning optical cable structure M00 and a ground signal control device M1. As shown in Figure 2 The signal generating device M2 and the connecting wire M03 are integrated in the optical cable structure M00. As mentioned earlier, the connecting wire M03 extends from the signal generating device M2-n to the signal generating device M2-1. In the long-term positioning optical cable signal generating system, the connecting wire M03 continues to extend and is finally connected to the ground signal control device M1. The connecting wire M03 connects the ground signal control device M1 and the multiple signal generating devices M2, which has two functions: on the one hand, it is used for communication between the ground signal control device M1 and the multiple signal generating devices M2, providing a communication hardware channel (two sets of communication wires) for both; on the other hand, it is used for the ground signal control device M1 to supply power to the multiple signal generating devices M2 (two sets of power supply wires).

[0057] The working mode and process of the signal generating system are as follows:

[0058] The ground signal control device M1 is the control center of the signal generating system, which provides power supply for multiple signal generating devices M2, and sends commands to the signal generating devices M2 in the optical cable M00 through the connecting wire M03 in the optical cable structure M00 according to the preset starting time, and the signal generating devices M2 receive the commands of the ground signal control device M1 and execute them. The commands sent by the ground signal control device M1 to the signal generating devices M2 are of two types: the first type is the "set sequence number" command, and the second type is the "start" command. After receiving the "set sequence number" command, the signal generating device M2 will set the sequence number of the signal generating device M2 in turn; after receiving the "start" command, the signal generating device M2 will generate corresponding signals for other collection devices to collect. The other collection devices in this section are collection devices that can be put into the well to receive the signals generated by the signal generating device M2, such as devices that receive vibration signals or electromagnetic signals, which are all commercially available products and will not be described here.

[0059] As shown in Figure 3 The ground signal control device M1 is composed of a main controller M11, a display module M12, an input module M13, a satellite receiving module M14, an antenna M15, a downlink communication module M16, an output interface M17, a synchronous communication module M18, a synchronous communication interface M19, a power input interface M110, a local power supply module M111, a local power supply interface M112, and a downhole device power supply module M113.

[0060] The main controller M11 is the control center of the ground signal control device M1, and the main controller M11 is in communication connection with the display module M12, and displays information through the display module M12. The information displayed here is various information for human-computer interaction (such as preset starting time, real-time working state, etc.). The main controller M11 is in communication connection with the input module M13, and carries out local human-computer interaction dialogue through the input module M13. The input module M13 is configured to receive input commands (including but not limited to setting the starting time, starting which signal generating device, generating signal frequency, etc.), and sends the commands to the main controller M11. The setting of the starting time here includes but is not limited to the starting time of "setting sequence number" and the starting time of "generating signal". Generally, the time between two adjacent "setting sequence numbers" is not less than one month. The time between two adjacent "generating signals" can be set according to the needs.

[0061] The main controller M11 is in communication connection with the satellite receiving module M14, and the satellite receiving module M14 is in communication connection with the antenna M15. The satellite receiving module M14 receives satellite information through the antenna M15, reads time, receives a second pulse, and sends them to the main controller M11. The time is a reference signal for judging a starting signal. After the main controller M11 receives the time of the satellite receiving module M14, it judges whether the time reaches a preset starting time. If yes, corresponding commands can be started. For example, if the starting time of "setting serial number" is reached, the "setting serial number" command is sent to the plurality of signal generating devices M2; if the starting time of "generating signals" is reached, the plurality of signal generating devices M2 are powered on, and after the power supply is completed, the "starting" command is sent to the plurality of signal generating devices M2, and the plurality of signal generating devices M2 receive the "starting" command and generate signals for other collection devices to collect.

[0062] The main controller M11 is in communication connection with the synchronization communication module M18, the synchronization communication module M18 is in communication connection with the synchronization communication interface M19, and the synchronization communication interface M19 is in communication connection with the external signal collection system. Finally, the main controller M11 communicates with the external signal collection system through the synchronization communication module M18 and the synchronization communication interface M19.

