Whole-vehicle thermal runaway analogue simulation method and system for electric vehicle and storage equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle thermal runaway, in particular to a vehicle thermal runaway simulation method and system for an electric vehicle and storage equipment, and the method comprises the steps: constructing a power battery one-dimensional model corresponding to a power battery to be simulated; according to the one-dimensional model of the power battery, setting each thermal runaway triggering working condition corresponding to the power battery, simulating a thermal runaway simulation test of the power battery under different thermal runaway triggering working conditions, and calculating battery thermal runaway data corresponding to the power battery under thermal runaway; fitting the thermal runaway data of the battery to form a corresponding fitted curve, and compiling the fitted curve into a preset format file; constructing a three-dimensional model corresponding to the whole vehicle; according to the three-dimensional model, the battery thermal runaway data and the fitting curve written into the preset format file, simulation test calculation is conducted on the whole vehicle thermal runaway corresponding to the electric vehicle, and a whole vehicle thermal runaway simulation analysis result corresponding to the corresponding electric vehicle is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of thermal runaway of a whole vehicle, and in particular to a method, system and storage device for simulating thermal runaway of a whole electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The safety of electric vehicles is one of the key factors for their widespread application, and thermal runaway of power batteries is the main risk affecting the safety of electric vehicles. Thermal runaway may not only lead to battery performance degradation, but also cause fire or explosion, threatening the safety of passengers and the surrounding environment. Therefore, research on thermal runaway of electric vehicles is crucial.

[0003] Traditional thermal runaway simulation of electric vehicles mainly adopts real test methods, but the scale of electric vehicle test is relatively large, the test scenario is relatively complex, the experimental process is uncontrollable, and the test cost is high.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the existing thermal runaway simulation of electric vehicles adopts simulation methods. Although the simulation method greatly reduces the experimental cost and makes the experimental process more adaptable, the existing simulation methods often fail to fully consider the specific structure of the power battery, the chemical reaction mechanism and the complex heat transfer process, resulting in low simulation prediction accuracy and difficulty in truly reflecting the actual situation.

[0005] Based on this, there is an urgent need for a method, system and storage device for simulating thermal runaway of an electric vehicle, which can achieve high accuracy and high precision in simulating thermal runaway of an electric vehicle. Summary of the invention

[0006] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a method, system and storage device for simulating thermal runaway of an electric vehicle, which can achieve high accuracy and high precision in simulating thermal runaway of an electric vehicle.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, a method for simulating thermal runaway of an electric vehicle is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. According to the actual battery cell model and cell parameters corresponding to the power battery to be simulated, and based on each model component in the battery library, a one-dimensional power battery model corresponding to the power battery to be simulated is constructed;

[0009] S2. According to the constructed one-dimensional power battery model corresponding to the power battery to be simulated, various thermal runaway triggering conditions corresponding to the power battery are set, and under different thermal runaway triggering conditions, a thermal runaway simulation test of the power battery is simulated, and battery thermal runaway data corresponding to the power battery under thermal runaway is calculated; the battery thermal runaway data includes heat generation data and gas generation data;

[0010] S3, performing fitting processing on the heat generation data and the gas generation data to form a corresponding fitting curve, and writing the fitting curve into a preset format file;

[0011] S4. construct a three-dimensional model corresponding to the whole vehicle according to the actual result and actual size of the electric vehicle in which the power battery is installed;

[0012] S5. Based on the three-dimensional model corresponding to the whole vehicle, the battery thermal runaway data corresponding to the power battery under thermal runaway, and the fitting curve written as a preset format file, a simulation test calculation is performed on the thermal runaway of the whole vehicle corresponding to the electric vehicle, and a simulation analysis result of the thermal runaway of the whole vehicle corresponding to the corresponding electric vehicle is obtained.

[0013] Technical principles and effects of this solution: In this solution, the required one-dimensional model of the power battery is constructed based on the actual battery cell model and parameters and based on the various model components in the battery library. This method ensures that the battery model can accurately reflect the physical and chemical properties of the actual battery. The corresponding models can be quickly built for different types of batteries (such as lithium-ion, lithium iron phosphate, etc.), with strong adaptability. After completing the construction of the one-dimensional model of the power battery, the corresponding thermal runaway trigger conditions are set. By setting a variety of thermal runaway trigger conditions, including overcharging, over-discharging, short circuit, external heating, etc., it is ensured that the simulation covers all possible extreme situations. Thermal runaway simulation tests are carried out under different working conditions to obtain detailed heat generation data and gas production data, providing rich basic data for subsequent analysis.

