Aqueduct earthquake disaster reduction system and method based on digital twin

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering disaster prevention and mitigation, and specifically to a digital twin-based aqueduct earthquake disaster mitigation system and method. The system includes a data acquisition module, an earthquake early warning module, a control system, a gate valve control module, a notification module, a 3D visualization module, and an aqueduct post-earthquake assessment module. Through the combined detection of the earthquake early warning module and the acquisition module, the present invention enables real-time acquisition of aqueduct operating status information and earthquake early warning information. Before the arrival of destructive earthquake waves, the control module adjusts the water volume within the aqueduct to minimize the aqueduct's seismic response. By inputting monitoring data, manual inspection data, and earthquake characteristic information into the control system, constructing an aqueduct digital twin model, and performing earthquake response simulation, the safety status of the aqueduct structure after an earthquake can be accurately assessed, allowing for the rapid development of post-earthquake aqueduct structural treatment plans and providing a reference for earthquake relief decision-making.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering disaster prevention and mitigation, and in particular to a digital twin-based aqueduct seismic disaster reduction system and method. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, my country has constructed numerous water diversion and regulation projects. Aqueducts, as elevated structures designed to cross obstacles such as rivers, have been widely used. However, aqueducts typically have large spans and carry large amounts of water. This top-heavy structure is highly susceptible to instability and damage during earthquakes. Research has shown that the water content within the aqueduct significantly affects the dynamic characteristics and response of the aqueduct structure. Adjusting the water depth within the aqueduct can, to a certain extent, improve the aqueduct's seismic response and achieve a shock-absorbing effect.

[0003] Faced with the threat of earthquakes, aqueduct seismic design currently relies primarily on traditional strength-based seismic methods, including pseudo-statics, spectral analysis, and time-history analysis. However, with the increasing intensity of earthquakes and the scale of aqueducts, existing seismic design specifications struggle to ensure safety while controlling construction costs, especially in high-intensity earthquake zones. The surge in design costs associated with traditional methods can even impact project implementation, limiting the widespread use of aqueducts in high-intensity earthquake zones. Therefore, there is an urgent need to research and develop new, adaptable, and cost-effective technologies for seismic mitigation of aqueducts.

[0004] At the same time, digital twin technology, as an emerging technology in the field of water conservancy engineering, has been applied in some reservoirs, pumping stations, channels, and other structures. By constructing virtual models corresponding to physical engineering, this technology provides new solutions for project scheduling and structural safety monitoring, and has played a significant role in improving project safety and operational efficiency. However, digital twin technology has not yet been fully applied in the field of aqueduct seismic disaster reduction. Introducing this technology into the research on seismic disaster reduction of aqueduct structures and constructing digital virtual models that accurately reflect the physical structure of the aqueduct can not only quickly simulate the post-earthquake behavior of the aqueduct, but also realize intelligent operation and maintenance, providing a new technical path for aqueduct seismic disaster reduction and having great development potential and market prospects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the problem that aqueducts are easily damaged by earthquakes and that existing seismic design methods lead to a surge in construction costs and insufficient reliability. The purpose is to provide an aqueduct seismic disaster reduction system and method based on digital twins, which improves the seismic performance of aqueducts through earthquake early warning, real-time monitoring, earthquake response simulation and dynamic control, while quickly assessing post-earthquake damage and providing intelligent repair suggestions.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] An aqueduct seismic disaster reduction system based on digital twins, including:

[0008] a data acquisition module for collecting physical parameters and visual data of the aqueduct and transmitting the collected data to a control system;

[0009] Earthquake early warning module, which is used to collect basic earthquake data and transmit the basic earthquake data to the control system;

[0010] A control system is used to integrate the basic earthquake data output by the earthquake early warning module and the aqueduct status data collected by the data acquisition module, perform earthquake response simulation and disaster level assessment based on the aqueduct digital twin model, and generate control instructions;

[0011] The gate valve control module is connected to the control system, receives control instructions from the control system, and dynamically adjusts the water volume in the aqueduct;

[0012] The notification module is connected to the control system, receives earthquake response simulation and disaster level assessment, and pushes it to management personnel.

[0013] The aqueduct post-earthquake assessment module is used to calculate and evaluate the safety status of the aqueduct building after receiving the earthquake signal by integrating the digital twin model with on-site monitoring, manual inspection and other information.

[0014] Furthermore, the system also includes a 3D visualization module, which is used to display the digital twin model of the aqueduct and its seismic response simulation results, identify the damage location and update the aqueduct operation status in real time.

[0015] Optionally, the data acquisition module includes:

[0016] Multiple types of sensors are placed at weak and key locations of the aqueduct to collect strain, displacement, vibration, temperature and humidity, pressure, and load parameters. Rebar gauges, displacement sensors, and vibration sensors are used to collect the aqueduct's mechanical state in real time; temperature and humidity sensors are used to collect the aqueduct's environmental parameters in real time; and water level gauges are used to monitor the water level in the aqueduct and calculate the aqueduct's real-time load.