[0063] The main controller M11 is in communication connection with the downlink communication module M16, and the downlink communication module M16 is in communication connection with the output interface M17. The main controller M11 is connected to the output interface M17 through the downlink communication module M16, and the output interface M17 is connected with the connecting wire M03 in the optical cable structure M00. In this way, the main controller M11 can supply power to the signal generating device M2 and send commands. In the embodiment, the output interface M17 is connected with four groups of wires in the four wire containing parts (two groups of wires in the wire containing parts are used for power supply, and the other two groups of wires in the wire containing parts are used for communication).

[0064] The main controller M11 is in communication connection with the downhole equipment power supply module M113, the downhole equipment power supply module M113 is connected with the power input interface M110 and the output interface M17, the power input interface M110 is connected with the local power module M111, and the local power module M111 is connected with the local power interface M112. The power input interface M110 is a power input interface, which can receive an external input power. After receiving the input power, the power input interface M110 converts the input power into a required voltage, and supplies power to the corresponding circuit through the local power module M111 and the local power interface M112, and converts the input power into a required voltage, and supplies power to the signal generating device M2 through the downhole equipment power supply module M113, the output interface M17 and the connecting wire M03. The downhole equipment power supply module M113 is controlled by the main controller M11, and is configured to receive the command of the main controller M11 to supply power to the plurality of signal generating devices M2.

[0065] The signal generating device M2 is configured to receive the command of the ground signal control system M1, set the serial number of the current signal generating device M2, generate a corresponding signal (i.e. a signal containing the serial number), and control the next level signal generating device M2. Here, "controlling the next level signal generating device M2" includes two aspects: power supply control and communication control. The optical cable M00 has the functions of sensing vibration signals, transmitting signals, electrical transmission and control signal transmission, and is the core of the optical fiber vibration sensing signal.

[0066] Figure 4 The function block diagram of the signal generating device M2 is shown. As shown in Figure 4 The function modules of the signal generating device M2 mainly include the controller M21, the communication control module M22, the power management control module M23, the uplink interface module M24, the downlink interface module M25, the signal generating module M26 and the signal output module M27. Among them, the controller M21 is the control center of the signal generating device M2.

[0067] The controller M21 of the first level signal generating device M2 is in communication connection with the communication control module M22, the communication control module M22 is in communication connection with the uplink interface module M24, and the uplink interface module M24 is in communication connection with the ground signal control device M1. Specifically, the communication control module M22 in the first level signal generating device M2 is in communication connection with the output interface M17 in the ground signal control device M1 through the uplink interface module M24, thereby receiving the command from the main controller M11 in the ground signal control device M1 and transmitting it to the controller M21. The communication control module M22 in the first level signal generating device M2 is in communication connection with the uplink interface module M24 in the second level signal generating device M2 through the downlink interface module M25, thereby realizing the communication control of the next level signal generating device M2.

[0068] The controller M21 of the first level signal generating device M2 is in communication connection with the battery management control module M23, the battery management control module M23 is in communication connection with the uplink interface module M24, and the uplink interface module M24 is in communication connection with the ground signal control device M1. Specifically, the battery management control module M23 in the first level signal generating device M2 is in communication connection with the output interface M17 and the downhole equipment power supply module M113 in the ground signal control device M1 through the uplink interface module M24 to receive power supply. The battery management control module M23 in the first level signal generating device M2 is in communication connection with the uplink interface module M24 in the second level signal generating device M2 through the downlink interface module M25, thereby realizing power supply control of the next level signal generating device M2.

[0069] The controller M21 of the first level signal generating device M2 receives the command of the ground signal control device M1. If it is a "set serial number" command, a control information is sent to the communication control module M22 to disconnect the communication channel of the subsequent signal generating device M2 (the communication control module M22 controls the on-off of the connection wire M03 for communication), and a control information is sent to the battery management control module M23 to disconnect the power supply channel of the subsequent signal generating device M2 (the battery management control module M23 controls the on-off of the connection wire M03 for power supply). After the serial number setting of the first level signal generating device M2 is completed, the serial number is stored as the serial number of the first level signal generating device M2, and then the controller M21 of the first level signal generating device M2 sends a control information to the communication control module M22 and the battery management control module M23 respectively to restore the communication channel and the power supply channel of the subsequent signal generating device M2. The controller M21 of the second level signal generating device M2 receives the "set serial number" command, and sends a control information to the communication control module M22 and the battery management control module M23 respectively to disconnect the communication channel and the power supply channel of the subsequent signal generating device M2; after the serial number setting is completed, the communication channel and the power supply channel of the subsequent signal generating device M2 are restored. In succession, the serial number setting of the last level signal generating device M2 is completed. In this way, it is ensured that the serial number of each signal generating device M2 is unique in the same optical cable, so as to improve the accuracy of the relative position detection of the optical cable.