[0014] Then, the heat generation data and gas generation data are fitted to form a fitting curve to ensure that the data is smooth and representative. The fitting curve is written as a preset format file to facilitate importing into the 3D vehicle simulation model, improving the efficiency and consistency of data processing.

[0015] Afterwards, a three-dimensional model of the whole vehicle was constructed based on the actual structure and size of the electric vehicle where the power battery is installed, ensuring that the simulation environment is as close to the actual situation as possible. Combined with the thermal runaway data and fitting curve of the power battery, the thermal runaway of the whole electric vehicle was simulated and calculated, realizing the coupling of battery thermal runaway gas production and vehicle combustion. The final simulation analysis results of the whole vehicle thermal runaway provide a comprehensive safety assessment.

[0016] This solution fully considers the structure of the power battery itself and the corresponding heat transfer mechanism through the one-dimensional model of the power battery, the three-dimensional model of the whole vehicle and the preset format file corresponding to the power battery. It not only realizes the full-chain simulation of thermal runaway from battery cells to the whole vehicle level, but also improves the authenticity of the thermal runaway simulation of the whole vehicle. It also significantly improves the prediction accuracy of the thermal runaway simulation of the whole vehicle, that is, it can achieve high accuracy and high precision of the thermal runaway simulation of the whole electric vehicle.

[0017] Furthermore, the thermal runaway triggering conditions corresponding to the power battery set in S2 include:

[0018] Under different thermal runaway triggering conditions, the thermophysical parameters, initial conditions and thermal runaway triggering conditions corresponding to the positive and negative electrode materials, electrolyte and diaphragm in the power battery are defined. The thermophysical parameters include thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity; the initial conditions include temperature and pressure; the thermal runaway triggering conditions include applying a temperature boundary.

[0019] Beneficial effects: In this solution, the precise setting of the thermal physical parameters of the power battery ensures that the simulation results can truly reflect the thermal behavior of the battery under different working conditions. The unified initial conditions ensure the comparability and consistency between different simulation tests. The diverse trigger conditions cover almost all possible extreme working conditions, ensuring that the simulation results have wide applicability.

[0020] Further, the S3 includes:

[0021] S30, identifying the gas components and corresponding temperature data released by the power battery under thermal runaway under different thermal runaway triggering conditions according to the heat generation data and gas generation data corresponding to the power battery under different thermal runaway triggering conditions;

[0022] S31, according to the identified gas component data and corresponding temperature data under a certain thermal runaway triggering condition, each gas component and the temperature data corresponding to the gas component are identified and classified, and a gas production rate-reaction temperature curve corresponding to each gas component is fitted;

[0023] S32. According to the fitted gas production rate-reaction temperature curve corresponding to each gas component, the corresponding gas production rate-reaction temperature curve is compiled into a UDF file corresponding to a certain thermal runaway triggering condition.

[0024] Beneficial effects: In this solution, the identified gas components are associated with the corresponding temperature data to ensure that the generation of each gas matches the temperature conditions under which it occurs, providing an in-depth understanding of the gas generation mechanism during battery thermal runaway, and helping to identify potential safety risk points. Use a suitable mathematical model (such as polynomial fitting, exponential fitting, etc.) to fit the relationship between the gas production rate and reaction temperature corresponding to each gas component to form a gas production rate-reaction temperature curve. The gas production rate-reaction temperature curve corresponding to each gas component is written as a user-defined function (UDF) file for easy import into Fluent or other simulation software. UDF files can be directly applied to vehicle thermal runaway simulation, reducing data conversion and processing time and improving simulation efficiency.