[0017] A visual recognition system is located at the front, rear, bottom, and sides of the aqueduct to record aqueduct operation videos and collect information on surface damage.

[0018] A data transmission unit is used to transmit the physical data and visual data collected by the multi-type sensors and the visual recognition system to a control system.

[0019] Optionally, the earthquake early warning module includes:

[0020] An external data receiving unit, which is used to receive earthquake warning information from the China Earthquake Networks Early Warning Center, including epicenter location, focal depth, and magnitude;

[0021] Seismic monitoring equipment, which is deployed in the area where the aqueduct is located and is used to collect seismic wave data in real time;

[0022] A data fusion and processing unit is connected to the external data receiving unit and the early warning device, and is used to fuse the information of the two data sources, calculate the time when the seismic wave reaches the aqueduct according to the seismic wave propagation speed and the geographical parameters of the aqueduct location; classify, store and analyze the seismic wave data, and extract the magnitude, intensity, peak displacement, peak velocity, and peak acceleration; an output unit is connected to the data fusion and processing unit, and is used to output the processed basic seismic data.

[0023] Optionally, the 3D visualization module includes:

[0024] A data interaction unit, used to receive the aqueduct digital twin model and earthquake response simulation results;

[0025] The model building unit is used to generate a 3D digital twin model of the aqueduct in real time and dynamically update the model based on the mechanical state and visual data of the aqueduct provided by the control system. It uses image processing algorithms to stitch the aqueduct surface images obtained by the visual recognition system and identify damage information on the aqueduct surface.

[0026] The dynamic display unit is used to dynamically display the digital twin model of the aqueduct and the earthquake response simulation results through a 3D visualization platform, and to mark and update the damage location and operating status of the aqueduct in real time.

[0027] Optionally, the gate valve control module includes: a plurality of emergency water release valves installed on the aqueduct and a gate valve installed at the aqueduct entrance, and the emergency water release valves and the gate valves receive control instructions from the control system.

[0028] A digital twin-based aqueduct seismic disaster reduction method, based on the digital twin-based aqueduct seismic disaster reduction system as described above, the method comprising:

[0029] Obtain real-time earthquake information from the China Earthquake Networks Early Warning Center, including epicenter location, focal depth, magnitude and other early warning information;

[0030] Determine whether the magnitude of the earthquake at the location of the aqueduct is less than the preset value: if the magnitude is less than the preset value, no action is taken; if the magnitude is not less than the preset value, the water volume of the aqueduct is dynamically adjusted according to the earthquake resistance plan;

[0031] Build a digital twin model of the aqueduct;

[0032] Obtain real-time seismic wave data and extract the information required for earthquake calculation from the seismic wave data;

[0033] Import the information required for earthquake calculations into the digital twin model of the aqueduct, and simulate the stress and damage patterns of key parts of the aqueduct caused by earthquakes through finite element analysis to identify possible damage locations;

[0034] Based on the finite element analysis results, earthquake damage assessment is carried out.

[0035] Specifically, the earthquake-resistant method includes:

[0036] Through the external data receiving unit in the earthquake early warning module, real-time earthquake information is obtained from the China Earthquake Networks Early Warning Center, including the epicenter location, focal depth, magnitude, and seismic wave propagation speed;

[0037] Collect seismic wave data in the aqueduct area through remote sensing early warning equipment, including waveform characteristics and acceleration response spectrum;

[0038] The data fusion and processing unit in the earthquake early warning module is used to perform data fusion, extract peak displacement, peak velocity and peak acceleration, and calculate the time it takes for the seismic wave to reach the aqueduct based on the propagation speed of the seismic wave;

[0039] Determine whether the magnitude of the earthquake at the location of the aqueduct reaches the preset value:

[0040] If the magnitude is less than the preset value, no action is taken;

[0041] If the magnitude is not less than the preset value, the control system generates a control instruction and sends a signal to the gate valve control module to activate the aqueduct's regulating gate, sluice gate, and emergency water discharge device to adjust the water depth in the aqueduct to the minimum earthquake response position;

[0042] The disaster reduction methods include:

[0043] The control system receives physical and visual data from the data acquisition module, as well as manual inspection and judgment data, and combines this with earthquake characteristic information provided by the earthquake early warning module to build a digital twin model of the aqueduct.