[0070] It should be noted that the control default state communication switch is opened at power-on, and only when it needs to be disconnected (such as setting the device serial number), the controller M21 controls the communication control module M22 to disconnect the communication channel of the subsequent signal generating device M2. Similarly, the control default state power supply switch is opened at power-on, and only when it needs to be disconnected (such as setting the device serial number), the controller M21 controls the power management control module M23 to disconnect the power supply channel of the subsequent signal generating device M2.

[0071] The controller M21 of the first signal generating device M2 receives the command of the ground signal control device M1, and if it is a "start" command, the signal generating module M26 generates a signal before the power supply of the multiple signal generating devices M2. Specifically, after reaching the predetermined start time of "preparing to generate a signal", the ground signal control device M1 sends the "start power supply" command to the downhole equipment power supply module M113. As mentioned above, the default state communication switch and the power supply switch are both open at power-on, so the downhole equipment power supply module M113 starts to supply power to all signal generating devices M2. After the power supply is completed, the ground signal control device M1 sends the "start" command to the signal generating device M2.

[0072] The controller M21 is in communication connection with the signal generating module M26, and the signal generating module M26 is in communication connection with the signal driving output module M27. According to the received "start" command, the controller M21 controls the signal generating module M26 to generate a signal containing the serial number of the signal generating device M2, and then the signal driving output module M27 outputs the signal containing the serial number of the signal generating device M2. The signal driving output module M27 is the final output module of the signal, which transmits the generated signal outward, which is received by other acquisition devices. It should be noted that the signal driving output module M27 amplifies the analog electrical signal output by the signal generating module M26, and converts the electrical signal into a corresponding excitation signal such as a vibration signal, an electromagnetic signal, etc. The other acquisition devices sequentially receive the signals (containing the serial number information) of the multiple signal generating devices M2, and then determine the relative position of each signal generating device M2, and then analyze the relative position of the optical cable through the relative positions of all signal generating devices M2.

[0073] Figure 5 The working flow chart of the ground signal control device M1 is shown. It should be noted that before the optical cable M00 is lowered into the well, the ground signal control device M1 is used to set the serial number of the multiple signal generating devices M2, and the controller M21 in the signal generating device M2 stores the serial number of the signal generating device M2; the serial number can be represented by two bytes (more bytes can be used) of hexadecimal number, which is used to determine the relative position of the signal generating device M2 in the well. As shown in Figure 5 After power-on, the main program starts to run.

[0074] The first step is power-on initialization. Specifically, some status flags are set, including but not limited to input information flag (such as preset start time), input completion flag, set device serial number flag, prepare to generate signal flag, power supply flag, generate signal flag, read information of corresponding device (such as reading satellite signal), configure interface, etc. In the embodiment, the "input completion flag", "set device serial number flag", "prepare to generate signal flag", "power supply flag", "generate signal flag" are all initialized to 0. If the "input completion flag" becomes 1, it indicates that the input is completed; if the "set device serial number flag" becomes 1, it indicates that the device serial number needs to be set; if the "prepare to generate signal flag" becomes 1, it indicates that the signal is ready to be generated; if the "power supply flag" becomes 1, it indicates that the power supply is completed; if the "generate signal flag" becomes 1, it indicates that the signal needs to be generated.

[0075] The second step is that the main controller M11 judges whether the input module M13 is performing manual input of information; the manual input of information includes but is not limited to the start time of setting the device serial number, the start time of preparing to generate the signal, the power-on and power-off time, the signal duration, and the cancellation of generating the signal. If yes, go to the third step. If no, go to the fifth step.

[0076] The third step is that the input module M13 receives the manually input information and sends it to the main controller M11. It should be noted that in the embodiment, the "manually input information" in this step includes but is not limited to the preset start time.