[0025] Further, the S5 includes:

[0026] S50, defining the combustible materials corresponding to the various components of the whole vehicle in the three-dimensional model according to the constructed three-dimensional model corresponding to the whole vehicle;

[0027] S51, dividing the three-dimensional model after defining the combustible material into calculation domain grids to form various calculation domain grids corresponding to the three-dimensional model;

[0028] S52, calculating the physical model corresponding to each computational domain grid based on a preset physical model calculation formula;

[0029] S53, defining a thermal runaway boundary condition of the whole vehicle corresponding to the three-dimensional model according to a UDF file under a certain thermal runaway triggering condition;

[0030] S54. After defining the corresponding vehicle thermal runaway boundary conditions, a simulation test calculation is performed on the vehicle thermal runaway corresponding to the electric vehicle, and a simulation analysis result of the vehicle thermal runaway corresponding to the electric vehicle under the corresponding thermal runaway triggering condition is obtained.

[0031] Beneficial effects: In this solution, by defining the combustible materials of each component of the vehicle in the three-dimensional model, dividing the computational domain grid, determining the physical model and the thermal runaway boundary conditions of the vehicle, it is ensured that the simulation model can truly reflect the combustion characteristics of each component of the vehicle, and improve the reliability of the simulation results. At the same time, the division of the computational domain grid can balance the calculation efficiency and accuracy, and reduce unnecessary waste of computing resources. It helps to capture subtle changes in complex structures and improves simulation accuracy. Calculate the appropriate physical model to ensure that the simulation results can accurately reflect the actual situation.

[0032] Furthermore, the minimum grid size calculation formula in each calculation domain grid corresponding to the three-dimensional model in S51 is:

[0033]

[0034] Where Q is the heat release rate of the fire source; g is the acceleration of gravity, ρ ∞ is the air density, c p is the specific heat capacity of air, T ∞ is the ambient air temperature.

[0035] Beneficial effects: By considering multiple dimensions, the calculation of the minimum grid size is ensured to be more scientific and reliable, and the subtle distinctions in the thermal runaway simulation of the whole vehicle can be quickly captured, thereby improving the accuracy of the simulation results.

[0036] Furthermore, the preset physical model calculation formula is:

[0037]

[0038] Where ρ is the gas density, V is the velocity vector, V = (u, v, w), t is the simulation time, p is the pressure, g is the gravitational acceleration, T is the viscous stress tensor, and h is the specific enthalpy. is the volume heat source, q is the radiation heat flux vector, Φ is the dissipation function, Y i is the mass fraction of component i; D i is the diffusion coefficient of component i; is the generation rate or consumption rate of the component per unit volume, T is the gas temperature; R is the universal gas constant, M is the gas molecular weight, M i is the molecular weight of component i.

[0039] Beneficial effects: Through the calculation of physical models, complex physical phenomena such as turbulence, combustion, heat transfer, etc. can be captured, which improves the accuracy of simulation results. Through accurate modeling of multiple physical fields, it is ensured that the simulation can capture key thermal runaway phenomena and discover potential safety hazards in advance, providing an important basis for designing safer and more reliable electric vehicles.

[0040] The present invention also provides a whole-vehicle thermal runaway simulation system for electric vehicles, using the above-mentioned whole-vehicle thermal runaway simulation method for electric vehicles.

[0041] The present invention also provides a storage medium for simulating thermal runaway of an entire electric vehicle, wherein a computer program is stored on the storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for simulating thermal runaway of an entire electric vehicle is implemented. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for simulating thermal runaway of an electric vehicle in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a simulated distribution diagram of smoke from thermal runaway of a whole vehicle at a certain moment in the first embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0045] Embodiment 1

[0046] A method for simulating thermal runaway of an electric vehicle is basically as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0047] S1. According to the actual battery cell model and cell parameters corresponding to the power battery to be simulated, a one-dimensional power battery model corresponding to the power battery to be simulated is constructed based on various model components in the battery library; in this embodiment, the one-dimensional power battery model includes key parts such as battery cells, electrolytes, positive and negative electrodes, and diaphragms.

[0048] S2. According to the constructed one-dimensional power battery model corresponding to the power battery to be simulated, various thermal runaway triggering conditions corresponding to the power battery are set, and under different thermal runaway triggering conditions, the power battery thermal runaway simulation test is simulated, and the battery thermal runaway data corresponding to the power battery under thermal runaway is calculated; the battery thermal runaway data includes heat generation data and gas production data; in this embodiment, the heat generation data and gas production data are used as boundary conditions for the thermal runaway simulation of the whole vehicle, but these data need to be rewritten.