[0044] Finite element analysis software is used to import real-time monitoring data into the aqueduct digital twin model to simulate the stress conditions and damage patterns of key parts of the aqueduct under earthquakes, generate earthquake response simulation results, and identify possible damage locations;

[0045] The model building unit splices the image data obtained by the visual recognition system, combines it with the finite element analysis results to identify the damage information on the aqueduct surface, and displays it in real time through the dynamic display unit;

[0046] The data acquisition module acquires monitoring data and on-site videos, and combines them with manual inspection information to calculate and evaluate the post-earthquake safety status of the aqueduct;

[0047] The 3D visualization module dynamically displays the aqueduct digital twin model, earthquake response simulation results, and damage assessment information, identifies the damage location in real time, and updates the aqueduct's operating status.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0049] The system of the present invention includes a data acquisition module, an earthquake early warning receiving module, a control system, a gate valve control module, a notification module, a 3D visualization module, and an aqueduct post-earthquake assessment module. The data acquisition module uses multiple sensors and a visual recognition system to monitor the aqueduct's physical parameters and damage information as needed. The earthquake early warning module integrates earthquake data collected by an external data receiving unit and early warning equipment, calculates the arrival time of seismic waves, and extracts earthquake characteristics. The control system integrates monitoring data and earthquake characteristic information to construct a digital twin model, conduct earthquake response simulation and earthquake damage assessment, and generate control instructions for dynamically adjusting the aqueduct water volume. The gate valve control module adjusts the water depth in the aqueduct according to the control instructions. The 3D visualization module dynamically displays the aqueduct digital twin model and earthquake damage assessment results. The notification module sends real-time information and emergency response recommendations to management personnel.

[0050] The present invention uses a combined monitoring system of a data acquisition module and an earthquake early warning module to achieve real-time acquisition of aqueduct status information and earthquake data, providing accurate data support for subsequent control and simulation. By inputting monitoring data and earthquake characteristic information into the control system, constructing a digital twin model of the aqueduct, and conducting earthquake response simulation and earthquake damage assessment, the impact of earthquakes on the aqueduct structure can be accurately predicted, thereby quickly identifying structural weaknesses and optimizing seismic performance. By achieving full-process intelligent management of the aqueduct structure, from pre-earthquake early warning, epicenter earthquake resistance, to post-earthquake assessment and repair, the present invention significantly improves the aqueduct's earthquake resistance and disaster reduction capabilities, and has important engineering application value and promotion prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] The accompanying drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present invention and, together with the description thereof, are used to explain the principles of the present invention. These drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and the accompanying drawings are included in and constitute a part of this specification and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of a digital twin-based aqueduct seismic disaster reduction method according to the present invention.

[0053] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the forces on the bottom of the pier during an earthquake with or without water in the aqueduct according to the present invention.

[0054] Figure 3 2 is a schematic diagram of the TLD vibration reduction principle of the aqueduct according to the present invention.

[0055] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of adjusting the dynamic response of an aqueduct by adjusting the water depth in the aqueduct according to the present invention.

[0056] Figure 5 It is a flow chart of a method for earthquake-resistant disaster reduction of an aqueduct based on digital twin according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the relevant content and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0058] It should also be noted that, for the convenience of description, only the parts related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.

[0059] In the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0060] This technology is based on the difference in propagation speed between seismic waves and radio waves. By sensing seismic wave information in advance, it can dynamically control the gate valves or valves in the aqueduct before the destructive seismic waves reach the aqueduct. Figure 1 Specifically, the earthquake early warning system obtains real-time earthquake information and uses the high propagation speed of radio waves to quickly transmit data such as the epicenter location, seismic wave characteristics, and magnitude to the control system. Based on the transmitted information and the real-time structural status of the aqueduct, the control system generates precise control instructions to adjust the water volume in the aqueduct, thereby changing the dynamic characteristics of the aqueduct, such as Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown.

[0061] By adjusting the water depth within the channel, we can effectively avoid frequency bands where seismic energy is concentrated (i.e., the resonance zone between the aqueduct structure and the seismic frequency), thereby reducing the amplitude of the aqueduct's response to earthquakes. Furthermore, when used in conjunction with seismic isolation and energy dissipation devices, this further disperses the seismic input energy, reducing the aqueduct's overall seismic response and significantly minimizing the risk of damage to the aqueduct.

[0062] Seismic waves are divided into P waves (longitudinal waves) and S waves (transverse waves). P waves travel faster but are less destructive, while S waves travel slower but are more destructive. Leveraging the early warning function of P waves, relevant data is transmitted via radio waves, buying time for the control system to operate, thereby completing the aqueduct's power adjustments before the S waves arrive.

[0063] The control system simulates the impact of varying water volumes on the aqueduct's structural dynamics based on a digital twin model. Incorporating real-time earthquake magnitude information, it develops a water flow adjustment plan. The gate valve control module rapidly adjusts the water volume within the aqueduct, for example by releasing or storing water to optimize the aqueduct's stiffness and mass distribution.

[0064] This technology exploits the speed difference between seismic waves (particularly P waves) and radio waves. Before destructive seismic waves (such as S waves) arrive, gate valves are controlled to adjust the water volume within the aqueduct, altering the structure's dynamic characteristics to avoid resonant frequency bands where energy is concentrated. Simultaneously, seismic isolation and energy dissipation devices are incorporated to disperse seismic energy, thereby reducing the aqueduct's seismic response. The entire system achieves earthquake resistance and disaster reduction through the coordinated action of earthquake early warning, control command generation, gate valve execution, and vibration reduction devices.