[0077] The fourth step is that the main controller M11 judges whether the manual input of information is completed. If not, return to the second step. If yes, go to the fifth step. If the input of information is completed, the "input completion flag" in the first step changes from the initialized 0 to 1.

[0078] The fifth step is that the main controller M11 judges whether the device serial number is set (the device here refers to the multiple signal generating devices M2). If yes, go to the eleventh step to set the device serial number. If no, go to the sixth step. It should be noted that the judgment here is based on whether the preset start time of "setting the device serial number" is reached, which needs to be compared with the time sent by the satellite receiving module M14 to the main controller M11. If the comparison shows that the preset start time is reached, the "set device serial number flag" in the first step changes from the initialized 0 to 1.

[0079] The sixth step, the main controller M11 judges whether to prepare to generate signal, if no, then return to the second step, if yes, then enter the seventh step. It is need to point out that the judgment basis here is whether to reach the preset starting time of "generating signal", need to compare with the time that satellite receiving module M14 sends to main controller M11. If after comparison, reach the preset starting time, then the "preparation to generate signal mark" of first step changes from initialization 0 to 1.

[0080] The seventh step, the main controller M11 sends command to downhole equipment power supply module M113, downhole equipment power supply module M113 starts to supply power to multiple signal generating devices M2 through connecting wire M03.

[0081] The eighth step, the main controller M11 judges whether the power supply is completed, if yes, then enter the ninth step, if no, then return to the eighth step. Signal generating device M2 will detect the power supply condition after power on, power supply is considered to be completed after power is stable; signal generating device M2 sends a command to main controller M11 after power is stable, main controller M11 sets "power supply mark" to 1 after receiving the command.

[0082] The ninth step, the main controller M11 judges whether to need to send starting command of generating signal to signal generating device M2. If no, then return to the ninth step, if yes, then enter the tenth step.

[0083] The tenth step, the main controller M11 sends "starting" command to multiple signal generating devices M2 through downlink communication module M16, output interface M17 and connecting wire M03, then return to the second step.

[0084] The eleventh step, run the setting device serial number program, the main controller M11 sends "setting serial number" command to multiple signal generating devices M2 through downlink communication module M16 and output interface M17, then return to the second step.

[0085] Figure 6 The working flow chart of signal generating device M2. As shown in the figure, initialization is carried out after power on, wait to receive the command of ground signal control device M1, store serial number and output signal according to the command. The specific process is as follows: Figure 6

[0086] The first step, power on initialization.

[0087] The second step, controller M21 judges whether to receive the command of ground signal control device M1. If yes, then enter the third step. If no, then return to the second step.

[0088] The third step, controller M21 receives the command of ground signal control device M1.

[0089] ​Fourth step, controller M21 judges whether it is "set device serial number" command, if not, then enter the fifth step, if yes, then go to the seventh step.

[0090] Fifth step, controller M21 judges whether it is "start" command, if yes, then enter the sixth step, if not, then return to the second step.

[0091] Sixth step, controller M21 receives the "start" command of ground signal control device M1 and controls signal generating module M26 to generate a signal containing the serial number of the signal generating device M2 for other acquisition devices to collect and determine the direction and position of the optical cable in the well, and then returns to the second step.

[0092] Seventh step, the controller M21 of each level signal generating device M2 receives the "set serial number" command of the ground signal control device M1 in turn, sets the serial number of the signal generating device M2 according to the command, and stores the serial number as the serial number of the signal generating device M2. Then return to the second step.

[0093] Example 1

[0094] 1. Complete the production and debugging of the optical cable M00 and the ground signal control device M1;

[0095] 2. Before the optical cable M00 is lowered into the well, use the ground signal control device M1 to set the serial numbers of the multiple signal generating devices M2;

[0096] 3. According to the oil casing lowering into the well operation specification, lower the optical cable M00 integrated with multiple signal generating devices M2 and connecting wires M03 into the well;

[0097] 4. Optical fiber core testing and signal generating system debugging: use optical fiber testing equipment to test the optical fiber core in the optical cable M00, and use the ground signal control device M1 to power and control the multiple signal generating devices M2;

[0098] 5. Run the signal generating system program to generate corresponding excitation signals (the signals contain serial number information).