[0049] The thermal runaway triggering conditions corresponding to the power battery set in S2 include:

[0050] Under different thermal runaway triggering conditions, the thermophysical parameters, initial conditions and thermal runaway triggering conditions corresponding to the positive and negative electrode materials, electrolyte and diaphragm in the power battery are defined, wherein the thermophysical parameters include thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity; the initial conditions include temperature and pressure; and the thermal runaway triggering conditions include applying a temperature boundary. In this embodiment, the corresponding thermal runaway triggering condition can also be simulated in combination with the electrochemical model, thermal model and chemical reaction kinetic model corresponding to the corresponding power battery.

[0051] S3, performing fitting processing on the heat generation data and the gas generation data to form a corresponding fitting curve, and writing the fitting curve into a preset format file;

[0052] The S3 includes:

[0053] S30, identifying the gas components and corresponding temperature data released by the power battery under thermal runaway under different thermal runaway triggering conditions according to the heat generation data and gas generation data corresponding to the power battery under different thermal runaway triggering conditions;

[0054] S31, according to the identified gas component data and corresponding temperature data under a certain thermal runaway triggering condition, each gas component and the temperature data corresponding to the gas component are identified and classified, and a gas production rate-reaction temperature curve corresponding to each gas component is fitted;

[0055] S32. According to the fitted gas production rate-reaction temperature curve corresponding to each gas component, the corresponding gas production rate-reaction temperature curve is written as a UDF file corresponding to a certain thermal runaway triggering condition. In this embodiment, in order to make the corresponding heat production data and gas production data can be used as boundary conditions for three-dimensional vehicle thermal runaway simulation, it is necessary to identify each gas component corresponding to each thermal runaway triggering condition, and associate the corresponding temperature with the gas component to form a gas production rate-reaction temperature curve corresponding to each gas component, and then write it into a UDF file suitable for three-dimensional vehicle thermal runaway simulation under the corresponding thermal runaway triggering condition.

[0056] S4. Construct a three-dimensional model corresponding to the whole vehicle according to the actual results and actual size of the electric vehicle in which the power battery is installed. In this embodiment, in the process of modeling the three-dimensional model corresponding to the whole vehicle, the body-related parts should be simplified to adapt to the working conditions of the simulation software, and it should be noted that combustible parts such as power batteries, seats, interior decoration, tires, etc. should be retained.

[0057] S5. Based on the three-dimensional model corresponding to the whole vehicle, the battery thermal runaway data corresponding to the power battery under thermal runaway, and the fitting curve written as a preset format file, a simulation test calculation is performed on the thermal runaway of the whole vehicle corresponding to the electric vehicle, and a simulation analysis result of the thermal runaway of the whole vehicle corresponding to the corresponding electric vehicle is obtained.

[0058] The S5 includes:

[0059] S50, based on the constructed three-dimensional model corresponding to the whole vehicle, define the combustible materials corresponding to the various parts of the whole vehicle in the three-dimensional model; in this embodiment, the common combustible materials in the vehicle include plastics, fabrics, natural leather, rubber, etc.; among which plastic parts can be further divided into polyethylene plastics, polyurethane plastics, etc. Different materials have different properties and different combustion conditions. The corresponding materials are defined in the corresponding material library or their parameters are directly defined. Of course, in actual applications, in order to simplify the geometric model, the same type of combustibles with gaps are simplified into continuous watertight bodies, and the incombustibles are merged into continuous watertight bodies for simulation.

[0060] S51. Divide the computational domain grid of the three-dimensional model after defining the combustible material to form various computational domain grids corresponding to the three-dimensional model; in this embodiment, in order to balance the requirements of ensuring the accuracy of the simulation and reducing the number of grids, when dividing the computational domain grid, multiple computational domains are also generated, such as the atmospheric environment, polyethylene rate, and polyurethane plastic, wherein the VOF method is used to assign materials to the computational domains other than the atmospheric environment to complete phase boundary capture.