[0065] Example 1

[0066] An aqueduct seismic disaster reduction system based on digital twins, including:

[0067] The data acquisition module is used to collect the physical parameters and visual data of the aqueduct and transmit the collected data to the control system. It uses multiple types of sensors to collect physical parameters such as strain, displacement, vibration, temperature and humidity, pressure, and water level depth in the aqueduct to reflect the structural status and load changes of the aqueduct. The visual recognition system collects images of the aqueduct surface to identify damage characteristics such as cracks and deformation.

[0068] The earthquake early warning module is used to collect basic earthquake data, including epicenter location, focal depth, seismic wave velocity, magnitude and intensity, and transmit the basic earthquake data to the control system.

[0069] The control system is used to integrate the basic seismic data output by the earthquake early warning module and the aqueduct status data collected by the data acquisition module, simulate the seismic response based on the aqueduct digital twin model, predict the dynamic response of the structure and potential damage locations; conduct disaster level assessment, generate control instructions for dynamically adjusting the water volume in the aqueduct, and send the instructions to the gate valve control module through the communication interface.

[0070] The gate valve control module communicates with the control system, receives control instructions from the control system, and dynamically adjusts the water volume in the aqueduct. It changes the water volume in the aqueduct by quickly adjusting the open or closed state of the gate valve. At the same time, it optimizes the mass and stiffness distribution of the aqueduct through the emergency discharge valve, thereby avoiding the frequency band where seismic energy is concentrated and reducing seismic response.

[0071] The notification module communicates with the control system, receives earthquake response simulations and disaster level assessments, and sends them to management personnel. This module delivers early warning information, damage assessments, and emergency response recommendations to support scientific decision-making and rapid response.

[0072] The 3D visualization module displays the aqueduct's digital twin model and its earthquake response simulation results, identifies damage locations, and provides real-time updates on the aqueduct's operational status. The module presents the aqueduct's digital twin model and earthquake response simulation results in real time, visually demonstrating the aqueduct's stress conditions and operational status. It also visually identifies identified damage locations and provides damage information to facilitate subsequent repair and maintenance. It also updates the aqueduct's dynamic operational data in real time, enabling management to fully understand its condition.

[0073] This system integrates sensor monitoring, digital twin modeling, earthquake early warning analysis, and dynamic control technology to form a full-process earthquake disaster reduction solution from pre-earthquake monitoring and early warning, epicenter response control to post-earthquake assessment and repair. Specifically:

[0074] The data acquisition module and earthquake early warning module provide real-time data, laying the foundation for control decisions;

[0075] The control system uses digital twin models for analysis and simulation to generate precise control instructions;

[0076] The gate valve control module optimizes the aqueduct's dynamic characteristics by dynamically adjusting the water volume in the aqueduct;

[0077] The 3D visualization module displays the aqueduct's operating status and damage information in real time, improving post-earthquake repair efficiency;

[0078] The notification module ensures information transmission and emergency decision-making.

[0079] Example 2

[0080] The data acquisition module is the foundation of the entire system. It provides high-precision basic data support for subsequent seismic response simulation and dynamic adjustment by monitoring the aqueduct's physical condition and surface damage information in real time. The data acquisition module includes:

[0081] Multiple types of sensors are arranged at weak and key locations of the aqueduct to collect the strain, displacement, vibration, temperature and humidity, pressure and load parameters of the aqueduct. Among them: the rebar meter monitors the strain changes of the aqueduct structure in real time, reflecting the stress state of the structure and potential stress concentration areas; the displacement sensor measures the displacement of key nodes of the aqueduct, which is used to analyze the overall deformation and local displacement characteristics of the structure; the vibration sensor captures the vibration response characteristics of the aqueduct under earthquakes or external disturbances, providing data support for dynamic analysis; the temperature and humidity sensor monitors the temperature and humidity changes in the environment where the aqueduct is located, and evaluates the impact of environmental conditions on the structural state; the water level meter is used to monitor the water level depth in the trough and calculate the real-time load on the trough body.

[0082] The visual recognition system, deployed at the front, back, bottom, and sides of the aqueduct, provides comprehensive surface monitoring. It collects real-time damage information on the aqueduct surface, capturing cracks, deformation, and other damage information through image data, providing a visual basis for post-earthquake damage assessment. The video recognition system records the aqueduct's condition during the earthquake and identifies damage to the concrete structure.

[0083] The data transmission unit is used to transmit physical data and visual data collected by multiple types of sensors and visual recognition systems to the control system.

[0084] The earthquake early warning module is responsible for real-time monitoring, analysis and early warning of earthquake information in the system. The earthquake early warning module includes:

[0085] An external data receiving unit, which is used to receive seismic wave data from the China Earthquake Networks Early Warning Center (which provides comprehensive and authoritative earthquake information), including epicenter location, focal depth, seismic wave velocity, magnitude, and intensity;

[0086] Remote sensing early warning equipment is deployed in the area where the aqueduct is located. It is used to collect real-time earthquake disaster characteristic data, including epicenter location, focal depth, seismic wave velocity, waveform characteristics and acceleration response spectrum; it supplements external data and provides higher-resolution regional monitoring data. In practice, this part of the equipment can also be omitted, that is, only the data from the China Earthquake Networks Early Warning Center is used.