[0099] 6. Other acquisition devices receive the excitation signals and analyze them to ultimately obtain the position information of the optical cable at a certain depth, which is used to avoid the optical cable position during perforation to ensure that the optical cable is not broken by the perforation, so as to be used for subsequent oil and gas production monitoring.

[0100] It should be noted that there are many ways to start generating signals, and the satellite signal starting method of the present application is only one of them. The acquisition device can also send a synchronization signal to start generating signals, or manually input to start generating signals. The skilled person can choose according to actual needs.

[0101] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0102] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0103] The above technical solution is only one embodiment of the present application. For those skilled in the art, on the basis of the principles disclosed in the present application, various types of improvements or modifications can be easily made, and are not limited to the technical solution described in the above embodiment of the present application. Therefore, the foregoing description is only preferred, and is not limited in meaning.

Claims

1. A cable structure for long-term positioning, characterized by: The optical cable structure comprises an optical fiber unit, an optical fiber unit protection sleeve, a fixing member, a connecting wire and a plurality of signal generating devices. The fixing member is provided with a first accommodating portion and a second accommodating portion. The optical fiber unit protection sleeve is arranged in the first accommodating portion. The plurality of signal generating devices are arranged in the second accommodating portion at equal intervals along the length direction of the fixing member. Each of the plurality of signal generating devices is provided with a wire accommodating portion. The connecting wire is arranged in the wire accommodating portion of each of the plurality of signal generating devices and connects the plurality of signal generating devices. Each of the signal generating devices is provided with at least four wire accommodating portions. The first end and the tail end of the optical fiber unit are each provided with one signal generating device.

2. The optical cable structure for long-term positioning according to claim 1, wherein: the optical fiber unit is a plurality of optical fiber units; and / or the optical fiber unit comprises at least three optical fiber cores; and / or the at least three optical fiber cores are single-mode optical fibers and / or multi-mode optical fibers. The fixing member is made of a polymer material. The optical cable structure is flat or square. The optical cable structure comprises a ground signal control device and the optical cable structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4. The ground signal control device and the optical cable structure are connected by the connecting wire.

3. The optical cable structure for long-term positioning according to claim 1, characterized by: The ground signal control device comprises:

4. The optical cable structure for long-term positioning according to claim 1, characterized by: an input module, which is communicatively connected to the main controller and is configured to receive an input command and send the input command to the main controller; 5. A fiber optic cable radiation avoidance signal generation system for long-term positioning, characterized in that: a satellite receiving module, which is communicatively connected to the antenna and the main controller, and is configured to receive satellite information of the antenna, read time, and send the satellite information and the time to the main controller; 6. The optical cable shot-missile signal generation system of claim 5, wherein: a downhole device power supply module, which is communicatively connected to the power input interface and the main controller, and is configured to receive an external input power and a command from the main controller to supply power to the plurality of signal generating devices; a main controller, which is configured to supply power and issue a command to the plurality of signal generating devices according to the input command and the time.

7. The optical cable anti-shooting signal generating system according to claim 6, wherein: the command comprises setting a device serial number and / or starting. The signal generating device comprises: a communication control module, which is communicatively connected to the main controller of the ground signal control device and is configured to receive a command issued by the main controller and send the command to the controller; a controller, which is communicatively connected to the communication control module and is configured to generate a serial number in response to a setting serial number command and store the serial number, and send a starting command to the signal generating module in response to the starting command; 8. The optical cable shot-missile signal generation system of claim 7, wherein: a signal generating module, which is communicatively connected to the controller and is configured to generate a signal containing the serial number in response to the starting command; a signal output module, which is communicatively connected to the signal generating module and is configured to receive the signal containing the serial number and output the signal.

9. The optical cable anti-shooting signal generating system according to claim 8, wherein: the signal generating device further comprises a power management control module, which is communicatively connected to the controller, the uplink interface module and the downlink interface module; and is configured to cut off power supply between the controller and the downlink interface module when the controller receives a setting serial number command; and / or ​ ​ ​ The communication control module is respectively connected with the uplink interface module and the downlink interface module in communication; and is configured to cut off the communication between the downlink interface module when the controller receives the setting serial number command.

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