[0061] The calculation formula for the minimum grid size in each computational domain grid corresponding to the three-dimensional model in S51 is:

[0062]

[0063] Where Q is the heat release rate of the fire source; g is the acceleration of gravity, ρ ∞ is the air density, c p is the specific heat capacity of air, T ∞ is the ambient air temperature.

[0064] S52, calculating the physical model corresponding to each computational domain grid based on a preset physical model calculation formula;

[0065] The preset physical model calculation formula is:

[0066]

[0067]

[0068] Where ρ is the gas density, V is the velocity vector, V = (u, v, w), t is the simulation time, p is the pressure, g is the gravitational acceleration, T is the viscous stress tensor, and h is the specific enthalpy. is the volume heat source, q is the radiation heat flux vector, Φ is the dissipation function, Y i is the mass fraction of component i; D i is the diffusion coefficient of component i; is the generation rate or consumption rate of the component per unit volume, T is the gas temperature; R is the universal gas constant, M is the gas molecular weight, M i is the molecular weight of component i. In this embodiment, in the actual simulation process, the gas production result of the one-dimensional simulation of the battery thermal runaway is used as the boundary condition of the three-dimensional simulation of the whole vehicle. The finite element analysis process involves the combustion propagation of the thermal runaway gas production and the combustion propagation of the combustibles of the whole vehicle, which not only involves gas phase combustion, but also involves the melting-pyrolysis-gas phase combustion of solid combustion. Therefore, it is necessary to set up a corresponding physical model. Specifically, for the simulation of gas phase combustion, a finite rate model (Species Transport) is used. In this model, the chemical reaction mechanism can be customized, and the combustion mechanism is generally simplified before use. The reaction rate is calculated as a source term in the chemical component transport equation through the Arrhenius equation or the eddy dissipation model.

[0069] The simulation of solid combustion involves the process of melting-pyrolysis-gas phase combustion. The melting solidification model, Lee model, VOF multiphase flow model, and finite rate model are used to complete the full process simulation of solid combustible combustion in the vehicle. Among them, the VOF multiphase flow model is used to capture the phase boundary and distinguish the solid phase fuel area. The momentum source term of the solid phase fuel area is frozen based on the melting solidification model to give the solid phase characteristics. The Lee evaporation model is used to simulate the pyrolysis of solid phase materials and obtain gas phase fuel. The finite rate model is used to simulate gas phase combustion. Figure 2 This is the simulated distribution diagram of the thermal runaway smoke of the whole vehicle at a certain moment.

[0070] S53, defining a thermal runaway boundary condition of the whole vehicle corresponding to the three-dimensional model according to a UDF file under a certain thermal runaway triggering condition;

[0071] S54. After defining the corresponding vehicle thermal runaway boundary conditions, a simulation test calculation is performed on the vehicle thermal runaway corresponding to the electric vehicle, and a simulation analysis result of the vehicle thermal runaway corresponding to the electric vehicle under the corresponding thermal runaway triggering condition is obtained.

[0072] This embodiment also discloses a whole-vehicle thermal runaway simulation system for electric vehicles, which uses the above-mentioned whole-vehicle thermal runaway simulation method for electric vehicles.

[0073] This embodiment also discloses a storage medium for simulating thermal runaway of an entire electric vehicle. A computer program is stored on the storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for simulating thermal runaway of an entire electric vehicle is implemented.

[0074] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention. The common sense such as the known specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is described too much here. The ordinary technicians in the relevant field know all the common technical knowledge in the technical field of the invention before the application date or priority date, can know all the existing technologies in the field, and have the ability to apply the conventional experimental means before that date. The ordinary technicians in the relevant field can improve and implement this scheme in combination with their own abilities under the enlightenment given by this application. Some typical known structures or known methods should not become obstacles for ordinary technicians in the relevant field to implement this application. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, which will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The protection scope required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for simulating thermal runaway of an electric vehicle, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. According to the actual battery cell model and cell parameters corresponding to the power battery to be simulated, and based on each model component in the battery library, a one-dimensional power battery model corresponding to the power battery to be simulated is constructed; S2. According to the constructed one-dimensional power battery model corresponding to the power battery to be simulated, various thermal runaway triggering conditions corresponding to the power battery are set, and under different thermal runaway triggering conditions, a thermal runaway simulation test of the power battery is simulated, and battery thermal runaway data corresponding to the power battery under thermal runaway is calculated; the battery thermal runaway data includes heat generation data and gas generation data; S3, performing fitting processing on the heat generation data and the gas generation data to form a corresponding fitting curve, and writing the fitting curve into a preset format file; S4. construct a three-dimensional model corresponding to the whole vehicle according to the actual result and actual size of the electric vehicle in which the power battery is installed; S5. Based on the three-dimensional model corresponding to the whole vehicle, the battery thermal runaway data corresponding to the power battery under thermal runaway, and the fitting curve written as a preset format file, a simulation test calculation is performed on the thermal runaway of the whole vehicle corresponding to the electric vehicle, and a simulation analysis result of the thermal runaway of the whole vehicle corresponding to the corresponding electric vehicle is obtained.