[0087] A data fusion and processing unit, which is connected to the external data receiving unit and the remote sensing early warning equipment, is used to fuse the information of the two data sources, classify, store and analyze the seismic wave data, and extract the magnitude, intensity, peak displacement, peak velocity and peak acceleration. Based on the seismic wave propagation speed and the geographical parameters of the aqueduct location, it calculates the time when the seismic wave reaches the aqueduct;

[0088] The output unit is connected to the data fusion and processing unit and is used to output the processed basic seismic data and seismic wave arrival time prediction results.

[0089] The earthquake early warning module uses dual data sources, combining external authoritative data and regional remote sensing monitoring data to ensure the comprehensiveness and timeliness of earthquake information; through the analysis and calculation of seismic wave propagation speed and aqueduct location parameters, it can achieve high-precision prediction of seismic wave arrival time, thus buying valuable time for earthquake prevention measures.

[0090] The 3D visualization module uses digital twin technology and real-time data processing to intuitively present the aqueduct's dynamic operating status and seismic response results. The 3D visualization module includes:

[0091] A data interaction unit, used to receive the aqueduct digital twin model and earthquake response simulation results;

[0092] The model building unit is used to generate a 3D digital twin model of the aqueduct in real time and dynamically update the model based on the mechanical state and visual data of the aqueduct provided by the control system. It uses image processing algorithms to stitch the aqueduct surface images obtained by the visual recognition system and identify damage information on the aqueduct surface.

[0093] The dynamic display unit is used to dynamically display the aqueduct's digital twin model and seismic response simulation results through a 3D visualization platform, marking and updating damage locations and operating status in real time. Damage locations on the aqueduct surface, such as cracks and deformations, are marked in real time. As data is updated, the aqueduct's operating status is dynamically adjusted to provide comprehensive structural health information.

[0094] The 3D visualization module receives the digital twin model and seismic response simulation results through the data exchange unit, generates and dynamically updates a 3D model of the aqueduct using the model construction unit, and displays the model and damage information in real time through the dynamic display unit. This module enables intuitive visualization of the aqueduct's operating status and seismic response results, providing managers with an efficient decision-making support tool while enhancing the system's intelligence and operability.

[0095] The gate valve control module is the execution unit in the system. Its core function is to dynamically adjust the water volume within the aqueduct based on commands generated by the control system, thereby optimizing the aqueduct's dynamic characteristics and reducing the risk of earthquake damage to the aqueduct structure. The gate valve control module includes multiple emergency drain valves installed on the aqueduct and gate valves installed at the aqueduct entrance. These emergency drain valves and gate valves receive control commands from the control system.

[0096] Emergency drain valves are used to quickly release water from the aqueduct, reducing the dynamic load on the aqueduct structure during earthquakes. Multiple emergency drain valves are evenly distributed in key areas of the aqueduct, such as the sides and bottom, to enable rapid and effective water flow regulation. Upon an emergency command from the control system, the drain valves rapidly open, releasing the water to a safe level, thereby reducing the aqueduct's mass and altering its dynamic characteristics.

[0097] Gate valves at aqueduct entrances control the flow of water into the aqueduct, adjusting the initial water level or preventing water from entering to address emergencies. Positioned at the aqueduct entrance, they provide global control over the flow of water entering the aqueduct. Based on the control system's instructions, gate valves can quickly close to prevent water inflow or open appropriately to adjust the amount of water entering, ensuring a safe water level within the aqueduct.

[0098] The gate valve control module, comprised of multiple emergency release valves and gate valves at the aqueduct's inlet, is responsible for rapid water release and inlet water flow control, respectively. By communicating with the control system, the module efficiently receives commands and executes precise dynamic water flow adjustments, providing effective support for the aqueduct's seismic resistance. The emergency release valves reduce the aqueduct's dynamic response, while the gate valves ensure global controllability of water flow. The synergistic effect of these two significantly enhances the system's earthquake resistance and disaster mitigation capabilities.

[0099] Example 3

[0100] like Figure 5 As shown, a digital twin-based aqueduct seismic disaster reduction method is provided. Based on the digital twin-based aqueduct seismic disaster reduction system, the method includes: during the design process, through computational simulation on the digital twin platform, determining the weak points of the design scheme, and performing structural optimization in the construction drawing stage to meet safety requirements;

[0101] The earthquake resistance and disaster reduction method includes:

[0102] Before or in the early stages of an earthquake, the seismic response amplitude of the aqueduct can be reduced through rapid processing of earthquake information and dynamic adjustment measures.

[0103] Obtain real-time earthquake information from the China Earthquake Networks Early Warning Center, including epicenter location, focal depth, magnitude, intensity, and seismic wave propagation speed;

[0104] Determine whether the magnitude of the earthquake at the aqueduct location is less than a preset value: If the magnitude is less than the preset value, it is considered that the earthquake will not have a significant impact on the aqueduct, and therefore no dynamic adjustment action is taken;

[0105] If the magnitude is not less than the preset value, the water volume of the aqueduct will be dynamically adjusted according to the earthquake emergency plan;

[0106] Rapidly assess the damage to the aqueduct after the earthquake to provide a scientific basis for repair. Build a digital twin model of the aqueduct based on the finite element model or BIM model;

[0107] Obtain real-time seismic wave data and extract the information required for earthquake calculation from the seismic wave data;

[0108] Import the information required for earthquake calculations into the digital twin model of the aqueduct, and simulate the stress and damage patterns of key parts of the aqueduct caused by earthquakes through finite element analysis to identify possible damage locations;

[0109] Based on the finite element analysis results, earthquake damage assessment is carried out.

[0110] Example 4

[0111] The following provides specific methods in combination with Examples 1, 2, and 3.

[0112] The core goal of the seismic resistance method is to quickly adjust the dynamic characteristics of the aqueduct structure and reduce the seismic response amplitude before destructive seismic waves arrive by acquiring and processing real-time seismic information. The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0113] Through the external data receiving unit in the earthquake early warning module, real-time earthquake information is obtained from the China Earthquake Networks Early Warning Center, including the epicenter location, focal depth, magnitude, and seismic wave propagation speed;

[0114] Remote sensing early warning equipment is used to collect seismic wave data in the aqueduct area, including waveform characteristics and acceleration response spectra, to provide local high-resolution seismic characteristic data.

[0115] The data fusion and processing unit in the earthquake early warning module is used to perform data fusion, extract peak displacement, peak velocity, and peak acceleration, and calculate the time it takes for the seismic wave to reach the aqueduct by analyzing the seismic wave propagation speed and the aqueduct's geographical location parameters.

[0116] Determine whether the magnitude of the earthquake at the location of the aqueduct reaches the preset value:

[0117] If the magnitude is less than the preset value, no action is taken;

[0118] If the magnitude is not less than the preset value, the control system generates a control instruction and sends a signal to the gate valve control module to start the aqueduct emergency water discharge device and adjust the water depth in the aqueduct to the minimum position; the gate valve control module quickly reduces the water volume in the aqueduct through the emergency water discharge valve or prevents water from flowing into the aqueduct through the inlet gate valve.

[0119] The core goal of the disaster reduction approach is to achieve rapid post-earthquake damage assessment and the formulation of repair recommendations through digital twin technology and real-time data processing. The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0120] The control system receives physical data (such as strain, displacement, pressure, etc.) and visual data (such as surface damage images) from the data acquisition module, and combines it with the earthquake characteristic information provided by the earthquake early warning module to build a digital twin model of the aqueduct;

[0121] Using commercial finite element analysis software, real-time updated monitoring data is imported into the digital twin model of the aqueduct to simulate the stress conditions and damage patterns of key parts of the aqueduct under earthquake action, generate earthquake response simulation results, identify possible damage locations, and determine the severity of the damaged area.

[0122] The model building unit splices the image data obtained by the visual recognition system, combines it with the finite element analysis results to identify the damage information on the aqueduct surface, and displays it in real time through the dynamic display unit;

[0123] The data acquisition module acquires monitoring data and on-site videos, and combines them with manual inspection information to conduct empirical earthquake damage assessments on damaged areas;

[0124] The 3D visualization module dynamically displays the aqueduct digital twin model, earthquake response simulation results, and damage assessment information, identifies the damage location in real time, and updates the aqueduct's operating status.

[0125] Example 5

[0126] The existing technology used in the method of extracting magnitude, intensity, peak displacement, peak velocity, and peak acceleration from seismic data is described as follows:

[0127] The ObsPy seismic data processing library is used in Python to process raw waveform data in the SAC or MiniSEED standard format downloaded from the seismic network center. Waveform data is read and preprocessed, including noise removal (such as bandpass filtering) and baseline correction, to ensure signal quality and accuracy. Next, the STA / LTA algorithm is used to automatically pick seismic phases, including P waves, S waves, and surface waves. Peak parameters, such as maximum amplitude and duration, are directly extracted from the waveforms.

[0128] In terms of magnitude calculation, the Richter magnitude (ML) is calculated by extracting the maximum amplitude and combining it with the epicentral distance. The moment magnitude (MW) is further calculated by combining the source parameters and energy distribution. The moment magnitude can be derived from the amplitude-epicentral distance relationship and spectral characteristics. In spectral analysis, the fast Fourier transform (FFT) is used to calculate the spectrum of the seismic wave and analyze its main frequency and bandwidth characteristics to identify the characteristics of the focal mechanism and seismic wave energy distribution. In addition, the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) is used to capture the time-frequency characteristics of the seismic signal and obtain the instantaneous change characteristics of the signal.