2. The method for simulating thermal runaway of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal runaway triggering conditions corresponding to the power battery set in S2 include: Under different thermal runaway triggering conditions, the thermophysical parameters, initial conditions and thermal runaway triggering conditions corresponding to the positive and negative electrode materials, electrolyte and diaphragm in the power battery are defined. The thermophysical parameters include thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity; the initial conditions include temperature and pressure; the thermal runaway triggering conditions include applying a temperature boundary.

3. The method for simulating thermal runaway of an electric vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The S3 includes: S30, identifying the gas components and corresponding temperature data released by the power battery under thermal runaway under different thermal runaway triggering conditions according to the heat generation data and gas generation data corresponding to the power battery under different thermal runaway triggering conditions; S31, according to the identified gas component data and corresponding temperature data under a certain thermal runaway triggering condition, each gas component and the temperature data corresponding to the gas component are identified and classified, and a gas production rate-reaction temperature curve corresponding to each gas component is fitted; S32. According to the fitted gas production rate-reaction temperature curve corresponding to each gas component, the corresponding gas production rate-reaction temperature curve is compiled into a UDF file corresponding to a certain thermal runaway triggering condition.

4. The method for simulating thermal runaway of an electric vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The S5 includes: S50, defining the combustible materials corresponding to the various components of the whole vehicle in the three-dimensional model according to the constructed three-dimensional model corresponding to the whole vehicle; S51, dividing the three-dimensional model after defining the combustible material into calculation domain grids to form various calculation domain grids corresponding to the three-dimensional model; S52, calculating the physical model corresponding to each calculation domain grid based on a preset physical model calculation formula; S53, defining a thermal runaway boundary condition of the vehicle corresponding to the three-dimensional model according to a UDF file under a thermal runaway triggering condition; S54. After defining the corresponding vehicle thermal runaway boundary conditions, a simulation test calculation is performed on the vehicle thermal runaway corresponding to the electric vehicle, and a simulation analysis result of the vehicle thermal runaway corresponding to the electric vehicle under the corresponding thermal runaway triggering condition is obtained.

5. The method for simulating thermal runaway of an electric vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the minimum grid size in each computational domain grid corresponding to the three-dimensional model in S51 is: Where Q is the heat release rate of the fire source; g is the acceleration of gravity, ρ ∞ is the air density, c p is the specific heat capacity of air, T ∞ is the ambient air temperature.

6. The method for simulating thermal runaway of an electric vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preset physical model calculation formula is: Where ρ is the gas density, V is the velocity vector, V = (u, v, w), t is the simulation time, p is the pressure, g is the gravitational acceleration, T is the viscous stress tensor, and h is the specific enthalpy. is the volume heat source, q is the radiation heat flux vector, φ is the dissipation function, Y i is the mass fraction of component i; D i is the diffusion coefficient of component i; is the generation rate or consumption rate of the component per unit volume, T is the gas temperature; R is the universal gas constant, M is the gas molecular weight, M i is the molecular weight of component i.

7. A thermal runaway simulation system for electric vehicles, characterized in that: A method for simulating thermal runaway of an electric vehicle using any one of claims 1 to 6 above.

8. A storage medium for simulating thermal runaway of an electric vehicle, wherein a computer program is stored on the storage medium, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by the processor, any one of the methods for simulating thermal runaway of an electric vehicle as described in claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

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