[0129] To estimate the intensity, an empirical formula is used to assess the intensity classification, combining peak acceleration (PGA), peak velocity (PGV), and epicentral distance. Furthermore, peak velocity and peak displacement are calculated by performing primary and secondary integration of the acceleration waveform, respectively, to extract the characteristic parameters of seismic wave motion.

[0130] The existing technology used to monitor the water level depth in the tank and calculate the real-time load of the tank body by using a water level gauge is described as follows:

[0131] The load of the trough structure is composed of the trough body's own weight and water load. The trough body's own weight is a known quantity during design and construction, so the calculation of the trough body's real-time load only requires knowing the real-time water load in the trough body.

[0132] A pressure sensor is installed at the bottom of the water-passing section of the aqueduct, in direct contact with the water. When the water depth at the sensor location changes, the static pressure of the water will change accordingly, and the sensitive element in the sensor (such as a piezoelectric element, a capacitor diaphragm, or a strain gauge) will detect this pressure change. The sensitive element of the sensor converts the mechanical change in pressure into an electrical signal. The sensor uses an amplification circuit to enhance the signal strength and converts the electrical signal into a digital signal through analog-to-digital conversion (ADC). The digitized pressure data is transmitted wirelessly to the data acquisition system and calculated based on the relationship between pressure and water depth: H=P / (ρg), where H is the water depth, P is the measured pressure, ρ is the density of water, and g is the acceleration of gravity. Once the water depth is known, the water load in the aqueduct body can be calculated based on the cross-sectional dimension information of the aqueduct, thereby completing the real-time load monitoring of the aqueduct body.

[0133] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment / method", "some embodiments / methods", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment / method or example are included in at least one embodiment / method or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment / method or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments / methods or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments / methods or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments / methods or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0134] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0135] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are merely for the purpose of illustrating the present invention clearly, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other changes or modifications may be made based on the above invention, and these changes or modifications are still within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aqueduct earthquake disaster reduction system based on digital twins, characterized by: include: a data acquisition module for collecting physical parameters and visual data of the aqueduct and transmitting the collected data to a control system; An earthquake early warning module is used to receive earthquake early warning data, calculate the time when the earthquake wave reaches the aqueduct based on the propagation speed of the earthquake wave and the geographical parameters of the aqueduct location, and transmit the basic earthquake data to the control system; A control system is used to, before the predicted arrival time of the earthquake wave, fuse the basic seismic data output by the earthquake early warning module and the aqueduct status data collected by the data acquisition module to determine whether the magnitude of the earthquake at the aqueduct location has reached a preset threshold. If so, it performs earthquake response simulation and disaster level assessment based on the aqueduct digital twin model, and simultaneously generates control instructions to minimize the aqueduct seismic response; a gate valve control module, which is in communication with the control system, receives control instructions from the control system to minimize the seismic response of the aqueduct, and dynamically adjusts the water volume in the aqueduct; a notification module, which is connected to the control system, receives earthquake response simulation and disaster level assessment, and pushes it to management personnel; The aqueduct post-earthquake assessment module is used to calculate and evaluate the safety status of the aqueduct structure after receiving the earthquake signal by integrating the digital twin model with on-site monitoring information and manual inspection information; The gate valve control module includes: a plurality of emergency water release valves installed on the aqueduct and a gate installed at the entrance of the aqueduct, and the emergency water release valves and the gate receive control instructions from the control system.

2. The digital twin-based aqueduct earthquake resistance and disaster reduction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a 3D visualization module, which is used to display the digital twin model of the aqueduct and its seismic response simulation results, identify damage locations and update the aqueduct operation status in real time.

3. The digital twin-based aqueduct earthquake-resistant disaster reduction system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The data acquisition module includes: Multiple types of sensors are placed at weak and key locations of the aqueduct to collect strain, displacement, vibration, temperature, pressure, and load parameters. Rebar gauges, displacement sensors, and vibration sensors are used to collect the aqueduct's mechanical state in real time; temperature and humidity sensors are used to collect the aqueduct's environmental parameters in real time; and water level gauges are used to monitor the water level in the aqueduct. A visual recognition system, which is located at the front, rear, bottom, and sides of the aqueduct, is used to collect real-time information on damage to the aqueduct surface; A data transmission unit is used to transmit the physical data and visual data collected by the multi-type sensors and the visual recognition system to a control system.

4. The digital twin-based aqueduct earthquake-resistant disaster reduction system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The earthquake early warning module includes: An external data receiving unit, which is used to receive seismic wave data from the China Earthquake Networks Early Warning Center, including epicenter location, focal depth, seismic wave velocity, magnitude, intensity, and seismic wave arrival time; Seismic monitoring equipment, which is deployed in the area where the aqueduct is located and is used to collect real-time seismic wave data from the area near the aqueduct; a data fusion and processing unit connected to the external data receiving unit and the remote sensing early warning device, for fusing information from the two data sources, classifying, storing, and analyzing seismic wave data, and extracting magnitude, intensity, peak displacement, peak velocity, and peak acceleration; and calculating the time it takes for seismic waves to reach the aqueduct based on the seismic wave propagation speed and the geographical parameters of the aqueduct location; The output unit is connected to the data fusion and processing unit and is used to output the processed basic seismic data and seismic wave arrival time prediction results.

5. The digital twin-based aqueduct earthquake-resistant disaster reduction system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The 3D visualization module includes: A data interaction unit, used to receive the aqueduct digital twin model and earthquake response simulation results; The model construction unit is used to generate a three-dimensional digital twin model of the aqueduct in real time, and dynamically update the model based on the mechanical state and visual data of the aqueduct provided by the control system; the aqueduct surface images obtained by the visual recognition system are spliced ​​through image processing algorithms, and the surface damage information of the aqueduct is identified; and post-earthquake damage information of the structure is obtained through manual inspections; the dynamic display unit is used to dynamically display the digital twin model of the aqueduct and the earthquake response simulation results through a 3D visualization platform, and to mark and update the damage location and operating status of the aqueduct in real time.

6. A digital twin-based aqueduct earthquake disaster reduction method, characterized in that: Based on the digital twin-based aqueduct seismic disaster reduction system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the method includes: Obtain real-time earthquake information from the China Earthquake Networks Early Warning Center, including epicenter location, focal depth, and magnitude. Calculate the time it takes for earthquake waves to reach the aqueduct based on the propagation speed of seismic waves and the geographic parameters of the aqueduct's location. Before the predicted arrival time of the earthquake wave, the basic earthquake data and the aqueduct status data are integrated to determine whether the magnitude of the earthquake at the aqueduct location is less than the preset value. If the magnitude is less than the preset value, no action is taken. If the magnitude is not less than the preset value, the control system generates control instructions designed to minimize the seismic response of the aqueduct according to the earthquake resistance plan, and drives the gate valve control module to dynamically adjust the water volume in the aqueduct. Build a digital twin model of the aqueduct; Obtain real-time seismic wave data and extract the information required for earthquake calculation from the seismic wave data; Import the information required for earthquake calculations into the digital twin model of the aqueduct, and simulate the stress and damage patterns of key parts of the aqueduct caused by earthquakes through finite element analysis to identify possible damage locations; Conduct a post-earthquake safety assessment of the aqueduct based on finite element analysis results, monitoring data, and manual inspection data; The gate valve control module includes: a plurality of emergency water release valves installed on the aqueduct and a gate installed at the entrance of the aqueduct, and the emergency water release valves and the gate receive control instructions from the control system.

7. The digital twin-based aqueduct earthquake disaster reduction method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The earthquake-resistant method includes: Through the external data receiving unit in the earthquake early warning module, real-time earthquake information is obtained from the China Earthquake Networks Early Warning Center, including the epicenter location, focal depth, magnitude, and seismic wave propagation speed; Seismic monitoring equipment is used to collect seismic wave data in the aqueduct area, including waveform characteristics and acceleration response spectra; The data fusion and processing unit in the earthquake early warning module is used to perform data fusion, extract peak displacement, peak velocity and peak acceleration, and calculate the time it takes for the seismic wave to reach the aqueduct based on the propagation speed of the seismic wave; Determine whether the magnitude of the earthquake at the location of the aqueduct reaches the preset value: If the magnitude is less than the preset value, no action is taken; If the magnitude is not less than the preset value, the control system generates a control instruction and sends a signal to the gate valve control module to activate the gate and emergency discharge valve of the aqueduct and adjust the water depth in the aqueduct to the minimum earthquake response position.

8. The digital twin-based aqueduct earthquake disaster reduction method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The disaster reduction methods include: The control system receives physical and visual data from the data acquisition module, as well as manual inspection and judgment data, and combines this with earthquake characteristic information provided by the earthquake early warning module to build a digital twin model of the aqueduct. Finite element analysis software is used to import real-time monitoring data into the aqueduct digital twin model to simulate the stress conditions and damage patterns of key parts of the aqueduct under earthquakes, generate earthquake response simulation results, and identify possible damage locations; The model building unit splices the image data obtained by the visual recognition system, combines it with the finite element analysis results to identify the damage information on the aqueduct surface, and displays it in real time through the dynamic display unit; The data acquisition module acquires monitoring data and on-site videos, and combines them with manual inspection information to calculate and evaluate the post-earthquake safety status of the aqueduct; The 3D visualization module dynamically displays the aqueduct digital twin model, earthquake response simulation results, and damage assessment information, identifies the damage location in real time, and updates the aqueduct's operating status.

9. A computer program product comprising a computer program / instructions, characterized in that When the computer program / instructions are executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 6 to 8 is implemented.

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